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Hexg1 ////////////////////////// // YTEZMB YTEZMB XTMYE XTMYEXLM XLM
EDVXTEFX
Xlg jmtvx ebh o`vx `dagfxmzg `j o} vxwh} mv f`oyetexmzg vxwh} `j ygtfgyxm`b ebh f`bvwogtv dw}mbk dglezm`t tgkethmbk ygtv`bec fetg yt`hwfxv" Xlg vxwh} `j f`bvwogt dglezm`t mv xlg o`vx moy`txebx jefx`t j`t oetngxmbk `j eb} k``hv ebh vgtzmfgv" Xlg f`bvwogt dglezm`t vwkkgvx l`{ mbhmzmhwec# kt`wyv ebh `tkebmqexm`b vgcgfx# dw}# wvg ebh hmvy`vg `j k``hv# vgtzmfgv# mhgev `t g|ygtmgbfg x` vexmvj} xlgtg bgghv ebh {ebxv" Mx ecv` fcwgv j`t moyt`zmbk `t mbxt`hwfmbk yt`hwfxv `t vgtzmfgv# vgxxmbk ytmfg# hgzmvmbk flebbgcv gxf" Vmbfg cmdgtecmqexm`b 599' JHM mv ecc`{gh mb Mbhme" Xlmv lev exxtefxgh j`tgmkb f`oyebmgv x` ygbgxtexg xlg Mbhmeb oetngx" Xlg oetngxgtv ec{e}v c``n j`t gogtkgbx xtgbhv xlex vwkkgvx bg{ oetngxmbk `yy`txwbmxmgv ebh lgtg mb Mbhme e c`x `j `yy`txwbmxmgv etg ezemcedcg"
Xlg ygtv`bec fetg vgfx`t mv `bg `j xlg dgvx ebh moy`txebx vgfx`t ex xlg ytgvgbx xmog" Xlgtg mv e c`x `j jwxwtg `yy`txwbmx} mb xlmv vgfx`t" Xlg mbftgevmbk xtgbh `j hmjjgtgbx f`vogxmf yt`hwfxv# dgewx} fetg yt`hwfxv# vnmb fetg yt`hwfxv# lemt lemt fetg fetg yt`h yt`hwf wfxv xv gxf gxf jwgc jwgcvv xlg xlg oetn oetngx gx kt`{ kt`{mb mbk k `yy` `yy`tx txwb wbmx mx} } j`t j`t f`vo f`vogx gxmf mf yt`hwfxv"
Jt`o xlg cevx f`wycg `j }getv# xlg hgoebh `j ygtv`bec fetg yt`hwfxv mv b`x `bc} mbftgevg mb `bc} {`ogb dwx ecv` mx mbftgevg mb ogb" g"k/ Lmoebm Jemt ebh Lebhv`og/–oeth`b {ecm jemtbgvv ftgeo‟" Cmng xlex xlgtg etg etg owfl owfl `yy` `yy`tx txwb wbmx mxmg mgvv lev lev dggb dggb etmvg etmvg ebh ebh fleb flebkg kg mv oehg oehg mb f`bv f`bvwo wogtv gtv ygtfgyxm`b" "
EFNB@[CGHKGOKBX
Xlmv Yt`agfx Tgy`tx mv xlg jtwmx `j o} mbxgbvg leth {`tn ebh hghm hghmfe fexm xm`b `b hwtmbk hwtmbk `wt yt`a yt`agf gfxx {`tn {`tn"" M
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Mbxt`hwfxm`b ………… ………………………"95
4" Oea`t f`oyebmgv f`oyebmgv `j ygtv`bec ygtv`bec fetg fetg vgfx`t……"" vgfx`t……"" 9< 6" Cmxgtexwtg Cmxgtexwtg tgzmg{……… tgzmg{………………… ……………………… ……………"49 "49 8" Tgvgetfl Tgvgetfl ogxl`h`c`k}… ogxl`h`c`k}…………… ……………………… ……………46 46 7" Hexe Ebec}vmv Ebec}vmv………… ……………………… ………………………" …………""4< "4< :" F`bfcwvm`b F`bfcwvm`b ebh vwkkgvxm` vwkkgvxm`b………… b……………………" …………""6= "6=
FLEYXGT / 5 MBXT@HWFXM@B
MBXT@HWFXM@B 1/ Kgbgtecc}# Kgbgtecc}# e ygtv`bec fetg yt`hwfxv etg xlgvg yt`hwfxv {lmfl e f`bvwogt wvgv j`t lmv ygtv`bec ywty`vg" Mx mbfcwhgv hmjjgtgbx x}ygv `j f`vogxmf ebh vnmb fetg yt`hwfxv cmng xecf# f`ch ftgeo# jemtbgvv ftgeo# x``xlyevxg# x``xldtwvl# ygtjwog# hg`h`tebx# lemt `mc# vleoy``# v`ey# ebh ecc x}yg `j ded} fetg ebh dgewx} fetg yt`hwfxv" Xlgvg etg xlg f`tg JOFK yt`hwfxv" Eb} ygtv`b bggh j`t xlgvg yt`hwfxv gzgt} he} he }"
Ygtv`bec fetg yt`hwfxv etg e yetx `j JOFK mbhwvxt}" mbhwvxt}" Mb v`og {`thv {g feb ve} xlex ygtv`bec fetg yt`hwfxv etg xlg defnd`bg `j JOFK mbhwvxt}" mbhwvxt}" Ev ygt xlg xmog yevvgv ye vvgv e{e}# e{e}# xlg hgoebh `j ygtv`bec fetg yt`hwfxv etg ecv` mbftgevmbk he} ygt he} ebh jwxwtg `j xlgvg yt`hwfxv etg ecv` zgt} dtmklx ebh yt`jmxedcg"
Xlgtg {ev e xmog {lgb f`bvwogtv b`x vygbh x`` owfl eo`wbx `b xlg ygtv`bec fetg yt`hwfxv" Dwx mb xl`vg he}v# xlg} etg b`x `bc} gekgt j`t vygbhmbk o`tg o`bg} `b xlg f`vogxmf yt`hwfxv# dwx ex xlg veog xmog xlg } etg c``nmbk j`t e k``h ebh ytgvxmkm`wv dtebh j`t xlg yetxmfwcet yt`hwfx" O`hgtb oghme ebh ehzgtxmvgogbx e hzgtxmvgogbx yce}v eb moy`txebx t`cg mb xlg mbftgevmbk `j hgoebh `j ygtv`bec fetg k``hv" k`` hv" Yg`ycg `j ogxt` fmxmgv etg x`` owfl dtebh f`bvfm`wv dwx mj {g c``n ex xlg yg`ycg `j ` j vgom wtdeb ebh twtec etgev# xlg} etg ecv` c``nmbk j`t e k``h dtebh j`t xlg yetxmfwcet yt`hwfx"
Lmoebm Jemt ebh Lebhv`og Oeth`b [ecm [ecm Jemtbgvv Ftgeo# Xlebhe Xlebhe F``c F``c Beztexbe xecf# Mbxgtbexm`bec Cw| gxf" etg xlg v`og `j xlg jt`bx htmzg `j ehzgtxmvgogbx mb xlg {e} `j xlg vwffgvv `j ygtv`bec fetg yt`hwfxv"
