CEBU DOCTORS’ UNIVERSITY – COLLEGE OF MEDICINE PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE 1. The term applied to an epidemic occurring within more than one country or territory: A. Epidemic B. Endemic C. Pandemic D. Sporadic 2. The causative agent for Avian flu is: A. Influenza virus A B. Influenza virus B C. Coronavirus D. Retrovirus 3. One of the following statements does not belong among the criteria for a SARS suspect: A. Moderate to high-grade fever B. Respiratory symptoms: cough, shortness of breath, or difficulty of breathing C. History of contact with a person diagnosed with SARS, during the past 4 months D. Travel to a country with known cases of SARS 4. The trees planted around the landfill help improve the quality of environmental air by making use of the emitted: A. Methane B. Carbon dioxide C. Carbon monoxide D. Oxygen 5. Methane is the product of the decomposition of which waste products? A. Gaseous waste B. Solid waste (answer is organic waste produces methane: I’m guessing solid waste in landfills is the best answer for this one?) C. Metal waste D. Chemical waste 6. A Sanitary landfill may receive the following wastes, EXCEPT: A. Untreated hazardous wastes B. Cardboard C. Grass cuttings D. Paper 7. Without the plastic lining at the bottom of the landfill, the leachate could: A. Produce combustible gases B. Seep through the soil and contaminate the water supply C. Emit foul odor D. Make the landfill sink deeper 8. The Zero Waste Management program is primarily intended to: A. Extend the life of the sanitary landfill B. Recycle metal and plastic material C. Give extra income to people D. Recycle paper into cardboard "The Zero Waste Management (ZWM) extends the principles of recycling to form a circular system where as much of the original material as possible is reused. Discarded materials are not seen as garbage in need of disposal but as valuable resources in need of new application.
CEBU DOCTORS’ UNIVERSITY – COLLEGE OF MEDICINE PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE 9. The ideal way to dispose of hospital waste is by : A. Burying in a landfill B. Incineration C. Grinding D. Recycling 10. Passive immunity may be acquired by the following means, EXCEPT: A. Intramuscular injection of immunoglobulin B. Transfer of maternal antibodies across the placental barrier C. Ingestion of colostrum by the baby D. Injection with viral antigen 11. Oral administration of vaccine is an effective route for which of the diseases? A. Tetanus B. Tuberculosis C. Typhoid fever D. Hemophilus influenza Numbers 12 to 14 refer to Case 1: Case 1 The patients who gave birth at the barangay health center were handled by the midwife. Some developed complications. Prenatal No Prenatal Age Group
Number
Number with complication
Attack Rate
Number
Number with complication
Attack Rate
15 – 25 yrs. 26 – 36 yrs. 37 – 47 yrs
33 27 15
15 6 2
45% 22% 13%
37 31 12
20 11 11
54% 35% 92%
12. Case 1 : The age group/s with the highest total attack rate of complication is / are: A. 15 – 25 yrs. C. 37 – 47 yrs. B. 26 – 36 yrs. D. All of the above 13. Case 1 : The number of patients in the 15 – 25 yrs old group who had prenatal checkup is : A. 15 C. 45 B. 33 D. 48 14. Case 1 : The total number of patients without prenatal check-up who developed complication is: A. 20 C. 37 B. 32 D. 42 15. Which of the following is not among the top ten leading causes of morbidity in the Philippines? A. Respiratory diseases B. Diarrhea C. Influenza D. AIDS Last statistics from DOH 2005 1. Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infection and Pneumonia**
694,209 884.6 690,566 809.9
2. Bronchitis/Bronchiolitis
669,800 854.7 616,041 722.5
3. Acute watery diarrhea
726,211 928.3 603,287 707.6
4. Influenza
459,624 587.0 406,237 476.5
CEBU DOCTORS’ UNIVERSITY – COLLEGE OF MEDICINE PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE 5. Hypertension
314,175 400.5 382,662 448.8
6. TB Respiratory
109,369 139.7 114,360 134.1
7. Diseases of the Heart
43,945
56.1
43,898
51.5
8. Malaria
35,970
46.1
36,090
42.3
9. Chicken Pox
79,236
41.1
30,063
36.3
10. Dengue fever
