Display Device Training p y g ‐ LCD & LED
Beginner Level
What do you know about LCD ? What do you know about LCD ? • • • • • • • •
LCD TV LCD TV LED TV CCFL HCFL SD HD Full HD Backlight g
• • • • • • • •
Contrast Ratio Contrast Ratio Response Time Motion Flow Motion Flow HDMI CEC HDCP DLNA Hotel Mode
LCD & LED TV LCD & LED TV • What is LCD ? at s C ? – Liquid Crystal Display
• What is LCD TV? – Is a Display Device that using Liquid Crystal Display technology with florescent lamp as a light source to display picture instead of using Cathode Ray Tube display picture instead of using Cathode Ray Tube technology.
• What is LED TV? What is LED TV? – Is a Display Device that using Liquid Crystal Display technology with LED as a light source to display picture instead of using Cathode Ray Tube technology. i t i t d f i C th d R T b t h l
LCD Construction LCD Construction Panel Module
Backlight
Backlight • CCFL CC
• HCFL
• LED – White – RGB
CCFL Backlight CCFL Backlight • What is CCFL? – Cold Cathode Florescent Lamp – Is a lighting system that uses two phenomena: • electron discharge & fluorescence.
• CCFL CCFL backlights have very good performance backlights have very good performance properties which include: – – – – – – –
good luminous intensity, high density (compact and light weight), good color reproduction/uniformity, vibration/impact resistance vibration/impact resistance, durability, quick start at low temperature, long lifetime and high efficiency
CCFL Backlight CCFL Backlight • How it works? – A CCFL lamp is constructed from a sealed glass tube with an electrode on each end. – The inside surface of the tube is coated with a phosphor material and filled with inert gases such as argon (Ar) and neon (Ne) mixed with a slight amount (approx. 4mg Hg per lamp) of mercury vapor (Hg). – When a high voltage is applied to the electrodes, the gas is ionized allowing When a high voltage is applied to the electrodes the gas is ionized allowing the electrical current to flow. – When ionized, the gas emits ultraviolet light that is converted to visible light as it strikes the phosphor coating on the inside surface of the bulb. – The color of the visible light depends on the type of the gas and phosphor used. The figure depicts the construction of the CCFL bulb.
CCFL vs Fluorescent lamps CCFL vs Fluorescent lamps • Fluorescent lamps and cold cathode fluorescent lamps have extremely similar constructions, but they use different types of electron discharge. • Fluorescent lamps discharge electrons through a material g called an emitter by heating electrodes, while CCFLs discharge electrons without g heating by using electrode. • This is due to the construction of each lamp'ss construction of each lamp electrode
• What is HCFL?
HCFL Backlight HCFL Backlight
– Hot Cathode Florescent Lamp
• Utili Utilizes internal filaments that must be heated by an i t l fil t th t tb h t db external current prior to lighting by a ballast device, similar to the common fluorescent light used in the home. • In this device, a gaseous mixture flows between two tungsten electrodes or filaments.
Main differences between CCFL & HCFL Main differences between CCFL & HCFL Cold cathode fluorescent lamps
Hot cathode fluorescent lamps
Lamp diameter
1.8 to 5.0 mm
15 to 32 mm
Starting voltage
High
Low
Tube current
Low
High
Luminous flux Luminous flux
Low
High
Luminous efficacy
Low
High
Lifetime
up to 60,000 hours
3,000 to 15,000 hours
Tube can be made thinner
Highly efficient
Longer lifetime
Greater volume of light
Strong points Strong points
LED Backlight LED Backlight • There are 2 type of LED backlight – Edge LED : Normally use white LED as LED source g y – Full Array LED : Can be RGB LED or white LED
• RGB LED backlights – Demand color mixing technology in order to overcome unevenness of luminance. – Color mixing has significantly improved with an g g y p increased understanding of the design and function of direct backlight concept
• White LED backlights White LED backlights – relatively low power consumption and – high NTSC gamut
NTSC Color Gamut NTSC Color Gamut • Color gamut is the range of color a display can reproduce and is commonly expressed as a percentage of NTSC. • Although NTSC stands for National Television System Committee Television System Committee, which developed television standards for North America, in this instance, 100% of NTSC refers to the full range of color h f ll f l that can h theoretically be displayed. • CRTs is about 70% of NTSC. A display that can combine both high display that can combine both high luminance and a high‐percentage color gamut should provide the best image‐ reproduction capability. bili
LCD & LED TV ‐ type LCD & LED TV • There are 2 type of LCD & LED TV There are 2 type of LCD & LED TV – HD – Full HD Full HD
• What is the different of each type? – Native resolution – HD : 1366 x 768 – Full HD : 1920 x 1080
Contrast Ratio Contrast Ratio • What is Contrast Ratio? What is Contrast Ratio? – is the difference between light (white color) and dark (black color) on a screen, expressed by a number.
