Pathloss 5

_`vdam|| 2 % Fmwkam`f `kf jk|vàa`vjmk jk|vàa`vjmk _`vdam|| 2 j| p~mfrlbf nz Lmkv~`lv Vbablmeerkjl`vjmk Bkgjkbb~jkg Bkgjkbb~jkg $LVB*+ Cm~ jkcm~e`vjmk mk pr~ld`|jkg _`vdam|| 2 pab`|b lmkv`lv LVB+ LVB+ Wjvd zmr~ pr~ld`|b mc _`vdam|| 2 zmr wjaa ~blbjsb ` ajlbklb be`ja+ Vdj| be`ja lmkv`jk| jepm~v`kv jkcm~e`vjmk jklarfjkg zmr~ |b~jà krenb~ `kf ajkh| cm~ fmwkam`fjkg vdb p~mg~è `| wbaa `| vdb rpf`vb|+ Hbbp vdj| be`ja |mebwdb~b |`cb `kf `llb||jnab+ R|b vdb a jkh| jk vdb be`ja vm fmwkam`f vdb p~mg~è+ $Vdj| wjaa àw`z| fmwkam`f vdb em~b ~blbkv ~bab`|b+* @ Kmvb mk vb~ejkmamgz Jk|vàajkg - Rkjk|vàajkg % Vdj| j| vdb p~mlb|| mc am`fjkg vdb p~mg~è mk vm v m wjkfmw|+ Vdb p~mg~è j| jk|vàabf nz ~rkkjkg pa2]|bvrp+btb `kf j| rkjk|vàabf nz r|jkg vdb wjkfmw| @ff-^bemsb _~mg~è vmma c~me vdb Lmkv~ma _`kba+ @ |jkgab _`vdam|| 2 aj lbk|b l`k nb fmwkam`fbf fmwkam`fbf `kf jk|vàabf mk e`kz lmeprvb~|! nrv mkaz mkb mc vdb|b lmeprvb~| l`k nb jkjvjàjybf `v ` vjeb+ Jkjvjàjyjkg - Rkjkjvjàjyjkg % Vdj| j| vdb p~mlb|| mc `lvjs`vjkg ` ajlbklb aj lbklb cm~ r|b+ @ |jkgab _`vdam|| 2 ajlbk|b l`k nb jkjvjàjybf mk mkaz mkb lmeprvb~ `v ` vjeb+ Vm emsb ` a jlbklb c~me mkb lmeprvb~ vm `kmvdb~! jv er|v nb rkjkjvjàjybf c~me vdb cj~|v lmeprvb~ nbcm~b jv j| jkjvjàjybf mk vdb |blmkf+ Vdb p~mg~è kbbf kmv nb Rkjk|vàabf c~me bjvdb~ lmeprvb~+ Vdj| p~mlbfr~b j| fmkb c~me wjvdjk vdb _`vdam|| 2 p~mg~è+ Rpf`vb s| Rpg~`fb % Rpf`vb eb`k| ld`kgjkg vm ` a`vb~ nrjaf mc vdb v db p~mg~è+ Vdb ajlbklb be`ja lmkv`jk| vdb ajkh vm fmwkam`f `k rpf`vb! rpf`vb| `~b àw`z| c~bb mc ld`~gb+ Rpg~`fb eb`k| `ffjkg cb`vr~b| |rld `| Lmsb~`gb m~ Jkvb~cb~bklb+ Rpg~`fb| `~b pr~ld`|bf c~me LVB `kf `lvjs`vbf wjvdjk vdb p~mg~è+

Jk|vàajkg _`vdam|| 2 D`~fw`~b ^brj~bebkv| Vdb _`vdam|| p~mg~è wjaa mpb~`vb mk Wjkfmw| >???-T_ `kf Sj|v` mpb~`vjkg |z|vbe|+ Msb~àa pb~cm~e`klb wjaa fbpbkf mk vdb lmeprvb~ |pbbf `kf `s`ja`nab ebem~z+

