PRODUCTION OF EUCALYPTUS CANDLES AS MOSQUITO REPELLENT

PRODUCTION OF EUCAL EUC ALYPTUS YPTUS CANDLES AS MOSQUITO REPELLENT BY REINA CHARIS D. PANALIGAN ______________ ____________________ _____________ ______________ _____________ _____________ ______________ _____________ ________ __

A Research Research Study presente presented d to the faculty of Lumampong Lumampong National National High SchoolSchoolIndang Annex Indang !a"ite in partial fulfillment of the re#uirements in Research II$ ______________ ____________________ _____________ ______________ _____________ _____________ ______________ _____________ __________ ____ Introduction

!andles are used at home most especially in churches$ %hey can &ring an unimagina&le comfort for instance to those 'ho lost their someone special and dear in their li"es$ (ost of the candles today are made from paraffin$ !andle manufacturers add essential oil from eucalyptus to ma)e the candle scents attrac attracti" ti"e e to the costu costumer mer$$ Burn Burnin ing g scent scented ed candl candles es dri"e dri"e a'ay a'ay inse insects cts$$ A scented candle is one of the most delicious additions to a relaxing night in$ !hoose 'isely and the re'ards 'ill &e 'ell 'orth the effort$ %here are many different types of candles on the mar)etplace &ut scented candles are &y far the most luxurious$ %hey gained popularity in the *++,s and many are no' candle lo"ers from all 'al)s of life are &as)ing in the glo' and fragrance. of these 'axy 'onders$ Se"eral studies and researches must &e done in order to come up 'ith the economically and locally a"aila&le mos#uito repellent$ /ith all the statements statements a&o"e the researcher of this study decided to use extracted oil from eucalyptus lea"es in ma)ing candle$ %he oil content of these lea"es are good enough 'hich 'ill ma)e these candle products &e ex#uisite in terms of their a&ility to repel mos#uitoes$ %his extracted oil from eucalyptus

1

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lea"es 'ould &e a perfect channel in yielding high-#uality candle as mos#uito repellent$

Stateent o! t"e #ro$%e

*$ Is ther there e a poss possi& i&il ilit ity y to prod produc uce e a euca eucaly lypt ptus us cand candle le as mos# mos#ui uito to repellent0 1$ /hat are the the characteristic characteristics s of produced produced eucalyptus eucalyptus candle in terms of2 a$ 3ffecti 3ffecti"ene "eness ss to to repel repel mos#uit mos#uitoes oes O$&ecti'e( o! t"e (tud)

*$ %o produce eucalyptus eucalyptus candle candle as mos#uito mos#uito repellent repellent$$ 1$ %o identify identify the charact characteris eristics tics of produced produced eucalyp eucalyptus tus candle candle in terms terms of effecti"e to repel mos#uitoes$ Re(earc" ")#ot"e(e(

*$ %here is no possi&ility possi&ility to produce eucalyptus eucalyptus candle candle as mos#uito mos#uito repellent$ repellent$ *. %he produced 3ucalyptus candle is not effecti"e as mos#uito repellent$

Si+ni!icance o! t"e (tud)

%he study 'as &e conducted conducted to determine determine the characteristics characteristics of produced eucaly eucalyptu ptus s cand candle$ le$ 4ind 4inding ings s of the the study study 'ould 'ould help help the the candle candle ma)er ma)er to determine the right amount of eucalyptus 'hich is the main ingredient for the candle as repellent for mos#uitoes$ %his study 'ould also help the researchers in terms of pre"enting the diseases caused &y mos#uitoes$









mos#uito repellent$ 3"aluation of the produced candle is limited only in its odor and effecti"eness$ %he 'hole study 'as conducted at Lumampong National High School 5 Indang Annex and 6e La Salle 7ni"ersity-6asmari8as from 9cto&er 1,*1 to 4e&ruary 1,*:$ De!inition o! ter( Cand%e- product to &e produced E!!ecti'ene(( - the characteristics to &e tested E((entia% Oi% - the product to &e extracted from eucalyptus lea"es Euca%)#tu(- plant to &e used in the candle production Mo(,uito- the insect to &e repelled Para!!in -a- the main component to ma)e a candle Re#e%%ent- the purpose of the candle