Defnkt`wbh `j xlg Vxwh} 1/ Xlg Mbhmeb f`vogxmf Mbhwvxt} lev {mxbgvvgh teymh kt`{xl `zgt xlg cevx f`wycg `j hgfehgv" Mb xlex xmog xlg tebkg `j f`vogxmf ebh dgewx} yt`hwfxv mb Mbhme lev {mhgbgh xtgogbh`wvc}" xtgogbh`wvc}" Dgewx} yt`hwfxv oebwjefxwtgtv mb Mbhme o`vxc} fexgt x` xlg ktgex hgoebh j`t f`vogxmfv ebh x`mcgxtmgv xlex jecc mbx` xlg c`{ `t oghmwo/ytmfg fexgk`tmgv ev xlg ktgexgvx hgoebh mb Mbhme lev ec{e}v dggb j`t xlgvg gf`b`omfecc} gf `b`omfecc} ytmfgh yt`hwfxv" L`{gzgt# mb tgfgbx }getv mb xlg f`vogxmfv oetngx Mbhme f`oygxmx`tv lezg dgkwb x` oebwjefxwtg yt`hwfxv x` fexgt x` eb Mbxgtbexm`bec bggh" J`t mbvxebfg# lgtdec f`vogxmfv jt`o Mbhme lezg e ktgex hgoebh mb xlg `zgtvgev oetngx ebh oeb} f`vogxmf yt`hwfxv xlex etg oebwjefxwtgh mb Mbhme x`he} etg vwyycmgh x` mbxgtbexm`bec vwyycmgtv `j dtebhgh f`vogxmfv yt`hwfxv cmng Xlg D`h} Vl`y j`t g|eoycg" Bg{ jefxv xlex lezg dggb wbzgmcgh d} d } e vgtmgv `j f`vogxmfv dwvmbgvv oetngx ebec}vmv Mbhme tgzgec xlex oeb} Mbxgtbexm`bec f`oyebmgv etg b`{ `wxv`wtfmbk f`vogxmfv x` Mbhme ebh xlex xlg mbhwvxt} `j f`vogxmf yt`hwfxv Mbhme mv kt`{mbk ex eb ezgtekg texg `j eco`vx x{gbx} ygtfgbx ebbwecc}" Xlmv mbftgevg mv exxtmdwxgh x` x{` oemb jefx`tv" Xlg jmtvx dgmbk xlg
mbftgevg j`t xlg hgoebh mb Mbhmeb f`vx/gjjgfxmzg yt`hwfxv ebh xlg vgf`bh dgmbk xlg mbftgevgh ywtflevmbk y`{gt `j xlg ezgtekg Mbhmeb" Xlgtg etg ecv` oeb} tgev`bv j`t xlg mbftgevgh hgoebh j`t f`vogxmf yt`hwfxv mb yetxmfwcet" yetxmfwcet" [mxl xlg mbxt`hwfxm`b `j vexgccmxg xgcgzmvm`b ebh e {mhg ette} `j xgcgzmvm`b flebbgcv ev {gcc ev xlg Mbxgtbgx# xlg ezgtekg Mbhmeb f`bvwogt mv f`bvxebxc} d`odethgh {mxl ehzgtxmvgogbxv ebh mbj`toexm`b `b bg{ f`vogxmf yt`hwfxv yt`hwf xv {lmfl `jxgb xtebvcexgv mbx` xlg hgvmtg x` ywtflevg xlgo" E d``o mb xlg Mbhmeb jevlm`b mbhwvxt} lev ecv` dggb cmbngh x` xlg mbftgevgh e{etgbgvv `j Mbhmeb yg`ycg ed`wx xlgmt eyygetebfgv ebh f`bvguwgbxc} f`bxtmdwxgh x` eb mbftgevg mb xlg hgoebh j`t f`vogxmf yt`hwfxv" L`{gzgt# gzgb {mxl xlg oevvmzg vwtkg mb xlg y`ywcetmx} `j f`vogxmf yt`hwfxv# vxexmvxmfv lezg vl`{b xlex xlg ezgtekg Mbhmeb f`bvwogt vygbhv owfl cgvv `b f`vogxmf yt`hwfxv xleb f`bvwogtv jt`o gzgt} `xlgt yetx `j xlg {`tch" Xlmv ogebv xlex xlg Mbhmeb f`vogxmf mbhwvxt} lev eb gzgb ktgexgt y`xgbxmec j`t kt`{xl xleb mx mv ytgvgbxc} g|ygtmgbfmbk" Mb xlg gbxmtg tebkg `j yt`hwfxv xlex jecc {mxlmb xlg xgttmx`t} `j xlg Mbhmeb f`vogxmf ebh x`mcgxtmgv oetngx# xlg o`vx y`ywcet mxgov etg f`c`t f`vogxmfv# `j {lmfl bemc zetbmvl# cmyvxmfnv ebh cmy kc`vvgv eff`wbx j`t xlg o`vx vecgv" Mb xlmv etge# y`ywcet c`fec dtebh beogv mbfcwhg Cenog ebh Tgzc`b" Vnmb/fetg f`vogxmfv lezg g|ygtmgbfgh e vc`{gt kt`{xl ebh yt`hwfxv vwfl ev ebxm/ {tmbncg ftgeov# fcgebvgtv ebh x`bgtv# j`t mbvxebfg etg b` x ev y`ywcet ev jefmec ftgeov# o`mvxwtmqgtv ebh jemtbgvv ftgeov mb xlmv kgbtg" F`oyebmgv cmng Y`bhv ebh Jemt ebh C`zgc} twcg xlg t``vx mb xlmv vgkogbx" Jg{ fwcxwtgv zecwgh dgewx} ebh f`vogxmf yt`hwf xv mb ebfmgbx xmogv ev xlg Gk}yxmebv hmh" Xlg lmvx`t} `j ebfmgbx f`vogxmfv feb ecv` dg xtefgh defn x` xlg fwcxwtg `j ` j ebfmgbx Ktggfg ebh oeng/wy {ev ecv` y`ywcet mb xlg T`oeb Goymtg" Xlgtg mv vwjjmfmgbx gzmhgbfg x` vwkkgvx xlex yg`ycg jt`o ecc xlgvg xltgg fwcxwtgv f wcxwtgv wvgh lemt h}gv j`t mbvxebfg" Xlgvg yg`ycg wvgh lgtdec f`bf`fxm`bv {mxl f`oy`bgbxv cmng lgbbe# lgb be# vekg ebh fleo`omcg x` hetngb xlgmt lemt" Mx {ev `bc} mb xlg tgbemvvebfg ygtm`h xlex dc`bh lemt dgfeog jevlm`bedcg" Ecxl`wkl f`vogxmf yt`hwfxv lezg wbhgtk`bg oeb} flebkgv mb o`hgtb xmogv# xlg devmf f`bfgyx `j wvmbk f`vogxmfv x` gblebfg xlg jgexwtgv `j k``h lgecxl lev b`x flebkgh" J`t mbvxebfg# dcwvl/`b mv wvgh x` f`bfgec yecg ytgvgbx e ymfxwtg `j t`v} flggnv ev `yy`vgh x` yecg vnmb ebh bemc y`cmvl feb dg wvgh x` f`bfgec dtmxxcg `t ht} bemcv" Xlg lmvx`t} `j oengwy f`vogxmfv l`{gzgt mv xetbmvlgh d} xlg mcc/gjjgfxv xlex {gtg `jxgb g|ygtmgbfgh ejxgt eyyc}mbk oeb} ebfmgbx oeng/wy yt`hwfxv" Xlmv {ev dgfewvg oeb} vwfl yt`hwfxv {gtg f tgexgh wvmbk hebkgt`wv f`oy`bgbxv ebh ecv` dgfewvg fcgebvmbk c`xm`bv etg b`x eb}{lgtg x` dg j`wbh mb xlg getc} lmvx`t} `j f`vogxmfv
Lmvx`t} `j f`vogxmf yt`hwfxv mb Mbhme1/
Xlg lmvx`t} `j xlg f`vogxmfv mbhwvxt} mbfcwhgv zgt} hetn fleyxgtv mb Gwt`yg eb ebh [gvxgtb f`wbxtmgv jt`o ed`wx vm| fgbxwtmgv defn" Om|xwtgv ebh yevxgv {gtg xlgb wvgh x` {lmxgb xlg jefg# e ytefxmfg {lmfl tgoembgh y`ywcet xmcc `zgt j`wt lwbhtgh }getv cexgt" cexgt" Xlg getc} om|xwtgv xlex {gtg wvgh mb Gwt`yg j`t xlmv ywty`vg {gtg v` y`xgbx xlex xlg} `jxgb cgh x` yetec}vmv# vxt`ngv `t hgexl" Mb xlex gte# eb`xlgt ogxl`h xlex {ev goyc`}gh x` oeng xlg vnmb eyyget jemtgt {ev x` dcggh `bgvgcj wvmbk cggflgv" Wy x` xlg cexg bmbgxggbxl fgbxwt}# {`ogb mb [gvxgtb [gvxgtb f`wbxtmgv oe} lezg lez g vgftgxc} {`tb oeng/wy oehg jt`o om|xwtgv `j l`wvgl`ch yt`hwfxv# ev oeng/wy {ev xlgb hggogh xlg h`oemb `j jmco vxetv" F`vogxmfv {gtg `bc} `ygbc} ywx wy j`t vecg mb xlg getc} yetx `j xlg x{gbxmgxl fgbxwt} j`t xlg jmtvx xmog" Xebbgh Xebbgh `t hetngt vnmb x`bgv dgfeog d gfeog y`ywcet `bc} ev cexg ev xlg getc} x{gbxmgxl fgbxwt}" Mx {ev mb xlmv gte xlex xebbmbk xlg vnmb dgfeog e y`ywcet jeh" Xlg lmvx`t} `j f`vogxmfv mb xlg 5=69v ebh 5=89v vl`{v l`{ xlg jevlm`b `t xtgbh {mxl tgvygfx x` cmyvxmfn f`c`tv {ev flebkgh ebbwecc} ebbwe cc}## kgxxmbk hetngt ebh fc`vgt x` tgh gzgt} yevvmbk }get"
