PGDM-GLC-IB BATCH 2013-15
Scope for Mumbai Mobile Crèches in various Builders and Construction Companies in Mumbai as well as the Allied Industries
NAME & ROLL ROLL NO: Shashank Shashank Kumar Agrawal(PGDMAgrawal(PGDM- 3846) 3846) FACULTY GUIDE: Arjun Naik
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Acknowledgement
I would like to thank Professor Vandana Tripathi T ripathi for providing us an opportunity to work with an NGO and our Faculty guide Arjun Naik for her support and guidance for the project. I would like to greet sincerely the Programmed Co-coordinator of Mumbai Mobile Crèches Mrs. Vrushali Naik for guiding me at each and every step and also explaining my role, not only in the NGO but also what is expected from me by my future company. I am thankful to all other member of Mumbai Mobile Crèches, without whom I would have been unable to complete this very NGO project.
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Executive Summary
First day being the Introduction Session, annual reports were distributed to make understand the present status of the NGO. We were mainly assigned to prepare a presentation as to where in the NGO could pitch itself for further growth and which are the untouched area for them. Through the research and preparation of the presentation, we understood the various CSR activities of various allied industries of a construction company. We also visited two of the sites of the MMC in the following address:1. K. Raheja Corp., Hindoostan Viving and Spinning Mill, Jacob Circle, Agripada, Mahalaxmi (E). 2. H.C.C., Hiranandani Gardens, Next to BMC Health Post, Opp BG India Building, Powai.
The objective of our research was to prepare the giving documents:1. PowerPoint Presentation on the various Building and Construction Companies as well as their Allied Companies to help them plan out their future strategies. 2. Excel Document containing the Net Revenue and Net Worth of the said companies. 3. Word Documents containing the CSR Activities of the above said companies.
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Abbreviations Used:
1. NGO- Non Government Organization 2. CSR- Corporate Social Responsibilities. 3. MMC- Mumbai Mobile Crèches
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Table of Content
SR. NO 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
7.
8. 9.
SECTION Title page Acknowledgement Summary Abbreviations Table of contents, list of tables and figures Introduction Background/ history of NGO , Vision & mission statement Aim/objectives Activities undertaken by the NGO Student Project Activities Description of the project theme & area (location, if any) Project Objectives Major activities Outputs Outcomes/ Results Recommendations Over all Conclusions and recommendations to the NGO Learnings accumulated
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PAGE NO 1 2 3 4 5 6-8
9-22
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Introduction Background of Mumbai Mobile Crèches
Mobile Crèches was founded by Meera Mahadevan in 1969 in Delhi on the belief that every child has the fundamental right to security, education, health care and protection. A housewife at the time, she was passing a construction site when she was struck by the sight of a baby lying unattended and exposed to the harsh heat. The next day, she set up a tent, hired some help and started the first Mobile Crèche. This initiated a social movement whose guiding principle was - Early Childhood Matters. Since then, Mobile Crèches has developed a comprehensive day care service programme that meets children´s emotional, physical, cognitive and social development needs, and has pioneered the first Early Child Care Education (ECCE) programme for migrant workers´ children in this country. In April 2007, after over three decades of working as one organisation, Mobile Crèches has split into three separate entities - Mobile Crèches (Delhi), Mumbai Mobile Crèches and Tara Mobile Crèches (Pune). While this move has been to ensure administrative simplicity, the commitment and focus continues unchanged.
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Philosophy of Mumbai Mobile Crèches
Our vision is for all children to have a nurturing and happy childhood and our mission is to promote „child-friendly sites‟; where every child living on a construction site is safe, healthy and educated, and able to enjoy their childhood. For us, ensuring that the first few years of a child„s life are well nourished and stimulating is an essential foundation for a happy childhood, and we have a special focus on children below six. Aims and Objectives.
MMC views the following as its main challenges: (1) to break the cycle of poverty on the site by creating the support mechanisms and structure for children to receive stimulating child care and education and improved wellbeing; and (2) to promote the importance of child friendly construction sites among care givers, builders, contractors, civil society and the government. Providing stimulating child care is a poverty alleviation strategy that has numerous positive and empowering consequences for entire communities; such as improved nutrition, enhanced performance, self confidence, and higher school attendance, a reduction in teenage parenting, smaller, healthier families, and more economically productive individuals. Child development centres focusing on young children are essential to child protection, survival and growth.