16. A health care system that has the greatest impact on the health of a society, while making the best use of its resources, fulfills which of the following values of social accountability? A. Relevance B. Quality C. Cost-effectiveness D. Equity 17. Availability of high-quality health care, to all sectors of society, especially the underprivileged, is the goal of which social accountability value? A. Relevance B. Quality C. Cost-effectiveness D. Equity http://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/1995/WHO_HRH_95.7.pdf <-=- if u want to check out the meaning for the other 2 18. The WHO’s Philippine counterpart in making health policies to answer local needs is the: A. Association of Philippine Medical Colleges B. Department of Health C. City Health Office D. Philippine Medical Association 19. The City health officer sent the sanitary inspector with medicine to treat the people of the town infested with scabies. The action taken is a form of which level of prevention? A. Primary prevention B. Secondary prevention C. Tertiary prevention D. Risk assessment 20. Teaching uninfected households about sanitation and hygiene is what level of prevention? A. Primary prevention B. Secondary prevention C. Tertiary prevention D. Risk assessment 21. A student who wants to get health information of a given community may obtain it from the following, EXCEPT: A. Local government hospital B. City health office C. Provincial health office D. Department of health
CEBU DOCTORS’ UNIVERSITY – COLLEGE OF MEDICINE PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE
22. Epidemiology differs from clinical medicine in these regards, EXCEPT: A. Epidemiologists study groups of people, not individuals B. Epidemiologists study well people, in addition to sick people C. Epidemiologists try to find out the crucial difference between those stricken and those spared D. Epidemiologists decide optimal patient management 23. In the investigation of an epidemic of food poisoning at a banquet, high attack rates were found for people who ate roast beef as well as those who ate mushroom sauce. Table 1 shows combinations of the two foods that were then considered. Table 1
Attack Rates for Food Combinations Ate Mushroom Sauce
Did Not Eat Mushroom Sauce
Number
Attack
Number
Attack
Number
Ill
Rate (%)
Number
Ill
Rate (%)
Ate roast beef
150
105
70
72
2
3
Did not eat roast beef
42
33
78
26
0
0
Thus, the infective item is most likely to be A. Mushroom sauce B. Roast beef C. The combination of roast beef with mushroom sauce D. Cooking utensil (not the meat, nor the mushroom sauce) 24. What measures the proportion of the population dying every year or the number of deaths in the community per 1,000 populations. A. Case fatality rate B. Cause-specific mortality rate C. Crude mortality rate D. Proportionate mortality 25. Designed to measure the rate at which people without a disease develop the disease during a specific period of time, that is, the number of new cases of a disease in a population over a period of time. A. Fertility rates B. Incidence rates C. Mortality rates D. Prevalence rates 26. Table 3 shows the sex distribution in three large series of cases of a disease. Table 3 Sex Distribution in Three Series of Cases of a Disease Series Male Cases Female Cases 1 200 100 2 250 50 3 450 150 Total 900 300
CEBU DOCTORS’ UNIVERSITY – COLLEGE OF MEDICINE PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE The incidence rate of this disease by sex was A. Twice as great in males as in females B. Three times greater in males than in females C. Five times greater in make than in females D. Cannot be computed from the data given 27. Which of the following measure the number of people in a population who have the disease at a given point in time. A. Fertility rates B. Incidence rates C. Mortality rates D. Prevalence rates 28. Epidemic refers to A. A disease that has a low rate of occurrence but that is constantly present in a community or region B. An attack rate in excess of 10 per 1,000 population C. The occurrence of illnesses of similar nature clearly in excess of the normal expectation for that population at that time D. The annual case rate per 100,000 population 29. Case fatality rate for a given disease refers to A. The crude mortality rate per 100,000 population B. Cause-specific mortality rate due to the disease C. The percentage of deaths among cases of the disease D. The proportion of deaths due to the disease among all deaths from all causes 30. The two major measures of disease frequency are: A. Sensitivity and specificity B. Positive and negative predictive values C. Incidence and prevalence D. Relative and Absolute risks 31. The ratio of the incidence of the group with the factor to the incidence of the group without the factor A. Absolute risk B. Attributable risk C. Relative risk D. Predictive value Relative risk is a ratio of the probability of the event occurring in the exposed group versus a nonexposed group.
32. Measures the amount of the incidence that can be attributed to one particular factor. A. Absolute risk B. Attributable risk C. Relative risk D. Predictive value 33. Sometimes called as retrospective study because of its direction of inquiry. A. Case-Control Study B. Cross-Sectional Study C. Cohort Study D. Experiment 34. Because the events of interest transpire after the study is begun, this study is sometimes called prospective study.
CEBU DOCTORS’ UNIVERSITY – COLLEGE OF MEDICINE PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE A. B. C. D.