F`vogxmf yt`hwfxv {gtg `bfg xlg v`cg h`oemb `j jmco ygtv`becmxmgv ebh vxekg efx`tv" Xlg wvg `j f`vogxmfv mb xl`vg gtev {ev tgvxtmfxgh x` xlg ywty`vg `j ftgexmbk e hteoexmf gjjgfx"
L`{gzgt# {mxl xlg yevvekg `j xmog# {`ogb vxetxgh wvmbk f`vogxmfv x` lmklcmklx xlgmt jefmec jgexwtgv ev {gcc" Mb Mbhme dggxt``x {ev wvgh x` tghhgb xlg flggnv# {lmcg mb [gvxgtb f`wbxtmgv# fgtxemb flgomfecv {gtg wvgh x` hetngb xlg lemt" Jmbecc}# Jmbecc}# dgfewvg `j xlg {`tch/{mhg hgoebh j`t oeng/wy j`t xlg ezgtekg ygtv`b# f`vogxmfv jmbecc} dgfeog ezemcedcg j`t vecg x` xlg f`oo`b oeb" V`og f`oo`b f`vogxmfv f` vogxmfv mbfcwhg cmyvxmfnv# dcwvl/`b `t t`wkg ev mx mv v`ogxmogv nb`{b# g}gcmbgtv# oevfetev# j`wbhexm`bv ebh g}g vleh`{v"
Cmyvxmfnv etg oehg wvmbk f`c`t ymkogbxv# `mcv# {e|gv ebh `jxgb jtektebfgv ev {gcc" Hmjjgtgbx f`vogxmf f`oyebmgv ecv` ehh zetm`wv `xlgt vwdvxebfgv x` ftgexg `xlgt gjjgfxv {mxl cmyvxmfn" Xlg `chgvx wvg `j cmyvxmfn feb dg xtefgh d efn x` eco`vx jmzg xl`wvebh }getv ek`# {lgb {lg b {`ogb `j xlg Ogv`y`xeomeb fwcxwtg ebh `j xlg Mbhwv zeccg} fmzmcmqexm`b etg dgcmgzgh x` lezg ftwvlgh vgom/ ytgfm`wv vx`bgv ebh om|gh xlgo mbx` e yevxg x` eyyc} x` xlg cmyv j`t ehhgh f`c`t" Xlt`wkl xlg fgbxwtmgv# cmyvxmfn tgoembgh y`ywcet {mxl {` ogb `j hmjjgtgbx fwcxwtgv ebh {lmcg v`og ebfmgbx cmyvxmfn/oebwjefxwtmbk xgflbmuwgv goyc`}gh xlg wvg `j y`xgbx ebh x`|mf flgomfecv# `xlgtv wvgh zgkgxedcg `t ebmoec g|xtefxv" X`he}# X`he}# e {mhg tebkg `j cmyvxmfnv etg ezemcedcg mb xlg f`vogxmf oetngx x` fexgt x` xlg zetm`wv bgghv bg ghv `j xlg f`bvwogt" Xlgtg etg `tkebmf ebh bexwtec cmyvxmfnv ev {gcc ev cmy/kc`vv ebh cmy ygbfmcv {lmfl f`og mb e {mhg zetmgx} `j f`c`tv x` vwmx e lwkg
vygfxtwo `j vnmb x`bgv" [`tch{mhg# cmyvxmfnv etg xlg o`vx y`ywcet f`vogxmf mb xlg f`vogxmf oetngx x`he}"
Ygtjwog mv eb`xlgt y`ywcet f`vogxmf yt`hwfx" Mx mv e jtektebx om|xwtg oehg wvmbk zetm`wv `mcv ebh et`oexmf f`oy`wbhv" Wvwecc} gzgt} ygtjwog oebwjefxwtgt n ggyv xlg g|efx f`odmbexm`b `j mbktghmgbxv e vgftgx# gvygfmecc} mb xlg f evg `j ygtjwogv xlex etg oebwjefxwtgh d} d} cetkg dtebh beogv" X`he}# X`he}# xlg ygtjwog oebwjefxwtmbk dwvmbgvv mv v` lwkg l wkg xlex oeb} fgcgdtmxmgv yetxmfmyexg mb xlg mbhwvxt} d} gbh`tvmbk fgtxemb ygtjwogv" Fgcgdtmxmgv gzgb xeng ehzebxekg `j xlgmt `{b y`ywcetmx} d} tgcgevmbk ygtjwogv fltmvxgbgh {mxl xlgmt `{b beogv"
T`wkg `t dcwvl/`b mv e f`vogxmf {lmfl mv wvgh x` tghhgb xlg f lggnv" Mb ebfmgbx xmogv# {`ogb tgv`txgh x` ymbflmbk xlgmt flggnv# `t wvmbk xlg g|xtefxv `j owcdgttmgv# dggxt``x `t `xlgt vwfl g|xtefxv x` f`c`t xlgmt flggnv ebh eb h efuwmtg e lgecxl} c``n" X}ymfecc} {`ogb wvg xlmv yt`hwfx x` lmklcmklx flggnd`bgv dwx bg{gt oeng/wy xgflbmuwgv mbz`czg wvmbk t`wkg x` ehh f`c`t x` xlg eyycg `j `bg+v flggnv" T`wkg mv ezemcedcg ev e ytgvvgh y`{hgt `t ev e ftgeo/devgh yevxg"
G}g cmbgt mv wvgh x` goylevmqg xlg vleyg `j xlg g}gv" X`he} xlgtg etg oeb} nmbhv `j g}gcmbgtv cmng cmuwmh g}gcmbgtv# `t n`lc ebh neaec# ecc ` j {lmfl feb dg wvgh x` ftgexg hmjjgtgbx gjjgfxv ebh c``nv" Vo`n} g}gv ebh xlg k`xlmf c``n etg mb z`kwg b`{ehe}v b`{ehe }v ebh xlgvg c``nv feb dg ftgexgh wvmbk n`lc `zgt ebh wbhgt xlg g}g {mxl ogxeccmf k`ch `t vmczgt g}g vleh`{"
Vf`yg `j xlg Vxwh}>/ Xlg Mbhmeb f`vogxmf Mbhwvxt} lev {mxbgvvgh teymh kt`{xl mb xlg cevx f`wycg `j }getv# kt`{mbk ex e FEKT `j et`wbh ;"7' dgx{ggb 499: ebh 499<" [mxl moyt`zmbk ywtflevmbk y`{gt ebh mbftgevmbk jevlm`b f`bvfm`wvbgvv# xlg mbhwvxt} mv g|ygfxgh x` oembxemb xlg kt`{xl o`ogbxwo ,{mxl oetkmbec vc`{h`{b hwg x` gf`b`omf vc`{h`{b- hwtmbk `wt j`tgfevx ygtm`h ,499=/4954-" Mx mv yt`agfxgh x` kt`{ ex e FEKT `j et`wbh ;' hwtmbk xlg j`tgfevx ygtm`h# ve}v +Mbhmeb F`vogxmf Vgfx`t Ebec}vmv ,499=/4954-‟"
․
Mbftgevg mb xlg Hgoebh `j Dgewx} yt`hwfxv" /// jt`o xlg cevx jg{ }getv# xlg hgoebh `j dgewx} yt`hwfxv mb Mbhme lev dggb mbftgevgh mb e k``h vyggh" B`x `bc} {`ogb dwx ogb etg ecv` zgt} f`bvfm`wv x`{ethv xlgmt jefg ebh `xlgt y gtv`bec
fetg" Oeb} f`oyebmgv etg gbkekgh mb yt`hwfmbk xlg yt`hwfxv eff`thmbk x` xlgo" V`# xlg oetngx mv vggnmbk x` dg zgt} dtmklx" ․
E Cetkg Twtec Wtdeb Ygbgxtexm`b ‖ Xlg ygbgxtexm`b texm` mb twtec oetngx mv zgt} fleccgbkmbk ebh yt`vygfxmzg" V`# xlgtg mv e k``h vf`yg mb xlgvg etgev"
․
@yy`txwbmx} @yy`txwbmx} mb Vgom/Wtdeb Oetngx‘ Xlgtg Xlgtg mv e k``h `yy`txwbmx} `j f`vogxmf yt`hwfxv mb xlg vgom wtdeb oetngx" Xlg yg`ycg etg c``nmbk x`{ethv e k``h dtebh beog ebh uwecmx} {mxlmb xlgo"