• What is Dynamic Contrast Ratio? What is Dynamic Contrast Ratio? – The ability of automatically change ( ) the darkest color (black) to minimum in order to create the real darker image on screen
SD vs HD vs Full HD SD vs HD vs Full HD • What is SD ? What is SD ? – Standard Definition – Frame size of 480 or 576 Frame size of 480 or 576
• What is HD ? – High Definition – Frame size of 1280 x 720
• What is Full HD ? – High Definition – Frame size of 1920 x 1080
Response Time Response Time • What is Response Time? – Is a time required for Liquid Crystal to switch from ON to OFF or OFF to ON
• Which is better? Higher or Lower? Which is better? Higher or Lower? – Lower
• What is the effect if the response time is too higher? What is the effect if the response time is too higher? – Picture will become blur during movement scene
• During During introduction of LCD technology, why there are no blur effect introduction of LCD technology, why there are no blur effect to LCD TV that sold at store? – Because all the LCD manufacture manage to process the image until it complete before display to screen – This will cause picture lagging
Motion Flow Motion Flow • What is Motion Flow? What is Motion Flow? – is a technic to create a smoother images by inserting new frames between standard frames inserting new frames between standard frames.
• What is the purpose of Motion Flow – To improve picture quality and clarity in fast To improve picture quality and clarity in fast moving scenes – In order to reduce motion blur and picture In order to reduce motion blur and picture lagging.
Motion Flow Terminology Motion Flow Terminology • JVC calls their 100 Hz + technology "Clear Motion Drive" and "Clear Motion Drive II 100/120HZ". / • LG calls their 100 Hz + technology "TruMotion". • Mitsubishi calls their 100 Hz + technology "Smooth120Hz". • Samsung Samsung calls their 100 calls their 100 Hz + technology AMP Hz + technology AMP "Auto Auto Motion Motion Plus“ and “Motion Rate” • Sony calls their 100 Sony calls their 100 Hz Hz + technology technology "Motionflow". Motionflow . • Toshiba calls their 100 Hz + technology "Clear Frame".
HDMI & CEC HDMI & CEC • What is HDMI ? What is HDMI ? – High‐Definition Multimedia Interface – is a compact audio/video interface for is a compact audio/video interface for transmitting uncompressed digital data
What is HDMI Cable ? Video cable : To carry composite video signal. Be able to support video display resolution signal up to 480p
DVD cable bl : To T carry YUV signal. i l Contain 3 video cable. Every cable carry Y signal, R-Y signal and B-Y signal pp video display p y resolution signal g up p Be able to support to 1080i
HDMI cable : Be able to carry all type of video & audio signal. Be able to support video display resolution signal up to 1080p (Offer better detail and high picture quality)
What is advantage of HDMI •
Q lit Quality: – Because HDMI is a digital interface, it provides the best quality of the video since there are no loss analogue to digital conversions as are required for all analogue connections (such as component or S-video). Th difference The diff iis especially i ll noticeable ti bl att hi higher h resolutions l ti such h as 1080p.
•
Ease-of-use: – HDMI combines video and multi-channel audio into a single cable,
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Intelligence: – HDMI supports two two-way way communication between the video source (such as a DVD player) and the DTV, – enabling new functionality such as automatic configuration and onetouch play.
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HD Content-Ready: – HDMI devices supporting HDCP have the comfort of knowing they will have access to premium HD content now and in the future.
HDMI with CEC What is CEC ?