Case-Control Study Cross-Sectional Study Cohort Study Experiment
35. Because it focuses on a point in time, it is sometimes also called prevalence study. A. Case-Control Study B. Cross-Sectional Study C. Cohort Study D. Experiment 36. A group of people who share a common experience within a defined time period. A. Bias B. Cohort C. Placebo D. Stratum 37. Which of the following is not a characteristic of a case-control study? A. It is relatively inexpensive B. Relative risk may be estimated from the results C. Incidence rates may be computed D. One selects controls without the disease 38. The strongest weapon in the scientific armamentarium to test a hypothesis. A. Case-Control Study B. Cross-Sectional Study C. Cohort Study D. Experiment 39. A well-known phenomenon in medicine is that patients given only inert substances will often show subsequent clinical improvement when compared with similar patients not so “treated” A. Block randomization B. Placebo effect C. Stratification D. Surveillance 40. Defined as the detection of the occurrence of health-related events or exposures in a target population. A. Predictive Value B. Sensitivity C. Specificity D. Surveillance 41. The __________ of a test is defined as the percentage of persons with the disease of interest who have positive test results. A. Negative Predictive Value B. Positive Predictive Value C. Sensitivity D. Specificity 42. The __________ provides a way to look at risk in case-control studies. A. Absolute Risk Reduction B. Odds Ratio C. Relative Risk D. Relative Risk Reduction
CEBU DOCTORS’ UNIVERSITY – COLLEGE OF MEDICINE PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE 43. The “four o’clock habit” of the Dengue Prevention campaign is about: A. Immunization B. Environmental sanitation C. Personal hygiene D. Anti-viral treatment 44. When educating the patient about Vitamin A, you will not include which of the following? A. Yellow squash and carrots are rich food sources B. Prevents night blindness C. It is an anti-oxidant D. Minimum daily requirement is 400 to 600 gms 45. The pathology in Vitamin A deficiency is: A. Loss of muscle mass B. Skin hyperpigmentation C. Xerophthalmia D. Exophthalmus 46. Inclusion of Iodized salt in the daily diet prevents: A. Mental deficiency in children B. Thin, brittle bones C. Loose, non-elastic skin D. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder 47. Long-term psychiatric monitoring of a former drug user, who has been rehabilitated is a form of: A. Primary prevention B. Secondary prevention C. Tertiary prevention D. Quartiary prevention 48. The incubation period of AIDS is from the time: A. Patient is infected up to the time AIDS–related symptoms manifest B. The patient starts having large lymph nodes to the time severe lung infection manifests C. Patient manifests mild symptoms until he/she dies D. Patient starts feeling weak until pneumonia develops 49. The SARS virus is transmitted via : A. Inhalation of infected droplets B. Drinking contaminated water C. Eating cooked infected chicken D. Contact with infected blood 50. The characteristic clinical presentation of a patient with tuberculosis is a combination of which of the following: A. Fever throughout the day, nosebleeding (epistaxis), loss of appetite B. Cough of 2 weeks, evening fever, weight loss, loss of appetite C. Fever of one week, abdominal enlargement, loss of appetite D. Weight loss, large neck lymph nodes, anemia 51. Malfunctioning liver, distended abdomen and jaundice are symptoms consistent with: A. Chronic alcoholism B. AIDS C. Protein deficiency D. Carbohydrate deficiency
CEBU DOCTORS’ UNIVERSITY – COLLEGE OF MEDICINE PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE
52. When taking the history of a woman whom you suspect to have STD, you would like to assess the possibility of exposure (risk assessment) by asking about: A. Number of children B. When the symptoms started C. Number of sexual partners D. Health of parents 53. The incidence of tuberculosis is correctly stated as (using an arbitrary number): A. 100,000 new cases per year B. 100,000 tuberculous persons C. 100,000 cases of newly diagnosed, plus undergoing treatment and healed TB cases D. 100,000 cases confined in hospital 54. Prevalence of tuberculosis is correctly stated as (using an arbitrary number): A. 2 billion TB cases in the world B. 2 billion new TB cases in the world per year C. 2 billion combined treated and healed TB cases per month D. 2 billion TB cases, excluding the newly diagnosed cases 55. The capacity of a test to become negative in the absence of the disease is: A. Specificity B. Sensitivity C. Predictive value of a negative test D. Probability 56. The capacity of the test to become positive in the presence of the disease is its: A. Specifity B. Sensitivity C. Predictive value D. Probability Numbers 57. to 60 refer to Case 3. Factory employees were screened for tuberculosis using the PPD tuberculin test and Chest x-ray. Chest x-ray (+) Chest x-ray (-) Totals Test (PPD) + A B A+B Test (PPD) C D C+D Totals A+C B+D A+ B + C + D 57. Case 3: The group of subjects/employees with the highest probability of being tuberculous : A. A + C B. A + B C. A D. B 58. Case 3: Total number of subjects/employees who are probably tuberculous: A. A + C B. B + D C. A + B D. C + D