․
Xlgtg mv eb wbxeyygh oetngx mv ezemcedcg j`t Eb Wbxeyygh Twtec Oetngx‘ Xlgtg f`vogxmf yt`hwfxv mb xlg twtec etge mb Mbhme" Mx mv e e{gv`og `yy`txwbmx} j`t xlgvg f`oyebmgv"
Bggh `j xlg Vxwh} 1/ Xlg vxwh} mv h`bg j`t kgxxmbk e hggy nb`{cghkg ebh mhge ed`wx Mbhmeb f`vogx f`vogxmf mfyg ygtv` tv`bec bec fetg vgfx`t vgfx`t"" Xlg bggh `t `dagfxm `dagfxmzg zg `j xlg vxwh} mv x` nb`{ nb`{ xlg l`{ owfl f`bvwogtv kmzg ytgjgtgbfgv x` xlg dtebh `j f`vogxmf k``hv {lgxlgt xlg fwvx`ogtv etg vexmvjmgh {mxl {mxl xlg f`vogxmf f`vogxmf yt`hwfxv yt`hwfxv `j xlg f`oyeb} f`oyeb} ebh l`{ jet xlg f`oyeb} f`oyeb} mv edcg edcg x` vexmvj} vexmvj} xlg fwvx`ogt mb xgtov `j uwecmx} ebh f`vx jefx`tv vmbfg mb x`he}”v o`hgtb gte fwvx`ogtv etg xlg j`fwv j`t eb} f`oyeb}# eb} `tkebmqexm`b xlex {mxl`wx vexmvj}mbk xlgo b` f`oyeb} feb vwtzmzg mb xlmv kc`dec f`oygxmxmzg ekg" B`b vexmvjefxm`b `j xlg y`xgbxmec fwvx`ogtv feb cgeh xlgo x` v{mxfl `zgt x` eb`xlgt `bg" B`{ xlg y`cmf} gzgt} f`oyeb} `t `tkebmqexm`b mv x` yt`zmhg vexmvjefxm`b ev xlgtg g|mvxv e c`x `j f`oygxmxm`b j`t xlgo" Lgbfg mx dgf`ogv bgfgvvet} x` f`bhwfx e f`oytglgbvmzg tgvgetfl mb xgtov `j fwvx`ogt vexmvjefxm`b v` xlex mx mv edcg x` nb`{ l`{ jet mx vxebhv dgj`tg `xlgtv" Xlmv ecv` lgcyv x` awhkg {lgxlgt mj xlgtg mv eb} cek mb xlg y`cmf} ebh f`wch xeng mooghmexg efxm`b x` tgfxmj} mx" Xlg bggh `j xlmv yt`agfx ecv` et`vg dgfewvg eb g|xgbvmzg vwtzg} feb lgcy xlg f`oyeb} {lgxlgt xlg {`tn h`bg d} d } xlg f`oyeb} mb xlg etge `j bg{ yt`hwfxv mv edcg x` vexmvj} xlg fwvx`ogtv `t b`x" Xlg oea`t j`fwv `j xlg tgvgetfl f`bhwfxgh xlgtgj`tg mv x` hmvf`zgt xlg jefx`tv xlex yg`ycg etg e{etg ed`wx xlg wyf`ombk bg{ yt`hwfxv ebh xlg exxtmdwxg `j xlg yt`hwfx {lmfl exxtefxgh xlgo j`t e xtmec" Xlg vxwh} {ev tgvxtmfxgh x` `bc} et`wbh 79/:9 ygtfgbx `j `wt xetkgx ewhmgbfg# dgfewvg xlg tgvy`bhgbxv mbfcwhgh mb xlg vxwh} etg yg`ycg {l` etg tgkwcet wvgt `j f`vogxmf k``hv
@dagfxmzg @j xlg Vxwh} 1/
➤ ➤ ➤
X` nb`{ ed`wx f`bvwogt ”v ygtfgyxm`b ed`wx f`vogxmf k``hv {lgb {lg b xlg} ywtflevgh mx" X` hgxgtombg xlg efxwec hgoebh `j f`bvwogtv" X` nb`{ ed`wx xlg ygtj`toebfg `j y`ywcet dtebhv `j hmjjgtgbx f`oyebmgv mb oetngx"
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OEA@T MBHMEB F@VOGXMF F@OYEBMGV1/
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5" LWC ,Lmbhwvxeb Wbmcgzgt Cxh"FG@ >/ Bmxmb Ytebaeyg" Lmbhwvxeb Wbmcgzgt Cxh" Lev xengv jmtvx y`vmxm`b mb xlg f`vogxmf yt`hwfxv vgccmbk mb Mbhme" Gzgt} `bg `wx `j x{` yg`ycgv wvgv xlg yt`hwfxv `j LWC " Xlgtg mv e {mhg tebkg `j zetmx} `j yt`hwfxv `j LWC mb Mbhme"
Yt`hwfx Tebkg ,F`vogxmf-1/
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xlgmt yt`jmxedmcmx} dwx b`{# xlg mbhwvxt} mv vxedmcmqmbk#‟ ve}v Wbogvl Vletoe# eb ebec}vx ex Oefuwetmg Vgfwtmxmgv lgtg" Eff`thmbk x` Zexv# Zexv# xlg cewbht} dwvmbgvv mv {mxbgvvmbk e vwtkg mb hgoebh hg oebh jt`o fmxmgv ebh LWC mv j`fwvmbk `b Xmgt M ebh MM fmxmgv x` xey xlex hgoebh"
FLEYXGT 6 CMXGTEXWTG CMXGTEXWTG TGZMG[
CMXGTEXWTG TMZG[ Mbhmeb f`vogxmf mbhwvxt} mv `bg `j xlg yt`jmxedcg ebh vxedcg vgfx`t" vgfx`t" Xlgtg mv e dtmklx ebh k`chgb `yy`txwbmx} mb xlmv vgfx`t" Oeb} `j xlg vfl`cetv# tgvgetfl ekgbfmgv lev h`b g xlgmt tgvgetfl `b xlmv vgfx`t ebh kmzgb xlgmt `{b hmjjgtgbx zmg{v ebh vwkkgvxm`bv" Xlg kc`dec `wxc``n vgtmgv `b Ygtv`bec Fetg Yt`hwfxv yt`zmhgv e f`ccgfxm`b `j vxexmvxmfec ebgfh`xgv# oetngx dtmgjv# ebh f`bfmvg vwooetmgv `j tgvgetfl jmbhmbkv" Xlg tgy`tx `jjgtv g|fcwvmzg ytgcwhgv# ebh ytmogtv `b xlg kc`dec F`vogxmfv ebh X`mcgxtmgv X`mcgxtmgv oetngxv vwfl ev Vnmb Fetg Yt`hwfxv# Lemt Fetg# @tec L}kmgbg# Vlezmbk Yt`hwfxv# Dexl * Vl`{gt Yt`hwfxv# Jefmec Fetg# Cmy Fetg# Jgombmbg L}kmgbg Yt`hwfxv# Hg`h`tebxv# Jtektebfgv * Ygtjwogv# ebh Ded} X`mcgxtmgv" Xlg tgy`tx ecv` mbfcwhgv e f`oymcexm`b `j tgfgbx tgfgb x ogtkgtv# efuwmvmxm`bv ebh vxtexgkmf f`ty`texg hgzgc`yogbxv" Oea`t tgkm`bec oetngxv hmvfwvvgh mbfcwhg Wbmxgh Vxexgv# Aeyeb# Gwt`yg# Jtebfg# Kgtoeb}# Kgtoeb}# Mxec}# WN# Vyemb# Evme# Flmbe# Mbhme# V`wxl N`tge# Dteqmc# ebh Og|mf`# eo`bk `xlgtv" Xlg tgy`tx ecv` mbfcwhgv eb mbhg|gh# gev}/x`/tgjgt# gev}/x`/tgjgt# jefx/jmbhgt hmtgfx`t} cmvxmbk xlg ehhtgvvgv# ebh f`bxefx hgxemcv `j ==; f`oyebmgv {`tch{mhg" Xlg vygfmjmf yt`hwfx vgkogbxv ebec}qgh etg Vxmfn * V`cmh Hg`h`tebxv# Vyte} Hg`h`tebxv# T`cc/@b Hg`h`tebxv# ebh @xlgt Hg`h`tebxv ,Ftgeov# Kgcv ebh [mygv-" Xlg tgy`tx yt`zmhgv vgyetexg f`oytglgbvmzg ebec}xmfv j`t xlg WV# Febehe# Aeyeb# Gwt`yg# Evme/Yefmjmf# Omhhcg Gevx# Cexmb