MODEL PROJECT REPORT for Broiler Farming on Contract system system
PROJECT REPORT FOR ESTABLISHMENT OF 9,000 COMMERCIAL COMMERCI AL BROILERS BROILER S PER CYCLE IN DEEP LITTER SYSTEM OF HOUSING (ALL (A LL IN ALL OUT SYSTEM )
CHAPTER – I HIGHLIGHTS OF THE PROJECT REPORT
A: ABOUT THE PROMOTER Name Name of the the Entrep Entrepren reneur eur : Stalwarz International Co. Limited Address
: .....................................
Contact No.
: .....................................
Date of Birth
: ....................................
Educat Educatio ional nal Qualific Qualificati ation on
: ...... ......... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ..
Experience
: .. ..................................
B: PROJECT PROFILE 1. Name of the Establishment Establishment
: Poltr! Farm"
2. Proect !ocation
: ".....................
1. #$pes of Birds
: Poultr$ %Broiler&
2. Name of Contract Contract 'arm 'armin( in( Compan$ Compan$ : )en*ate )en*atesh+a sh+ara ra ,atcharie ,atcharies s !imited !imited -. nit "i/e
: 0 Birds
. Product
: Birds3 4anure etc.
5. Cost of the Proect
:
6. Ban* !oan
:
7. 4ar(in 4one$
:
8. 'inancial 9ndicators BC at 15; D'
:
NP< 15; D' %s&
:
9 %;&
:
D"C
:
0. 9nterest ate
: 12
1.epa$ment 1.epa$ment
: 6 $ears
CHAPTER # II
I$TRO%UCTIO$ Poult Po ultr$ r$ farmin farmin( ( is an import important ant source source of subsid subsidiar iar$ $ incom income e to small small = mar(inal farmers and a(ricultural laborers. #he manure from birds pro>ides a (ood source of or(anic matter for impro>in( soil fertilit$ and crop $ields. "ince a(riculture is mostl$ seasonal3 there is possibilit$ of findin( emplo$ment throu(hou throu(houtt the $ear for man$ persons persons throu(h throu(h poultr$ farmin(.
als to lift the produce. #o ta*e care of the health ha/ards3 ade?uate >eterinar$ aid facilities are a>ailable in the nearb$ to+n throu(h the "tate Animal ,usbandr$ Department dispensar$. OBJECTI&E #o meet the (ro+in( demand of Broilers3 9 intended to establish a Broiler farm initiall$ +ith Broilers +hich +ill be reared on deep litter s$stem = ca(es. All inputs re?uire for rearin( of birds are pro>ided b$ contract farmin( compan$. After rearin( all birds are mar*eted to the compan$ on contract basis. LOCATIO$ #he proposed unit +ill be located on a piece of land +hich is almost le>eled and is +ell connected to approach road3 Electricit$ is a>ailable near the farm site. A tube +ell +ith electric motor pump set is alread$ existin( in this land and this +ater +ill be used for proposed poultr$ farm and ade?uate +ater of (ood ?ualit$ is a>ailable in this tube +ell. HOUSI$' Pro>ision has been made for the construction of a brooder cum (ro+er house measurin( at a rate of 1 s?uare feet per bird3 Besides it3 farm +ill ha>e a small store room and ser>ants ?uarter. Construction of house +ill be puc*a +ith asbestos roofin(. #he la$in( of pipeline for suppl$ of ade?uate +ater suppl$ is also be done.
E(UIPME$T
CHAPTER # II
I$TRO%UCTIO$ Poult Po ultr$ r$ farmin farmin( ( is an import important ant source source of subsid subsidiar iar$ $ incom income e to small small = mar(inal farmers and a(ricultural laborers. #he manure from birds pro>ides a (ood source of or(anic matter for impro>in( soil fertilit$ and crop $ields. "ince a(riculture is mostl$ seasonal3 there is possibilit$ of findin( emplo$ment throu(hou throu(houtt the $ear for man$ persons persons throu(h throu(h poultr$ farmin(. als to lift the produce. #o ta*e care of the health ha/ards3 ade?uate >eterinar$ aid facilities are a>ailable in the nearb$ to+n throu(h the "tate Animal ,usbandr$ Department dispensar$. OBJECTI&E #o meet the (ro+in( demand of Broilers3 9 intended to establish a Broiler farm initiall$ +ith Broilers +hich +ill be reared on deep litter s$stem = ca(es. All inputs re?uire for rearin( of birds are pro>ided b$ contract farmin( compan$. After rearin( all birds are mar*eted to the compan$ on contract basis. LOCATIO$ #he proposed unit +ill be located on a piece of land +hich is almost le>eled and is +ell connected to approach road3 Electricit$ is a>ailable near the farm site. A tube +ell +ith electric motor pump set is alread$ existin( in this land and this +ater +ill be used for proposed poultr$ farm and ade?uate +ater of (ood ?ualit$ is a>ailable in this tube +ell. HOUSI$' Pro>ision has been made for the construction of a brooder cum (ro+er house measurin( at a rate of 1 s?uare feet per bird3 Besides it3 farm +ill ha>e a small store room and ser>ants ?uarter. Construction of house +ill be puc*a +ith asbestos roofin(. #he la$in( of pipeline for suppl$ of ade?uate +ater suppl$ is also be done.
E(UIPME$T
"tandard "tandard e?uipmen e?uipments ts are a>ailable a>ailable from >arious >arious e?uipmen e?uipmentt manufactu manufacturers rers located in the nearb$ cities. CHIC)S @ne da$ old commercial h$brid chic*s are a>ailable from the hatcheries. 9n order to co>er transportation3 hatcher$ is suppl$in( -; extra chic*s. Chic*s +ill be >accinated a(ainst d and 4are*s at source. Chic*s +ill be purchased in lots at re(ular inter>als. FEE% Compan$ +ill pro>ide feeds re?uire to birds on contract basis. ME%ICI$E A$% &ETERI$AR* AI% #he person +ho +ill be loo*in( after the da$toda$ mana(ement of the farm is con>ersant +ith the use of medicines. 9n case of need3 the sic* birds +ill be ta*en ta*en to the disease in>esti(ati in>esti(ation on laborato laborator$ r$ located located in to+n. to+n. 'or >arious >arious operations li*e >accination3 medication etc. a poultr$ specialist >isits the area at re(ular inter>als.
POULTR* HOUSI$' Poultr$ ,ousin( : "elect "elect +ell +ell raise raised d land land and a+a$ a+a$ from from reside residenti ntial al area area for poult poultr$ r$ •
•
sheds. !and +ith hard roc* or murram is more suitable. A>oid +ater lo((in(
•
and floodin( near the sheds. "elect a place +ith de?uate facilit$ for +ater3 electricit$3 approach road3
•
suppl$ of chic*s3 feed3 >eterinar$ aid "ee "e e that that sele select cted ed plac place e near near to mar* mar*et et for for sale sale of li>e li>e bird birds s and and
•
dressed chic*en. Pro>ide ade?uate floor space %i.e.3 minimum 1sft per bird&3 feedin(
•
space and +aterin( space per bird. Construction of sheds in such a +a$ that the end +alls face East
•
+ater +ill not enter the sheds. aise the floor of the shed at least one feet abo>e the outside (round
•
le>el. Pro>ide - to feet o>erhan( of the roof to a>oid entr$ of rain+ater
•
inside the shed. #he distance bet+een t+o sheds is not less than 5 feet.
•
Pro> Pro>id ide e ade? ade?ua uate te li(h li(htt and and >ent >entil ilat atio ion n and and comf comfor orta tabl ble e ho hous usin in( ( conditions durin( all seasons %cool in summer and +arm in +inter&.
•
Construct sheds in such a +a$ that predators %cats=do(s=sna*es& +ill not enter the shed. A>oid entr$ of rats b$ constructin( rat proof ci>il
•
structures. eep one tubeli(ht for e>er$ sft area.
