SolarMax P series Parameter configuration with MaxTalk 2 Pro
Operating manual
Contents 1 Notes on this operating manual 3 1.1 Target group�����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������3 1.2 Scope���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������3 1.3 Safety instructions used�����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������3 1.4 Writing styles used�������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������3 2 Safety instructions 4 3 Requirements4 4 Configuration5 4.1 Standard�����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������5 4.2 Grid monitoring�������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������7 4.2.1 Anti-Islanding���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������7 4.2.2 Voltage limits���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������7 4.2.3 OV detection�����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������8 4.2.4 Frequency limits�����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������8 4.2.5 Current and output limits���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������9 4.3 Start conditions�������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������9 4.4 Leakage current limits�������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������10 4.5 Frequency-dependent power reduction�����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������11 4.5.1 P(f) mode�������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������11 4.5.2 Operating mode 1 �����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������11 4.5.3 Operating mode 2 �����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������12 4.5.4 Operating mode 3 �����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������13 4.6 Reactive power control�����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������14 4.6.1 Generator metering arrow system �����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������14 4.6.2 Q mode ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������14 4.6.2.1 Operating mode cosφ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 15 4.6.2.2 Operating mode cosφ(Pac)���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������15 4.6.2.3 Operating mode Q�����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������16 4.6.2.4 Reactive power control hysteresis (voltage-dependent) �������������������������������������������17 4.6.2.5 Reactive power control hysteresis (active power-dependent) �����������������������������������17 5 External control 18 5.1 External shutdown �����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������18 5.2 SPI logic ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������18 5.3 External power control �����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������20 6 Reset country configuration 23 7 Synchronize configuration 23
2
1
Notes on this operating manual
This operating manual contains instructions for the configuration of the extended MaxTalk2 Pro functions and associated parameters. You should have basic knowledge of the operation of MaxTalk 2. You can find basic information on the operation of MaxTalk 2 in the software under the "Help" menu item.
1.1
Target group
This operating manual is intended for authorized skilled personnel only.
1.2
Scope
This operating manual is applicable to the following SolarMax inverters: ■■
SM2000P
■■
SM3000P
■■
SM4000P
■■
SM4600P
■■
SM5000P
1.3
Safety instructions used
The following levels of safety instructions can be found in this operating manual: ATTENTION! Non-observance of these safety instructions may cause material damage. Note This symbol identifies notes that are of particular importance for operating the device.
1.4
Writing styles used
Menu commands and buttons are in italics, e.g. Start. Windows and tabs are in quotation marks, e.g. "System overview". Note If no specific inverter type is mentioned for the parameter values indicated, the values apply to all inverters listed above.
3
2
Safety instructions
You are only authorized to configure the advanced functions of the SolarMax inverters if you comply with the instructions below: ■■
The grid operator must have specified and/or approved all changes.
■■
All implemented settings have to be documented in writing. ATTENTION! Incorrect configuration can have serious consequences! Please note that unauthorized or incorrect configuration of the advanced settings may have serious consequences such as: ■■
Change in the response of the protective devices of the SolarMax inverters resulting in a hazard to users, third parties, or equipment
■■
Adverse influence on the operating and yield performance of the SolarMax inverter
■■
Invalidation of the operating license for the SolarMax inverter
■■
Loss of all warranty rights
Note Every time the parameter values are changed, the inverter temporarily disconnects from the grid in order to activate the change. In that case, the graphics display of the inverter shows the status message "Out of service".
3
Requirements
Ensure that the following requirements are met before you make adjustments to the inverter with MaxTalk 2 Pro: ■■
Adequate power supply via the DC supply cables ATTENTION! Possible data loss! ■■
4
Do not interrupt the power supply. Loss of data could result.
4
Configuration
The "Configuration" tab of MaxTalk 2 Pro comprises all adjustable operating parameters and the advanced functions of the inverter. In the "Device" menu, click Configuration. The "Configuration" tab is subdivided as follows: ■■
Standard
■■
Grid monitoring
■■
Start-up conditions
■■
Leakage current limits
■■
Frequency-dependent power reduction
■■
Reactive power control
4.1
Standard
Under "Standard", it is possible to change the country setting selected during commissioning. In this way it is possible to change or reset the country setting of the inverter. Standard If appropriate, change the setting in the "Standard" menu: Setting
Grid connection / description
Australia
AS 4777
Belgium
C10/11
Bulgaria
VDE 0126-1-1 2006
Denmark
VDE-AR-N 4105
Germany (13.8 kVA < ΣSmax ≤ 30 kVA, cosφ(Pac))
VDE-AR-N 4105 / The plant rating is greater than 13.68 kVA or does not exceed 30 kVA. The operating mode "cosφ(Pac)" (see Section 4.6.2.2) for the generation of reactive power is activated.