CEC : Customer Electronics Control Consumer Electronics Control channel The channel: Uses the industry standard AV LINK protocol Used for remote control functions. One One-wire . wire bidirectional serial bus. bus This feature is used in two ways: To allow the user to command and control multiple CEC-enabled boxes with one remote control. To allow individual CEC-enabled boxes to command and control each other without user intervention. intervention
Back Ground of CEC 1 remote can control everything
Too many remote
CEC is a feature that enables connected devices to control each other over one wire. HDMI CEC is a upgraded version of HDMI software that capable of controlling multiple HDMI devices
HDMI with CEC CEC
Pin 1 TMDS Data2 Pin 2 TMDS Data2 Shield Pin 3 TMDS Data2 Pin 4 TMDS Data1 Pin 5 TMDS Data1 Shield Pin 6 TMDS Data1 Pin 7 TMDS Data0 Pin 8 TMDS Data0 Shield Pin 9 TMDS Data0 Pin 10 TMDS Clock Pin 11 TMDS Clock Shield Pin 12 TMDS Clock Pin 13 CEC Pin 14 Reserved (N.C. on device) Pin 15 SCL Pin 16 SDA Pin 17 DDC/CEC Ground Pin 18 +5 V Power Pin 19 Hot Plug Detect
HDMI with CEC Does other manufactures support this CEC features? ■ All of the major TV makers support it, but they all call it something different.
SAMSUNG Anynet+ A t+ TOSHIBA CE-Link PANASONIC EZ-Link SONY BRAVIA Sync LG SimpleLink
HDMI with CEC HDMI contains basic and enhanced features. All the features added since version 1.1 are optional. Th f Therefore a higher hi h version i d does NOT necessarily il mean enhanced features.
HDMI with CEC
CEC Features One Touch Play When the user starts p playback y with DVD/HDD recorder or DVD player which is connected to TV, TV powers on if powered off and changes the external input for the active device. All Off When TV is powered off, AV amp, DVD/HDD recorder or DVD player, which are connected to TV, are power off correspondingly.
Synchronized operation with AV amp When AV amp is used, TV Speaker will OFF and, sound only coming from AV amp and keys and < Mute > key works for AV amp.
HDCP – High-Bandwidth Digital Content Protection
-HDCP is a form of digital rights management developed by Intel to control digital audio and video content as it travels across DVI or HDMI connections. -HDCP is proprietary and an implementation of HDCP requires a license. -In addition to paying fees, licensees agree to limit the capabilities of their products. High-definition digital video content is restricted to DVD quality on non non-HDCP HDCP video outputs outputs. DVD DVD-Audio Audio content is restricted to DAT quality on non-HDCP digital audio outputs (analog audio outputs have no quality limits).
HDCP – High-Bandwidth Digital Content Protection -Licensees cannot allow their devices to make copies off content, and must design their products to “effectively frustrate attempts to defeat the content protection requirements.” -HDCP’s main target is to prevent transmission of non-encrypted high definition content. 3 systems were developed to achieve that goal: 1. Authentication process disallows non-genuine devices to receive HD content. 2. Encryption of the actual data sent over DVI or HDMI prevent dropping of info. 3 Key revocation procedures ensures violation of license 3. agreement easily been blocked from receiving HD data.
DLNA – Digital Living Network Alliance - DLNA is an alliance of leading companies in the consumer electronics, mobile and personal computer industries. g the companies p and have industry y standards, - It aim is to align which will allow products from all companies to be compatible with each other and to enable a network of electronic devices in the home. - In this way, consumers will be able to enjoy digital living easily and seamlessly. Companies, under the alliance will still be able to innovate and differentiate their own products. - Some of the industry’s leaders, including Motorola, Philips, Samsung, Matsushita, Hewlett-Packard, Sony, Microsoft, Intel and Nokia, Nokia have joined the alliance alliance. It is still in its early stages stages, however DLNA certification is available now.
DLNA – Digital Living Network Alliance
General Info on LCD TV General Info on LCD TV • Handling • Life time • Comparison screen size (CRT vs LCD) C i i (C C )
Note : LCD6 : KDL‐40EX520
Video Resolution Video Resolution • What is Video Resolution ? – usually used to mean pixel dimensions, the number of pixels in each dimension (e.g., 1366 x 768) – Compare to CRT TV, LCD have fix native pixel. p , p – If LCD display low resolution picture or video, it will automatically zoom the image or video to full fill the panel size. – And this will cause bad impact to picture quality.
• Video resolution for TV – – – –
480i or 480p 480i or 480p 576i or 576p 720i or 720p 1080i or 1080p
Video Resolution Video Resolution