•
#he +idth of the shed must not be more than - feet. 2 to 28 feet is
•
idle. No restriction on len(th. After After dispos disposal al of e>er$ e>er$ batch batch of birds birds the the dirt$ dirt$ litter litter materi material al and and manure should be remo>ed3 +alls and floors should be cleaned3 +hite
•
+ashed +ith lime and disinfected +ith .5; disinfectants. 9f deep deep litt litter er s$st s$stem em is foll follo+ o+ed ed33 al+a al+a$s $s use use dr$ dr$ and and clea clean n litt litter er material %sa+dust3 padd$ hus*3 etc.&. "pread la$er of litter on the floor3 *eep clean=disinfect broodin(3 feedin( and +aterin( e?uipment
•
and then introduce chic*s in the house. #he litter material should be al+a$s *ept loose and dr$. "tir the litter t+ice a +ee*. An$ +et litter=droppin(s etc. should be remo>ed and replaced +ith fresh=clean dr$ litter. CHAPTER + III
MAR)ET POTE$TIAL #he domestic broiler meat demand is (ro+in( at the rate of 15 18; on bac* bac* of factor factors s li*e li*e risin( risin( purch purchasi asin( n( po+er po+er33 chan(i chan(in( n( foo food d habits habits and increasin( urbani/ation. #he (ro+th is supported b$ implementation of lar(e scale contract poultr$ farmin( b$ inte(rated pla$ers. @>erall domestic poultr$ mar*et si/e is estimated at s. 7 crore +ith broiler meat. Floball$ 9ndia ran*s fourth in Broiler meat production +ith annual production of 2.0 million ton %4#&. Contract farmin( is billed to be >eritable instrument to address man$ of the traditio traditional nal ills affectin( affectin( the a(ricultu a(riculture re sector sector and the farmers. farmers. nder the contract (ro+in( a(reement birds are mar*eted to the compan$ on the basis of (ro+in( char(es. #hus3 the farmer assumes the production related ris*s and the price ris* is transferred to the compan$. 9n 9ndia contract farmin( has consi consider derabl able e potent potential ial +here +here small small mar(in mar(inal al farmer farmers s can no lon(er lon(er be competit competiti>e i>e +ithout +ithout access access to modern modern technolo technolo(ies (ies and support. support. Contrac Contractt farmin( can fill this (ap b$ pro>idin( the farmers +ith ?ualit$ inputs3 technical (uidance3 mana(ement s*ills3 credit as +ell as *no+led(e of ne+ impro>ed tech techno nolo lo($ ($.. Pric Pricin in( ( arra arran( n(em emen entt can can si(n si(nif ific ican antl tl$ $ redu reduce ce the the ris* ris* and and uncertaint$ of mar*et place.
CHAPTER-I V
S,OT A$AL*SIS STRENGTHS •
Poultr$ has the potential to meet the protein re?uirements of a nation +here malnutrition is rampant3 since both e((s=broilers are a (ood
•
source of protein. ,elps to au(ment the income of the rural masses. #hus impro>e the
•
socioeconomic status of rural population. Poultr$ is one of the most efficient con>erters of plant products = +aste in to edible food that can in some measure tac*le the problem of
•
malnutrition especiall$ in a countr$ li*e 9ndia. nli*e other meat %beef3 por*& +hich ha>e reli(ious taboos3 chic*en is
•
+idel$ accepted in 9ndia and is cheaper than (oat = sheep meat. Poultr$ litter has hi(h manure >alue and can be used in a(riculture
•
acti>ities. 9t has tremendous potential to create nonfarm emplo$ment and chec*
•
mi(ration from rural to urban areas. Fenerates relati>el$ ?uic* returns +ith lo+ in>estment re?uirements.
OPPORTU$ITIES Present per capita meat consumption in 9ndia is increasin( da$ b$ da$3 •
•
therefore there is lar(e scope for poultr$ farmin(. Besides this3 9ndia has also (reat potential mar*et.
•
#he increasin( a+areness of the need for the balanced nutrition has led to chan(es in the eatin( habots.
,EA)$ESS Poultr$ farmin( is labor intensi>e. • •
A peculiar feature of the poultr$ industr$ is that it is hi(hl$
•
fra(mented. !o+ (ro+in( char(es coupled +ith the cost of ma*in( in>estments in the infrastructure such as sheds3 feeders3 breeders3 +aterers3 heatin(
•
and coolin( s$stems result in a lo+ income for farmers. #he strin(ent mortalit$ norms %onl$ a 5; mortalit$ is permitted in most inte(ration contracts3 else the farmer (ets penali/ed and is
offered a lo+er rate& lea>es the farmers in a >ulnerable position and +ith no a>enue to >oice their (rie>ances. THREATS Natural calamities. • •
9f ade?uate death precautions are not ta*en infectious = conta(ious diseases can be spread. #he recent a>ian flu has spread a +a>e of panic across the (lobe. #he other aspects that ha>e dra((ed the
•
poultr$ industr$ are the recent "A" and Ebola. "horta(e in maor feed in(redient i.e.3 mai/e3 +hich constitutes more than 5; of feed rations. #herefore e>en a small increase in costs can +ipeout the profits.
A$$E-URE # I ECO$OMICS I$ BROILER FARMI$' # TECH$O ECO$OMIC $ORMS
1
No. of birds per batch
9000
2
Rearing period (weeks)
6
3
No. of batches per year
6
4
No. of batches sod per year
6
!
"pace re#$ire%ent per bird (s#ft)
1
6
&ost of constr$ction of shed (Rs.'sft)
1!0
"tore Roo% (sft)
200
&ost of constr$ction of "tore roo%
*+isting
9
,abor #$arter (sft)
1!0
10
&ost of constr$ction of ,abor #$arters
*+isting
11
&ost of eectrification (as - of cii costa)
4
12
*#$ip%ent cost (Rs'bird)
24
13
/ortaity in 6 weeks (-)
4
14
&ost of ay d &hicks (Rs'chick)
&ontract &o%pany s$ppy
1!
"$ppy for free chicks (-)
4
16
eed re#$ire%ent (kg'bird)
3.2
1
eed cost (Rs'kg)
&ontract &o%pany s$ppy
1
*+pendit$re on abor (Rs'batch i.e. 2 %onths)
1000
19
&ost of %edicines accine etc
&ontract &o%pany s$ppy
20
&ost of itter (Rs'bird)
2
21
erage body weight of birds (kg'bird)
2.2
22
"ae price of 5roiers (Rs.'kg body weight) (&ontract &o%pany)
4.!
23
"ae price of bird (Rs'bird) (&ontract &o%pany)
9.4!
24
nco%e fro% /an$re (Rs'bird)
1
2!
No. of g$nny bags (per ton of feed)
20
26
nco%e fro% g$nny bags (Rs.'bag)
10
2
epreciation on sheds (-)
!
2
epreciation on e#$ip%ent (-)
10
29
/argin /oney (-)
4!
30
nterest rate (-)
14
31
Repay%ent period (years)
6
32
7race period years (years)
0.!
33
&onstr$ction period (%onths)
3
34
Rest period for broier sheds (days)
10 8 1!
A$$E-URE # II
ECO$OMICS OF BROILER FARMI$' + I$&ESTME$T COST
S.No. 1
Par!"#$ar%
U!%
U! "o% R%
1sft per bird
9000 sft
1!0
200 sft
*+isting
c) ,abor #$arter
1!0 sft
*+isting
ater s$ppy syste%
b) ater tanks
*+isting 2 No.s
1000 trs each
6000 each
c) *ectric %otor p$%p set
12000 *+isting
d) *ectrica instaations'
4- of cii
e#$ip%ent
costs
!4000
*#$ip%ents a) eeders and aterers
4
13!0000
b) "tore Roo%
a) igging of :$bewe
3
Toa$ "o% R%
"heds and other str$ct$res a) 5roier "hed
2
S&'"!!"a!o%
&ost per bird
9000
22
19000
b) oggers
1!0
3
!00
c) "prinkers
30
!
