OBSTETRICS/ GYNECOLOGY MNEMONICS Post-partum examination simplifie !"e!#list B$BBLES: B$BBLES: Breast $terus Bowel Bladder Lochia Episotomy Surgical site (for Cesarean section)
Mis!arria%e& re!urrent mis!arria%e !auses RIBC'GE: RIBC'GE: Radiation Immune reaction Bugs (infection) Cervical incompetence 'natomical anomaly (uterine septum etc.) Genetic (aneuploidy, balanced translocation etc.) Endocrine
(or!eps& ini!ations for use (ORCEPS: (ORCEPS: (ully dilated cervix ) ["ero"! C# Ruptured membranes Cephalic or at least deliverable presentation$ Contracting uterus Episiotomy done$ Epidural done P%ss and S&%t (bladder and bowel empty)
Oral !ontra!epti*es& sie effe!ts CONTR'CEPTI+ES : Cholestatic 'aundice Oedema (corneal) Nasal congestion Thyroid dysfunction Raised 'cne$ 'lopecia$ 'naemia Cerebrovascular disease Elevated blood sugar Porphyria$ Pigmentation$ Pancreatitis Thromboembolism Intracranial hypertension +omiting (progesterone only) Erythema nodosum$ Extrapyramidal effects Sensitivity to light
Post-partum "aemorr"a%e ,PP.& !auses *+*s: Tissue (retained placenta) Tone (uterine atony) Trauma (traumatic delivery, episiotomy) Thrombin (coagulation disorders, #C)
C+S an amnio!entesis& 0"en performe "Chorionic" has 1 letters and Chorionic villus sampling performed at 1 wees gestation. "/lpha0etorotein" has 23 letters 23 letters and it*s measured at 23 wees 23 wees gestation.
S"ouler sto!ia& mana%ement ELPER: ELPER : Call for elp Episiotomy Legs up [1c2oberts position! Pressure subrapubically [not on fundus! Enter vagina for shoulder rotation Reach for posterior shoulder and deliver posterior shoulder$ Return head into vagina [avanelli maneuver! for C3section$ Rupture clavicle or pubic symphisis
Oral !ontra!epti*e !ompli!ations& 0arnin% si%ns 'CES: 'CES: 'bdominal pain Chest pain eadache (severe) Eye (blurred vision) Sharp leg pain
'lp"a-fetoprotein& !auses for in!rease maternal serum '(P urin% pre%nan! "Increased Maternal Serum 'lpha (eto Protein": Intestinal obstruction Multiple gestation$ Miscalculation of gestational age$ Myeloschisis Spina bifida cystica 'nencephaly$ 'bdominal wall defect (etal death Placental abruption
Earl !or !lampin%& ini!ations R'PI4 CS: CS: Rh incompatibility 'sphyxia Premature delivery Infections 4iabetic mother CS (caesarian CS (caesarian section) previously, so the funda is 2/# C4
Gestation perio5 oo!tes5 *a%inal p5 menstrual !!le& normal num6ers 7 is the normal p5 of the vagina. 76 wees is the normal gestation period. 766 oocytes released between menarche and menopause. 766,666 oocytes present at puberty. 89 days 89 days in a normal menstrual cycle. 896 896 days (from last normal menstrual period) in a normal gestation period.
's"erman snrome features Multiple pre%nan! !ompli!ations 'SERM'N: 'SERM'N : 'c-uired 'nomaly Secondary to Surgery ysterosalpingography confirms diagnosis Endometrial damage$ Eugonadotropic Repeated uterine trauma Missed Menses 'dhesions Normal estrogen and progesterone
I5 P'P': P'P' : ydramnios (oly) I782 Preterm labour 'ntepartum haemorrhage Pre3eclampsia 'bortion
(it35ugh3Curitis syndrome 'bscesses Chronic pelvic pain Ectopic pregnancy Peritonitis Intestinal obstruction 4isseminated: sepsis, endocarditis, arthritis, meninigitis Postpartum !ollapse& !auses EP'RINS: EP'RINS : emorrhage Eclampsia Pulmonary embolism 'mniotic fluid embolism Regional anaethetic complications Infarction (1) Neurogenic shoc Septic shoc
'PG'R s!ore !omponents SIRT: SIRT: Sin color: blue or pin eart rate: below ;66 or over ;66 Irritability (response to stimulation): none, grimace or cry Respirations: irregular or good Tone (muscle): some flexion or active
Prenatal !are :uestions 'BC4E: 'BC4E: 'mniotic fluid leaage9 Bleeding vaginally9 Contractions9 4ysuria9 Edema9 (etal movement9
