Young and old Vocabulary 1
Life stages
Find the life stages in the wordsearch.
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4
baby child elderly teenager toddler middle-aged young adult Y E Y N R A M T
I
U
O K
E
D
B
A B
Y
I
L
U D M T O D D L
E R
N B O Z
K E
I
G Z U C H
D D S I
Answer the questions with your own ideas. ideas. Write complete sentences. ★★★
Which life stage do you think is the best? Why?
I loved being a young child. I could play all day day,, and there was no school. It was great! 1 What do you think are the advantages and disadvantages of being middle-aged?
L D V L
A U S G C A E X O D D
D
E
R
J
F
A
Y
S
2 What happens to elderly people in your country ? Do you think they have a good life?
E
U T E E N A G E R R L E R N B G E V E L T
2
T
F
A
E
C D G B
Y
3 At what age can you do these things in your country? Do you think it’s it ’s the right age? Why / Why not?
When do these things usually usually happen? Write the life stage. ★★
baby
cry a lot 1 stay at home after retiring 2 leave school 3 start school 4 learn to walk 5 go to university th
6 celebrate your 50 birthday
3
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Complete the sentences about life events. events.
I’m saving up to buy a house next year. 1 After his exams, he’s going to
to drive.
2 Most people married and children in their 20s and 30s. 3 My grandma 4 Henry is going to After that, he wants to company. 5 Does your brother 6 Most people early twenties.
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Unit 5
Young and old
from her job 20 years ago. to university. a job in a big a girlfriend? home when they’re in their
•
get married
•
leave school
•
retire
•
learn to drive
Extra vocabulary 5
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Complete the adverbs.
1 You’re late, but f
the train is still here.
2 My dad is French, so I speak the language f . 3 You’ll pass that test e
. It isn’t hard.
4 The sea is dangerous dangerous ifif you can’ can’tt swim p 5 My sister had swimming lessons for ages – e she learnt to swim.
.
Grammar
4
can , can’t , could ,
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you could do well when you were five years old.
couldn’t 1
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2
I was very good at running when I was five years old.
Match 1–5 to A–F.
I can’t
D
A come shopping tomorrow?
1 Can you
B swim before he had classes.
2 I couldn’t
C run this fast last year?
3 He couldn’t
D understand this map.
4 Could he
E can’t help you.
5 Sorry, but I
F drive until I was 19.
Look at the table of Juan’s abilities. Complete the sentences, questions and answers. Use can / can’t / could / couldn’t and add he when necessary. Now
In 2005
cook
✓
✗
drive
✓
✓
run 5 km
✗
✓
sing
✗
✗
swim
✓
✗
Consolidation 5
sing in the past, and he still sing at all!
2 ‘What do in 2005 that he do now?’ ‘Run 5 km.’ swim now?’ ‘Yes, he
4 ‘
drive in 2005?’ ‘Yes, he
.’ .’
5 ‘What do now that he do in 2005?’ ‘Now he cook and swim.’
3
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3 you could do when you were eight years old, but you can’t do now.
4 you couldn’t do when you were younger, and you still can’t do now.
He can cook now, but he couldn’t cook in 2005.
3 ‘
1 you can do now, but you couldn’t do five years ago.
2 you can do now, but your grandparents couldn’t do at your age.
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1 He
Write a sentence about something that ...
Choose the correct option.
1 ‘Could / Can Brian act when he was a teenager?’ ‘No, he can’t / couldn’t.’
Choose the correct option. Nelson Mandela was born in South Africa in 1918. His father died when Nelson was a nine-year-old B. A family friend looked after him, so he (1) get a proper education and become a lawyer. Before he was (2) , Mandela started fighting for equal rights for black people. The country had unfair laws. For example, black people (3) vote in elections. The government put Mandela in prison for 27 years. In the early 1990s, the laws changed, and black people (4) vote at last. Mandela was quite (5) when he became South Africa’s first black president in 1994. You (6) learn more about Mandela’s life in the film Long Walk to Freedom.
A toddler
B child
C adult
2 ‘Can I / I can help with the cooking?’ ‘Of course you can / couldn’t!’
1 A can
B can’t
C could
2 A middle-aged
B teenager
C toddler
3 ‘Could you / You could play chess last year?’ ‘No, I can’t / couldn’t.’
3 A can’t
B couldn’t
C could
4 A could
B can
C couldn’t
4 ‘Your brother is so clever! Can / Could he ride a bike now?’ ‘No, he can’t, but he could / can walk before his first birthday!’