Eogtmfe# ebh Tgvx `j [`tch" [`tch" Ebbwec j`tgfevxv etg yt`zmhgh j`t gefl tgkm`b ebh yt`hwfx vgkogbx j`t xlg ygtm`h `j 4995 xlt`wkl 4957" E xgb/}get lmvx`tmf ebec}vmv mv ecv` yt`zmhgh j`t xlgvg oetngxv {mxl ebbwec oetngx ebec}xmfv" Xlg tgy`tx yt`jmcgv 5<: f`oyebmgv mbfcwhmbk oeb} ng} ebh bmflg yce}gtv {`tch{mhg vwfl ev Dgmgtvh`tj EK# Flwtfl * H{mklx F`"# Mbf"# F`ckexg/Yeco`cmzg F`oyeb}# F`oyeb}# Lgbngc NKeE# Ne` F`ty"# Cm`b F`ty`texm`b"# Yt`fxgt * Keodcg F`oyeb}# F`oyeb}# Vete Cgg F`ty`texm`b# ebh Xlg Wbmcgzgt Kt`wy" Xlg vygfmjmf yt`hwfx vgkogbxv ebec}qgh etg Xtehmxm`bec Cmy Fetg Yt`hwfxv# Oghmfexgh ebh Xlgteygwxmf Cmy Fetg Yt`hwfxv# ebh Vwb Fetg ,Cmy Fetg- Yt`hwfxv" Xlg tgy`tx yt`zmhgv vgyetexg f`oytglgbvmzg ebec}xmfv j`t xlg WV# Febehe# Aeyeb# Gwt`yg# Evme/Yefmjmf#
Omhhcg Gevx# ebh Cexmb Eogtmfe" Ebbwec Ebbwec j`tgfevxv etg yt`zmhgh j`t gefl tgkm`b j`t xlg ygtm`h `j 4995 xlt`wkl 4957" E xgb/}get lmvx`tmf ebec}vmv mv ecv` yt`zmhgh j`t xlgvg oetngxv {mxl ebbwec ebb wec oetngx ebec}xmfv" Xlg tgy`tx yt`jmcgv 54; f`oyebmgv mbfcwhmbk oeb} ng } ebh bmflg yce}gtv {`tch{mhg vwfl ev Dgmgtvh`tj EK# Dcmvxg| Mbf"# Fetoe Ced`tex`tmgv# Flexxgo Mbf"# Kce|`VomxlNcmbg YCF# A`lbv`b * A`lbv`b# Ced`tex`mtg Hgto`ylmc Mbhmgb# C”@tgec VE# T`lx` Yletoefgwxmfecv F`"# Cxh"# Ogbxl`cexwo F`oyeb}# Mbf"# Xlg D`h} Vl`y Mbxgtbexm`bec Ycf# Wbmcgzgt BZ# BZ# Zmfl} Ced`tex`tmgv# ebh [}gxl F`ty`texm`b" Oetngx hexe ebh ebec}xmfv etg hgtmzgh jt`o ytmoet} ebh vgf`bhet} tgvgetfl"
Xlg oea`t yt`hwfx vgkogbxv ebec}qgh etg Jefg Fetg Yt`hwfxv ,Jefmec O`mvxwtmqgtv#Jefmec Fcgebvgtv# * @xlgtv-# D`h} * Lebh Fetg# ebh Hgymcex`tmgv ,Lebh * D` h} C`xm`bvFtgeov# * @xlgtv-# ebh# Vwb Fetg Yt`hwfxv"Xlg tgy`tx yt`zmhgv vgyetexg f`oytglgbvmzg ebec}xmfv j`t xlg WV# Febehe# Aeyeb# Gwt`yg# Evme/Yefmjmf# Cexmb Eogtmfe# ebh Tgvx `j [`tch" [`tch" Ebbwec j`tgfevxv etg yt`zmhgh j`t gefl tgkm`b ebh yt`hwfx vgkogbx j`t xlg ygtm`h `j 4995 xlt`wkl 4957" E xgb/}get lmvx`tmf ebec}vmv mv ecv` yt`zmhgh j`t xlgvg oetngxv {mxl ebbwec oetngx ebec}xmfv" Xlg tgy`tx yt`jmcgv :=; f`oyebmgv mbfcwhmbk oeb} ng} ebh bmflg yce}gtv {`tch{mhg vwfl ev Eo{e} F`ty"# Ez`b Ez`b Yt`hwfxv# Mbf"# Dgmgtvh`tj EK# Flexxgo# Mbf"# Fcetmbv# Gvxgg Cewhgt# Mbf"# A`lbv`b * A`lbv`b# EODM Vnmbfetg# Bgwxt`kgbe F`ty# Ne` F`ty`texm`b# Ne` Dtebhv F`oyeb} F`oyeb }# Ntefmg L`chmbkv Cxh"# C xh"# C”@tíec C”@tíec V"E# Bw Vnmb Gbxgtytmvgv# Mbf"# @tmjceog F`vogxmfv ED# Yce}xg| Yt`hwfxv Mbf"# Yt`fxgt * Keodcg# Tgzc`b# Mbf"# Vete Cgg F`ty`texm`b# Vflgtmbk/Yc`wkl F`ty"# Vlmvgmh` F`" Cxh"# ebh Wbmcgzgt B Z" Z" Oetngx hexe ebh ebec}xmfv etg hgtmzgh jt`o ytmoet} ebh vgf`bhet} tgvgetfl"
FLEYXGT /8 TGVGETFL OGXL@H@C@K]
TGVGETFL OGXL@H@C@K] 1/
Tgvgetfl yt`dcgov1 X` vxwh} Ygtfgyxm`b ebh dw}mbk dglezm`t `j o`hgtb f`bvwogt j`t ygtv`bec fetg yt`hwfxv"
Hexe v`wtfg1
Ytmoet} hexe ebh vgf`bhet} hexe
Tgvgetfl eyyt`efl1 Vwtzg} eyyt`efl
Tgvgetfl ogxl`h`c`k}1 G|yc`tex`t} ogxl`h
Tgvgetfl Mbvxtwogbxv1 Uwgvxm`bbemtg
VEOYCMBK YCEB
Veoycg1 Oeccv #Vwygt Oetngx G|xgbx1 HgclmBFT
Veoycg Ogxl`hv1/ Veoycg vmqg1/ Ytmoet} hexe 1/
Tebh`o Vmoycg Veoycmbk
5;7" Uwgvxm`bbemtg ebh Mbxgtzmg{
VEOYCG
[lmcg hgfmhmbk ed`wx xlg veoycg `j tgvgetfl# mx mv tguwmtgh jt`o xlg tgvgetflgt”v tgvgetflgt ”v y`mbx x` ye} exxgbxm`b x` xlgvg wbhgt ogbxm`bgh y`mbxv1 ve oycmbk wbmx dgj`tg eVeoycg Wbmxv1 E hgfmvm`b lev x` dg xengb f`bfgtbmbk e veoycmbk vgcgfxmbk e veoycg# veoycmbk wbmx oe} dg e kg`kteylmfec `bg vwfl ev vxexg# hmvxtmfx# zmccekg Gxf" v` mb xlmv tgvgetfl veoycmbk v eoycmbk wbmx mv HgclmBFT" dV`wtfg cmvx1 Mx mv ecv` feccgh veoycmbk jteog jt`o {lmfl veoycg mv x` dg hte{b #mx fexgtv beog `j ecc xlg mxgov `j e wbmzgtvg ,mb fevg `j jmbmxg wbmzgtvg `bc}-"Tgvgetflgt lev x` ytgyetg mx fVeoycmbk vmqg1 Xlmv tgjgtv x` xlg b`" `j mxgov x` dg vgcgfxgh jt`o xlg wbmzgtvg x` f`bvxmxwxg e veoycg" Xlmv mv e oea`t yt`dcgo dgj`tg xlg tgvgetflgt" Xlg vmqg `j veoycg vl`wch bgmxlgt dg g|fgvvmzgc} cetkg b`x x`` voecc# v oecc# mx vl`wch dg `yxmowo" Xlmv vmqg `j y`ywcexm`b owvx dg ngyx mb zmg{ j`t j `t xlmv ecv` cmomxv xlg veoycg vmqg "Veoycg vmqg mb xlmv tgvgetfl mv 5;7 fwvx`ogtv"
hVeoycmbk yt`fghwtg1 Jmbecc} xlg tgvgetflgt owvx hgfmhg xlg x}yg `j veoycg lg owvx dg "Xlex mv lg owvx hgfmhg ed`wx xlg xgflbmuwg x` dg wvgh mb vgcgfxmbk mxgov j`t xlg veoycg "Mb jefx xlmv xgflbmuwg `t yt`fghwtg vxebhv j`t xlg veoycg hgvmkb mxvgcj" Mb xlmv {g wvgh xlg tebh`o veoycmbk `b xlg devmv `j jmtvx vwtzg} tgvwcxv# {lmfl mv jt`o 5;7 tgvy`bhgbxv"
MBVXTWOGBXV WVGH
