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Precambrian
Archeozoic
Palaeozoic Palaeozoic
Proterozoic Cambrian Ordovician Ordovician Silurian Devonian Devonian Mississippian Pennsylvanian Pennsylvanian Permian
Mesozoic
Triassic Tria ssic Jurassic Cretaceous
Cenozoic
Tertiary
Quarternary
Metazoic
Posthomic
Thermocepian
5 billion years ago; the Earth ’s crust is formed, green algae r eleases oxygen into the atmosphere. 2.5 billion years ago; bacteria and protozoans feed on the algae. 570 million years years ago; the age of marine invertebrates, shellfish and urchins. 500 million years years ago; primitive fish emerge, as well as seaweed seaweed and fungi are. 425 million years years ago; shellfish are dominant, plants and fungi are growing on land. 405 million years ago; the age of fishes prevails, the first true amphibians form, along with insects and some small animals. 345 million years years ago; the age of amphibians begins, with shallow seas, lowlands and fern-covered forests. 310 million years years ago; ago; warm climate, swamps, coal forests, the first reptiles emerge. 280 million years years ago; coniferous coniferous forests arise, a number of marine invertebrates go extinct. 230 million milli on years ago; active volcanoes, and the age of Dinosaurs begins. 190 million years years ago; the first true dinosaurs emerge and get larger, mammals and birds also first emerge. 140 million years years ago; last of the dinosaurs roams the Earth, flowering plants evolve, and insects. 65 million years ago; the age of man is in it’s earliest stage, true mammals emerge and take over. The ages are as follows: follows: Paleocene: Paleocene: 65 million years ago; the age of small mammals, forests and deserts paint the continents and separa te each other. Eocene: 54 million years ago; the dawn of recent life, high sea levels, island continents, and la rge herbivores emerge. Oligocene: Oligocene: 38 million years years ago; large l arge herbivores rule, and begins the emerging of swift moving carnivores. Miocene: 23 million years ago; the continents settle as we know them today. This is the longest era of the Cenozoic. Pliocene: 5 million years ago; the first apes evolve from monkeys, more of the modern animals we know today also set a place in the world. 2 million years years ago; recent times begins, beginning with the Pleistocene epoch, which was the beginning of the Ice Age, when the first humans emerged, to today, where humans dominate. Believed to be 14 million milli on years ahead; ahead ; the age of mammals mamma ls begins, extensive forests, very large trees, long lived flowering and fruiting plants, large, swift-moving and highly intelligent mammals emerge. Believed Believed to be 70 million years years ahead; the last large mammals, the continents as we know them collide in one or two big land masses, oceans dominate once again.
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Key to Terms USSR: What we know today as Russia, and surrounding countries. Eurasia: combination of Europe and Asia. Afro-European Mtns: The mountain range that shoots up in the Mediterranean area when Africa collides with southern Europe. GBM: Great Barrier Mountains. The mountain range that shoots up when Australia and all nearby islands collide with southeastern Asia. Lemuria: The island separated by the Nile River (soon to be the Nile Channel) from Africa. San Diego Island: Off the coast of western USA, when the states of Washington, Oregon and California separate from the rest of the country. Batavian Islands: What we know today as the Hawaiian Islands. Pecaus Islands: Island chain off the coast of Australia. Amazonia: The entire Amazon jungle region.
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order: ARTIODACTYLIA; Family: F ORMICEDERIDAE ORMICEDERIDAE (Est. 1994) Time period: 30-50 million years y ears AM. G ENUS : V ERRIS ENUS : V ERRIS
V. ineptus (hairy ineptus (hairy ant hog); Eurasia. V. merus (moustached merus (moustached ant hog); India and China. V. porcinus (common porcinus (common ant hog); Europe, USSR and Great Britain. G ENUS : F ORMICEDERUS ENUS : F ORMICEDERUS
F. barbatum (bearded barbatum (bearded turmi); southwestern Africa. F. paladens (turmi); paladens (turmi); central Africa. ENUS : P ROCEROSUS G ENUS : P ROCEROSUS
P. elephanasus (zarande elephanasus (zarander); r); Guinea, Ivory Coast, and Senegal. P. strigilis (slender strigilis (slender necked zarander);eastern zarander);eastern African rainforests. P. zebra (striped zebra (striped zarander); Lemuria. G ENUS : P HYLLOGLOTTUS ENUS : P HYLLOGLOTTUS
P. setilingua (bristle setilingua (bristle tongued turmi); Lemuria. G ENUS : OPLIZOCHOERUS ENUS : O
O. exuberus (common exuberus (common armored hog); Afro-European Mtns. O. pusillus (lesser pusillus (lesser armored hog); Great British Isles. O. quadrichavliodontas (4-tusked quadrichavliodontas (4-tusked armored hog); Indo-China. O. rhinoceroides (armored rhinoceroides (armored hog); Europe. O. spectabilis (asian spectabilis (asian armored hog); Asia, India, upper GBM.
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ROMADIDAE (Est. 1997) order: ARTIODACTYLIA; Family: D ROMADIDAE
Time period: 40-60 million years y ears AM ENUS : D ROMADA G ENUS : D ROMADA
D. callotis ; Uruguay to Argentina. D. cunicularis ; Amazonia. D. eustrophus ; southern USA. D. macronurus ; southern USA U SA and northern Mexico. D. timidus ; Central America to t o Amazonia. G ENUS : B ASILOTRAGUS ENUS : B
B. comus ; Amazonia. B. oiostolus ; Amazonia. B. othus ; Chile to Argentina. B. striatus ; Peru to Argentina. G ENUS : N EODROMAS ENUS : N EODROMAS
N. armatus ; Germany, Austria to Scandinavia. N. brunneus ; most of southern and central Europe. N. getulus ; Scandinavia. Scandinavia. N. interpres ; USSR to Siberia. N. monax ; Mongolia, northwestern China. N. ochrogenys ; southern China and northern India. N. spilosoma ; eastern Europe, western USSR. N. subjubas ; central China. N. woodruffi ; Indochina. G ENUS : S TRIGODROMAS ENUS : S TRIGODROMAS
S. anomalus ; Nepal and northern India. S. flammifer ; Indochina. S. griseus ; northern GBM. S. rutilus ; southern India. ENUS : E PICTENODROMA G ENUS : E PICTENODROMA
E. brochus ; southern China. G ENUS : E UPATHES ENUS : E UPATHES
E. europaeus ; throughout Europe. E. opulens ; eastern Europe. ENUS : M EDUSAEUS G ENUS : M EDUSAEUS
M. admugio ; Afro-european Mtns. M. aequabilis ; northern Africa. M. celeropus ; northern Africa into Arabia. M. dicaculus ; northern and central Africa. ENUS : C OELOGNATHUS G ENUS : C OELOGNATHUS
C. gomphus ; western USSR. C. innoxius ; southern Europe, Caucasian hills. C. nuper ; Afro-european Mtns.
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ODENTIA; Family: S IVASCIURIDAE IVASCIURIDAE (Est. 1997) Order: R ODENTIA
Time period: 50-100 million years AM ENUS : G ENUS : A ARDILLOPS
A. atrata ; northern GBM. A. elephans ; southern China. A. giganteus ; India, Indochina. ENUS : T YLOSCIURUS G ENUS : T YLOSCIURUS
T. antilopinus ; central China. T. giraffa ; southern s outhern Korean Province. Province. T. hadrys ; northern China and Mongolia. T. rostratus ; Siberia to USSR. ENUS : P INGARDILLUS G ENUS : P INGARDILLUS
P. inornatus ; northern GBM. G ENUS : S IVASCIURUS ENUS : S IVASCIURUS
S. concolor ; southern GBM. S. gracilicaudis ; northern GBM to northeastern Australia. S. hypomelas ; southern GBM, northern Australia. S. ornithopus ; northeastern Australia. S. suillus ; central GBM. G ENUS : A ALTISCIURUS ENUS :
A. bovinus ; north central USA. A. sondaicus ; southern USA. A. verrucosus ; southeastern USA. G ENUS : M ETASCIURILLUS ENUS : M ETASCIURILLUS
M. bubaloides ; Central America. M. inermis ; southern Mexico. M. salvanius ; southern USA, northern Mexico. M. sciurocamelus ; Central America. G ENUS : OMNISCIURUS ENUS : O
O. dammah ; Amazonia. O. grimmia ; Uruguay to Argentina. O. grunniens ; Chile and Argentina. O. taurus ; Peru to Argentina. G ENUS : A ARDIELLA ENUS :
A. saltiana ; Amazonia. G ENUS : M YSCIOUROS ENUS : M YSCIOUROS
M. caprosciurus ; Amazonia. M. crispus ; Amazonia. M. taxicolor ; Amazonia.
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DENTATES ; Family: M YRMECOPHAGIDAE YRMECOPHAGIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: E DENTATES
Time period: Age of Man to 40 mil lion years AM. ENUS : M YRMEVENARIUS G ENUS : M YRMEVENARIUS
M. amphibius (swimming amphibius (swimming anteater); Chile to Argentina. G ENUS : M YRMECOPHAGUS ENUS : M YRMECOPHAGUS
M. megalonyx (long megalonyx (long clawed anteater); Amazonia. M. ornatus (ornate ornatus (ornate anteater); anteater); Argentina and Chile. M. recens (plains recens (plains anteater); southern Argentina. M. vittatus ; Peru to Chile. G ENUS : M ONTANOPHAGUS ENUS : M ONTANOPHAGUS
M. monticola (mountain monticola (mountain anteater); Chilean Andes. ENUS : F ORMICIARCTOS G ENUS : F ORMICIARCTOS
F. castanococcinus (rufus castanococcinus (rufus ant-bear); Amazonia. Amazonia. F. centralis (central centralis (central american ant-bear); Central America. F. folmeri (hispanolian folmeri (hispanolian ant-bear); Hispanolian Is. F. littoralis (island littoralis (island ant-bear); San Diego Is. F. sobria (temperate sobria (temperate ant-bear); ant-bear); central c entral USA. G ENUS : V IRGULTARCTOS ENUS : V IRGULTARCTOS
V. arborealis (jungle arborealis (jungle ant-bear); Amazonia. Amazonia. ENUS : M YRMARCTELLA G ENUS : M YRMARCTELLA
M. nalopi ; Amazonia. M. pygmaeus (pygmy pygmaeus (pygmy ant-bear); Central America. M. sawilchiki (sawilchick’s pygmy ant -bear); Peru.
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ENARTHRA; Family: D ASYPODIDAE ASYPODIDAE (Est. 1996) Order: X ENARTHRA
Time period: Age of Man to 50 million mil lion years AM. Separated into 2 sub-families: Dasypodinae Thoracolagus Dasypus
Dasyventrinae Dasyventris Grammoclavia
ENUS : T HORACOLAGUS G ENUS : T HORACOLAGUS
T. villosus (lesser villosus (lesser hairy armadillo); Peru to Chile. T. williamsi ; Chile and Argentina. G ENUS : D ENUS : D ASYPUS
D. australis (austral australis (austral armadillo); southern Argentina. D. funereus (central funereus (central american armadillo); Central America. D. hybridus (bicolored hybridus (bicolored armadillo); Chile and Ar gentina. D. novemcinctus (9-banded novemcinctus (9-banded armadillo); USA to t o Amazonia. G ENUS : D ENUS : D ASYVENTRIS
D. clavifascia (great clavifascia (great horned armadillo); Argentina. Ar gentina. G ENUS : G RAMMOCLAVIA ENUS : G RAMMOCLAVIA
G. glaberopus (naked glaberopus (naked footed armadillo); central Brazil. G. viridior (green viridior (green armadillo); Brazil to Peru.
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RELATEBRATA; Family: C HOEROCABALLIDAE HOEROCABALLIDAE (Est. 1998) Order: T RELATEBRATA
Time period: 5-50 million years AM. ENUS : C HOEROCABALLUS G ENUS : C HOEROCABALLUS
C. australis; Mexico australis; Mexico to Central America. C. chontrurus ; southeastern USA, Mexico, Central America. C. tridactylus ; western USA. ENUS : T ERAZODUS G ENUS : T ERAZODUS
T. aceros (flat aceros (flat tipped terazod); Eurasia. T. asiatica (asian asiatica (asian terazod); Asia, China, India. T. brummi ; western Asia, travels into western USA. T. ceratifer (terazod); ceratifer (terazod); South African Province. T. hipparion (maned hipparion (maned terazod); Central African Rainforests. T. latigens (western latigens (western terazod); Europe. T. mongoliensis (desert mongoliensis (desert terazod); Mongolian Desert region. G ENUS : R OPALACODAS ENUS : R OPALACODAS
R. audax (spiked audax (spiked clubtail); eastern Africa. R. fustis (jungle fustis (jungle clubtail); central African rainforests. R. lemuriensis (lemurian lemuriensis (lemurian clubtail); Lemuria. R. major (big major (big clubtail); South African Province. R. paradoxus (clubtail); paradoxus (clubtail); central to south Africa, particularly abundant in Angola.
ODENTIA; Family: H EITOSTIIDAE EITOSTIIDAE (Est. 2002) Order: R ODENTIA
Time period: 5-10 million years AM G ENUS : H EITOSTIUM ENUS : H EITOSTIUM
H. ceratops (swamphorn); ceratops (swamphorn); Amazon River system.
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RELATEBRATA; Family: T HERAPEDIDAE HERAPEDIDAE (Est. 1993) Order: T RELATEBRATA
Time period: 10-60 million years y ears AM Separated into 3 sub-families: Geotraginae Geotragus Brittonia Vehemens Dichoceros
Therapedinae Dendromillops Neohippus Oreogale Labiocheilus Equitragus Therapes
Chontronurus Tachypus Mancho Jivetta Cursomys Anabracchium
ENUS : G EOTRAGUS G ENUS : G EOTRAGUS
G. albonosus (northern albonosus (northern jivet); Amazonia and Central America. G. argenteniensis (southern argenteniensis (southern jivet); Argentina to Chile. G ENUS : D ENDROMILLOPS ENUS : D ENDROMILLOPS
D. parvus (leaf parvus (leaf rans); central and western USA. ENUS : N EOHIPPUS G ENUS : N EOHIPPUS
N. jubatus (maned jubatus (maned hippivet); Europe to north Africa. N. tridactylus (3 tridactylus (3 toed hippivet); Brittish Columbia and northern USA. G ENUS : BRITTONIA ENUS : B
B. planinares (mountain planinares (mountain hippivet); Virunga Mtns. ENUS : V EHEMENS G ENUS : V EHEMENS
V. australis (3-horned australis (3-horned xenus); valleys valleys of GBM, Australia. Aust ralia. V. ptiloceros (feather-horned ptiloceros (feather-horned xenus); xenus); northern Australia. G ENUS : OREOGALE ENUS : O
O. flavescens (golden flavescens (golden mountain rans); Andes Mtns. O. mexicanus (volcano mexicanus (volcano rans); Western USA, Mexico and Central America. G ENUS : L ABIOCHEILUS ENUS : L
L. peruvianus (peruvian peruvianus (peruvian mountain rans); Peruvian La Montana. G ENUS : E QUITRAGUS ENUS : E QUITRAGUS
sub-genus: Niveus E. arcticus (arctic arcticus (arctic thicktail); north Canada, Alaska and north Asia. sub-genus: Equitragus E. gracilis (graceful gracilis (graceful thicktail); southern Argentina and Chile. G ENUS : D ICHOCEROS ENUS : D ICHOCEROS
D. cristatus (hard-muzzled cristatus (hard-muzzled horned rans); Amazonia. Amazonia. G ENUS : T HERAPES ENUS : T HERAPES
sub-genus: Therapes T. australis (australian australis (australian plains rans); Australia and New Guinea. sub-genus: Celerihyrax T. clarki ; USSR to India. T. rotundus (northern rotundus (northern plains rans); Asia Minor, India and China. T. torquatus (masked torquatus (masked plains rans); China, India, northern GBM. ENUS : C HONTRONURUS G ENUS : C HONTRONURUS