5 A elderly
B retire
C middle
6 A to
B can
C can to
5 ‘Help me, please. I can / can’t open this box.’ ‘Sorry. I tried to do it before but I can’t / couldn’t.’
Young and old
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Vocabulary 1
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F
B a room
2 study
C someone
3 take up
D a new sport
4 help
E a healthy meal
5 spend
F a sleepover
6 share
G hard for an exam
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Answer the questions with your own ideas.
What do you spend most of your money on? Why?
I don’t spend much money on clothes because my parents buy them. I buy a lot of music, and I also spend a lot on seeing films. I do that with friends.
A money
1 cook
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4
Match 1–6 to A–G to make activities.
have
2
Verbs
1 Who do you prefer spending time with: your family or your friends? Why?
2 How do you make new friends?
Choose the correct option.
Mum says I can invite to / invite some friends over. 1 He’s doing / going really well at school. 2 If you’re bored, why not take up / out a new sport?
3 Do you prefer inviting friends over or going out? Why?
3 I share a room with / for my sister. 4 Don’t spend all of your money on / for clothes! 5 She finds it easy to know / make new friends. 6 How often do you spend time for / with your grandparents?
4 When was the last time you took up a new activity? Are you still doing it now?
7 If you’re tired, have a lie-in / sleepover until 11.00. 8 We went on a brilliant school trip / sport last week.
3
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Complete the definitions. 5 When do you feel worried?
Extra vocabulary 5
Complete the sentences with the opposites of the adjectives. ★★
enjoyable happy healthy important interesting tidy What a boring man! He spent all evening telling us long, uninteresting stories about himself. invite friends to stay the night at your house: have a sleepover 1 buy something: s
money on something.
2 be successful: d
w
3 send mobile phone messages to your friends: t your friends 4 get up late: h
a l
5 lie in the sun: s
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Young and old
1 Clean up your room! It’s so can’t see the floor in there! 2 Sara’s diet is really chips and chocolate. 3 You look a bit
that you . She eats a lot of today. What’s the matter?
4 The grades I get in my art class are only taking the class for fun.
. I’m
5 I was revising for exams on Saturday and Sunday. It was a very weekend!
Grammar
4
Comparative and superlative adverbs 1
★
Choose the correct option.
Think of three friends or family members. Write five sentences comparing their abilities using comparative and superlative adverbs. Use verbs from the box or your own ideas. ★★★
cook drive get up sing work write
Of all the members of the band, Mika sings the best / better. 1 Middle-aged people usually get up earlier / the earliest than teenagers.
laugh
play
run
My mum drives faster than my dad, but my dad cooks better.
2 You can speak English more fluently / the most fluently than me. 3 Which of your three brothers will leave home sooner / the soonest ? 4 A cheetah can run four times faster / the fastest than Usain Bolt. 5 Which team played worse / the worst in the league?
2
Complete the sentences with the correct comparative or superlative forms of the adverbs. ★★
Wait for me! I walk more slowly (slowly) than you. 1 Of all my friends, Joe talks 2 I always arrive
Consolidation 5
Choose the correct option.
(loudly). (early) than you.
3 My brother snowboards
(well) than me.
4 I can remember names numbers.
(easily) than
5 Of everyone in my class, I swim (badly).
3
Complete the sentences with the correct comparative or superlative adverb form of the adjectives. ★★
early
easy
fast
fluent
1 Jenny can’t run comes first.
happy
hard Lisa. Lisa always
2 Of all his friends, Joe speaks Spanish . He never makes a mistake. 3 My grandparents are people I know.
married
4 When you are young, you can learn new things when you are old. 5 I always arrive at school friend. 6 Joe studied marks.
my best so he got the best
A common generalization is that teenagers like to live most / more dangerously than adults. They take (1) up / out extreme sports, drive (2) faster / more fast than the speed limit and stay out (3) later / more lately than older people. Of course, not all teenagers are the same, and many think these kinds of activities are (4) unenjoyable / unhappy. But for some young adults, it seems, dangerous activities are (5) most interesting / more interesting than safe ones. Scientists say this is connected to (6) making / knowing new friends. During adolescence, the need to be safe is less (7) strong / stronger than the need to be part of a group. Personal safety becomes relatively (8) unimportant / unhealthy. As a result, teenagers (9) pass / spend their time and money doing things that their parents hate!
Young and old
Unit 5
43
Reading What’s the happiest age? Age 85
Age 18
D e c r e a s e i n h a p p in e s s
s s e i n p p a h in
e s a e r c I n
unhappiest point
1
Read the text. Tick (✓) the main idea in each paragraph. ★
A 1 Children have easier lives than adults. 2 People look for happiness in the past or in the future. B 1 You don’t need money to be happy. 2 Fifty-year-olds are often less happy than older and younger people.