22!0
d) 5rooders
10
1000
10000
&apitai;ation of rec$rring e+penses for one batch a) &hick cost
&ontract co%pany
b) eed cost
&ontract co%pany
c) /edicine accine etc
&ontract co%pany
d) ,itter
! :onns
2200
11000
e) ,abor cost per batch
9000 '%onth
2
1000
f)
:ota inancia $tay (:)
1!000 166000
160000
6
/argin /oney = 4!- of
6000
:
5ank oan = !!- of :
900000
A$$E-URE # III ECO$OMICS OF BROILER FARMI$' + FLOC) PROJECTIO$ CHART >ear
No. of batches introd$ced
No. of batches sod
6
6
6
6
6
6
?
6
6
?
6
6
?
6
6
A$$E-URE # I& CASH FLO, A$AL*SIS ".No.
>ear
to ? >ears
? year
&":"
&apita &ost
1632000
0
0
5
Rec$rring costs
a
&ost of chicks
0
0
0
b
&ost of eed
0
0
0
c
/isc e+penses
0
0
0
d
,itter
66000
66000
66000
e
,abor charges
10000
10000
10000
f
90000
90000
90000
5*N*:"
"ae of birds (Rs 4.! 'kg)
!0600
!0600
!0600
5
"ae of /an$re
!4000
!4000
!4000
&
"ae of g$nny bags
34!00
34!00
34!00
epreciation a$e of
i
"heds
40!000
ii
*#$ip%ent inc water p$%p
1!400
*
::, 5enefits
!96000
!96000
11!9000
N*: 5enefits
81300000
332000
332000
N a) &ost b) 5enefits c) N< d) 5&R e) RR
A$$E-URE # & ECO$OMICS + REPA*ME$T SCHE%ULE
Y'ar
Loa o#%a*!+
Gro%% %#r&$#%
I'r'% -/
Pr!"!&a$
To R'&a1'
S#r&$#%
900000
332000
126000
100000
226000
106000
00000
332000
112000
120000
232000
100000
60000
332000
9!200
13900
23!000
9000
?
!41000
332000
!00
1!9200
23!000
9000
?
32000
332000
33!00
200000
233!00
9!00
?
12000 TOTAL
332000
2!!00
12000
20!00
124!00
23000
90-000
-429000
254000
https://veerabadrapoultryfarms.blogspot.com/2015_02_01_archive.h tml The rearing of Broilers commenced after completion of construction of shed !lectric service connection "ontract #greement $ith %en&atesh$ara 'atcheries (rivate )imited and *anctioning of )oan from +,B+ Ban& -ampur branch of arangal ,istrict etc.. irst batch of ne day "hic&s received on early hours of 2th #ugust 2015.
Photos of Broiler flock
Today's !"#$%#!$&" acti(ity at o)r *ro*osed Po)ltry Farm
PO+LTR, -O+./01
!# %# 7# "# 8# ;# <#
Poultry Housing : .elect 2ell raised land and a2ay from residential area for *o)ltry sheds# Land 2ith hard rock or m)rram is more s)ita3le# 4(oid 2ater logging and flooding near the sheds# .elect a *lace 2ith de5)ate facility for 2ater6 electricity6 a**roach road6 s)**ly of chicks6 feed6 (eterinary aid .ee that selected *lace near to market for sale of li(e 3irds and dressed chicken# Pro(ide ade5)ate floor s*ace i#e#6 minim)m &sft *er 3ird6 feeding s*ace and 2atering s*ace *er 3ird# Constr)ction of sheds in s)ch a 2ay that the end 2alls face East9:est direction and the side 2alls face 0orth9.o)th direction6 so that rain 2ater 2ill not enter the sheds# Raise the floor of the shed at least one feet a3o(e the o)tside gro)nd le(el# Pro(ide % to 7 feet o(erhang of the roof to a(oid entry of rain2ater inside the shed#
=# &$#
& &!# &%# &7#
&"#
The distance
3et2een t2o sheds is not less than "$ feet# Pro(ide ade5)ate light and (entilation and comforta3le ho)sing conditions d)ring all seasons cool in s)mmer and 2arm in 2inter# Constr)ct sheds in s)ch a 2ay that *redators cats>dogs>snakes 2il l not enter the shed# 4(oid entry of rats 3y constr)cting rat *roof ci(il str)ct)res# ?ee* one t)3e9light for e(ery 7$$ sft area# The 2idth of the shed m)st not 3e more than %$ feet# !7 to !< feet is idle# 0o restriction on length# 4fter dis*osal of e(ery 3atch of 3irds the dirty litter material and man)re sho)ld 3e remo(ed6 2alls and floors sho)ld 3e cleaned6 2hite 2ashed 2ith lime and disinfected 2ith $#"@ disinfectants# /f dee* litter system is follo2ed6 al2ays )se dr y and clean litter material sa2d)st6 *addy h)sk6 etc## .*read 7A la yer of litter on the floor6 kee* clean>disinfect 3rooding6 feeding and 2atering e5)i*ment and then introd)ce chicks in the ho)se# The litter material sho)ld 3e al2ays ke*t loose and dry# .tir the litter t2ice a 2eek# 4ny 2et litter>dro**ings etc# sho)ld 3e remo(ed and re*laced 2ith fresh>clean dry litter#
eera3adra Po)ltry Farm .hed )nder constr)ction 999 Fe2 Photos#
My E*eriences "o far 9 ha>e not posted the rearin( of broilers +hich started on 26.8.215. er 9 ha>e posted3 all are the results of +eb search. 9 ha>e not explained3 ho+ m$ broiler farmin( is (oin( on. E>er$thin( 9 +ill post m$ practical experiences3 faults3 etc.3 after liftin( all of m$ birds b$ the inte(rator. "till 6 da$s to (o for desired period. #he 4ar*et price of chic* is >er$ lo+3 less than the expenditure. !et me see +hen the birds are (oin( to be lifted b$ the inte(rator.
Pre(ention and Control of Disease Disease pre>ention and control pro(ramme 1. "tart +ith disease free stoc* 2. )accine chic*s a(ainst ani*het and Fambora -. eep feed free from aflatoxins . Donot allo+ >isitors inside the poultr$ house unless the$ +ear disinfected clothes and foot +ear 5. Co>er floor +ith clean litter atleast - inches deep 6. All in all out s$stem of rearin( should be follo+ed to ensure minimum disease problems 7. 'oot bath at the entrance of the shed must be constructed 8. Ade?uate clean and fresh +ater should be a>ailable
.im*le R)les for *re(ention of Po)ltry Diseases 1. Fi>e chic*s the health$ 'eed and clean ide dr$ litter as and +hen re?uired. 5. Do not *eep too man$ birds to(ether. 6. )accinate chic*s for most important diseases %onl$ health$ birds to be >accinated&. 7. "ic* birds should be isolated. 9f not cured or not curable disease3 then *ill them to a>oid infestation 8. Burn or bur$ dead birds. 0. 'ollo+ strict biosecure methods.