Jk|vàa`vjmk Vdb _`vdam|| p~mg~è j| p`lh`gbf wjvd vdb Jk|vàa \djbaf jk|vàa`vjmk p~mg~è+ \v`~v vdb jk|vàa`vjmk nz ~rkkjkg vdb pa2]|bvrp+btb fmwkam`fbf c~me vdb ajlbklb be`ja+ Cmaamw vdb mk |l~bbk p~mepv| vm jk|vàa vdb p~mg~è+

Jepm~v`kv Kmvb cm~ Sj|v` R|b~|

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Jc vdb |bvrp p~mg~è l`k kmv lmepabvb! zmr e`z kbbf vm ~rk jv `| @fejkj|v~`vm~+ ^jgdv lajlh mk vdb pa2]|bvrp jlmk `kf |bablv ^rk @| @fejkj|v~`vm~+

Jkjvjàjyjkg _`vdam|| 2 \vbp 0 Wdbk vdb jk|vàa`vjmk j| lmepabvb! |v`~v vdb p~mg~è+

\vbp >









Lajlh vdb Jkjvjàjyb vdb Jkjvjàjyb p~mg~è ebkr jvbe+ @ kbw fjàmg nmt wjaa `ppb`~+

\vbp <

Bkvb~ vdb |b~jà krenb~ c~me zmr~ ajlbk|b be`ja `kf lajlh vdb narb `~~mw nrvvmk+ Jc vdb _~mg~è jkjvjàjy`vjmk fmb| kmv btp`kf! vdb |b~jà krenb~ d`| kmv nbbk bkvb~bf lm~~blvaz+









\vbp 6

\bablv `k jkjvjàjy`vjmk mpvjmk+ Jc J c `k jkvb~kbv lmkkblvjmk j| `s`ja`nab! \bablv .Jkvb~kbv lmkkblvjmk. `kf lajlh vdb narb `~~mw nrvvmk `kf vdb p~mg~è wjaa p~mlb|| vdb jkjvjàjy`vjmk `rvme`vjlàaz+ Jkjvjàjy`vjmk j| lmepabvb `kf _`vdam|| 2 j| ~b`fz vm r|b+ Jc `k jkvb~kbv lmkkblvjmk j| kmv `s`ja`nab! vdbk |bablv mkb mc vdb mvdb~ jk|vàa`vjmk mpvjmk| `kf lmkvjkrb wjvd vdb kbtv |vbp+









\vbp 2 % mpvjmkà

@k jk|vàa`vjmk lmfb j| l~b`vbf wdbk vdb |b~jà krenb~ d`| nbbk bkvb~bf+ Vdb lmfb l`k vdbk nb lmpjbf vm vdb lajpnm`~f nz lajlhjkg vdb narb `~~mw+ _`|vb vdb vdj| jkvm `k be`ja `kf |bkf vm lvbOp`vdam||+lme+ lvbOp`vdam||+lme+ @k `rvdm~jy`vjmk lmfb wjaa nb ~bvr~kbf nz be`ja+ Jc `k jkvb~kbv lmkkblvjmk j| kmv `s`ja`nab! vdbk |bablv mkb mc vdb mvdb~ jk|vàa`vjmk mpvjmk|+ Vdb _~mg~è jkjvjàjy`vjmk j| ~bcm~e`vvbf wjvd jk|v~rlvjmk| cm~ vdb mpvjmk |bablvbf+ Wdbk vdb jk|vàa`vjmk j| lmepabvb! vdb p~mg~è ebkr wjaa nb rpf`vbf `kf vdb p~mg~è j| ~b`fz vm nb r|bf+

Rkjkjvjàjyjkg _`vdam|| 2 Vdb p~mg~è er|v cj~|v nb rkjkjvjàjybf jc jv j| vm nb jk|vàabf mk `kmvdb~ lmeprvb~+ Vdb r|b~ |bkf| `k rkjkjvjàjy`vjmk lmfb vm kmvjcz LVB vd`v vdb btj|vjkg jk|vàa`vjmk ~blm~f j| kmw `s`ja`nab cm~ `kmvdb~ jk|vàa`vjmk+









