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Nature and Scope of Administrative law
ATENEO Administrative Law
MATS University
MATS Law School Project on “Nature and Scope of Administrative
law”
SUBMITTED TO
SUBMITTED
BY Ms. Disha Atri
Pragati
Dewangan Asst Asst.. Prof Profes esso sorr
B.A. B.A.LL LL.B .B [1]
MATS Law School
4th Semester
MATS Uniersit!
MU"#BALLB"$ A!N"#L$%&$M$NT
%e& here'!& want !o( to )now that we than) o(r college *MATS LA% S+,OOL- for roi/ing (s with intellect(al an/ co0oeratie fac(lt! for Legal metho/ 1Ms. Disha Atri2 who allotte/ (s the ro3ect toic *5at(re an/ Scoe of A/ministratie law- an/ gae (s the oort(nit! to research on the toic an/ gain )nowle/ge an/ comman/ oer it. we wo(l/ also li)e to than) o(r Director sir Dr. 6.P. Triathi for roi/ing er! informatie& f(ll of )nowle/ge an/ great ariet! of 'oo)s in the college li'rar!& at the same time we wo(l/ li)e to than) the li'rarian Mr. Anil Dewangan to allow (s to the refer the 'oo)s an/ sen/ amle of time in the li'rar!. 5at(re an/ Scoe of A/ministratie law on which roe/ to 'e a 'oon for (s an/ o(r ro3ect hele/ (s a lot in (n/erstan/ing the 'asics of the toic. Next, we convey our sincere thanks and gratitude to my friends and family for rendering constructive and valuable suggestions and comments that have helped a lot in improving the quality and content of the project and also helped us for completing the project in limited time frame.
Than) Yo( Pragati Dewangan I7 SEMESTE8
[2]
%$LA'AT("N
%e are here to resent ro3ect wor) entitle/ “Nature and Scope of Administrative law” s('mitte/ to the MATS Uniersit! is the original wor) /one '! (s (n/er the g(i/ance of Ms. Disha& MATS Law School& 6(ll(& Arang& an/ this ro3ect has not erforme/ the 'asis for the awar/ of an! Degree or /iloma an/ similar ro3ect if an!. It9s for o(r ersonal interest an/ )nowle/ge. Pragati Dewangan
B.A.LL.B Semester
4T,
[3]
:
TA)L$ "* "NT$NTS
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Intro/(ction Definition '! /ifferent A(thors Scoe Significance 8eason for 6rowth Diec! on A/ministratie law +oncl(sion
[4]
(NT'"%UT("N+,
A/ministratie law is the 'o/! of law that goerns the actiities of a/ministratie agencies of the goernment which comrise of r(le ma)ing or legislation1when /elegate/ to them '! the Legislat(re as an/ when the nee/ 'e2&a/3(/ication1to rono(nce /ecisions while giing 3(/gements
on
certain
matters2&imlementationenforcement
of
('lic
olic!.
%$*(N(T("N )- %(**$'$NT AUT."'S+, L D %hite o'seres& *P('lic A/ministration consist of all those oerations haing for their (rose the f(lfilment or enforcement of ('lic olic!-. Pliffner /efines It wo(l/ seem that *P('lic A/ministration consists of getting the wor) of goernment /one '! co0or/inating the efforts of the eole so that the! can wor) together to accomlish their set tas)s-. Prof %oo/row %ilson /efine/ P('lic A/ministration as /etaile/ an/ s!stematic eec(tion of ('lic lawC eer! artic(lar alication of general law is an act of a/ministration. L(ther 6(llic) P('lic A/ministration is that art of the science of a/ministration which has to /o with 6oernment an/ th(s concerns itself rimaril! with the eec(tie 'ranch where the wor) of the goernment is /one. Dwight %al/o& /efines P('lic A/ministration as the art an/ science of management as alie/ to
the
affairs
[5]
of
state9
S"P$ "* A%M(N(ST'AT(/$ LA# A/ministratie law /etermines the organiation& owers an/ /(ties of a/ministratie a(thorities. The emhasis of A/ministratie Law is on roce/(res for formal a/3(/ication 'ase/ on
The a2
the
concet Power
rinciles
of
of
5at(ral
A/ministratie is
conferre/
Law
F(stice
is on
fo(n/e/ the
an/
on
for
the
r(le
ma)ing.
following
rinciles
a/ministration
'!
law
'2 5o ower is a'sol(te or (ncontrolle/ howsoeer 'roa/ the nat(re of the same might 'e. c2 There sho(l/ 'e reasona'le restrictions on eercise of s(ch owers /een/ing on the sit(ation.