Re'ie- o! t"e Re%ated Literature Leon/(cented Euca%)#tu(

/hile it has anti-fungal antiseptic and anti&acterial properties lemonscented eucalyptus oil fre#uently gets employed as a &ug repellent$ !itronellal ma)es up the ma;ority of this oil-- percent of this oil 'hile !ornell 7ni"ersity lists it at a&out ?, percent of the total oil$ 9ther ma;or components include geraniol and pinene$ 4rom li"estrong$comarticle *,@+@,.

%he oil is also used in some insect repellents and one study found that an oil of lemon eucalyptus product may also )eep tic)s a'ay$ 4rom umm$eduarticleeucalyptus ,,,1@*. E!!ecti'ene(( In gener general al a repell repellen entt 'ith 'ith :, :, Lemo Lemon n 3uca 3ucaly lyptu ptus s oil oil 'ill 'ill pro"i pro"ide de

protection a&out e#ual to repellents containing *,-*> 633%$ 9ne comparison test produced the follo'ing results2









9ff 6eep /oods - 1:$= 633% 5 :,*$> minutes protection time %esting has sho'n it to &e the most effecti"e her&al mos#uito repellent outlasti outlasting ng citrone citronella lla and soy-oil soy-oil product products$ s$ 9il of Lemon Lemon 3ucaly 3ucalyptus ptus pro"ides pro"ides protection from mos#uitoes &iting flies and gnats$ RepelE lemon eucalyptus spray claims to also repel deer tic)s carriers of Lyme 6isease. for up to ? hours$ 4rom picardin$info-lemon-eucalyptus.

In(ect Re#e%%ent

%he essential oil produced from eucalyptus lea"es acts as a natural insect repellent$ %he oil produced from the lemon eucalyptus "ariety has particularly effecti"e insect repellent properties according to author !oppen$ You can mix a fe' drops of lemon eucalyptus oil 'ith your fa"orite moisturiFer or sunscreen to repel insects such as mos#uitoes and tic)s$ You can also purchase many commercially-prepared insect repellents containing eucalyptus oil in most drug and grocery stores$ 4rom li"estrong$com-article*=++=?=.

Euca%)#tu(

3ucaly 3ucalyptu ptus s is an e"erg e"ergre reen en Austra ustralia lian n tree$ tree$ %he %he restor restorati ati"e "e resul resultt of eucalyptus foliage 'as first disco"ered &y the nati"e Australian people$ It &ecame a con"entional therapy that cured many diseases$ It is &eing used all o"er the 'orld as inhalers ointments pills and sal"es for a range of ailments$ It aids in the









and are regularly used superficially in the healing of minute &urns 'ounds cuts sores and ulcers$ It is a self-gro'ing tree and is also used to reduce 'ater logging in 'ater logged areas$ 9nce planted it 'ill gro' in almost e"ery type of en"ironment as it has "ery long roots and can extract 'ater from deep in the earth$ 4rom naturalremedies-home remedies. Re#e%%ent and $io#e(ticide

!ineole

&ased

eucalyptus

oil

is

used

as

an insect

repellent and repellent and &iopesticide &iopesticide$$ In the 7$S$ eucalyptus oil 'as first registered in *+@= as an insecticide and miticide$

Fra+rance

3ucalyptus oil is also used as a fragrance fragrance component component to impart a fresh and clean aroma in soaps soaps detergents detergents lotions and perfumes perfumes$$

Sa!et) and toicit)

If consumed internally at lo' dosage as a fla"ouring component or in pharma pharmace ceuti utica call produ products cts at the recomm recommen ende ded d rate rate cineo cineole le &ase &ased d Goil Goil of eucalyptusG is safe for adults$ Ho'e"er systemic toxicity can result from ingestion or topical application at higher than recommended doses$ %he pro&a&le lethal dose of pure eucalyptus oil for an adult is in the range of ,$,> mL to ,$> mLper )g of &ody 'eight$ Because of their high &ody surface











mL of eucalyptus oil$ 4rom li"estrong$comarticle-@>?=:D.