Germany (13.8 kVA < ΣSmax ≤ 30 kVA)
VDE-AR-N 4105 / The plant rating is greater than 13.68 kVA and does not exceed 30 kVA.
Germany (3.68 kVA < ΣSmax ≤ 13.8 kVA, cosφ(Pac))
VDE-AR-N 4105 / The plant rating is greater than 3.68 kVA and does not exceed 13.68 kVA. The operating mode "cosφ(Pac)" (see Section 4.6.2.2) for the generation of reactive power is activated.
Germany (3.68 kVA < ΣSmax ≤ 13.8 kVA)
The plant rating is greater than 3.68 kVA and does not exceed 13.68 kVA / VDE-AR-N 4105
Germany (ΣSmax > 30 kVA, cosφ(Pac))
VDE-AR-N 4105 / The plant rating is greater than 30 kVA. The operating mode "cosφ(Pac)" (see Section 4.6.2.2) for the generation of reactive power is activated.
Germany (ΣSmax > 30 kVA, I/O module, cosφ(Pac))
VDE-AR-N 4105 / The plant rating is greater than 30 kVA. The operating mode "cosφ(Pac)" (see Section 4.6.2.2) for the feed-in/input of reactive power is activated. The I/O module has been fitted and external grid monitoring and remote shutdown is used (NA protection; see Section 5.1).
5
6
Setting
Grid connection / description
Germany (ΣSmax > 30 kVA, I/O module)
VDE-AR-N 4105 / The plant rating is greater than 30 kVA. The I/O module has been fitted and external grid monitoring and remote shutdown is used (NA protection; see Section 5.1).
Germany (ΣSmax > 30 kVA)
VDE-AR-N 4105 / The plant rating is greater than 30 kVA.
Germany (ΣSmax ≤ 3.68 kVA)
VDE-AR-N 4105 / The plant rating does not exceed 3.68 kVA.
EN 50438
EN 50438
France
VDE 0126-1-1 50.4 Hz
Greece - Mainland
PPC Guide
Greece - Islands
PPC Guide
Great Britain (Iac ≤ 16 A)
G83/2
Great Britain (Iac > 16 A)
G59/2
Israel
IS 4777
Italy (3 kW < ΣPmax ≤ 6 kW, SPI)
CEI 0-21 / The plant rating is greater than 3 kW and/or does not exceed 6 kW. The I/O module has been fitted and the SPI logic is activated (see Section 5.2).
Italy (3 kW < ΣPmax ≤ 6 kW)
CEI 0-21 / The plant rating is greater than 3 kW and/or does not exceed 6 kW.
Italy (ΣPmax ≤ 3 kW, SPI)
CEI 0-21 / The plant rating does not exceed 3 kW. The I/O module has been fitted and the SPI logic is activated (see Section 5.2).
Italy (ΣPmax ≤ 3 kW)
CEI 0-21 / The plant rating does not exceed 3 kW.
Croatia
EC 61727
Portugal
EN 50438
Romania
VDE 0126-1-1 2006
Sweden
EN 50438
Switzerland
VDE 0126-1-1 + A1:2011 CH
Spain
RD 1699
Czech Republic
EN 50438
Turkey
VDE 0126-1-1 2006
4.2
Grid monitoring
These functions monitor the grid parameters during feed-in operation.
4.2.1 Anti-Islanding During maintenance work on the local grid it is possible that staff of the grid operator has to disconnect the PV power plant from the grid. In order to prevent the inverter from continuing to feed into the local, disconnected grid, the island detection function monitors whether an island grid is present and, if appropriate, disconnects the inverter from the grid. The "Anti-Islanding" function can be activated and deactivated: Setting
Description If the inverter detects an island situation, the inverter will disconnect from the grid immediately. This prevents the inverter from continuing to feed into the grid when this is switched off. The function is deactivated.
