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UNIVERSIDAD DE SAN MARTIN DE PORRES FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS DE LA COMUNICACIÓN, TURISMO Y PSICOLOGÍA ESCUELA PROFESIONAL DE PSICOLOGÍA
ESTILOS DE APRENDIZAJE
MONOGRAFÍA que como p!"e #e $ %&'("u! #e P%&co$o') E#uc"&*, p!e%e("( $o% $um(o%+ ALVAREZ ALVAREZ GAV GAVELAN, ELAN, Cm&$ CAREJOS SANC-EZ, .!&%"&( DEL AGUILA FELI/, Y!&"0 EGOAVIL VARGAS, VARGAS, M&1o$ M& 1o$ MORON ANC-ANTE, Fe!((#
Su!qu&$$o, 23 #e 4!&$ #e 5326
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INTRODUCCIÓN
De7&(&! e$ co(%"!uc"o e%"&$o% #e p!e(#&08e e% "!e e%e(c&$ p! #e$&m&"! $% 9!e% que 4!c : %o4!e "o#o %u% p$&cc&o(e%; Lo% p%&c<$o'o% e#uc"&*o% #e7&(e( $o% e%"&$o% #e p!e(#&08e como $% 7o!m% p!"&cu$!e% #e compo!"!%e #e c# pe!%o( e( e$ p!oce%o #e p!e(#e!; A$ mome("o #e #e%!!o$$! $ mo(o'!7) =emo% "e(&#o e( cue(" #o% cp)"u$o%, e( e$ p!&me! cp)"u$o "&"u$#o A%pec"o% 'e(e!$e%, 4o!#!emo% pu("o% como ("ece#e("e% : #e7&(&c&<( #e $o% e%"&$o% #e p!e(#&08e; Po! o"!o $#o e( e$ %e'u(#o cp)"u$o "&"u$#o E%"&$o% #e p!e(#&08e, p!e%e("!emo% $ c$%&7&cc&<( #e e%"o%; A$ 7&($&0! e$ %&'u&e("e "!48o po#!9 e(co("!! $% co(c$u%&o(e% $% que =emo% $$e'#o; E%pe!mo% po#e! mp$&! %u co(oc&m&e("o %o4!e $o% e%"&$o% #e p!e(#&08e : que u%"e# pue# p!o7u(#&0! m9% ce!c #e$ "em;
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Capítulo I
ASPECTOS GENERALES
1.1 Antecedentes.>CPo! qu@ u( m&%mo m@"o#o #e e%"u#&o pue#e %e! u( 7!c%o p! $'u(o% : u( m@"o#o ece$e("e p! o"!o%? >Po! qu@ e$ !e(#&m&e("o #e u(o% ume(" cu(#o =ce( "!48o e( equ&po m&e("!% o"!o% (ece%&"( #e %&$e(c&o : "!48o &(#&*&#u$ p! !e(#&!? So( %o$o $'u(% #e $% p!e'u("% que o!&'&(!o( e$ e%"u#&o #e $o% e%"&$o% #e p!e(#&08e%; Lo% e%"&$o% #e p!e(#&08e% Bo e%"&$o% co'(&"&*o% "&e(e( %u% ("ece#e("e% e"&mo$<'&co% e( e$ cmpo #e $ p%&co$o'), como co(cep"o 7ue u"&$&0#o #e%#e $o% o% 63 po! $o% $$m#o% p%&c<$o'o% co'(&"&*&%"%; P!o("o
e%"e
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pe#'o'o%, : p! #&c= @poc %e e(co("!4( *!&o% mo*&m&e("o% #e !e7o!m% cu!!&cu$!e% que !e%c"4( $ $um(o como po$o c"&*o #e$ p!oce%o e(%e(0p!e(#&08e;
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Po! o"!o $#o, $o% p%&c<$o'o% e#uc"&*o% e( $u'! #e e%"&$o co'(&"&*o =( p!e7e!&#o u%! e$ "@!m&(o e%"&$o% #e p!e(#&08e po! que !e7$e8 me8o! e$ c!9c"e! mu$"&#&me(%&o($ #e$ p!oce%o #e #qu&%&c&<( #e co(oc&m&e("o% e e$ co("e"o e%co$!;
