PCS-902 Line Distance Relay
Optionally, the PCS-902 incorporates two sets of CT input for dual-breaker application. The dual-breaker failure protection, dual-breaker auto-reclosing and stub protection are integrated for one-and-a-half breaker and ring breaker application. To enhance accuracy of data sampling, frequency-tracking function is used to trace the real-time current/voltage value. The PCS-902 adopts the advanced UAPC multi-processor platform which is fully complied with IEC 61850 station bus & GOOSE process bus and supports both traditional electromagnetic CT/VT and electronic CT/VT.
Application
Functions
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The PCS-902 relay provides numerical line protection with pilot distance protection, stepped distance protection, current protection, voltage protection, single and/or three pole tripping and auto-reclosing functions. As a full-scheme device, it integrates frequency protection, breaker failure protection and stub protection. The PCS-902 introduces an extensive functional library, library, programmable logic and configurable I/O, intended for applications on overhead lines and underground cables of all voltage levels, including series compensated lines, double-circuit lines, heavily loaded lines, weak infeed (WI), short lines and extremely long lines. The PCS-902 adopts a wide range of innovative patented technologies, such as DPFC (Deviation Power Frequency Component) distance protection and unique power swing blocking logic, to guarantee its accurate and reliable operation.
Protection and Control • Pilot directional distance protection. (85) Independent distance zone with PUTT, POTT, blocking and DTT (Direct Transfer Tripping). •
Pilot zero sequence directional comparison protection. (DEF) The relay includes zero sequence directional overcurrent elements for earth fault. • DPFC distance protection. (21D) Innovative Deviation of Power Frequency Component distance protection can quickly clear faults and is immune to the load current, weak-infeed and power swing. •
Four zones of full-scheme phase-to-phase distance protection. (21P) Four zones of phase-to-phase distance protection integrates the memorized positive sequence voltage polarization, reactance characteristic, direction characteristic, load blinder and unique low-voltage distance element. The fourth zone can be set as the reversal directional protection. •
Four zones of full-scheme phase-to-ground distance protection. (21G) Four zones of phase-to-ground distance protection integrates the memorized positive sequence voltage polarization, reactance characteristic, direction characteristic, load blinder and unique low-voltage distance element. The fourth zone can be set as the reversal directional protection. •
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Four stages of directional phase overcurrent protection. (67P, 50/51P)
Overcurrent protection can be supervised by voltage element and directional element. IDMT curves complied with IEC and ANSI standard are present for selection. •
Four stages of directional zero sequence overcurrent protection. (67N, 50/51N) Overcurrent protection can be supervised by voltage element and directional element. IDMT curves complied with IEC and ANSI standard are present for selection. • Breaker failure protection for one or two breakers (50BF) Breaker failure protection can be applied to one breaker and two breakers applications. •
Two stages of under voltage protection and two stages of over voltage protection (27/59) Under/over phase voltage protection and under/over voltage protection are provided. (positive sequence, negative sequence or zero sequence) • Four stages of frequency protection (81) Frequency is calculated reference to the positive sequence voltage. The protection can be supervised by the df/dt element and the undervoltage element. • Stub protection for T-Zone in a 3/2 breaker application (50S) Stub protection is introduced to protect T-zone in a one-and-ahalf breaker scheme or a ring breaker scheme. • Time overcurrent protection during VT failure. (51P VT) Time overcurrent protection will be enabled if the phase-tophase distance protection is blocked by VT failure. •
Time zero sequence overcurrent protection during VT failure. (51N VT) Time zero sequence overcurrent protection will be enabled if the phase-to-ground distance protection is blocked by VT failure. • Switch-onto-fault (SOTF) logic. Switch-onto-fault logic is used to clear fault during manuallyclosing and auto-reclosing. • Unique power swing blocking logic. (68) The power swing blocking logic can prevent mal-operation during external fault in power swing and clear the internal fault quickly in power swing.
• Frequency tracking. Frequency tracking is provided to accommodate the frequency shift in power system.
Monitoring and Metering •
CT failure supervision.
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VT failure supervision.
