NEBB Sound-And-Vibration Procedural Standard LATEST

Procedural Standard for Measurement of Sound and Vibration Vibration

2015 – Third Edition R

8575 Grovemont Circle Gaithersburg, Maryland 20877 Tel 301-977-3698 Fax 301-977-9589 www.nebb.org

PROCEDURAL STANDARD STANDARD FOR MEASUREMENT MEASURE MENT OF SOUND AND VIBRATION

©Copyright NEBB, 2015 FIRST EDITION - January 1977 FIRST EDITION - January 1994 SECOND EDITION - September 2006 THIRD EDITION - September 2015

This book may not be reproduced reproduced in any form without written permission of the t he copyright owner. owner. This Procedural Standard was developed using reliable engineering principles and research plus consultation with, and information obtained from, manufacturers, manufacturers, users, testing laboratories and others having specialized experience. experience. It is subject to revision as further experience and investigation may show is necessary or desirable. Sound and vibration measurements and reporting, which complies with these Procedural Standard, will not necessarily be acceptable, if when examined and tested, it is found to have other features that impair the result intended by this Standard. NEBB assumes no responsibility and has no liability for the application of the principles or techniques contained in this Procedural Standard. Authorities considering adoption of this Procedural Standard should review all Federal, State, local and contract regulations applicable to the specific installation.

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Foreword

The purpose of the NEBB Procedural Standard for Measurement of Sound and Vibration is to establish a uniform and systematic set of criteria for the performance of the sound and vibration testing of environmental and building operations. Today’s buildings provide highly controlled indoor environments. These conditions could not exist without sophisticated mechanical systems created by a team of skilled professionals. A key member of this team is the NEBB Certified Sound and Vibration (S&V) Firm. This publication is identified as the “Third Edition”. In fact, this is the fourth Procedural Procedural Standard that NEBB has produced for the Sound and Vibration program. The first publication (1977) focused on the measurement and reporting of sound and vibration levels. The second publication (1994) added the dimension of assessment to the S&V firm’s responsibility. responsibility. The third publication (2006) returned the focus of the discipline back to its foundation; measurement and reporting of S&V data and was published as the Second Edition. These standards and procedures are intended as the minimum NEBB requirements that a NEBB Certified S&V Firm shall follow when performing sound and vibration measurements and reporting the results. Contract documents may supersede the NEBB requirements. requirements.

Part 1. STAND STANDARDS ARDS Part 1, STANDARDS, covers the requirements for Quality Control and Compliance, Instrumentation Requirements, and S&V Reports. Revised requirements for sound and vibration instrumentation and reports are identified.

Part 2. PROCEDURES Part 2, PROCEDURE PROCEDURES, S, covers measurement procedures procedures of sound and vibration testing for building systems.

APPENDICES The Appendices includes both long and short form of suggested NEBB S&V specifications, and sample report forms. This edition of the S&V Procedural Procedural Standard, when used by NEBB Certified S&V Firms, will assure the building owner of standard accurate reporting of sound and vibration levels for their facilities.


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CONTRIBUTORS FOR CURRENT AND PREVIOUS EDITIONS Current S&V Committee:

Past Contributors:

Kevin Gaghan - Chairman Alexandria, Virginia

James R. Bell, PE Dallas, Texas

Stuart McGregor, PE Englewood, Colorado Patrick Michels, Menomonie, Wisconsin

William T. Bride, Jr. Lawrence, Lawrenc e, Massachusetts W. David Bevirt, PE Tucson, Arizona

Deceased

Barry Clark, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Mike Dolim, Gaithersburg, MD Chris Fulton, Past–Chairm Past–Chairman, an, Indianapolis, IN Bruce Giles, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia George B. Hightower, PE Deceased Atlanta, GA Lester W. Lang, St. Louis, Missouri Jack Prince, Dallas,, Texas Dallas

Deceased

Kenneth C. Smith, PE Elizabethtown, Pennsy Pennsylvania lvania John Wingate, Jr. Riverside, California Joseph C. Zern, Manor, Texas Andrew P. Nolfo, PE Phoenix, Arizona

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Contents

CONTRIBUTORS FOR CURRENT AND PREVIOUS EDITIONS .....................................................................................ii

PART I. STANDARDS Section 1.

NEBB NEB B PROGRAM, PROGRAM, QUALITY CONTROL CONTROL AND COMPLIANCE .............................................. 1 1.1 S&V PROFESSIONAL RESPONSIBILITIES............. ............................ .............................. .............................. .............................. .......................... ........... 1

1.1.1 1.1.1 1.1.2 1.1.3 1.1.4 1.1. 4 1.1.5 1.1.6 1.1.7 1.1. 7 1.1.8

Execution of S&V Procedu Procedures res ............................... ............................................................... ................................................................. ..................................1 .1 Technician Training raining.....................................................................................................................1 .....................................................................................................................1 S&V Procedur Procedures es Training............................. .............................................................. ................................................................. ............................................ ............11 Instrument Use and Maintenance............................. ............................................................. ............................................................ ............................ 1 Coordination/Supervision........................................................................................................1 Project Communication ............................... ................................................................ ................................................................. ........................................... ........... 2 Work Completion ................................ ................................................................ ................................................................ ...................................................... ...................... 2 Compilation and Submission of Final S&V Reports ............................. ........................................................ ........................... 2

Section 2. RESPONSIBILITIES ................................................................................................................ 3 2.1 INTRODUCTION ............. ............................ .............................. .............................. .............................. .............................. .............................. .............................. ....................... ........3 3 2.2 DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION TEAM RESPONSIBILITIES ............. ............................ .............................. ....................... ........3 3

2.2.1 2.2.2 2.2.3

Design Professional’ Professional’ss Responsibilities ................................. ................................................................. ................................................ ................ 3 Construction Team Responsibilities............................... ................................................................ ...................................................... ..................... 3 NEBB Certified S&V Firm Responsibilities .............................. ............................................................... ...........................................4 ..........4

STANDARDS ANDARDS FOR INSTRUMENT INSTRUMENTA ATION AND CALIBRA CALIBRATION TION ............................................ 5 Section 3. ST 3.1 MINIMUM INSTRUMENT INSTRUMENTA ATION .............. ............................. .............................. .............................. .............................. .............................. .......................5 ........5 3.2 RANGE AND ACCURA ACCURACY CY ............... .............................. .............................. .............................. .............................. .............................. ............................. ................... ..... 6 3.3 CALIBRA CALIBRATION TION ............. ............................ .............................. .............................. .............................. .............................. .............................. .............................. ........................... ............ 6

STANDARDS ANDARDS FOR REPORTS REPORTS AND FORMS...........................................................................8 Section 4. ST 4.1 REPORTS ............... .............................. .............................. ............................. ............................. .............................. .............................. .............................. .............................. .................... ..... 8 4.2 REQUIRED PAGES .............. ............................. .............................. .............................. .............................. .............................. .............................. .............................. ................... .... 8

4.2.1 4.2.2 4.2.3 4.2.4 4.2.5 4.2.6 4.2.7 4.2.8

Report Title (Page) .............................. .............................................................. ................................................................ ...................................................... ...................... 8 Report Certification (Page)............................... ............................................................... ................................................................. ......................................9 .....9 Table of Contents (Page).............................. .............................................................. ................................................................. ........................................... ..........9 9 Instrument Calibration (Page) ............................... ............................................................... ................................................................ ................................ 9 Vibration Measureme Measurement nt Report Forms (Page) ............................ ............................................................. .....................................9 ....9 Sound Measuremen Measurementt Report Forms (Page)............................. ............................................................. .......................................... ..........9 9 Report Summary Summary/Remarks /Remarks (Pages (Pages)) ................................ ................................................................ ................................................... ................... 10 Abbreviations............................. .............................................................. ................................................................. .............................................................. .............................. 10


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PART II. PROCEDURES SOUND & VIBRATION VIBRATION PROCEDURES ........................................................11 Section 5. PRELIMINARY SOUND 5.1 INTRODUCTION ............... .............................. .............................. .............................. .............................. .............................. .............................. .............................. .................... ..... 11 5.2 EXAMINATION OF CONTRACT DOCUMENTS ......................................................................11

5.2.1 5.2.2

Specification Examination................................ ................................................................. ................................................................. ..................................... ..... 11 Drawing Examination .............................. .............................................................. ................................................................ ................................................ ................ 11

5.3 SUBMITT SUBMITTAL AL DRAWINGS DRAWINGS EXAMINA EXAMINATION TION ............... .............................. .............................. .............................. .............................. .................... ..... 11 5.4 CONSTRUCTION FIELD INSPECTION VERIFICATIONS ........................................................11

5.4.1 5.4.1 5.4.2 5.4.3

Inspection Checklist................................. ................................................................. ................................................................ ............................................... ............... 12 Construction Readiness............................... ............................................................... ................................................................. .......................................... ......... 13 Construction Readiness Report ............................ ............................................................. ............................................................... .............................. 13

5.5 CONDITIONS REQUIRED REQUIRED FOR VIBRATION VIBRATION MEASUREMENTS.............. ............................. ............................. .............. 13 5.6 CONDITIONS REQUIRED REQUIRED FOR SOUND SOUND MEASUREMENTS .............. ............................. .............................. ..................... ...... 14

5.6.1 5.6.2 5.6.3

Interior.........................................................................................................................................14 Exterior.............................. .............................................................. ................................................................. .................................................................. ......................................... ........ 14 Environmental Environmen tal Systems ................................ ................................................................ ................................................................. ......................................... ........ 15

VIBRATION TION MEASUREMENT PROCEDURES ..................................................................... 16 Section 6. VIBRA 6.1 EQUIPMENT ST STARTUP ARTUP ............... .............................. .............................. .............................. .............................. .............................. .............................. ....................... ........ 16 6.2 VIBRATION SOURCES ..................................................................................................................16 6.3 VIBRATION SCOPE ........................................................................................................................16

6.3.1 6.3.2 6.3. 2 6.3.3 6.3.4

Vibration Scope Methods ............................. ............................................................. ................................................................ ........................................ ........ 16 Engineering Engin eering Contr Contract act Documen Documents ts............. .......................... ........................... ............................ ............................ ........................... ........................... .................. ....16 16 Minimum NEBB Require Requirements ments.............................. ............................................................... .............................................................. ............................. 16 Negotiated Contract ................................. ................................................................. ................................................................. .............................................. ............. 16

6.4 MEASUREMENT PROCEDURES .................................................................................................16

6.4.1 6.4.1 6.4.2 6.4.3

Measurement Procedur Measurement Procedures es ............................ ............................................................. ................................................................. ........................................ ........ 16 Other Sources that may Affect Measureme Measurements nts Results ............................ .............................................. .................. 17 Location and Attachment ff Acceler Accelerometer ometer (T (Transducer) ransducer)............................. .......................................... ............. 17

6.5 DATA MEASUREMENTS ..............................................................................................................18 6.6 MEASUREMENT LOCATIONS.....................................................................................................18

6.6.1 6.6.2 6.6.3

Measurements on Equipment ................................ Measurements ................................................................ ............................................................. ............................. 18 Measurements Measureme nts on Equipment Bases ............................... ............................................................... .................................................. .................. 18 Measurements Measureme nts on Building Structure.............................. .............................................................. .................................................. .................. 19

Section 7. SOUND MEASUREMENT PROCEDURES ........................................................................... 20 7.1 EQUIPMENT ST STARTUP ARTUP ............... .............................. .............................. .............................. .............................. .............................. .............................. ...................... ....... 20 7.2 SOUND SOURCES.............. ............................. .............................. .............................. .............................. .............................. .............................. .............................. ................. .. 20 7.3 SOUND SCOPE .............. ............................. .............................. .............................. .............................. .............................. .............................. .............................. ...................... ....... 20

7.3.1 7.3.2 7.3.3

Sound Scope Methods .............................. .............................................................. ................................................................. ............................................ ........... 20 Engineering Contract Documents ............................... ............................................................... ...................................................... ...................... 20 Minimum NEBB Measureme Measurement nt Location Requir Requirements ements............................. ............................................. ................ 20

Contents

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7.3.4

Negotiated Contract ................................ ................................................................ ................................................................. ............................................... .............. 21

7.4 MEASUREMENT PROCEDURES .............. ............................. ............................. ............................. .............................. .............................. ........................ ......... 21

7.4. .4.11 7.4.2 7.4.3 7.4.4 7.4.5 7.4.6

Measurement Procedu Measurement Procedures res................................. ................................................................. ................................................................. .................................... ... 21 Field Calibration of Instrumentation .............................. ............................................................... .................................................... ................... 21 Measurement Measureme nt Locations.............................. ............................................................... ................................................................. ......................................... ......... 21 Sound Level Meter Orientation ............................. ............................................................. .............................................................. .............................. 21 Other Sources............................ ............................................................ ................................................................. ............................................................... .............................. 21 Background Sound Levels ............................ ............................................................ ................................................................. .........................................22 ........22

7.5 MINIMUM DA DATA MEASUREMENTS .............. ............................. .............................. .............................. .............................. .............................. ............... 22

APPENDICES Appendix A.

SAMPLE S&V SPECIFICA SPECIFICATION TION – LONG FORM ............................ ............................................................. ..................................... .... 23

Appendix B.

SAMPLE S&V SPECIFICA SPECIFICATION TION – SHORT FORM ................................ ............................................................... ............................... 28

Appendix C.

SAMPLE VIBRA VIBRATION TION REPORT ................................ ................................................................. .......................................................... ......................... 32

Appendix D.

SAMPLE SOUND REPORT ............................. .............................................................. ................................................................. ...................................40 ...40

Appendix E.

DESIGN GUIDELINES FOR HVAC-RELA HVAC-RELATED TED SOUND IN ROOMS (NC AND RC RATINGS) .................................................................................................47

Appendix F.

VIBRATION VIBRA TION LIMIT CRITERIA ....................................................................................... 48

Appendix G.

DEFINITIONS COMMON TO ALL DISCIPLINES ............................. ............................................................. .................................. .. 50

Appendix H.

ACRONYMS ................................ ................................................................. ................................................................. ....................................................... ....................... 5 7

INDEX

.........................................................................................................................................5 8

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PART 1. STANDARDS

Section 1. NEBB PROGRAM, QUALITY CONTROL AND COMPLIANCE 1.1 S&V PROFESSIONAL RESPONSIBILITIES It is the responsibility of the NEBB Qualified S&V Certified Professional to control the quality of the S&V work. This means that the NEBB Certified S&V Firm, through its NEBB Qualified S&V Certified Professional, shall satisfy the contract obligations set forth in the drawings and applicable specifications.

1.1.1 EXECUTION OF S&V PROCEDURES PROCEDURES The NEBB Qualified S&V Certified Professional shall have project responsibility, which includes authority to represent the NEBB Certified S&V Firm. Examples of project responsibility may include labor decisions, negotiating change orders, committing to contract interpretations and implementing changes in job schedules. The NEBB Qualified S&V Certified Professional has the responsibility to assure that the measurements of sound and vibration have been performed in accordance with this Procedural Standard and the contract documents to assure the accuracy of all data included in the final S&V report. Factors such as instrument use, coordination/supervision, work instructions, and project communication play a critical role in achieving this t his requirement.

1.1.2 TECHNICIAN TRAINING The NEBB Qualified S&V Certified Professional Professional has a responsibility to assure that technicians performing the work are properly trained and possess sufficient skills. Areas that should be stressed are S&V procedures, instrument use and maintenance, coordination and supervision, and project communication.

