Acterna FTTx / PON Seminar Singapore Feb. 25th Udo Fetzer Market Manager Fiber Optics email:
[email protected]
Agenda
FTTXs definitions
PON basics
Market view
PON standards
PON business case
Manufacturer approach
Acterna solutions for PON testing
Conclusion
What is PON ? Fiber Optics in Broadband Networks Q3
FTTx
Optical Distribution Network Optical Splitter G671
Internet
ONT
Leased line
Fiber To The Home
Optical fiber G652 Fiber To The Building ONT
Frame/cell relay
OLT
ONU
NT
Fiber To The Curb
Telephone
Twisted pair NT
ONU
Interactive video PON
OLT: Optical Line Termination ONU: Optical Network Unit
VDSL
ONT: Optical Network Termination NT: Network Termination
Fiber To The Cabinet
PON Basics • Passive Optical Network
ONT
fiber OLT
ONT
splitter
• OLT & ONTs are “active” and in buildings • Fiber and splitters are passive
ONT
• Single PON usually supports 32 subscriber points • Use less fiber than direct runs
How PON Works • All optical passive loop plant
• Significantly reduced CO wiring and space requirement • Significantly reduced plant OPEX • Easy upgrade and long plant life
1 1 Phone
ONU ONU Downstream broadcast
OLT OLT
1
1
2
P C
3 2
1
1
2
Upstream TDMA
3
T V
ONU ONU PBX 3
ONU ONU PC
4 Different types of PON Equipments • A-PON:
ATM PON
• B-PON:
Broadcast PON (Interactive video)
• E-PON:
Ethernet PON uses Ethernet transmission protocol (e.g VoIP for phone calls…)
• G-PON: Gigabit PON similar to A-PON but at higher rate (1.25 -2.5 Gbps)
Basic FTTx Architecture Video distr. center
Video Central Office
Data
Voice
Voice & Data Downstream 1490 nm Optical
OLT (Optical Line Terminal)
Video
Premise
1550 nm
ONT
Couplers (WDM)
(Optical Network Terminal)
Upstream 1310 nm
Optical Splitter
1x32 Or Cascade
Video Data POTS Coax Ethernet
Bandwidths & Services Upstream 1310 nm
Voice and Data @ 155 to 622 Mbps
1490 nm
Downstream
Voice and Data at 622 Mbps
1550 nm
Video
42 MHz
Analog TV
550 MHz
Digital TV
860 MHz
HD/VOD
FTTx IP Architecture
Central Office
Video Data Voice
Voice & Data & Video Downstream 1490 nm
OLT IP
(Optical Line Terminal)
Premise
ONT Upstream 1310 nm
(Optical Network Terminal) Optical Splitter
1x32 Or Cascade
Video Data POTS Coax Ethernet
B-PON Transmission Characteristics Service Networks Voice Data Video
OLT (Optical Line Terminal)
Voice/Data and Video 1490nm/1310nm, 1550nm
Voice Ethernet Video ONT
Optical Network Terminal
Passive Optical Splitter (1x32)
ONT Voice n x DS1s n x Ethernet Specials Video
Characteristics <20 km: 1 or 2 Channels downstream (1550/1490 nm) 1 Channel upstream (1310 nm) Power levels: +21dBm composite power (amplifier in OLT) Video: +20 dBm (at 1550nm video) Data/voice + 5 dBm (at 1490nm)
Broadband Service Capability Data: 622 Mbps Video: 860 MHz (~600 analog and digital channels; HDTV; VOD)
PON Activities Worldwide
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Why PON Worldwide 1 Gbit/s
2004
1 Gbit/s
10 Mbit/s
10 Mbit/s
256
1 kbit/s 1987
1992
‘No ge d e ling i a Tr
rs’ se u e vic
rke Ma
n tio a t c pe x te
f on i t ta ec p x te
e fix r fo
or
d
e bil o m
d an b ad b ro
nd ba d a bro
56
28 33
10 kbit/s
14. 4
100 kbit/s
rke a M
150 0
g ttin u C
ge ed
rs’ se u r we ‘Po
512
1 Mbit/s
2.4 9.6
Bit rate (kbit/s)
100 Mbit/s
100 Mbit/s
1997
2002
2007
2012
2017
Worldwide FTTP activities -
NA About 150K subscribers, 1M homes passed, mostly by small operators Verizon and SBC have selected vendors for the initial deployments Verizon plans to pass ~3M premises by 2005 SBC plans large field trials in 2004; deploy 300k homes per year beginning in 2005
LAM - No significant deployments - Telemax evaluating FTTP - Other operators in early evals
EU - About 400K FTTP subscribers in 2003 mostly by CLECs - Deployments by - Fastweb in Italy - ~130K subscribers - B2 in Sweden - ~ 100K subscribers - Growing Interest in FTTP from smaller/under served communities - Interest in triple play by PTTs
APAC - Strong governmental push (e.g. e-Japan Policy) - Mass deployment in Japan; NTT, SBB, and other carriers already deploy large numbers - NTT: 1.7M subs in Oct. 2004 NTT plans to invest US$48B to reach 30 Million subs by 2010 - SBB plans 300K subs in 2004 - China, Korea, & Australia in early stages of FTTP deployments - China big push by Olympic Games in Beijing
Fast Growth of PON OLT Hardware Worldwide PON OLT Hardware M anufacturer Revenue
PON OLT revenue • OLT is about 35% of OLT + ONT revenue
$736
$500 $250 $112 PO
N
LT O
CY03
CY04
CY05 Year
CY06
$0 CY07
Revenue ($M)
$750
• 556% CAGR 2003-07 • 3Q04:
56% Asia, 27% N.A.