CEBU DOCTORS’ UNIVERSITY – COLLEGE OF MEDICINE PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE 59. Case 3: Predictive value of a positive chest xray: A. A / A + B B. B / A + B C. A / A + C D. B / B + D 60. Case 3: Predictive value of a negative chest xray: A. A / A + B B. B / A + B C. A / A + C D. B / B + D 61. A reduction in infant mortality may be interpreted as: A. Increased life expectancy of infants B. Increased life expectancy of infants and mothers C. Decreased number of pregnancies D. Effective family planning programs 62. Morbidity data would include the following, EXCEPT: A. Accidents in the workplace B. Deaths from accidents C. Absences from work D. Work-related illnesses 63. The best way to reduce the prevalence of heart diseases is to: A. Train more cardiologists B. Opening more coronary care units at the barangay level C. Providing affordable medicines for cardiac diseases D. Develop intensive health education programs to inform the communities about prevention 64. DOTS is Department of Health program for: A. TB diagnosis B. TB treatment C. TB prevention D. A and B only 65. Direct Observation Treatment, Short-course for tuberculosis is focused on which level of prevention? A. Primary B. Secondary C. Tertiary D. A and B only 66. The Alma Ata Declaration is about which of the following? A. Protection of women and children from violence B. Health as a universal human right C. Proper garbage disposal D. Reduction of infant and maternal mortality 67. The science and art responsible for the maintenance and improvement of the health of the population, with police power to impose sanctions on anyone that may harm the health of the public is: A. Preventive medicine B. Public health C. General practice
CEBU DOCTORS’ UNIVERSITY – COLLEGE OF MEDICINE PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE D. Social medicine
68. If a clinician practicing in CDH suspects that a deep well is the source of typhoid fever of three of his patients, the person with the power to have the water source shut down is: A. Attending physician himself B. Sanitary inspector C. Cebu Doctors Hospital administrator D. City health officer 69. The opposite of Equality between husband and wife is Paternalism, which means: A. Dominance of men through their control of the family, commerce and society B. Men are the superior members of the family through their active participation in household chores and upbringing of children C. Men control external affairs, like business, while women control the home D. Inheritance of wealth is from father to son only 70. The practice of financially-independent adult sons and daughters, who take time to go home during holidays demonstrates 3 of the following characteristics, EXCEPT: A. Shared attributes B. Belongingness C. Lifelong membership D. Child-centeredness 71. When a child kisses the hand of elders as a form of greeting, it is said that the parents have taught him/her well, fulfilling the following family function, EXCEPT: A. Biological B. Socialization C. Educational D. Cultural 72. When a child is quarrelsome in school, does not mix well with his classmates, and does not answer when greeted by classmates, the parents must have performed poorly in their _______________ function.: A. Biological B. Socialization C. Educational D. Cultural Numbers 73 to 75 refer to Case 4: Ms. Ai-Ai has 3 children, aged 8 yrs. old, 5 yrs. 1 ½ yrs., by three different men, but she has remained single. They live with Ai-ai’s aunt who has 2 grown up children, aged 29 and 30 years old. Ai-ai says that her children and her aunt and cousins are the only family for her. What type family does Ai-ai have? 73. Case 4: What type of family does Ai-ai have? A. Single parent, Nuclear family B. Single parent, Extended family C. Blended family D. Polygamous family 74. Case 4: At what stage of family development is Ai-ai’s family?
CEBU DOCTORS’ UNIVERSITY – COLLEGE OF MEDICINE PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE A. B. C. D.