4.2.2 Voltage limits The inverter permanently monitors the mains voltage for inadmissible voltage values. It is possible to specify upper and lower limits for the mains voltage. The adjustable limits for the voltage can be created in two stages. Two-stage monitoring allows for the definition of different monitoring sensitivities: ■■
the violation of the first limit is linked to a longer tripping time (low sensitivity)
■■
the violation of the second limit is linked to a shorter tripping time (higher sensitivity)
Example The mains voltage violates the limits "Vac min 1" and "Vac min 2". Vac [V] Vac nominal = 230
Vac min 1 = 212
Vac min 2 = 196
t Uac min 1 = 2500 ms
t Uac min 2 = 500 ms
t [ms]
Grid operation Grid disconnection
Figure 1
t [ms]
Voltage limits violation
When the first value limit "Vac min 1" (= 212 V) is not reached, the inverter disconnects from the mains within 2500 ms. When the mains voltage does not reach the second limit value "Vac min 2" (= 196 V) the inverter disconnects from the mains within 500 ms. If necessary, change the standard values: Parameter
Value range
Unit
Vac min 1
Description Minimum admissible mains voltage (limit 1)
80.0 … 230.0
V
t Vac min 1
Tripping time for "Vac min 1"
0 … 900’000
ms
7
Parameter
Description Maximum admissible mains voltage (limit 1)
Value range
Unit
Vac max 1
230.0 … 280.0
V
t Vac max 1
Tripping time for "Vac max 1"
0 … 900’000
ms
Vac min 2
Minimum admissible mains voltage (limit 2)
80.0 … 230.0
V
t Vac min 2
Tripping time for "Vac min 2"
0 … 900’000
ms
Vac max 2
Maximum admissible mains voltage (limit 2)
230.0 … 280.0
V
t Vac max 2
Tripping time for "Vac max 2"
0 … 600’000
ms
243.0 … 264.0
V
Vac 10 min max Maximum admissible average value of the mains voltage over the last 10 minutes
In order to use the two-stage monitoring in a reasonable manner, the tripping time of the limit that is closer to the nominal value must be longer than the tripping time of the limit that is farther away from the nominal value.
4.2.3 OV detection Overvoltage transients may occur if the mains impedance is increased abruptly (e.g. as a consequence of an island situation) and the inverter continues to feed in current for a short period of time. The OV detection (overvoltage detection) ensures that the inverter immediately disconnects from the grid when such overvoltage transients occur. The "OV detection" function can be activated and/or deactivated. Setting
Description The inverter checks the grid for inadmissible transients (voltage peaks). If the transients are too high, the inverter will immediately disconnect from the grid. The function is deactivated.
4.2.4 Frequency limits The inverter permanently monitors the mains frequency for inadmissible frequency values. It is possible to specify upper and lower limits for the mains frequency. The adjustable limits for the mains frequency can be created in two stages, like in the case of voltage limits (see section 4.2.2). If necessary, change the standard values:
8
Parameter
Description
Value range
Unit
f min 1
Minimum admissible mains frequency (limit 1)
45.00 … 50.00
Hz
t f min 1
Tripping time for "f min 1"
0 … 600’000
ms
f max 1
Maximum admissible mains frequency (limit 1)
50.00 … 55.00
Hz
t f max 1
Tripping time for "f max 1"
0 … 600’000
ms
f min 2
Minimum admissible mains frequency (limit 2)
45.00 … 50.00
Hz
t f min 2
Tripping time for "f min 2"
0 … 600’000
ms
f max 2
Maximum admissible mains frequency (limit 2)
50.00 … 55.00
Hz
t f max 2
Tripping time for "f max 2"
0 … 600’000
ms
4.2.5 Current and output limits The following output values of the inverter can be limited and adjusted within the specified value ranges: Parameter
Description
Device
Value range
Iac max
Maximum permissible mains current
SM2000P SM3000P SM4000P SM4600P SM5000P
0 … 9.0 0 … 13.5 0 … 17.5 0 … 22.0 0 … 22.0
A
SM2000P SM3000P SM4000P SM4600P SM5000P
0 … 1.0
A
Iac mean max Maximum admissible DC component in AC current
Unit
Pac max
Maximum effective power to be fed in
SM2000P SM3000P SM4000P SM4600P SM5000P
0 … 2’000.0 0 … 3’000.0 0 … 4’000.0 0 … 4’600.0 0 … 5’000.0
W
S max
Maximum apparent power to be fed in. The maximum admissible apparent power must be at least as high as the maximum admissible active power in each case.
SM2000P SM3000P SM4000P SM4600P SM5000P
0 … 2’000.0 0 … 3’000.0 0 … 4’000.0 0 … 4’600.0 0 … 5’000.0
VA
4.3
Start conditions
The inverter response to the application of mains power can be specified in the start-up conditions. Mains power is applied during start-up in the morning or after mains disconnection resulting from limits being exceeded. Note ■■
The start-up conditions can be configured independently of the voltage and frequency limit settings (Sections 4.2.2 and 4.2.4).
If necessary, change the standard values: Parameter
Description
Value range
Unit
Restart delay
Delay time before mains reconnection following previous failure-related mains disconnection. The inverter will show the status message "Restart delay" during this delay time.
0 ... 600
s
Pac progression
Maximum increase of the active power during mains reconnection following a mains disconnection due to a fault (in percent of Pac nom / minute). The status message "Restart limitation" will be displayed.
0 ... 6’000
%/min
Soft start
Maximum increase of the effective power at grid connection. This gradient, if activated, is always effective, as opposed to "Pac progression" (even during restart in the morning). The status message "Restart limitation" will be displayed. Note: If both "Soft start" and "Pac progression” are activated, the lower gradient is the determining factor for the inverter.