1.1.3 S&V PROCEDURES TRAINING NEBB S&V Certified Professionals Professional s and Certified TechTechnicians must be prepare prepared d to completely measure and record data in the manner specified. It is mandatory that NEBB S&V Certified Professionals and Certified Technicians possess the ability to perform the specific tasks and procedures required for each project. An understanding of building system fundamentals and operating characteristics is important. This may require periodic training to promote knowledge and skill development as well as to facilitate the transfer of knowledge and basic skills in the use of new technology.

1.1.4 INSTRUMENT USE AND MAINTENANCE NEBB S&V Certified Professionals shall possess knowledge and skill in the proper use and care of instruments required to perform the work. This shall include a thorough understanding of the operating principles and use of S&V equipment and instruments, in accordance with NEBB and the instrument manufacturer’s recommendations.

1.1.5 COORDINATION/SUPERVISION The NEBB S&V Certified Professional shall be responsible for directing technicians in performing the work. Instructions may delineate items such as the


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scope of work, location, type and quantity of measurements, etc. so that field personnel may know exactly what to do and what is required of them. The Sound and/or Vibration Certified Professional is ultimately responsible for accuracy of any field readings and reports generated and stamped.

1.1.6 PROJECT COMMUNICATION The NEBB S&V Certified Professional shall report on progress made toward work completion, when required, as well as report and address problems if encountered. encounter ed. When a problem exists, the NEBB S&V Certified Professional should notify the appropriate project personnel.

1.1.7 WORK COMPLETION COMPLETION The NEBB S&V Certified Professional shall determine when the sound and vibration measurements have been completed, and when to submit the S&V report. Generally, the specified S&V fieldwork is complete when: a. All Sound and Vibration measurements for building systems are completed; or b. Reasonable efforts within the extent extent of testing testing for S&V Measurements have been performed in an effort to complete all required measurements. The NEBB S&V Certified Professional shall notify the appropriate project personnel of any significant system deficiencies preventing S&V Measurements from being performed before the final report is submitted.

1.1.8 COMPILATION AND SUBMISSION OF FINAL S&V REPORTS Reports shall include information and data to provide an accurate quantitative record of system measurements and information. Reports also shall include notes and comments, as appropriate, to provide the reviewer with additional details related to the test

procedure, system operation and results. Reports shall meet the criteria listed in Sections 5. The certification page shall bear the stamp of the NEBB S&V Certified Professional. The stamp on the certification page shall be signed as evidence that the NEBB TAB Certified Professional has personally reviewed and accepted the report.

Section 2. Responsibilities

Section 2. RESPONSIBILITIES 2.1 INTRODUCTION Many approaches can be taken to deliver a successful S&V project. In order to maximize value and benefits from sound and vibration testing, it is important to understand that the design professionals and other construction team members have responsibilities that will affect the outcome of the S&V process.

2.2 DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION TEAM RESPONSIBILITIES

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vibration measurements. This would include that all building automation/controls are installed, operational, calibrated and functioning properly and that the TAB work is completed. Sound and vibration measurements made prior to completion of these activities should be avoided. Actual final measurements may differ from measurements taken prior to the completion of the work. g. Provide adequate access to all equipment equipment and components required by the S&V process.

2.2.2 CONSTRUCTION TEAM RESPONSIBILITIES It is recommended that the construction team shall:

2.2.1 DESIGN PROFESSIONAL’S RESPONSIBILITIES It is recommended that the contract documents shall: a. Specify the equipment equipment and systems systems to be meameasured for sound and vibration. NEBB standards and procedures define industry best practices to perform the measuremen measurements. ts. b. Define who retains the services of the NEBB Certified S&V Firm and require that the NEBB Certified S&V Firm be retained early in the construction process. c. Clearly define define on the contract contract documents documents all sound and vibration design criteria. d. Clearly identify identify on the contract contract documents documents all locations where sound and vibration measurements are to be performed. e. Specify that the building, mechanical, mechanical, electrical and all work is to be completed prior to performing S&V measuremen measurements. ts. f. Specify that all building, mechanical, electrical, and other systems are completely operational, under control and performing according to the design intent prior to performing sound and

a. Provide the NEBB Certified S&V S&V Firm Firm with a conformed set of contract documents (drawings, specifications, and approved submittals), including all current approved change orders and contract modifications. b. Develop a project schedule, schedule, with the input of the NEBB Certified S&V Firm that coordinates the work of other disciplines and provides adequate time in the construction process to al low successful completion of the S&V S &V work. c. Notify the NEBB Certified S&V S&V Firm of all schedule changes. d. Ensure that the building enclosure enclosure is complete, complete, including but not limited to, all structural components, windows and doors installed, door hardware complete, floor and ceilings complete, stair, elevator and mechanical shafts complete, roof systems complete, all plenums sealed, etc. e. Ensure that all necessary building systems systems are are complete and are operating in a safe manner. f. Complete the installation of permanent electrical power systems serving the building systems. Such electrical systems shall be properly installed in accordance with all applicable


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codes to ensure the safety of all construction personnel. g. Perform startup of all building systems in accordance with manufacturers’ recommendations. h. Complete the installation, programming programming (including design parameters and graphics), calibration and startup of all building control systems. Verify that the building control system provider has commissioned and documented all building control work. i.

Complete all TAB related work

2.2.3 NEBB CERTIFIED S&V FIRM RESPONSIBILITIES The NEBB Certified S&V Firm shall: a. Follow the current current NEBB NEBB standards standards and procedures when performing the S&V work. b. Communicate on a regular basis, through proper channels, items pertaining to design, installation or function that prevent the NEBB Certified S&V Firm from achieving completion of the S&V work in accordance with the current edition of the NEBB Procedural Standard for Measurement of Sound and Vibration. c. Perform the required S&V measurements measurements.. d. Publish a NEBB NEBB Certified S&V Report Report of final conditions that accurately reflect the sound and vibration measurements taken of the required building systems.

Section 3. Standards for Instrumentation and Calibration

Section 3. STANDARDS ST ANDARDS FOR INSTRUMENTATION AND CALIBRATION Important Changes to Vibration Instrumentation with this Edition:

With the publication of this Third Edition of the NEBB S&V Procedural Standard, traditional sound level meters with vibration integrators are NO LONGER acceptable for NEBB approved instrumentation for making vibration measurements. That is, 1/3-octave or full octave vibration readings are not sufficient for NEBB S&V work. Vibration meters, which ONLY acquire and display the overall vibration level, displacement, velocity and/or acceleration, DO NOT meet minimum NEBB requirements for vibration instrumentation. These types of meters may only be used if the contract documents specifically allow for their usage.

3.1 MINIMUM INSTRU INSTRUMENTA MENTATION TION A NEBB Certified S&V Firm will use a variety of instrumentation to perform the specified S&V measurements on a project. It is the responsibility of the NEBB Certified S&V Firm to provide appropriate instrumentation that meets the minimum requirements for use on a project. Instrumentation used on a NEBB project shall be in proper operating condition and shall be applied in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations. TABLE 3-1-1 lists the minimum instrumentation specifications that a NEBB Certified S&V firm shall utilize in the performance of all sound and vibration measurements. The NEBB Certified S&V Firm has two options relating to equipment and instrumentation requirements; 1. they shall shall own and maintain the required required instruments, or 2. they shall have access (rent) (rent) to the required required instruments.

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In either case, the actual instruments used to perform all S&V work and measuremen measurements ts shall conform to the requirements of Table 3-1. Instruments shall be used in accordance with manufacturer’s recommendations. The most suitable instrument, or combination of instruments, should be employed for a particular measurement or reading. Some of the instrumentation identified in Table 3-1 is redundant for different applications not all these instruments are required to be owned/leased. The instrumentation required shall be based on each project’s requirements and shall be determined by the NEBB S&V Certified Professional. The minimum instrumentation required required to perform either sound or vibration measurements measurements is as follows: Sound Level Measurements – the minimum instrumentation required to perform sound level measurements is: a. A traditional traditional sound level meter with with a full and/ and/ or third octave filter set, AND an acoustic calibrator. b. A real time analyzer with full and/ and/or or third octave capability, AND an acoustic calibrator calibrator.. Vibration measurements – can be performed with a number of different instrument configurations, such as: a. A Real Time Analyzer Analyzer with narrow band FFT capability AND input capability for an accelerometer. b. A Vibration Vibration Meter Meter with narrow band FFT capability AND input capability for an accelerometer. c. A Spectrum Spectrum Analyzer Analyzer with narrow band FFT capability AND input capability for an accelerometer. d. A vibration vibration meter with tunable tunable capability up to 60,000CPM (1000 Hz) and input capability for an accelerometer.


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3.2 RANGE AND ACCURACY Minimum frequency bandwidths, frequency resolution, accuracies and sensitivities for sound and vibration instrumentation are listed in Table 3-1.

3.3 CALIBRATION Annual Calibration – ALL S&V instrumentation shall be maintained with a current annual calibration certificate, traceable to the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), or equivalent organizations in other countries, and to the ANSI specifications listed in Table 3-1 or manufacturer’s specifications, whichever is more stringent. st ringent. Sound Level instrumentation – annual calibration is required for both the sound level meter/ real time analyzer and the acoustic sound level calibrator. Vibration instrumentation – annual calibration is required for both the vibration analyzer and the vibration transducer (accelerometer). (accelerometer).

Field Calibration (Sound) – All sound instrumentation shall be field calibrated with an acoustic calibrator meeting the minimum requirements set forth in Table 3-1, at the beginning and the end of each day of use. Field calibration levels, times, and dates shall be documented in test reports. Field calibration shall be performed in accordance with the manufacturer’s procedure for calibration or calibration check of instrumentation and MUST include both the sound level meter and the matching acoustic sound level calibrator. Field Calibration (Vibration) – of vibration instrumentation is not require required. d. Firms with multiple sets of instrumentation shall comply with calibration requirements as specified in Table 3-1.

Section 3. Standards for Instrumentation and Calibration

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TABLE 3-1 NEBB S&V Instrumentation Specifications Instrumentation Type

Measurement Type

Sound Level Meters (SLM’s) and Real Time Analyzers

Sound Pressure Measurements

Full and Third Octave Filters

Sound Pressure Measurements

Real Time Analyzers

Sound Pressure Measurements Measuremen ts 2

Acoustic Calibrators

Sound Pressure Calibration

Vibration Meters, Real Time Analyzers, Spectrum Analyzers

Vibration Measurements

Accelerometers/ Vibration Transducer Measurements

Specifications

Shall meet the Type 1 or Type 2 requirements specified in the most current version of ANSI S1.4 American National Standard

Calibration Interval

12 Months

Specification for Sound Level Meters

Shall meet the requirements specified in the most current version of ANSI S1.11 American National Standard Specification for Octave-

12 Months

Band and Fractional-Octave-Band Fractional-Octave-Band Analog and Digital Filters

Shall meet the minimum requirements as specified in ANSI S1.4 and S1.11, and Frequency range capability = 20 – 0,000 Hz True dynamic range ≥ 70 dB Memory for storage of measurements Shall meet the requirements specified in the most current version of ANSI S1.40 American National Standard Specification for

12 Months

12 Months

Acoustical Calibrato Calibrators rs

Shall meet the minimum requirements as specified below: Displacement – 0.1 to 100 mils (0.0001 to 0.1 inches) Velocity – 0.0005 to 10 in/sec Acceleration – 0.0001 to 50 G’s Frequency Range – 1 to 1000 Hz (60 to 60,000 RPM) Frequency Resolution (bandwidth) – at least 1 Hz (1/60 RPM) Minimum Lines of resolutio resolution n ≥ 1600 Detection – Peak, Peak-to-Peak, RMS FFT Windowing – Rectangular, Hanning Averaging – exponential or time and selectable to at least four averages

12 Months

Shall have the following minimum specifications: Sensitivity (± 10%) ≥ 100 mV/G Measurement Range = ± 50 G peak Frequency Range = 2 to 3000 Hz at ± 5%

12 Months

Notes: 1. Sound level meters with vibration integrators are NO LONGER acceptable acceptable for NEBB approved instrumentation for making vibration measurements. measurements. That is, 1/3-octave or full octave vibration readings are not sufficient for NEBB S&V work. 2. Vibration meters, which which ONLY ONLY acquire and display the overall vibration level, displacement, displacement, velocity and/or acceleration, acceleration, DO NOT meet minimum NEBB requirements requiremen ts for vibration instrumentation. These types of meters may only be used if the contract documents specifically allow for their usage.

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Section 4. STANDARDS FOR REPORTS AND FORMS 4.1 REPORTS The NEBB Procedural Standard for Measurement of Sound and Vibration establishes minimum requirements of a NEBB Certified S&V Report. Paper Certified Report: An ink stamp issued by

NEBB with an original signature or ink signature stamp shall be applied to the certification page. The signature and date shall not obscure the Certified Professional’s name or Certified Firm’s number in the seal/stamp. Electronic Certified Report: An electronic version of

the NEBB issued seal/stamp seal/stamp (digital represe representation) ntation) shall be applied to the certification page, along with an electronic version of the Certified Professional’s signature. This allows the Certified Professional to affix a computer generated seal/stamp and an electronic signature to a document. Stamp Security: Certified Professionals shall take

appropriate measures to ensure security of their ink stamp, electronic stamp, ink signature stamp, and electronic signature. The Certified Professional cannot claim his/her stamp and/or signature were applied to a Certified Report without his/her permission or knowledge. The security and use of ink stamp, electronic stamp, ink signature stamp, or electronic signature is the responsibility of the Certified Professional. The Certified Professional is directly responsible for any misuse of these t hese items regardless whether whether he/she authorized their use. NEBB does not require the use of NEBB produced forms. Customized forms are acceptable based

on the data acquisition requirements of this section. Where contract document data reporting requirements exceed the minimum requirements of NEBB, the NEBB Certified S&V Firm is responsible

to meet the requirements of the contract documents. There are sample S&V Forms included in the Appendix. NEBB Sound and Vibration Reports shall include the following information: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

REPORT TITLE REPORT CERTIFICA CERTIFICATION TION TABLE OF CONTENTS INSTRUMENT CALIBRA CALIBRATION TION APPROPRIA APPROPRI ATE FORMS WITH TEST DA DATA TA REPORT SUMMARY/REMARKS ABBREVIATIONS

Note: If on a specific project both sound and vibration measurements are taken reporting may be accomplished in a single report OR as separate sound and vibration reports.

4.2 REQUIRED PAGES Listed below are the requirements for each NEBB Certified S&V report. All tested items included in the NEBB S&V Report shall be clearly identified with a unique designation. The method of identification may use schematic diagrams, mechanical plans where permissible, or a narrative description. Each data form supplied in a NEBB S&V Report shall include the name of the responsible Certified Technician/NEBB Qualified S&V Certified Professional who reported the information and the date the data was collected. Project name. All pages shall be numbered consecutively. Remarks section to record any information pertinent to the data reported on the data sheet.

4.2.1 REPORT TITLE (PAGE) The heading: “Certified Sound and Vibration Report”; Project Name, and NEBB Certified S&V Firm with names, addresses and telephone numbers. Also, if available include names of the project Architect, Engineer and HVAC Contractor.