• EPON strong in Asia • BPON strong in N.A.
APON, BPON, EPON, GPON
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Evolution of FTTx standards & products • ATM PON (APON) •
First PON standard, primarily business
• Broadband PON (BPON) •
Expanded version of APON, supporting WDM, survivability, dynamic upstream bandwidth allocation, higher upstream rates
• Ethernet PON (EPON) •
IEEE/EFM standard using Ethernet for packet data
•
1.25Gpbs up/downlink, DBA, OAM, etc
• GigaPON (GPON) •
Evolution of BPON to higher rates, choice of L2 support (Ethernet or ATM), enhanced security
Funtionality & bandwidth Early in adoption cycle
Standardized, adopted by market
GPON EPON
BPON APON Time
BPON Evolution Timeline 06/2003
RBOC Consortium (JPC) selects BPON for FTTP
1998-2002
G.983.1 – G983.7 ATM based BPON basic architecture and BPON enhancements and amendments
1996
G.982 - STM PON to support services Up to ISDN primary rate speeds
1995
FSAN Group is formed and work on PON standardization starts
1980s~1995
Proprietary PON system based on TDM technology
1982
First concept for PONs by British Telecom
GPON Evolution Timeline
2006~2010
Migration of BPON/EPONs to GPONs
2004
Standards compliant GPON field trials
04/2004
G.984.4 GPON ONT Management and Ctrl Interface (OMCI) spec
2003
G.984.1 – G984.3 General Characteristics of Gigabit-Capable PON
1998~2002
BPON Technology Standardization and Deployment.
EPON Evolution Timeline EPON deployments in Asia (Japan) 11/2004
NTT announces plan to spend $48B and upgrade 30 Million homes by 2010
10/2004
Yahoo!BB announce GigaBB EPON service
06/2004
IEEE802.3ah standard ratified
2002/03
IEEE802.3ah standardization enhancements
2001
IEEE802.3ah standardization start
Standards Overview IEEE EPON
ITU-T GPON
ITU-T BPON
Downstream Line Rates (Mb/s)
1250
1244.16 or 2488.32
Upstream Line Rates (Mb/s)
1250
155.52 or 622.08 or 1244.16 or 2488.32
155.52 or 622.08 or 1244.16 (am. 2) 155.52 or 622.08 (am. 1)
8b/10b
NRZ (+ scrambling)
NRZ (+ scrambling)
Addressing capability (min)
16
64
32
Addressing capability (max)
256
128
64
10 km or 20 km
60 km with 20 km max. diff. Logical reach between the farthest and Ethernet over GEM and/or ATM
20 km
Line coding
Logical reach Layer 2 protocol
TDM support
Number of traffic flows/ PON system Upstream bandwidth capacity (for IP data throughput ) OA&M and Management Downstream Security
Ethernet
ATM
TDM over Packet
Native TDM and/or TDM over ATM and/or TDM over Packet
TDM over ATM
Dep. on # of LLIDs / ONT
4096
256
<900 Mb/s
1160 Mb/s (for 1.244 Gb/s symmetrical)
500 Mb/s (for 622 Mb/s symmterical)
Eth OAM, optional SNMP
PL OAM + OMCI
PL OAM + OMCI
Open
AES (counter mode)
Churning or AES (am.2)
Video on PONs
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Video Services Over FTTx – RF Overlay Analog Encoders
Analog Channels
Network Capable of Supporting All Types of Video Services: • Analog Broadcast • Digital Broadcast and HDTV ONT • Video On Demand (VOD)
Digital Encoders
EDFA
Digital Channels Private Network
Video RF Mux
Receivers
Coax
FTTx Acces s
Digital Broadcast => STB is required ONT
Video optical transmitter
WDM OLT
Coax Broadcast and VOD => STB is required
IP Network
VOD Ethernet
Analog Broadcast => no STB required
Network VOD Server
ONT
Router Coax + Ethernet STB = Set Top Box (converts dig. Video into analog video)
Leverages cable economies of scale and offers full suite of services
IP Video over FTTx Network VoD Server
IP Video Middleware
FTTx Acces OLTs
Receiver Digital Encoder w/ IP
IP Network HSI + VIDEO services
ONT GigE
Digital Encoder w/ IP
• Local Content
• •
1490nm for downstream/1310nm for upstream for all services Video streams transported along with voice and data with assigned QoS IGMP Supported in OLT for SDV
Offers the best long term solution for video and potential competitive advantages against Cable MSOs
IP STB
PON Business Case