Activities undertaken by Mumbai Mobile Crèches
MMC sees its role as multi-pronged. When set up on a site, our child development centre‟s:
Support the intellectual, emotional and physical development of the very young child and create the foundations required for school entry and high individual achievement;
Free older children from the burden of child care and child labor and help them enter and perform well in school;
Support the working mother who is reassured in the knowledge that her children are safe and looked after;
Provide guidance and support to parents on child rights, health and care, especially educating parents on the importance of crèches and balwadis on construction sites.
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In 2009-10 Mumbai, MMC ran 29 centres and reached almost 6000 children. Moreover, MMC champions the cause of young children on construction sites through its advocacy efforts with builders, civil society groups, NGOs and the government. MMC s slogan – Futures under ’
Construction, refers to the future of children living on construction sites, as well as the organization
s vision for inclusive futures throughout India.
’
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Student Project Activities Project Theme On Day 1, we were suggested to visit one of the sites of MMC to understand the actual working environment of the Crèches. We learnt that they follow a schedule which differs according to the age group of the children. From Day 2 onwards, we started with the research and preparation for the Po werPoint presentation. We assigned each of us with different work for better co-ordination which are as follows:Himanshi Srivastava
Word Document on the CSR activities of Paint Industry, Cement Industry
Rohina Banerjee
Word Document on the CSR activities of Elevation Companies, Construction companies. PowerPoint presentation
Akhil Gupta
Word Document on the CSR activities of Construction Companies, Iron and Steel Industry, PowerPoint Presentation
Shashank Agarwal
Word Document on the CSR activities of Construction Companies. Excel Document.
Project Objective The main objective of this presentation was to find out the opportunities for Mumbai Mobile Crèches to pitch themselves in the companies where they still have scope and how to comprehend Mumbai Mobile Crèches with the CSR Bill. It also gives a broad view of how the NGO can present themselves to the Allied Companies.
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CSR BILL Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is now accepted as a means to achieve sustainable development of an organization. Hence, it needs to be accepted as an organizational objective. The Companies Bill, 2012 will make Indian companies to consciously work towards that objective, as it requires a prescribed class of companies to spend a portion of their profits on CSR activities.
CSR impacts almost every area of operations: governance and ethics; employee hiring, providing opportunity; stakeholders benefit sharing and energy usage and environment protection. The Companies Bill, 2012 intends to inculcate the philosophy of CSR among Indian companies. STIPULATIONS OF THE COMPANIES BILL, 2012
Every company with net worth of Rs 500 crore or more, or turnover of Rs 1,000 crore or more or a net profit of Rs 5 crore or more during any financial year to constitute a CSR Committee of the Board consisting of three or more directors, of which at least one director shall be an independent director. The Board‟s report to disclose the composition of the CSR Committee. The main functions of the CSR Committee are to: 1. Formulate and recommend to the board, a CSR policy indicating the activity or activities to be undertaken by the company as specified in Schedule VII of the Act; 2. Recommend the amount to be spent on these activities; and 3. Monitor the company's CSR policy periodically.
After the CSR Committee makes it recommendations, Board of the company shall approve the CSR Policy and disclose contents of such policy in its report and also place it on the company's website. Further, details about the policy developed and implemented by the company on CSR initiatives during the year to be included in the Board's report every year. Boards to ensure that the activities listed in the CSR Policy are undertaken by the company. Board to ensure that at least 2% of average net profits of the company in the three immediately preceding financial years are spent in every financial year on such activity. Preference to be given to the local area and areas around the company operates for CSR spending. If a company fails to provide or spend such amount, Board to specify reasons in its report for that failure. Companies required to comply with CSR shall give additional Information by way of notes to the Statement of Profit and Loss about the aggregate expenditure on CSR activities. Schedule VII of the Companies Bill 2012 prescribes activities that may be included by companies in their CSR policies: 10
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Eradicating extreme hunger and poverty; Promotion of education; Promoting gender equality and empowering women Reducing child mortality and improving maternal health; Combating human immunodeficiency virus, acquired immune deficiency syndrome, malaria and other diseases; 6. Ensuring environmental sustainability; 7. Employment enhancing vocational skills; 8. Social business projects; 9. Contribution to the Prime Minister's National Relief Fund or any other fund set up by the Central Government or the State Governments for socioeconomic development and relief and funds for the welfare of the Scheduled Castes, the Scheduled Tribes, other backward classes, minorities and women; and; 10. Other matters as may be prescribed. Impact/Industry Response:
With CSR spending becoming mandatory for prescribed class of companies, there is bound to be increased engagement of companies with social and development projects. So far, there were only voluntary guidelines for companies to follow.