'6ominal pain& !auses urin% pre%nan! L'R' CRO(T: CRO(T: Labour 'bruption of placenta Rupture (eg. ectopic$ uterus) 'bortion Cholestasis Rectus sheath haematoma Ovarian tumour (ibroids Torsion of uterus
Pree!lampsia& !lassi! tria PREeclampsia: PREeclampsia: Proteinuria Rising blood pressure Edema
(or!eps& ini!ations for eli*er (ORCEPS: (ORCEPS: (oetus alive Os dilated Ruptured membrane Cervix taen up Engagement of head Presentation suitable Sagittal suture in / diameter of inlet
(etus& !arinal mo*ements of fetus "4on*t (orget I En'oy Really Expensive E-uipment": 4escent (lexion Interal rotation Extension Restitution External rotation Expulsion
I$GR& !auses I$GR: I$GR: Inherited: chromosomal and genetic disorders $terus: placental insufficency General: maternal malnutrition, smoing Rubella and other congenital infecton
+a%inal p
Pel*i! Inflammator 4isease ,PI4.& !auses5 effe!ts "# C'N be C'N be EPIC": EPIC": = Causes: Chlamydia trachomatis 'ctinomycetes Neisseria gonorrhoeae = >ffects: Ectopic Pregnancy Infertility Chronic pain
4eli*er& instrumental eli*er prere:uisites
Pel*i! Inflammator 4isease ,PI4.& !ompli!ations
''BBCC44EE: ''BBCC44EE : 'nalgesia 'ntisepsis Bowel empty Bladder empty Cephalic presentation Consent 4ilated cervix 4isproportion (no C#) Engaged Episiotomy
I ('CE PI4: PI4 : Infertility
4sfun!tional uterine 6leein% ,4$B.& ; ma
Se!onar amenorr"ea& !auses SO'P: SO'P: Stress OC 'norexia Pregnancy
+reat PCOS with PCOS with OCP>s (oral OCP>s (oral contraceptive pills). 4$B: 4$B: 4on*t ovulate (anovulation: ?6@ of cases) $nusual corpus leuteum activity (prolonged or insufficient) Birth control pills (since increases progesterone3estrogen ratio)
Spontaneous a6ortion& efinition "4pontaneous abortion" has less t"an 8) letters 8) letters [it*s exactly ;? letters!. 4pontaneous abortion is defined as delivery or loss of products of conception at less t"an 8) wees 8) wees gestation.
RL= pain& 6rief female ifferential 'EIO$: 'EIO$: 'ppendicitis$ 'bscess Ectopic pregnancy$ Endometriosis Inflammatory disease (pelvic)$ I# Ovarian cyst (rupture, torsion) $teric colic$ $rinary stones
Post-partum "aemmorra%e ,PP.& ris# fa!tors P'RT$M: P'RT$M: Polyhydroamnios$ Prolonged labour$ Previous cesarian '5$ 'A+5 Recent bleeding history Twins $terine fibroids Multiparity
Omental !a#in%& li#eliest !ause Omental C'ing C'ing B Ovarian C' = "mental caing" is term for ascities, plus a fixed upper abdominal and pelvic mass. /lmost always signifies ovarian cancer.
(emale pel*is& s"apes G'P: G'P: = n order from most to least common: Gynecoid 'ndroid $' $'nthropoid Platypelloid
B-a%onist to!olti! ,C/I or 0arnin%. 'BC4E: 'BC4E: 'ngina (5eart disease) B high Chorioamnionitis 4iabetes Excessive bleeding
Sexual response !!le E?PLORE: E?PLORE: E?citement E?citement PLateau PLateau Orgasmic REsolution REsolution
La6our& preterm la6or !auses 4ISE'SE: 4ISE'SE : 4ehydration Infection Sex Exercise (strenuous) 'ctivities Stress Environmental factor ('ob, etc)
O*arian !an!er& ris# fa!tors Parit a66re*iations ,ie& G ;5 P 8)28. "To Peace 'nd Love": T: of Term pregnancies P: of Premature births ': of 'bortions (spontaneous or elective) L: of Live births = #escribes the outcomes of the total number of pregnancies (8ravida).
I$4& sie effe!ts P'INS: P'INS: Period that is late 'bdominal cramps Increase in body temperature Noticeable vaginal discharge Spotting
'lp"a-fetoprotein& some ma
Pol!sti! O*arian Snrome ,PCOS.& first line treatment
"Blue (ILM": (ILM": Breast cancer (amily history Infertility Low parity Mumps
'ntepartum "emorr"a%e ,'P.& ma
La6our& fa!tors 0"i!" etermine rate an out!ome of la6our D *s: Power: stength of uterine contractions Passage: sie of the pelvic inlet and outlet Passenger: the fetus33is it big, small, have anomalies, alive or dead