A If you ask adults, they’ll usually say that childhood was the best time of their life. ‘I was certainly less tired and stressed,’ says Robert, 49. ‘Now I get up earlier and work harder.’ Teenagers often imagine being happier when they’re 30. Gemma, 14, says: ‘I’m not allowed to do anything and it’s frustrating. I want to leave school and get a good job so that I can spend money on the things I want.’ B We often think happiness comes from freedom, from money or from doing well professionally. But a study indicates that, in fact, teenagers and elderly people are the most cheerful age groups. And the least happy? Middle-aged adults. C ‘Teenagers think more positively about the future,’ explains the study’s author. ‘At 50, people have the most money, but that’s because they work the hardest – they can’t relax. Elderly people expect less. Perhaps they aren’t as rich as they used to be and could do things more easily in the past, but they live for today. That’s the real secret of happiness.’
3
Answer the questions in your own words. Write complete sentences. ★★★
According to paragraph A, how does age change people’s ideas about happiness?
Adults think they were happier as children, but teenagers think they’ll be happier as adults. 1 According to paragraph B, what three things do people think will make them happy?
C 1 Working hard makes us unhappy. 2 Living for today makes us happy.
2
Read the text again. Correct the bold words in the sentences using words from the text. ★★
Teenagers usually think that they were happier as children. Adults 1 Gemma wants to be free to decide how to spend her time.
2 What happens to people’s level of happiness between the ages of 18 and 50?
3 What is the advantage and disadvantage of being middle-aged, according to paragraph C?
2 People think that being successful academically will make them happy. 3 We generally think negatively about our future lives when we’re teenagers. 4 The study says that we are unhappiest at 85. 5 Elderly people live for the future.
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4 What does the study’s author believe is the way to be really happy?
Writing
A review (adverbs of degree) 1
3
At the beginning of the review, Jay … A gives his opinion about the places.
Look at Jay’s comments and read the dialogue. Choose the correct option.
B says why he is writing. C describes his town.
Space Sports Centre
1 Paragraph 1 doesn’t mention …
Location:
A where the places are.
Prices:
B the activities at the places.
Food:
C Jay’s opinions of the places.
(brilliant!)
Changing rooms:
2 Paragraph 2 mentions … each place.
(yuck!)
A the good and bad points of
Staff friendly?
2
Read the review again. Choose the correct option.
B only the advantages of
Ian
Is the new sports centre any good?
Jay
You mean Space? It’s OK. You can get there easily by bus, so the location is extremely / quite good.
Ian
And are the prices OK?
A facts only.
Jay
Well, (1) it isn’t very / it’s really cheap.
B opinions only.
But there’s lots to do.
C facts and opinions.
Ian
Oh. And can you eat there?
Jay
Yes, there’s a café. The food is (2) quite / extremely good.
Ian
Great! Are the people there nice?
Jay
Yes, they’re (3) really / extremely friendly. But there’s one bad thing – the changing rooms. They (4) aren’t very / are extremely dirty. They’re so bad that I’m going to write to the manager!
Read the review. Which place does Jay think is the best? 1 Today I’m reviewing local places: Space Sports Centre, Ali’s Skatepark and Raoul’s Café. At Space, you can do six sports and there’s a café. You can go skateboarding or mountain biking at Ali’s Skatepark, but you can’t eat there. Finally, at Raoul’s, you can eat and play computer games. 2 Space offers the most activities. In my opinion, the staff are really friendly, and the café ser ves wonderful food. It isn’t cheap, but it’s enjoyable. Ali’s is in the town centre, so you can get there most easily, but it’s quite old, and there isn’t a café. Raoul’s is the newest place and the most exciting. The food isn’t as good as at Space, but it closes later and the games are great.
C the people who work in 3 In paragraph 3, Jay’s star ratings are based on …
Writing task 4
Write a review comparing three places for young people in your town. Use the model text and the writing guide to help you. Writing guide Paragraph 1
Say which places you are comparing. Describe them and say what you can do there.
Paragraph 2
Compare the good and bad points of each place.
Paragraph 3
Write a conclusion. Give each place 1–5 stars.
Remember!
Use you can / can’t to talk about the facilities. Use comparatives and superlatives to compare the facilities and activities at the places. Use adverbs of degree to make your descriptions more interesting.