Tho(gh a/ministratie law is as ol/ as a/ministration itself since the! cannot eist searatel!&in In/ia the earl! signseistence of a/ministratie law co(l/ 'e fo(n/ in the treatises written /(ring the reign of the Ma(r!as&6(tas&M(ghals as well as East In/ia +oman!1mo/ern a/ministratie
law2.
It is 'ase/ on the concet of r(le of law that s(orts 5at(ral F(stice 1to a/3(/icate 'ase/ on imartialit!&(n3(stness an/ the rescri'e/ laws an/ legal metho/s instea/ of ar'itrariness an/ a'(se of official ower on the art of got. while sering the eole an/ /eci/ing cases 'ro(ght 'efore its Tri'(nals&etc. 5at(ral 3(stice is 'asicall! alie/ in cases where there are no laws rescri'e/&here the in/ii/(al has to 'e gien an oort(nit! to 'e hear/ an/ the 3(/gement is to 'e ta)en into consi/eration the artic(lar facts an/ cases of the case an/ the 3(/gement sho(l/ 'e free from 'ias2. It is to reent iolation of eoleGs rights '! officials in ower.
A/ministratie law secifies the rights an/ lia'ilities of riate in/ii/(als in their /ealings with ('lic officials an/ also secifies the roce/(res '! which those rights an/ lia'ilities can 'e enforce/ '! those riate in/ii/(als. It roi/es acco(nta'ilit! an/ resonsi'ilit! in the a/ministratie f(nctioning. Also there are secifie/ laws an/ r(les an/ reg(lations that g(i/e
[6]
an/ /irect the internal a/ministration relations li)e hierarch!&/iision of la'o(r&etc.
S(&N(*(AN$+
It is er! significant 'eca(se if it /i/ not eist then the er! concet of haing a /emocrac! an/ a goernment to wor) for the eole wo(l/ 'e self /efeating 'eca(se then there wo(l/ 'e no resonsi'ilit! or acco(nta'ilit! of the ('lic officials to an!'o/! an/ the a/ministration wo(l/ r(n ar'itraril! th(s creating a h(ge monster that wo(l/ eat ( the er! s!stem. There wo(l/ 'e an (set in the 'alance in areas s(ch as olice law& international tra/e& man(fact(ring& enironmental&
taation&
'roa/casting&
immigration&
an/
transortation&etc.
'$AS"N *"' &'"#T.
"2 8ise in comleit! warrante/ han/ling of aria'le '! the state a(thorities in or/er to roi/e f(nctioning in that area with necessar! certaint! an/ rescritions. #2 In/(strial reol(tion that res(lte/ in the coming ( of cities an/ new t!es of economic transactions necessitate/ han/ling of affairs '! got in or/er to facilitate ro/(ction&s(l! an/ echange of ro/(cts an/ serices. <2 Technological inentions an/ the increasing secialiation has calle/ for the increase/ nee/ of secialise/ han/ling of affairs '! got officials. 42 To allow necessar! flei'ilit! in the a/ministratie s!stem so that the challenges arising /(e to social an/ economic factors co(l/ 'e a//resse/ more a/eH(atel! an/ efficientl!. ;2 To allow eerimentation in or/er to ens(re the alication of 'est fit mo/el in a gien circ(mstance =2 To allow articiation of eole in the a/ministratie f(nctioning to roi/e the necessar! a(thorit! to the a/ministratie officials so that the! can a//ress the challenges arising /(e to etraor/inar! circ(mstances or emergenc! sit(ations. [7]
%($- "N A%M(N(ST'AT(/$ LA#+
Dice! s(orte/ 8(le Of Law where eer!'o/! in a State eer!'o/! shall 'e s('3ecte/ to some common law an/ no official irresectie of his stat(s an/ a(thorit! shall 'e )et o(tsi/e the (riew of 8(le Of Law. Th(s&he re3ecte/ the i/ea of A/ministratie Law that was a)in to Droit A/ministratif or that which was 'eing ractise/ in rance an/ other E(roean co(ntries where there are seerate r(les for a/ministratie officials as he 'eliee/ that s(ch an arrangement wo(l/ lea/ to a eret(al ris) of ecessie alication of a(thorit! with eole haing no win/ow to their grieance re/ressal.