C. macrotis (long macrotis (long eared thicktail); Chile to Peru.
Hylophaginae Genaceros Hylophaga Dolichotherapes
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G ENUS : G ENACEROS ENUS : G ENACEROS
G. rex (king rex (king juncus); Arizona, Mexico, New Mexico, Mexico, Texas. G ENUS : D OLICHOTHERAPES ENUS : D OLICHOTHERAPES
D. fasciatocaudis (whiptail fasciatocaudis (whiptail juncus); Colombia, Colombia, Venezuela to Florida, including islands in between. between. D. oklahomensis (american oklahomensis (american juncus); O Oklahoma, klahoma, Texas, Texas, Louisiana. G ENUS : H YLOPHAGA ENUS : H YLOPHAGA
H. kylei (kyle’s wood rans); New Guinea, GBM. G ENUS : T ENUS : T ACHYPUS
T. atlanticus (atlantic, atlanticus (atlantic, or eastern, racer); eastern USA and South America. T. cingulatus (slender cingulatus (slender tailed racer); Eurasia. T. erythronotus (red-backed erythronotus (red-backed racer); valleys valleys of GBM to northern Aus Australia. tralia. T. ifati (occellated ifati (occellated racer); northern Africa to southern Europe. T. metae (african metae (african racer); Africa, south of Sahara. T. occidentalis (pacific occidentalis (pacific racer); western USA and south America to Australia. T. peregrinus (europe peregrinus (european an racer); Great Brittain, Br ittain, Europe. T. phillipsi (phillips’ racer); central and southern South America. T. primigenium (striped primigenium (striped racer); Peru to Chile. T. stabilis (asiatic stabilis (asiatic racer); Asia, including China and Mongolia. T. varius (chequered varius (chequered racer); central and southern South America. G ENUS : M ENUS : M ANCHO
M. crassicaudatus (thick crassicaudatus (thick tailed t ailed mancho); Amazonia. M. gigas (giant gigas (giant mancho); East Indies. M. ornatus (marbled ornatus (marbled mancho, or water rans); Amazonia, Amazonia, especially in Peruvian/ Peruvian/ Bolivian region. G ENUS : J J IVETTA ENUS : IVETTA
J. acroleucas (eurasian acroleucas (eurasian jivet); Europe to Asia, China C hina and northern india. J. jivetta (african jivetta (african jivet); central and southern Africa. ENUS : C URSOMYS G ENUS : C URSOMYS
C. longipes (strick); longipes (strick); Argentina to Chile. G ENUS : A ANABRACCHIUM ENUS :
A. struthiomimoides (wakka struthiomimoides (wakka); ); Peru to Argentina.
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RELATEBRATA; Family: M EGACOLLIDAE EGACOLLIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: T RELATEBRATA
Time period: 40-100 million years AM ENUS : F OLICAPTUS G ENUS : F OLICAPTUS
F. arborspatium (short arborspatium (short nosed anacoll); Argentina and Chile. F. glottovolva (amazo glottovolva (amazon n short nosed anacoll); central Amazon. F. phyllovorax (long phyllovorax (long tongued short nosed anacoll); southwestern s outhwestern Argentina. F. vocis (vocal vocis (vocal short nosed anacoll); western Amazonia. G ENUS : M EGACOLLIS ENUS : M EGACOLLIS
sub-genus: Megacollis M. corpulentus (chilean corpulentus (chilean square lipped anacoll); Argentina and Chile. M. peruvianus (peruvia peruvianus (peruvian n square lipped li pped anacoll); Peru to Bolivia. M. septentrionalis (northern septentrionalis (northern square lipped anacoll); Guyana to northern Brazil. sub-genus: Missa M. asiatica (arctic asiatica (arctic anacoll); Mongolia to northern USA. M. europaeus (eurasian europaeus (eurasian anacoll); Great Brittain, Europe, USSR. ENUS : F EREAMANUS G ENUS : F EREAMANUS
F. proboscideus (elephant proboscideus (elephant anacoll); anacoll); central c entral USA. G ENUS : E LAPHACODAS ENUS : E LAPHACODAS
E. altus (long altus (long legged sharp lipped anacoll); southern USA, eastern Mexico. Mexico. E. carperes (short carperes (short toed sharp lipped anacoll); western USA, Mexico. ENUS : M ANACAPISTRUM G ENUS : M
M. maximus (prehensile maximus (prehensile lipped anacoll); northeastern USA. G ENUS : A ASTRAPETHERIUM ENUS :
A. magnus ; Surinam to Venezuela. G ENUS : C ERVILECTICULA ENUS : C ERVILECTICULA
C. arcticus (arctic arcticus (arctic anacoll); northwestern USA. C. gigas (europea gigas (european n giant anacoll); Mongolia to USSR, Europe to northern Africa. Afric a. C. immanis (eastern immanis (eastern anacoll); eastern USA. C. mongoliensis (chinese mongoliensis (chinese anacoll); China and Mongolia. ENUS : G ENUS : A ALTODEPASCIUM
A. longicollis longicollis (long (long necked browsing anacoll); central African rainforests. A. ophiurus (slender ophiurus (slender tailed anacoll); Lemuria. G ENUS : P ROBOSCIFEROUS ENUS : P ROBOSCIFEROUS
P. altonasus (long altonasus (long nosed anacoll); central and southern Africa. G ENUS : R ENUS : R AMUBASIUM
R. excelsus (brancher); excelsus (brancher); southern Europe, western USSR.
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ODENTIA; Family: O REIPPIDAE REIPPIDAE (Est. 1995) Order: R ODENTIA
Time period: 50-100 million years AM ENUS : O G ENUS : OREIPPUS
O. caballus (kocano caballus (kocanoam); am); Chilean C hilean Andes. G ENUS : G YMNOPHRYS ENUS : G YMNOPHRYS
G. azurus (shala-shala); azurus (shala-shala); Peruvian Andes. G ENUS : ORNATOPHRYS ENUS : O
O. cristotis (ear cristotis (ear tufted shala-shala); Chile and Argentina. O. pallidus (musky pallidus (musky shala-shala); Argentina. O. supercillium (eyebrowed supercillium (eyebrowed shala-shala); Chilean Andes. G ENUS : S ILVESTOROS ENUS : S ILVESTOROS
S. fulvus (yellow fulvus (yellow pata); Peru to Bolivia. S. larva (masked larva (masked pata); south Amazonia. Amazonia. S. vertex (gray vertex (gray pata); Peruvian Andes. G ENUS : E PHALTERIA ENUS : E PHALTERIA
E. verecundus (shicatoo); verecundus (shicatoo); Rocky Mtns. ENUS : Z OEROMYS G ENUS : Z OEROMYS
Z. pycta (painted pycta (painted shigalon); Rocky Mtns. Z. sapor (spotted sapor (spotted shigalon); Rocky Mtns. Z. venustus (silky venustus (silky shigalon); Cascade volcanoes. volcanoes. G ENUS : S TILAROCODAS ENUS : S TILAROCODAS
S. mallia (pallid mallia (pallid murmara); Amazonia. Amazonia. S. polylogo (colorful polylogo (colorful murmara); Amazonia. Amazonia. S. polystrophus (agile polystrophus (agile murmara); Amazonia. S. rachouia (paradise rachouia (paradise murmara); Amazonia. Amazonia. G ENUS : BOMBYDORCAS ENUS : B
B. muricidus (lined muricidus (lined joogabur); San Diego Is. B. nitidus (maned nitidus (maned joogabur); joogabur); San Diego Di ego Is. B. nucifrangibulum (short nucifrangibulum (short nosed joogabur); San Diego Is. B. pauxillulus pauxillulus (small (small footed joogabur); San Diego Is. ENUS : G ENUS : A ACANTHOPSIS
A. echinus (cascade echinus (cascade spiny rat); Cascade Volcanoes. Volcanoes.
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RELATEBRATA; Family: P ASCERIDAE ASCERIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: T RELATEBRATA
Time period: 60-100 million years AM. ENUS : P ASCERES G ENUS : P
P. agilis (agile agilis (agile gaboon); gaboon); Brazil to Peru. P. minutus (little minutus (little gaboon); central Brazil. P. ungulatus (deer ungulatus (deer gaboon); eastern Amazonia. ENUS : H ERBACOMESUS G ENUS : H ERBACOMESUS
H. inodoratus (reed inodoratus (reed gaboon); northern Amazonia. H. moschatus (musky moschatus (musky reed gaboon); western Amazonia. G ENUS : P RATASEDES ENUS : P RATASEDES
P. microtis (small microtis (small eared gaboon); Bolivia to Argentina. ENUS : H ARUNDOALERES G ENUS : H
H. amazona (amazon amazona (amazon swamp gaboon); southern Amazonia. H. paludosus (common paludosus (common swamp gaboon); eastern Chile. H. sucinus (hog sucinus (hog gaboon); Peru. G ENUS : B ARADROMAS ENUS : B
B. vastatus (vasta vastatus (vasta gaboon); northeastern USA. G ENUS : V ESCIFRUTEX ENUS : V ESCIFRUTEX
V. acupes (flat acupes (flat footed gaboon); central USA. V. brevicaudatus (short brevicaudatus (short tailed gaboon); western USA and Canada. Canada. V. crassus (san crassus (san diego short tailed t ailed gaboon); gaboon); San Diego Di ego Is. ENUS : C ALERISCOPULA G ENUS : C
C. communis (social communis (social gaboon); San Diego Is. G ENUS : U NGULAPES ENUS : U NGULAPES
sub-genus: Ungulapes U. ater (plains ater (plains learena); eastern Canada to USA. U. chiliensis (hill chiliensis (hill learena); Chile to Argentina. U. colburni (colburn’s learena); eastern USA. U. hamus (arctic hamus (arctic learena); learena); Canada, Alaska and Greenland. U. lividus (blue lividus (blue learena); China and Korea. U. pulchritudo (pretty pulchritudo (pretty faced learena); western Canada to east China. U. rutilus (red rutilus (red learena); central Amazonia. U. sagax (river sagax (river learena); eastern Amazonia. U. sagina (horse-like sagina (horse-like learena); southern Mexico. U. silvestris (jungle silvestris (jungle learena); southern Mexico. U. umecto (tundra umecto (tundra learena); western and central USA. sub-genus: Calamistri U. equa (eurasian equa (eurasian learena); learena); Europe, USSR. U. pellis (hairy pellis (hairy learena); learena); central Asia. U. simplex (unadorne simplex (unadorned d learena); central As Asia ia to western China. G ENUS : S COPUS ENUS : S COPUS
S. antiquatus (southern antiquatus (southern brush gaboon); Argentina to Chile. C hile. S. domina (target domina (target gaboon); throughout South America, excluding high in Andes Mtns. S. sapidus (amazon sapidus (amazon brush gaboon); southern Amazonia.
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RELATEBRATA; Family: C EROSIDAE EROSIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: T RELATEBRATA
Time period: 60-100 million years AM ENUS : E XIOGCUS G ENUS : E
E. contemplus (small contemplus (small six horned cerot); southeastern USA. E. glaebifer (greater glaebifer (greater six-horned cerot); central USA, particularly abundant in Mississippian region. G ENUS : C EROSUS ENUS : C EROSUS
C. galea (helmeted galea (helmeted cerot); Western Australia. C. monocorniger (one monocorniger (one horned cerot); Queensland and NSW. C. nobilis (nobile nobilis (nobile cerot); southern GBM. C. unicerofrons (knob unicerofrons (knob horned cerot); New Guinea, northern Queensland. G ENUS : P ROCERAS ENUS : P ROCERAS
P. elephas (small elephas (small horned cerot); countries north of GBM. G ENUS : QUADRICEROS ENUS : Q
Q. terreris (four terreris (four horned cerot); China to Mongolia. G ENUS : H ENUS : H ADROBESTIA
H. alticornis (straight alticornis (straight horned giant cerot); India to USSR. H. onerosus (giant onerosus (giant cerot); India to China. G ENUS : P OSTOCEROSUS ENUS : P OSTOCEROSUS
P. oculaceros (front oculaceros (front horned cerot); China to Canada. G ENUS : Z ENUS : Z ACARDIUM
Z. hostilis (northern hostilis (northern agile cerot); Canada, northern USA. Z. pecus (island pecus (island cerot); San Diego Is. Z. tricerum (three tricerum (three horned cerot); Mexico to Peru. Z. ulcisci (mountain ulcisci (mountain cerot); Peru to Chile. Z. validus (valid validus (valid cerot); southern San Diego Is. Z. vis (hostile vis (hostile cerot); western USA. ENUS : P ENTACEROS G ENUS : P ENTACEROS
P. horribilis horribilis (african (african five f ive horned cerot); Afro-european Mtn. region. P. kourelisi ; northern Africa. P. torosus (eurasian torosus (eurasian five horned cerot); Europe, western USSR. ENUS : T AUROFERA G ENUS : T
T. gracilis (slender gracilis (slender cerot); Africa, south of Sahara. G ENUS : D URAMBULUS ENUS : D URAMBULUS
D. clavifer (spiked clavifer (spiked cerot); central and south Africa. D. draconigenum (southern draconigenum (southern armored cerot); South Africa. ENUS : H OSTIVASTATOR G ENUS : H OSTIVASTATOR
H. rhinoceros (one rhinoceros (one horned cerot); Chile and Argentina. G ENUS : BODICEROS ENUS : B
B. insignis (horn insignis (horn muzzled cerot); Argentina.
15
ODENTIA; Family: ADILLIDAE (Est. 1995) Order: R ODENTIA
Time period: 20-50 million years y ears AM. ENUS : G ENUS : A ADILLUS
A. affluentia (lowland affluentia (lowland gerbbuck); Queensland to NSW. A. fugiosus (pale fugiosus (pale gerbbuck); GBM to t o northern Queensland. A. hirsutipes (hairy hirsutipes (hairy footed gerbbuck); GBM. A. ingeniosus (greater ingeniosus (greater common gerbbuck); GBM to NSW. A. nomen (sacred nomen (sacred gerbbuck); GBM. A. subtilitas (desert subtilitas (desert gerbbuck); Western Australia. A. xysticus (papuan xysticus (papuan gerbbuck); Papua, New Guinea. G uinea. A. zonarius (high zonarius (high mountain gerbbuck); GBM and New Guinea. ENUS : G ENUS : A ADILLULUS
A. micropes (short micropes (short footed gerbbuck); northern GBM. A. peregrinus (striped peregrinus (striped short footed gerbbuck); southern India to northern GBM. A. secundum (common secundum (common short f ooted gerbbuck); Malaysia. A. silvia (malay silvia (malaysian sian short footed gerbbuck); Malaysia. Malaysia. ENUS : G OUROMILLOPS G ENUS : G OUROMILLOPS
G. coacervo (long coacervo (long necked anu); USSR to Mongolia. G. proculus (himalayan proculus (himalayan anu); Himalayas. G. sucinum (siberian sucinum (siberian anu); USSR. G. unus (cliff unus (cliff anu); Afghanistan to Turkey. G ENUS : BRACHIOMILLOPS ENUS : B
B. quadropes (long quadropes (long armed gerbbuck); Siberia. B. walli (greater walli (greater long-armed long-armed gerbbuck); USSR. U SSR. G ENUS : P ENUS : P ALLASIOMYS
P. pecus (indochinese pecus (indochinese pecu); India and China. P. talopus (broad talopus (broad footed pecu); Nepal to USSR. G ENUS : P ERAMERIONES ENUS : P ERAMERIONES
P. formicivora (ant formicivora (ant gerbbuck); Turkey to Sudan. P. ineptiae (common ineptiae (common arabian gerbbuck); Arabia. P. psammomys (sand psammomys (sand gerbbuck); Arabia. P. striatus (stripe striatus (stripe sided gerbbuck); Cairo to Sudan. G ENUS : C HEILIONES ENUS : C HEILIONES
C. ardens (afro-europea ardens (afro-european n gerbbuck); southern Europe to Arabia. C. fornix (europea fornix (european n gerbbuck); southern Europe. G ENUS : H ETERONECTES ENUS : H ETERONECTES
H. carreyi (carrey’s swamp gerbbuck); GBM to New Guinea. H. cinnamomeum (cinnamon cinnamomeum (cinnamon fronted swamp gerbbuck); China and Malaysia. H. perspicillata (black perspicillata (black browed swamp gerbbuck); northern GBM. H. punctatus (spotted punctatus (spotted swamp gerbbuck); Malaysia to New Guinea. H. stanfordi (stanford’s swamp gerbbuck); southern India . G ENUS : G ERBILLISCUS ENUS : G ERBILLISCUS
G. cinis (rock cinis (rock dweller gerbbuck); Afro-europe Af ro-european an Mtns. G. cuspis (sharp cuspis (sharp toothed gerbbuck); Afro-europe Af ro-european an Mtns. G. fulvus (golden fulvus (golden gerbbuck); Afro-european Mtns. G. lacerta (striped lacerta (striped mountain gerbbuck); southern Europe. G. myomorpha (mouse myomorpha (mouse tailed gerbbuck); northern Africa.