1.2. Defnc!n.Lo% e%"&$o% #e p!e(#&08e %o( $o% m@"o#o% o co(8u("o% #e e%"!"e'&% que u"&$&0mo% cu(#o que!emo% p!e(#e! $'o; Au(que $% e%"!"e'&% co(c!e"% que u"&$&0mo% *!)( %e'H( $o que que!mo% p!e(#e!, C# u(o #e (o%o"!o% "&e(#e #e%!!o$$! u(% p!e7e!e(c&% '$o4$e%; E%% p!e7e!e(c&% o "e(#e(c&% u"&$&0! m9% u(% #e"e!m&(#% m(e!% #e p!e(#e! que o"!% co(%"&"u:e( (ue%"!o e%"&$o #e p!e(#&08e; Lo% e%"&$o% #e p!e(#&08e %o( e$ co(8u("o #e c!c"e!)%"&c% p%&co$<'&c%+ !%'o% co'(&"&*o%, 7ec"&*o% : 7&%&o$<'&co%; Lo% !%'o% co'(&"&*o% "&e(e( que *e! co( $ 7o!m e( que $o% e%"u#&("e% e%"!uc"u!( $o% co("e(&#o%, u"&$&0( e &("e!p!e" $ &(7o!mc&<(, %e$ecc&o(( me#&o #e !ep!e%e("c&<( B*&%u$, u#&"&*o, 1&(e%"@%&co; Lo% !%'o% 7ec"&*o% %o( $% mo"&*c&o(e% : epec""&* que &(7$u:e( e( e$ p!e(#&08e; Po! u$"&mo, $o% !%'o% 7&%&o$<'&co% %o( $o% !e$c&o(#o% co( e$ 4&o"&po : 4&o!!&"mo #e$ e%"u#&("e; E$ co(cep"o #e $o% e%"&$o% #e p!e(#&08e e%" #&!ec"me("e !e$c&o(#o co( $ co(cepc&<( #e p!e(#&08e como u(
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p!oce%o #e e$4o!c&<( #e $ &(7o!mc&<( !ec&4&# po! p!"e #e$ !ecep"o!, e% #ec&! c# u(o #e $o% e%"u#&("e% e$4o!!9 : !e$c&o(!9 $o% #"o% !ec&4&#o% e( 7u(c&<( #e %u% p!op&% c!c"e!)%"&c%;
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Captulo II ESTILOS DE APRENDI"A#E
2.1. Clasfcac!n. Au(que =: muc=% c$%&7&cc&o(e%, u( #e $% que m9% %e u"&$&0( e% $ #e -o(e: : Mum7o!# B25 que $o% '!up e( cu"!o e%"&$o%+
A. Act$o.So( pe!%o(% que 4u%c( epe!&e(c&% (ue*%, $$e'9(#o%e &(*o$uc!! #e m(e! "o"$ : %&( p!e8u&c&o%; No %o( e%c@p"&co%, "om( muc= &(7o!mc&<( : come"e( co( e("u%&%mo $% "!e% (ue*%; D&%7!u"( e$ mome("o : %e #e8( $$e*! po! $o% co("ec&m&e("o%; T&e(#e( c"u! p!&me!o : $ue'o pe(%! e( $% co(%ecue(c&%, %u% #)% $o% $$e(( #e c"&*&##e% : pe(% #&%m&(u: e$ 'u%"o po! u( #e e$$% come(0!( o"!; Le% 4u!!e ocup!%e #e p$(e% $!'o p$0o : co(%o$&#! $o% p!o:ec"o%; Le% 'u%" "!48! !o#e#o% #e 'e("e pe!o %&e(#o e$$o% e$ ce("!o #e "e(c&<(; Ap!e(#e( po! epe!&e(c& co(c!e"; Su o48e"&*o e% $ pe!cepc&<(; V&*e( e$ qu) : e$ =o!; C!c"e!)%"&c% p!&(c&p$e%+ (&m#o!, &mp!o*&%#o!, #e%cu4!&#o!, !!&e%'#o, e%po("9(eo; L p!e'u(" que qu&e!e( !e%po(#e! co( e$ p!e(#&08e e% >C
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• • • • • • • • •
Cu(#o =: emoc&<(, #!m : c!&%&%; Compe"&! e( equ&po Ge(e!! &#e% %&( $&m&"c&o(e% 7o!m$e% o #e e%"!uc"u! Re%o$*e! p!o4$em% A4o!#! que=ce!e% mH$"&p$e% Rep!e%e("! !o$e% Acp!! $ "e(c&<( D&!&'&! #e4"e%, !eu(&o(e% I("e!*e(&! c"&*me("e
El ap%end)a'e %esulta%* &*s dfícl a estos alu&nos cuando ten+an ,ue( •
• • • • • • •
• • •
Epo(e! "em% co( muc= c!' "e
P!e'u(" c$*e p! $o% c"&*o% >Ap!e(#e!@ $'o (ue*o, e% #ec&!, $'o que (o %4) o (o po#) =ce! ("e%? >-4!9 u( mp$& *!&e## #e c"&*&##e%? >Se cep"!9 que &("e("e $'o (ue*o, come" e!!o!e%, me #&*&e!"?