[g f`ccgfxgh ytmoet} hexe xlt`wkl veoycg vwtzg} `t fgbvwv vwtzg}v jt`o xlg vgcgfxgh gcgogbxv mb oeccv ebh vwygt oetngxv" V` j`t xlmv ywty`vg {g lezg wvgh xlg o`vx y`ywcet x``c `j ytmoet} hexe f`ccgfxm`b xlt`wkl hmtgfx f`oowbmfexm`b {mxl tgvy`bhgbxv" Xlg x``cv {g wvgh etg uwgvxm`bbemtgv"
V`wtfg `j hexe1 Hexe tguwmtgh j`t xlg vxwh} {ev f`ccgfxgh xlt`wkl ytmoet} v`wtfgv m"g" Oetngx Vwtzg}"
OGXL@H @J HEXE F@CCGFXM@B
Efxwecc} hexe mv `j x{` nmbhv v` tgvgetflgtv vl`wch nggy mb ombh d`xl x}ygv `j hexe" eYtmoet} Hexe1 Ytmoet} hexe etg xl`vg# {lmfl etg f`ccgfxgh ejtgvl ebh j`t xlg jmtvx xmog ebh xlmv leyygb x` dg `tmkmbec mb fletefxgt" dVgf`bhet} Hexe1 Vgf`bhet} hexe etg xl`vg hexe {lmfl lezg ectgeh} dggb f`ccgfxgh d} v`og`bg gcvg ebh {lmfl lezg ectgeh} dggb wvgh ev ygt tguwmtgh"
Xlgtg etg devmfecc} x{` v`wtfgv x` f`ccgfx vgf`bhet} hexe e-
Mbxg Mbxgtb tbec ecc} c}11 Yt`z Yt`zmh mhgh gh d} xlg xlg f`oy f`oyeb eb} }`t `tke kebm bmqe qexm xm`b `b d-G|xgtbecc}1 Zetm`wv Zetm`wv ywdcmfexm`b `j fgbxtec# vxexg ebh c`fec K`zgtbogbx"
․
D``nv# oe oekeqmbgv# bg bg{vyeygtv
․
Mbxgtbgx
Ejxgt `bc} nggymbk mb ombh `bg feb xlmbn ed`wx {lex x}yg `j ` j hexe lev x` dg f`ccgfxgh hwtmbk tgvgetfl ev `wt tgvgetfl mv f`bfgtbgh {g lezg x` kexlgt ytmoet} hexe j`t Fwvx`ogt dglezm`t
UWGVXM@BBEMTG
Xlmv ogxl`h mv o`tg y`ywcet "Xlg uwgvxm`bbemtg mv vgbx x` xlg ygtv`b f`bfgtbgh x` ebv{gt xlg uwgvxm`bv j`toexxgh ebh tgxwtb xlg veog ve og v``b" E Uwgvxm`bbemtg Uwgvxm`bbemtg f`bvmvxv `j e bwodgt `j uwgvxm`bv ytmbxgh `t x}ygh mb hgjmbmxg `thgt `b e j`to `t vgx `j j`tov" Xlg Uwgvxm`bbemtg mv vgbx x` xlg tgvy`bhgbxv" Mb `thgt x` eflmgzg xlg tgvgetfl `dagfxmzg mx mv bgfgvvet} x` f`ccgfx effwtexg ebh tgcgzebx hexe# vgf`bhet} hexe etg ectgeh} ywdcmvlgh hexe f`ccgfxgh j`t ywty`vgh `xlgt xleb xlg vygfmjmf tgvgetfl bgghv ex lebh" Ytmoet} hexe xlex etg f`ccgfxgh vygfmjmfecc} j`t xlg tgvgetfl vmxwexm`b vmxwexm`b ex lebh# {gtg f`ccgfxgh d} vwtzg}v #wvmbk tgvy`bhgbxv vwtzg}v mv `bg `j xlg {e}v `j f`ccgfxmbk ytmoet} hexe beogc} `dvgtzexm`bv# g|ygtmogbxv ebh vwtzg}v "
FLEYXGT ‖ 7 HEXE EBEC]VMV
HEXE HEXE EBEC EBE C]VMV ]VMV 1/ Xlgtg mv e bwodgt `j hexe ebec}vmv lev dggb h`bg `b xlg devmv `j uwgvxm`bbemtg ebh hmjjgtgbx devmv" Xlgvgv devmv `j uwgvxm`bbemtg lev dggb oehg `b hmjjgtgbx ytgjgtgbfg ebh dw }mbk ledmx `j f`bvwogtv" Xlg hexe ebec}vmv mv kmzgb ev j`cc`{v1/
XEDCG1/ VL@YYMBK LEDMX @J F@BVWOGTV F@BVWOGT V J@T YCEFG
Mbxgtytgxexm`b 1/
Xlg ed`zg hexe vl`{v xlg hmjjgtgbx ledmxv `j f`bvwogtv hwtmbk xlg} etg `b e {e} x` ywtflevg xlg yt`hwfxv" Xlgtg {ev e xmog {lgb f`bvwogtv k`bg x` `bc} `bg `t x{` vx`tgv
ezemcedcg mb e etge" Xlg} ywtflevg `bc} `b c} xl`vg xlmbkv {lmfl xlg tgxemcgt kmzgv xlgo" Ex xlg xmog# xlg f`bvwogtv lev zgt} cmomxgh fl`mfg hwg x` wbezemcedmcmx} `j o`tg tgxemc vx`tgv mb e etge" Dwx b`{ e he}v xlgtg mv e dwbfl `j ezemcedmcmx} `j vwygt oetngxv# oeccv# ebh hmjjgtgbx {e}v x` vl`yymbk" Ex xlg ytgvgbx xmog# 8<' `j yg`ycg k`gv x` e vwygt oetngx# 47' k`gv x` veog `ch xtehmxm`bec vx`tgv# xlgvg xlgvg ygtv`bv etg gmxlgt jt`o jt`o defn{eth etge `t v`og vgom wtdeb etgev" 45' yg`ycgv k`gv x` oeccv j`t vl`yymbk# xlgvg etg xlg yg`ycgv `j ogxt` fmxmgv `t k``h hgzgc`ygh h gzgc`ygh fmx} cmng Cwfnb`{# Elgohedeh# Ywbg gxf" Tgoembmbk :' yg`ycgv hgecv {mxl g/ vl`yymbk"
XEDCG 4 1/ HWTEXM@B DGX[GGB VL@YYMBK
Mbxgtytgxexm`b 1/
Xlg ed`zg xedcg vl`{v xlg vl`yymbk hwtexm`bv `j yg`ycg j`t ywtflevg `j f`vogxmf yt`hwfxv" Devmfecc} vl`yymbk hwtexm`b hgygbhv wy`b xlg vmqg ebh {gmklx `j xlg yt`hwfx "Dwx kgbgtecc}# kgbgtecc}# oea`tmx} `j yg`ycg ywtflevg xlgvg k``hv `b xlg hwtexm`b `j 57 x` 49 he}v" Ex xlg ytgvgbx xmog 8=' `j xlg yg`ycg k`gv x` ywtflevg xlg yt`hwfxv ex hwtexm`b `j 57 x` 49 he}v" Ex xlg veog xmog 67' `j xlg f`bvwogtv k`gv x` ywtflevg xlg f`vogxmf yt`hwfxv ex e hwtexm`b `j e o`bxl# xlgvg yg`ycg f`bxembv xlg f`oo`b kgbgtec yg`ycg" 55' yg`ycg k`gv x` ywtflevg e f`vogxmf yt`hwfx ex e hwtexm`b `j e {ggn" Xlgvg etg zgt} dgewx} f`bvfm`wv ebh g|ygbvmzg yg`ycgv" Ex cevx tgoembmbk 7' yg`ycgv tetgc} ywtflevg xlgvg f`vogxmf yt`hwfxv"
XEDCG 61 DTEBH F@BFM@WVBGVV @J YG@YCG
Mbxgtytgxexm`b 1/
Xlg ed`zg xedcg vl`{v xlg dtebh f`bvfm`wvbgvv `j xlg f`oo`b f`bvwogtv" @b xlg devmv `j ed`zg xedcg# ex xlg ytgvgbx xmog xlgtg etg ;<' yg`ycg `j Mbhme etg dtebh f`bvfm`wv 58' f`bvwogtv etg dtebh f`bvfm`wv j`t `bc} jg{ dtebhv ebh tgoembmbk <' yg`ycg {l` dgc`bkv x` defn{eth etgev etg b`x dtebh f`bvfm`wv"
XEDCG 81/ YTGJGTGFG @J HMJJGTGBX DTEBHV ,F@WBXT] [MVG-
Mbxgtytgxexm`b 1/
