EE 673 Digital Communication Networks Project Report
A B C to Creating Basic Applications of Android
Chintan Pandya (Y7125) Rahul Agrawal (Y7333)
devoted
Abstract:
to
advancing open
standards for
mobile devices. Google released most of the Android code under the Apache License,
With Google’s latest launch for mobile
a free software and open source license.
Android Operating System, we did a project starting from ABC of it up to Creating Basic
Android Architecture:
Application. Here we are describing about
Android relies on Linux version 2.6 for
Android, features, capabilities, application, what we developed, current market scenario
core
and future plans. With Android, mobile phone
memory management, process management,
rd
system
services
such
as
security,
generation and brand in
network stack, and driver model. The kernel
century. To cop up with the latest
also acts as an abstraction layer between the
technology in mobile phone’s world lets start
hardware and the rest of the software stack.
the journey of Android.
See the figure on next page.
Introduction:
System Libraries:
has achieved its 3 21
st
Android is
a mobile
operating
Android includes a set of C/C++
system running on the Linux kernel. It was
libraries used by various components of the
initially developed by Android Inc., a firm later
Android
purchased by Google, and lately by the Open Handset Alliance. It
allows
system.
These
capabilities
are
exposed to developers through the Android
developers to
application framework. Some of the core
write managed code in the Java language,
libraries are listed below:
controlling the device via Google-developed Java libraries.
•
System
C
library -
a
BSD-derived
implementation of the standard C system library (libc), tuned for embedded Linux-based devices •
Media Libraries - based on PacketVideo's OpenCORE; the libraries support playback and recording of many popular audio and video formats, as well as static image files, including MPEG4, H.264, MP3, AAC, AMR, JPG, and PNG
• The distribution
unveiling on
5
of
the
November
display subsystem and seamlessly composites
Android
2007
2D and 3D graphic layers from multiple
was
applications
announced with the founding of the Open Handset hardware,
Alliance, software
a
consortium
of
47
and telecom companies
Surface Manager - manages access to the
•
LibWebCore - a modern web browser engine which powers both the Android browser and an embeddable web view
th
•
SGL - the underlying 2D graphics engine
In 26 October, 2009 the "Eclair" version (2.0)
•
3D libraries - an implementation based on
was released which featured better search,
OpenGL ES 1.0 APIs; the libraries use either
battery usage indicator and VPN control
hardware 3D acceleration (where available) or
applet. New platform technologies included...
the included, highly optimized 3D software rasterizer
Optimized hardware speed
•
FreeType - bitmap and vector font rendering
Support
•
SQLite - a powerful and lightweight relational
for
more
screen
sizes
and
resolutions
database engine available to all applications
Development Toolkit:
Revamped UI
New browser UI and HTML5 support
New contact lists
Better white/black ratio for backgrounds
Improved Google Maps 3.1.2
•
SDK (Software Development Kit)
Microsoft Exchange support
•
Eclipse
Built in flash support for Camera
•
ADT Plugin
Digital Zoom
•
DrawDroid
Improved virtual keyboard
Bluetooth 2.1
Android SDK: The
Android
SDK
includes
Android
a
in .apk format
comprehensive set of development tools. These
include
a debugger, libraries,
handset emulator (based
Applications
are
and
packaged
stored
under
/data/app folder on the Android OS. The user
a
can run the command adb root to access this
on QEMU),
folder as only the root has permissions to
documentation, sample code, and tutorials.
access this folder.
Currently supported development platforms include x86- architecture computers running
ADT Plugin:
Linux (any modern desktop Linux distribution), Mac
OS
X 10.4.8
or
later, Windows The
XP or Vista. Requirements also include Java (ADT)
Development Kit, Apache Ant, and Python 2.2
to
for
Development
Eclipse the
adds
Eclipse
Tools
powerful integrated
development environment. It allows you to
development environment (IDE) is Eclipse (3.2
create and debug Android applications easier
or later) using the Android Development Tools
and faster. If you use Eclipse, the ADT plugin
(ADT) Plugin, though developers may use any
gives you an incredible boost in developing
text editor to edit Java and XML files then
Android applications:
use command line tools to create, build and debug Android applications.
plugin
extensions
or later. The officially supported integrated
Android
•
It
gives
you
access
to
other
Android
development tools from inside the Eclipse IDE.