Section 4. Standards for Reports and Forms

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4.2.2 REPORT CERTIFICATION (PAGE)

4.2.5 VIBRATION MEASUREMENT REPORT FORMS (PAGE)

The certification page shall bear the stamp of the NEBB CP. The stamp on the certification page shall be signed as evidence that the NEBB CP has personally reviewed and accepted the report. • Project Name; • Certifyi Certifying ng NEBB Qualified S&V S&V Certified ProProfessional’s Name; Firm’s Name; • Certification Number; Expiration Date; • Certifyi Certifying ng NEBB Qualified S&V S&V Certified ProProfessional’s NEBB Stamp (signed & dated); and the following exact verbiage: “THE DATA PRESENTED IN THIS REPORT IS A RECORD OF THE SOUND AND VIBRATION MEASUREMENTS OBTAINED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE CURRENT EDITION OF THE NEBB PROCEDURAL STANDARD STANDARD FOR MEASUREMENT OF SOUND AND VIBRATION. ANY VARIANCES FROM DESIGN

OR INDUSTRY STANDARDS WHICH EXCEED THE LIMITS SET BY THE CONTRACT DOCUMENTS ARE NOTED THROUGHOUT THIS REPORT AND/OR IN THE REPORT REP ORT PROJECT SUMMARY SU MMARY.” .” (This data may be included on the report title page or on a separate certification page.)

4.2.3 TABLE OF CONTENTS (PAGE) The table of contents shall serve as a guide to the organization of the S&V report and shall identify contents of each page of report with page numbers.

4.2.4 INSTRUMENT CALIBRATION (PAGE) This is a listing of the instruments that were used to measure and verify the reported data: Instrument Type

Instrument Manufacturer

Instrument Model Number

Vibration measurements shall be presented in graphical or tabular format for each measurement axis and location and the data shall be reported on the appropriate vibration measurement reporting form(s). Minimum Data:

1. Date of test 2. Time of test 3. Equipment designation (e.g.: (e.g.: pump, pump, fan, fan, AHU, etc.) 4. Motor Horsepowe Horsepowerr 5. Location and Axis of Measureme Measurements nts 6. Equipment operational parameters parameters –rotation–rotational speed/VFD frequency at time of measurements 7. Measured vibrati vibration on levels (tabula (tabularr or graphically) a. Acceler Acceleration ation RMS or Peak Peak (in one of the following units: g’s, inches/sec�, meters/ sec�) and/or, b. Velocity RMS, Peak Peak or Peak-to-Peak (in one of the following units: inches/sec, meters/sec, etc.) etc .) and/ and/or, or, c. Displacement RMS, Peak Peak or Peak-toPeak (in one of the following units: inches, mils, meters, etc.) and/or, d. Overall vibration level level if specified specified by the contract documents. If overall vibration levels are measured and reported or calculated from narrowband data, the bandwidth of the measurements shall be specified; i.e., overall vibration levels of X G’s from 5 to 200 Hz.

Instrument Serial Number

Date of Instrument Calibration

Due Date of Instrument Calibration

Dates of Use


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4.2.6 SOUND MEASUREMENT REPORT FORMS (PAGE)

tional for system parameters, such as to establish a full load condition, and the steps taken to achieve the desired set-up.

Sound measurements shall be recorded on appropriate test forms, indicating the decibel levels measured for both background and operating building system readings. Each tested location shall be recorded on appropriate NC, RC, or overall dB(A) forms. The following information shall also be recorded:

This section also includes a listing of deficiencies in the summary and identifies the appropriate pages in the report. Summary of all items that exceed Contract Document tolerances or any other items that require discussion/explanation.

Minimum Data:

4.2.8 ABBREVIATIONS

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

6. 7. 8.

9.

Date of test Time of test Equipment designation Equipment operational parameters – rotational speed/frequen speed/frequency cy at time of measuremen measurements ts dB level of background background noise and what other equipment/noise sources causing the background noise dB level level of system being measured Indication of measuremen measurementt locations that exceed design criteria Indoor measurements measurements – location within building including floor level and room number and location in room. Outdoor measurements measurements – location identifier identifier such as location relative to equipment, location relative to building, location relative to property line, etc.

Additional Optional Data that may be helpful to the design engineer/architect. 10. Equipment operational parameters, parameters, a. VAV box positi positions ons (with (with or without being fan powered) b. Diffuser settings c. Damper settings for air flow systems d. Flow restrictors for hydronic systems

4.2.7 REPORT SUMMARY/REMARKS (PAGES) A NEBB Certified S&V Report includes a narrative description of system set-up conditions established prior to testing. The narrative should explain the ra-

A listing of all abbreviations and their definition as used in the report.

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PART 2. PROCEDURES

Section 5. PRELIMINARY SOUND & VIBRATION VIBRA TION PROCEDURES PROCEDURES 5.1 INTRODUCTION For sound and vibration measurements to be meaningful and the data to be reported accurately, advance preparations must be completed. The NEBB Qualified S&V Certified Professional shall examine the contract documents, examine the approved equipment submittals, and inspect the equipment installation prior to taking any field measurements. This point cannot be overstressed.

5.2 EXAMINATION EXAMINATION OF CONTRACT DOCUMENTS The purpose of the Contract Document examination is to become familiar with the Project requirements and conditions that may preclude proper S&V testing of systems and equipment.

5.2.1 SPECIFICATION EXAMINATION The noise and vibration criteria established for a project are usually found in either the Architectural or Mechanical Specifications. This information is typically found in the Architectural or Mechanical Drawings or some other part of the Contract Documents. The project specifications shall be examined for the following items: 1. Sound level level limits or compliance compliance criteria in terms of Noise Criteria (NC), Room Criteria (RC) or overall dB(A), and any other sound criteria, for specific rooms/spaces in and around the building.

2. Careful attention should should be paid to determine if there are any rooms or spaces noted in the specifications that require low noise and/or vibration levels. 3. Vibration limits on rotating equipment, equipment, such as drive motors, pumps and fan wheels are typically given in terms of overall vibration levels or vibration limits at certain frequencies or within certain frequen frequency cy ranges. 4. Schedule of equipment equipment to be vibration isolated. (This schedule may be in either the Mechanical Specification or on the Mechanical Equipment Schedule Drawing).

5.2.2 DRAWING EXAMINATION The contract documents/drawings shall be examined for any information deemed necessary to perform the sound and vibration measurements.

5.3 SUBMITTAL DRAWINGS EXAMINATION This task is not part of the NEBB S&V contractor’s responsibilities and will only be relevant if issues are discovered with performance of vibration isolation; i.e., if vibration isolators are collapsed, misadjusted, not installed, etc.

5.4 CONSTRUCTION FIELD INSPECTION VERIFICA VERIFICATIONS TIONS The purpose of the construction inspections is to become familiar with the actual Project installation and to discover conditions in the system design that may preclude proper S&V testing of systems and equipment. A second purpose of the field inspections is to


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verify that the installed applications match the designed parameters.

5.4.1 INSPECTION CHECKLIST All machinery with vibration isolation must have written documentation from the mechanical contractor verifying that field inspection of all vibration isolators has been completed and all vibration isolators are installed and adjusted properly. Vibration isolator compliance includes: a. Verify that all isolators are installed in accordance with manufacturer’s recommendations b. Verify that piping, piping, duct, and conduit penetrapenetrations through mechanical equipment room envelope are sealed, and if i f required, rigid contact with building structure does not exist. c. Steel isolation bases must be inspected inspected for cracked welds, excessive bending or twisting of steel members. d. Concrete isolation bases must be examined examined for cracked concrete. Isolator retainer brackets must be checked for looseness. The concrete base must be flat and true in plane. e. Elastomeric isolators must must be examined for cracks in the rubber and for loose bonds between the rubber and steel plates or other steel components. Adequate clearance must be provided between bolts and the side of the bolt holes to preven preventt short circuiting. f. Steel spring isolators must be be examined examined for loose or missing bolts, nuts or lock washers. Check for spring overloading or underloading, completely collapsed spring coils, and cocked springs. Note if rubber or glass fiber pad between the bottom plate of the steel spring and the concrete slab or supporting structure is present. g. Housed steel springs springs must be examined for proper centering of the springs, clearance between the cast housing and rubber snubber, and the steel spring for tilted or cocked springs.

h. When the the specifications require that the isolators be bolted to the concrete slab or other supporting structure, the bolts may be isolated by means of rubber bushings and rubber washers. i.

Inspect isolators with restraint devices to make sure that all shims have been removed and supportive nuts have been properly adjusted to allow for free floating of the isolated system.

j.

Seismic restraints shall not preven preventt the proper functioning of vibration isolation system.

k. Pneumatic isolators must must be inspected for overload or underload by checking the air pressure gauge against manufacturer’s submittals or catalog. The pneumatic isolator system should include the isolator, strainer, oil separator, height regulator, and air pressure gauge. Inspect the vicinity of the isolator. Note if the isolator is exposed to damage from vehicle or other traffic. l.

Carefully inspect the space under all isolated bases to assure that these spaces are clean and free of debris to prevent short-circuiting.

m. Check to ensure ensure that all shipping bolts associated with spring isolators have been removed. removed. n. Inspect all flexible piping, hoses, hoses, and and expansion expansion joints as to type, length and location as called for by the specifications. Examine flexible hose for excessive elongation, offset or twisting. o. Inspect all electrical and control connections connections to ensure that they do not restrain the movement of the vibration isolated isol ated equipment. p. Inspect all fabric connections between between fans fans and ductwork to ensure that a fabric “bellows” exists when the fans are operating. q. Each piece of vibration isolated machinery machinery must be free of any structural tie or rigid connection that may “short circuit” the isolation system. All limit stops, shipping bolts, and leveling bolts on all isolators must be inspected to

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Section 5. Preliminary Sound & Vibration Vibration Procedures

ensure that they are not “short circuiting” the isolation system. r.

Hanger isolators should be free free of misalignment and over/underloading. Under no circumstances the isolator rod should be allowed to make rigid contact with the hanger housing.

s. For equipment that is hard mounted, check to insure all bolt-down points are tight. Report deficiencies as discovered to the appropriate parties.

5.4.2 CONSTRUCTION READINESS As previously stated, most construction activities should be completed prior to sound & vibration testing. The building should be in a state of near occupancy conditions. Any item that will affect the sound and vibration measurements should be completed. From a general construction standpoint, this means that the building exterior is complete, interior partitions complete, ceiling installed, movable partition seals adjusted, carpeting installed, etc. Items such as painting, hard surfaces flooring, etc. is not required. See Section 6.5 and 6.6 for additional details. From a building operating systems standpoint, this means all mechanical/electrical systems have been started, are operational and completely under functional control. Testing, Testing, adjusting and balancing activities shall be completed. See Section 6.5 and 6.6 for additional details.

5.4.3 CONSTRUCTION READINESS REPORT Prepare a report identifying all issues that would preclude proper S&V testing of systems and equipment. Activities and tasks described in Section 6.4 are generally completed during site inspections before sound or vibration testing is scheduled.

5.5 CONDITIONS REQUIRED FOR VIBRATION MEASUREMENTS A check should be made to determine that all building construction equipment and activities are either removed remove d from the building or are not operating. If the building is subject to vibration forces other than the building systems, such as railroad or vehicle traffic, a time should be chosen when the effects of these ot her vibration sources can be minimized and will not influence measurements of equipment being measured. Restrict people from occupying areas where activities may affect the accuracy of the measurements. Building environmental systems shall be complete, including all specified vibration isolation, and fully operational with air and water flow components tested and balanced. Before starting vibration measurements, check to determine the operating conditions of the building environmental systems. All of the subsystems must be operating within the ranges specified by the contract documents and manufacturer’s recommendations. In addition, all mechanical equipment rooms (MER) should be completely enclosed, as called for by the contract documents, and all building environment system equipment in the mechanical equipment room should be operating. Measurements can be performed after notification from the mechanical contractor (or responsible party) that the building systems are complete and ready for measuremen measurement. t. All equipment to be tested must be safely accessible and vibration instrumentation shall be calibrated as outlined in Section 4.

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5.6 CONDITIONS REQUIRED FOR SOUND MEASUREMENTS 5.6.1 INTERIOR Sound measurements in interior acoustical environments of a building cannot be made unless the rooms, and preferably the entire building, are acoustically sealed from exterior noise: windows glazed, doors hung complete with hardware, weather and smoke seals, etc. A check should be made to determine that all building construction equipment and activities are either removed from the building or are not operating. Exterior noise, such as traffic, aircraft, etc., and interior construction noise will substantially affect the measurements; therefore, therefore, sound level measurements shall be made when these noise sources are not audible or noted as an exception. If the building has been completed and is occupied, measurements measuremen ts must not be made if office equipment, computers, printers, copiers, etc. or voice s ignals are audible. When this is the case, sound measurements must be made during non-working hours or in the case where a piece of equipment or computer cannot be turned off note the exception in the report. The interior surfaces of the spaces must be reasonably complete: suspended acoustical ceilings installed and all carpeting in place. These are sound absorptive surfaces and will have a significant effect on the sound measurements. On the other hand, work that does not substantially change the acoustical characteristics of the room, such as painting of walls, installation of vinyl tile, installation of desks and thinly upholstered chairs need not be completed before starting sound tests.

5.6.2 EXTERIOR Sound measurements at the exterior of a building are usually made to determine whether mechanical/ electrical equipment located at the exterior of the building or which are discharging noise to the exterior will increase the noise level in the building or in adjacent buildings.

Before making exterior sound measurements, all construction activities must stop; noise from construction equipment, hoists, etc., will affect the measurements. If nearby aircraft or vehicle traffic activi ty increases noise levels in the vicinity of the building, it may be necessary to make the measurements at night when such activities are at a minimum in order to accurately measure the noise output of the building/mechanical/electrical equipment. Exterior measurements may also be required to address municipal code requirements for the locality of the project. Often times such codes require noise measurements measuremen ts be carried out for period of 24 hours or longer or during different times of day to address specific code restrictions. Also, codes have provisions for tonal conditions that refer to equipment generating generatin g noise at discrete frequencies that typically tend to be more intrusive than broadband noise. All these aspects of exterior noise tend to be project specific and would need to be addressed on a caseby-case basis. Environmental equipment servicing the building should be fully operational. Cooling towers should be operating with all fans at design speeds and water flow at normal operating rates. All fans connected to intake or discharge louvers should be operating with damper settings at design fresh air intake or exterior discharge. All outdoor unitary equipment should be operating under load, assuring that the compressor is on and all the condenser fans are operating. operating. In essence operating conditions should be representative of project design condition(s) or clearly stated prior to any noise testing to ensure that noise data reflects a meaningful operating condition for the project. The building site need not be completely landscaped. Trees, bushes, and grass do not substantially attenuate sound transmission over a reasonably short distance, such as 100 feet (30 m), between the noise source and the point of measuremen measurement. t. Grading, however, should be reasonably complete to the extent that a temporary soil storage pile must not obscure the line of sight between a noise source and point of

Section 5. Preliminary Sound & Vibration Vibration Procedures

measurement. This applies also to temporary buildings and solid fences. Avoid taking exterior sound measurements in the presence of more than one inch of snow on the ground. Additionally, exterior sound measurements shall not be taken when wind speeds exceed 10 mph, or during rain.

5.6.3 ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS Building environmental systems should be fully operational with air and water flow components tested and balanced. Before starting sound measurements, check to determine the operating conditions of the building environmental systems. All of the subsystems should be operating within the ranges specified by the contract documents and manufacturer’s recommendations. In addition, all mechanical equipment rooms (MER) should be completely enclosed, as called for by the contract documents, and all building environment system equipment in the mechanical equipment room should be operating. Any required vibration testing should be completed and any deficiencies noted and/or corrected before sound testing commences.