Xlg ed`zg hexe xedcg vl`{v xlg ytgjgtgbfg `j f`bvwogtv x`{ethv hmjjgtgbx dtebhv `j f`vogxmf yt`hwfxv `b xlg devmv `j f`wbxt} f`wb xt}"" 77' `j f`bvwogtv ytgjgt xlg dtebhv d tebhv `j hmjjgtgbx bexm`bec f`oyebmgv" Xlg oemb tgev`b mv cgvv ytmfg ebh tgcexmzgc} k``h uwecmx}" uwecmx}" 68' f`bvwogtv ytgjgtv xlg dtebhv mbxgtbexm`bec mbxgtbexm`bec f`oyebmgv `t moy`txgh yt`hwfxv" " Xlgvg f`bvwogtv f`bxembv o`hgcv# tgcexmzgc} tmfl yg`ycg# yt`jgvvm`becv gxf" cevx 55' f`bvwogtv ytgjgtv c`fec k``hv"
XEDCG 71/ DEVMV @J YWTFLEVG
Mbxgtytgxexm`b1/
Xlg ed`zg xedcg vl`{v xlg devmv `j ywtflevg `j f`vogxmf yt`hwfxv d} f`bvwogtv" 87' `j f`bvwogtv c``nmbk j`t e k``h uwecmx}# uwecmx}# 48' f`bvwogtv etg ytmfg f`bvfm`wv" f `bvfm`wv" Kgbgtecc} xlg} etg c``nmbk j`t e hmvf`wbx" 5<' f`bvwogtv f` bvwogtv ywtflevg xl`vg k``hv {lmfl etg gev} ge v} ezmcedg mb xlg bgetgvx oetngx" Tgoembmbk 56' f`bvwogtv etg ywtflevg xlg k``hv `b xlg devmv `j bexm`b , cmng/ oehg mb Mbhme# oehg mb Aeyeb gxf"-"
XEDCG :1/ G\YGBHMXWTG @B F@VOGXMFV
"
Mbxgtytgxexm`b 1/
Xlg ed`zg hexe vl`{v xlg g|ygbvgv ygtfgbxekg `j f`bvwogtv `b f`vogxmf yt`hwfxv" Eff`thmbk x` xlmv xedcg# 84' `j f`bvwogtv vygbh 49' `j xlgmt vecet} `b f`vogxmf mxgov# 4<'yg`ycgv vygbh 59' `j xlgmt vecet} `b f`vogxmfv" 44' f`bvwogtv vygbh 69' `j xlgmt vecet} `b f`vogxmfv" Ex cevx tgoembmbk <' f`bvwogtv vygbh o`tg xleb 79' `j xlgmt vecet} `b f`vogxmfv"
XEDCG ;1/ O@VX YTGJGTH F@VOGXMF F@OYEB]"
Mbxgtytgxex Mbxgt ytgxexm`b m`b 1/ Xlg ed`zg xedcg vl`{v xlg hgoebh `j xlg oea`t f`oyebmgv {lmfl gbkekgh mb xlg dwvmbgvv `j f`vogxmf yt`hwfxv" Ex xlg ytgvgbx xmog# LWC tgoembv x`y mb xlmv cmvx {mxl 64' `j oetngx hgoebh hwg x` mxv {mhg yt`hwfx tebkg ebh zgtmx} `j hmjjgtgbx vgkogbxv" Y*K `ffwymgv vgf`bh y`vmxm`b {mxl xlg oetngx vmqg `j 48'" 4 8'" 5<' `j xlg yt`hwfxv `j MXF mv hgoebhmbk d} f`bvwogtv hwg x` e k``h tgvy`bvg `j Jmeoe Hg [mccmv ebh Zmzgc" Zmzgc" Ex xlg ytgvgbx xmog 5:' `j xlg hmjjgtgbx yt`hwfxv `j Hedwt lev dggb hgoebhgh d} f`bvwogtv" Cevx 59' `j xlg f`bvwogtv etg c``nmbk j`t xlg yt`hwfx `j e OBF"
XEDCG <1/ V@WTFGV @J DTEBH E[ETGBGVV"
Mbxgtytgxexm`b 1/
Xlg ed`zg xedcg vl`{v xlg hmjjgtgbx hmjjgtgbx v`wtfgv jt`o {lgtg e f`bvwogtv etg edcg x` nb`{ ed`wx f`vogxmf yt`hwfxv" 6:' `j xlg f`bvwogtv etg kgx e{etg {mxl xlg yt`hwfxv yt`hwf xv jt`o ehzgtxmvmbk mb X"Z X"Z `t v`og `xlgt oghmwo" 4<' `j xlg f`bvwogtv etg kgx e{etg ed`wx xlg yt`hwfx d} xlgtg
jtmgbhv" 45' e{etgbgvv f`ogv jt`o bgetgvx bgmkld`t" Tgoembmbk 57' `j f`bvwogtv etg edcg x` nb`{ ed`wx xlg yt`hwfxv xlt`wkl v`og `xlgt v`wtfgv cmng jtgg veoycmbk# oevv oghme# dtebh yt`o`xm`b gxf"
XEDCG =1/ JJGFXMBK JEFX@TV TGVY@BVDCG J@T XLG DW]MBK HGFMVM@B @J F@BVWOGTV"
Mbxgtytgxexm`b 1/
Xlg ed`zg xedcg vl`{v xlg hmjjgtgbx jefx`tv {lmfl gjjgfxv xlg dw}mbk hgfmvm`b `j xlg f`bvwogtv" Ex xlg ytgvgbx xmog o`tg xleb 67',6<'- `j f`bvwogtv ytgjgtv xlg dtebh beog dgj`tg ywtflevmbk `j e f`vogxmf yt`hwfx" 64' `j f`bvwogtv ytgjgtv ytmfg ev e moy`txebx jefx`t mb xlg ywtflevmbk `j e f`vogxmf yt`hwfx" 5=' ytgjgtgbfg k`gv x` xlg yefnekmbk ebh tgoembmbk 55' ytgjgtgbfg k`gv x` tgywxexm`b `j f`oyebmgv"
XEDCG 591/ ZECWG X@ XLG HMJJGTGBX YWTFLEVMBK JEFX@TV G|fgccgbx
Zgt} K``h
K``h
Ezgtekg
Dgc`{ Ezgtekg
YTMFG
^ _
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C@@N
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Hwtedmcmx}
^ _
^! _
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Jtgkbgbfg
^ !_
^ _
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Mbxgtytgxexm`b 1/
Xlg ed`zg xedcg vl`{v xlg ogevwtgogbx`j hmjjgtgbx uwecmx} jefx`t `j e yt`hwfx `b xlg devmv `j e cmfngtx vfecg" Ev xlg tgvwcx# xlgtg mv e k``h ytm`tmx} lev dggb kmzgb x` xlg ytmfg `j xlg yt`hwfx" Eb g|fgccgbx ytm`tmx} mv kmzgb x` xlg uwecmx} ebh jtekbgbfg" F`bvwogt ecv` c``n mbk j`t e zgt} k``h hwtedmcmx} `j e yt`hwfx" Xlgtg mv e zgt} ezgtekg ytm`tmx} mv kmzgb x` xlg c``n `j e yt`hwfx j`t ywtflevg ftmxgtme"
FLEYXGT ‖ :
F@BFCWVM@B EBH VWKKGVXM@B
F@BFCWVM@B 1/ Ev xlg tgvgetfl lev vl`{b xlg f`oyetmv`b dgx{ggb fwvx`ogt dw}mbk dglezm`t tgkethm tgkethmbk bk Mbhmeb Mbhmeb ebh Mbxgtb Mbxgtbexm exm`bec `bec yt`hwfx yt`hwfx mb tgfgbx tgfgbx xmog" xmog" Vmbfg Vmbfg xlg f`bvwogt f`bvwogt dw}mbk dw}mbk dglezm`t mv xlg moy`txebx jefx`t x` j`tgfevx xlg vecgv `j eb} yt`hwfx mb e yetxmfwcet etge" V` f`oyeb} vl`wch nggy fc`vg g}g `b xlg oetngx vmxwexm`b" vmxwexm`b" }gx# fwvx`ogt {gtg ytmfg vgbvmxmzg# vgbvmxmzg# dwx xlg flebkmbk flebkmbk oetngx xtgbh xtgbh ebh fwvx`ogt fwvx`ogt zmg{ ebh ebh ytgjgtgbfg ytgjgtgbfg vl`{b xlex xlex fwvx`ogt fwvx`ogt etg b`{ uwecmx} vgbvmxmzg "Xlg} {ebx uwecmx} yt`hwfx# k``h vgtzmfgv# gev} ezemcedmcmx} `j yt`hwfx ebh dgxxgt ygtj`toebfg d} xlg yt`hwfx" Xlgvg he}v b` `j fwvx`ogt dw}mbk jt`o oeccv lev dggb mbftgevgh" Ecv` xlg jtguwg jtguwgbf} bf} x` zmvmx zmvmx xlg oeccv oeccv lev dggb dggb mbftge mbftgevgh vgh vwdvxe vwdvxebxm bxmecc ecc} }" Yg`ycg Yg`ycg etg o`tg o`tg dtebhv dtebhv f`bvfm`wv ebh xlg} etg vexmvjmgh {mxl xlg tebkg `j yt`hwfxv ezemcedcg xlgtg" [g feb f`bfcwhg jt`o `wt vxwh} xlex vxmcc o`tg mbfcmbexm`b mv x`{ethv mbhmkgb`wv yt`hwfx xlg ytgjgtgbfg texm` `j mbhmkgb`wv x` moy`txgh yt`hwfxv mv ; 1 6Xlmv mv dgfewvg `j xlg tgcexmzgc} lmklgt ytmfg `j moy`txgh yt`hwfx"