1 ... 2’000
W/s
9
Mains check If the mains check is activated, the inverter checks the following adjustable limits before connecting to the mains. The inverter will only connect to the mains if the limits are not exceeded during an adjustable period of time. The inverter will show the status message "Restart delay" during the mains check. When the mains check is activated the following parameters can be set: Parameter Monitoring time
Unit
Vac max
Description Value range Duration of mains check 0 ... 900 Note: If the timer monitoring time and restart delay are both activated, they will start simultaneously. The inverter will only connect to the mains when both timers have expired. Minimum admissible mains voltage 161.0 ... 230.0 Maximum admissible mains voltage 230.0 ... 280.0
f min
Minimum admissible mains frequency
45.00 ... 50.00
Hz
f max
Maximum admissible mains frequency
50.00 ... 55.00
Hz
Vac min
4.4
s
V V
Leakage current limits
The integrated fault current monitoring (RCMU) monitors the DC and AC leakage currents on the generator side. Change the standard value if necessary:
10
Parameter
Description
Value range
Unit
Ierr max
Maximum admissible leakage current (effective value). When the leakage current exceeds the set limit, the inverter will disconnect from the mains and display the error message "Ierr too high".
30.0 ... 300.0
mA
4.5
Frequency-dependent power reduction
The frequency-dependent power reduction is used to reduce the output power Pac of the inverter when the mains frequencies are too high, in order to stabilize the grid. This function can be carried out in P(f) mode. When the output power is reduced in the P(f) mode the status message "Frequency limitation" is displayed on the inverter.
4.5.1 P(f) mode In the "P(f) mode" menu, select the required operating mode: Operating mode
Description
Off
The P(f) mode is deactivated.
Auto
The P(f) mode is activated. Depending on the country setting, the frequency-dependent power reduction mode 1, mode 2 or mode 3 is automatically activated.
Mode 1
Mode 1 is activated.
Mode 2
Mode 2 is activated.
Mode 3
Mode 3 is activated.
4.5.2 Operating mode 1 Figure 2 illustrates Mode 1 operation. f [Hz]
Pac/Pac nom [%]
100
51.5 PM
51 P(f) reduction
50.5 f start f stop
80 60
50
40
49.5
20 Frequency dependent power reduction
49
0 t [s]
Grid frequency f Standardised output Pac/Pac nom[%]
Figure 2
Mode 1 operation
Frequency-dependent power reduction starts as soon as the mains frequency exceeds the "f start" limit. The active power PM currently fed in at this point in time serves as reference value for power reduction. If the mains frequency continues to increase, the inverter will reduce the active power in a linear manner using the "P(f) reduction" gradient. If the mains frequency decreases again, the inverter maintains power constant until the mains frequency drops below the "f stop" limit. At this point the inverter increases the active power to the maximum admissible value. When Mode 1 is activated the following parameters can be set: Parameter
Description
Value range
Unit
P(f) reduction
Reduction gradient for the active power (in percent of PM per Hertz / PM: active power at start of output reduction)
1 ... 100
%/Hz
f start
Start frequency
(f stop + 0.01) ... 55.00
Hz
f stop
Stop frequency
50.00 ... (f start −0.01)
Hz
11
Example (SM5000P) ■■
Fed in active power PM at start of the power reduction = 5 kW
■■
f start = 50.20 Hz
■■
f stop = 50.05 Hz
■■
P(f) reduction = 40%/Hz
■■
Highest frequency value = 51.20 Hz
The inverter will react as follows: the mains frequency exceeds the "f start" limit of 50.20 Hz, the inverter stores the temporary active power PM. The mains frequency continues to rise to 51.20 Hz which means that, via the "P(f) reduction" gradient, the active power Pac is limited to a value of Pac = 5 kW –
5 kW W 100% Hz
·40% W = 3 kW. Hz
This maximum output value is maintained until output drops below the "f stop" limit. Then the inverter reverts to feeding in the maximum available active power.
4.5.3 Operating mode 2 Figure 3 illustrates Mode 2 operation. f [Hz]
Pac/Pac nom [%] Re-increase 100
51.5 51 50.5
PM
80 P(f) reduction
60
f start 50
40
49.5
20
49
0
Frequency dependent power reduction
t [s] 0
60
120
Grid frequency f Standardised output Pac/Pac nom [%]
Figure 3
Mode 2 operation
In this mode the output power is reduced if the mains frequency exceeds the "f start" limit. If the mains frequency is reduced again, the inverter increases the output power immediately. In this phase, the reduction and increase in output power are controlled with the "P(f) reduction" gradient. The active power P M fed in at the start serves as reference value for power reduction. If the mains frequency drops below the "f start" limit, the inverter increases the output power to the maximum admissible value via the "Re-increase" gradient.