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Line voltage failure supervision.
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Tripping/Closing circuit supervision.
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Self diagnostic test.
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Fault Recorder.
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Fault Locator.
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Total 1024 SOE, including tripping, alarm, binary input change and human operation reports.
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User-configurable high resolution oscillography of last 24 oscillograms. (Compatible with COMTRADE format)
Communications •
Pilot communication schemes (PUTT, POTT, WI) with fiber, carrier or other channels.
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2 Ethernet ports with IEC 61850 for station bus
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2 optional GOOSE communication for process bus
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2 RS-485 communication rear ports with IEC 60870-5- 103 protocol
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1 RS-485 communication rear ports for clock synchronization
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1 RS-232 communication rear ports for printer
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1 faceplateRJ45 Ethernet port for testing and setting
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GPS clock synchronization.
Features •
The typical pickup time is 10 ms for a close-in fault, 15 ms for a fault in the middle of a line, 25 ms for a remote fault.
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The relay is based on NR’s well established and proven UAPC hardware platform with multi-processor architecture. The multi CPU technology supports parallel operating simultaneously.
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The binary input can be used to initiate the power line carrier transceiver and the optical ber is optional instead of carriers to realize the pilot scheme.
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The sensitive DPFC distance protection is integrated to target on the quick clearance of internal fault without being affected by power swing.
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Each zone of phase-ground distance protection is provided with independent zero-sequence compensation and mutual zero-sequence compensation.
• Synchronism check. (25) Synchronism check and dead bus or dead line check are both provided for auto-reclosing.
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The patented adaptive floating threshold is insensitive to system imbalance and disturbance. The measuring element can achieve high security and high speed simultaneously.
• Aut o-r ecl osi ng (si ngl e and /or thr ee- pol e for one or two breakers). (79) The optional single/three pole auto-reclosing is applicable to one or two breakers. Priority logic is integrated for use on one-anda-half breaker application and ring breaker application.
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The unique built-in power swing blocking logic can properly supervise the distance protection during a power swing. The power swing blocking logic can prevent mal-operation for an external fault and quickly clear the internal fault during a power swing.
• Voltage and current drift auto adjustment. The relay continually and automatically traces the voltage and current drifts and adjusts the zero point to the normal value.
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Single and/or three pole auto-reclosing with synchro-check and dead line/bus check are provided for multi-breaker conguration. The priority logic of multi-breaker auto-reclosing is integrated.
• Thermal overload protection. (49) The output of thermal overload protection can be set to tripping or alarm. • Pole discrepancy detection element. Pole discrepancy detection element is used to protect discrepancy between the pole positions of breaker with independent gears.
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The relay is insensitive to the power source change and can be applied to the weak infeed condition.
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Instantaneous, definite time and inverse time (IDMT) characteristics are available in phase overcurrent protection and the zero sequence overcurrent protection which can be controlled by directional protection and/or under voltage protection through logic setting.
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Independent distance protection is designed for pilot scheme to realize PUTT, POTT, Blocking and DTT application. Additional three zones of forward distance protection and one zone of reverse distance protection are provided.
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Users can select either Mho or quadrangle with Mho characteristics for distance protection. The load blinder function is also integrated.
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The independent phase selection element can select the faulty phase and make a phase trip correctly, even for a high resistance fault.
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The two independent data acquisition paths can prevent any undesired trip caused by component failure. One works as a fault detector and the other is designed for protection and its logic. Tripping outputs are supervised by the fault detector to prevent a mal-operation.
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The connector type is optional, one is the plug in/out terminal connector and the other is the screw terminal connector. The unique plug in/out terminal connectors are used to connect the rear panel to the terminal blocks on the rack or cabinet, making on-site commissioning and replacement much easier than using traditional screw terminals.
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The relay provides GPS clock synchronization, including SNTP, binary input, and IRIG-B synchronization.
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The relay is compatible with multiple protocols- IEC61850 and IEC 60870-5-103 for station level, GOOSE and IEC61850-9-2 for process level. It supports communication interfaces such as, RS485 and Ethernet.
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