People v. Doctolero
G.R. No. 114343, December 28, 1995 Panganiban, J. / kmd SUJ!"# $%##!R& Per'on' crimina(() (iab(e* %ccom+(ice' "%S! SU$$%R& -n i' ca'e, 0doico Doco(ero ad an enconer i $arcia( and $aria Sagn, %nonio and 0o(ia iedo. -n i' aem+ o e'ca+e, 0doico 'rck 0o(ia iedo i bo(o ic ca'ed er dea. 0aer on, i(e rnning oard' i' o'e, e +a''ed b) $arcia(' o'e. o'e. 6e en +'air' o (ook 7or $arcia( b !+i7ania !'co'io $arcia(' moer moer o(d im $arcia( (e7. n i' a) o, !+i7ania 'rck im a e back o7 i' neck. 0doico rea(iaed b) acking er i bo(o ki((ing er. #e ci(d, Jonaan iedo a' r in i' inciden. %7er i', 0doico aied 7or $arcia( don'air' b $arce(o Sagn $arcia(' 7aer 7aer came. $arce(o i 0doico 'o 0doico bo(oed im 'eera( ime' a('o ki((ing im. "onrado and :irgi(io :irgi(io ere +re'en en 0doico ki((ed !+i7ania and $arce(o. #ria( cor 7ond 0doico, "onrado, and :irgi(io :irgi(io gi() o7 m(i+(e mrder and +)'ica( in;rie'. 0doico a' +rinci+a(, "onrado and :irgi(io :irgi(io a' accom+(ice'. Dring +endenc) o7 i' +eiion, 0doico idre i' a++ea( and :irgi(io :irgi(io died e<ingi'ing i' crimina( (iabi(i). (iabi(i). =N "onrado i' r ea(() an accom+(ice, e S" 7ond a ria( cor correc() 7ond "onrado a' an accom+(ice. D"#R-N!& =ere one goe' i e +rinci+a(' and in 'a )ing o'ide o7 e o'e i(e e oer' en in'ide o rob and ki(( e icim, e 7ormer e77ecie() '++(ied e crimina(' i maeria( and mora( aid making im gi() a' an accom+(ice. ne can be an accom+(ice een i7 e did no kno o7 e aca( crime inended b) e +rinci+a( +roided e a' aare a a i a' an i((ici ac. ac. >%"#S& •
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%cc'eda++e((an' 0doico Doco(ero and i' broer', "onrado and :irgi(io :irgi(io Doco(ero, carged i and coniced o7 e crime o7 m(i+(e mrder and n'+eci7ied +)'ica( in;rie'. 0doico Doco(ero gi() a' +rinci+a(, and i' coacc'ed "onrado Doco(ero and :irgi(io :irgi(io Doco(ero gi() a' accom+(ice'. 0doico Doco(ero i' 'enenced o '77er e +ena() o7 ree 3 0->! -$PR-SN$!N#S "%D!N% P!RP!#U% P!RP!#U% and e addiiona( +ena() o7 4 $on' and 1 Da) o ? $on' o7 arre'o ma)or, 7or in7(icing '(ig +)'ica( in;r). "onrado and :irgi(io :irgi(io are 'enenced o '77er e +ena() o7 1@ )ear' and 1 Da) o7 +ri'ion ma)or o 1A ear' ear' and 4 mon' o7 rec('ion em+ora(, 7or e dea o7 !+i7ania !'co'io* e +ena() o7 1@ ear' and 1 Da) o7 +ri'ion ma)or o 1A ear' and 4 $on' o7 rec('ion em+ora(, 7or e dea o7 0o(ia de GBman iedo& e +ena() o7 1@ ear' and 1 Da) o7 +ri'ion ma)or o 1A ear' and 4 $on' o7 rec('ion em+ora(, 7or e dea o7 $arce(o Doco(ero* and e addiiona( +ena() o7 2 $on' and 1 Da) o 4 $on' o7 arre'o ma)or 7or e '(ig +)'ica( in;r) . %ccording o $arcia( Sagn ine'', a abo ?&3@ in e eening o7 Noember 8, 19A@, $arcia( Sagn, $aria Sagni7e, 0o(ia iedo and %nonio iedo $aria' broer broer me e acc'ed 0doico Doco(ero a e cro''ing o7 e road in arrio indo i(e on eir a) ome. 0doico Doco(ero, io arning and io ca'e or rea'on, e(d e (e7 'o(der o7 $arcia( Sagn i i' (e7 and and 'rck $arcia( Sagn i a bo(o. $arcia( eaded e b(o and re'(ed i 0doico Doco(ero 7or e +o''e''ion o7 bo(o. %ccording o Pacienca Diamo) $arcia( Sagn' 'i'er, 'i'er, ine'', 'e 'a "onrado Doco(ero and :irgi(io :irgi(io Doco(ero ro 'one' a $arcia( Sagn' o'e. $eani(e, 0doico Doco(ero 'oed