The reason for this is that while anal!sing the con cet of A/ministratie Law Dice! was alwa!s thin)ing of rench a/ministratie lawrights s!stemLe Droit A/manistratif that eiste/ (n/er 5aoleonGs BonaarteGs r(le.
Droit A/minstratif ractise/ the s!stem of a2 One r(le for reg(lating the 'ehaio(r of in/ii/(als of societ! an/ one r(le for reg(lating the mem'ers of State an/ a/ministration. '2 One co(rt for mem'ers an/ in/ii/(als of the societ! an/ their riate asects an/ another co(rt for mem'ers of State an/ a/ministration which is the a/ministratie +o(rtTri'(nals an/ the ae of this co(rt will 'e the +o(ncil DGEtat1er! small /iision of the co(ntr! in to a/ministratie /iisions that are smaller than een co(nties2. These are /istinct an/ not oerlaing neither are s(erior or inferior to each other. The! are eH(als. In case the! eer oerla then the final /ecision will 'e ta)en '! a secial co(rt constit(te/ for this (rose. This was /one so that a/ministratie an/ State officials hae more a( tonom! in /ealing with sit(ations an/ contingencies that arise in eec(tion of a /ministratie /(ties an/ which wo(l/ not 'e easil! (n/erstoo/ '! the normal law an/ co(rts.
[8]
Th(s&Dice! 'eliee/ that there sho(l/ not 'e s(ch a searation where there is one law that goerns the a/ministratie an/ olitical officials1 A/ministratie Law2 an/ one that goerns societ! an/ its eole1ciil an/ criminal law2 an/ a/o cate/ the r(le of law as realent in UJ where eer!'o/! was eH(al in the e!es of law an/ onl! one common law goerne/ each an/ eer! in/ii/(al. B(t&he was heail! criticise/ for this later as he /i/ not ta)e into acc o(nt that een the +rown in UJ was imm(ne from ciil an/ criminal rocee/ings&th(s&there was no r(le of law or eH(alit! here. Also he is criticise/ for not ta)ing into acco(nt the f(t(re iss(es that wo(l/ arrie in a/ministration /(e to mo/ernisation an/ co mleit! li)e /elegate/ legislation&etc. Delegate/ legislation was er! m(ch a art of UJ a/ministratie set( as well as the s!stem of a/ministratie a/3(/ication thro(gh tri'(nals that was contrar! to Dice!Gs r(le of law stating onl! one law ma)ing 'o/! which is the legislat(re an/ it 'eing alie/ eer!where (niersall! an/ interrete/ '! the 3(/icial co(rts as an/ when reH(ire/ for each an/ eer! one. So&therefore UJ was ractising a/ministratie law alrea/!. Mar also criticise/ Dice!Gs r(le of law concet '! sa!ing that it romotes ineH(alit! instea/ of eH(alit! 'eca(se if !o( treat (n/erriilege/ an/ oor eH(all! with rich then there is going to 'e a h(ge /isarit! that will onl! ean/ with time. Mo/ern /a! concet of r(le of law has 'een gien a er! 'roa/ meaning '! roi/ing oort(nities to (neH(al eole in or/er to eH(al themseles with the others li)e reseration&etc. Law is create/ '! the legislat(re or other legal instit(tions an/ is not to /ifferentiate '(t ena'le (neH(als to 'ecome eH(als an/ the last wor/ on the law wo(l/ 'e that of the In/een/ent 3(/iciar!.
[9]
+oncl(sion A/ministratie law is the '!e0ro/(ct of the growing socio0economic f(nctions of the State an/ the increase/ owers of the goernment. A/ministratie law has 'ecome er! necessar! in the /eeloe/ societ!& the relationshi of the a/ministratie a(thorities an/ the eole hae 'ecome er! comle. In or/er to reg(late these comle& relations& some law is necessar!& which ma! 'ring a'o(t reg(larit! certaint! an/ ma! chec) at the same time the mis(se of owers este/ in thea/ministration.
[10]
)i0lio1raphy+ www.Scri'/.com www.man(atra.com www.in/ian)anoon.com A/ministratie law 1S.8 M!neni2