16
G ENUS : H ENUS : H ANDECAPLEURA
H. axis (axis axis (axis gerbbuck); Afro-europe Afr o-european an Mtns. H. dorsalis (dark dorsalis (dark backed gerbbuck); Afro-european Mtns. H. eludo (little eludo (little gerbbuck); northern Afro-european Mtns. H. libra (bushy libra (bushy toed gerbbuck); Ethiopia. H. robustus (robust robustus (robust bushy toed gerbbuck); Afro-european Mtns. H. valgus (desert valgus (desert bushy toed gerbbuck); Egypt and Cairo. H. vinculum (ethiopian vinculum (ethiopian bushy toed gerbbuck); Ethiopia. ENUS : T RAGERBILLUS G ENUS : T RAGERBILLUS
T. cervimorpha (long cervimorpha (long legged 2-toed gerbbuck); central African rainforests. T. hamus (jungle hamus (jungle 2-toed gerbbuck); central African rainforests. T. latratus (leaf latratus (leaf 2-toed gerbbuck); central Africa. T. vexilli vex illium um (stripe (stripe faced 2-toed gerbbuck); central Africa. ENUS : U RIONES G ENUS : U RIONES
U. barbatus (moustached barbatus (moustached lemurian gerbbuck); Lemuria. U. verecundus (bush verecundus (bush gerbbuck); northern Lemuria. G ENUS : D ENUS : D ASOCOMUS
D. bubula (narrow bubula (narrow footed gerbbuck); central African rainforests. ENUS : P RAECLARUS G ENUS : P RAECLARUS
P. pulchritudus (love pulchritudus (lovely ly gerbbuck); Lemuria. G ENUS : C URSARENA ENUS : C URSARENA
C. ater (southern ater (southern lesser gerbbuck); southern Lemuria. C. erubesco (reddish erubesco (reddish lesser gerbbuck); Lemuria. C. follis (tree follis (tree gerbbuck); Lemuria. C. sanguineus (vermillion sanguineus (vermillion lesser gerbbuck); central Lemuria. G ENUS : C ODACERVIX ENUS : C ODACERVIX
C. mitra (lesser mitra (lesser long tailed gerbbuck); central Africa. C. paluster (water paluster (water long tailed gerbbuck); central Africa. C. turbidus (southern turbidus (southern long tailed gerbbuck); South Africa. G ENUS : I ENUS : I ACULOMYS
I. baumi (mountain baumi (mountain hopper gerbbuck); Afro-European Mtns. I. benignus (tranquil benignus (tranquil gerbbuck); northern Africa. I. flecto (sahara flecto (sahara gerbbuck); Sahara Desert region. r egion. I. saharae (greater saharae (greater sahara gerbbuck); Sahara Desert region. I. salio (saltbed salio (saltbed gerbbuck); northern Africa. G ENUS : BREVIPODILLUS ENUS : B
B. pugilus (yellow pugilus (yellow spotted gerbbuck); Sahara Desert. B. sentis (small sentis (small footed f ooted gerbbuck); Sahara Desert. G ENUS : G ERBILLOPS ENUS : G ERBILLOPS
G. hamadryas (lemurian hamadryas (lemurian choobalee); Lemuria. G. luculentus (hopping luculentus (hopping choobalee); central African rainforests. G. rudo (hissing rudo (hissing choobalee); central African rainforests. G. scurra (crowned scurra (crowned choobalee); choobalee); central Afric an rainforests. G. umbracculibates (agile umbracculibates (agile choobalee); central African rainforests. G. varius (chequered varius (chequered choobalee); choobalee); central Afric an rainforests.
17
RELATEBRATA; Family: I MMANIDAE MMANIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: T RELATEBRATA
Time period: 50-100 million years AM. ENUS : P ROBLEPTICUS G ENUS : P ROBLEPTICUS
P. pugmacio (slender pugmacio (slender tusked rinkadon); Uruguay to Argentina. G ENUS : A ANTHROPODONTA ENUS :
A. maximus (4-tusked maximus (4-tusked rinkadon); northern Mexico and southwestern USA. A. xiphodon (sword xiphodon (sword tusked rinkadon); western USA. ENUS : P TUARIODONTA G ENUS : P TUARIODONTA
P. anoteros (shovel-tusked anoteros (shovel-tusked rinkadon); rinkadon); western and central c entral USA. G ENUS : C HENATHERIUM ENUS : C HENATHERIUM
C. bidens (shovel bidens (shovel nosed rinkadon); Amazonia. ENUS : S CABODONTA G ENUS : S CABODONTA
S. megalocarpia ; southern Amazonian states, to t o Argentina. G ENUS : T REIODONTATHERIA ENUS : T REIODONTATHERIA
T. biaius ; Chile and Argentina. G ENUS : I MMANIS ENUS : I MMANIS
I. elaphas (small elaphas (small eared rinkadon); Chile and Argentina. ENUS : G ENUS : A AEQUICAPISTRUM
A. flabellum (triangle flabellum (triangle eared rinkadon); rinkadon); throughout USA, migrates into Asia. A. megalotis (large megalotis (large eared rinkadon); northern South America.
18
RELATEBRATA; Family: D IPLONEARIDAE IPLONEARIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: T RELATEBRATA
Time period: 20-40 million years y ears AM. ENUS : D IPLONEAROS G ENUS : D IPLONEAROS
D. brevicollis (short brevicollis (short necked abbergant); southern GBM, New Guinea. D. campestris (running campestris (running abbergant); Northern Territories, Queensland and New Guinea. D. macrosus (bulky macrosus (bulky abbergant); east-coastal Australia. ENUS : P HYLLOSUMPIESE G ENUS : P HYLLOSUMPIESE
P. brevicaudatus (montane brevicaudatus (montane abbergant); central foothills of GBM. G ENUS : S CLERONURA ENUS : S CLERONURA
S. salpigtes (victorian salpigtes (victorian abbergant); abbergant); Southern Australia Aus tralia and Victoria. G ENUS : P SELOLAIMUS ENUS : P SELOLAIMUS
P. adeps (long-necked adeps (long-necked abbergant); northern Madagascar. Madagascar. P. gravitas (gray gravitas (gray spot abbergant); abbergant); Madagascar. Madagascar. P. latus (shiny latus (shiny abbergant); central Madagascar. Madagascar. P. pulcher (deep pulcher (deep forest abbergant); southern Madagascar. P. spatium (spiny spatium (spiny forest abbergant); abbergant); south-central s outh-central Madagascar. ENUS : Z OOMAZA G ENUS : Z OOMAZA
Z. onerosus (north onerosus (north madagascan abbergant); northern Madagascar. Madagascar. G ENUS : OGCOZOICUS ENUS : O
O. coelurus (long coelurus (long necked abbergant); central Lemuria. G ENUS : S UNTRIBODON ENUS : S UNTRIBODON
S. lugeros (flat-toothed lugeros (flat-toothed abbergant); southern Lemuria. G ENUS : A ALTOTHERIUM ENUS :
A. lemuriensis (ronto, lemuriensis (ronto, or square-domed square-domed abbergant); Lemuria.
19
ERVIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: ARTIODACTYLIA; Family: C ERVIDAE
Time period: Age of Man to 50 million mill ion years AM. ENUS : S POUDAIOCEROS G ENUS : S POUDAIOCEROS
S. alces (giant alces (giant antlered deer); eastern USA and southeastern Canada. S. australis (southern australis (southern long antlered deer); southwestern USA. S. bifidus ; San Diego Is. S. leptocornis (slender leptocornis (slender antlered deer); southern and central USA. G ENUS : M EGACHAULIODUS ENUS : M EGACHAULIODUS
M. albigens (white albigens (white cheeked long tusked deer); GBM, northern Australia. M. dama (long dama (long tusked deer); Indo-China. M. mandarinus (mandarin mandarinus (mandarin deer); China, northern GBM. M. nippon (nippon nippon (nippon long-tusked deer); Korea. Korea. G ENUS : C ERVUS ENUS : C ERVUS
sub-genus: Cervus C. americanus (plains americanus (plains elk); USA U SA and Canada. C. brunnea (brown brunnea (brown elk); eastern USA. C. macroceros (large macroceros (large antlered elk); San Diego Is. C. proceratis (long proceratis (long necked deer); San Diego Is, western USA. sub-genus: Paludelaphus C. eurunguis (brood eurunguis (brood hooved deer); southeastern USA. C. palus (common palus (common swamp deer); southeastern USA. G ENUS : X X ENAXIS ENUS : ENAXIS
X. guttatus (spotted guttatus (spotted deer); Central America to Amazonia. X. hypoleucas (white hypoleucas (white faced deer); Central America. X. phoenicurus (band phoenicurus (band tailed deer); Amazonia. X. pyrrhodes (red pyrrhodes (red rumped deer); Amazonia. G ENUS : M EGALADAMA ENUS : M EGALADAMA
M. ingens (robust ingens (robust deer); Argentina and Chile. G ENUS : F OEDECERVUS ENUS : F OEDECERVUS
F. brevisoma (musk brevisoma (musk deer); Peru, Bolivia and Brazil. G ENUS : C ELERITRAGUS ENUS : C ELERITRAGUS
C. albicaudatus (white albicaudatus (white tailed sprinting deer); western USA. C. certos (small certos (small antlered sprinting deer); San Diego Is. C. gracilia (slender gracilia (slender sprinting deer); southern San Diego Is. C. minor (lesser minor (lesser sprinting deer); central USA. C. occidentalis (western occidentalis (western sprinting deer); western USA. C. velox (common velox (common sprinting deer); North N orth America and Mexico. C. vulgaris (red vulgaris (red sprinting deer); USA and San Diego Is. C. wadei (wade’s deer); Mexico. G ENUS : P INGUICERVIX ENUS : P INGUICERVIX
P. anocornis (fat anocornis (fat deer); Amazonia. P. centralis (central centralis (central american fat deer); Central America. P. hispanolicus (hispanolian hispanolicus (hispanolian fat deer); Hispanolian Is. P. insignus (lettered insignus (lettered fat deer); central Amazonia. P. vulpinus (thick vulpinus (thick tailed fat deer); upper Amazonia. G ENUS : D ENUS : D AMALIA
D. elegans (gray elegans (gray mantled dama); Amazonia. D. grisealbus (bicolored grisealbus (bicolored dama); Peru to Bolivia. D. minutus (little minutus (little dama); Amazonia. Amazonia.
20
D. stolidium (southern stolidium (southern dama); Argentina to Chile. ENUS : D ORCADA G ENUS : D ORCADA
D. asemantus (chinese asemantus (chinese jabbuck); most parts of China. D. drasterius (common drasterius (common jabbuck); Canada, Alaska to China. G ENUS : J J UBACERVIX ENUS : UBACERVIX
J. monarchus (maned, monarchus (maned, or monarch, deer); Peru to Chile. ENUS : C APRATRAGUS G ENUS : C
C. diploceros (long diploceros (long antlered deer); Chile and Argentina. C. sertorii (sward-antlered sertorii (sward-antlered deer); deer); Chile C hile to Peru. G ENUS : L ASCIVIA ENUS : L
L. aries (ram aries (ram antlered deer); Columbia to Peru. ENUS : L G ENUS : LEIOTRICCUS
L. erithacus ; northern Amazonia. Amazonia. L. leucopygia ; Central America, southern Mexico. L. perryi ; Central America.
21
ODENTIA; Family: P SITTACODONTIDAE SITTACODONTIDAE (Est. 2002) Order: R ODENTIA
Time period: 60-100 million years AM. ENUS : S IAGONODON G ENUS : S IAGONODON
S. tridens ; Lemuria. G ENUS : P ENUS : P ARALOPHOPSITTA
P. minimus ; southern Lemuria. P. unicornis ; northern Lemuria. ENUS : P SITTACOMYS G ENUS : P SITTACOMYS
P. antisensus ; Korea to northern India. P. memmina ; Mongolia and northern China. P. myomorpha ; Indo-China. ENUS : P SITTACODON G ENUS : P SITTACODON
P. bovinus ; South African Province. P. caffer ; central Africa. P. monticola ; Central African Rainforests. G ENUS : P SELOTAPIRA ENUS : P SELOTAPIRA
P. dammah ; Lemuria. P. campestris ; Lemuria. G ENUS : S TEGOPSITTATHERIUM ENUS : S TEGOPSITTATHERIUM
S. sigmoceros ; eastern Lemuria. S. guttorosa ; western Lemuria. ENUS : B G ENUS : BOVELEPHAS
B. tatarica ; Europe and eastern USSR.
22
HOLIDOTA; Family: S OGARIIDAE OGARIIDAE (Est. 1995) Order: P HOLIDOTA
Time period: 30-50 million years y ears AM. ENUS : S QUAMILAGUS G ENUS : S QUAMILAGUS
S. dubius (dull dubius (dull shupe); Amazonia. Amazonia. S. involucris (burrowing involucris (burrowing shupe); Amazonia. Amazonia. S. irrorata (waved irrorata (waved shupe); Amazonia. S. undulatus (undulated undulatus (undulated shupe); Amazonia. Amazonia. S. variabili v ariabilis s (varrying (varrying shupe); Amazonia. Amazonia. G ENUS : M ELEPIA ENUS : M ELEPIA
M. galericulata (kaleido galericulata (kaleidoscope scope shupe); Peru to Bolivia. M. iris (glossy iris (glossy shupe); Amazonian Amazonian Brazil. M. naevosa (speckled naevosa (speckled shupe); Bolivia to Argentina. G ENUS : P HOLIDICULUS ENUS : P HOLIDICULUS
P. affinis (peacock affinis (peacock shupe); Central America. P. fidens (plains fidens (plains shupe); western USA. P. garrula (babbling garrula (babbling shupe); Central America. P. orientalis (brown orientalis (brown shupe); northern USA into Canada. P. poliothrix (gray poliothrix (gray shupe); eastern and central USA. P. ruficollis (red ruficollis (red necked shupe); southern USA. P. vocifer (common vocifer (common shupe); central USA. ENUS : S OGARIA G ENUS : S OGARIA
S. mutus (mute mutus (mute shupe); Amazonia. Amazonia. S. ocellata (ocellated ocellata (ocellated shupe); Chile and Argentina. G ENUS : LEPITELES ENUS : L
L. tridactylus (3 tridactylus (3 toed shupe); China, Mongolia. ENUS : T RICCIPROCTA G ENUS : T RICCIPROCTA
T. helveticus (europea helveticus (european n shupe); Europe, USSR. T. picta (painted picta (painted shupe); India to China. G ENUS : G ULAROTHRIX ENUS : G ULAROTHRIX
G. marmoratus (marbled marmoratus (marbled shupe); central GBM. G. teres (elegant teres (elegant shupe); northern GBM. G ENUS : S CHIZOLEPIS ENUS : S CHIZOLEPIS
S. erythrops (red erythrops (red footed shupe); Africa, south of Sahara. S. hyperythrus (lemurian hyperythrus (lemurian shupe); central Lemuria. ENUS : L G ENUS : LEPIDOTHRIX
L. lunulata (lunulated lunulata (lunulated shupe); South African province.
23
EGALODORCIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: ARTIODACTYLIA; Family: M EGALODORCIDAE
Time period: 15-100 million years AM. Separated into 4 sub-families: Megalodorcinae Trapiceros Cornudens Megalodorcas Grandidorcas Valudorsum Hebecephalus Maxibos
Foveinae Saxotragus Fovea Quadroculus
Pygarginae Pilitops Hamatilis Hemidamma Pleuraceros Pselocranium Ropaloceros Altiperonoceros Mesoceratis Enrenoceros Lawrencia Megacyrtonoceros Cyrtonoceros
Sphendoneceros Controcephalus Tapimimus Lepidonasus Pygargus Moschoryx Phyllopes Anatolopis Stemmatragus Miocopuroceros Diairoceros
Altocephalus Otopygus Myodorcas Hippidorcas Notolophus Hydrokobus Nyala
G ENUS : T RAPICEROS ENUS : T RAPICEROS
T. depressicornis ; South Africa. T. mutationis ; Eurasia. T. nemus ; Europe. T. praegravis ; Eurasia. T. pressionis ; central Africa. T. scalpellum ; Lemuria. T. scaurus ; Lemuria. ENUS : P ILITOPS G ENUS : P ILITOPS
P. hispida ; central USA. P. irrorata ; Mexico, Central America. P. larvatus ; southern USA. ENUS : H AMATILIS G ENUS : H
H. gualama (common gualama (common gualama); Andes Mountain range. H. humilis (long humilis (long clawed gualama); Uruguay to Argentina. H. quadradens (4-tusked quadradens (4-tusked gualama); southern Andes Mountains. G ENUS : H EMIDAMMA ENUS : H EMIDAMMA
H. proboscidus ; Peru to Chile. G ENUS : P LEURACEROS ENUS : P LEURACEROS
P. hydrodromus ; western Africa. P. hydropotes ; central and south Africa. P. kobinus ; eastern Africa. P. lyraceros ; South African Province. P. pentacornis ; Africa, south of Sahara. G ENUS : P SELOCRANIUM ENUS : P SELOCRANIUM