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Section 6. VIBRATION VIBRA TION MEASUREMENT MEASUREMENT PROCEDURES 6.1 EQUIPMEN EQUIPMENT T STARTUP Prior to taking vibration measurements, measurements, construction inspections shall be completed in accordance with the requirements of Section 6.

6.2 VIBRA VIBRATION TION SOURCES The NEBB S&V Firm is responsible to perform vibration measurements and report the data in accordance with the requirements of the current edition of the NEBB Procedural Standard for Measurement of Sound and Vibration or Contract Documents. Vibration measurements to determine whether the vibration of rotating equipment is in compliance with contract specifications. This can result in vibration in other areas of a building that may cause premature failure of rotating equipment, may be annoying to building occupants or that may cause problems with sensitive instruments. Vibration measurements are typically reported in terms of acceleration, velocity, and/or displacement.

6.3 VIBRA VIBRATION TION SCOPE 6.3.1 VIBRATION SCOPE METHODS The scope of vibration measurement services can be defined by three distinct contractual methods: engineering contract documents, minimum NEBB requirements, requirem ents, or a negotiated contract.

6.3.2 6.3. 2 ENGINEERIN ENGINEERING G CONTRACT CONTRACT DOCUMENTS DOCUMENTS The contract documents should specify the scope of vibration measurement services to be performed for the project. A defined scope of vibration measure-

ment services will always take precedence over the minimum NEBB requirements.

6.3.3 MINIMUM NEBB REQUIREMENTS Some contract documents do not define the scope of vibration measurement services. When the scope of vibration measurement services are not adequately defined in the Engineering Contract Documents, then the scope of vibration measurements for the project shall conform to the minimum NEBB requirements. The minimum NEBB requirements SHALL automatically become the scope of S&V services on all contract document projects where the exact scope of S&V services has not been determined by the Design Professional (See 7.3.1.1). 7.3.1.1). The NEBB Certified S&V Firm shall be bound contractually to these minimum NEBB requirements unless specifically stated otherwise in their proposal.

The minimum NEBB requirements for these types of projects are as follows: All pumps and fans over 3 Hp (2.2 kW), and All chillers/compressors over 5 Hp (3.7 kW).

6.3.4 NEGOTIATED CONTRACT The scope of vibration measurement services shall be determined by the NEBB Certified S&V Firm and agreed upon by the Owner, or owner’s appointed representative.

6.4 MEASUREMENT PROCEDURES 6.4.1 MEASUREMENT PROCEDURES Regardless of the scope of vibration measurement services, the procedures by which all vibration measurements are to be made, shall conform to the procedures contained contained in this section.

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Section 6. Vibration Measurement Procedures

6.4.2 OTHER SOURCES THAT MAY AFFECT MEASUREMENTS RESULTS

6.4.3 LOCATION LOCATION AND ATTACHMENT ATTACHMENT OF ACCELEROMETER (TRANSDUCER)

Perform vibration measurements when other building systems/conditions and exterior vibration sources are at a minimum level and will not influence measurements of equipment being tested. In order to minimize other vibration sources, the following suggestions should be implemented: i mplemented:

The method of attaching an accelerometer will significantly affect its performance. Accelerometers should be attached to vibrating surfaces according to the accelerometer manufacturer’s instructions. The accelerometer accelerometer shall be mounted to surfaces that are flat and clean. If vibration measurements must be made on vibrating machinery which appears to have exceptionally exceptionally large vibration amplitudes, it may be necessary to attach the accelerometer to the machine by means of threaded metal studs.

a. Turn off equipment in the building that might interfere with testing. b. Restrict people from from occupying areas areas where human activity may affect accuracy of measurements. c. Measurements should be performed when exterior vibration sources (trains, roadway traffic, adjacent construction activities, etc.) are at a minimum level. In certain situations, it may be impossible to shut down building systems in order to obtain vibration measurements. In all situations, the NEBB Qualified S&V Certified Professional or Certified Technician shall contact the appropriate personnel before shutshutting down any building systems. Vibration testing shall ONLY be performed AFTER, 1. HVAC HVAC Test and Balance of air and water systems have been satisfactorily completed, 2. Pumps and motors have been checked for correct rotation per manufacturer recommendations. 3. Pump Alignment Testing: Testing: Pump and driver shall be aligned to within manufacturer’s or project contract document maximum permissible tolerances. 4. With all buildi building ng HV HVAC AC systems operating at normal/typical conditions, OR with pumps/ fans operating at 100% RPM.

Heavy accelerometers may affect the accuracy of vibration levels obtained from small or lightweight systems or equipment. Accelerometer weight shall be no more than 10% of the rotating equipment to be tested; i.e., the fan wheels or o r motor.

It is recommended that the same mounting method be used for all measuremen measurements ts made on any individual piece of equipment and similar pieces of equipment. The hierarchy of mounting an accelerometer, based on accuracy of repeatable results is: stud mount or magnetic base. The magnetic base is the most common method of attachment and can be used for vibration measurements in which the upper frequency limit does not exceed 1,000 Hz (60,000 RPM). RPM). IMPORTANT NOTES:

1. Attach the accelerom accelerometer eter with magnetic base to the piece of equipment by setting the edge of the magnetic base down first, then carefully rotating the magnet onto the equipment. 2. After attachment of the the accelerometer accelerometer,, wait 30-seconds before taking any reading so that the accelerometer may electrically settle. 3. Minimum number of reading per measurement location (point) shall be 2. 4. When making measurements measurements on a concrete concrete floor, attach the accelerometer to a block of steel, with surfaces parallel to within 3 degrees, and minimum weight of 5 lbs. This is required


18

since simply relying on the magnetic base or physically holding the accelerometer to the floor may not produce accurate readings.

6.5 DA DATA TA MEASUREME MEASUREMENTS NTS Measured vibration levels will be, recorded and reported at discrete frequencies, with a minimum 1 Hz frequency resolution, over a minimum frequency range/bandwidth of 5 to 200 Hz. Some projects will require greater frequency bandwidth, such as 2 to 1000 Hz, it is i s the responsibility of the NEBB Certified Professional or Certified Technician to verify the contractual requirements regarding frequency ranges that are to be measured. FFT Analyzer Settings (Typical): 1. Windowing – Hanning 2. Averages – at least two 3. Frequency Range – 1 to1,000 Hz (60 to 60,000 rpm) 4. Freq Frequency uency Resolution Resolution (bandwidth) (bandwidth) – at least 1 Hz (1/60 rpm) 5. Line of Resolution – at least 1,000. 1,000. 6. Detection – Peak, Peak, Peak-to-Pe Peak-to-Peak, ak, or RMS NOTES: a. Vibration measuremen measurements ts with an FFT analyzer require setting measurement parameters; such as type of averaging, measurement duration, RMS, Peak, Peak-to-Peak level, type of windowing and bandwidth. These set-up parameters should be included in contract specifications, however if this is not the case they need to be agreed upon and confirmed prior to taking any vibration readings. b. Oftentimes building vibration vibration requires requires seismic grade, high sensitivity (10,000 or 1,000 mV/G) accelerometers capable of measuring low levels and down to low frequencies (1 to 2 Hz). A general purpose accelerometer with a sensitivity of 100 mV/g or less, may be insufficient for building floor vibration measurements of low vibration amplitude. For low level (seismic) vibration measurements it is the re-

sponsibility of the NEBB Certified Professional or Certified Technician Technician to verify that the accelerometer and the vibration analyzer are capable of measuring these low vibration levels.

6.6 MEASUREME MEASUREMENT NT LOCATIONS Measure and record vibration levels at all required equipment, equipment bases and on building structure adjacent to the equipment. Record vibration acceleration and/or velocity and/or displacement; in the vertical, radial horizontal and axial axes (with respect to the equipment axis of rotation), or as per contract specifications. On most equipment, it is not always possible to obtain readings in all three (3) planes at any particular bearing. In the event of safety concerns or space constraints, usually one single point of measureme measurement nt on one side of the rotating piece of equipment may not be accessible for readings. This is usually one of the readings in the axial plane

6.6.1 MEASUREMENTS ON EQUIPMENT Perform vibration measurements at equipment and record vibration levels levels in the vertical, horizontal, and axial axes, where measurements measurements can be performed safely. If direct access to the bearing is not available, then measurements measurements shall be taken as close as possible to the shaft centerline at the housing. Measurements shall be taken as indicated in the following table:

Section 6. Vibration Measurement Procedures

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Equipment

Item

Location

Pumps

Pump Bearing

Drive end and opposite end

Pumps

Motor Bearing


Fans and HVAC Equipment with Fans

Fan Bearing



Motor Bearing


Chillers an and HV HVAC Eq Equipment wi with Co Compressors

Compressor Be Bearing

Drive en end an and op opposite en end

Chillers and HVAC Equipment with Compressors

Motor Bearing


6.6.2 MEASUREMENTS ON EQUIPMENT BASES Perform vibration measurements at equipment bases on equipment side of the isolator and record vibration levels in the vertical, horizontal, and axial axes, where measurements can be performed safely as indicated in the following table: Equipment Bases

Location

Pumps

Within 6” of one isolator





6.6.3 MEASUREMENT MEASUREMENTS S ON BUILDING STRUCTURE Perform vibration measurements measurements on building structure st ructure adjacent to equipment and record vibration levels in the vertical axis, at one isolator: where measurements can be performed safely as indicated in the following table: Equipment Bases

Floor Location

Pumps Fans and HVAC Equipment with Fans

Within 6” of equipment isolator or equipment base


When making measurements on a concrete floor, attach the accelerometer to a block of steel, with surfaces parallel to within 3 degrees, and minimum weight of 5 lbs. This is required since simply relying on the magnetic base or holding the t he accelerometer accelerometer to the floor may not produce accurate accurate readings.

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Section 7. SOUND MEASUREMENT PROCEDURES

engineering contract documents, minimum NEBB requirements, require ments, or a negotiated contract.

7.1 EQUIPMEN EQUIPMENT T STARTUP

The contract documents should specify the scope of sound level measurement services to be performed for the project. A defined scope of sound level measurement services will always take precedence over the minimum NEBB requirements. requirements.

Prior to taking sound measurements, construction inspections shall be done in accordanc accordance e with the requirements of Section 6. Any required vibration testing should be completed and any deficiencies noted and/or corrected before sound testing commences.

7.2 SOUND SOURCES The NEBB S&V Firm is responsible to perform sound level measurements and report the data in accordance with the requirements of the current edition of the NEBB Procedural Standard for Measurement of Sound and Vibration.

Sound level measurements are made to determine whether noise from mechanical and some electrical equipment or rotating equipment may be in excess of specifications. This can result in sound in other areas of a building that may be annoying to building occupants or that may cause problems with sensitive instruments. Sound level measurements may also be required to demonstrate project noise compliance with municipal codes at property boundary or neighboring properties as stipulated by such codes or project conditions of approval. Sound levels measurements are typically reported in terms of dB (Flat or Linear), dB (A), Noise Criteria (NC) or Room Criteria (RC).

7.3 SOUND SCOPE 7.3.1 SOUND SCOPE METHODS The scope of sound level l evel measurement measurement services can be defined by three distinct contractual methods:

7.3.2 ENGINEERING ENGINEERING CONTRACT DOCUMENTS

7.3.3 MINIMUM NEBB MEASUREMENT LOCATION REQUIREMENTS Some contract documents do not define the scope of sound level measurement services. When the scope of sound level measurement services are not adequately defined in the Engineering Contract Documents, then the scope of sound level measurements for the project shall conform to the minimum NEBB requirements. The minimum NEBB requirements SHALL automatically become the scope of S&V services on all contract document projects where the exact scope of S&V services has not been determined by the Design Professional (See 8.3.1.1). 8.3.1.1). The NEBB Certified S&V Firm shall be bound contractually to these minimum NEBB requirements unless specifically stated otherwise in their proposal.

The minimum NEBB requirements for these types of projects are as follows: a. Perform sound testing in all occupied occupied space horizontally and vertically adjacent to all mechanical equipment rooms and all mechanical chases. b. Perform sound testing at 10% of locations on the project for each type of the following spaces. For each space type tested, select a measurement location that has the greatest anticipated sound level. If testing multiple locations for each space type, select at least one location that is near and at least one location that is remote from the predominant sound source.

Section 7. Sound Measurement Procedures

1. 2. 3. 4.

Private office. Open office area. Conference room. Auditorium/large Auditorium/larg e meeting meeting room/lecture room/lecture hall. 5. Classroom/trainin Classroom/training g room. 6. Patient room/exam room. 7. Sound or vibrati vibration on sensiti sensitive ve laborat laboratory. ory. 8. Hotel room/apartment. 9. Library open space. 10. Public areas (such as lobbies, hallways, break rooms). c. Perform sound testing testing in all spaces with design criterion of NC or RC 25 or less. l ess.

7.3.4 NEGOTIATED CONTRACT Scope of sound level measurement services shall be determined by the NEBB Certified S&V Firm and agreed upon by the Owner, or owner’s appointed representative.

7.4 MEASUREMENT PROCEDURES 7.4.1 MEASUREMENT PROCEDURES Regardless of the scope of sound level measurement Regardless services, the procedures by which all sound measurements are to be made, shall conform to the procedures contained in this section.

7.4.2 FIELD CALIBRATION OF INSTRUMENTATION Prior to making any sound level measurements verify that all instruments have a current calibration certificate as specified in Section 4. A field calibration shall be performed in accordance with Section 4.3.

7.4.3 MEASUREMENT LOCATIONS Measure and record sound levels in all spaces as specified in Appendices A (3.3 - I) and B (3.3 - I).

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7.4.4 SOUND LEVEL METER ORIENTATION a. Position sound sound level level instrument to achieve achieve a direct line-of-sight between the sound source and the sound-level meter. b. Take sound measurements at a height approximately 48 inches above the floor and at least 36 inches from a wall, column, or any other large surface capable of altering the measurements. c. During all measurements measurements sound level level meter operator shall not stand between noise source and sound level meter or be positioned posi tioned in such a manner to interfere with sound level measurements. d. The sound sound level level meter should should be on a tripod, although holding the sound level meter, at arm’s length, is sufficient. e. The sound sound level meter should be pointed towards the noise source at an angle of 45 degrees from the vertical.

7.4.5 OTHER SOURCES Perform sound measurements when other building systems/conditions and exterior sound sources are at a minimum level and will not influence measurements of equipment being tested. In order to minimize other sound sources, the following suggestions should be implemented: a. Close ALL ALL windows windows and doors to the space. space. b. Turn off equipment equipment in the building that might interfere with testing. c. Perform measuremen measurements ts when the space space is not occupied, or when the occupant noise levels from other spaces in the building and outside are at a minimum, or do not affect sound readings. d. Clear the the space space of temporary sound sources sources so unrelated disturbances will not be measured. Turn off all sound sources (personal comput-


22

ers, printers, fax machines, etc.) in the space that may affect sound readings. e. Measurements should be performed when exterior vibration sources (trains, roadway traffic, adjacent construction activities, etc.) are at a minimum level.

7.4.6 BACKGROUND SOUND LEVELS Take sound measurements with the building systems “OFF” to establish the background levels and take sound measurements with the building systems operating. Calculate the difference between measurements. Apply a correction factor depending on the difference and adjust measurements. In certain situations, it may be impossible to shut down building systems in order to obtain background sound levels. Under these conditions, background sound levels cannot be measured. In all situations, the NEBB Qualified S&V Certified Professional shall contact the appropriate personnel before shutting down any building systems.

