50 Mnemonics In Gynecology and Obstetrics
2011-2012
Eslam Ali Hamed Ain Shams University
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious , the Most Merciful. Introduction The only purpose of this work is for Allah sake . If there is any grace on me that'll be from Him only. So I seek nothing from this work but His blessing and mercy. I pray to Allah that this book provide you with useful knowledge. Please don’t forget me , my family and my colleague Dr. Alaa Abd El-Hady in your prayers may Allah forgive his sins and place him the highest places in Heaven. At the end All praises be to Allah.
The author
[email protected]
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1* Def. of normal labor : SMS ABC VIP Single Mature Spontaneous Alive Birth canal Complications "no" Vertex Interference "no" Prolongation "no" 2* True Labor Pain : HERPS Harder uterus Effective for cx dilatation Regular Painful Sedation and enema increase it 3* Signs Of Placental Separation : BEGGS Bulge "suprapubic" Elongation of the cord Gush of blood Globular uterus "harder, higher" Straussman sign 4* DD. Of Frozen Pelvis : PETS PID Endometriosis TB, Tumors Surgeries ٣
5* Endometriosis : ENDOMETRIOSIS Estrogenemia Nullipara Dysuria , Dyschazia , Deep pain , Deep Dysparuria , Dysmenorrhea Ovarian cyst "chocolate" Menorrhagia , Meyer's theory Endoscopy "diagnosis , ttt" Thirties RVF uterus Infertility OCP " progestins" Secondary Spasmodic dysmenorrheal Implantation , Induction , Immunological theories Sampson theory 6* Indications for amniocentesis : BIG-Lung Billirubin Infection Genetics Lung maturity 7*Complications of sudden ROM in PHA : PAST Prolapse of the cord Abruptio placenta Splanchnic Shock Transposition of fetus
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8* DD. Of Hyperestrogenic state: FEED the PoPPy Fibroid Endometrial hyperplasia Endometriosis DUB PCO Precocious Puberty 9* Polycystic Ovarian syndrome : EVA LONGORIA Endometrial hyperplasia Vicious cycle "LH , estrogen" Anovulation LH "increased" Oligomenorrhea Necklace appearance by u/s Glucose intolerance Obese Rotterdam's def. Infertility Androgenism , Adam's criteria 10* Complications of cyst : MR. THIN Malignancy Rupture Torsion Hemorrhage INfection , Inflammation
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11* Causes of Amenorrhea after labor : LA CASA Lactational Another pregnancy Chiari Frommel synd. Asherman synd. Sheehan synd. Another cause of 2ry Amenorrhea
12* Antiphospholipid Ab synd. : ATRIAL Autoimmune Thrombosis Reccurent abortion IUGR Abrubtio placenta , Aspirin , Anticardiolipin Ab. LMW heparin , Lupus anticoagulant
13* Testicular feminization $ (Morris $): MORRIS Male "xy , hormones" Only fat in breasts Receptor insensitive to androgen Recessive "x-linked dis." Internal testis Sexy female ٦
14* Defending Egypt From Invasive Enemy Really Easy Soldier : Descent Engagment Flexion Internal rotation Extension Restitution External rotation Shoulders But if we sit on out BREECH : Defending Egypt Really Faked Descent Engagment Rotation Flexion 15* Functions of AF : WE-IMPACT Wash birth canal Excretion Infection "bacteriostatic" Mechanical trauma , Movement Pulmonary hypoplasia Adhesions Cx dilatation Temprature regulation
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16* Elevated maternal serum alfa feto pt. : HE-WRONG Hepatic anomalies Ectopic , multiple pregnancy Wrong date or calculation Renal anomalies Obstruction in urinary system Neural tube defect GIT atresia 17* Uterine prolapse operations : FLUSH Fothergill operation Le Forte operation Uterosacropexy Sacrospinous fixation Hystrectomy "VH & pelvic floor repair" 18* Progestins : NOR THIS MEDICATION LEAVES GESTATIONAL DISEASE NORMAL NORETHISterone MEDroxy p. acetate LEVOnorgestrel GESTodene DESOgestrel NORgestimate
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19* Functions of cervical mucous : SOAP Sperm capacitation Ovulation tests Ascending infections prevention Plug during pregnancy 20* Postmenopausal bleeding : MAGIC-HRT Malignancy "endo. cA" Atrophic endometritis General cause Infections Complications of prolapse HRT 21* Diagnostic uses of curettage : HOPE Hemorrhage " uterine bleeding for histopath." Ovulation test "secretory changes" Prolapse " exclude intrauterine pathology" Endometritis "e.g T.B." 22* Therapeutic uses of curettage : READ Retained products of conception Endometrial polypi Abortion "evacuate uterus" DUB 23* Congenital cervical malformations : APE Atresia Patulous internal Os Elongation ٩