For example, ADT lets you access the many
of navigation and control keys, which you can
capabilities
take
"press" using yourr mouse or keyboard to
set
generate events for your application. It also
breakpoints, and view thread and process
provides a screen in which your application is
informationd irectly from Eclipse.
displayed, together with any other Android
It provides a New Project Wizard, which helps
applications running.
of
screenshots,
•
the
manage
DDMS
tool:
port-forwarding, forwarding,
you quickly create and set up all of the basic To let you model and test your application
files you'll need for a new Android application. •
more easily, the emulator supports Android
It automates and simplifies the process of
Virtual Device (AVD) configurations. AVDs let
building your Android application. •
you specify the Android platform that you want
It provides an Android code editor that helps
to run on the emulator, as well as the
you write valid XML for your Android manifest
hardware options and emulator skin files fil tht
and resource files. •
you want to use. Once your application is
It will even export your project into a signed
running on the emulator, it can use the
APK, which can be distributed to users.
services of the Android platform to invoke other applications, access the network, play
Emulator:
audio and video, store and retrieve data, notify the user, and render graphical transitions and
The Android SDK includes a mobile
themes.
device emulator -- a virtual mobile device that runs on your computer. The emulator lets you
The emulator also includes a variety of debug
prototype,
capabilities, such as a console from which you
develop,
and
test
Android
applications without using a physical dev device.
can log kernel output, simulate application interrupts (such as arriving SMS messages or phone calls), and simulate latency effects and dropouts opouts on the data channel.
Emulator Limitations: •
No support for placing or receiving actual phone calls. You can simulate phone calls (placed and received) through the emulator console, however.
The Android emulator mimics all of the typical hardware and software features of a typical mobile bile device, except that it can cannot receive or place actual phone calls. It provides a variety
•
No support for USB connections
•
No support for camera/video capture (input).
•
No support for device-attached attached headphones
•
No support for determining connected state
•
No support for determining battery charge level and AC charging state
•
•
No
support
for
determining
SD
1. Browser:
card
Successfully
made
a
insert/eject
browser that would OMIT the HTML
No support for Bluetooth
tags and renders information without Coding
in
any form. Browser
is
efficient, fast and light.
DrawDroid:
2. Calcy: Developed a Mobile Calculator using Android. Can implement all
It is a simply Java application to design a GUI for any android application. It
Arithmetic
functions
contains large number of widgets, layouts,
possible
buttons and all that we need to make a well-
Scientific Calculator
with
the
which modern
are World
fledge android app. Through drag and drop,
3. GPS status: Made an application
we can design the layout and in back end it will
which specifies the GPS coordinates
generate the xml code which we can use
of the Android Phone and now Android
directly in any particular application.
can be used as a effective device for a variety of applications.
Market Analysis: While Google are keeping the exact download statistics private, mobile advertising network Medialets have been doing some data analysis of their own and have publicised some approximate figures and trends for the Android Market's first weekend.
Interesting Apps in market: Here a rundown of the statistics Medialets 1. ASE
have published:
2. Barcode Scanner 3. Notepad
•
4. GPS Status 2 5. I-Jetty
167 Apps have been downloaded between 667,000 and 2.9 Million times.
•
Downloads are being driven by 41 apps,
6. Nimbuzz
which account for between 73% and 83%
7. OI File Manager
of all possible downloads.
8. Opera Mini Browser
•
Two applications, Pac-Man by Namco and
9. Telnet
The Weather channel generated the most
10. Terminal Emulator
downloads (50,000 - 250,000). •
Although download ranges can be very large, growth on the low-end was still
Application that we developed:
nearly 80% during the first week. •
5 Categories account for 61% of all apps.
•
The number of apps has nearly tripled since launch, led by the Games, Tools and Productivity categories.
Future Ideas: •
GPS Status: Can be used for keeping a track of the Vehicles(Can be used by transport
agencies),Can
keeping
a
track
of
be
used
trains,
for
Military
operations, Finding the shortest distance, Finding location on a Map. It can be integrated using Google Maps and
can
find
use
in
a
number
of
applications. •
Browser for Data Encryption-Could be used for Security Purposes Customized Browser that may render Application Specific information from a given coded HTML Light and faster browser which is the need of the hour considering limited resources in Mobile phones
•
Embedding
with
Google
wave:
The
Information sharing that we are talking of deals
with:
Internships,
Project
Associates, Sponsors, Guides, Colleges (their
feedbacks
Coaching,
Schools,
and
placements),
Exams,
Results,
Scholarships, Awards, Placements, Job Profiles, Job Feedbacks, Competitive Exams and their Scope, Right approach towards preparation, Counselling, Good Books and Study material etc.
References: 1. http://developer.android.com 2. http://wikipedia.com 3. http://android.com/market 4. http://androidapps.com