The rationales for CSR activity is that corporate earn their profit by exploiting different resources of the society, and so a portion of the benefit derived by them should be channeled for the betterment of society. Though compulsory CSR spending may seem burdensome for some class of companies, it will create of a sense of responsibility among Corporate, especially when they see benefits in the long term. Children, women, uneducated, and unemployed would be among the beneficiaries as CSR activities may be focused on them. The intention of policy makers is quite clear - to report business community's contribution for fulfillment of social, environmental and economic responsibilities. While contribution to the local community is a good objective, businesses should choose social, environmental and economic activities that contribute to society at large. CSR activities will also help improve the image of a company within the society as one that cares for the community. Significantly, there is no penalty for defaulting on CSR norms. Only an explanation is to be given by the board in its report for such non-compliance. So, it seems there is no real coercive factor. The Government has adopted a "Gandhi wad" with the provision - either contribute to society or inform to society why you are not contributing.
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Existing CSR Activities of some companiesCompany Major CSR Initiatives Name ITC Limited
e-Choupal, social & farm forestry, watershed development, empowerment, livestock development, primary education
women's
Infosys
Employees take up social causes like education, rural rehabilitation and inclusive growth. energy conservation, water sustainability, afforestation, waste management, awareness on carbon footprint.
Jubiliant Work Sciences
Basic healthcare facilities, supporting government rural primary education system, developing resource pool through vocational training programmes.
Reliance Industries Limited
Health, education, infrastructure development (drinking water, improving village infrastructure, construction of schools etc.), environment (effluent treatment, tree plantation, treatment of hazardous waste), relief and assistance in the event of a natural disaster, and miscellaneous activities such as contribution to other social development organizations.
Expected contribution for CSR after the CSR provisions are enforcedNo. Name of the companies Average Profits(of the FY 2009- Proposed contribution in CSR 10, 2010-11, 2011-12) (2% of the Average Profits) (Amt in Rs. millions) (Amt in Rs. millions)
1.
GAIL LIMITED
2.
HINDUSTAN UNILEVER LTD
23,998.00
479.96
3.
Infosys
69,053.33
1,381.07
4.
Larsen & Tourbo Ltd 42,633.03
852.66
5.
NTPC Ltd
1,803.63
(INDIA) 34,516.03
690.32
90,181.73
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How Can We Expand Builders.
1. Hiranandani Group The major CSR initiatives taken by the group are listed below:
Whole hearted support to the Mobile Crèches project- The company helps with financial assistance besides creating the necessary infrastructure.
Supporting rehabilitation of the members of the MBA Foundation, a Mumbai based NGO that works towards rehabilitation of disabled individuals.
Regular drive and awareness camps organized by the local ALMs (Area Local Management) for cleaner surroundings, garbage disposal, water preservation etc., have picked up in the recent past. The local social workers also co-ordinate well in awareness campaigns.
2. Nahar Group The major CSR initiatives taken by the group are listed below: Nahar Group has initiated multiple charitable institutions in Rajasthan and Mumbai. 3. GVK Infra The major CSR initiatives taken by the group are listed below: GVK has provided housing facilities to 1000 underprivileged people in Kothur village of Nellore in the state of Andhra Pradesh. It has also constructed pakka houses for weaker sections in Manikhera Village, Mukatsar District, Punjab. Education- GVK CSIA extends support for education by visiting residents of nearby villages. Stationaries are distributed to the children to equip them with the basic tools for attending schools. 4. Neptune Group The major CSR initiatives taken by the group are listed below:
Dharamshala in Kutch, Gujrat.
Old age home at Rajur.
Siddhivinayak Trust - Providing water to devotees free ever y Tuesday.
Mobile Creches.
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Support to Asara foundation, Ehsaas, Amcha Ghar, Balkanya Nagri (a Trust which works for welfare of orphaned children)
Support to Parvara Rural Education Society (an Organisation which works for the empowerment of rural youth).
Support to SaNiSa (a Trust which works for welfare of lesser privileged women).