7.5 MINIMUM DATA MEASUREMENTS Unless specified otherwise in contract documents, the minimum sound level meter settings and the minimum sound level data taken shall be measured and reported as follows, 1. NC and RC data shall be dB (Linear), (Linear), 1/1(Full) 1/1(Full) octave band, from 31.5 to 8,000 Hz and Fast Time Constant. 2. Overall sound levels may, may, depending on contract requirements, by dB(A), dB(C) or dB(Linear), Fast or Slow Time Constant 3. Minimum sampling time, per per measuremen measurementt location, when using a Real Time Analyzer shall be 1-minute (60-seconds) or sufficient time for sound level sample averaging to stabilize. Depending on interference from outside noise sources multiple samples may be required in order to obtain true and accurate data.

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APPENDICES

Appendix A. SAMPLE S&V SPECIFICATION SPECIFICATION – LONG FORM (This recommended S&V specification is available from www.nebb.org www.nebb.org))

SECTION 15xxx (23xxx) – SOUND AND VIBRA VIBRATION TION TESTING PART 1 – GENERAL 1.1

RELATED DOCUMENTS

Drawings and general provisions of the Contract, including General and Supplementary Conditions and Division 1 Specification Sections, apply to this Section.

1.2

B. Certification of S&V Reports: Review field data reports to validate accuracy of data and to prepare certified S&V reports. The Certified Report shall be prepared in accordance with the requirements requirements of Part 3, Section 3.4 and the latest edition of the NEBB Procedural Standard for Measurement of Sound and Vibration. C. S&V Report Forms Forms shall include, include, at a minimum, all information required in Part 3, Section 3.5 and the latest edition of the NEBB Procedural Standard for Measurement of Sound and Vibration.

D. Instrumentation Instrument ation Type, Type, Quantity, Accuracy and Calibration shall meet the requirements of the latest edition of the NEBB Procedural Standard for Measurement of Sound and Vibration. E. Field calibration calibration prior to instrument instrument use shall meet the requirements of the latest edition of the NEBB Procedural Standard for Measurement of Sound and Vibration.

SUMMARY 1.6

This Section includes measurement and reporting of sound and vibration levels.

1.3

DEFINITIONS

(To be added as per Appendix G of the Current Revision S&V Procedural Standard)

1.4

SUBMITTALS

In accordance with Contract Documents.

1.5

QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. S&V Firm Firm Qualifications: Engage Engage a NEBB NEBB Certified Sound & Vibration Firm.

PROJECT CONDITIONS

A. Vibration testing shall be performed after HVAC Test and Balance of air and water systems have been satisfactorily completed, and with all systems operating at normal conditions. Vibration testing shall be completed and reported prior to sound testing. B. Sound testing shall be performed after HVAC HVAC Test and Balance Bala nce of air and water systems sys tems have been satisfactorily completed, with all systems operating at normal conditions, and with all spaces completed and finished for occupancy occupancy.. All other building mechanical and electrical systems must be operational that may affect sound readings.


24

PART 2 – PRODUCTS (Not Applicable) PART 3 – EXECUTION 3.1

EXAMINATION

A. Examine the Contract Contract Documents Documents to become familiar with the Project requirements and to discover conditions in the system design that may preclude proper S&V testing of systems and equipment. B. Verify that the mechanical contractor performed, completed and provided written documentation that a field inspection of all vibration isolators and that all vibration isolators have been installed and adjusted properly. Vibration isolator compliance includes, 1. Verify that all isolators are are installed in accordance with manufacturer’s recommendations. 2. Verify that piping, duct, and conduit conduit penetrations through mechanical equipment room envelope are sealed, and if required, rigid contact with building structure does not exist. 3. Steel isolation bases must be inspected for cracked welds, excessive bending or twisting of steel members. 4. Concre Concrete te isolation bases bases must be examexamined for cracked concrete. Isolator retainer brackets must be checked for looseness. The concrete base must be flat and true in plane. 5. Elastomeric isolators must be examined for cracks in the rubber and for loose bonds between the rubber and steel plates or other steel components. Adequate clearance must be provided between bolts and the side of the bolt holes to prevent short circuiting. 6. Steel spring spring isolators must must be examined for loose or missing bolts, nuts or lock washers. Check for spring overloading or underloading, completely collapsed spring coils, and cocked springs. Note

if rubber or glass fiber pad between the bottom plate of the steel spring and the concrete slab or supporting structure is present. 7. Housed steel springs must be examined for proper centering of the springs, clearance between the cast housing and rubber snubber, and the steel spring for tilted or cocked springs. 8. When the the specifications require that the isolators be bolted to the concrete slab or other supporting structure, the bolts may be isolated by means of rubber bushings and rubber washers. 9. Inspect isolators with restraint devices devices to make sure that all shims have been removed and supportive nuts have been properly adjusted to allow for free floating of the isolated system. 10. Seismic restraints shall not prevent the proper functioning of vibration isolation system. 11. Pneumatic isolators must be inspected for overload or underload by checking the air pressure gauge against manufacturer’s submittals or catalog. The pneumatic isolator system should include the isolator, strainer, oil separator, height regulator, and air pressure gauge. Inspect the vicinity of the isolator. Note if the isolator is exposed to damage from vehicle or other traffic. 12. Carefully inspect inspect the space under all isolated bases to assure that these spaces are clean and free of debris to prevent short-circuiting. 13. Check to ensure that all shipping bolts associated with spring isolators have been removed. 14. Inspect all flexible piping, hoses, and expansion joints as to type, length and location as called for by the specifications. Examine flexible hose for excessive elongation. 15. Inspect all electrical and control connections to ensure that they do not restrain

Appendix A

the movement of the vibration isolated equipment. 16. Inspect all fabric connections between fans and ductwork to ensure that a fabric “bellows” exists when the fans are operating. 17.. Each piece of vibration isolated machin17 ery must be free of any structural tie or rigid connection that may “short circuit” the isolation system. All limit stops, shipping bolts, and leveling bolts on all isolators must be inspected to ensure that they are not “short circuiting” the isolation system. 18. Hanger isolators should be free of misalignment and over/underloading. Under no circumstances the isolator rod should be allowed to make rigid contact with the hanger housing. C. Report deficiencies deficiencies as discovered discovered to the approappropriate parties.

3.2

PROCEDURES FOR VIBRATION MEASUREMENTS

A. Perform vibration measurements measurements when other other building and outdoor vibration sources are at a minimum level and will not influence measuremeasurements of equipment being tested. 1. Turn off equipment in the building that might interfere with testing. 2. Restrict people from occupying areas where human activity may affect accuracy of measurements. Measurements should be performed when exterior vibration sources (trains, roadway 1065 traffic, adjacent construction activities, etc.) are at a minimum level. B. Attach and secure the vibration transducer transducer in accordance accordanc e with the latest edition of the NEBB Procedural Standard for Measurement of Sound and Vibration.

25

C. Measure and record, record, on all pumps and fans fans over 3 Hp, and all chillers and compressors over 5HP, 5HP, vibration levels in at least 1 Hz increments over a minimum frequency range of 5 to 200 Hz or as specified by contract documents. documents. D. Measure and record acceleration and/or and/or velocity and/or displacement readings on equipment, bearing and equipment base in the vertical, horizontal and axial planes, where measurements can be performed safely. Record vibration acceleration and/or velocity and/or displacement; in the vertical, radial horizontal and axial axes (with respect to the equipment axis of rotation), or as per contract specifications. 1. Pumps: a. Pump Bearing: Drive end and opposite end. b. Motor bearing: bearing: Drive Drive and opposite end of one each isolator. c. Building: Floor Floor adjacent adjacent to pump/ motor, within 6” of one isolator, vertical axis only. 2. Fans and HVAC HVAC Equipment with Fans: Fans: a. Fan Bearing: Drive end and opposite end. b. Motor Bearing: Bearing: Drive and opposite opposite end. c. Equipment Base: Top and side, within 6” of one isolator. d. Building: Floor adjacent to pump/ motor, within 6” of one isolator, vertical axis only. 3. Chillers and HVAC Equipment with Compressors: a. Compressor Bearing: Drive end and opposite end. b. Motor Bearing: Drive end and opposite end.


26

c. Equipment Base: Top and side, within 6” of one isolator i solator.. d. Building: Floor adjacent to pump/ motor, within 6” of one isolator, vertical axis only.

3.3

PROCEDURES FOR SOUND LEVEL MEASUREMENTS

I. Perform sound testing at 10% 10% of locations on the project for each type of the following spaces. For each space type tested, select a measurement location that has the greatest anticipated sound level. If testing multiple locations for each space type, select at least one location that is near and at least one location that is remote from the predominant sound source. 1. 2. 3. 4.

Private office. Open office area. Conference room. Auditorium/large meeting room/lecture hall. 5. Classroom/training room. 6. Patient room/e room/exam xam room. 7. Sound or vibrati vibration on sensiti sensitive ve laborato laboratory. ry. 8. Hotel room/apartment. 9. Library open space. 10. Public areas (such as, lobbies, hallways, break rooms).

A. Close windows windows and doors to the space. space. B. Perform measuremen measurements ts when the space is not occupied, or when the occupant noise levels from other spaces in the building and outside are at a minimum, or do not affect sound readings. C. Clear the space of temporary sound sound sources sources so unrelated disturbances will not be measured. Turn off all sound sources (personal computers, printers, fax machines, etc.) in the space that may affect sound readings. D. Position testing personnel during measurements to achieve a direct line-of-sight between the sound source and the sound-level meter. E. Take sound measurements at a height approximately 48 inches above the floor and at least 36 inches from a wall, column, or any other large surface capable of altering the measurements. F. Take sound measurements in dB (linear or flat), with the fast time constant, in the octave bands from 31.5 to 8000 Hz. G. Take sound measurements with the HVAC systems off to establish the t he background levels levels and take sound measurements with the HVAC systems operating. Calculate the difference between measurements. Apply a correction factor depending on the difference and adjust measurements. H. Perform sound testing in all occupied space horizontally and vertically adjacent to all mechanical equipment rooms and all mechanical chases.

J. Perform sound testing in all spaces spaces with design criterion of NC or RC 25 or less l ess K. Sound Measurement Reports: Record sound measurements measuremen ts on appropriate test forms, indicating the decibel levels measured in for both “background” and “HVAC system operating” readings. Record each tested location on a separate NC or RC chart. Record the following on the forms. 1. Date and time of test. 2. Equipment operational parameters speed/frequency at time of measurements. 3. Indoor measurements measurements - space location within building including floor level and room/space number

3.4

FINAL REPORT

A. The final report shall be in accordance with the requirements of the current edition of the NEBB Procedural Standard for Measurement of

Appendix A

Sound and Vibration. The final certified report

shall include, but not limited to the following: 1. Report Title page indicating: “Certified “Certified Sound and Vibration Report”; Project Name, names of the project Architect, Engineer, HVAC Contractor and NEBB Certified S&V Firm with names, addresses and telephone numbers. 2. Report Certification Certification Page Page indicating the Project name, Certifying NEBB Qualified Professional’s name, Firm name, Certification number, Expiration date, Certifying NEBB Qualified Professional’s NEBB Stamp (signed & dated). The Certification page shall also contain the required certification statement. 3. Table of contents with the total number of pages defined for each section of the report. Number each page in the report. 4. Report Summary/Remarks including a narrative description of system set-up conditions, results and deficiencies. 5. Instrument Calibration page indicating a list of the instruments to be used to verify the reported data. The page shall contain the name/type of each instrument, the manufacturer, model number, serial number, calibration date and dates of use. 6. Data sheets on Sound and Vibration measurements measureme nts as described below. 7. Other informat information ion relative to equipment performance at time of testing that is deemed appropriate by the NEBB Certified S&V Firm. B. Vibration Measurement Report Forms: For each measurement location, record vibration measurements on appropriate test forms, indicating the following information: 1. Date of test. 2. Equipment designation, location, location, motor horsepower and equipment operational parameters (speed/frequency) at time of measureme measurements. nts.

27

3. Measured acceleration (in units of g’s, g’s, inches/sec�, meters/sec�, or units requested by the engineer of record), and/ or,, measured velocity (in units of inches/ or i nches/ sec, meters/sec or units requested by the engineer of record) and/or, and/or, measured displacement (in units of inches, mils, millimeters, or units requested by the engineer of record). C. Sound Measurement Report Forms: Record sound measurements on appropriate test forms, indicating the decibel levels measured in for both “background” and “building system operating” readings. Record each tested location on a separate NC or RC chart. Record the following on the forms. 1. Date and time of test. 2. Equipment operational parameters – speed/frequency at time of measurements. 3. Indoor measurements measurements – space location within the building including floor level and room space number. 4. Outdoor measurements measurements – location identifier such as location relative to equipment, building, or property line. 5. Indicate where where measurements measurements meet or exceed design criteria.


28

Appendix B. SAMPLE S&V SPECIFICATION – SHORT FORM SECTION 15xxx (23xxx) – SOUND AND VIBRA V IBRATION TION TESTING PART 1 – GENERAL 1.1

SUMMARY

This Section includes measurement and reporting of sound and vibration levels.

PART 2 – PRODUCTS (Not Applicable) PART 3 – EXECUTION 3.1

EXAMINATION

A. Examine the Contract Contract Documents to become become familiar with the Project requirements and to discover conditions in the system design that may preclude proper S&V testing of systems and equipment. 1. Inspect Contract Documents defined in the General and Supplementary Conditions of the Contract. 2. Verify that sound and vibration isolating devices are required by the Contract Documents. Verify Verify that the quantities and locations of these isolating devices are accessible and appropriate for testing. B. Examine approved approved submittal data of final installed HVAC systems and equipment, provided by the mechanical/general contractor, or building owner’s representative. C. Examine appropriate system system and equipment test reports, for systems and equipment requiring factory start-up.

D. Verify that all system and equipment equipment installations are complete and that testing, adjusting, and balancing specified in the contract documents have been performed. E. All vibration isolated machinery must be inspected to examination installation conditions before startup. The following items should be checked: 1. Verify that all isolators are are installed in accordance with manufacturer’s recommendations. 2. Verify that piping, duct, and conduit conduit penetrations through mechanical equipment room envelope are sealed, and if required, rigid contact with building structure does not exist. 3. Steel isolation bases must be inspected for cracked welds, excessive bending or twisting of steel members. 4. Concret Concrete e isolation bases bases must be examexamined for cracked concrete. Isolator retainer brackets must be checked for looseness. The concrete base must be flat and true in plane. 5. Elastomeric isolators must be examined for cracks in the rubber and for loose bonds between the rubber and steel plates or other steel components. Adequate clearance must be provided between bolts and the side of the bolt holes to prevent short circuiting. 6. Steel spring spring isolators must must be examined for loose or missing bolts, nuts or lock washers. Check for spring overloading or under loading, completely collapsed spring coils, and cocked springs. Note if rubber or glass fiber pad between the bottom plate of the steel spring and the concrete slab or supporting structure is present. 7. Housed steel springs must be examined for proper centering of the springs, clearance between the cast housing and rubber snubber, and the steel spring for tilted or cocked springs.