RE0IE1 OF RELATED RELATED STUDIES

As stated in Malaria Research Center (Field Station), BHEL Complex, Ranipur, Hardwar, India $ Repellent action of neem oil 'as e"aluated against

different mos#uito species$ 1 neem oil mixed in coconut oil pro"ided +?-*,, protection from anophelines => from Aedes :D$> from Armigeres 'hereas it sho'ed 'ide range of efficacy from ?*-+@ against !ulex spp$ %herefore neem oil can &e applied as a personal protection measure against mos#uito &ites$

%he plant species mostly used as repellent at night are2 fresh or smo)e of the lea"es lea"es

of 9$ sua"ean sua"eand d 9$

)ilimand )ilimandsch scharic aricum um Lamiac Lamiaceae eae. . AFadira AFadiracht chta a









mos#uito Anopheles Anopheles ara&iensis ara&iensis and Anopheles Anopheles gam&iae including a nuisance mos#uit mos#uito!u o!ulex lex #uin#u #uin#uefas efasciat ciatus$ us$ High High &iting &iting protect protection ion =: =: to +*. +*. and feedi feeding ng inhi&i inhi&iti tion on D*$1 D*$1 to +1$>. +1$>. 'as 'as o&se o&ser" r"ed ed again against st three three speci species es of mos#uitoes$ Li)e'ise the extracts of 9cimum plants induced C6+, of longer time in mos#uitoes than citronella a standard &otanical repellent$ (ortality induced &y standard dosage of :, mgm1 on filter papers scored after 1@ hours 'as @D$: for 9C and >D for 9S compared 'ith ?D$D for citronella$ %his study 'as retrie"ed from malaria ournal !""#, p$% &'*!#%

As stated in < +ector +ector Bourne on March !"&" o pa$es '*"  topical application of each of the four different lotions significantly p ,$,>. reduced the &iting rate of mos#uitoes in all the three locations tested$ %he :, "". concentration in oli"e oil &ase exhi&iting highest a"erage percentage repellencies of +D$1 +>$D and +?$: at /orld Ban) 3state Ihitte and 7mue)unne centres respecti"ely 'hile the 1, "". concentration in palm )ernel oil &ase had the least repellency of :?$: @*$? and :?$: respecti"ely$ %he other t'o formulations had "alues ranging from ?D$= to =, in the three locations$ %he :, "". concentration in









mos#uito-&orne diseases and irritations caused &y their &ites$

Met"odo%o+)

%his chapter descri&ed the materials and procedures to &e used in the preparation for the actual experimentation phases$ Re(earc" de(i+n

%his in"ol"ed experimentation experimentation &y 'hich experimental experimental control factor or set up are o&ser"ed and changes are recorded to ena&le the in"estigator to arri"e at a relia&le conclusion$ %he experimental set up is one 'hich no changes of factors are made$ Ta$%e 34 Percenta+e Co#o(ition and C"aracteri(tic(

(ixture

*

1

:









Materia%(

In ma)i ma)ing ng euca eucaly lypt ptus us cand candle le the the rese resear arch cher er need needs s extr extrac actt of eucalyptus paraffin 'ax molder and 'ic)$ Procedure I.

Etraction o! oi%

3uca 3ucalyp lyptu tus s lea"e lea"es s 'ere 'ere colle collect cted ed dried dried and cut into into small small pieces$ %he lea"es lea"es 'ere soa)ed in ethanol solution for a&out 1@ hours to get the extract of the lea"es$ %he lea"es 'ere separated in Rota"ap apparatus and filtered into a separatory funnel$ A dar) green extract 'as produced$ II.

Production o! o! Ca Cand%e

After extracting extracting the eucalyptus eucalyptus lea"es the researcher researcher measures all the ingredients using the 'eighing scale$ (ixed the melted paraffin 'ax and the oil$ Jut into a molder 'ith 'ic) in the middle of it and 'ait until it cools$ III.