Family with newborn child Family with school-age children Family with adolescent children Launching family
75. Case 4: At what stage of development is the Auntie’s family? A. Family with school-age children B. Family with adolescent children C. Launching family D. Family in later years (Empty nest) 76. At which stage of family development do the parents begin to feel they are no longer needed by their children? A. Family with a new born child B. Family with a child of school-age C. Family with an adolescent child D. Launching family 77. When the husband prevents the wife from going out with friends and her own parents, does not allow her to use the phone, and he shouts and smashes her things when she disobeys him on such matters; Which of the following forms of controlling does not apply? A. Isolation B. Physical punishment C. Intimidation D. Emotional abuse 78. About 60 years ago, only women with higher IQ and grades, with extraordinary talent than the male competitors, were accepted in medical schools. This is an example of: A. Male-female power disparity B. Socialization and learned behavior C. Medicalization of the problem D. Trivialization 79. The physician who is not aware of the issues on gender sensitivity, shows concern only for the cuts and bruises, and does not address the emotional trauma and the risk to the patient’s life; such an attitude is called: A. Male-female power disparity B. Socialization and learned behavior C. Medicalization of the problem D. Trivialization 80. The woman who allows herself to be verbally abused by her husband must be educated about husband and wife relationship that is based on: A. Equality and Responsible parenting B. Equality and Respect C. Equality and Honesty D. Equality and Economic partnership 81. The SARS virus may be acquired by: A. Droplet infection B. Airborne transmission C. Sexual contact D. Fecal-oral transmission 82. The carcinogenic substance in tobacco smoke is: A. Carbon monoxide
CEBU DOCTORS’ UNIVERSITY – COLLEGE OF MEDICINE PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE B. Cyanide C. Nicotine D. Tar 83. Which of the following is a primary prevention activity for drug addiction? A. Imprisonment of drug pushers B. Responsible parenting seminar C. Submission of a drug addict for rehabilitation D. Drugs test for applicants of driver’s license 84. Which of the following diseases cannot be prevented by hygienic methods of handling food and drinks? A. Hepatitis A B. Hepatitis B C. Amebiasis D. Typhoid fever 85. Which of the following conditions cannot be classified as a case of malnutrition? A. Obesity B. Kwashiorkor C. Marasmus D. Diabetes mellitus 86. Which of the following is/are solely the responsibility/ies of the public health practitioner? A. Prompt diagnosis and treatment B. Report the case to proper authorities C. Trace and identify other sexual contacts of the index case D. A and B only 87. The most common disease brought home by a child is: A. Intestinal parasitism B. Dengue fever C. Respiratory tract infection D. Measles 88. The appropriate term to describe Bino’s situation, who continues to smoke 2 packs of cigarettes daily inspite of the chronic cough is: A. Tolerance to tobacco B. Tobacco dependence C. Addiction to tobacco D. Misuse of tobacco 89. Bino has progressively increased the dose of diazepam, to put him to sleep, from 10 mg to 30 mg daily over 2 years, which is due to: A. Tolerance B. Resistance C. Withdrawal D. Misuse 90. Nurses and physicians must protect themselves from acquiring HIV infection by: A. Getting vaccinated B. Wearing a mask C. Not touching the patient D. Following precautionary measures in handling used hypodermic needles
CEBU DOCTORS’ UNIVERSITY – COLLEGE OF MEDICINE PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE
91. The most powerful risk factor predisposing persons to atherosclerotic peripheral occlusive disease is: A. Alcohol abuse B. Cigarette smoking C. Old age D. Male gender 92. Being a good role-model for the children is about: A A. Economic partnership B. Responsible parenting C. Honesty and accountability D. Trust and support 93. Negotiation and fairness means: A. Supporting her goals in life B. Economic partnership C. Earning trust and confidence through honesty D. Seeking mutually satisfying resolution to conflict 94. Talking in loud, angry voices, when a couple is trying to find a solution to conflicting opinions is the opposite of : A. Shared responsibility B. Responsible parenting C. Non-threatening behavior D. Honesty and accountability 95. Which of the following functions is fulfilled when the children stay healthy because of completed immunizations? A. Biological B. Educational C. Socialization D. Cultural 96. Teaching the child to steal is a distortion of which function? A. Biological B. Educational C. Socialization D. Cultural 97. The type of abuse when the spouse does not speak to his partner, without any explanation, but only to express anger or dissatisfaction. A. Physical B. Sexual C. Psychological D. Social 98. The type of abuse, when the wife is not allowed to meet friends and family members; not allowed to go out of the house. A. Economic B. Psychological C. Social D. Verbal
CEBU DOCTORS’ UNIVERSITY – COLLEGE OF MEDICINE PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE
99. Blaming the rape victim for the assault, because she wore make-up and a mini-skirt (victim-blaming) is a promotive factor in the causation of violence, which is known as: A. Sex-role stereotype B. Medicalization C. Socialization D. Trivialization 100. When the wife refuses to have sex with her husband and he forces her, he can be charged in court for: A. Physical injuries B. Marital rape C. Battering D. Frustrated homicide