12
When Mode 2 is activated the following parameters can be set: Parameter
Description
Value range
Unit
P(f) reduction
Reduction gradient for the active power (in percent of PM per Hertz; PM: active power at start of output reduction)
1 ... 100
%/Hz
f start
Start frequency
50.00 ... 55.00
Hz
Re-increase
Maximum increase to the maximum possible 1 ... 100 power output
%/min
4.5.4 Operating mode 3 Figure 4 illustrates Mode 3 operation. f [Hz]
Pac/Pac nom [%]
51.5
P(f) reduction PM
51
100
Re-increase
80
50.5 f start f max f min 50
60 40
49.5
20
Monitoring time
49
0
Frequency dependent power reduction
0
300
1038
t [s]
Grid frequency f Standardised output Pac/Pac nom [%]
Figure 4
Mode 3 operation
In this mode the output power is reduced if the mains frequency exceeds the "f start" limit. The reduction is carried out using the "P(f) reduction" gradient. When the mains frequency drops again, falling into a defined frequency range, the monitoring timer cuts in. The upper and lower limits of the frequency range are defined by the "f max" and "f min" parameters. While the timer is running, a mains check is carried out: the mains frequency must remain within the frequency range and the mains voltage within the "Vac max" and "Vac min" limits. When this is the case, the inverter increases the output power to the maximum admissible value via the "Re-increase" gradient. When Mode 3 is activated the following parameters can be set: Parameter
Description
Value range
Unit
P(f) reduction
Reduction gradient for the active power (in percent of PM per Hertz; PM: active power at start of output reduction)
1 ... 100
%/Hz
f start
Start frequency
50.00 ... 55.00
Hz
f stop
Start frequency
50.00 ... 55.00
Hz
f max
Maximum admissible mains frequency
50.00 ... 51.00
Hz
f min
Minimum admissible mains frequency
49.00 ... 50.00
Hz
Vac max
Maximum admissible mains voltage
230.0 ... 253.0
V
Vac min
Minimum admissible mains voltage
195.5 ... 230.0
V
13
Parameter
Description
Value range
Unit
Monitoring time
Duration of mains check
0 ... 900
s
Re-increase
Maximum increase to the maximum possible 1 ... 100 power output
4.6
%/min
Reactive power control
The fact that the inverter feeds in / takes up reactive power makes it possible to influence the voltage at the inverter's grid connection point (i.e. increase or decrease).
4.6.1 Generator metering arrow system The parameter values for reactive power are always specified in the generator metering arrow system.
Q II
I OEX overexcited Grid
P
Grid
Grid
P
Grid
I Inverter
–Pac
U
Grid
Pac
UEX underexcited III
IV –Q
Figure 5
Generator metering arrow system
The operating mode of the inverter must be defined for all reactive power and power factor settings. The inverter may be overexcited or underexcited. ■■
Operating mode OEX (overexcited): the inverter helps to support the voltage at the grid connection point (quadrant I in Figure 5).
■■
Operating mode UEX (overexcited): the inverter helps to limit the voltage at the grid connection point (quadrant IV in Figure 5).
4.6.2 Q mode Select the required operating mode in the "Q mode" menu:
14
Operating mode
Description
Off
No feed-in of reactive power (cosφ = 1)
cosφ
Operation with fixed power factor cosφ
cosφ(Pac)
Operation in accordance with a definable cosφ(Pac) curve
Q
Operation with constant reactive power Q
4.6.2.1 Operating mode cosφ In the "cosφ" operating mode, a fixed cosφ value is specified. The inverter will calculate the reactive power from the cosφ value and the current active power. Parameter
Description
Value range
cosφ
Power factor
0.800 ... 1.000 (OEX / UEX)
Note The maximum apparent power S max of the inverter cannot be exceeded. Therefore, the active power fed in may be reduced depending on the desired cosφ. Example (SM5000P) With a cosφ value of 0.8, the maximum feedable Pac max active power of the SM5000P reduces from 5 kW to 4 kW: Pac max = cosφ · S max = 0.8 · 5 kVA = 4 kW. Reactive power control hysteresis The description of the mains voltage-dependent and active power-dependent reactive power control hysteresis can be found in Sections 4.6.2.4 and 4.6.2.5.