24* Personal history : NORMAL Parity Name Occupation Residency Marital status Age Life style "special habits" Parity N.B. : if you are taking medical sheet rather than gyn. & obst. So it'll be NORMAL Sex
25* Five main symptoms of gyna. Sheet : Post Menopausal Bleeding Indicates Atrophic endometritis. Pain Mass Bleeding Infertility Amenorrhea 26* Clinical aspects of Ovulation : ROOMS Regular cycles Ovulatory Discharge Ovulatory spotting Midcyclic pain "Mittleschmerz" , Mastalgia Spasmodic dysmenorrheal ١٠
27* Investigations for Ovulation : CLEFT Palate Cervical mucous changes , vaginal smear LH surge , Laparoscopic view of CL Endometrial biopsy "secretory" Folliculometry "20 ml" Temperature "biphasic" Progesterone level " mid-luteal"
28* Uterine causes of abortion : STRAP Septate uterus Twins RVF Asherman $ Patulous Internal Os 29* Causes of proteinuria during pregnancy : FIGO False proteinuria " due to contamination" Infection of urinary tract Gestational proneinuria Orthostatic
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30* Causes of lower limb oedema : VALID Varicose veins Anasarca " hepatic, renal , nutritional , cardiac" Lymphedema Infection "cellulitis" DVT
31* Consideration s to decide between termination or conservation of pregnancy : MILD Maturity of fetus Intensity of signs and symptoms Labor or not Distressed fetus or not
32* Acute complications of a preterm baby : PAIR PDA Atelactesis Intracranial hemorrhage Retrolental fibroplasias
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33* Causes of polyhydraminos : Twins CHILDREN Twins Congenital malformations Hydrops fetalis Idiopathic "most common" , Infections Large placenta DM : most important" Rh sensitization Edema of the mother Neuromuscular incoordination 34* Risk factors for dizygotic twins : DRIFT Drugs " which inhibit or stimulate ovulation" Racial Increased age , parity Familial tendency Tall female 35* Placental functions : NEITHER BARRIER Nutrition Endocrinal Immunological Transfer waste products Hemopoietic Enzymatic Respiratory BARRIER ١٣
36* Abnormal shapes of placenta : Bi Bi CSF Bi-lobate Bi-partite Circumvallate Succenturiate Fenestrata
37* Causes of 1ry post-partum hemorrhage : TARDA Trauma Atony "most common" Retained placenta DIC Acute inversion
38* Causes of bleeding in early pregnancy : GLADE Gestational trophoblastic diseases Local causes Abortion Decidual hemorrhage Ectopic pregnancy
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39* DD. Of Uterine prolapse : EPIC Elongation of cervix Polyp "fibroid" Inversion of uterus Carcinoma of cervix
40* Criteria of diagnosing inevitable abortion " 2 out of 5 " : Did Rats Ever Beat Cats? Dilatation of Cx. " > 3 cm " Rupture of membranes Expulsion of products of conception Bleeding " > 7 days " Cramps despite narcotic analgesics
41* Uses of progesterone : SCALE Surgery in pregnancy Carcinoma of endometrium Abortion Luteal phase defect Endometriosis
42* premenstrual tension syndrome : MAJOR Mastalgia Abdominal fullness Joint pains Odd behavior Restlessness ١٥
43* Protective mechanisms of female genital system : NASA 3M No glands in vaginal epithelium Acidic PH " vagina " Stratified squamous epithelium " vagina " Apposition of libia & Ant. , Post walls of vagina Mucous of cervix " bactericidal " Menstruation Movement of cilia " tubes " 44* Functional overian cysts : GAS Gonadotrophins increase " cause " Asymptomatic unless complicated Spontaneous resolving , Small in size , less than Six cm. 45* Causes of ambiguous genitalia : CHALK Congenital adrenal hyperplasia Hermaphrodism Adrenal , overian tumours during pregnancy Luteoma of pregnancy Klinefelter's $ , Turner's $ 46* Constriction ring : 4A Any stage of labor Any part of uterus Appearance of hour glass " retained placenta " Amyl nitrite inhalation " treatment "
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47* Developmental causes of contracted pelvis : SONAR Small pelvis , Split pelvis Otto pelvis Naegele's pelvis Assimilation pelvis "High type" Robert's pelvis 48* Causes of DIC in obstetrics : I AM DIC Incompatibility transfusion " ABO system " Abruptio placenta , Amniotic fluid embolism Missed abortion Dextran infusion Intra-uterine infection Chorioamnionitis 49* Causes of deficient lactation : CHEW Constitutional underdeveloped breasts Hypoprolactinemia " shehaan $ " Emotional stresses W eakness of the mother 50* Causes of congenital hydrocephalus : CIA Chromosomal abnormalities " trisomy 18 " Infections " CMV , toxoplasmosis " Arnold Chiari syndrome
All praises be to Allah
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