P. megacervix ; Central African Rainforests.
Miocapriinae Miocapria
Protocornudens Tetraceras Castratragus Camelidorcas Gelada Macrotraga Peneceros
24
G ENUS : M IOCAPRIA ENUS : M IOCAPRIA
M. aires ; USSR. M. ammon ; Af ro-european ro-european Mountains. M. cylindricornis ; southern USSR to Nepal. M. europaeus ; distributed throughout Europe. M. pyrenaica ; northern Afro-european Afro-european Mountains. M. shawi ; Caucasian Steppe Mountains. G ENUS : R OPALOCEROS ENUS : R OPALOCEROS
R. americanus ; western USA and Canada (absent in extreme north Canada). R. depressicornis ; central San Diego Is. R. deserta ; southern San Diego Is. R. megacerosus ; northeastern San Diego Is. R. murinus ; northern San Diego Is. ENUS : G ENUS : A ALTIPERONOCEROS
A. gammacornis ; southern San Diego Is. G ENUS : M ESOCERATIS ENUS : M ESOCERATIS
M. ceras ; Peru to Bolivia. M. dromadarius ; Chile and Argentina. M. gazella ; Amazonia. G ENUS : E NRENOCEROS ENUS : E NRENOCEROS
E. moustaci (moustached moustaci (moustached antelope); India, lower Mongolia, Mongolia, Nepal. G ENUS : L AWRENCIA ENUS : L
E. californicus ; San Diego Is. E. centralis ; eastern and central USA, U SA, south-central and eastern Canada. Canada. E. crinifrons ; central Canada. Canada. E. hippurus ; western Canada and USA. ENUS : M EGACYRTONOCEROS G ENUS : M EGACYRTONOCEROS
M. ischupus ; Chile to Argentina. G ENUS : C YRTONOCEROS ENUS : C YRTONOCEROS
C. elaphas ; Peru to Chile. G ENUS : S TEMMATRAGUS ENUS : S TEMMATRAGUS
S. oryx ; Mongolia to southern China. G ENUS : M IOCOPUROCEROS ENUS : M IOCOPUROCEROS
M. depressicornis ; south-eastern USA. G ENUS : D IAIROCEROS ENUS : D IAIROCEROS
D. dichotomus ; northwestern Bolivia. D. monticola ; Peru to Chile. D. sylvicultor ; Brazil, Colombia, Bolivia, Bolivia, Peru. G ENUS : S PHENDONECEROS ENUS : S PHENDONECEROS
S. redunca (slingshot redunca (slingshot horned antelope); antelope); Argentina Ar gentina and Uruguay. G ENUS : C ONTROCEPHALUS ENUS : C ONTROCEPHALUS
C. alienus (block alienus (block headed antelope); antelope); USSR to t o northern India. G ENUS : M EGALODORCAS ENUS : M EGALODORCAS
M. antarctica (southern antarctica (southern gigantelope); gigantelope); Peru to Chile.
25
M. borealis (woolly borealis (woolly gigantelope); gigantelope); arctic Canada, Alaska and possibly Asia. M. giganteus (gigantelope giganteus (gigantelope); ); central Lemuria. M. palaceros (shovel palaceros (shovel horned horned gigantelope); central and southern Af rica. G ENUS : C ORNUDENS ENUS : C ORNUDENS
C. horridus (helmeted horridus (helmeted hornhead); Europe. C. rastrostrius (water rastrostrius (water hornhead); hornhead); Eurasia to China. C. vulgaris (common vulgaris (common hornhead); hornhead); Eurasia to t o USA. G ENUS : T ENUS : T APIMIMUS
T. leptodon (slender leptodon (slender tusked tapimimus); central Lemuria. T. minutoides (lesser minutoides (lesser tapimimus); northern, west and central Lemuria. T. porcella (hog porcella (hog antelope); central and southern s outhern Lemuria. T. proboscidus ; central and eastern Lemuria. G ENUS : H EBECEPHALUS ENUS : H EBECEPHALUS
H. montanus (groath); montanus (groath); Afro-european Mtns. ENUS : G RANDIDORCAS G ENUS : G RANDIDORCAS
G. roeselmivi (long roeselmivi (long necked gigantelope); central Lemuria. G ENUS : V ENUS : V ALUDORSUM
V. gravum (valupha gravum (valuphant); nt); northern Lemuria. V. minuosa (lesser minuosa (lesser valuphant); eastern Africa. ENUS : T ETRACERAS G ENUS : T ETRACERAS
T. africanus (rundihorn); africanus (rundihorn); central to southern Lemuria. G ENUS : C ENUS : C ASTRATRAGUS
C. cephalothrix (maned cephalothrix (maned antelope); northern Lemuria. C. grandiceros (cleft-back grandiceros (cleft-back antelope); southern Lemuria. C. lyranotus (lyre-backe lyranotus (lyre-backed d antelope); antelope); central Lemuria. C. nidus (flat-backed nidus (flat-backed antelope); northern Lemuria. C. saltans (forest saltans (forest cleft-back antelope); central Lemuria. G ENUS : LEPIDONASUS ENUS : L
L. lemuriensis (snorke); lemuriensis (snorke); Lemuria. ENUS : P YGARGUS G ENUS : P YGARGUS
sub-genus: Pygargus P. albifrons (white albifrons (white fronted arbuck); central African rainforests. P. arenosus (sand arenosus (sand arbuck); northern Africa, including outskirts of Sahara. P. cathiah (golden cathiah (golden arbuck); South African province. P. communis (common communis (common arbuck); throughout Africa. P. darnelli (darnell’s arbuck); Lemuria. P. deserta (foothill deserta (foothill arbuck); northern Africa. P. kallos (colorful kallos (colorful arbuck); central Africa. P. marteloni (martelon’s arbuck); eastern -central Africa. sub-genus: Monodorcas P. lacertosus (mountain lacertosus (mountain arbuck); Virunga volcanoes. volcanoes. P. oreinus (rock oreinus (rock arbuck); Afro-european Mtns. ENUS : M OSCHORYX G ENUS : M OSCHORYX
M. indica (musk indica (musk antelope); India, Nepal, parts of China. G ENUS : P HYLLOPES ENUS : P HYLLOPES
P. altaica (white altaica (white feather footed antelope); GBM. P. hirsutipes (feather hirsutipes (feather footed antelope); Himalayan Mtns. P. maculeucas (white maculeucas (white spot feather f eather footed antelope); antelope); GBM.
26
G ENUS : G ELADA ENUS : G ELADA
G. bubalinus (recurve bubalinus (recurve horned gelada); gelada); central and southern s outhern Africa. G. gelada (gelada gelada (gelada); ); Europe, USSR. G. geneiada (himalayan geneiada (himalayan gelada); Himalayan Mtns. G. phluarus (mongolian phluarus (mongolian gelada); China and Mongolia. G. taurus (ox-like taurus (ox-like gelada); gelada); Europe and north Africa. Af rica. G ENUS : C ENUS : C AMELIDORCAS
C. lambeonotus (humpbacked lambeonotus (humpbacked ox); Caucasian Mtns. ENUS : M ACROTRAGA G ENUS : M
M. acroceratops (high acroceratops (high horned antelope); Mongolia and China. G ENUS : M ENUS : M AXIBOS
M. longicaudis (giant longicaudis (giant ox); Malaysia. G ENUS : A ANATOLOPIS ENUS :
A. aquaticus (wading aquaticus (wading duckbill); USSR to China. A. aurifrons (golden aurifrons (golden duckbill); Ganges to Bhutan. A. bledsoei (bledsoe’s duckbill); Eurasia. A. gazella (common gazella (common duckbill); C China hina to Mongolia. A. longicollis longicollis (giraffe (giraffe duckbill); Bangladesh to Bhutan. A. rufus (red rufus (red duckbill); northern India to Nepal. G ENUS : A ALTOCEPHALUS ENUS :
A. saddi (yippa); saddi (yippa); central Lemuria. G ENUS : P ROTOCORNUDENS ENUS : P ROTOCORNUDENS
P. pachyceros (bottle pachyceros (bottle horned antelope); USA to t o eastern Europe. ENUS : O G ENUS : OTOPYGUS
O. acuceros (spike acuceros (spike horned congagu); Lemuria. O. capensis (cape capensis (cape congagu); Zaire to t o Botswana. O. isolatus (strange isolatus (strange congagu); Lemuria. O. luteus (golden luteus (golden congagu); eastern Africa. O. murinus (dwarf murinus (dwarf congagu); South African province. O. stonei (stone’s congagu); south -central Africa. G ENUS : M YODORCAS ENUS : M YODORCAS
M. acroceros (straight acroceros (straight horned mouse antelope); Amazonia. M. agathaumas (beautiful agathaumas (beautiful mouse antelope); South America, excluding Amazonia. M. lepidus (greater lepidus (greater mouse antelope); antelope); Argentina Ar gentina to Chile. M. microcerosus (small microcerosus (small horned mouse antelope); Paraguay and Argentina. G ENUS : H IPPIDORCAS ENUS : H IPPIDORCAS
H. longicaudatus (horse-like longicaudatus (horse-like antelope); Colombia to Peru. G ENUS : N OTOLOPHUS ENUS : N OTOLOPHUS
N. browni (brown’s chicatain); Central America. N. diadema (diademe diadema (diademed d chicatain); Chile and Argentina. N. formosa (beautiful formosa (beautiful chicatain); Peru to Chile. N. melodorcas (black melodorcas (black backed chicatain); North America, Mexico. N. roserostris (rose roserostris (rose fronted chicatain); chic atain); Amazonia. G ENUS : H YDROKOBUS ENUS : H YDROKOBUS
H. suella (denkebok); suella (denkebok); Gabon to Tanzania.
27
G ENUS : N YALA ENUS : N YALA
N. elaphas (swamp elaphas (swamp buck); western Africa. N. evansi (evan’s nyala); central Africa. N. jubatus (dark jubatus (dark naped nyala); nyala); eastern Af rica. N. nyala (nyala); nyala (nyala); Zambia, Zimbabwe and Botswana. N. nyctes (night nyctes (night nyala); Sahara Desert region. r egion. N. rufus (rust rufus (rust colored nyala); South African province. N. striatus (stripe striatus (stripe sided nyala); central African rainforests. ENUS : P ENECEROS G ENUS : P ENECEROS
P. antilopinus (round antilopinus (round horned antelope); antelope); central Africa. G ENUS : QUADROCULUS ENUS : Q
Q. matiexodus (savanna matiexodus (savanna pit antelope antelope); ); central c entral and southern Africa. Afric a. Q. silvicultrix (jungle silvicultrix (jungle pit antelope); central African rainforests. ENUS : S AXOTRAGUS G ENUS : S
S. apotomus (russet apotomus (russet bik-bik); Afro-european Mtns. S. eustropus (graceful eustropus (graceful bik-bik); Afro-european Mtns. S. oryx (bearded oryx (bearded bik-bik); Afro-european Mtns. G ENUS : F OVEA ENUS : F OVEA
F. bombysacaci (silky bombysacaci (silky pit antelope, antelope, or nara); Lemuria.
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ERISSODACTYLA; Family: B ANZIDAE ANZIDAE (Est. 2002) Order: P ERISSODACTYLA
Time period: 20-40 million years AM. Separated into 2 sub-families: Bantinae Bucinaceros Banza Diaphoceros Ikopia
Allomeoplinae Allomeoples Anarritragus Pagogalea
ENUS : B G ENUS : BUCINACEROS
B. clavurus (4-spiked clavurus (4-spiked rudibok); southeastern USA. B. duploclavius (2-spiked duploclavius (2-spiked rudibok); southern USA. B. excederidens (large excederidens (large tusked rudibok); northeastern USA. ENUS : B G ENUS : B ANZA
B. aripereginus (desert aripereginus (desert bantz); Mongolia. Mongolia. B. megalus (greater megalus (greater bantz); northern Asia, Europe, Alaska, and Canada. Canada. G ENUS : D IAPHOCEROS ENUS : D IAPHOCEROS
D. bovinus (greater bovinus (greater munyap); South African Province. D. crudelis (hostile crudelis (hostile munyap); Central African rainforests. D. demitigo (sharp-pronged demitigo (sharp-pronged munyap); southeastern Africa. D. novacula (little novacula (little horned munyap); Lemuria. G ENUS : I KOPIA ENUS : I KOPIA
I. poculoglossus (ikopi); poculoglossus (ikopi); central African rainforests. ENUS : G ENUS : A ALLOMEOPLES
Sub-genus: Allomeoples A. horrens (shaggy horrens (shaggy tuan); Alaska, northern Canada. A. niveus (giant niveus (giant tuan); Alaska, Al aska, northern Mongolia. A. perspicax (barren-ground perspicax (barren-ground tuan); southern Alaska to central Canada, Canada, into Greenland. A. pusillus (lesser pusillus (lesser tuan); Canada and extreme extreme northern USA. Sub-genus: Alloceratis A. quattroceros (4-horned quattroceros (4-horned tuan); extreme northern Alaska to Mongolia. Mongolia. ENUS : G ENUS : A ANARRITRAGUS
A. brevicaudatus (short-tailed brevicaudatus (short-tailed forest tuan); northern Mongolia. A. meridies (common meridies (common forest tuan); Eurasia. A. perrepto (forest perrepto (forest tuan); northern Europe and USSR. A. repomurus (cave repomurus (cave tuan); Scandinavia. ENUS : P AGOGALEA G ENUS : P
P. hippocentaurus (horselike hippocentaurus (horselike snow tuan); Greenland. P. osseofrons (hard osseofrons (hard nosed snow tuan); extreme North pole. P. pervulgo (round pervulgo (round horned snow tuan); Scandinavia. Scandinavia. P. rigoris (inland rigoris (inland tuan); Scandinavia to Brittish Isles. P. tepesco (greater tepesco (greater tuan); Iceland. P. torqueoceros (common torqueoceros (common snow tuan); Iceland.
29
ERISSODACTYLA; Family: ARTICULOSTIIDAE (Est. 2002) Order: P ERISSODACTYLA
Time period: 10-15 million years y ears AM. G ENUS : A ARTICULOSTIUM ENUS :
A. cameloides (greater cameloides (greater tapir); throughout most of USA. A. cervinus (jungle cervinus (jungle tapir); Amazonia, particularly in Peru. A. choraphium (plains choraphium (plains tapir); southern South America. A. stomius (aquatic stomius (aquatic tapir); Amazonia. Amazonia. ENUS : H IPPOTAPIRUS G ENUS : H IPPOTAPIRUS
H. anatolicus (eastern anatolicus (eastern tapir); eastern USA. H. floridanus (key-we floridanus (key-west st tapir); Florida Key Islands. H. lipotactus (desert lipotactus (desert tapir); southwest USA. H. longicaudatus (long-tailed longicaudatus (long-tailed tapir); southeastern USA. H. riverae (rivera’s tapir); western USA.
Order: ARTIODACTYLIA; Family: C HAMELIIDAE HAMELIIDAE (Est. 2002) Time period: 60-100 million years AM. G ENUS : M ENUS : M AGNICAMELUS
M. maximus (falumpaset); maximus (falumpaset); Africa, south of Sahara. ENUS : C HAMELIA G ENUS : C HAMELIA
C. lanifer ; GBM range. G ENUS : ORAGLISTRO ENUS : O
O. epimones ; eastern Canada. O. glentzes ; western Canada. O. gregora ; west-central Canada and USA. O. oropedio ; western USA. G ENUS : T RIPULLICEROS ENUS : T RIPULLICEROS
T. casca ; Brazil to Peru. T. monadicus ; Peru to Chile. T. titanas ; central and southern South America. G ENUS : L ANIGIFERA ENUS : L
L. charitomenus ; Chile to Argentina. G ENUS : N EANTILOPA ENUS : N EANTILOPA
N. bisulcus ; Argentina to Chile. N. dorcas ; Argentina. N. natalensis ; Peru to Chile. N. kingstoni ; Argentina to Bolivia. N. scriptus ; Argentina to Paraguay. ENUS : C AMPECHOROPEDUS G ENUS : C
C. callipygus ; western USA. C. grimmia ; southern USA, northern Mexico. C. leucogaster ; southwestern USA. C. littoralis ; San Diego Is.
30
NGULAGIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: LAGOMERYCOIDEA; Family: U NGULAGIDAE
Time period: 5-30 million years AM. Separated into 2 sub-families:
Ungulaginae Ungulagus Macrolagus Oreolagus Zebralagus Dolabrodon Rupesaltor Elapholagus Omnilagus
Ungulamyinae Ungulamys Microlagus
ENUS : U NGULAGUS G ENUS : U NGULAGUS
U. flavus (desert flavus (desert rabbuck); Sudan to Algeria. U. hirsutis (arctic hirsutis (arctic rabbuck); Scandinavia. Scandinavia. U. silvicultrix (common silvicultrix (common rabbuck); most parts of Europe, including Austria, Germany and Switzerland. Switzerland. G ENUS : M ENUS : M ACROLAGUS
M. perpato (hopping perpato (hopping rabbuck); throughout Europe and USSR. G ENUS : OREOLAGUS ENUS : O
O. scandens (mountain scandens (mountain rabbuck); Caucasian Mtns. G ENUS : U NGULAMYS ENUS : U NGULAMYS
U. cerviformis (grobbit); cerviformis (grobbit); north Africa, Saudi Arabia to Pakistan. ENUS : Z EBRALAGUS G ENUS : Z EBRALAGUS
sub-genus: Giraffacamelus Z. blankenshipi ; eastern Africa. Z. cento (watoo cento (watoo); ); Nigeria N igeria to Zaire. sub-genus: Zebralagus Z. virgatus (reticulated virgatus (reticulated rabbuck); central and southern Africa. G ENUS : D OLABRODON ENUS : D OLABRODON
D. fossor (picktooth); fossor (picktooth); Pakistan to central India. ENUS : R UPESALTOR G ENUS : R UPESALTOR
R. villupes (ruffle); villupes (ruffle); Afro-european Mtns. G ENUS : M ICROLAGUS ENUS : M ICROLAGUS
M. mussops (lutie); mussops (lutie); Europe and USSR. G ENUS : E LAPHOLAGUS ENUS : E LAPHOLAGUS
E. gregoros (common gregoros (common zebok); Africa, south of Sahara. E. lagopus (large lagopus (large footed zebok); central and southern Afri ca. E. leucotis (white leucotis (white eared zebok); zebok); southern Af rica, especially abundant in Angola. G ENUS : OMNILAGUS ENUS : O
O. anudros (chinese anudros (chinese budine); west-central China. O. indocalamo (indian indocalamo (indian budine); India, particularly in southern ranges. O. saurolestes (hunting saurolestes (hunting budine); India to China.