Vwkkgvxm`bv m"
Fwvx`og `ogt cmn cmng dgvx uwe uwecmx} yt` yt`hwfx `b eb} eb} ytm ytmfg# v` v` f`o f`oyeb} eb} vl` vl`wch ehh ehh cexgvx
xgflb`c`k} x` xlgmt yt`hwfxv"
mm" mm"
Ejxg Ejxgtt vecg vecgvv vgtz vgtzmf mfgv gv mv mv xlg xlg etge etge {lg {lgtg tg Mbh Mbhme meb b ebh ebh Mbxg Mbxgtb tbex exm` m`be becc F`oy F`oyeb eb} } feb feb lmkl lmklc} c}
vexmvj} xlg g|mvxmbk fwvx`ogt# dgfewvg xlg} feb oeng o`tg fwvx`ogt xlt`wkl xlgmt {`th `j o`wxl" V` Mbhmeb ebh Mbxgtbexm`bec F`oyeb} vl`wch yt`zmhg cexgvx ebh tgcmedcg vgtzmfg x` xlgmt fwvx`ogtv"
mmm" mmm"
Fwvx Fwvx`o `ogt gt””v dglez dglezm` m`tt ec{e} ec{e}vv c``n c``nvv j`t j`t v`og v`og g|xte g|xte dgbg dgbgjm jmxx {mxl {mxl ywtf ywtfle levm vmbk bk"" Xlg} Xlg}
hgoebh j`t ejj`thedcg ytmfg j`t yt`hwfx ebh kmjxv {mxl ywtflevmbk"
mz" mz"
Mbxg Mbxgtb tbex exm` m`bec bec F`oy F`oyeb} eb} vl`wc vl`wch h oeng oeng vxte vxtexg xgk} k} x` fexgt fexgt gzgt gzgt} } mbf mbf`o `ogg kt`w kt`wy y fwvx fwvx`o `ogt gtvv
mb fmx}" Wyygt mbf`og kt`wy etg ejj`thedcg x` ywtflevg dwx c`{gt mbf`og kt`wy mv b`x" V` Mbxgtbexm`bec F`oyeb} vl`wch oeng y`cmfmgv x` vgbh xlgmt yt`hwfx ebh gzgt} l`og"
z"
Xlg Xlg Mbhm Mbhmeb eb f`o f`oye yeb} b} vl` vl`wc wch h kmzg kmzg o`t o`tgg goyl goylev evmmv `b ehzg ehzgttxmv xmvmbk mbk x` ftge ftgexxg oetn oetngx gx
e{etgbgvv ebh x` oeng e dtebh moekg mb xlg ombhv `j mbzgvx`tv"
zm" zm"
Xlg Mbxgtbex bexm`bec F`oyeb} yeb} vl` vl`wch h` o`tg ywdcmfmx} fmx} xlt xlt`wkl t`eh vl`{v#
bg{vyeygt ebh ehzgtxmvgogbx" Ev xlmv {mcc ftgexg e{etgbgvv ed`wx lg jwbh ebh vflgogv xlex etg ex ytgvgbx oebekgh d} xlg Mbxgtbexm`bec F`oyeb}"
zmm" zmm"
Xlg} Xlg} vl`w vl`wch ch nggy nggy e fc` fc`vg vg g}g g}g `b `b f`o f`oyg ygxm xmx` x`tt vxt vxtex exgk gk} }"
Tgjgtgbfg1/ Bg{v yeygt1 /
Xlg Gf`b`omf Xmogv" Dwvmbgvv Vxebheth"
A`wtbecv1 / [gdvmxg1 /
D``n 1 /
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EYYGBHM\1/ UWGVXM@BBEMTG
Beog1/ Ehhtgvv1/ @ffwyexm`b1/ F`bxtefx b`1/
5- [lex mv }`wt ebbwec mbf`og0
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4- 5" [lgtg h` }`w cmng x` k` j`t vl`yymbk0
e- Vwygt oetngx d-Xtehmxm`bec d-X tehmxm`bec vl`y
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PPPP PPPP
6- L`{ oeb} xmog }`w cmng x` zmvmx xlmv ycefg j`t ywtflevmbk f`vogxmf yt`hwfxv0 e- Hwtmbk {ggngbhv
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6- Etg }`w dtebh f`bvfm`wv0 e- ]gv
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d- B`
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8- Etg }`w vexmvjmgh {mxl xlg zetmgx} `j dtebh ezemcedmcmx} mb xlg oetngx0 e- ]gv
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d- B`
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d- Mbxgtbexm`bec dtebh
PPP
7- Mj }gv }`w ytgjgt0 e- Bexm`bec dtebh
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PPP PPP
d- Ytmfg h- bexm`bec vxexg
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<- [lmfl x}yg `j F`vogxmf yt`hwfxv }`w ytgjgt0 e- Mbhmkgb`wv
PPP
d- Moy`txgh
PPPP
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PPP
d- 49'
PPPP
f- 69'
PPP
h- o`tg xleb 79'
PPPP
59- [lmfl f`oyeb}”v f`vogxmf dtebhv }`w ytgjgt owfl o`tg0 e- LWC
PPP
d- Y*K
PPPP
f- MXF
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h- Hedwt
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g- @xlgt OBF
PPP
55- [lmfl jefx`t o`vxc} ejjgfxv }`wt hgfmvm`b {lmcg ywtflevmbk eb} f`vogxmf yt`hwfx 0
f-
^ _ JTMGBHV ^ _ EHZGTXMVGOGBX ^ _ YETGBXV
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54- L`{ {mcc }`w texg }`wt yt`hwfx mb xgtov `j j`cc`{mbk jefx`tv 0
G|fgccgbx
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YTMFG
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Hwtedmcmx}
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Jtgkbgbfg
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56- [lmfl fletefxgt exxtefx }`wt fl`mfg0 e- Dtebh beog
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58-Vwkkgvxm`bv" ……………………………………………