Gat"erin+ o! Mo Mo(,uitoe(

(os#uito 'riggles 'ere collected and 'aited until they &ecame









leng length th of time time to &e cons consum umed ed and and the the num& num&er er of mos# mos#ui uito toes es repe repell lled ed$$ 9&ser"ations 'ere made for three consecuti"e mixtures$ Ta$%e *4 E!!ecti'ene(( o! t"e Cand%e in ter( o! nu$er o! o(,uitoe( re#e%%ed

Mixture 1

Mixture 2

Mixture 3

Replication 1 Replication 2 Replication 3 Replication 4 Replication 5 Total Ta$%e 54 E!!ecti'ene(( o! t"e Cand%e in ter( o! tie con(ued in re#e%%in+ o(,uitoe(

Mixture 1 Replication 1 Replication 2 Replication 3 Replication 4 Replication 5 Total

Mixture 2

Mixture 3











Ta$%e 74 Len+t" o! tie con(ued

Miture 3

Miture *

Miture 5

Replication *

*, seconds

=$> seconds

?$: seconds

Replication 1

+$> seconds

= seconds

? seconds

Replication : Replication @

+$> seconds D seconds

D seconds D seconds

>$@ seconds > seconds

Replication >

? seconds

> seconds

: seconds

Tota%

8.7 (econd(

9.3 (econd(

:.37 (econd(

%he ta&le @ sho's the mos#uitoes repelled for a specific time per mixture and and per per repl replic icat atio ion$ n$ (ix (ixture ture : has the the fast fastes estt time time cons consum umed ed to repe repell mos#uitoes 'hile in mixture 1 has a moderate time consumed to repel and mixture * has the slo'est time consumed to repel mos#uitoes$









Ta$%e =4 Nu$er o! o(,uitoe( re#e%%ed

Replication *

Miture 3 1

Miture * @

Miture 5 >

Replication 1 Replication : Replication @

* 1 1

1 * :

> @ @

Replication > Tota%

* 3.=

@ *.8

> 7.=

%he ta&le ? sho's num&er of mos#uitoes repelled per mixture and per replicat replication$ ion$ (ixture : has the highest highest num&er num&er of mos#uito mos#uitoes es repelled repelled 'hile 'hile mixture 1 has the moderat m oderate e num&er of mos#uitoes repelled and mixture has the less num&er of mos#uitoes repelled$









Suar)6 Conc%u(ion( and Recoendation(

%his his

chapt apter

deals eals

'ith ith

the the

summa mmary ry

conclus lusion ions

and

recommendations$ %he %he main main purpo purpose se of the the study study 'as 'as to prod produce uce a cand candle le 'ith 'ith eucalyptus extract to repel mos#uitoes$

Specifically it aimed to ans'er the follo'ing #uestions2 *$ Is there a possi&ility possi&ility to to a eucalypt eucalyptus us candle candle as mos#uito repellent$ repellent$









conclusions2 *$ It is possi&le possi&le to produce produce eucalyptus eucalyptus candle as mos#uito mos#uito repellent$ repellent$ 1$ %he %he null null hypo hypoth thes esis is in term terms s of effe effect cti" i"en enes ess s 'as re;e re;ect cted ed sinc since e the the computed p-"alue are ,$,,,? and ,$,*> 'as less than the significance le"el$ le"el$ %here %herefor fore e the the produ produced ced eucal eucalyp yptus tus cand candle le posse possesse sses s good good characteristics in terms of effecti"eness$ :$ It can &e concluded concluded that eucalyptu eucalyptus s candle is a good good mos#uito mos#uito repellent$ repellent$

Recoendation(

Based on the results of the findings and conclusions gathered the researcher recommends the follo'ing2 *$ Based Based on the result result of the produc product t it is said said that the more more extra extract cted ed oil added in the 'ax can contri&ute a lot in repelling mos#uitoes &ut the









APPENDICES



























PRODUCTION OF EUCALYPTUS CANDLES AS MOSQUITO REPELLENT

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