List of the re5)isites to setting )* a Po)ltry Farm
•
•
ailabilit$ throu(hout the $ear. e (round le>el (Our shed's breadth is 30 feet and floor is 1' to 5' above the ground level)
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
E.B ser>ice3 #ube li(ht G 1No for e>er$ s?. ft3 is essential (Fitted with 5 tube lights) 'oot bath = dip +ith disinfectant for better bio securit$ (Foot bath ! dips ere"ted) "eparate feed room near to the shed +ith stac*in( arran(ement for feed ba(s (#eparate feed roo$ is there but feed sto"%ing on four feed plat far$s ere"ted in the $iddle of the shed and ea"h platfor$ having "apa"it& to hold 30 bags) "ide Curtain for the entire len(th of the shed for both sides3 inside and outside (oth sides and out side onl&. e had inside "urtains to "over onl& brooding area ) Partition for e>er$ 5 s?. ft ( artitions $ade ever& 1000 s*ft ) Pro>ision of death pit for disposal of dead birds (+eath pit $ade 00 feet awa& fro$ the shed ) Plat farm Pro>ision for placin( +ei(hin( scales - feet H - feet ( Foot baths "an be used )
accine .ched)le etc
#he abo>e charts found at )en*atesh+ara ,atcheries @ffice
D4, TO D4, M4041EME0T
1. er3 ta*e out the +et paper and replace +ith dr$ one. 9f the hei(ht of the drin*er is too lo+3 increase the hei(ht. 9f the chic*s are drin*in( +ith difficult$. chec* and reduce the hei(ht if necessar$. 2. "prin*le feed on the paper +hen the chic*s arri>e. 9ntroduce the feeders after 6 hours. @ne small feeder for 5 chic*s. 9f the chic*s are supplied in paper boxes3 the same boxes can be used as feeders for 2 da$s after cuttin( the hei(ht of the sides. "mall round plastic feeders or F9 feeders also can be used. "tart feedin( in the feeders. 're?uent feedin( +ith small ?uantities attract the chic*s and the$ (ro+ better. #r$ and feed once in e>er$ t+o hours in small ?uantities. Do not spill feed. 'eed sa>ed is the ultimate profit. (,ot followed the feeding in this $anner due to ignoran"e)
-. 'ill in the +aterers onl$ half to start +ith.
+a$ that the +aterers (et empt$ t+ice. 4edicated +ater should not be thro+n out. (-his is also not followed)
. Continue the practice of +aterin( and feedin(. #he brooders should be raised in the da$ time. 9f the da$ is too hot3 put off the brooders and raise them so that there +ill be more aeration. 9f the paper is +et3 replace the paper.
5. #a*e out the paper on -rd da$. 9ncrease the diameter of the (uard b$ another t+o feet. 9ncrease the hei(ht of +aterers and feeders so that litter does not fall on the +ater or feed. #he chic*s and the surroundin(s should be dr$. (e$oved the paper on nd da& itself)
6. Da$ 6th: EIE D@P )ACC9NA#9@N. )accinate the chic*s +ith !asota >accine to protect the birds from ani*et disease. Procure >accine as fresh as possible3 chec* for expir$ date3 carr$ it in ice to the shed3 Plan to finish the >accination +ith in - to 5 minutes after mixin(. 9f the >accine pac*in( is lar(e3 li*e 25 doses3 or(ani/e t+o people to >accinate3 eep the balance >accine in ice3 and 'ollo+ the instructions of the manufacturer. 4ostl$ this >accine is (i>en in the e$e. eep the label of one >ial pasted to the dail$ chart. #his helps to refer bac* if the problem arises. )accinate on a cool part of the da$. 9ncrease the place for the chic*s. Put - ml of +ater in the dropper and count +eather it is deli>erin( 1 drops. 9f not adust the ?uantit$ or chan(e the dropper. 9mproper droppers lea>e some chic*s un>accinated in the end or some >accine is left o>er. Both are undesirable.
7. "ome times *illed >accine is recommended bet+een 6th da$s to 8th da$. #he ND *illed >accine should be inected in to the nec* +ith an automatic >accinator.
8. Da$ 7th: 9ncrease the number of feeders. eplace chic* feeders +ith adult feeders. aise the hei(ht of the drin*ers and feeders to a>oid the spilla(e. Place the feeder and drin*ers alternati>el$. #he chic* should not mo>e more than 1 ft to found feed or +ater. educe the temperature b$ ta*in( out the bulb out of 3 +hen used.
0. Da$ 8th3 15th3 2-rd3 20th3 -6th3 -rd:
them. 2 to 5 chic*s are enou(h in each room. #a*e the +ei(ht of the empt$ buc*et. Put some chic*s and record the era(e. After th +ee* +ei(h males and females separatel$ and a>era(e a(ain.
1. ecord the balance feed in the mornin( before +ei(hin( the chic*s. Calculate total feed consume to date b$ deductin( the amount left o>er from the amount deli>ered. Calculate the feed per bird b$ di>idin( the feed b$ the balance number of birds. Calculate the 'eed Con>ersion b$ di>idin( the a>era(e feed per bird +ith a>era(e +ei(ht of the bird. Compare +ith the follo+in( chart. #otal the dead chic*s to date and di>ide b$ the number recei>ed to (et mortalit$ percenta(e. Compare +ith the follo+in( chart.
11.
PE'@4ANCE "#ANDAD"
DAI
'EED 15=12 -6 8 1-6 22 -5
'C .85 .0 1.1 1.21.7 1.75
4@#A!9#I .5 .8 1. 1.2 1.5 1.8=2
#hese Calculations +ill tell $ou +here $ou are. 9f the performance is not up the mar* $ou can ta*e help from the feed and chic*s suppliers.
12. Chec* on feed3 +ater and space dail$. "ee that the feeders ha>e some feed al+a$s. A>oid +asta(e. 9f the mortalit$ is more3 (et the dead chic*s examined and (i>e medicines. 9f feed medicines are su((ested3 mix correctl$. #a*e the medicine and e?ual ?uantit$. @nce $ou ma*e 1 *(3 put the medicine premix and feed la$er on the (round. 4ix from one side. 4ix t+ice to ensure thorou(h mixin(. #he routine is same up to 12th da$.
1-. Da$ 12th to 1th : #his is the da$ for >accination a(ainst Fumboro disease. #a*e the ad>ice of the chic* supplier or the local >eterinar$ doctor re(ardin( +hich >accine to be used. #here are mild strains for relati>el$ ne+ areas. 9n cro+ded and infected areas3 the$ recommended intermediate or intermediate strains. 'ollo+ the (uide lines as (i>en for lasota. )accinate as recommended3 in the e$e. Destro$ the used bottles after use b$ burnin(. Chec* the droppers before use +eather the$ deli>er 1 doses. #he >accine
is costl$. 9f3 1 chic*s are left in the end3 $ou ha>e to brea* another >ial. eep trac* of ?uantit$ used and number of chic*s >accinated fre?uentl$. Do not lea>e some chic*s un>accinated. (/a""inated on 13th da& i.e. on 0702015)
1. Da$ 15 to 21st: 'ollo+ the routine. "ee that the chic*s are full fed +ithout +asta(e of feed. Enou(h fresh ?ualit$ of +ater should be made a>ailable. eep record of dail$ mortalit$ and feed consumption.
15. 22nd to 28th da$: accine in the drin*in( +ater is recommended durin( this period in some places especiall$ if the *illed >accine is not (i>en. 9f the drin*in( +ater >accine is recommended3 prepare +ell for the da$. Procure >accine in ad>ance and store it properl$. Plan to >accinate in the earl$ hours durin( summer and b$ 1 a.m in +inter. Count the number of drin*ers a>ailable. #a*e a measure and measure the same number of drin*ers. Add 9ce to the +ater to cool it little belo+ normal +ater temperature. Add s*im mil* po+der the >accine >ial and add the diluent. 4ix the >accine to the cool +ater +ith the mil* po+der. "et the drin*ers bac*. ailable3 >accine can be mixed in the +ater tan*. "ee that the tan* is filled onl$ up to one fourth le>els3 cooled and mil* po+der added to the +ater before the >accine is mixed. #he >accine +ater should be finished in one hour time. After the +aterers are put bac*3 mo>e the birds sittin( at the corner to the drin*ers. All the birds should dip their bea*s at least once in the >accinated +ater. Disinfectants in +ater *ill the >accine. "top usin( disinfectants - da$s before >accination. se +ater direct from the bore +ell for >accination.
16. 22nd to 28 da$s period is >er$ >ulnerable for diseases li*e Fumboro3 Ecoli or espirator$ problems. Fumboro can affect if the >accine fails. Fet all the dead birds examined and ta*e proper steps. Fi>e supporti>e treatment li*e )itamins3 a((er$ +ater and antibiotics li*e Amox$l in +ater. 9f the problem is E.Coli or CD3 sron(er antibiotics li*e Enrofloxin should be (i>en. Fi>e the +ater medication in the mornin( +ater. #a*e out all the drin*ers and +ash them properl$ and dr$ for half an hour. en Jper birdK basis and it is eas$ to calculate the amount. "ome medicines are (i>en on per liter basis. 4ix thorou(hl$ and put all drin*ers bac* +ith medicated +ater. ailable. 4edicines can be added directl$ in the smaller
tan* in the shed.