Appendix B

8. When the specifications specifications require require that that the isolators be bolted to the concrete slab or other supporting structure, the bolts may be isolated by means of rubber bushings and rubber washers. 9. Inspect isolators with restraint restraint devices devices to make sure that all shims have been removed and supportive nuts have been properly adjusted to allow for free floating of the isolated system. 10. Seismic restraints shall not prevent the proper functioning of vibration isolation system. 11. Pneumatic isolators must be inspected for overload or under load by checking the air pressure gauge against manufacturer’s submittals or catalog. The pneumatic isolator system should include the isolator, strainer, oil separator, height regulator, and air pressure gauge. Inspect the vicinity of the isolator. Note if the isolator is exposed to damage from vehicle or other traffic. 12. Carefully inspect inspect the space under all isolated bases to assure that these spaces are clean and free of debris to prevent short-circuiting. 13. Check to ensure that all shipping bolts associated with spring isolators have been removed. 14. Inspect all flexible piping, hoses, and expansion joints as to type, length and location as called for by the specifications. Examine flexible hose for excessive elongation. 15. Inspect all electrical and control connections to ensure that they do not restrain the movement of the vibration isolated equipment. 16. Inspect all fabric connections between fans and ductwork to ensure that a fabric “bellows” exists when the fans are operating. 17.. Each piece of vibration isolated 17 isolate d machinery must be free of any structural tie or rigid connection that may “short circuit”

29

the isolation system. All limit stops, shipping bolts, and leveling bolts on all isolators must be inspected to ensure that they are not “short circuiting” the isolation system. 18. Hanger isolators should be free of misalignment and over/under loading. Under no circumstances the isolator rod should be allowed to make rigid contact with the hanger housing. F. Report deficiencies as discovered discovered to the appropriate parties.

3.2

PROCEDURES FOR VIBRATION MEASUREMENTS

A. Perform vibration vibration measurements when other other building and outdoor vibration sources are at a minimum level and will not influence measuremeasurements of equipment being tested. 1. Turn off equipment in the building that might interfere with testing. 2. Restrict people from occupying areas where human activity may affect accuracy of measuremen measurements. ts. 3. Exterior vibration sources; Measurements should be performed when exterior vibration sources (trains, roadway traffic, adjacent construction activities, etc.) are at a minimum level. 4. Attach and secure secure the vibration transducer in accordance with the latest edition of the NEBB Procedural Standard for Measurement of Sound and Vibration. B. Measure and and record, record, on all pumps and fans fans over 3 Hp, and all chillers and compressors over 5HP, 5HP, vibration levels in at least 1 Hz increments over a minimum frequency range of 5 to 200 Hz or as specified by contract documents. documents. C. Measure and record equipment vibration, bearing vibration, equipment base vibration, and on building structure adjacent to equipment. Record vibration acceleration and/or


30

velocity and/or displacement; in the vertical, radial horizontal and axial axes (with respect to the equipment axis of rotation), or as per contract specifications.

quested by the engineer of record), and/ or,, measured velocity (in units of inches/ or i nches/ sec, meters/sec or units requested by the engineer of record) and/or, and/or, measured displacement (in units of inches, mils, millimeters, or units requested by the engineer of record).

1. Pumps: a. Pump Bearing: Drive end and opposite end. b. Motor bearing: bearing: Drive Drive and opposite end. c. Pump Base: Top Top and side, within 6” of one isolator i solator.. d. Building: Floor adjacent to pump/ motor, within 6” of one isolator. 2. Fans and HVAC HVAC Equipment with Fans: Fans: a. Fan Bearing: Drive end and opposite end. b. Motor Bearing: Bearing: Drive and opposite opposite end. c. Equipment Base: Top and side, within 6” of one isolator i solator.. d. Building: Floor Floor adjacent adjacent to fan/ fan/momotor, within 6” of one isolator. 3. Chillers and HVAC Equipment with Compressors: a. Compressor Bearing: Drive end and opposite end. b. Motor Bearing: Drive end and opposite end. c. Equipment Base: Top and side, within 6” of one isolator i solator.. d. Building: Floor adjacent to equipequipment, within 6” of one isolator. D. Vibration Measureme Measurement nt Reports: Reports: 1. Date and time of test. 2. Equipment designation, location, equipequipment speed, motor speed and motor horsepower. 3. Measured acceleration (in units of g’s, g’s, inches/sec�, meters/sec�, or units re-

3.3

PROCEDURES FOR SOUND LEVEL MEASUREMENTS

A. Close windows windows and doors to the space. space. B. Perform measuremen measurements ts when the space is not occupied, or when the occupant noise levels from other spaces in the building and outside are at a minimum, or do not affect sound readings. C. Clear the space of temporary sound sound sources sources so unrelated disturbances will not be measured. Turn off all sound sources (personal computers, printers, fax machines, etc.) in the space that may affect sound readings. D. Position sound level level instrument to achieve a direct line-of-sight between the sound source and the sound-level meter. E. Take sound measurements at a height approximately 48±6 inches above the floor and at least 36±6 inches from a wall, column, or any other large surface capable of altering the measurements. F. Take sound measurements in dB (linear or flat), with the fast time constant, in the octave bands from 31.5 to 8000 Hz. G. Take sound measurements with the HVAC systems off to establish the background levels levels and take sound measurements with the HVAC systems operating. Calculate the difference between measurements. Apply a correction factor depending on the difference and adjust measurements. H. Perform sound testing in all occupied space horizontally and vertically adjacent to all me-

Appendix B

chanical equipment rooms and all mechanical chases. I. Perform sound testing at 10% 10% of locations on the project for each type of the following spaces. For each space type tested, select a measurement location that has the greatest anticipated sound level. If testing multiple locations for each space type, select at least one location that is near and at least one location that i s remote from the predominant sound source. 1. 2. 3. 4.

Private office. Open office area. Conference room. Auditorium/large Auditorium/larg e meeting meeting room/lecture room/lecture hall. 5. Classroom/trainin Classroom/training g room. 6. Patient room/exam room. 7. Sound or vibrati vibration on sensiti sensitive ve laborat laboratory. ory. 8. Hotel room/apartment. 9. Library open space. 10. Public areas (such as, lobbies, hallways, break rooms). J. Perform sound testing testing in all spaces spaces with a design criterion of NC or RC 25 or less. K. Sound Measurement Measurement Reports: Record Record sound measurements measuremen ts on appropriate test forms, indicating the decibel levels measured in for both “background” and “HVAC system operating” readings. Record each tested location on a separate NC or RC chart. Record the following on the forms. 1. Date and time of test. 2. Equipment operational parameters – speed/frequency at time of measurements. 3. Indoor measurements measurements - space location within building including floor level and room space number. 4. Outdoor measurements measurements – location identifier such as location relative to equipment, building, or property line. 5. Indicate where where measurements measurements meet or exceed excee d design criteria.

31

3.4

FINAL REPORT

A. The final report shall be in accordance with the requirements of the current edition of the NEBB Procedural Standard for Measurement of Sound and Vibration.

32


Appendix C. SAMPLE VIBRATION VIBRATION REPORT REP ORT

NEBB Certified Vibration Report Project Name Project Street Address Project City, State and Zip-Code

Prepared for:

Client Name Client Street Address Client City, State and Zip-Code Voice: xxxxx

Prepared by:

Certified Professional’s Name NEBB Firm Name

NEBB Certification Number xxxx

1

Appendix C

33

CERTIFICATION PROJECT:: ___________________________ PROJECT _________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ _____________________

“THE DATA PRESENTED IN THIS REPORT IS AN EXACT RECORD OF THE SOUND AND VIBRATION MEASUREMENTS OBTAINED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE CURRENT EDITION OF THE NEBB PROCEDURAL STANDARD FOR MEASUREMENT OF SOUND AND VIBRATION . ANY VARIANCES FROM DESIGN DESIG N WHICH EXCEED THE LIMITS SET BY THE CONTRACT DOCUMENTS ARE NOTED THROUGHOUT THIS REPORT AND/OR IN THE REPORT PROJECT SUMMARY.” THE SOUND AND VIBRATION LEVELS ALLOWANCES OF THE AIR AND HYDRONIC DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS HAVE BEEN MEASURED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE CURRENT EDITION OF THE NEBB PROCEDURAL STANDARD FOR MEASUREMENT OF SOUND AND VIBRATION AND THE PROJECT SPECIFICATIONS.

SUBMITTED & CERTIFIED BY:

NEBB CERTIFIED PROFESSIO PROFESSIONAL NAL (Print Name): _________________________________________ ___________________________________________ NEBB CERTIFIE CERTIFIED D PROFESSIO PROFESSIONAL NAL (Signature): _________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ___ NEBB CERTIFIED S&V FIRM NAME: _____________________________________________________ CERTIFICATION NO: _________________________________________________________________ CERTIFICATION EXPIRATION DATE: ____________________________________________________

2


34

TABLE OF CONTENTS:

Page Description

Page Number(s)

Title Page

1

Certification Page

2

Table of Contents

3

Instrument Calibration

4

Vibration Isolator Inspection

5

Vibration Analysis Data Pages

6-7

Vibration Analysis Remarks Page

8

3

Appendix C

35

INSTRUMENT CALIBRATION REPORT PROJECT:: _____________________________ PROJECT ___________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ ___________________

Instrument Type




4



Dates of Use


36

VIBRATION ISOLATION INSPECTION REPORT – FREEDOM OF MOVEMENT PROJECT:: _____________________________ PROJECT ___________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ ___________________ LOCATION: LOCA TION: _____________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ __________________ INSPECTIONS TO BE CONDUCTED WHILE EQUIPMENT IS NOT OPERATING OPERATING Yes

FREEDOM OF MOVEMENT

BOLTS

RESTRAINS

SPRING ISOLATORS

Isolator Loaded Height

X

Equipment moves freely when rocked

X

Space between inertia base and slab clear of

X

No

Loose bolts

X

Missing bolts

X

Missing lock screws

X

No restraint from control wiring

X

No restraint from power wiring

X

No restraint from piping connections

X

No restraint from duct connections

X

All isolator restraint devices inoperative

X

Overloading of housed springs

X

Clearance

X

Tilted or cocked springs

X

High frequency isolation pad

X

REMARKS: ______________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ ________________ __ INSPECTION DATES: _________________________________________________________________ MEASUREMENTS BY: _________________________________________________________________ CERTIFIED BY: _______________________________________________________________________ 5

Appendix C

37

VIBRATION ANALYSIS DATA SHEET (VM) PROJECT:: ___________________________ PROJECT _________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ _____________________ Equipment Designation

Motor Horsepower

Motor RPM

Overall Vibration Acceleration (5 to 200 Hz), meters2 / /sec sec

Vertical

Horizontal

Axial

Vector Sum

0.980

N/A

N/A

N/A

1.135

N/A

N/A

N/A

Fan Side of Isolator

3.053

N/A

N/A

N/A

Building Side of Isolator

1.967

N/A

N/A

N/A

RAF- 4H

Fan Side of Isolator Building Side of Isolator RAF- 6H

Equipment Designation

Motor Horsepower

Motor RPM

Overall Vibration Velocity (5 to 200 Hz), millimeters/sec

Vertical

Horizontal

Axial

Vector Sum

0.980

N/A

N/A

N/A

1.135

N/A

N/A

N/A


3.053

N/A

N/A

N/A


1.967

N/A

N/A

N/A

RAF- 4H


Equipment Designation

Motor Horsepower

Motor RPM

Overall Vibration Displacement (5 to 200 Hz), millimeters

Vertical

Horizontal

Axial

Vector Sum

0.980

N/A

N/A

N/A

1.135

N/A

N/A

N/A


3.053

N/A

N/A

N/A


1.967

N/A

N/A

N/A

RAF- 4H


6


38

Figure 1: Vibration Isolator Measurements on AHU-2, Vertical Isolator Over Supply Chase Duct

Fan Frame

AHU Structure

Figure 2: Vibration Isolator Measurements on AHU-2, Vertical Isolator Over Supply Chase Duct

Fan Frame

AHU Structure

7

Appendix C

39

Vibration Limit Specifications:

REMARKS:

TEST DATE: ____________________________________________ READINGS BY: _________________________________________

8

40


Appendix D. SAMPLE SOUND REPORT

NEBB Certified Sound Report Project Name Project Street Address Project City, State and Zip-Code

Prepared for:

Client Name Client Street Address Client City, State and Zip-Code Voice: xxxxx

Prepared by:

Certified Professional’s Name NEBB Firm Name

NEBB Certification Number xxxx

1

Appendix D

41

CERTIFICATION PROJECT:: ___________________________ PROJECT _________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ _____________________

“THE DATA PRESENTED IN THIS REPORT IS AN EXACT RECORD OF THE SOUND AND VIBRATION MEASUREMENTS OBTAINED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE CURRENT EDITION OF THE NEBB PROCEDURAL STANDARD FOR MEASUREMENT OF SOUND AND VIBRATION . ANY VARIANCES FROM DESIGN DESIG N WHICH EXCEED THE LIMITS SET BY THE CONTRACT DOCUMENTS ARE NOTED THROUGHOUT THIS REPORT AND/OR IN THE REPORT PROJECT SUMMARY.” THE SOUND AND VIBRATION LEVELS ALLOWANCES OF THE AIR AND HYDRONIC DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS HAVE BEEN MEASURED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE CURRENT EDITION OF THE NEBB PROCEDURAL STANDARD FOR MEASUREMENT OF SOUND AND VIBRATION AND THE PROJECT SPECIFICATIONS.