4.6.2.2 Operating mode cosφ(Pac) In the cosφ(Pac) operating mode, the inverter changes the cosφ value subject to the power fed into the grid. Depending on the cosφ value, more or less reactive power is fed in. The dependency is defined by a cosφ-Pac curve. cosφ 0.800 OEX
(Pac X0 = 0%, cosφ Y0) (Pac X1, cosφ Y1) (Pac X2, cosφ Y2) (Pac X3, cosφ Y3) (Pac X4, cosφ Y4)
1.000
50%
(Pac X5, cosφ Y5)
100%
[% of Pac nom]
(Pac X6, cosφ Y6) (Pac X7, cosφ Y7) (Pac X8, cosφ Y8) 0.800 UEX Figure 6
(Pac X9 = 100%, cosφ Y9)
cosφ(Pac) curve with 10 value pairs
15
The desired curve results from up to 10 value pairs of cos(φ) and Pac: X-axis: Active power Pac
Value range
Pac X0
5
Unit
Y-axis: Power factor cosφ cosφ Y0
Pac X1
cosφ Y1
Pac X2
cosφ Y2
Pac X3
cosφ Y3
Pac X4
5 ... 100
Pac X5
% of Pac nom
cosφ Y4 cosφ Y5
Pac X6
cosφ Y6
Pac X7
cosφ Y7
Pac X8
cosφ Y8
Pac X9
Value range
100
0.800 ... 1.000 (OEX / UEX)
cosφ Y9
Note ■■
In order to define a curve, the cosφ Y0 and cosφ Y9 values are required as a minimum.
■■
The values Pac X0 to Pac X9 must be increasing.
Reactive power control hysteresis The description of the mains voltage-dependent reactive power control hysteresis can be found in Section 4.6.2.4.
4.6.2.3 Operating mode Q In the Q operating mode, a constant reactive power is specified which the inverter will maintain at a constant level independent of the active power. Q values with a positive sign (+) result in overexcited operation of the inverter (OEX) while Q values with a negative sign (-) result in underexcited operation (UEX). Parameter
Description
Value range
Unit
Qrel
Fixed reactive power
−75 … 0 … +75
% of Pac nom
The value range refers to the maximum apparent power S max of the inverter. Example (SM5000P) ■■
Maximum apparent power S max = 5 kVA
■■
Specified value for Q = +60%
u
Resulting reactive power Q = 5 kVA · 60 % = 3 kvar Note The maximum apparent power S max of the inverter cannot be exceeded. Therefore, the active power fed in may be reduced depending on the desired amount of reactive power.
The maximum active power Pac max of the SM5000P is reduced to 4 kW because the following relationship applies: S 2 = P 2 + Q2; as a result of which Pac max = √(S2 – Q2) = √(5 kVA)2 – (3 kvar)2 = 4 kW. Reactive power control hysteresis The description of the mains voltage-dependent and active power-dependent reactive power control hysteresis can be found in Sections 4.6.2.4 and 4.6.2.5.
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4.6.2.4 Reactive power control hysteresis (voltage-dependent) This function represents a mains voltage-dependent on/off switch for the cosφ and cosφ(Pac) reactive power modes. Activate/deactivate the "Activate hysteresis" check box. Setting
Description The function is activated. The reactive power mode (cosφ or cosφ(Pac)) is reactivated or deactivated in accordance with the "Vac lock-in" and "Vac lock-out" limits. The function is deactivated.
When the function is activated, the following parameters can be set: Parameter
Description
Vac lock-In
If the mains voltage exceeds this limit, the reac- 184 … 276 tive power mode is reactivated.
Value range
Unit V
Vac lock-Out
If the mains voltage drops below this limit, the 184 … 276 reactive power mode is deactivated (the operating mode for reactive power feed-in changes to "Off").
V
4.6.2.5 Reactive power control hysteresis (active power-dependent) This function involves an active power-dependent on/off switch for the cosφ and Q reactive power modes. Activate/deactivate the "Activate hysteresis" check box. Setting
Description The function is activated. The reactive power mode (cosφ or Q) is reactivated or deactivated in accordance with the Pac Lock-In and Pac Lock-Out limits. The function is deactivated.
When the function is activated, the following parameters can be set: Parameter
Description
Pac lock-In
If the active power exceeds this limit, the reactive 5 … 100 power mode is reactivated. The limit is stated in % of the rated output power.
Value range
Unit %
Pac lock-Out
If the active power falls below this limit, the re- 5 … 100 active power mode is deactivated (the operating mode for reactive power feed-in changes to "Off"). The limit is stated in % of the rated output power.
%
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5
External control
In the "External control" tab it is possible to configure the I/O module interfaces for external control. All functions described in this chapter assume that an I/O module has been fitted. If you want to use the functions in this chapter, please read the "I/O module installation manual" for the SolarMax P series. In the "Device" menu, click on External control. The "External control" tab is subdivided as follows: ■■
External shutdown
■■
External power control
5.1
External shutdown
If required, this function can be used to disconnect the inverter from the mains network with the help of an external electrical signal (NA protection/Teledistacco). When the signal is active at the "NA" input of the I/O module, the inverter will immediately disconnect from the grid. When this happens the inverter shows the status message "Error ext. input 1". Activate/deactivate the "Enable" check box. Setting
Description The "NA" input of the I/O module is activated. The "NA" input of the I/O input module is deactivated (the inverter does not react to external signals at the "NA" input).