17. )itamins and antibiotics can be used in +ater as a precautionar$ measure for t+o da$s after >accination e>en +hen there is no disease. #his pre>ents diseases or reduces the impact of the disease.
18. "44E 4ANAFE4EN#: 'eed the birds earl$ in the mornin( and do not feed durin( the da$ time. 9t is better to estimate the ?uantit$ of feed re?uired for the da$ and put onl$ that amount in the feeders earl$ mornin( and late in the e>enin(. 9f the feed is remainin(3 it is better to lift the feeders durin( the hot part of the da$. 9f the birds are too hun(r$3 the$ ma$ pec* at each other. A(ain feed after them after the hot part is o>er to+ards the e>enin(. Electrol$tes in +ater help to o>er come hot +eather. Put the re?uired ?uantit$ in the +ater at noon. "pra$ +ater directl$ on the birds durin( the mid da$. #hatch the roof durin( the summer. ,a>e a shad$ extension on the sides for narro+ houses to a>oid radiation heat. Pedestal fans help in humid climates. @ne fan in ft len(th is sufficient. !i>er tonics and Anti toxins are recommended if toxicit$ is detected.
BRO/LER F4RM M4041EME0T 9 PREP4R4T/O0
O$E ,EE) BEFORE ARRI&AL OF CHIC)S 1. Plan the next batch at least 15 da$s after li?uidation dependin( on the si/e of the farm. Clear (ap of minimum 7 da$s should be a>ailable after cleanin( and before arri>al chic*s. Plan to house the total farm +ith one batch. Calculate the number of chic*s re?uired for the +hole farm. (vailable spa"e in our far$ is 2750 sft but 4 brought 2500 O+s and we entered into agree$ent with /en%ateshwara Hat"heries for integration far$ing) 2. emo>e all litter scrape the floor off the ca*ed litter. ( +one )
-.
Clear cob+ebs at the roof3 broom all the dust. ( +one )
.
Clean the floor +ith +ater. ( leaned with roo$ )
6. "prin*le caustic soda fla*es on floor and appl$ +ith broom. ( #prin%led li$e ) 7.
8. "pread bleachin( po+der on the +et surface and appl$ +ith broom. ( #pread li$e on wet surfa"e ) 0. e the shed >acant for one +ee*. (+one) 1. 'or mud floor "crap off some mud alon( +ith littereplace at least - inches of fresh mud. "tamps +ell appl$ dr$ lime po+der Lbleachin( po+der on the +et surface and allo+ it to dr$. ( +one as 4 have $entioned above ) 11.
#a*e out the e?uipment and clean +ith +ater. ( +one )
12. 9f the side curtains are ,DP or plastic3 dip them in +ater and lea>e to dr$. (,ot +one) 1-. Clean the surroundin(s of the poultr$ house off the (rass and )e(etation. ( +one ) 1. Drain out the +ater tan* and pipe lines. Put Acetic acid of Chlorine li?uid - times the normal ?uantit$ and lea>e for a da$. ( leaned with the "he$i"al supplied b& /H ) O$E %A* BEFORE ARRI&AL OF CHIC)S 1.
Put bac* the curtains. ( +one )
2. Disinfect e?uipment li*e brooders3 +aterers and feeders b$ dippin( them in disinfect solution or spra$in( the surface +ith disinfectant. %'ormalin3 Asiphor& Disinfect" can be used for this purpose. (+one with the solutions supplied b& the /H) -.
"pread hus* on the (round ( +one )
.
Chec* +ater and electrical connections. ( +one )
5. Dependin( on the number of chic*s to arri>e3 complete the broodin( arran(ements. 4a*e a round shaped (uard and han( the brooder in the center. 9f electric bulb broodin( is used3 ma*e a round of 5ft diameter for 25 to - chic*s. 9f (as brooders are used3 up to 25 chic*s can be brooded in one (roup. 'ollo+ the manufacturers specification. Arran(e to han( the brooders3 so that3 the$ can be raised durin( the da$time. (18 brooders arranged for 2500 "hi"%s) 6. "pra$ 2; 'ormalin %2ml in 1ltrs of +ater.& all o>er the interiors of the shed3 o>er the e?uipment and the surroundin(s. ( +one ) 7. 9f the house is small3 consider fumi(ation. 4easure +idth = breadth =a>era(e hei(ht in feet to arri>e at the total cubic feet. se ml 'ormalin for 1cft. Place it in a bi((er container%the ?uantit$ should be half full& #a*e Potassium Perman(anate 5; of the ?uantit$ of 'ormalin. "ee that all persons are out. Pour Potassium Perman(anate cr$stals in to the 'armalin li?uid and come out ?uic*l$ as the fumes raise.%#he fumes burn the e$es&25==1 ftM1 cft for this ml 'ormalin and 2(ms Potassium Perman(anate is re?uired. eep all curtains closed. ( ,ot +one ) 8. @pen the curtains on the sides on the sides one hour before the arri>al of chic*s to allo+ some fresh air. ("urtains lifted during transporting into shed ) 0. "pread ne+s paper on the litter carefull$ after ma*in( the litter le>eled. ( +one ) 1. Add medicines in +ater tan* as re?uired. e (round le>el on a stand to pre>ent chic*s (ettin( in . ( +one ) 12. "prin*le mai/e po+der or feed on the paper sli(htl$. (spread feed) ,HE$ THE CHIC)S ARRI&EL 1.
9f the +eather is too cool3 re?uest the hatcher$ to deli>er the
chic*s in the da$ time. #he chic*s +ill ha>e time to settle do+n. 'ind out the time of hatch. 9f the chic*s are deli>ered on the same ni(ht and if the +eather is bad3 the chic*s can li>e +ithout feed or +ater for 8 hours. eepin( them in the boxes is better than lea>in( them in chilled +eather. Dela$ leads to deh$dration. #he chic*s should reach the house in minimum possible time. 2. @pen the boxes and ensure that all chic*s are ali>e and acti>e. #he chic*s should tr$ to ump out of the boxes3 +hen the lids are ta*en out. Chec* the number a(ainst the deli>er$ note. #a*e out the dead and dull chic*s. -. #a*e medicated +ater in a plate. Dip the bea* of each chic* in the medicated +ater before releasin(. Count +hile releasin(. 9f $ou find some chic*s too small or +ea* +hile handlin(3 destro$ them or place them in a separate brooder. 'e+ chic*s should be sho+n to nipples. @thers cop$ them. . Put the heatin( s$stem on before the chic*s are released. e the brooder so that all the chic*s can see the surroundin(s clearl$. 9f the temperature is hi(h3 the chic*s mo>e a+a$ from the heat source3 9f the temperature is lo+3 the$ cro+ed in the center. Adust the hei(ht of the brooder or the source of heat accordin(l$.