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>E(co("!!@ $'u(o% p!o4$em% : #&7&cu$"#e% que %&'(&7&que( u( !e"o p! m)? >-4!9 o"!% pe!%o(% #e me("$&## %eme8(#o $ m) co( $% que pue# #&$o'!?
. Refle$o.Se'H( -o(e: Mum7o!# 7&!m( que $o% !e7$e&*o% %o( pe!%o(% "e("%, cu&##o%%, me"<#&c% : que po%ee( u( mu: 4ue( cpc&## p! e%cuc=! : %&m&$! &(7o!mc&<(, %&( em4!'o e( cu("o %u p!e(#&08e $e% cue%" p!"&c&p! #&!ec"me("e, %o( $e("o% p! !e%o$*e! p!o4$em% o "om! #ec&%&o(e% #e &mpo!"(c&, "&e(#e( (o %um&! !&e%'o po! %u cu"e$ ece%&*; Se co(%&#e! que $ !e7$e&<( %e ("epo(e $ cc&<( : o4%e!* co( #e"e(&m&e("o $% #&%"&("% epe!&e(c&% p!e*&%; Se "om 4%"("e
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po%"u! #e u( o4%e!*#o! que ($&0 %u% epe!&e(c&% #e%#e muc=% pe!%pec"&*% #&%"&("%; C!c"e!)%"&c% p!&(c&p$e%+ Po(#e!#o, co(c&e(0u#o, !ecep"&*o, ($)"&co : e=u%"&*o; Los alu&nos %efle$os ap%enden &e'o%( K Cu(#o pue#e( #op"! $ po%"u! #e$ o4%e!*#o!; K Cu(#o pue#e( o7!ece! o4%e!*c&o(e% : ($&0! $ %&"uc&<(; K Cu(#o pue#e( pe(%! ("e% #e c"u!; Les cuesta &*s ap%ende%( K Cu(#o %e $e% 7ue!0 co(*e!"&!%e e( e$ ce("!o #e $ "e(c&<(; K Cu(#o %e $e% p!e%u! #e u( c"&*&## o"!; K Cu(#o "&e(e( que c"u! %&( po#e! p$(&7&c! p!e*&me("e;
C. Te!%co.Lo% "e
"&e(#e( pe(%! #e"e(&# :
$<'&cme("e %o4!e $% %&"uc&o(e%; P!e7&e!e( "!48! #e("!o #e u( %&%"em o mo#e$o #e"e!m&(#o; No pe!m&"e( que %u% emoc&o(e% 7ec"e( $% co(c$u%&o(e% que =ce( cu(#o p!e(#e(, : e( *e0 #e e%o, cue%"&o(( "o#o; No =ce( %upo%&c&o(e% %&( ("e% !e$&0! &(*e%"&'c&o(e% : (9$&%&% 7o(#o; %( %u p!e(#&08e e( co(cep"o% e%"4$ec&#o%, "eo!)% : m@"o#o%; Lo% "e
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Me"<#&co+ Se !e7&e!e $ pe!%o( que %&'ue u( !u"&( e( %u
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co(#uc"; L<'&co+ Se! u( pe!%o( co=e!e("e O48e"&*o+ E% cu(#o u(o (o "&e(e e( cue(" 8u&c&o%
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pe!%o($e% p! $(0! u( op&(&<( o $'o %); C!)"&co+ E% u( p!oce%o me#&("e e$ cu$ %e u% u( e$ co(oc&m&e("o : $ &("e$&'e(c& p! $$e'! #e 7o!m e7ec"&*
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$ po%&c&<( m% !0o(4$e : 8u%"&7&c# po! u( "em; E%"!uc"u!#o+ Se !e7&e!e que $ pe!%o( e% mu: !)'&# : 7&!me e( %u% 7o!m% qu&09% e( ece%o;
Estos alu&nos ap%enden &e'o%( A p!"&! #e mo#e$o% "eo!)% que p!e%e("e( u( #e%7)o Cu(#o "&e(e( opo!"u(&## #e &(#'! : p!e'u("!; •
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D. P%a+&*tco.E$ pu("o 7ue!"e #e $% pe!%o(% co( p!e#om&((c& e( e$ e%"&$o p!'m9"&co e% $ p$&cc&<( p!9c"&c #e $% &#e%; De%cu4!e( e$ %pec"o po%&"&*o #e $% (ue*% &#e% : p!o*ec=( $ p!&me! opo!"u(&## p! epe!&me("!$%; Le% 'u%" c"u! !9p&#me("e : co( %e'u!&## e( que$$% &#e% : p!o:ec"o% que $e% "!e(; T&e(#e( %e! &mpc&e("e% cu(#o =: pe!%o(% que "eo!&0(;; P&%( $ "&e!! cu(#o =: que "om! u( #ec&%&<( o !e%o$*e! u(