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NHIBIOCETATHERIA; Family: C ORNUROSTRIDAE ORNUROSTRIDAE (Est. 1995) Order: I NHIBIOCETATHERIA
Time period: 40-70 million years y ears AM. ENUS : B G ENUS : BIDENS
B. firmus (2-tusked firmus (2-tusked sinecru); central Batavian Is. B. obesus (cobalt obesus (cobalt backed sinecru); southern Batavia. Batavia. B. pictus (painted pictus (painted sinecru); extreme southern Batavia. Batavia. ENUS : E GEODONTA G ENUS : E GEODONTA
E. omniphaga (plate omniphaga (plate muzzled sinecru); northern Batavia. Batavia. G ENUS : C ORNUROSTRIS ENUS : C ORNUROSTRIS
C. monodonta (one monodonta (one tusked sinecru); central Batavia. Batavia. C. plebs (nose plebs (nose tusked sinecru); Batavian Is.
NHIBIOCETATHERIA; Family: C ERVAINIDAE ERVAINIDAE (Est. 1995) Order: I NHIBIOCETATHERIA
Time period: 50-70 million years y ears AM. ENUS : S IRENOTRAGUS G ENUS : S IRENOTRAGUS
S. celer (common celer (common sinecru); Batavia. Batavia. S. dromiceoides (blue dromiceoides (blue and pink sinecru); s inecru); southern Batavia. S. vastus (long vastus (long nosed sinecru); Batavia. Batavia. ENUS : H YDRAGELADA G ENUS : H YDRAGELADA
H. magnus (great magnus (great sinecru); central San Diego Is. H. ornithorostris (slender ornithorostris (slender nosed sinecru); San Diego Is. H. pugio (lavend pugio (lavendar ar sinecru); central San Diego Is. H. vacca (masked vacca (masked sinecru); southern San Diego Is. G ENUS : BRACHIAMBULUS ENUS : B
B. struthioides (agile struthioides (agile sinecru); central Batavia. G ENUS : OGCODITHERIA ENUS : O
O. bosco (block bosco (block toothed sinecru); San Diego Is. ENUS : D IPLOMALA G ENUS : D IPLOMALA
D. ingens (southern ingens (southern greater sinecru); southern San Diego Is. D. titanas (northern titanas (northern greater sinecru); northern San Diego Is. G ENUS : C ERVAINA ENUS : C ERVAINA
C. asunethistus (forest asunethistus (forest sinecru); s inecru); extreme southern Batavia. C. herbivora (leaf herbivora (leaf eating sinecru); throughout Batavia. Batavia. C. pselomutes (high pselomutes (high necked sinecru); central and southern Batavia. C. tachuteta (treeing tachuteta (treeing sinecru); central Batavia.
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ARSUPIALIA; Family: M ACROPODIDAE ACROPODIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: M ARSUPIALIA
Time period: Age of Man to 60 million mill ion years AM. Separated into 3 sub-families: Urolaginae Urolagus Dendroramus Latrogalea Petaurogale Phalangeria
Macropodinae Silfrangerus Orelaphas Carnophalanger Thylocunelus Macropus Wallabia Xirolagus Lambeifer Erythriops Micronyx Megapodopsis Galaziops
Setonyger Pholidurulus Protorous Thylagus Aglaothylus Cangurous Thylognathus Epularia Marceseres Aneura Osphranter Megaleia
ENUS : U ROLAGUS G ENUS : U ROLAGUS
U. beersi (gray beersi (gray tree wallaby); southern GBM. U. caninus (canine caninus (canine tree wallaby); NSW. U. didelphinus (pygmy didelphinus (pygmy tree wallaby); wallaby); NSW and Queensland. U. dorsalis (gold dorsalis (gold striped tree wallaby); north-central Queensland. U. melanoleucas (black melanoleucas (black and white tree wallaby); wallaby); Queensland. Q ueensland. U. pithecoides (leaping pithecoides (leaping tree wallaby); wallaby); southern Queensland Q ueensland to NSW. NSW . U. ursinus (bear ursinus (bear wallaby); northern Queensland. ENUS : S ILFRANGERUS G ENUS : S ILFRANGERUS
S. giganteus (greater giganteus (greater gigantala); Queensland to Vict oria. S. novaehollandae (lesser novaehollandae (lesser gigantala); Queensland. G ENUS : ORELAPHAS ENUS : O
O. bombytrichus (silky bombytrichus (silky mountain wallaby); GBM. O. dorcopsis (dorcas dorcopsis (dorcas mountain wallaby); GBM. O. megalonyx (long megalonyx (long clawed mountain wallaby); GBM. O. nudipes (naked nudipes (naked soled mountain wallaby); GBM. O. petrobasia (cave petrobasia (cave mountain wallaby); GBM. G ENUS : C ENUS : C ARNOPHALANGER
C. cynocephalus (lesser cynocephalus (lesser caroroo); Western Australia. C. nyctes (night nyctes (night caroroo); Victoria. C. rex (king rex (king caroroo); Queensland to Victoria. G ENUS : THYLOCUNELUS ENUS :
T. dromiceoides (araroo); dromiceoides (araroo); Western Australia. ENUS : M ACROPUS G ENUS : M
M. adipis (fat adipis (fat kangaroo); South and Western Australia. M. australis (tasmanian australis (tasmanian kangaroo kangaroo); ); Tasmania. M. eucinetos (desert eucinetos (desert kangaroo); Western Australia. M. laticeps (flat laticeps (flat crowned kangaroo); NSW. M. ornatus (blotched ornatus (blotched kangaroo); kangaroo); Queensland to NSW . G ENUS : W ENUS : W ALLABIA
sub-genus: Parwallabia W. crassicaudata (fat crassicaudata (fat tailed wallaby); Western Australia. W. hadrothylus (bulky hadrothylus (bulky wallaby); wallaby); South Australia. sub-genus: Wallabia W. acuticaudatus (slender acuticaudatus (slender tip wallaby); Northern Territories.
Peradoradinae Peradoros Petradoras Polylagus
33
W. hirsutis (wirehaired hirsutis (wirehaired wallaby); wallaby); Tasmania. W. murinus (mouse murinus (mouse wallaby); north Western Australia. W. ochra (gold ochra (gold orange wallaby); wallaby); central c entral Australia. W. nigriscens (black nigriscens (black faced wallaby); wallaby); T asmania. G ENUS : X X IROLAGUS ENUS : IROLAGUS
X. incultus (dusky incultus (dusky desert wallaby); Western Australia. ENUS : L G ENUS : L AMBEIFER
L. rhinoceros (one rhinoceros (one lumped cornuroo); Victoria and South Aust ralia. L. tricornis (three tricornis (three lumped cornuroo); Victoria. G ENUS : E RYTHRIOPS ENUS : E RYTHRIOPS
E. chrysogaster (gold chrysogaster (gold bellied ruby r uby kangaroo); kangaroo); Queensland. E. gracilis (graceful gracilis (graceful ruby kangaroo); Northern Territories. E. meleventer (black meleventer (black bellied ruby kangaroo); kangaroo); Queensland to NSW . G ENUS : M ICRONYX ENUS : M ICRONYX
M. squamicaudata (small-clawed squamicaudata (small-clawed wallaby); wallaby); Northern N orthern Territories. ENUS : M EGAPODOPSIS G ENUS : M EGAPODOPSIS
M. albiventer (white albiventer (white bellied podaroo); South Australia. M. rufus (red rufus (red podaroo); Northern Territories and South Aus tralia. M. tetradactylus (western tetradactylus (western podaroo); podaroo); W estern Australia. ENUS : D ENDRORAMUS G ENUS : D ENDRORAMUS
D. kallus (striped kallus (striped climbing kangaroo); NSW and Victoria. D. lepidus (rabbit lepidus (rabbit eared climbing kangaroo); kangaroo); Victoria. D. megalurus (thick megalurus (thick tailed climbing kangaroo); Victoria to South Australia. D. saltadoros (adorne saltadoros (adorned d climbing kangaroo); kangaroo); Queensland. Q ueensland. D. scandes (common scandes (common climbing kangaroo); Queensland to NSW. D. vulgaris (eastern vulgaris (eastern climbing kangaroo); Queensland to South Australia. G ENUS : G ENUS : G ALAZIOPS
G. striatus (blue-gray striatus (blue-gray kangaroo); kangaroo); South Australia. G ENUS : S ETONYGER ENUS : S ETONYGER
S. echinus (small echinus (small spined kangaroo); Northern Territories. S. gigas (giant gigas (giant spined kangaroo); Northern Territories. S. stegospinus (spine stegospinus (spine backed kangaroo); kangaroo); W estern Australia. G ENUS : P HOLIDURULUS ENUS : P HOLIDURULUS
P. muriculus (maiaroo); muriculus (maiaroo); Western Australia. ENUS : P ROTOROUS G ENUS : P ROTOROUS
P. eos (protoroo eos (protoroo); ); most of eastern Australia. G ENUS : T HYLAGUS ENUS : T HYLAGUS
T. macrotis (large macrotis (large eared hare kangaroo); kangaroo); W estern Australia. T. rubricollis (rufus rubricollis (rufus necked hare kangaroo); kangaroo); Northern Territories. ENUS : L G ENUS : L ATROGALEA
L. agilis (agile agilis (agile barking kangaroo); kangaroo); NSW . L. cervinus (deer cervinus (deer footed barking kangaroo); kangaroo); Queensland and NSW . L. fulgens (golden fulgens (golden barking kangaroo); kangaroo); Queensland Q ueensland to South Australia. Aust ralia. L. gazella (plains gazella (plains barking kangaroo); NSW.
34
G ENUS : P ETAUROGALE ENUS : P ETAUROGALE
P. pterosus (flying pterosus (flying tree tr ee wallaby); wallaby); Queensland. Q ueensland. G ENUS : P HALANGERIA ENUS : P HALANGERIA
P. longidactyla (long longidactyla (long fingered tree wallaby); wallaby); southern Queensland and NSW . P. pithecochirus (monkey pithecochirus (monkey like tree wallaby); wallaby); Queensland Q ueensland and Northern Territories. G ENUS : A AGLAOTHYLUS ENUS :
A. leucogaster (black leucogaster (black and white rock wallaby); Queensland. A. melanurus (brush melanurus (brush tailed rock wallaby); Northern Territories. A. ornithomimoides (greater ornithomimoides (greater rock wallaby); Western Australia and South Australia. A. purpucollis (purple purpucollis (purple naped rock wallaby); Northern Territories and Queensland. A. superbus (ringtail superbus (ringtail rock wallaby); Western Australia, parts of Northern Territories. G ENUS : C ENUS : C ANGUROUS
C. antilope (stripe antilope (stripe bellied kangaroo); Victoria and South Austr alia. C. rufina (greater rufina (greater red kangaroo); kangaroo); W estern Australia. C. cellata (spotted cellata (spotted kangaroo); east-coastal Australia. C. lineata (lined lineata (lined kangaroo); Tasmania. T asmania. C. meridionalis meridionalis (northern (northern ornate kangaroo); kangaroo); Queensland Q ueensland and Northern Territories. G ENUS : T HYLOGNATHUS ENUS : T HYLOGNATHUS
T. breviceps (cheek breviceps (cheek pouched kangaroo); kangaroo); Western W estern Australia and Northern Territories. T erritories. G ENUS : E PULARIA ENUS : E PULARIA
E. scopus (cliff scopus (cliff wallaby); central Australia. G ENUS : M ENUS : M ARCESCERES
M. erectus ; New Guinea. ENUS : G ENUS : A ANEURA
A. ecaudatus (tailless ecaudatus (tailless kangaroo); throughout Australia. G ENUS : OSPHRANTER ENUS : O
O. elegans (ringed elegans (ringed kangaroo); east-coastal Australia. ENUS : M EGALEIA G ENUS : M EGALEIA
M. fugax (long fugax (long legged kangaroo); Queensland to New Guinea. G ENUS : P ERADOROS ENUS : P ERADOROS
P. divinus ; South Is. New Zealand P. franklandi ; North Is. New Zealand. P. novaeseelandae ; New Zealand P. pernix ; central New Zealand P. propithecinus ; central New Zealand P. rupes ; central New Zealand P. scurra ; northern and central New Zealand P. socius ; southern New Zeala Z ealand. nd. P. volcans ; central and southern New Zealand. G ENUS : P ETRADORAS ENUS : P ETRADORAS
P. concolor ; central New Zealand. P. pennicillata ; central New Zealand. P. permixtio ; southern New Zealand. P. rupestris ; central New N ew Zealand. Zealand. G ENUS : P OLYLAGUS ENUS : P OLYLAGUS
P. paniscus ; North Is. New Zealand.
35
ODENTIA; Family: T APIMURIDAE APIMURIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: R ODENTIA
Time period: 10-20 million years y ears AM. ENUS : T APIMUS G ENUS : T
T. cavia (cavy cavia (cavy tapimus); upper Amazonia. T. maximus (greater maximus (greater tapimus); Amazonia to Chile. T. ungulatus (3-toed ungulatus (3-toed tapimus); Central America. G ENUS : L ASIOMUS ENUS : L
L. hirsutis (shag-rat); hirsutis (shag-rat); northern USA and most of Canada. L. walli (southern walli (southern shag-rat) southern USA.
RELATEBRATA; Family: U NGULASCELIDIDAE NGULASCELIDIDAE (Est. 1995) Order: T RELATEBRATA
Time period: 5-30 million years AM. G ENUS : U NGULASCELIDES ENUS : U NGULASCELIDES
U. agrupnus (striped agrupnus (striped shrubuck); southern Africa. U. dorcas (dorcas dorcas (dorcas shrubuck); central and southern Africa. U. megalotis (large megalotis (large eared shrubuck); central Africa. U. mortenseni (mortensen’s shrubuck); eastern Africa. U. vulgaris (common vulgaris (common shrubuck); throughout Africa. ENUS : T RACHYZOON G ENUS : T RACHYZOON
T. beloudo (migrating beloudo (migrating shrubuck); Africa, south of Sahara. T. dromeas (fast dromeas (fast shrubuck); western Africa. T. gazella (mountain gazella (mountain shrubuck); northern Africa. T. laniger (woolly laniger (woolly shrubuck); Mozambique, Zimbabwe to South Africa. T. plemmurise (nobile plemmurise (nobile shrubuck); central Africa. T. sousourada (spot sousourada (spot rumped shrubuck); central and southern Africa. G ENUS : R ENUS : R ARITUDO
R. manungulus (3-toed manungulus (3-toed shrubuck); central and southern Africa. G ENUS : S COPULUS ENUS : S COPULUS
S. insolens (cliff insolens (cliff shrubuck); Afro-european Mtns. G ENUS : M ENUS : M ANANASUS
M. subjubas (forest subjubas (forest shrubuck); central Europe. G ENUS : V ENUS : V ARICARES
V. abyssinica (abyssinian abyssinica (abyssinian shrubuck); northern Africa. V. eremos (sahara eremos (sahara shrubuck); Sahara Desert region. V. vitalis (europea vitalis (european n shrubuck); shrubuc k); eastern Europe.