3 In conclusion, I think Raoul’s is the most interesting place. I’m giving it five stars. Space is fun, but it’s expensive, and the changing rooms are very dirty, so I’m giving it three stars. I’m giving Ali’s two stars. It’s OK, but the facilities are not as modern as they are at the other places.
Jay
Young and old
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Review
Unit 5
Self-evaluation Do the exercises and tick the boxes for your own evaluation. ★★
I know this well.
★
I know most of this.
! I could do this better.
Vocabulary
Grammar
Life stages
can, can’t, could, couldn’t; allow, be allowed to
1
Complete the words. In the UK, you can vote when you’re a young adult . 1 T
are a bit older than babies.
2 I want to r e
a long time before I become , so I can enjoy life!
3 I was a t
4
1 He was really fit – he easily. ( )
invite
make
spend
4 My mum said I night. ( )
take
How much money do you spend on music? 1 Do you want to watch your new DVD? 2 He 3 I 4 We
some friends over to
lots of new friends last year. up tennis last month.
6 He three. ( )
(play) tennis and he’s only
Complete each pair of sentences with allowed, was allowed, didn’t allow, weren’t allowed.
b) The class
1 Choose a job you like! It’s unimportant / unenjoyable how much money you earn. 3 There were hundreds of auditions / audiences to decide who could be in the show. 4 This computer doesn’t work properly / fortunately! ★
!
her to take
to play music.
3 a) Their mum them to stay up late because they needed to get up early in the morning.
2 I can run five km fluently / easily .
Young and old
(go) in here. It’s private
2 a) The teacher the class to play music because it was after their exam.
The five performances / finalists in the competition were all singers.
Unit 5
5 We property. ( )
b) The shop assistant photos of the dress.
Choose the correct option.
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5
(watch) TV last
1 a) The girl to take photos of the dress in the shop. She showed the photos to her sister.
a lie-in this morning.
Extra vocabulary 3
(wear)
3 The ice cream was enormous. I (finish) it. ( )
Complete the sentences. Use the correct forms of the verbs.
have
(run) 20 km
2 The school rules say that we jewellery. ( )
are born without teeth.
Verbs 2
Complete the sentences with the correct form of can and the bold verbs. This table is reserved, so you can’t sit (sit) here. ( ✗ )
when I learned to drive – just 17.
4 B
46
!! I need to study this again.
!!
b) They 4 a) We b) I
to stay up late. to go out. the boys to go out.
Comparative and superlative adverbs; less … than , the least ; (not) as … as 6
Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first. Use comparative/superlative adverbs, less … than, the least or (not ) as … as.
Cumulative review Units 1–5 8
Choose the correct option.
All the other cars go faster than this one. This is the least fast car. 1 Sam and I study hard but Sophie studies harder than us. Sophie studies
.
2 Rebecca swims well, but I don’t. I don’t swim
Rebecca.
3 The two restaurants are equally good. This restaurant is
that one.
4 I have a quieter voice than you. You talk
me.
5 I get up at 7.30 a.m. but Paula gets up at 6 a.m. Paula gets up than me. ★★
★
!
!!
Practical English Expressing opinions 7
Correct the underlined mistakes.
A Frank’s the best finalist in this competition. B You’ve absolutely right! He’s extremely good.
You’re 1 A Acting ability is just as important as singing in this competition. B That’s the good point. I didn’t think of that. 2 A I’m sure Juanita’s going to win! B I’m not agree. Her dancing is terrible! 3 A What do you think of the judges on this show? B To be honestly, I don’t think much of them. 4 A What you think of the band? B Not much.
★★
★
!
Pingping became famous as the shortest man in the world who A walk. When Pingping was born, doctors didn’t think he was going to (1) . As an adult, his height was just 74.5 cm – (2) a typical (3) . In the street, people were often (4) that Pingping (5) to smoke, because he looked (6) a child. Pingping travelled around the world, appearing on TV programmes. Some people can’t (7) media attention, but Pingping enjoyed the (8) of being famous. Sadly, he died (9) than expected, at the very young age of 21. But Pingping’s many fans (10) forget him and his positive, personality. (11)
A could
B can
C could to
1 A retire
B survive
C do well
2 A as tall as
B taller as
C as tall than
3 A middle-aged B toddler
C retired
4 A surprised
B energetic
C relaxed
5 A allowed
B was allowed C was allowing
6 A as
B how
C like
7 A mind
B stand
C prefer
8 A benefits
B solution
C fake
9 A early
B earlier
C earliest
10 A not going
B won’t
C won’t to
11 A miserable
B cheerful
C scared
!!
Young and old
Unit 5
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