Signal logic Depending on the selected setting, a high-level signal (230 V) or a low-level signal (0 V) is interpreted as an active signal. Select the signal logic for the "NA" input of the I/O module in the menu: Setting
Description
Active when high
A high-level signal corresponds to an active input signal (standard setting).
Active when low
A low-level signal corresponds to an active input signal.
Status Status display of the "NA" input at the I/O module (cannot be adjusted): Setting
Description External input signal active External input signal inactive
5.2
SPI logic
This section describes the configuration of the SPI logic. This function is only available with the "SPI" option and the "Italy" country setting. Description The SPI logic activates the SPI frequency monitoring limits 1/2/3 depending on the logic condition of the "Comando Locale" and "Segnale Esterno" signals. The condition of the "Comando Locale" switch can be configured. The condition of the "Segnale Esterno" is defined via an external electrical signal. When the limits are transgressed, the inverter disconnects from the grid. The following table shows the activation of the SPI frequency monitoring 1/2/3 depending on the logic conditions of "Comando Locale" and "Segnale Esterno":
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Mode
Comando Locale
Segnale Esterno
SPI frequency monitoring 1
SPI frequency monitoring 2
SPI frequency monitoring 3
1*
0
1
Inactive
Active
Inactive
2
1
1
Active
Active
Inactive
3
0 or 1
0
Inactive
Inactive
Active
* Standard setting Switching on Activate/deactivate the "Enable" check box. Setting
Description The SPI logic is activated. The SPI logic is disabled.
Comando Locale Select the logic condition in the "Comando Locale" menu: Setting
Description
High
The "Comando Locale" has the logic condition 1.
Low
The "Comando Locale" has the logic condition 0.
Segnale Esterno: status display of the K6 input at the I/O module (cannot be adjusted): Setting
Description Standard setting (also when the K6 input is not connected). Mode 3 of the SPI frequency monitoring system is activated. "Comando Locale" is constantly set to "high". The logic condition can be configured to "low" at any time.
Signal logic Depending on the selected setting, a high-level signal (230 V) or a low-level signal (0 V) is allocated to the logic condition "1". In the menu select the signal logic for Segnale Esterno (input K6 at the I/O module). Setting
Description
High active
High-level signal corresponds to the logic condition "1".
Low active
Low-level signal corresponds to the logic condition "1" (standard setting)
SPI frequency monitoring 1 Status: status display of the SPI frequency monitoring 1 (cannot be adjusted): Setting
Description The SPI frequency monitoring 1 is active. The SPI frequency monitoring 1 is inactive.
If necessary, change the standard values: Parameter f min
Description
Value range
Unit
Minimum admissible mains frequency
45 … 50
Hz
t f min
Tripping time for minimum admissible mains frequency "f min"
0 … 900,000
ms
f max
Maximum admissible mains frequency
50 … 55
Hz
19
Parameter t f max
Description
Value range
Unit
Tripping time for maximum admissible mains frequency "f max"
0 … 900,000
ms
Description
Value range
Unit Hz
SPI frequency monitoring 2 Status: status display of the SPI frequency monitoring 2 (cannot be adjusted). Setting
Description The SPI frequency monitoring 2 is active. The SPI frequency monitoring 2 is inactive.
If necessary, change the standard values: Parameter f min
Minimum admissible mains frequency
45 … 50
t f min
Tripping time for minimum admissible mains frequency "f min"
0 … 900,000
f max
Maximum admissible mains frequency
50 … 55
t f max
Tripping time for maximum admissible mains frequency "f max"
0 … 900,000
ms Hz ms
SPI frequency monitoring 3 Status: status display of the SPI frequency monitoring 3 (cannot be adjusted). Setting
Description The SPI frequency monitoring 3 is active. The SPI frequency monitoring 3 is inactive.
If necessary, change the standard values: Parameter f min
Description
Value range
Unit Hz
Minimum admissible mains frequency
45 … 50
t f min
Tripping time for minimum admissible mains frequency "f min"
0 … 900,000
f max
Maximum admissible mains frequency
50 … 55
t f max
Tripping time for maximum admissible mains frequency "f max"
0 … 900,000
5.3
ms Hz ms
External power control
The K1 to K6 digital inputs of the I/O module can be configured under "External power control". These functions can be used by the inverter to receive and interpret the rated values for active and reactive power via external digital signals. External power control Activate and/or deactivate the "Enable" check box: Setting
Description The K1, K2, K3, K4, K5 and K6 digital inputs are activated. The power limits are set e.g. by a radio ripple control receiver as configured in the configuration matrix. The K1, K2, K3, K4, K5 and K6 digital inputs are deactivated (no implementation of control commands).