ARSUPIALIA; Family: T HYLASUIDAE HYLASUIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: M ARSUPIALIA
Time period: 30-40 million years y ears AM. G ENUS : T HYLASUS ENUS : T HYLASUS
T. virgatus (posset); virgatus (posset); east-coastal Australia.
36
ODENTIA; Family: C ASTORIDAE ASTORIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: R ODENTIA
Time period: Age of Man to 30 million mill ion years AM. ENUS : H YDROBODIUS G ENUS : H YDROBODIUS
H. australis ; Southern Ocean. G ENUS : C ENUS : C ASTOR
C. cenomyops (paddling cenomyops (paddling beaver); USA. C. pacificatus (pacific pacificatus (pacific beaver); western USA. C. vulgaris (common vulgaris (common beaver); beaver); central and western USA. G ENUS : P HOCAPOTAMUS ENUS : P HOCAPOTAMUS
P. lutuphagus (mud lutuphagus (mud gulper); Chile and Argentina. G ENUS : M ELLECASTOR ENUS : M ELLECASTOR
M. pinnapus (long pinnapus (long clawed beaver); Colombia to Peru. ENUS : T ROGONOMYS G ENUS : T ROGONOMYS
T. calura ; central Canada C anada.. T. derbyanus ; central and eastern USA. T. irrupta ; western USA. T. raphanurus ; southern Canada, northern USA. G ENUS : N EOCASTOR ENUS : N EOCASTOR
N. adusta ; eastern Europe. N. scalops ; western Europe. G ENUS : C ENUS : C APRIMNUS
C. domina ; Chile and Argentina. C. incana ; Central America to northern Brazil. C. invicta ; southern s outhern Mexico, northern Amazonia. C. phaea ; Amazonia. C. xerophila ; Peru to Uruguay. ENUS : C ASTORELLA G ENUS : C
C. rapposa ; western China to northern India. C. scapulata ; USSR. C. velutina ; China to Siberia.
37
ARSUPIALIA; Family: D ASYURIDAE ASYURIDAE (Est. 1996) Order: M ARSUPIALIA
Time period: Age of Man to 10 million mill ion years AM. Separated into 2 sub-families: Dasyurinae Spilotigris Dasyurus Dasyuroides
Phascogalinae Phascogale Myoictis Phascolosorex Antechinus Sminthopsis Dasycercus
ENUS : S PILOTIGRIS G ENUS : S PILOTIGRIS
S. musculus (marsupial “tiger”); east and central Australia. G ENUS : M YOICTIS ENUS : M YOICTIS
M. bistriatus (2 lined marsupial “cat”); eastern Australia. M. dorsalis (striped marsupial “cat”); Victoria. M. melas (3 melas (3 striped marsupial “cat”); New Guinea. G ENUS : P HASCOGALE ENUS : P HASCOGALE
P. felina (feline felina (feline tuan); Northern Territories. P. naso (long naso (long nosed tuan); Western Australia. P. superba (superb superba (superb tuan); southern Western Australia. G ENUS : D ENUS : D ASYURUS
D. flaviventer (yellow flaviventer (yellow bellied bellied quoll); Victoria Vi ctoria to South Australia. Aus tralia. D. marmoreus (marbled marmoreus (marbled quoll); NSW and Victoria. D. martes (common martes (common quoll); Western and central Australia. D. servalinus (servaline servalinus (servaline quoll); eastern Australia. D. spilus (freckled spilus (freckled quoll); Queensland. G ENUS : D ENUS : D ASYUROIDES
D. bellicus (greater bellicus (greater quoll); Western Australia. ENUS : P HASCOLOSOREX G ENUS : P HASCOLOSOREX
P. doriae (doria doriae (doria marsupial shrew); New Guinea. P. talpinus (marsupial talpinus (marsupial shrew); New Guinea. G ENUS : A ANTECHINUS ENUS :
A. argentiventris (silvery argentiventris (silvery antechinus); Queensland. A. brunnea (brown brunnea (brown antechinus); Western Australia. A. flavipes (golden flavipes (golden footed antechinus); Western Australia. A. melanurus (stripe melanurus (stripe tailed antechinus); Pecaus Is. A. minimus (lesser minimus (lesser antechinus); Queensland. Q ueensland. A. obscurus (dusky obscurus (dusky antechinus); Pecaus Is. A. ochrefrons (ochre ochrefrons (ochre fronted antechinus); Papua, New Guinea. A. phountaurus (brush phountaurus (brush tailed antechinus); NSW to Victoria. A. wilhelmina wilhelmina (wilhelmina’s antechinus); Western Australia. G ENUS : S MINTHOPSIS ENUS : S MINTHOPSIS
S. crassicauda (thick crassicauda (thick tailed dunnart); Western Australia. S. formosa (lovely formosa (lovely dunnart); NSW. S. granulipes ; eastern Australia. S. griseus (grizzled griseus (grizzled dunnart); New Guinea. S. longicaudata (long longicaudata (long tailed dunnart); Western Australia and Northern Territories. S. macroura ; South Australia. S. musculus (greater musculus (greater dunnart); Papua, New Guinea.
38
G ENUS : D ENUS : D ASYCERCUS
D. myops ; Western and central Australia.
39
NSECTIVORA; Family: E RINACEIDAE RINACEIDAE (Est. 1995) Order: I NSECTIVORA
Time period: Age of Man to 15 million mill ion years AM. Separated into 2 sub-families: Erinaceinae Erinaceus Paracanthus Hemiechinus
Hylomys Neotetracus Echinosorex
Pithecurinae Pithecurus Dendroechinus Gliropetes Sylvericus
ENUS : P ITHECURUS G ENUS : P ITHECURUS
P. fasciatus (monkey tailed tree “shrew”); central African rainforests. G ENUS : E RINACEUS ENUS : E RINACEUS
E. amurensis (mountain amurensis (mountain hedgehog); hedgehog); GBM, New Guinea. E. separatum (lemurian separatum (lemurian hedgehog); central Lemuria. E. ugandensis (african ugandensis (african forest hedgehog); central African rainforests. G ENUS : D ENDROECHINUS ENUS : D ENDROECHINUS
D. longicaudatus (long longicaudatus (long tailed spineless hedgehog); northern and central Lemuria. D. sylvia (spineless sylvia (spineless hedgehog); central Lemuria. ENUS : P ARACANTHUS G ENUS : P
P. europaeus (europea europaeus (european n hedgehog); continental Europe, into int o USSR. P. myocaudatus (rat myocaudatus (rat tailed hedgehog); USSR. G ENUS : G LIROPETES ENUS : G LIROPETES
G. crassicaudatus (thick crassicaudatus (thick tailed spineless hedgehog); northern India, western China. ENUS : S YLVERICUS G ENUS : S YLVERICUS
S. asiaticus ; China and Mongolia. S. australis ; GBM. S. hypomelas ; India and China. S. prehensalis ; Eurasia. S. simias ; northern GBM. G ENUS : H YLOMYS ENUS : H YLOMYS
H. melampus ; southern India. H. suillus ; southern China. H. suncus ; soutern China Chi na and Korea. ENUS : N EOTETRACUS G ENUS : N EOTETRACUS
N. murinus ; India. G ENUS : N EOHYLOMYS ENUS : N EOHYLOMYS
N. sinensis ; central China. ENUS : E CHINOSOREX G ENUS : E CHINOSOREX
E. gymnurus (greater gymnurus (greater gymnure); India and China. E. rata (lesser rata (lesser gymnure); central and southern India. I ndia. G ENUS : H EMIECHINUS ENUS : H EMIECHINUS
H. collaris (collared collaris (collared hedgehog); Arabia. H. dauuricus (long dauuricus (long eared hedgehog); Sahara Desert.
40
ARNIVORA; Family: C YNOVULPIDAE YNOVULPIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: C ARNIVORA
Time period: 15-50 million years y ears AM. ENUS : C YNOVULPES G ENUS : C YNOVULPES
sub-genus: Cynovulpes C. cynovulpes (eastern cynovulpes (eastern bear fox); eastern Australia. C. montanus (mountain montanus (mountain bear fox); GBM region, northern Queensland. sub-genus: Tsakalia C. americanus (american americanus (american bear fox); Alaska, Canada, northern USA. C. siberica (siberian siberica (siberian bear fox); Eurasia. G ENUS : D ENDROCYNUS ENUS : D ENDROCYNUS
D. formosus (greater formosus (greater tree fox); Peru to Argentina. Ar gentina. ENUS : P ARDAVULPES G ENUS : P
P. maculatus (spotted maculatus (spotted dog); Venezuela, Colombia to Peru. G ENUS : V ULPELLA ENUS : V ULPELLA
V. mitis (little mitis (little tree fox); Peru to Chile. G ENUS : D ENUS : D ASPLETARCTOS
D. arcticus (polar arcticus (polar fox); Alaska, Canada, Scandinavia. G ENUS : ORNATURUS ENUS : O
O. septentrionalis (northern septentrionalis (northern ringtail f ox); northern Amazonia, Amazonia, Central America. O. tropicalis (common tropicalis (common ringtail f ox); Amazonia. G ENUS : V ELOCITHERIUM ENUS : V ELOCITHERIUM
V. barbatum (bearded barbatum (bearded coursing fox); Mexico to northern countries of South America, circling Amazonia. V. cynoides (island cynoides (island coursing fox); San Diego Is. G ENUS : D YNAMARCTOS ENUS : D YNAMARCTOS
D. torosus (mountain torosus (mountain fox); Andes Mtns. G ENUS : OREALOPEX ENUS : O
O. megalotis (big megalotis (big eared mountain fox); Afro-europe Af ro-european an Mtns.
41
ARNIVORA; Family: P ARAPHOCIDAE ARAPHOCIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: C ARNIVORA
Time period: 30-100 million years AM. ENUS : P ARAPHOCA G ENUS : P
Sub-genus: Paraphoca P. arcticus (arctic arcticus (arctic seal); Arctic Ocean and surrounding waters. P. infulus (adorned infulus (adorned seal); south coastal USA. P. megalurus (thicktailed megalurus (thicktailed seal); San Diego Is. area. P. pterogale (long pterogale (long finned seal); north coastal USA. P. vulgaris (san vulgaris (san diego seal); San Diego Is. and west coastal USA. sub-genus: Phoconyx P. scandes (glacier scandes (glacier seal); northern Alaska and Canada. G ENUS : U ROPHOCA ENUS : U ROPHOCA
U. indigena (northern indigena (northern river seal); inland USA, Mississippi River. G ENUS : P HOKIA ENUS : P HOKIA
P. jubatus (maned jubatus (maned seal); Europe and Scandinavia. G ENUS : M ONACHITUS ENUS : M ONACHITUS
M. solitus (solitary solitus (solitary seal); waters around Europe and north Af rica. ENUS : M EGALOPHOCA G ENUS : M EGALOPHOCA
M. immanis (great immanis (great seal); southern South America and Africa. G ENUS : G ORGONA ENUS : G ORGONA
G. herbivora (kelp herbivora (kelp seal); San Diego Is, western USA. G ENUS : M ESOPHOCA ENUS : M ESOPHOCA
M. australis (southern australis (southern river seal); Buenos Aires, La Plata Basin. M. labrum (amazon labrum (amazon river seal); Amazon River and tributaries. G ENUS : LELASIA ENUS : L
L. capensis (cape capensis (cape seal); Indian and Atlantic sides of southern Africa. L. indica (indian indica (indian seal); Indian Ocean. L. phocaeus (atlantic phocaeus (atlantic common seal); eastern USA, western Europe. G ENUS : E UFOEDES ENUS : E UFOEDES
sub-genus: Eufoedes E. megapterus (paddle megapterus (paddle finned angel seal); Antarctica. sub-genus: Aggelophoca E. leucas (white leucas (white angel seal); Antarctica. G ENUS : C OLUMPIPHONIUM ENUS : C OLUMPIPHONIUM
sub-genus: Columpiphonium C. pelagius (stalking pelagius (stalking seal); Southern Ocean. Oc ean. C. saevus (hunting saevus (hunting seal); Southern Ocean. sub-genus: Thalassophonia C. leptos (slender leptos (slender stalking seal); central Atlantic Ocean areas. G ENUS : I CHTHYARCTOS ENUS : I CHTHYARCTOS
I. albus (arctic albus (arctic bear seal); Arctic Ocean. I. krolovici (krolovich’s bear seal); northern Atlantic. I. laniger (long laniger (long haired bear seal); Arctic Ocean. I. pterursus (large pterursus (large finned bear seal); around Europe and Scandinavia. I. sinensis (asian sinensis (asian bear seal); Pacific around Asia and China. I. tenuis (little tenuis (little bear seal); Scandinavia.
42
G ENUS : A ARCTONYCHOTES ENUS :
A. antilope (slender antilope (slender bear seal); Antarctica. A. apalos (powerful apalos (powerful bear seal); Antarctica. A. leptonychus (long leptonychus (long clawed bear seal); Antarctica. bear seal); Antarctic a. A. luceyi (lucey’s bear G ENUS : A ALLAGEODON ENUS :
A. megalognathus (large megalognathus (large tusked seal); Antarctica.
ARNIVORA; Family: F ELIDAE ELIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: C ARNIVORA
Time period: Age of Man to 5 million mi llion years AM. ENUS : F ELIS G ENUS : F ELIS
sub-genus: Felis F. brevicaudatus (short brevicaudatus (short tailed cat); China, Japan, India to Australia, even parts of Europe and Africa. F. gymnurus (rat gymnurus (rat tailed cat); most of Europe and USSR. F. longicaudatus (long longicaudatus (long tailed cat); Australia, GBM. F. minutus (lesser minutus (lesser cat); Mexico to Argentina. F. squamipes (scaly squamipes (scaly footed cat); Europe to central Africa. sub-genus: Apertauris F. murinus (murine murinus (murine cat); throughout USA. ENUS : H YDRULUS G ENUS : H YDRULUS
H. aquaticus (hydric aquaticus (hydric cat); eastern USA.
ARNIVORA; Family: B AROFELIDAE AROFELIDAE (Est. 2009) Order: C ARNIVORA
Time period: 5 to 15 million milli on years AM G ENUS : B AROFELIS ENUS : B
B. leo ; Chile to Argentina. B. major ; Amazonia. B. megalodonta ; mountains of Peru. B. septentrionalis ; Mexico, southern USA. B. ursinus ; Peru to Chile.
RDER : C ARNIVORA; F AMILY : A ST . 2009) O RDER : C ARNIVORA ; F AMILY : AILUROCYONIDAE (E ST
Time period: 15-35 million years y ears AM ENUS : G ENUS : A AILUROCYON
A. lutrinus (thick-tailed lutrinus (thick-tailed raccoon-cat); southern USA. A. mexicanus (mexican mexicanus (mexican raccoon-cat); Texas, Mexico. A. palludinus palludinus (swamp (swamp raccoon-cat); southeastern USA. A. pardus (american pardus (american raccoon-cat); mid-western USA. A. sphinx (slender sphinx (slender raccoon-cat); western USA. A. telmatus (southern telmatus (southern raccoon-cat); Florida, Georgia. A. trichotis (tufted-eared trichotis (tufted-eared raccoon-cat); Canada, most of northern USA. G ENUS : P ENUS : P ARAFELIS
P. fulgur (greater fulgur (greater raccoon-cat); Chile to Argentina. P. pooecetes (savanna pooecetes (savannah h raccoon-cat); southern South America. P. redolus (jungle redolus (jungle raccoon-cat); southern s outhern Mexico. P. rhops (bush-cat); rhops (bush-cat); Amazonia. Amazonia. P. sylvestris (amazon sylvestris (amazon raccoon-cat); Amazonia. ENUS : S ONORAFELIS G ENUS : S ONORAFELIS
S. aridus (desert aridus (desert raccoon-cat); southwestern USA. S. maculatus (spotted maculatus (spotted raccoon-cat); southern USA.
43
G ENUS : M ONTANOFELIS ENUS : M ONTANOFELIS
M. coloradoensis (rocky coloradoensis (rocky mountain raccoon-cat); Rocky Mountains, USA. M. sylvanus (forest sylvanus (forest raccoon-cat); Rocky Mountains, USA. Particularly common in Montana and Wyoming.