M, PO+LTR, .-ED CO0.TR+CT/O0 EPE0D/T+RE
#his is actual expenditure 9 incurred3 #his ma$ >ar$ from place to place and time to time etc.3
1 Bric&s 2 "ement 3 !lectrical +tems 4 !lectrician 5 abrication steel sheets etc ravel 6 *ite development 7 )abour "harges 8estri for construction 9 8etal 10 ,, for (o$er *upply 11 (aintings and $hite $ash 12 ater connections total 13 ater Tan&s 14 eeders drin&ers 8esh etc 15 *and
100000 0000 30000 10000 50000 100000 25000 100000 15000 10000 30000 40000 17000 10000 0000
1 17 1 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
Transportation ( (ermission (lan preperation Ban& loan process *hed insurance Tarpaulins Bore ell and 8otor pump ecluded ,eisel for enerator ,eisel for car 8isellaneous TOTAL EXPENDITURE
15000 75000 5000 15000 3500 35000 0 10000 30000 25000 1850000
LOC4T/O0 OF F4RM
1. #he broiler farm should be closer to cities or dressin( plants to reduce the transport time and costs. !on( distance tra>el results are shrin*a(e. #he traders pa$ more for farms in close >icinit$. (9& far$ lo"ated %$s awa& fro$ residential lo"alit& i.e. #hivunipall& village of #tation 6hanpur $andal and 3 %$s awa& fro$ :a;ipet Hana$%onda) 2. #he farm sits should be a+a$ from other poultr$ farms3 at least one *m from the nearest farm. #he site >er$ near to road should be a>oided due to bio securit$ reasons. Plan the site to be little a+a$ at least - ft from the main road. (nother oultr& far$ situated within 700 $etres and an approa"h road <00 $etres fro$ - oad 6hanpur to ala%urth& and situated a$idst of 9ango or"hid) -. #he site should be lon(er East in( ?uarters for +or*ers3 offices and stores nearer to (ate so that the incomin( ser>ice >ehicles need not (o inside the farm e>er$ time. #he casual >isitors can be a>oided. ( 9& Far$ are -a%er's *uarter is situated 50' southward awa& fro$ Far$ and #tore roo$ situated west side ad>a"ent to the Far$ ) 5. Plan the poultr$ houses +ith maximum possible distance bet+een the houses. #he minimum distance of - ft is recommended. ( Onl& one "ontinuous #hed )
6. eep the future expansions also in mind +hile plannin( the constructions. 7. 'ence the area in such a +a$ that no stra$ animals and outsiders (et in. Chain lin* fencin( is the best. ( rea "overed with 9ango Or"hid and fen"ed with barbed wire ) 8. ,a>e a proper secured (ate +ith +heel +ash for the >ehicles. Plan a decontamination entr$ for >ehicles li*e mechanical spra$in( of the +hole >ehicle. (Onl& gate e?isting to $& Far$ ) 0. 9n lar(e farms3 pro>ide decontamination for the staff3 'acilities are pro>ided for ta*in( bath and chan(in( clothes. ( ra"ti"all& i$possible for $e ) 1. 9f feed deli>er$ is not throu(h silos3 ha>e a feed store at the (ate and an internal ser>ice >ehicle from store to farm. ( ,ot possible for $e four Feed stands ere"ted at "onvenient pla"es in the shed and ea"h #tand bears 30 bags ) 11. 9f possible3 prefer the site +here poultr$ +as not reared earlier. #his +ill help a to maintain strict biosecurit$. ( ,o prior rearing of roilers at this la"e ) 12. 9t is ad>isable to bu$ more land for the furthur expansion of the farm. (Had suffi"ient land for future e?tension and 4 will e?pand if rearing is finan"iall& feasible) 1-. #ress passin( of persons and animal in the farm site can result into the spread of Disease. 4a*e sure that the farm area is properl$ fenced. ( Far$ properl& fen"ed )
COMME0CEME0T OF EER4B-4DR4 PO+LTR, F4RM 4$ Poultr$ farmin( dela$ed due to dela$ in po+er suppl$ b$ NPDC!. #hin(s are not in our control. Construction commenced three months dela$ and Frampancha$ath "hi>unipall$ permitted the construction of Poultr$ 'arm on 8..215 and NPDC! authorities supplied po+er in third +ee* of Au(ust 215. Proect dela$ed nearl$ four months and atlast 1st batch commenced from 26th Au(ust 2153 i.e.3 earl$ hours of E*adashi3 "hra>ana masam3 #uesda$.
Letter from MD T.TR40.CO to MD T4.0PDCL on *o2er s)3sidy to the Po)ltry .ector
Bio9sec)rity *ractice on *o)ltry )nits shared from the article *osted in *o)ltryli(eindia#com I NDI A–Offic i a lgui de l i ne sha v ebe enr e l e as edpr e sc r i bi ngbi os ec ur i t ypr a ct i c eon poul t r yuni t s. Th eDe pa r t me nto fAn i ma lHu s ba nd r y ,Da i r y i n g&Fi s h er i e s( DADF)h as r el eas ed“ Gener al Gui del i nesf orBi os ec ur i t yatCent r al Poul t r yDev el opment Or gani z at i on”wi t ht heMi ni s t r yofAgr i c ul t ur eandFar mer s ’ Wel f ar e. TheDepar t mentf r om t i met ot i mer e vi ewst hebi os ec ur i t ysi t uat i oni nt hei rs ubor di nat e Or g ani z at i onsv i z .Cent r al Poul t r yDe v el opmentOr g ani z at i ons( CPDOs ) .Thel as t bi os ec ur i t ygui del i neswer ei s suedi n2013.I twasdec i dedt or ev i s i tt hebi os ec ur i t y gui del i nesi nl i ghtofl at es tdev el opment sandt oi nc or por at es omepr ac t i c esi nv oguet o mak et hem mor eeff ec t i v e.Keepi ngt hi si nmi nd,t heGener al Gui del i nesf orBi os ec ur i t yat Cent r al Poul t r yDe v el opmentOr g ani z at i on swer er e vi s edsot hatt h ebas i ct ene t sc anbe ap pl i e dno to nl yt oCPDOsbu tal s oSt a t ean dPr i v a t ePo ul t r yFa r ms . Poul t r yf ar msac r os st hec ount r yneedt omai nt ai nt hebas i csani t ar ycondi t i onses sent i al f orheal t h ybi r dsandhy gi eni cpr oduc t s .Ani nt egr at edbi os ec ur i t ypr ogr ammei san appl i c at i ononl ogi c al ands oundpr i nc i pl esspec i fi ct oanent er pr i s e,moni t or i ngof di s eas es t at us ,ev al uat i onofongoi ngpoul t r yf ar m oper at i onsonc ont i nuousbas i swi t han obj ec t i v et oc ont ai nt hedi s eas esa tbar emi ni mum l ev el .Somepoul t r ydi s eas esl i k e Av i anI nfl uenz aar ez oono t i ci nnat ur e,i . e.t he yma ybet r ans mi t t edt ohumans ,and pot ent i al l ypos esser i ouspubl i cheal t hr i s ks . Thef ar msshoul ds t r i v et omax i mi z et hebenefi t sac hi e v abl et hr ougheff ec t i v ebi os ec ur i t y andt obec ons i s t entwi t hHACCP( Haz ar dAnal y s i s ,Cr i t i c al Cont r ol Poi nt s )pr i nc i pl es whi c hc