5. Lodha Group The major CSR initiatives taken by the group are listed below:
Educational Training
Vocational Training
Spritiual Activities
Other Social Activities:
Lodha‟s Foundation Ambulance Service
Funds for upkeep of schools, temples and cremation centres in needy areas
Present: Current Lodha Group has joined hands with Khushii for the event India on canvas 07. Khushii NGO spread headed by KapilDev work for the upliftment of the poor and destitute communities in both rural and urban India. 6. Kukreja Group The major CSR initiatives taken by the group are listed below: IT has provided housing facilities to 1000 underprivileged people in Kamothe village of Raigad in the state of Maharashtra. It has also constructed pakka houses for weaker sections in Raigad District, Navi Mumbai. 7. Bhumi Raj The major CSR initiatives taken by the group are listed below:
Educational Training
Vocational Training
Spiritual Activities
Other Social Activities:
Funds for upkeep of schools, temples and centers in needy areas.
8. Paradise Group The major CSR initiatives taken by the group are listed below: 14
It entrust a task and bring awareness camps organized by the local community (Area Local Management) for cleaner surroundings, garbage disposal, water preservation etc., have picked up in the recent past. The local social workers also co-ordinate well in awareness campaigns.
9. Shah Brothers Our focus areas are healthcare, education, sustainable livelihood, infrastructure and espousing social causes. Healthcare: Nirmaya Hospital – Kharghar Education: Financial assistance for worker children working in their building is provided to students from time to time.
Allied Industries
1) Cement Industries a) Ambuja Cement:Ambuja Cement Foundation was adjudged the winner of FICCI Water Awards – 2013. NABARD recognized Ambuja Cement Foundation for its best efforts as a corporate partner in development initiatives of NABARD The Home Based Neonatal Care (HBNC) programme was started in 2006-07 and presently has 180 village functionaries working in 160 villages for maternal and child health care. Ambuja Manovikas Kendra is the only facility for special children in the entire district of Ropar and fills in the gap in essential services for these children. b) ACC Cement Education: Education is imparted not only to children of ACC employees but also more importantly to children from rural areas who do not have access to any medium of information or education Healthcare: ACC takes pride in providing various forms of medical assistance to the families of our employees and also to all those living in surrounding villages.
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HIV/AIDS - Workplace Policy: ACC is desirous of playing a meaningful role in the nationwide effort to eradicate HIV/AIDS and has pledged to support the Confederation of Indian Industry in their initiative. Disaster Relief: ACC and its employees make timely contribution to help in any national disaster. This is done both at the corporate level, by local units and employees. c) UltraTech Cement Education:
Balwadis
Adult Education
Non-formal Education Continuing
Education:Scholarship
for
girls,
merit
and
technical
education. Health and family welfare: •
Mobile clinics
•
Medical camps
•
Health training and awareness
•
Sanitaion and safe drinking water
The single minded goal here is to help build model villages that can stand on their own feet. d) JP Cement 1. Financial assistance towards the project Khilta Bachpan - day care center at the construction sites in Delhi NCR. 2. Financial assistance for Medicines for the poor attending the OPD treatment at Sion Hospital at Mumbai. 3. Financial assistance towards the project of providing treatment support to 39 patients. e) India Cement Education – It provides a wide range of scholarships and programs in all our main operating locations to encourage quality education, to enable the least
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privileged people to achieve functional literacy, and to support deserving students financially. Water and sanitation – In remote Indian villages where safe drinking water is scarce. f) JK Cement Health – It has introduced numerous community health programes in India addressing such important issues as mother and child health. The Lifeline Express, the world‟s first hospital on rails, offers on-the-spot diagnostic. Human capital – Tata Steel helps to create sustainable livelihoods for people in all its communities around the world. g) Ramco Cement Tata Steel has always recognized the value of sport in contributing to both physical and mental well-being, and sponsors many sporting events and activities. It is undertaking several projects in India to improve agricultural productivity and so raise the living standards of poor farmers and their families. h) Prism Cement Actively involving ourselves in the rehabilitation of Tsunami victims, organizing contests and celebrations for the children of BMC workers and painting Mumbai to make it a brighter place to live in, these are just some of the ventures we believe in and have associated with so far. 2) Steel Industries i) SAIL Financial assistance towards the project Khilta Bachpan - d ay care center at the construction sites in Delhi NCR. Financial assistance for Medicines for the poor attending the OPD treatment at RKM Hospital at Vrindavan. Financial assistancetowards the project of providing treatmentsupport to 39 patients. j) Tata Steel