ARSUPIALIA; Family: T HYLAPITHECIDAE HYLAPITHECIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: M ARSUPIALIA
Time period: 15-30 million years y ears AM G ENUS : T HYLAPITHECUS ENUS : T HYLAPITHECUS
T. rufus (chuckaboo); rufus (chuckaboo); eastern Australia. ENUS : C ARNOPHILIUS G ENUS : C
C. ophicaudatus (hiri-hiri); ophicaudatus (hiri-hiri); Tasmania.
44
ODENTIA; Family: C AROMURIDAE AROMURIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: R ODENTIA
Time period: 10-30 million years y ears AM. Separated into 2 sub-families: Caromurinae Smilomys Vulpemys Caromus Viverinus Amphimorphodus Procyonomys Sarcophagomys Lophogomphus
Cynoformis Coelicticus Megaloraptor Monarchomys Ailurotheria Compsomys Dryptomys Ravennia
Thalassomurinae Scinderidens Thalassomus
ENUS : S MILOMYS G ENUS : S MILOMYS
S. atrox (bardelot); atrox (bardelot); northern Asia to Canada. G ENUS : V ULPEMYS ENUS : V ULPEMYS
V. albulus (polar albulus (polar ravene); northern Asia to Canada. V. ferox (temperate ferox (temperate ravene); northern USA. ENUS : C AROMUS G ENUS : C
C. lophidens (crested lophidens (crested tooth kookaboo); kookaboo); eastern Australia. C. silvestris (forest silvestris (forest kookaboo); New Guinea. C. trux (western trux (western kookaboo); kookaboo); Western W estern Australia. G ENUS : S CINDERIDENS ENUS : S CINDERIDENS
S. solungulus (distarterops); solungulus (distarterops); north Atlantic Ocean. G ENUS : T HALASSOMUS ENUS : T HALASSOMUS
T. piscivorus (pytheron); piscivorus (pytheron); north Pacific Ocean. G ENUS : V IVERINUS ENUS : V IVERINUS
V. breviceps (janiset); breviceps (janiset); southern India, GBM. ENUS : G ENUS : A AMPHIMORPHODUS
sub-genus: Amphimorphodus A. cynomorphus (falanx); cynomorphus (falanx); southern Africa. A. longipes (rapide); longipes (rapide); central Africa. sub-genus: Cynomus A. hirsuticaudis ; Europe to Mongolia. G ENUS : P ROCYONOMYS ENUS : P ROCYONOMYS
P. torquatus (raccoon-like torquatus (raccoon-like sevet); sevet); central c entral and southern Africa. Afric a. ENUS : S ARCOPHAGOMYS G ENUS : S
S. viverroides (madagascan viverroides (madagascan sevet); Madagascar. G ENUS : LOPHOGOMPHUS ENUS : L
L. atrox (eurasian atrox (eurasian sevet); Eurasia and India. L. ebenum (ebony ebenum (ebony sevet); central African rainforests. L. munditia (long munditia (long toothed sevet); eastern Africa. L. tricuspis (southern tricuspis (southern sevet); South African Afr ican province. G ENUS : C YNOFORMIS ENUS : C YNOFORMIS
C. lutrinus (lutrine lutrinus (lutrine sevet); central USA.
45
G ENUS : C OELICTICUS ENUS : C OELICTICUS
C. ingens (slender ingens (slender ravene); Lemuria. G ENUS : M EGALORAPTOR ENUS : M EGALORAPTOR
M. dynamus (great dynamus (great ravene); ravene); Africa, Afr ica, south of Sahara. Sahara. ENUS : M ONARCHOMYS G ENUS : M ONARCHOMYS
M. ardens (jungle ardens (jungle monarch ravene); central African rainforests. M. asiatica (asian asiatica (asian monarch ravene); ravene); USSR to India. M. regia (savanna regia (savanna monarch monarch ravene); ravene); southern Africa. ENUS : G ENUS : A AILUROTHERIA
A. asper (lemurian asper (lemurian woolly sevet); southern Lemuria. A. foedus (musky foedus (musky woolly sevet); sevet); central and southern s outhern Africa. A. rotunda (ringneck rotunda (ringneck woolly seve sevet); t); central c entral Africa. A. torvus (torvid torvus (torvid woolly sevet); Lemuria. ENUS : C OMPSOMYS G ENUS : C OMPSOMYS
C. musculus (pretty musculus (pretty ravene); ravene); central Af rica. G ENUS : D RYPTOMUS ENUS : D RYPTOMUS
D. grypus (gray grypus (gray ravene); Eurasia. G ENUS : R ENUS : R AVENNIA
R. heterodontus (many heterodontus (many toothed ravene); ravene); Western Australia.
ARNIVORA; Family: C HAITHARCTIDAE HAITHARCTIDAE (Est. 1999) Order: C ARNIVORA
Time period: 5-15 million years AM G ENUS : C HAITHARCTOS ENUS : C HAITHARCTOS
C. piscatoris ; Arctic, Arct ic, especially around Canadian region.
46
ARNIVORA; Family: O CEARCTIDAE CEARCTIDAE (Est. 1995) Order: C ARNIVORA
Time period: 15-35 million years y ears AM. ENUS : P TEROLOPHUS G ENUS : P TEROLOPHUS
P. barbatus (bearded barbatus (bearded sea bear); Indian Ocean. O cean. P. monocanthus (one monocanthus (one spiked sea bear); Atlantic and Indian Oceans. P. sectedocus (six sectedocus (six spiked sea bear); Atlantic Ocean. ENUS : C EPHAZALOPHUS G ENUS : C EPHAZALOPHUS
C. sphenacanthus (long sphenacanthus (long crested sea bear); Southern Ocean. Oc ean. G ENUS : Z ENUS : Z ALOPHODON
Z. gazella (slender gazella (slender tusked sea bear); south Pacific Ocean. Z. macrognathus (atlantic macrognathus (atlantic sea bear); Atlantic Ocean. Z. ornatigens (red ornatigens (red and purple faced sea bear); Indian Ocean. Z. spathodon (saber spathodon (saber toothed sea bear); Pacific Ocean. Z. thalaceros (elegant thalaceros (elegant crested sea bear); Pacific Ocean. G ENUS : OCEARCTOS ENUS : O
O. lacertosus (antarctic lacertosus (antarctic sea bear); Southern Ocean. O cean.
47
ODENTIA; Family: R EGISCIURIIDAE EGISCIURIIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: R ODENTIA
Time period: 10-40 million years y ears AM. ENUS : V ENATOR G ENUS : V ENATOR
V. insignus (white insignus (white striped uplee); China C hina and Korea. V. pardalina (spotted pardalina (spotted uplee); eastern USA. V. vaquera (powerful vaquera (powerful uplee); western USA. ENUS : R EGISCIURIA G ENUS : R EGISCIURIA
R. gigas (greater gigas (greater aringa); southern GBM. R. nasua (queen nasua (queen aringa); South America, most abundant in Amazonia. Amazonia. R. vulpinus (yellow vulpinus (yellow aringa); Batavian Is. G ENUS : C ENUS : C ALLIXERUS
C. coronatus (crowned coronatus (crowned undaloo); undaloo); GBM. G BM. C. grisecephala (gray grisecephala (gray headed headed undaloo); southern GBM, G BM, northern Australia. C. pennicilata (bushy pennicilata (bushy tailed undaloo); Batavian Is. G ENUS : T ITANADOCUS ENUS : T ITANADOCUS
T. lemuriensis (aradon lemuriensis (aradon); ); Lemuria. T. striaticaudatus (salagon); striaticaudatus (salagon); Europe to Asia. G ENUS : S ENUS : S ARCOSCIURUS
S. antarcticus (southern antarcticus (southern cora); southern Chile and Argentina. S. elegans (elega elegans (elegant nt cora); c ora); Bolivia to Chile. S. ochrifrons (ochre ochrifrons (ochre fronted cora); c ora); Amazonian Brazil. ENUS : E UPANTERUS G ENUS : E UPANTERUS
E. brevipes (short brevipes (short footed showinga); southern India. E. ignigaster (fire ignigaster (fire bellied showinga); India. E. rufina (rufus rufina (rufus showinga); China. ENUS : C ARNOSPERMOPHILUS G ENUS : C
C. montanus (noti); montanus (noti); GBM. G ENUS : D EINOSCIURUS ENUS : D EINOSCIURUS
D. rousettus (tuti); rousettus (tuti); northern Africa. G ENUS : T OROSUS ENUS : T OROSUS
T. torosus (korean torosus (korean elrus); Korea. T. trichus (mongolian trichus (mongolian elrus); Mongolia and western China from Changchun province to Beijing. G ENUS : M ICROSCIUROPSIS ENUS : M ICROSCIUROPSIS
M. antilopinus (antilopine antilopinus (antilopine flicaboo); GBM. M. brevicaudatus (short brevicaudatus (short tailed flicaboo); southern and central India. M. candidus (spirit candidus (spirit white flickaboo); Gobi Desert. M. felina (small felina (small spotted f licaboo); Madagascar. Madagascar. M. macrocephala (galapago macrocephala (galapagos s f licaboo); Galapagos Galapagos IIs. s. M. maculafrons (pecaus maculafrons (pecaus flicaboo); Pecaus Is. M. solitarius (rare solitarius (rare flicaboo); Japan, Ryukyu Is. M. tigrinus (large tigrinus (large spotted flicaboo); Pecaus Is. G ENUS : C HAETUROTHERIA ENUS : C HAETUROTHERIA
C. dendrus (sharanu); dendrus (sharanu); extreme southern Lemuria. C. moloch (nygav moloch (nygavoo); oo); Afro-european Afro-european Mtns, parts of southern Europe.
48
ARNIVORA; Family: P ROCYONIDAE ROCYONIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: C ARNIVORA
Time period: Age of Man to 60 million mill ion years AM. ENUS : P ROCYON G ENUS : P ROCYON
P. australis (southern australis (southern raccoon); Chile and Argentina. P. lotor (common lotor (common raccoon); North and South America. P. unicolor (unadorne unicolor (unadorned d raccoon); Central America. sub-genus: Metacyon P. sapiens (giant sapiens (giant raccoon); central to southern South America.
G ENUS : ONYCHOCYON ENUS : O
O. dinogale (giant dinogale (giant bagaru); Amazonia. Amazonia. O. maeles (badger-like maeles (badger-like bagaru); northern Amazonia. Amazonia. O. sordes (hard sordes (hard muzzled bagaru); Amazonia. Amazonia. G ENUS : N ENUS : N ASUUNGUIS
N. narica (hog narica (hog nosed coati); Paraguay, Paraguay, Argentina, Uruguay. G ENUS : BIDENICTIS ENUS : B
B. ornaticauda (ornate ornaticauda (ornate tailed long tusked coati); Peru to Chile. B. septentrionalis (northern septentrionalis (northern long tusked coati); Amazonia. Amazonia. G ENUS : N EOPROCYON ENUS : N EOPROCYON
N. scandes (arborea scandes (arboreall jentinka); central Amazonia. Amazonia. N. verecundis (masked verecundis (masked jentinka); east coastal Amazonia. N. vulpecula (fox vulpecula (fox jentinka); south eastern coastal Amazonia. N. whittakasi (whittikas’ jentinka); Amazonia. G ENUS : A ALEPOUSA ENUS :
A. fulvus (tawny fulvus (tawny ground jentinka); western USA. A. venator (ground venator (ground jentinka); northwestern USA. ENUS : C ALAMOPHAGUS G ENUS : C
C. candidus (common candidus (common white panda); Mongolia. C. giganteus (bear giganteus (bear like panda); China. C. montifera (australasian montifera (australasian panda); GBM, possibly extreme northern New Guinea. C. ornatus (ornate ornatus (ornate panda); panda); northern GBM. G BM. C. panda (modern panda (modern panda); Indochina, northern GBM.
49
RELATEBRATA; Family: D EINOGNATHIDAE EINOGNATHIDAE (Est. 1993) Order: T RELATEBRATA
Time period: 30-100 million years AM. Separated into 4 sub-families: Deinognathinae Deinognathus Pariteria Orochoreutes Phobodromas Carnoaper Laceraria Myailurus Feresetta Spathodon Murognathinae Murognathus
Ictocamelinae Terromala Carnodorcas Ictocamelus Tamanoa Elaphictis Lucomala
Reginictinae Reginictis Pervada Arenarimor Gorgocinetus Kathetiras Serrodus
ENUS : D EINOGNATHUS G ENUS : D EINOGNATHUS
sub-genus: Deinognathus D. ingens (laughing ingens (laughing feresa); Central America. D. minutus (lesser minutus (lesser feresa); f eresa); Amazonia. Amazonia. D. robustus (rattling robustus (rattling feresa); Peru to Argentina. D. simularis ; northern Argentina tto o Uruguay. sub-genus: Psariferesa D. melas (fishing melas (fishing feresa); northern Amazonia. G ENUS : P ENUS : P ARICTERIA
sub-genus: Paricteria P. candidus (white candidus (white lobuck); Amazonia. Amazonia. P. lupinus (gray lupinus (gray lobuck); central USA, south to northern Chile, C hile, however however absent in Amazonia. Amazonia. sub-genus: Eunuphitsa P. caseyi (casey’s lobuck); Mexico. P. ignitus (firey ignitus (firey lobuck); Central America. G ENUS : OROCHOREUTES ENUS : O
O. johnstoni (johnston’s mountain lobuck); northern Cascade Volcanoes, from Mt. Baker to T hree Sisters range. O. volcanum (rusty volcanum (rusty mountain lobuck); throughout Cascade Volcanoes. G ENUS : P HOBODROMAS ENUS : P HOBODROMAS
P. arborealis (dwarf arborealis (dwarf f eresa); Amazonia. Amazonia. ENUS : C ARNOAPER G ENUS : C
C. snyderi ; northern Eurasia. G ENUS : C ENUS : C ARNODORCAS
C. bicerosus (horned bicerosus (horned feresa); southern USA to Central America. G ENUS : T ERROMALA ENUS : T ERROMALA
T. gracilis (damarundi); gracilis (damarundi); western USA. G ENUS : L ACERARIA ENUS : L
L. mexicana (tigah); mexicana (tigah); Mexico to central and eastern USA.
50
G ENUS : I CTOCAMELUS ENUS : I CTOCAMELUS
I. canadiensis (polar canadiensis (polar tamanoa); Canada and Alaska. I. ictera (central ictera (central american tamanoa); Central America. I. nyctes (night nyctes (night hunting tamanoa); eastern USA. G ENUS : T ENUS : T AMANOA
T. sarcophagus (asian sarcophagus (asian tamanoa); Eurasia. G ENUS : M YAILURUS ENUS : M YAILURUS
M. melampus (black melampus (black footed prehensile tailed lussa); southern GBM, New Guinea, possibly into Queensland. M. prehensacaudis (prehensile prehensacaudis (prehensile tailed lussa); Indochina. M. toxo (ringtailed toxo (ringtailed lussa); GBM. G ENUS : F ERESETTA ENUS : F ERESETTA
F. citrina (pygmy citrina (pygmy feresa); southern South America. F. hydracola (aquatic hydracola (aquatic pygmy feresa); southernmost Mexico, Mexico, and Central America. F. scansor (lilytrotting scansor (lilytrotting feresa); Amazon and tributaries. G ENUS : E LAPHICTIS ENUS : E LAPHICTIS
E. bellua (indochinese bellua (indochinese edoc); China to India. G ENUS : M UROGNATHUS ENUS : M UROGNATHUS
M. melanorufus (red melanorufus (red and black lussa); Batavian Is. M. murinus (lussa); murinus (lussa); Batavian Is. G ENUS : LUCOMALA ENUS : L
L. brevisoma (round brevisoma (round indian tamanoa); southern India. L. perhorridus (himalayan perhorridus (himalayan tamanoa); Himalayan Mtns. ENUS : S PATHODON G ENUS : S PATHODON
sub-genus: Heterospathodon S. augeomolaris (long augeomolaris (long molared conjagurra); South African province. sub-genus: Spathodon S. afra (african afra (african common conjagurra); Africa, south of Sahara. S. deserta (plains deserta (plains conjagurra); southern Africa. S. giganteus (giant giganteus (giant conjagurra); Eurasia. S. insulatus (comoros insulatus (comoros conjagurra); northern Comoros. Comoros. S. lemuriensis (lemurian lemuriensis (lemurian conjagurra); Lemuria. S. montanus (mountain montanus (mountain conjagurra); Afro-european Mtns. S. separatum (madaga separatum (madagascan scan conjagurra); throughout Madagascar. Madagascar. G ENUS : R EGINICTIS ENUS : R EGINICTIS
R. arcticus (scandinavia arcticus (scandinavian n turune); t urune); Scandinavia, northern Europe. Eur ope. R. canadiensis (arctic canadiensis (arctic turune); Arctic Ocean around Canada and Alaska. R. marinus (western marinus (western turune); west coastal USA. G ENUS : P ERVADA ENUS : P ERVADA
P. ammomeles (pecaus ammomeles (pecaus island prober); east coastal Australia and Pecaus Is. P. bata (indian bata (indian jada); coastal India to Australia. P. nopus (australian nopus (australian jada); west-coastal Australia. P. orarius (pacific orarius (pacific prober); both sides of Pacific. G ENUS : A ARENARIMOR ENUS :
A. gradus (black gradus (black fronted lita); eastern Africa. A. grallae (many grallae (many toothed lita); southern Africa. A. inflatus (speckled inflatus (speckled lita); southern Africa. A. litus (common litus (common lita); east coastal Africa, western Lemuria. A. longimallae (long ae (long fingered lita); west coastal Africa. A. sphurolatus (sandy sphurolatus (sandy lita); west coastal Africa.