When an external power control is activated the following parameters can be adjusted:
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Parameter Delay
Power slope falling
Power slope rising
Description The power change will only be active after expiry of the set delay. The timer is restarted at any digital input change. Standard setting: 5 seconds. The slope of power reduction (in percentage of the rated power per minute).
Value range
Unit
1 … 60
s
1 … 6000
%/min
Example: a value of 200%/min means that the inverter reduces its active power to the desired power value with a gradient of 200% of the rated output power per minute in the event of a reduction command. The slope of the increase in power to rated power (in 1 … 6000 percentage of the rated power per minute).
%/min
Description of the configuration matrix Up to 6 digital control signals (e.g. from a radio ripple control signal receiver) can be connected at the I/O module input (inputs K1 to K6). This means that up to 64 input conditions are possible for output control. If the SPI logic is activated at the same time (see Section 5.2), only digital inputs K1 to K5 can be utilized. The K6 input is used for the SPI logic. In this case, only 32 input conditions are available for output control. When switching between the SPI logic and the "External power control", any existing configuration of the K6 digital input remains unaltered.
Figure 7
Configuration matrix (example)
Input state Element
Description
K1 / K2 / K3 / K4 / K5 / K6 Digital inputs of the I/O module Status
Display of active input signals and the corresponding target values
Configuration
List of existing configurations The active condition of the digital input is evaluated. The inactive condition of the digital input is evaluated. Blocked (not available / the digital input is used for a different purpose)
21
Element
Description
Default behavior
Output is specified if configuration is not available or not defined. If no standard behavior has been defined, unknown output specifications are ignored.
Output action Element
Description
Value range
Unit
Prel [%]
The inverter feeds the set active power (in % of rated output).
0 … 100
%
cosφ [1]
The inverter feeds reactive power in accordance 0.800 … 1,000 with the set cosφ value. (UEX / OEX)
-
Qrel [%]
The inverter feeds the set reactive power (in % of rated power).
%
–75… 0 … 75
Buttons Element
Description Editing the configuration Deleting the configuration
Remove all
Delete all configurations. The configuration stored in "Default behavior" will not be deleted.
Add
Create new configuration
Add configuration
1. Click Add. The "Add entry" window appears.
2. Activate the required digital inputs K1 to K6 under "Input state". 3. Activate "Prel" as appropriate and indicate the corresponding active power. 4. In order to define a reactive power specification, select "cosφ" or "Qrel". Note In order to activate "cosφ" or "Qrel", click on the selected option. 5. Select the operation mode UEX (overexcited) or OEX (underexcited). 6. Enter the cosφ value or reactive power. 7. Click on Add. The entry is adopted appropriately into the configuration matrix.
22
Note
6
■■
You can choose individual commands (only target values for Prel, cosφ or Qrel) as well as combined commands (Prel and cosφ or Prel and Qrel) for the configuration.
■■
Active power and reactive power specifications with identical input conditions are combined in one configuration.
■■
An already existing input condition can be overwritten with new output specifications.
■■
The configurations in the configuration matrix are sorted according to the input condition.
Reset country configuration
The factory settings of the inverter can be restored using this function. The country configuration is reset and all parameter changes are deleted. Afterwards, the inverter is no longer available to MaxTalk or within the MaxComm network. In order to re-commission the inverter, the commissioning procedure must be carried out on the graphics display of the inverter (see instruction manual). Procedure 1. Select the desired device in the plant tree. 2. In the menu "Device", click on Commands and then on Reset country configuration. 3. Click OK in order to confirm the warning. –– The inverter is reset. –– The "Initial Setup" menu will be displayed on the graphics display of the inverter.
7
Synchronize configuration
This function can be used to transfer the configuration of an inverter to other inverters. Requirements ■■
The inverters (reference device and target devices) must be connected and available within the same MaxComm network.
■■
The status LED is illuminated green (the inverters are in mains operation).
Procedure 1. Connect MaxTalk to the inverter within the MaxComm network. 2. In the "Function" menu, click Synchronize configuration. The "Synchronize configuration" box appears. 3. In the "Reference device" list, select the inverter the configuration of which is to be transferred to other inverters. –– MaxTalk will automatically list the compatible inverters. 4. Select the required devices in the "Compatible devices" field. 5. In order to start the synchronization process, click Start. –– A list containing the synchronized devices will then be displayed. This list will also contain the devices that could not be synchronized. 6. Check the configuration of the individual devices.
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SolarMax Service Center:
[email protected]
2013/08 en
www.solarmax.com/service