anbede v el opede as i l y . Fort hi s ,t heCent r al Poul t r yDe v el o pmentOr g ani z at i on& T r ai ni ngI ns t i t ut e( Sout her nRegi on) ,Hes sar ghat t awoul ddes i gnt r ai ni ngmodul esand h ol dwo r k s h o psb a s edo nd ema ndf r o mt h eSt a t e s . Af t erl es s onsf r om Av i anI n fluenz aandot herp oul t r ydi s eas eout br e ak sac r os st he c ount r ybo t hi npubl i candpr i v at ef ar ms ,wemus ti mpl ement ,asf araspos s i bl e,a bi os ec ur i t ypl ant opr ev entan yf ut ur edi s as t er s .Thes egui del i nesar epr opos edt oac tas r o ad mapf o rk e ep i n gac l o sev i g i l a ndma i n t e na nc eofb i o se cu r i t yan dh av ebe en at t empt edt oc ov ert heconc ept ual ,s t r uc t ur al andoper at i onal bi os ec ur i t yt hr ough adv i s or i esont hef ar ml oc at i onanddes i gn,r es t r i c t edac ces st obi r ds ,t r afficcont r ol , i s ol at i onandquar ant i neofnewbi r ds ,c l eani ngands ani t at i on,per s onnel h ygi ene, hy gi eni cdi s pos al ofpoul t r ymanur e,di s pos al ofdeadbi r dsandot herbi o/bi omedi c al was t es ,f eeds af et y ,per i odofr es torr ear i ngofs i ngl eagegr oup,medi c at i on/v ac ci nat i on ofbi r ds ,fl oc kpr ofi l i ng,c ol l ec t i onofi nf ec t i v e/s us pec t edmat er i al f orl abor at or yt es t i ng e t c . Thema j o rr o ut e sf o rd i s ea sea ndpa t h og ent r a ns mi s s i ona r eb r i e fl yen umer a t e d. Emph as i si sg i v e no nf e eds af e t ya ndwa t e rma nag eme nt ,wh i c hwe r eea r l i e rno t
des cr i bedi ndet ai l i nt hepr ev i ousgui del i nes .I ti sal s os ugges t edt her ei n,t or ef ert he Ac t i onPl anonAv i anI nfl uenz a( r e vi s edi nMar c h,2015) ,c ompar t ment al i z at i onchec kl i s t , t h ePr e v en t i onan dc on t r o lo fI nf e ct i o nsan dBi o Me di c al Wa st e( Man ag eme nt& Hand l i ng)Rul es ,1998underEn vi r onment( Pr o t ec t i on)Ac t ,1 986e t c . ,Di s pos al ofdead bi r d( s )i nabi os ec ur edma nner ,andc ompl i anc et ot hePr ev ent i onandCont r ol of I nf e ct i ousandCont agi ousDi s eas esi nAni mal sAc t ,2009.I ti sur gedt hatt hec onc er ned per s onnel s houl dbewel l v er s edoft hes eandappl yt hebi os ec ur i t ymeas ur esi n c ons onanc e,s ot hatal l r el e vantpoi nt sar ec ov er ed. I ti sal s os ugges t edt hati ft her ei sanymor t al i t yr epor t edi nwi l dbi r d/wat erbi r ds/c r o ws , e t c .i nf ar mc amp ust h ep os tmo r t em ofs uc hb i r d ss ho ul db ea v oi d edi nf a r m ar ea .Th e Depa r t mentandt heRegi onal /St at e/Di s t r i c tDi s eas eDi agnos t i cLabss houl dbe i nf or medi mmedi at el yandt he yma yber eques t edt ocol l ec tt hesampl esaspert hei r pr ot oc ol f ordi agnos i s[ orf oronwar dt r ans mi s si ont oNat i onal I ns t i t ut eofHi ghSec ur i t y An i ma lDi s ea se s( NI HSAD) ,Bho pa li nc as eo fAv i a nI n flu en za ]f o rd i a gn os i s ,a spe rt h e r equi r ementt obedec i dedb yt hec ompe t entaut hor i t y . I fAv i anI nfl uen zaorNo t i fi ed di s ea sei ss us pe ct e do rc o nfi r me da tan yf a r md emob i l i z et h es t a ffo ft h ef ar m wi t h i mme di a t eeff ec t . I ti sal s os ugges t edt oi mmedi at el yst ops al epur c has e/i nfl owout fl owofal l poul t r y pr oduc t s ,f eedorf eedi ngr edi ent s ,et c .i fdi s eas ei sev ens us pec t edordi agnos edi nan y s hedorf ar mt i l l fi nal t es tr es ul t sofdi s eas edi agnos i si sdoneandr egar di ngNo t i fi ed di s ea se s/Av i a nI n flu en zaaf t e rc on fir ma t i o nf r om d es i gn at e d/NI HSADBh op al . Ani ndi c at i v equi c kc hec kl i s tf ori mpl ement i nganeffec t i v epoul t r ybi os ec ur i t ypl ani sal s o gi v enment i oni ngabouts ec ur i ngper i me t erbyk eepi ng“ r es t r i c t ed”s i gnspos t edatdr i v e ent r anc es ,av oi di ngt r eesordens ef ol i agear ounds hedsandpr e ventr oos t i ngs i t ef orwi l d bi r ds ,r es t r i c tent r yt oes sent i al per s onnel andr ec or dent r y ,k eepi ngpoul t r yhous es l oc k ed,pr o vi di ngboot sandc ov er al l sf ors t affandv i s i t or sf oreac hs hed,per s onnel pr ec aut i onsl i k ec hangi ngbys t affi nt odedi c at ed/ di s pos abl eboot sandco ver al l supon ent er i ngeac hdi ffer ents hed.Ot herr el ev antpoi nt er sar eal s oment i onedl i k er emo vi ng poul t r ymor t al i t ydai l y ,s t or i ngordi s pos i ngt hem offb yanappr o vedmet hod;c r eat e awar enes saboutt hedanger sofr ai s i ngorv i s i t i ngot hera vi ans pec i esandt hei rc ont ac t wi t ht hei rfl oc k.Poi nt er sonmoni t or i ngofv ehi c l es ,t ak i ngappr opr i at epr ec aut i onssuc has di s i nf ec t i on,i mpl ement i ngas t r ongc on t r ol pr ogr am f ori ns ec t ,mammal i ananda vi an v ec t or sar eal s ogi v en.I ti sal s or emi ndedt or ec hec kandr e vi ewbi os ec ur i t ypl anand fl oc kheal t hpr ogr am,i nc l udi ngv ac ci nat i onpr ot oc ol s ,wi t hv et er i nar i anonar egul arbas i s . I ti sal s oaddedt hatbi os ec ur i t yonpoul t r yf ar msi sanes sent i al t ool f orens ur i ngwel f ar e ofpoul t r yandhumansb yp r e v ent i ngt r ans mi s s i onofpoul t r y r el at edz oonot i candf oodbor nepat hogens .Met hodofc ol l ec t i onofi nf ec t i v e/s us pec t edmat er i al f orl abor at or y t es t i ngi saddedasi ti smos t l yseent hatt hes ampl essentt ol abor at or i esar enotpr oper andt es t i ng/di agnos i si sei t hernotpos si bl eorl eadst oi nc or r ec tr es ul t s .Somet abl esi n t heapp endi c esar eaddedf oreas yr ef er enc eandmoni t or i ngofv i s i t or s ’ mo v ement ,wat e r qual i t yandf or mat sf orov er al l s uper v i s i onandi nt er nal audi t i ngofbi os ec ur i t yonf ar m. Thusi ti sbel i ev edt hatt hi sl uc i dGener al Gui del i nesonbi os ec ur i t ywi l l hel ppr ev ent i ngr es sofdi s eas esi nt hepoul t r yf ar ms .I fal l poul t r yf ar msac r os st hec ount r y ,bot h
publ i candpr i v at ef ol l owt hebas i ct enet sl i s t edi nt r ues pi r i ti twi l l hel pi nadi s eas ef r ee, s af ean dwh ol e so mepo ul t r yp r o du ct i on .