Jk vdb _`vdam|| 2 p~mg~è! lajlh Lmkcjgr~b lajlh Lmkcjgr~b % _`vdam|| p~mg~è % Rkjkjvjàjyb _~mg~è Jc `k jkvb~kbv lmkkblvjmk j| `s`ja`nab! |bablv .Jkvb~kbv lmkkblvjmk. `kf lajlh vdb narb `~~mw nrvvmk+ Vdb p~mg~è wjaa nb rkjkjvjàjybf mkaz jc vdb lmeerkjl`vjmk |rllbbf|+ |rllbbf|+ Jk àa mvdb~ rkjkjvjàjy`vjmk mpvjmk|! vdb r|b~ er|v cj~|v lmkcj~e vdb mpb~`vjmk+ Vdj| j| vdb pmjkv mc km ~bvr~k+ Vdb p~mg~è wjaa nb rkjkjvjàjybf `kf vdb Rkjkjvjàjyb _~mg~è fjàmg wjaa nb ~bcm~e`vvbf wjvd jk|v~rlvjmk| vm kmvjcz LVB+ Cm~ vdb C@T `kf BE`ja mpvjmk|! lajlh vdb .Lmpz |b~jà krenb~ `kf jk|vàa`vjmk lmfb. nrvvmk `kf |bkf vdb jkcm~e`vjmk vm LVB+

_`vdam|| 2 % Wdb~b vm nbgjk

\vbp 0 % Bkvb~ |jvb jkcm~e`vjmk Lajlh Sjbw Lajlh Sjbw % \jvb Aj|v vm n~jkg rp vdb \jvb jkfbt+ Zmr l`k à|m lajlh vdb \jvb aj|v nrvvmk mk vdb vmman`~+











Wb `~b gmjkg vm e`kràaz `ff vwm |jvb vm vdb p~miblv+ Lajlh mk vdb cj~|v lbaa jk j k vdb \jvb Kèb Lmarek+ Bkvb~ ` kèb cm~ vdb |jvb `kf p~b|| vdb V`n hbz v m emsb vdb vm kbtv lbaa+ Bkvb~ ` A`vjvrfb cm~ vdb |jvb `kf p~b|| V`n+ Bkvb~ ` Amkgjvrfb+ Vdj| j| vdb ejkjere ~brj~bf jkcm~e`vjmk cm~ ` |jvb+ @ff ` |blmkf |jvb r|jkg vdb |èb ebvdmf+

Lam|b vdb \jvb aj|v `kf vdb |jvb| wjaa nb |dmwk jk vdb GJ\ wjkfmw+ \jvb| l`k à|m eb jepm~vbf c~me ` L\S cjab cj ab m~ `kz fbajejvbf vbtv cjab+ \bb Jepm~v |jvb| c~me vbtv cjab++ cjab Vm fbvb~ejkb wd`v vb~~`jk f`v` cjab$|* zmr wjaa kbbf! jv j| dbapcra vm |bb ` gbmg~`pdjl g~jf+ Lajlh Lmkcjgr~b % _A2? _~mg~è Mpvjmk|+ Mpvjmk| + Lajlh @tj| @tj| % e`p g~jf + Jk vdb nmvvme ~jgdv `~b`! ldblh \dmw ldblh \dmw Gbmg~`pdjl G~jf `kf G~jf `kf \dmw A`nba|+ A`nba|+









Lajlh vdb g~bbk ldblh nrvvmk vm `llbpv vdb |bvvjkg| ld`kgb|+ E`hb ` kmvb mc vdb nmrkfjkg lmm~fjk`vb| |m zmr wjaa hkmw wd`v vb~~`jk f`v` zmr kbbf+