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Health: Mother and child health, adolescent reproductive and sexual health and HIV/AIDS. Water and sanitation: Potable water to communities through tankers or piped water distribution systems and hand pumps. Tata Steel Rural Development Society has set a goal of providing every single household within the Company‟s operating areas with a secure supply of safe water. Education: Provides a wide range of scholarships and programmes in all our main operating locations to encourage quality education, to enable the least privileged people to achieve functional literacy, and to support deserving students financially. k) JSW Steel As a responsible organization, we are committed to investing a minimum of 2 percent of our PAT towards community development. Employees are encouraged to contribute up to 40 hours towards community development activities per employee per year. Education: Computer literacy, providing mid day meal. Health: Medical camp, health camps, family welfare programme, cataract camp. 3) Paint Industries l) Asian Paint Age Care:
The company conducts various health camps for the aged. Asian
Paints operates Mobile Medicare Units (MMUs) in association with the NGO Helpage India to provide medical aid to the doorsteps of the needy senior citizens. Total Water Management: Asian Paints has built a Total Water Management (TWM) Centre, at its Bhandup manufacturing facility, which is the first of its kind in the entire country to save water as Fresh water is a limited and scarce resource that's often taken for granted. Education: The Penta Plant located at Cuddalore (Tamil Nadu) has adopted a government higher secondary school in the village of Karaikadu in the nearby area. m) Burger Cement 18
Various activities have been undertaken at the corporate and manufacturing units in the areas related to environment, health education, child development, etc through the following programmes.
Participation in Polio Immunization Programme for the eradication of polio
Partnering with organizations for sponsoring under privileged and destitute children
Sponsorship of education of children who come from poor financial background
Initiatives for a cleaner environment through the awareness programmes, plantations and green belt development programmes.
Donations have been given to the charitable institutions and social welfare organizations working for the cause of the upliftment of the poor and downtrodden.
Infrastructure development at the vicinity of the various manufacturing locations.
n) Kansai Nerolac Paints Health:
Timely health check-ups, eye check-ups, dental check-ups in various parts of the country.
Donated 20 wheelchairs to the physically handicapped local people in Mati HQ, Jainpur.
Education:
Donated necessities , water tanker, laboratory equipments etc to schools for lower/poor class.
Provided computers for a Computer Vocational Center started y Deeds Public Charitable Trust.
Financial aid to the deserving students of the economically weaker strata.
o) Shalimaar Paints
Shalimar shall endeavour to operate all the plants and facilities in a manner to ensure a clean and healthy environment. 19
Shalimar shall strive to achieve reduction of wastage and ensure optimize resource utilization through source reduction, recycle or reuse of waste.
Shalimar shall impart training and education to all employees to work in a manner which maximizes protection of the environment.
p) Dulux Paints
Partnering with organizations for sponsoring under privileged and destitute children.
Sponsorship of education of children who come from poor financial background.
Financial aid to the deserving students of the economically weaker strata.
q) Nippon Paints
Donations have been given to the charitable institutions and social welfare organizations working for the cause of the upliftment of the poor and downtrodden.
Infrastructure development at the vicinity of the various manufacturing locations.
4) Hardware Industries r) Greenply
Greenply also makes a positive environmental contribution in the local community by encouraging open communication, general environmental awareness and the promotion of community projects.
More than 75% of the Energy Consumption of the Manufacturing Plants producing Laminates is met through renewable energy sources, which means we are already saving more than 300% our energy consumptions.
The above is achieved through the usage of Bio-Mass and the wood waste. We are the first in the industry to gain carbon Credits under UNFCC framework for this Bio-Mass consumption and avoidance of Carbon usage.
The sourcing of the bio-mass husk, also enables farmers to gain an increased livelihood, as otherwise it would have been going to landfills.
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Greenply also enable a framework of giving back to the planet, and through various mediums is involved in planting close to 0.5 Million saplings in the forest tribal areas of India.
s) Century Ply
Building school near its factories, where the children of workers and the children of the region can study, to implementing self appraisal systems that allow Century ply to keep in step with its employees thought processes. •
Century Shiksha Niketan, salt lake, kolkata.