SUBMITTED & CERTIFIED BY:

NEBB CERTIFIED PROFESSIO PROFESSIONAL NAL (Print Name): _________________________________________ ___________________________________________ NEBB CERTIFIE CERTIFIED D PROFESSIO PROFESSIONAL NAL (Signature): _________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ___ NEBB CERTIFIED S&V FIRM NAME: _____________________________________________________ CERTIFICATION NO: _________________________________________________________________ CERTIFICATION EXPIRATION DATE: ____________________________________________________

2


42

TABLE OF CONTENTS:

Page Description

Page Number(s)

Title Page

1

Certification Page

2

Table of Contents

3

Instrument Calibration

4

Sound and Data Analysis

5

Vibration Analysis Remarks Page

6

3

Appendix D

43

INSTRUMENT CALIBRATION REPORT PROJECT:: _____________________________ PROJECT ___________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ ___________________

Instrument Type




4



Dates of Use


44

SOUND ANALYSIS DATA SHEET (VM) PROJECT:: _____________________________ PROJECT ___________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ ___________________

Full-Octave Centerband Frequency, Hz

Room Number

31.5

63

125

2 50

500

1000

2000

4000

8000

A

60

54

52

49

44

47

37

29

26

NC

RC

46

43(H)

REMARKS: ______________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ ________________ __ TEST DATES: ________________________________________________________________________ READINGS BY: _______________________________________________________________________

5

Appendix D

45

NOISE CRITERION (NC) CHART

Company Name or Logo in these cells

Project Name: Project Address: Room No./Test Location: System/Unit Number(s Number(s): ): Readings by: Test Date: Octave Band Center Background Equipment Corrected Frequency, Levels On Levels Levels Hz

NC Rating = Remarks:

63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000

45.0 46.0 40.0 38.0 33.0 29.0 24.0 20.0

54.0 52.0 49.0 44.0 47.0 37.0 29.0 26.0

53.4 50.7 48.4 42.7 46.8 36.3 27.3 24.7

46


46

ROOM CRITERION (RC) CHART

Company Name or Logo in these cells

Project Name: Project Address: Room No./Test Location: System/Unit Number(s Number(s): ): Readings by: Test Date: Octave Band Center Background Equipment Corrected Frequency, Levels On Levels Levels Hz

RC Rating = Remarks:

31.5 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000

41.0 35.0 30.0 26.0 25.0 21.0 20.0 18.0

65.0 61.0 55.0 50.0 42.0 36.0 31.0 30.0

65.0 61.0 55.0 50.0 41.9 35.9 30.6 29.7

43 (Hiss)

Appendix E

47

Appendix E. DESIGN GUIDELINES FOR HVAC-RELATED SOUND IN ROOMS (NC AND RC RATINGS) The following table presents recommended goals for indoor background noise levels in various types/uses of unoccupied rooms served by HVAC systems. These data were taken from the NEBB ‘Sound and Vibration Design and Analysis’ book dated 1994, Chapter 2, Table 2.4. As reference these data are similar to that presented in the 2015 ASHRAE HVAC Applications Handbook, Chapter 48, Section 2.1, Table 1. Table 2.4 Design Guidelines for HVAC System Noise in Unoccupied Spaces (Note 4) Space

RC(N)

Space

Private Residences, Apartments, Condominiums

22-35

Laboratories (with Fume Hoods)

RC(N)

Testing/Research, Minimal Speech Communication Hotels/Motels

Individual Rooms or Suites

25-35

Meeting/Banquet Rooms

25-35

Halls, Corridors, Lobbies

35-45

Service/Support Areas

35-45

Rese Re sear arch ch,, Ex Exte tens nsiv ivee Tel elep epho hone ne Us Usag age, e, Sp Spee eech ch Co Comm mmun unic icat atio ionn

40-5 40 -50 0

Group Teaching

35-45

Churches, Mosques, Synagogues with Critical Music Programs

25-35 (Note 2)

Schools

Classrooms up to 750 ft 2

Office Buildings

40 (Max)

Executive & Private Offices

25-35

Classrooms over 750 ft 2

35 (Max)

Conference Rooms

25-35

Lecture Rooms for More Than 50 (Unamplified Speech)

35 (Max)

Teleconference Rooms

25 (Max)

Open Plan Offices

30-40

Circulation & Public Lobbies

40-45

Libraries

30-40

Courtrooms Hospitals & Clinics

Unamplified Speech

25-35

Amplified Speech

30-40

Private Rooms

25-35

Wards

30-40

Operating Rooms

25-35

Corridors

30-40

School and College Gymnasia and Natatoria

40-50 (Note 3)

Public Areas

30-40

Large Seating Capacity Spaces (with Amplified Speech)

45-55 (Note 3)

Indoor Stadia and Gymnasia

Performing Arts Spaces

Drama Theaters

25 (Max)

Concert & Recital Halls

(Note 2)

Music Teaching Studios

25 (Max)

Music Practice Rooms

35 (Max)

Note 1: The above values and ranges are based on judgment and experience, not on quantitative evaluations of human reactions. They represent general limits of acceptability for typical building occupancies. Higher or lower values may be appropriate and should be based on a careful analysis of economics, space usage, and user needs. They are not intended to serve by themselves as a basis for a contractual requirement. Note 2: An experienced acoustical consultant should be retained for guidance on acoustically critical spaces (below RC 30) and for all Performing Arts spaces. Note 3: Spectrum levels and sound quality are of lesser importance in these spaces than overall sound levels. Note 4: When the quality of the sound in the space is important, specify criteria in terms of RC(N). If the quality of the sound in the space is of secondary concern, the criteria may be specified in terms NC criteria.


48

Appendix F. F. VIBRA VIBRATION TION LIMIT CRITERIA CRITERIA The following information presents recommended recommended criteria to evaluate vibration severity and has been taken from the NEBB ‘Sound and Vibration Design and Analysis’ book dated 1994, Chapter 9, Figures 9.5 and 9.6. Additionally, there are other sources for allowable vibration limits in machinery, buildings, and for human vibration exposure in ASHRAE, ANSI/ASA and ISO standards. As reference these curves are to the same as Figures 42 and 43 in the 2015 ASHRAE HVAC Applications Handbook, Chapter 48, Section 3.3. Some notes/guidelines for using the Vibration Criteria Curves. Horizontal or X-axis – of Figures 9.5 and 9.6 is frequency of vibration in units of Hz

Units – the X-axis units of frequency, can be converted to CPM (cycles per minute) or RPM (revolutions per minute) through standard unit conversion conversion.. Vertical or Y-axis – for Figures 9.5 and 9.6 are in terms of velocity, in units of meters/sec.

Units – the Y-axis units of frequen frequency, cy, can be converted from metric to English through standard unit conversion. Figure 9.5 (Metric) Building Vibration Criteria for Vibration Measured on the Building Structure

Figure 9.5 (U.S.) Building Building Vibration Vibration Criteria for Vibration Vibration Measured on the Building Structure 10 0

10 -2

10

Cur ve

Ve l o c i t y

J

8 . 0 0 x 1 0 -4

I

4.00 x 10 -4

-3

10

-1

C ur v e s / m y t i c o l e V S M R

10

-4

H

2.00 x 10 -4

G

1.40 x 10 -4

F

1.00 x 10 -4

E

5.00 x 10 -5

D

2.50 x 10

-5

1.25 x 10

-5

C

10

10

s / . n i y t i c o l e V S M R

-5

10

-6

B

6.25 x 10

A

3.13 x 10 -6

10

-6

10 1

10 Frequency - Hz

10 0

Ve l o c i t y

J

0 . 0 32

I

0 . 0 16

H

0 . 0 08

G

0 . 0 0 56

F

0 . 0 04

E

0 . 0 02

D

0 . 0 01

C

0 . 0 0 05

B

0. 00 02 5

A

0. 000 125

-2

-3

-4

1

10 Frequency - Hz

10 0

Appendix F

49

Figure 9.6 (Metric) Equipment Equipment Vibration Vibration Severity Severity Rating for Vibration Measured on Equipment Structure or Bearing Caps

1.13 x 10

-2

Rough

5.64 x 10

Slightly Rough s / m y t i c o l e V S M R

Fair 10

-3

Good

7.05 x 10 3.53 x 10

Smooth

1.76 x 10

Very Smooth

-4

2.82 x 10 1.41 x 10

Very Good

10

10

Velocity

Very Rough 10

Figure 9.6 (U.S.) Equipment Equipment Vibration Vibration Severity Rating Rating for Vibration Measured on Equipment Structure or Bearing Caps

8.81 x 10

0

-2

Very Rough

-3

Rough

0.444

10 Frequency - Hz

0.222

Slightly Rough

-3

s / . n i y t i c o l e V S M R

-3

-4

-4

10

Fair

0.111 0.0555

Good

0.0277

Very Good 10

-4

-1

0.0139

-2

Smooth

0.0069

Very Smooth

-5

Extremely Smooth

1

Velocity

0.0035

Extremely Smooth

10 0

10

-3

1

10 Frequency - Hz

10 0


50

Appendix G. DEFINITIONS COMMON TO ALL DIS DISCIP CIPLIN LINES ES A-Weighting (A-scale or dB(A)): Frequency re-

sponse of sound levels at different frequencies frequencies as defined in ANSI S1.4 American National Standard Specification for Sound Level Meters. Adjusts the levels of a frequency frequen cy spectrum in the same s ame way the human ear does when exposed to low levels of sound.

are part of the supply fixture and reported as a unit or an assembly. Example supply fixtures are grilles, registers, diffusers, and perforated ceilings. Airborne Noise (Sound): Sound that arrives at a

point of interest by propagation through the air. Ambient Noise (Sound): All-encompassing noise

associated with a given environment at a given time, including noise from the sound source of interest. As-Found Data: Data found and documented during

initial testing prior to modifications of a system. Absolute Value: The numerical value without regard

to its sign. So, for example, the absolute value of 3 is 3, and the absolute value of -3 is also 3. Acceleration: The vector quantity that specifies the

Attenuation: The decrease in the sound level be-

tween the source and the receiver from various mechanisms, such as geometrical divergence, divergence, atmospheric absorption, building structures, etc.

time rate of change of velocity. Axial Axis of Measurement (z-axis): An axis of Accelerometer (Transducer): A device that con-

verts shock or vibratory motion into an electrical signal proportional to the experienced motion; an instrument for measuring acceleration or for detecting and measuring vibrations. Acceptance Criteria:

1. The value, or range of values, compared to the measured value that determines if the test results pass or fail. 2. A test made upon completion of fabrication, receipt, installation or modification of a component unit or system to verify it meets the requirements require ments specified.

measurement along or parallel to the rotating axis of measurement a piece of equipment. Background Noise (Sound): Total noise from all

sources other than a particular sound that is of interest; e.g. other than noise from the sound source of interest. Building Information Modeling (BIM): Uses a 3-di-

mensional computer-aided design and drafting program to model all aspects of a building that allows discovery of space conflicts, scheduling conflicts and improved design due to improved coordination. C-Weighting (C-scale or dB(C)): Frequency re-

Accuracy: The capability of an instrument to indi-

cate the true value of a measured quantity. Activities: The individual steps or action items nec-

essary to complete a course of action in the NEBB Technical RCX-EB program.

sponse of sound levels at different frequencies frequencies as defined in ANSI S1.4 American National Standard Specification for Sound Level Meters. Adjusts the levels of a frequency frequen cy spectrum in the same way the human ear does when exposed to high levels of sound. Calibrate (Calibration): The act of comparing an

Air Supply Fixture: Device or opening through

which air flows into the laboratory room. For the purpose of these Standard Procedures, all accessories, connecting duct adapters, or other mounting ai rways

instrument of unknown accuracy with a standard of known accuracy to detect, correlate, report, or correct by adjustment unacceptable variation in the accuracy of the tested instrument.

Appendix G

51

Certificate of Compliance (Conformance): A writ-

Deficiency: Any installation, measurement, or find-

ten statement, signed by a qualified party, attesting the items or services are in accordance with specified requirements, and accompanied by additional information to substantiate the statement. st atement.

ing outside the tolerances allowed by NEBB Procedural Standards or project specifications.

Certification: The process of validation required to

obtain a Certificate of Compliance. Construction Documents: Construction documents

usually include the project manual (specifications), plans (drawings), and general terms and conditions of the contract. These documents vary from project to project, as the owner needs change and as various State, Federal, or International regulations dictate. Contract Document Evaluation: A NEBB Certified

Firm evaluation of the contract plans and specifications is limited to determining the scope of responsibilities and reporting.

Design Criteria: A listing of the projects design re-

quirements, including the source of the design requirements. These are used during the design phase review to show the design element meets the OPR. Design Development (DD): Design Development

takes the Schematic Design (SD) phase and turns these conceptual plans into one-line duct and piping drawings with identifiable zones. Specifications would be in outline form with typical details shown. DD includes preliminary equipment schedules. Design Intent: Documents providing a written, de-

tailed record of ideas, concepts and criteria defined as important by the owner. The overall term includes the OPR and the BOD. Design Professional: The design professional, archi-

Contract Documents (CD): Contract documents

tect or engineer of record of the project.

include design and construction contracts, financial and scope of work agreements, all plans and specifications.

Direct Sound (Direct Sound Field): Sound which

reaches a given location in a direct line from the source, without any reflections.

Corrective Action: Repairing, replacing, re-building,

calibrating or adjusting of equipment or systems. Current Facility Requirements (CFR): A document

listing the facilities current use requirements. requirements. Similar to an OPR for new buildings but applied to an existing facility. Decibel: A unit for expressing the ratio of the mag-

nitudes of two electric voltages or currents or analogous acoustic quantities equal to 20 times the common logarithm of the t he voltage or current ratio. Deferred System Test: Tests that cannot be com-

pleted at the end of the Construction Phase due to ambient conditions, schedule issues or other conditions preventing testing.

Displacement: The vector quantity that specifies the

change of position of a body or particle, with respect to a mean position or position at rest. In vibration, reported in units of mils = .001 inches. Envelope: The construction, taken as a whole or in

part, that separates the indoors of a building from the outdoors. Environmental Systems: Systems using a combi-

nation of mechanical equipment, airflow, water flow and electrical energy to provide heating, ventilating, air conditioning, humidification, and dehumidification for the purpose of human comfort or process control of temperature and humidity. Executive Summary: A section of the Commission-

ing Report that reviews the general outcome of the

52


project. It includes any unresolved issues, recommendations for the resolution of unresolved issues, and all deferre deferred d testing require requirements. ments.

Issues/Deficiency Log: A formal, ongoing record of

Far Field: The portion of the sound field of a sound

problems or concerns – and their resolution – raised by members of NEBB Technical Commissioning or Retro-Commissioning Teams during the course of the their activity.

source in which the sound pressure level decrease by 6 dB for each doubling of distance from the source.

May: Indicates a course of action permissible as de-

termined by the NEBB Certified Firm. Fast Time Constant (response): exponentially time

averages the measured sound levels over a 1/8- secaverages ond (125 millisecond) time.

Mil: A unit of measure. In Inch-Pounds units 1 mil

Fenestration: Any opening in a building structure

equals one-thousandth of an inch (0.001 inch). In metric units 1 micrometer equals one-thousandth of a millimeter (0.001 millimeter).

such as windows, skylights, window walls, doors, louvers, and access panels.

Near Field: The sound field close to a sound source

Flat Weighting (dB(Flat) or dB(Linear)): Does not

adjust frequency response of sound levels at different frequencies. frequen cies. Does not adjust the level of a frequency spectrum for either high or low levels of sound. Free Sound Field (Free Field): A sound field in which

the effects of boundaries are negligible over the frequency range of interest. i nterest. Frequency: The number of vibrations or waves or cy-

cles of any periodic phenomenon per second. Function: The particular type of data measurement specified in NEBB Standards for Instrumentation and Calibration. Functionality: A design component or construction

process allowing a system or component to operate or be constructed in a manner producing the required outcome of the OPR. Grille: Louvered or perforated face over an opening.

(between the source and the far field) where the instantaneous sound pressure and particle velocity are not in phase. NEBB Certified Sound Report: The data presented in

a NEBB Certified Sound Report accurately represents system measurements obtained in accordance with the current edition of the NEBB Procedural Standards for Measurement of Sound and Vibration. A NEBB Certified Sound Report does not necessarily guarantee that systems measured conform to the design requirements or stated guidelines. The report is an accurate representation of the measured results only. NEBB Certified Vibration Report: The data present-

ed in a NEBB Certified Vibration Report accurately represents represe nts system measuremen measurements ts obtained in accordance with the current edition of the NEBB Procedural Standards for Measurement of Sound and Vibration. A NEBB Certified Vibration Report does not necessarily guarantee that systems measured conform to the design requirements requirements or stated guidelines. The report is an accurate representation representation of the measured results only.

Harmonics: A sinusoidal component that is a whole

number multiple of the fundamental frequency. Horizontal Axis of Measurement (x-axis): An axis

of measurement parallel to the mounting base of a piece of equipment or the building foundation.

NEBB Sound Certified Firm: A firm that has met

and maintains all the requirements of NEBB for firm certification in Sound Measurement and is currently certified by NEBB. A NEBB Certified Sound Firm shall employ at least one NEBB Certified Professional.

Appendix G

53

NEBB TAB Certified Firm: A firm that has met and

Occupancy State(s): Three conditions of various

maintains all the requirements of NEBB for firm certification in Testing, Adjusting, and Balancing of Environmental Systems and is currently certified by NEBB. A NEBB TAB Certified Firm shall employ at least one NEBB TAB Certified Professional in a management position.

stages of testing of a cleanroom: As-Built, At-Rest, and Operational.