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Japan Triple Play PON Business Case 1:8 split
OLT Internet T E M S Y
K N L I
T A D
LINK DATA OLT 1 OLT 2 OLT 3OLT 41 2 34ACTIVE N L A
T E M S Y
K N L I
LINK DATA OLT 1 OLT 2 OLT 3 OLT 41 2 34ACTIVE
T A D
N L A
T E M S Y
K N L I
T A D
LINK DATA OLT 1OLT 2 OLT 3 OLT 41 2 3 4ACTIVE N L A
LINK DATA OLT 1OLT 2 OLT 3 OLT 41 2 3 4ACTIVE
E T S R
LINK DATA OLT 1 OLT 2 OLT 3OLT 41 2 3 4ACTIVE N L A
E T S R
N L A
E T S R
ONU
E T S R
E T S R
LINK DATA OLT 1 OLT 2 OLT 3 OLT 14 2 3 4ACTIVE N L A
E T S R
1:4 split
Central Office
Revenue Model (per month) Installation Basic Service Highspeed optical access Internet ISP Service Terminal Rental Total Basic Service Optional Service WLAN IPVoice IPTV (basic) Total Optional Service Total Monthly Revenue
Home
Per Sub ($) Free $55 $10 $5 $70 $5 $10 $35 $50 $120
Est. 8 month payback time
Cost Model (per month) Fixed Cost OLT ONU IPTV Headend IP STB VoIP Infrastructure Installation Total Fixed Cost Recurring Cost Fiber/Coupler Rental Service/Provision/other Total Recurring cost
Per Sub ($) $50 $150 $50 $150 $50 $300 $750 $15 $10 $25
Manufacturers Approach
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Alcatel Application 7340 FTTU – Triple Play Services over fiber Passive Outside Plant
Central Office Internet
IP Video
NGN Voice
GigE
IP Aggregation & Service Routers
GigE
OC-n TDM Voice
Voice GW RF Video
730x DSLAM 7330 FTTN
Single Family Unit
20 km (12.4 mi.)
7340 FTTU
Voice, Data, & Video
Splitters
WDM
RF Video 1550 nm Amplifier
End Users
7340 ONTs
Multi Dwelling Unit
Multi Tenant Building
Optional
Many deployment models - One access platform Offering scalability, QoS, and operational continuity
Small Business Unit
Acterna Approach & Solutions for PON testing
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FTTx: T&M Requirements • Construction and Installation Testing • Fiber characterization: => PON-OTDR test of: fiber, splices, connectors and splitters at 1310/1490/1550nm • Qualification of installed equipment: => OLTS, OBR optical loss testing and optical return loss testing at 1310/1490/1550nm verification of fiber lengths
• PON Service Activation Testing and Troubleshooting • Downstream power measurement => PON-PM with selective 1490/1550nm power meter • Upstream power measurement => PON-PM with ‘through-mode’ selective power meter at 1310nm • Service testing: IP testing • Video testing • Fault isolation and localization with OTDR => PON-OTDR
FTTx Measurement Challenges & Solutions Downstream power measurement challenges • Combined wavelengths on the fiber • Two separate signals at different wavelengths / power levels e.g: 1490nm 622Mbps at -7 dBm 1550nm analog CATV at +13 dBm • Standard PM not suitable => Wavelength selective PM with 2 detectors and high isolation filters (termination mode)
1490 / 1550nm
OLT
OLP-57/01
OLP-57/01
Meter 1 1490nm
Meter 22 1550nm
FTTx Upstream Measurement Challenges • Upstream channel at 1310nm only activated by downstream signal => OLT ONT communication must be established (through mode) • Upstream signal active only in predefined time slots (framed) => burst mode signals • Standard average PM not suitable
Downstream voice/data cont. mode
ONT sel. PM
OLT Upstream TDMA burst mode
FTTx Complete Solution • Standard power meter not suitable • OLP-57/02 Three wavelength selective PM • can handle downstream at 1490 and 1550nm • can handle upstream at 1310nm • ‘through-mode’ capability (1 input + 1 output) • ‘burst-mode’ capability 1490 / 1550nm
OLP-57/02
OLT
1490 / 1550nm
ONT
1310nm
1310nm
Meter 3
Meter 1
Meter 22
1310nm
1490nm
1550nm
OLP-57/02
Fiber Plant Construction Head End
Video Central Office
Data
Voice
Premise
OLT (Optical Line Terminal)
Optical Couplers (WDM)
ONT (Optical Network Terminal)
Video Data POTS Coax Ethernet