•
Sri Sri Academy School Kolkata.
5) Elevation t) Kone India
Contributing to the development of sustainable buildings
We actively follow the latest green building and energy efficiency trends related to elevators through our involvement in the working groups that are defining new ISO standards, developing parts two and three of the VDI 4707 guidelines, as well as through our involvement with green building associations. KONE also participates in the development of international energy measurement standards.
u) Otis Safety and reliability have been Otis’ foremost concerns since our company’s earliest days. Today, Otis has one of the best safety records in the
vertical transportation industry. Otis emphasizes a corporate policy of “safety first” and implements standardized procedures to ensure that every installation and service task is performed the safest way, every time. v) Fujitech India
Complete involvement in making green building and providing energy efficient in its product.
Today,company has one of the best safety records in the vertical transportation industry. We work constantly to improve the safety of existing products and develop safer technologies for new products. 21
w) Mitsubishi Electric
We continue to reduce energy consumption and increase the ecoefficiency of our solutions.
Our processes fulfill ISO 14001 and green building requirements.
We communicate, and gain recognition, as the most eco-efficient company in our industry.
We continue to minimize the carbon footprint of our operations.
x) Schindler Elevators
Launched a completely renewed elevator offering that is 35% more energy efficient than the 2010 offering in Europe and 20 – 28% more energy efficient in Asia Pacific.
Carbon footprint decreased by 2.5%. The carbon footprint of assured scope 1 and scope 2 GHG emissions relative to net sales decreased by 7.5
y) Hitachi Lift
ISO 14001 certified
HITACHI is valued as the leader in sustainability and eco-efficiency in our industry, report according to GRI3 B level.
Reduce operational carbon footprint relative to net sales by 3% annually.
Further improve the energy efficiency of the next generation HITACHI elevators and escalators.
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Conclusion A lot of research helped us to learn the various CSR activities of big and reputed companies like the Asian Paints, J.K Cement, Raheja Builders, Lodha Builders and many more. They also helped us to prepare the Presentations at a more corporate level. Visit to the Crèches taught us the level of commitment the MMC requires from their employees and volunteers. Mumbai Mobile Crèches can focus their concentration on companies like the Paint Industries, Hardware Industries and other Manufacturing companies as they involve labor class and thus those labors would require additional help through Mumbai Mobile Crèches. Social Mapping is an essential requirement for any NGO, working for the benefit of the slums because through the social map NGO is able to identify the whole area on which they are working and can plan the activities they can initiate for their benefit. It is also beneficial in order to generate funds from investors because by going through the map the investor can come to know that up to what area NGO is targeting to cover the money they are investing in the NGO is actually less or more than required. But while doing the mapping we faced many challenges like communication barriers, confusing streets, Physical tiredness etc. but in spite of that also we overcomes that and tried to cover as much area as possible to cover within three week
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Recommendations After working for three weeks with the MMC and roaming in slum what I realized that their change agents are mostly women so they are able to influence only girls and women and the youths and males are not the active participants of any activity organized by the MMC, so one thing what I want to recommend to MMC is to increase awareness among the males and motivate them in the same manner as they are motivating the women because if youths are being motivated and started participating in helping MMC then the success rate of development may increase. Secondly what I would suggest is that MMC should work to increase its visibility within the locality, as after visiting in the slum for three weeks what I realized that peoples living in the area are somewhere not aware of the presence of the MMC, so up to some extent MMC needs to advertise itself in the locality so that the peoples living over there comes to take the benefit from the NGO. Thirdly, MMC can go for collaboration with some government or non-government bodies for the development of the locality.
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Learning Working with MMC helped us a lot in understanding that how peoples are ready to help the others without expecting something in return, how a nonprofit generating body works to develop a locality, we as a common people should also do something which can be helpful for the society. As per our work assigned as social mapping we may not be directly doing some benefit for the society but our work would help the MMC in planning their activities in broader way which ultimately would help the society. After working with MMC for three week and mapping in the area of Navi Mumbai for doing survey we come to know that there are lots of development is required everywhere, though we are living in the financial capital of the country but there are still many things in the society which needs to be developed. Peoples living in the allied industries are very reluctant for the change and are not ready to except the changes done even for their benefits. So, we also need to motivate peoples living in those areas to raise their standard of living because we cannot help others unless and until they don‟t want to help themselves.
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