E# coli /nfections in Po)ltry As published in $UTRITIO$ LI$E E. oli In/etion" in Poltr! B$ Eric Fin(erich3 D)4 #echnical "er>ice "pecialist Poultr$ Diamond ) Escherichia coli %E. coli for short& is a Framne(ati>e bacterium that can cause >arious forms of disease in poultr$. Diseases caused b$ E. coli are called colibacillosis and ma$ infect all classes and a(es of poultr$. #he E. coli bacterium is ubi?uitous +here>er fecal material from animals is found. E. coli related diseases continue to be at or near the top of lists of disease issues for broilers3 tur*e$s3 and e(( la$ers. #he different disease s$ndromes and their control are described herein. Iol* infections in chic*s and poults due to E. coli are primar$ infections from exposure to the bacterium durin( the hatchin( process. E((shell contamination is the main reason for the exposure althou(h poor hatcher sanitation can lea>e a residue of E. coli from the pre>ious hatch. !osses normall$ occur durin( the first three da$s of life and present clinicall$ as normal si/ed chic*s on feed but dead. !esions of caseous $ol* material are often seen. Culture of this $ol* material is used for dia(nosis to differentiate from other possible bacterial causes such as "almonella spp.3 Pseudomonas spp.3 "taph. aureus3 etc. #reatment +ith antibiotics is normall$ not used because the course of the disease is so shortli>ed that b$ the time a dia(nosis is obtained3 the disease losses are nearl$ complete. Effecti>e pre>ention means onl$ utili/in( clean hatch e((s b$ usin( effecti>e nest mana(ement and sanitation techni?ues. Also3 the use of an effecti>e hatcher and hatcher tra$ sanitation pro(ram is important. #he use of Diamond ) @ri(inal HPC in feed can also be an aid as E. coli le>els in the breeder feces +ill be less3 reducin( nest contamination. E. coli infections secondar$ to respirator$ infections in broilers3 e((t$pe pullets and la$ers3 and tur*e$s3 is an important disease scenario. #he normal respirator$ tract has the capabilit$ to remo>e E. coli and other bacteria from deep in the respirator$ tract due to the action of ciliated epithelial cells linin( the trachea. 9n respirator$ disease situations such as Bordatella a>ium in tur*e$ poults3 infectious bronchitis in chic*ens3 4$coplasma Falli septic um infections in both tur*e$s and chic*ens3 the epithelial cells of the trachea and bronchi of the lun(s under(o chan(es that do not allo+ normal function of these cells. ,ence3 E. coli numbers increase and infection of the respirator$ tract occurs. #he initial lesion seen +hen E. coli infection is established is a caseous airsacculitis. #he deadl$ and chronic lesion seen +ith E. coli infection is a caseous peritonitis3 perihepatitis3 and=or pericarditis. ,ouse mana(ement practices can pla$ a role in the incidence and se>erit$ of E. coli infections. !o+ >entilation rates that lead to hi(h atmospheric ammonia3 increased litter moisture3 and hi(h dust counts in the air all +ill aid
in carr$in( more E. coli deep into the respirator$ tissues. 9ncreased litter moisture also has the effect of increasin( the sur>i>abilit$ and reproduction of E. Coli bacteria. E(( la$er colibacillosis is >ie+ed as a primar$ disease due to E. coli. 9t is most often seen at the onset of e(( production but can be seen at older a(es as +ell. #he sources of infection appear to be +ater3 dust3 or fecal material pec*ed off e?uipment. #he stress of recent mo>ement and the onset of e(( production appear to be factors in the onset of the disease earl$ in la$. @ne theor$ is that the $oun( la$ers e>erted reproducti>e tract durin( e(( la$in( is ?uite susceptible to infection +ith E. coli and the bacterium infects the bird b$ mo>in( retro(rade up the o>iduct. #ur*e$ poults suffer an E. coli related s$ndrome after >iral enteritis. #his is due to o>er(ro+th of E. coli in the intestine from poor di(estion of nutrients and a buildup of these undi(ested nutrients in the lo+er intestine. Poult death losses can be ?uite hi(h +ith lesions seen as a septicemia or caseous peritonitis3 perihepatitis3 and=or pericarditis. Antibiotic treatment of older floc*s infected +ith colibacillosis has met +ith much less success recentl$ than in the past due to +idespread antibiotic resistance and the lac* of ne+ and effecti>e antibiotics to ta*e their place. 'or example3 there is onl$ one antibiotic preparation a>ailable to treat bacterial infections in e(( la$ers in production. #he tetrac$clines and sulfa dru(s are a>ailable for use in broiler and tur*e$ floc*s. A >er$ effecti>e antibiotic3 enrofloxacin3 +as ta*en a+a$ from the industr$ b$ 'DA se>eral $ears a(o due to the illpercei>ed notion that enrofloxacin +as bein( used in feed or as a +idel$ used pre>entati>e medication and not as a therapeutic as intended. #reatment no+ in>ol>es supporti>e measures to aid in reducin( the le>el of infection for the remainin( floc* members as follo+s: )accination +ith the li>e E. coli >accineO 'o((in( %nebuli/in(& disinfectants such as )ir*on" or chlorine dioxideO "aniti/in( +ater +ith fi>e to 1 ppm chlorine or six to 12 ounces of iodine disinfectant per a (allon of stoc* solution metered at one ounce per (allon drin*in( +aterO Collectin( dead birds more fre?uentl$ to remo>e them as a source of infection in an the attempt to decrease the disease c$cleO eplacin( +et litter +ith dr$ in floor housesO Addin( an intestinal health aid such as Diamond ) @ri(inal HPC +ill (i>e some immediate boost of the immune s$stem +hile prolon(ed use +ill aid in impro>in( the microflora ma*eup. Pre>ention of E. coli infections is3 therefore3 the main control measure used. "e>eral pre>entati>e practices are a>ailable as follo+s: 9ntestinal health aids. "e>eral researchbac*ed products are on the mar*et. Diamond ) @ri(inal HPC has been sho+n to reduce E. coli le>els in the cecum +hen fed at recommended le>els and +ould aid in reducin( contamination le>els in the birds en>ironment and impro>e their response to in>adin( bacteria. er$ effecti>e in reducin( bacterial infections. )accination. #he li>e E. coli >accine has been a >er$ useful tool in e(( la$ers and is bein( e>aluated in broiler and tur*e$ floc*s. 9n e(( la$ers3 t+o to three doses are applied b$ spra$ durin( the (ro+in( period prior to housin(. Booster applications are (i>en to some floc*s prior to moltin(. )entilation practices. educin( ammonia le>els b$ pro>idin( the proper >entilation rates and temperatures throu(hout (ro+ for broilers +ill *eep litter dr$ and reduce the release of ammonia from the litter. eepin( the stored
manure dr$ in hi(hrise la$er houses is also important in reducin( ammonia. #he use of manure dr$in( fans in the pits of hi(hrise houses has been a (reat aid in reducin( the moisture of the manure piles. 4o>in( a(e of e(( la$ers. 4o>in( e(( la$er pullets at least one to t+o +ee*s prior to the onset of production +ill aid in (ettin( the birds microflora stabili/ed and the birds exposed to patho(ens in the ne+ la$er house en>ironment prior to the stress of e(( production. "preadin( out these stressors appears to reduce the problems +ith earl$ la$ E. coli problems in e(( la$ers.
M, RE4R/01 OF BRO/LER. After more than six months (ap 9 am postin( toda$. 9 ha>e completed three batches and th batch of rearin( of Broilers is (oin( on. As 9 said in m$ earlier postin(s 9 ha>e a contract of rearin( of Broiler Chic*en +ith )en*atesh+ara ,atcheries Pri>ate !imited. 'irst batch 9 incurred loss3 2nd and -rd batches 9 (ot profit. !oss occurred due to inexperience3 improper feed mana(ement and ,ouse mana(ement. As per ),P! %)en*atesheara ,atcheries P ltd& norms the standard Production Cost is s. 65 per ( and the$ +ill (i>e s. per F as earin( Char(es if our production cost is as abo>e. 9f production cost exceeds standard PC i.e.3 s. 65 per *(3 farmer +ill be penalised b$ reducin( 1 paisa for e>er$ 2 paisa cost. Ex 9f production cost is s. 66=3 the rearin( char(es s. -.5 +ill be (i>en. #he penalt$ +ill be limited to maximum one rupee deduction from standard C. "imilarl$3 if production cost decreases the incenti>e +ill be (i>en. ate incenti>es also (i>en if mar*et price is more than s.7= E>er$thin( +ent a(ainst me in '9"# BA#C,. ecei>ed a small amount from ),P!3 +hich is less than +hat 9 expended. 'or the 2nd and -rd batches 9 ha>e ta*en care and >i(ilant about the health of Chic*s and recei>ed (ood amounts. #he farmer has to pro>ide the follo+in( facilities..... 1. "hed 2. e +ater3 feed3 medicine etc 6. Po+er suppl$ %for me 2,P& 7. Death pit %Disposal of dead birds& 8. emo>al of !itter. 0. "ide curtains 1 Bruders 11. "prin*lers etc 9 ha>e faced problem +ith po+er failures3 "hortcircuits3 contaminated +ater3