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7or e man in e o'e o come o. % abo a ime, $arce(o Doco(ero, nc(e o7 e ree acc'ed eir 7aer' a(7Cbroer, o(d e ree acc'ed o be +aien and o 7orge b e acc'ed re+(ied, :U0:% o7 )or moer, e i(( a('o ki(( )o.E #e) 'rck $arce(o Doco(ero 'eera( ime' i eir bo(o'. %nionio Doco(ero, e 7aer o7 e acc'ed, arried. 6e a('o 'rck $arce(o Doco(ero i a bo(o on e ead. $arce(o Doco(ero 7e(( and e acc'ed ran aa ). %ccording o 0doico Doco(ero, i(e e a' a e cro''ing o7 e road, %nonio iedo 'rck im 7ir' i bo(o ic e a' ab(e o eade. $arcia( Sagn and 0doico Doco(ero a('o n'eaed eir bo(o'. 0o(ia iedo and $aria Sagn i 0doico Doco(ero' back. Rea(iBing e e co(d no 7ig bo $arcia( Sagn and %nonio iedo, 0doico ried o e'ca+e b) bo(oing $aria iedo o e i a e back. 6e re+ored e inciden o i' 7aer and a'ked i' 7aer o (ook a7er i' ci(dren and (e7. 6e inended o go o i' o'e b e +a''ed b) $arcia( Sagn' o'e. 6i' b(ood boi(ed. =en e (earned a $arcia( Sagn a' no ome, e en +'air' o %'k !+i7ania !'co'io o in7ormed im a $arcia( Sagn en oard' So. =en e a' abo o (eae, !+i7ania !'co'io i im a e back o7 i' neck ca'ing im o 'ee darkne'' and bo(oed er 'eera( ime'. 0doico Doco(ero en don'air' and aied 7or $arcia( Sagn. 6oeer, $arce(o Doco(ero arried and i im in e 'o(der b beca'e 0doico ried o eade, e a' i a i' back. 0doico Doco(ero ern bo(oed im 'eera( ime'. - a' a((eged a in doing e'e crime', 0doico' broer' "onrado and :irgi(io ere i im. =i(e i' +eiion a' +ending, 0doico Doco(ero idre i' a++ea( on $a ) 1A, 19A?. %('o, coC acc'ed :irgi(io Doco(ero died on cober 22, 1983.
-SSU!/S& 1. =N e ria( cor erred in 7inding "onrado Doco(ero a' an accom+(ice in e commi''ion o7 crime carged. !S 60D-NG& 1. !S, e ria( cor correc() 7ond a e a++e((an "onrado Doco(ero +arici+aed a' an accom+(ice. - a' a((eged in e e'imon) o7 e ine'' a "onrado ogeer i :irgi(io ere a('o in e crime 'cene acing eir broer 0doico Doco(ero do e crime'. #e S" e(d a ere one goe' i e +rinci+a(, e 7ormer '++(ied e crimina(' i maeria( and mora( aid making im gi() a' accom+(ice. - e(d 7rer a one can be an accom+(ice een i7 e did no kno o7 e aca( crime inended b) e +rinci+a( +roided a e a' aare a i a' an i((ici ac. -n US . De Je'', accom+(ice' erein con'ened o e(+ in e commi''ion o7 7orcib(e abdcion, and e) ere re'+on'ib(e 7or e re'(ing omicide een i7 e +r+o'e o7 e +rinci+a( o commi omicide a' nknon o e accom+(ice'. Nonee(e'', ere being a dob e
Pena() 7or "onrado Doco(ero& #ree 3 indeerminae 'enence' o7en 1@ )ear' o7 +ri'ion ma)or o 'eeneen 1A )ear' and 7or 4 mon' o7 rec('ion em+ora( eac 7or e dea o7 !+i7ania !'co'io, 0o(ia de GBman iedo and $arce(o Doco(ero, and a +ena() o7 en) 2@ da)' o7 arre'o menor 7or e (e'' 'erio' +)'ica( in;rie' in7(iced on Jonaan iedo. %++e((an "onrado Doco(ero and e e'ae o7 :irgi(io Doco(ero are RD!R!D o indemni7), in e 'm o7 P5@,@@@.@@ 7or eac 'e or gro+ o7 eir', e re'+ecie eir' o7 !+i7ania !'co'io, 0o(ia de GBman iedo and $arce(o Doco(ero, and o +a) onea(7 1/2 o7 e co''.
