Oil Palm Cultivation

POFP

Oil Palm Cultivation and Yield Production

Kushairi, A.

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Oil Palm Species •Elaeis guineensis •West Africa •High yield

•Elaeis oleifera •Central-South America •Low yield

Elaeis guineensis















Oil Palm Industry: The beginning

Amsterdam

Congo DR

Malaysia















Historical Deli dura 1848 1870s 1911 1917 1920s

- Bogor, 4 seedlings - Deli, Sumatra - Rantau Panjang, Malaysia - Tenammaran Estate - Formal breeding & selection















Production of Major Oil Crops Crop

Oil (kg/ha/yr)

Oil palm

2500 – 4000

Coconut

600 – 1500

Olive

500 – 1000

Rapeseed

600

1000















Land utilization to produce 1 tonne oil Crop

Land (ha)

Oil Palm R

0.30 d

0 75

















Climate & Soil Suitability

















Reproductive Biology 

Monoecious: male and female flowers

















Reproductive Biology Male 30g pollen per inflorescence

















Palm Oil and Palm Kernel Oil Oil extractions (Palm Oil) • Lab

















Factors affecting growth, flowering and yield





































































































































































































































































Land Clearing 





From jungle, rubber, coconut, oil palm areas Mechanised using bulldozers, chain saws Zero burning is emphasised

Chipping of old oil palm stand for replanting

environmental friendly















Land Preparation Schedule Activities Under brushing/weed spraying

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun X

Felling

X

X

Chipping/stacking/partial burning Chipping/stacking/partial (if applicable)

X

X

X

Lining

X

X

X















Roads and Drains 

Roads – Good road system essential Road maintenance for easy transportation during development and subsequent operations 

Drains















Lining Lining after land clearing is completed  Rows in North-South direction for max sunlight  Planting distances 

– Inland – Inland soil (less fertile): 8.8m triangular (148 p/ha)















Biodiversity 

Biodiversity and its conservation given attention in plantations plantations:: – conservation – conservation of flora and fauna



Oil palm palm plantation plantations: s: – Rich in dicotyledons, monocotyledons, sedges, – Rich ferns and brackens, anthropods, mammals, birds,

















Field Planting 

Carried out at beginning of wet season

















Cover Crops 

Objectives – To control erosion and nutrient losses To improve nutrient status from

















Weed Control 

Objectives

















Weed Control Schedule Age of palms

Intervals between

No. of rounds

















Maintenance of inter-rows, palm circles and low-lying areas































































































































































































































Oil Palm Cultivation

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