Testing Includes: • Bi-directional insertion loss testing, optical budget verification (power level for each wavelength)
OFI 2000 Loss Test Set
• Bi-directional ORL testing 1310/1490/1550nm • OTDR for troubleshooting
MTS-5100/ TB-8000 OTDR
Fiber Construction: OTDR testing ? • Installation: Not required as potentially one splice along the link. So only one measurement from the OLT could be done to qualify the splice close to the splitter
• Maintenance & Troubleshooting: OTDR will however be used for trouble shooting purpose 1. Test will be performed from the OLT if issue between the OLT splitter (for simple analysis) 2. Test will be performed from the leg with launch cable if issue on the splitter or after it (for simple analysis) 3. When Digital video only will be available, in-service OTDR measurement could be possibly performed for troubleshooting
ONT
OLT OTDR (1)
OTDR (2)
OTDR Testing through splitters: Localization of a fault • Localization of a fault: What the OTDR sees... Splitter type
Global Insertion loss
1 1 1 1 1
3.5 7 10 14 17
:2 :4 :8 :16 :32
Full break on a fiber leg, at a distance in which the other branches are seen by the OTDR 1.5 dB 0.62 dB 0.29 dB 0.14 dB 0.07 dB
1 dB loss on a fiber leg, at a distance in which the other branches are seen by the OTDR 0.44 dB 0.21 dB 0.10 dB 0.05 dB 0.025 dB
3 dB loss on a fiber leg, at a distance in which the other branches are seen by the OTDR 1.02 0.45 0.21 0.10 0.05
dB dB dB dB dB
OTDR can only detect a 1 dB loss up to 1:8 splitter (0.10 dB is the minimum accurate detection threshold)
? OLT OTDR
ONT
Central Office PON Installations Head End
Video Central Office
Data
Voice
Premise
OLT (Optical Line Terminal)
Optical Couplers (WDM)
ONT (Optical Network Terminal)
Video Data POTS Coax Ethernet
Testing Includes: • Testing at 1490/1550nm Power Level and ORL testing Selective power meter
OLP-57/01 ORL-55
Head End Installations Head End
Video Central Office
Data
Voice
Premise
OLT (Optical Line Terminal)
Optical Couplers (WDM)
Testing Includes: • Verify incoming digital video content from video source(s) Base band Digital Video (MPEG-2 Layer analysis) • Detect MPEG multiplexing (if local VOD or HD & Ad insertion) Verify video after local multiplexing/insertion => RF frequency response, power levels, digital video quality • Troubleshoot and isolate coax, video signal issues in facility
ONT (Optical Network Terminal)
Video Data POTS Coax Ethernet DTS-200
RSAM-5600
PSAM-1500
I&M Workgroup Testing Head End
Video Central Office
Data
Voice
Premise
OLT (Optical Line Terminal)
Optical Couplers (WDM)
ONT (Optical Network Terminal)
Video Data POTS Coax Ethernet
I&M Testing Includes: • Fiber Drop, Power Level testing 1490/1550nm • 1310 transmit power check in “through” mode
OLP-57/01 OLP-57/02
• Video (CATV) signal testing (coax I/F) Video (IP-video) signal testing at Ethernet I/F • Data Services testing (Ethernet I/F. PPPoE) ISP access, Web Access, FTP Through-put
PSAM-1500
ACTERNA PON Product Portfolio PSAM-1500 (Video + Data testing) • Cable Modem Service Activation
• Analog and Digital TV • Ethernet Service Testing • Voice over IP
MTS-5100 (OTDR) • 1310/1550nm PON module • Fault locator mode
OLP-57 (Selective Power Meter) • Selective wavelengths • Through mode for up-stream wavelength
HST-3000 (Data+ IP Video) •XDSL •Ethernet Connectivity •POTS •IP Video •VoIP •Copper
OFI 2000 – (Full Optical Test) •Source/PM/ORL/Talk Set •1310/1490/1550
DTS-(Digital Video and Ethernet) • MPEG Stream Analysis • Gig-E and QAM Interface
Conclusions
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Page 39
PON & FTTX Conclusions • Many types of FTTX, not all are PON • PONs satisfy basic demand for bandwidth into the future • BPON • EPON • GPON • Activities for BPON in North America, EPON in Asia • Video is key service and technology: • RF TV on ITU wavelength (1550nm) • IPTV over data (1490nm)
• Rapidly growing market
Thank You