NEBB Sound Certified Professional (CP): An em-

ployee of the firm in a management position who has successfully passed the Certified Professional written and practical qualification examinations and maintains the re-qualification requirements requirements of NEBB. NEBB Vibration Certified Firm: A firm that has met

and maintains all the requirements of NEBB for firm certification in Vibration Measurement and is currently certified by NEBB. A NEBB Certified Vibration Firm shall employ at least one NEBB Vibration Certified Professional in a management position.

Octave: The frequency interval between two sounds

whose frequency frequency ratio is 2. Octave Band (1/1-octave or full-octave) Sound Pressure Level: The sound pressure level of sound

at all frequen frequencies cies contained within that band; 1/1-octave frequency bands are defined ANSI S1.11. Peak-to-Peak vibration value (p-p): The total dis-

tance traveled by the vibrating part, from one extreme limit of travel to the other extreme limit of travel, usually expressed in mils. Post Occupancy Phase: During this phase the NEBB

CP will revisit the project and perform performance verification. This could include trend review, review, staff interviews, and functional testing.

NEBB Vibration Certified Professional (CP): An

Potable Water: Water that is satisfactory for drink-

employee of the firm in a management position who has successfully passed the Certified Professional written and practical qualification examinations and maintains the re-qualification requirements requirements of NEBB.

ing, culinary, and domestic purposes and that meets the requirements requirements of the Health Authority Having Jurisdiction. Precision: The ability of an instrument to produce

Noise: Any disagreeable or undesired sound. Noise Criteria Curve (NC Curve): A series of curves

of octave-band sound spectra in a system for rating the noisiness of an occupied indoor space. An actual octave-band spectrum is compared with this set of curves to determine the NC level of the space. Nominal Airflow Rate: The flow rate indicated by

the blower door using the manufacturer’s manufacturer’s calibration coefficients (m3 / /ss or ft�/min, ft�/min, CFM). Non-Unidirectional Airflow: Previously known as

non-laminar flow, air distribution where the supply air entering the clean zone mixes with the internal air by means of induction.

repeatable readings of the same quantity under the same conditions. The precision of an instrument refers to its ability to produce a tightly grouped set of values around the mean value of the measured quantity. Precision Index of the Average: The sample stan-

dard deviation divided by the square root of the number of samples. Pre-Design Phase Commissioning: Commissioning

tasks performed prior to the start of design activities that include project programming and the development of the commissioning activities for the project. Pre-Functional Test (PFT): There are several types

of HVAC PFT’s that are performed during the construction phase prior to Functional Performance


54

Testing. These include installation verification tests, static tests, and equipment startup tests.

Retro-Commissioning: Retro-Commissioning is the

platform of improving the performance of an existing building.

Pressure Station: A specified induced change in the

building pressure difference from the initial zero-flow building pressure difference (Pa, in. w.c.).

Retro-Commissioning Retro-Commission ing Authority (RCXA): An indi-

vidual who is trained, qualified and certified to perform NEBB Technical Retro-Commissioning services.

Procedure: A defined approach that outlines the

execution of a sequence of work or operations. Procedures are used to produce repeatable and defined results. Pure Tone: A single frequency sound wave. Rainwater: Natural precipitation not contaminated

by use. Range: The upper and lower limits of an instrument’s

ability to measure values for which the instrument is calibrated. Reclaimed (recycled) water: Non-potable water

provided by a water/wastewater utility that, as a result of tertiary treatment of domestic wastewater, meets requirements of the public health Authority Having Jurisdiction for its reclaimed (recycled) water shall be approved by the public health Authority Having Jurisdiction. Register: Combination grille and damper assembly. Release Rate: The rate of release, in actual liters per

minute (LPM) of tracer gas during a hood test. Remedial Design: Design activities required to com-

plete any corrective action as recommended through the RCX program. Resolution:

1. The smallest change change in a measured measured variable variable that an instrument can detect. 2. The implementation implementation of actions that correct correct a tested or observed deficiency.

Reverse Flow: Airflow within the hood when smoke

released in the hood moves forward toward the front of the hood. This term does not apply to the forward motion of the roll inside the hood that occurs in the upper cavity of the hood above the hood opening or to the cyclonic motion that occurs behind a closed horizontal sash. Roll: The rotation of air, commonly referred to as vor-

tex, in the upper cavity of the hood. The momentum of the air entering the hood through the hood opening induces the roll. Room Criterion Curve (RC Curve): A series of

curves of octave-band sound spectra in a system for rating the noisiness of an occupied indoor space; an actual octave-band spectrum is compared with this set of curves to determine the RC level of the space. Room Velocity: The residual air velocity level in the

occupied zone of the conditioned space. (e.g., 0.33, 0.25, 0.17 m/s (65, 50, 35 fpm)) Root Mean Square (RMS):

1. The square root of the time average of the sound (vibration) wave(s). 2. (V (Velocit elocityy measurement measurement): ): When vibrati vibrations ons are random or consist of a number of sinusoidal vibrations of different frequencies. The RMS value is a measure of the effective energy used to produce the vibration of the machine. For a sinusoidal motion the RMS value is 0.707 times peak. Seismic Vibration: Vibration in and of a building

structure.

Appendix G

55

Shaft Pressurization System: A type of smoke-con-

Sound Power Level (Lw): Ten times the logarithm

trol system intended to positively pressurize stair and elevator shafts with outdoor air by using fans to keep smoke from contaminating the shafts during an alarm condition.

(to the base 10) of the ratio of a given sound power to a reference sound power of 1 Pico watt (1 Pico watt = 10-12 watts). Sound Pressure Level (Lp): In air, 20 times the log-

Shall: Indicates mandatory requirements to be fol-

lowed in order for the project to become a NEBB certified project. Work must conform to these standards and procedures procedures and no deviation is i s permitted. Note: In the event unique circumstances prevent a required action from being fulfilled, a notation shall be included in the report explaining the reason the requirement was not completed. For example, such notation could be: Not Available, Not Applicable, or Not Accessible. The simple notation “N/A” without definition is not allowed.

arithm (to the base 10) of a given sound pressure to a reference sound pressure of 20 microPascals (0.00002 Pascals) 1 Pascal = 1 Newton/m2. Standard: A required qualification, action, or result. Standard Operating Procedure (SOP):

Single Zone: A space where the pressure difference

1. An internal internal policy prepared prepared by the Certified Firm or prepared by the Owner. Procedures are written to provide guidance, direction, and step-by-step details relating to issues such as safety, testing protocols, acceptance criteria, etc. Use NEBB Certified Firm SOP in absence of SOP prepared by the Owner. 2. Established procedure procedure to be followed followed in carrying out a given operation or in a given situation.

between any two places vary by no more than 5% of the inside to outside pressure difference. difference.

Structure Borne Noise: Sound that arrives at a point

Should: Indicate a certain course of action is pre-

ferred but not necessarily required.

of interest by propagation through a solid structure. Site Observation Report (SOR): A report of peri-

odic site inspections and observations made by the CP. Observation reports are intended to identify installation issues/ issues/deficiencies deficiencies requiring correction or analysis.

Terminal: A point where the controlled medium en-

ters or leaves the distribution system (e.g., a grille or diffuser). Terminal Unit: A device that regulates the amount

Slow Time Constant: exponentially time averages

and/or the temperature of the controlled medium.

the measured sound levels over a 1-second (1,000 millisecond) time.

Test Procedure: A written protocol that defines

Sound: A physical disturbance in air (or another me-

dium) that is capable of being detected by the human ear.

methods, personnel, and expectations for tests conducted on components, equipment, assemblies, systems, and interfaces among systems. Testing: The use of specialized and calibrated instru-

Sound (S): NEBB Certification Program for Sound

Testing specifies procedures for measuring and recording the sound pressure levels in occupied and mechanical spaces inside the building envelope, and for measuring and recording sound levels outside the building envelope from building mechanical equipment located inside or outside the building envelope.

ments to measure parameters such as temperature, pressure, vapor flow, airflow, fluid flow, fluid quantities, rotational speed, electrical characteristics, velocity, sound and vibration level, air and hydronic quantities, and other data in order to determine performance, operation, or function.

56


Testing Interval: 1. 6 Months: Testing that occurs at an average

interval not exceeding 183 days throughout periods of operation use, subject to no interval exceeding 190 days. 2. 12 Months: Testing that occurs at an average interval not exceeding 366 days throughout periods of operation use, subject to no interval exceeding 400 days. 3. 24 Months: Testing that occurs at an average interval not exceeding 731 days throughout periods of operation use, subject to no interval exceeding 800 days. Third Octave Band (1/3-octave) Sound Pressure Level: The sound pressure level of sound at all fre-

quencies contained within that band; 1/3-octave frequency bands are defined ANSI S1.11. Training Plan: The document in outline form detail-

ing subjects for operator training. Training agendas should address instruction on how to obtain service, operate, startup, shutdown, and maintain all systems and components of the project. Troubleshooting: Procedural activities for investi-

gating a specific fault or failure of a system or piece of equipment. Verification: The process where specific documents,

components, equipment, assemblies, systems, and interfaces among systems are confirmed to comply with criteria described in the Owner’s Project Requirements. Vertical Axis of Measurement (y-axis): An axis of

measurement perpendicular to the horizontal and axial axes of measurement of a piece of equipment but not necessarily in the horizontal plane. Vibration: An oscillation wherein the quantity is a

parameter that defines the motion of a mechanical (physical) system. The general simplified model used to describe vibration is simple harmonic motion.

Vibration (V): NEBB Certification Program for Vibra-

tion Testing specifies procedures for measuring and recording recordin g the vibration levels of building mechanical equipment (rotating equipment that supports the building infrastructure), and vibration levels of the building structure resulting from building mechanical equipment. Wavelength: The wavelength of a periodic wave in an

isotropic medium is the perpendicular distance between two wave fronts in which the displacements have a difference in phase of one complete period or cycle. Zone: A volume of building served by a single venti-

lation system. For buildings with natural ventilation only, the whole building is considered a zone.

Appendix H

Appendix H. ACRONY ACR ONYMS MS ACH AHJ AI AL AM ANSI BET BIM BOD BSC CA CCTV CD CFM CFR CO CO2 CP CPC CPT Cx Cx-NC Cx-N C DD DDC ∆P DOP DPC ELA EqLA FFT FHT FOV FPT HEPA HVAC HV AC IEQ IEST IFOV ISO

Air Changes per Hour Authority Having Jurisdiction As Installed Air Leakage area As Manufactured American National Standards Institute AU As Used Building Buildi ng Envelop Testing Building Information Modeling Basis of Design Building Systems Commissioning Commissioning Authority Closed Circuit Televisi elevision on Contract Documents Cubic Feet per Minute Current Facility Requirements Carbon monoxide Carbon dioxide Certified Professional Construction Phase Commissioning Cleanroom Performance Testing Commissioning Commissioning – New Construction Design Development Direct Digital Control Differential Pressure Dioctyl Phthalate Design Phase Commissioning Effective Leakage Area Equivalent Leakage Area Fast Fourier Tr Transform ansform Fume Hood Testing Field-of-View Functional Performance Test High Efficiency Particul Particulate ate Air Filter Heating, Ventilat entilation, ion, Air Conditio Conditioning ning Indoor Environmen Environmentt Quality Institute of Environmen Environmental tal Sciences and Technology Instantaneous Instanta neous Field of View International Organization of Standardization

57

FT LED LP LPM LW M MIN MRTD

Feet Light Emitting Diode Sound pressure level Liters Per Minute Sound power level Meter Minute Minimum Resolvabl Resolvable e Temperature Difference N/A N/ A Not Available, Not Applica Applicable, ble, Not Accessible NC Noise Criterion; New Construction NEBB National Environmen Environmental tal Balancing Bureau OPR Owner’s Project Requirements P-P Peak-to-Peak Pa Pascals PAO PA O Poly-Alpha Olefin PFT Pre-Functional Test PID Proportional Integral Derivative PPM Parts Per Millio Million n PSL Polystyrene Latex Spheres RC Room Criterion RCX-EB Retro-Commissioning Retro-Comm issioning for Existing Buildings RCxA Retro-Commissioning Retro-Comm issioning Authority RMS Root Mean Square S Second SCFM Standard Cubic Feet per Minute SD Schematic Design SME Sash Movement Effect SME-AI Sash Movement Effect – As Install Installed ed SME-AM Sash Movement Effect – As Manufactured SME-AU Sash Movement Effect – As Used SO Site Observation SOP Standard Operating Procedure SP Static Pressur Pressure e TAB Testing, Adjusti Adjusting ng and Balanci Balancing ng TP Total Pressure ULPA Ultra-Low Penetration Air VAV Variable Variabl e Air Volume VOC Volati olatile le Organic Compounds VP Velocity Pressure V Vibration

58

Index


Vibration, 16 Minimum Instrumentation, 5 N

A

A-Weighting, 20, 22 Acceleration, Acceler ation, 5, 8, 16 Accelerometer, 5, 7, 17

NEBB

Background Noise, 10, 47

Certified S&V Firm, 1, 4 Certified S&V Report, 2, 4, 8 Certified S&V Professional, 1 Disciplines, 57 Noise Criteria (NC), 4, 18

C

O

B

C-Weighting, 22, 50 Certified, Professionall Qualifications, 1, 23 Professiona Professionall Responsibilities, 1, 13 Professiona Technician, 1, 18 Condition Required for Measurement Sound, 14 Environmental Environment al Systems, 15 Exterior, 14 Interior, 14 Vibration, 16 Construction Field Inspection Verification, 11 Construction Readiness Report, 13 D

Data Measurements, Sound, 21 Vibration, 18 Definitions, 49 Displacement, 16, 18, 25, 27 E

Examination, Drawings, 11 Specifications, 11 Submittals, 11 F

Final S&V Report, 2, 26, 31 Firm Equipment Certification, 5 Frequency, 17, 18, 25, 27, 29, 52 G H

Horizontal Axis of Measurement, 18, 19, 25, 48

P

Preliminary S&V Procedures, 11 Project Communication, 2 Project Completion, 2 Q

Qualified S&V Professional, 1 Quality, Assurance Program Certificate, 1 Assurance Program, 1 Control, 1 R

Recertification Requirements, 5, 6, 7 Recertification Report Certification, 9 Report Summary, 10 Report Title, 8 Reports, 8 Required Forms, 8 Responsibilities, Construction Team, 3 Design Professionals, 3 S&V Firm, 3 Room Criteria (RC), 11, 20, 46 S

Sample S&V Reporting Forms, 32, 40 Sample S&V Specifications, Long Form, 23 Short Form, 28 Sound Scope, 20 Sound Measurement Forms, 40 Sound Pressure Levels, 7 Sound Sources, 20

I

Inspection Check Lists, 12 Instrumentation, Calibration, 5, 6, 9, 21 Range and Accuracy, Use, 6 Requirements, 5 Use and Maintenance, 1 J-K-L M

Measurement Locations, Measurement Sound, 21 Vibration, 18 Measurement Procedures, Sound, 21

T

Testing, Adjusting, & Balancing (TAB), 17 U V

Velocity, 16, 18, 25, 27, 30 Vertical Axis of Measurement, 18, 19, 25, 48 Vibration Measurement Forms, 32 Vibration Scope, 16 W

Work Completion, 2 X-Y-Z

R

8575 Grovemont Circle Gaithersburg, Maryland 20877 Tel 301-977-3698 Fax 301-977-9589 www.nebb.org

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