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p!o4$em; Su 7&$o%o7) e%+ %&emp!e %e pue#e =ce! me8o!, %& 7u(c&o( e% 4ue(o; C!c"e!)%"&c% p!&(c&p$e%+ epe!&me("#o!, p!9c"&co, #&!ec"o, e7&c0, !e$&%"; E%"e e%"&$o %e # co( u( po!ce("8e m9% $"o e("!e $o% e%"u#&("e% #e c!!e!% "@c(&c% BI('e(&e!)%, I(7o!m9"&c que e("!e $o% !e%"("e% '!upo%; Las pe%sonas con p%efe%enca alta o &u/ alta en estlo
p%a+&*tco ap%ende%*n &e'o% cuando puedan( Ap!e(#e! "@c(&c% p! =ce! $% co%% co( *e("8% •
• • • • •
p!9c"&c% e*&#e("e%; O4%e!*! u( mo#e$o $ que pue#( emu$!; A#qu&!&! "@c(&c% &(me#&"me("e p$&c4$e% %u "!48o; Ap$&c! &(me#&"me("e $o p!e(#&#o, epe!&me("!; E$4o!! p$(e% #e cc&<( co( u( !e%u$"#o e*&#e("e; Epe!&me("! : p!c"&c! "@c(&c% co( %e%o!m&e("o e
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&(7o!mc&<( #e !e"o!(o #e $'u&e( epe!"o; Ve! u( (eo e*&#e("e e("!e e$ "em "!"#o : u( p!o4$em u
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opo!"u(&## que %e p!e%e(" p! p$&c!$o; Ve! $ #emo%"!c&<( #e u( "em c!'o #e $'u&e( que "&e(e
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u( u"o!&## !eco(oc&# e( $ m"e!&; Co(oce! muc=o% e8emp$o% o (@c#o"%; Ve! pe$)cu$% o *)#eo% que mue%"!( c
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co%%; Co(ce("!!%e e( cue%"&o(e% p!9c"&c%; Comp!o4! que $ c"&*&## #e p!e(#&08e "&e(e u( *$&#e0
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CONCL0SIONES
2;
De $ m&%m m(e! que (o e&%"e( pe!%o($&##e% pu!%, (o e&%"e( e%"&$o% #e p!e(#&08e pu!o% "o#% $% pe!%o(% u"&$&0( #&7e!e("e% e%"&$o% #e p!e(#&08e u(que u(o #e e$$o% %ue$e %e!
p!e#om&(("e; 5; Lo% e%"&$o% #e p!e(#&08e %o( !e$"&*me("e e%"4$e%, e% #ec&!, e( $'u(% oc%&o(e% pue#e( cm4&!; ; C# e%"&$o% e% (eu"!o, e% #ec&!, (&('u(o e% me8o! o po! que o"!o; ; Lo% p!o7e%o!e% #e4e( p!omo*e! que $o% e%"u#&("e% %e( co(%c&e("e% #e %u% e%"&$o% #e p!e(#&08e p!e#om&(("e%; 6; A%) "m4&@(, $o% p!o7e%o!e% #e4e( $e("! que %u% $um(o% mp$)e( : !e7ue!ce( %u% e%"&$o% #e p!e(#&08e;
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ILIOGRAIA
Ap!e(#&08e u"<(omo, Recupe!#o e$ 3Q #e 4!&$ #e 5326 #e $ p9'&(
e4+
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Me"o#o$o')% Doce("e% B533 Estilos de aprendizaje ; Recupe!#o e$
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V&%&<( U(&*e!%&"!&; Ve!$ee &$$&m%, L&(#, Ap!e(#e! co( "o#o e$ ce!e4!o, E#; M!")(e0 Roc, E%p, 26;
NDICE
N #e p9'&( PORTADA
I
INTRODUCCIÓN
II
CAPITULO I; ASPECTOS GENERALES
2;2;
A("ece#e("e%
2;5;
De7&(&c&<(
CAPITULLO II; ESTILOS DE APRENDIZAJE
[
5;2; C$%&7&cc&<(
[
A; Ac"&*o
[
; Re7$e&*o
Q
15
C; Te
23
D; P!'m9"&co
22
CONCLUSIONES
2
ILIOGRAFÍA
26