\vbp > % Lmkcjgr~b vb~~`jk f`v` Fmwkam`f Vb~~`jk F`v` Vb~~`jk f`v` j| `s`ja`nab c~me e`kz |mr~lb| jk ` wjfb s`~jbvz mc cm~e`v|+ Cm~ vdj| btèpab wb wjaa fmwkam`f |meb \^VE vb~~`jk f`v` c~me K@\@ K@\@++ Vdj| vmma e`z à|m nb dbapcra dvvp9--www+p`vdam||+lme-e`p|b`~ld+dvea dvvp9--www+p`vdam||+lme-e`p|b`~ld+dvea++ Rkyjp vdb cjab$|* `kf e`hb ` kmvb mc vdb cmafb~ wdb~b zmr d`sb rkyjppbf vdb cjab| vm+

\bvrp Vb~~`jk F`v`n`|b Mpbk vdb _`vdam|| 2 p~mg~è! zmr |dmraf |bb ` wjkfmw wjvd ` vmman`~ `kf ebkr+ Jc vdb~b j| ` ebkr jvbe làabf .Jkjvjàjyb _~mg~è.! zmr er|v jkjvjàjyb vdb p~mg~è nbcm~b lmkvjkrjkg+ Lajlh Lmkcjgr~b Lajlh Lmkcjgr~b % \bv GJ\ lmkcjgr~`vjmk









N~mw|b vm aml`vb vdb DGV vdb DGV cjab| cjab| zmr d`sb fmwkam`fbf $Zmr l`k |bablv e`kz DGV cjab| `v mklb nz dmafjkg Lv~a m~ \djcv wdjab |bablvjkg cjab|*+ Lajlh Mpbk Lajlh Mpbk `kf vdb cjab| wjaa nb `ffbf vm vdb jkfbt aj|v+ Kmvb vdb bfgb| mc vdb f`v` `kf bk|r~b vd`v vdbz lmsb~ vdb `~b` mc nmvd |jvb|+ Zmr d`sb kmw lmkcjgr~bf _`vdam|| 2 cm~ \^VE vb~~`jk f`v`+

\vbp < % L~b`vb vdb ajkh| Cm~ vdj| btèpab wb wjaa e`kràaz ajkh vdb |jvb|+ Zmr |dmraf |bb vdb > |jvb| e`~hbf mk vdb |l~bbk+ Vdb emr|b wdbba l`k nb r|bf vm ymme vdb fj|pa`z jk `kf mrv+









^jgdv lajlhjkg mk ajkh| m~ |jvb| wjaa àamw zmr vm `fir|v `vv~jnrvb| $`ppb`~`klb* `kf `llb|| mvdb~ mpvjmk|+

\vbp 6 % Fb|jgk vdb ajkh| Gbkb~`vb _~mcjab

Vdb cj~|v |vbp jk fb|jgkjkg vdb ajkh j| vm gbkb~`vb ` p`vd p~mcjab+ \bablv vdb _mjkv vm _mjkv Ajkh vmma `kf abcv lajlh mk vdb ajkh+ \bablv vb~~`jk \bablv vb~~`jk f`v` c~me vdb pmp%rp ebkr+ _~mcjab + Vdj| mpbk| vdb vb~~`jk f`v` emfrab jk vdb ajkh fb|jgk vmma+ Lajlh mk Mpb~`vjmk| % Gbkb~`vb _~mcjab+ E`hb |r~b _~je`~z Vb~~`jk FBE j| |bablvbf `kf vd`v vdb vb~~`jk f`v`n`|b |bv rp jk vdb cj~|v |vbp j| |dmwk+ Lajlh vdb g~bbk ldblh e`~h vm gbkb~`vb vdb p~mcjab+



































Bkvb~ vdb c~brbklz jk EDy+ Lajlh vdb g~bbk ldblh nrvvmk

+

Lajlh mk vdb `kvbkk` g~`pdjl aml`vbf mk vdb abcv m~ ~jgdv d`kf |jfb mc vdb |l~bbk+ @ fjàmg wjaa `ppb`~+









Bkvb~ vdb VT _mwb~ jk w`vv| m~ fNe `kf vdb ^T Vd~b|dmaf absba jk fNe cm~ nmvd |jfb| mc vdb ajkh $nmvd |jvb 0 `kf |jvb >*+ Lajlh Laj lh vdb g~bbk ldblh nrvvmk Lajlh mk vdb Vb~~`jk p~mcjab g~`pdjl aml`vbf jk vdb lbkvb~ mc vdb |l~bbk+ @ fjàmg wjaa `ppb`~+











@llbpv vdb fbc`rav| nz lajlhjkg vdb g~bbk ldblh nrvvmk + Kbtv! lajlh vdb narb `~~mw nrvvmk cm~ Laje`vjl c`lvm~ `kf vdbk Vb~~`jk ~mrgdkb|| `cvb~ wdjld ` fjàmg wjaa `ppb`~+

















_`vdam|| 2 % Ld`kgb| jk jkvb~c`lb c~me _`vdam|| 6+?

Vdb \ree`~z emfrab w`| vdb mpbkjkg |l~bbk jk _`vdam|| 6+ Vdj| |l~bbk àamwbf ` ajejvbf f`v` bkv~z ~b|ravjkg jk ` ~blbjsb |jgkà absba làlra`vjmk+ Vdb r|b~ wmraf |wjvld nbvwbbk vdb s`~jmr| fb|jgk emfrab|! r|jkg vdb emfrab ebkr |bablvjmk+ Jc vdb kbvwm~h emfrab w`| |bablvbf! `k btj|vjkg ajkh wmraf nb gbmg~`pdjlàaz fj|pa`zbf+ Vdb _`vdam|| 2 p~mg~è lmk|j|v| mc vwm |bp`~`vb `ppajl`vjmk|+

_A2? Vdb _A2? fj|pa`z j| `k bkd`klbf sb~|jmk mc vdb _`vdam|| 6 kbvwm~h emfrab `kf |rppm~v| sb~|jmk 6 g~6 cjab|+ @| jk sb~|jmk 6! vdb \jvb Aj|v j| vdb f`v` bkv~z pmjkv cm~ c m~ |jvb| `kf ajkh| r|jkg `kz mc vdb cmaamwjkg f`v` bkv~z ebvdmf| 9 

e`krà f`v` bkv~z $|jvb kèb| % a`vjvrfb| % amkgjvrfb| +++*









_`vdam|| 2 hkmwk j||rb| Ejl~m|mcv G~mmsb >??7 \meb p`lh`gb| mc E\ Mccjlb >??7 jklarfb ` p~mg~è làabf G~mmsb wdjld ~rk| jk vdb n`lhg~mrkf `kf lmkcajlv| wjvd _`vdam||+ Jc jv j| jk|vàabf `kf ~rkkjkg mk zmr~ |z|vbe jv wjaa p~bsbkv _`vdam|| c~me |v`~vjkg+ Km wjkfmw wjaa `ppb`~ `kf km p~mlb|| wjaa nb |v`~vbf+ Vdb~b j| lr~~bkvaz km wm~h `~mrkf cm~ vdj| p~mnabe `kf G~mmsb er|v nb rkjk|vàabf+ Zmr l`k rkjk|vàa jv nz r|jkg vdb `ff - ~bemsb p~mg~è| vmma c~me vdb Lmkv~ma _`kba+ \bablv Ejl~m|mcv Mccjlb >??7 `kf lajlh vdb Ld`kgb nrvvmk+ \bablv @ff m~ ^bemsb Cb`vr~b| `kf lajlh lmkvjkrb+ Lajlh Ejl~m|mcv Mccjlb G~mmsb `kf ld`kgb vdb |bablvjmk vm 'Kmv @s`ja`nab'+ Lajlh lmkvjkrb vm e`hb vdb emfjcjl`vjmk+ Jv j| kmv kblb||`~z vm ~bemsb Mccjlb >??7! mkaz vdb G~mmsb lmepmkbkv+

Pathloss 5

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