51
G ENUS : G ORGOCINETUS ENUS : G ORGOCINETUS
G. natambulus (swimming natambulus (swimming prober); both sides of Atlantic. G. tenuis (teacup tenuis (teacup swimming prober); both sides of Atlantic. G ENUS : K ENUS : K ATHETIRAS
K. pusilla (greater pusilla (greater prober); east east coastal USA to South America. G ENUS : S ERRODUS ENUS : S ERRODUS
S. immorsus (saw-heade immorsus (saw-headed d prober); central c entral and southern c coastal oastal South America.
52
NSECTIVORA; Family: S ORICIDAE ORICIDAE (Est. 1995) Order: I NSECTIVORA
Time period: Age of Man to 30 million mill ion years AM. ENUS : M ELESUNCUS G ENUS : M ELESUNCUS
M. monstrosus (rigdon); monstrosus (rigdon); Great Brittish Isles. G ENUS : M IASOREX ENUS : M IASOREX
M. eumater (siberian eumater (siberian jagular); central USSR. M. hardingi (harding’s jagular); Iran and surrounding desert areas. M. jaculari (dromeda jaculari (dromedary ry jagular); deserts of Saudi Arabia. M. nyctes (night nyctes (night jagular); Sahara region, region, especially abundant in Ethiopia. M. saltia (forest saltia (forest jagular); forested areas of Europe. M. scriptitare (burrowing scriptitare (burrowing jagular); Sahara Desert. ENUS : S ORICOGALE G ENUS : S ORICOGALE
S. crassiurus (prock); crassiurus (prock); northern Africa. G ENUS : T ENUS : T ALPIMYS
T. aotis (beav aotis (beaver er shrew); western and central c entral USSR. G ENUS : A ARCTOSOREX ENUS :
A. saevus (ursula); saevus (ursula); San Diego Is. G ENUS : S OREX ENUS : S OREX
S. arcticus (arctic arcticus (arctic shrew); northern USA, southern Canada. S. arizonae (desert arizonae (desert shrew); southeast Arizona, southwest s outhwest New Mexico, northwest northwest Mexico. S. cylindrili c ylindrilicauda cauda (round (round tailed shrew); southern s outhern China and Nepal. S. emarginatus ; west-central Mexico. S. hosonoi (oriental hosonoi (oriental shrew); Mongolia. S. merriami (merriam’s shrew); western USA. S. mirabilis mirabilis (korean (korean shrew); northern Korea to Mongolia. S. nasalis (eastern nasalis (eastern shrew); eastern Australia. S. novaeguineae (papuan novaeguineae (papuan shrew); New Guinea. S. roboratus ; southern China, northern GBM. S. saussurei ; Mexico, Guatemala. S. sclateri ; southern Mexico. S. stizodon ; southern s outhern Mexico. S. thibetanus (tibetan thibetanus (tibetan shrew); China from Tadzhik Mtns. to Tibetan province. S. trowbridgii ; western Canada and USA. S. unguiculatus (siberian unguiculatus (siberian shrew); USSR, Mongolia. Mongolia. S. ventralis ; southern Mexico. G ENUS : M EGALOSOREX ENUS : M EGALOSOREX
M. gigas (mexican gigas (mexican giant shrew); southwest s outhwest Mexico. G ENUS : N ECTOGALE ENUS : N ECTOGALE
N. elegans (chinese elegans (chinese water shrew); south central China. N. myomorpha (indian myomorpha (indian water shrew); southeast India. G ENUS : S UNCUS ENUS : S UNCUS
S. etruscus (savi’s pygmy shrew); southern Europe, northern and eastern Africa. S. infinitesimus ; central and southern Africa. S. madagascariensis (malagasy madagascariensis (malagasy shrew); central Madagascar. Madagascar. S. murinus (musk murinus (musk shrew); Arabia, Eurasia. S. remyi (remy’s pygmy shrew); Gabon. S. varilla ; Lemuria.
53
G ENUS : D IPLOMESODON ENUS : D IPLOMESODON
D. pulchellum (turkestan pulchellum (turkestan desert shrew); southern USSR. D. versicolor (pied versicolor (pied desert shrew); southern USSR, southeast Europe.
54
ARNIVORA; Family: V ULPEMUSTELIDAE ULPEMUSTELIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: C ARNIVORA
Time period: 20-100 million years AM. Separated into 3 sub-families: Vulpemustelinae Nanomustela Vulpemustela Compsomustela Oreomustela Phobogula Nuphitsa
Hastatinae Hastatus
Aquaictinae Thalictis Aquaictis Ictopotamus
ENUS : N ANOMUSTELA G ENUS : N
N. ornata (shinx); ornata (shinx); GBM range, particularly northern mountains. G ENUS : V ULPEMUSTELA ENUS : V ULPEMUSTELA
V. acer (pamthrit); acer (pamthrit); western USA. G ENUS : OREOMUSTELA ENUS : O
O. altifera (shurrack); altifera (shurrack); Afro-european Mtns. G ENUS : H ENUS : H ASTATUS
H. fluxio (southern fluxio (southern ladsa); Argentina. H. foedeus (skunk foedeus (skunk ladsa); northeastern Amazonia. Amazonia. H. labia (american labia (american ladsa); southern USA. H. lapsus (flat lapsus (flat ladsa); Bolivia to Peru. H. latiferox (sword latiferox (sword ladsa); central c entral Amazonia. H. lentiginosus (spectacled lentiginosus (spectacled ladsa); southern s outhern Amazonia. H. maculosus (spotted maculosus (spotted ladsa); Central America. H. occultatio (river occultatio (river ladsa); eastern Amazonia. H. volans (gliding volans (gliding ladsa); c entral Amazonia. Amazonia. G ENUS : C OMPSOMUSTELA ENUS : C OMPSOMUSTELA
C. agilis (long agilis (long legged jigadern); Bolivia to Chile. C. bellessa (beautiful bellessa (beautiful jigadern); Chile and Argentina. C. chiliensis (andes chiliensis (andes jigadern); Chile. G ENUS : P HOBOGULA ENUS : P HOBOGULA
P. arctoides (syrrac); arctoides (syrrac); Canada and down central USA. P. niveus (snow-stalker); niveus (snow-stalker); northern USA. ENUS : T HALICTIS G ENUS : T HALICTIS
T. atlanticus (atlantic atlanticus (atlantic juriffar); Atlantic Ocean. T. euroafricanus (north euroafricanus (north atlantic juriffar); northeast Atlantic around Brittan, western Europe, and Africa. T. lutrinus (arctic lutrinus (arctic sea juriffar); Arctic Ocean. T. tricha (pacific tricha (pacific juriffar); Pacific Ocean. G ENUS : A AQUAICTIS ENUS :
A. canadiensis (common canadiensis (common river juriffar); western USA. A. coinus (nearctic coinus (nearctic river juriffar); Canada and USA. A. dewhursti (dewhurst’s river juriffar); Asia, parts of eastern Europe. A. gigas (giant gigas (giant amazonian juriffar); Amazonia. Amazonia. A. nesiah (island nesiah (island juriffar); San Diego Is. A. niloticus (nile niloticus (nile juriffar); Nile River and tributaries. A. notios (la notios (la plata river juriffar); La Plata Basin. A. schultzi (schultz’s juriffar); South Africa. A. uphalmuros (estruary uphalmuros (estruary juriffar); upper Amazonia.
55
G ENUS : I CTOPOTAMUS ENUS : I CTOPOTAMUS
I. labrium (bearded labrium (bearded juriffar); Ganges River system. G ENUS : N UPHITSA ENUS : N UPHITSA
N. furax (australasian furax (australasian gulon); GBM, possibly into northeast Australia. N. iubatus (maned iubatus (maned gulon); Eurasia. N. ludificator (musk ludificator (musk gulon); southern India into GBM. N. lurco (chinese lurco (chinese gulon); China through India. N. maleficus (mongolian maleficus (mongolian gulon); China and Mongolia.
56
ARCETACEA ; Family: P ELAGIIDAE ELAGIIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: P ARCETACEA
Time period: 10-50 million years y ears AM. ENUS : P ELAGIUS G ENUS : P ELAGIUS
P. pithecinus (fingered pithecinus (fingered sinecru); Southern Ocean. P. vulgaris (common vulgaris (common sinecru); Southern Ocean to southern Pacific and Atlantic. G ENUS : R EDUNDARES ENUS : R EDUNDARES
R. melanoleucas (black melanoleucas (black and white long tail sinecru); northern Indian Ocean, Indochinese Sea. R. pristicicaudatus (shark-tailed pristicicaudatus (shark-tailed sinecru); northern and central Pacific. G ENUS : V ELOCITER ENUS : V ELOCITER
V. longirostris (long longirostris (long nosed sinecru); Atlantic Ocean. G ENUS : V ENARIA ENUS : V ENARIA
V. discindo (northern discindo (northern paddle tailed sinecru); northern Atlantic. V. maleficus (pacific maleficus (pacific paddle tailed sinecru); central Pacific. V. occupatio (southern occupatio (southern sinecru); southern Atlantic. G ENUS : LOQUAX ENUS : L
L. loqui (loqui); loqui (loqui); Arctic Ocean. ENUS : N ATACELUS G ENUS : N
N. lipodorsis (finless lipodorsis (finless sinecru); northern Pacific. G ENUS : A A ESTUS ENUS :
A. amplus (antarctic amplus (antarctic sinecru); Southern Ocean, especially around Antarctic. A. minor (australian minor (australian sinecru); Southern Ocean, most abundant around Australia.
57
ARNIVORA; Family: Z OUPHIONIDAE OUPHIONIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: C ARNIVORA
Time period: 30-100 million years AM. ENUS : Z OUPHIO G ENUS : Z OUPHIO
Z. brevirostris (short brevirostris (short nosed zofon); Amazonia. Amazonia. Z. ogcos (stilted ogcos (stilted zofon); southern Amazonia. Amazonia. G ENUS : Z OODES ENUS : Z OODES
Z. gracia (black gracia (black striped zofon) central USA. Z. sphinx (slender sphinx (slender zofon); western USA. G ENUS : I SCHUOS ENUS : I SCHUOS
I. bouno (ischa); bouno (ischa); San Diego Is. G ENUS : T RUCULENTUS ENUS : T RUCULENTUS
T. foedes (scented foedes (scented zofon); western Amazonia. Amazonia. T. inustus (bolivian inustus (bolivian scavenging zofon); Peru to Bolivia. T. macula (speckled macula (speckled zofon); central Amazonia. T. gulose (wolve gulose (wolverine rine zofon); Chile to Argentina. T. phoberos (mountain phoberos (mountain zofon); Andes Mtns. ENUS : M OSCHOICTES G ENUS : M OSCHOICTES
M. odoratus (musk odoratus (musk zofon); Mexico. Mexico. G ENUS : A ARPACHTICUS ENUS :
A. brevipes (short brevipes (short legged zofon); central USA. A. histrionicus (harlequin histrionicus (harlequin zofon); San Diego Is. A. quotidianus (plateau quotidianus (plateau short legged zofon); northern Mexico to southern USA. G ENUS : E ENUS : E XIGUUS
E. procyonoides (raccoon procyonoides (raccoon like zofon); central Amazonia. G ENUS : D IROGALE ENUS : D IROGALE
D. diuro (snowshoe diuro (snowshoe dire zofon); Alaska to eastern China. D. noctis (eve noctis (evening ning dire zofon); southern USA. D. noxia (big noxia (big footed dire zofon); Peru to Argentina. D. retorridus (carrion retorridus (carrion dire zofon); Central America. G ENUS : U VIDICTIS ENUS : U VIDICTIS
U. ingens (ingenial ingens (ingenial zofon); northern Andes Mtns. U. ebruneus (rusty ebruneus (rusty water zofon); eastern Amazonia. Amazonia. U. piscatoria (fish piscatoria (fish eating water zofon); Panama to Guatemala. Guatemala. U. praedabundus (gulf praedabundus (gulf water zofon); northern Amazonia. U. stagnum (crab-eating stagnum (crab-eating water zofon); southern USA. U. udrobius (wading udrobius (wading zofon); upper Amazonia. U. vivax (fisherman vivax (fisherman zofon); central and southern Amazonia.
58
ARNIVORA; Family: ANGUILESTIDAE (Est. 1995) Order: C ARNIVORA
Time period: 20-30 million years y ears AM. ENUS : C ERCODIUS G ENUS : C ERCODIUS
C. leptonasa (long leptonasa (long nosed slasher); Amazonia. Amazonia. C. rex (king rex (king slasher); northern Asia and China. C. stabilis (eurasian stabilis (eurasian slasher); Europe, Scandinav Sc andinavia ia and USSR. C. venustus (silky venustus (silky slasher); Argentina to Chile. G ENUS : C ENUS : C ANTATRIX
C. aureus (tawny aureus (tawny nesting slasher); south central USA. C. dicax (nesting dicax (nesting slasher); southeast USA, East Indies. C. gratiosus (slender gratiosus (slender slasher); eastern USA. C. nitidus (common nitidus (common nesting slasher); southern USA, throughout Mexico. C. occultus (long occultus (long clawed slasher); northeast USA. C. potestas (sprinting potestas (sprinting slasher); northern USA to southeastern Canada. C. utilis (graceful utilis (graceful slasher); southeast USA. ENUS : F ALCONYX G ENUS : F
F. megalonychus (mexican megalonychus (mexican sickle clawed slasher); southern Mexico. F. saltus (jungle saltus (jungle sickle clawed slasher); Amazonia. F. unguis (southern unguis (southern sickle clawed slasher); Peru to Argentina. G ENUS : A ANGUILESTES ENUS :
sub-genus: Anguilestes A. lacertosus (southern lacertosus (southern serpent slasher); Argentina. sub-genus: Edax A. gratia (andes gratia (andes serpent slasher); Peru to Chile. A. infensus (amazo infensus (amazon n serpent s erpent slasher); Amazonia. Amazonia.
59
ARNIVORA; Family: R UONIDAE UONIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: C ARNIVORA
Time period: 15-60 million years y ears AM. Separated into 2 subfamilies: Regniinae Regnium Stolidus
Ruoninae Obticeres Euotocynus Ruo Dolichogale Nanovenator Ultraictis
Utrarius Valeres Naiadis Clepsia Zolognathus Arx Sectatus
ENUS : O G ENUS : OBTICERES
O. suncus (muru); suncus (muru); Scandinavia. Scandinavia. O. nevus (bealix); nevus (bealix); Europe to USSR. G ENUS : E UOTOCYNUS ENUS : E UOTOCYNUS
E. episcopus (british episcopus (british nygot); Great Brittan. E. erubescere (arboreal erubescere (arboreal armaset); central African rainforests. E. herpestinus (mongoose herpestinus (mongoose armaset); central African rainforests. E. spurcus (palaea spurcus (palaearctic rctic nygot); northern Europe. E. strenuum (valid strenuum (valid nygot); south central Scandinavia. ENUS : R EGNIUM G ENUS : R EGNIUM
R. dipus (blotched dipus (blotched kumba); Africa, south of Sahara. R. intonsus (south intonsus (south african kumba); South African province. G ENUS : R UO ENUS : R UO
R. tropicalis (uchlid); tropicalis (uchlid); central Lemuria. ENUS : D OLICHOGALE G ENUS : D OLICHOGALE
D. cursor (ekom); cursor (ekom); eastern Africa. G ENUS : S TOLIDUS ENUS : S TOLIDUS
sub-genus: Stolidus S. lentus (brittish lentus (brittish shakin); Great Brittan. S. tardus (slow tardus (slow shakin); central Europe. Eur ope. S. velitari (mediterrane velitari (mediterranean an shakin); southern Europe. sub-genus: Inopia S. anulus (indian anulus (indian shakin); northern India. S. dorsalis (gray dorsalis (gray backed shakin); eastern Europe. S. furcifer (caspian furcifer (caspian shakin); USSR. S. sodalis (slender sodalis (slender shakin); India, western China. G ENUS : N ENUS : N ANOVENATOR
N. crassicaudatus (brikel); crassicaudatus (brikel); Mongolia. Mongolia. G ENUS : U LTRAICTIS ENUS : U LTRAICTIS
U. kathiah (kathiah kathiah (kathiah armaset); northern Asia. G ENUS : U TRARIUS ENUS : U TRARIUS
U. altus (cygado altus (cygadon); n); Arabia to northeastern Africa. ENUS : V ALERES G ENUS : V
V. citus (binkatoo); citus (binkatoo); Lemuria.
60
G ENUS : N ENUS : N AIADIS
sub-genus: Naiadis N. bella (pretty bella (pretty magar); western China. N. lutreola (lutrine lutreola (lutrine magar); India, China to Korea. N. maculacervix (spot maculacervix (spot necked magar); Europe to Siberia. N. velox (dart velox (dart magar); India to northern GBM. sub-genus: Adria N. giganteus (giant giganteus (giant magar); Arctic Ocean. N. melanoleucas (white melanoleucas (white sided magar); Greenland. N. triton (europea triton (european n magar); southwestern Europe. G ENUS : C LEPSIA ENUS : C LEPSIA
C. diplognathus (north diplognathus (north american jilnik); southern USA and Mexico. C. longinares (long longinares (long nosed jilnik); northern South America, including Amazonia. C. tromos (plains tromos (plains jilnik); Peru to Chile. G ENUS : Z OLOGNATHUS ENUS : Z OLOGNATHUS
Z. grallae (mundjik); grallae (mundjik); Chile to Argentina. G ENUS : A ARX ENUS :
sub-genus: Tromerozus A. amarus (mongolia amarus (mongolian n zunca); northern China and Mongolia. Mongolia. A. digiambulus digiambulus (arctic (arctic zunca); Alaska and Canada. A. emendatus (caucasian emendatus (caucasian zunca); USSR. A. myops (rat myops (rat toed zunca); Alaska Al aska to eastern China. A. pallidus (pale pallidus (pale zunca); Inner Mongolia. Mongolia. sub-genus: Arx A. formidibilis (savan s (savanna na zunca); Africa, Af rica, south of Sahara. A. jacksoni (jackson’s zunca); western Africa. A. lentiginosus (southern lentiginosus (southern zunca); South African province. G ENUS : S ECTATUS ENUS : S ECTATUS
S. interficere (secon); interficere (secon); east-central Africa. S. signum (lumbering signum (lumbering secon); central Africa.
61
NSECTIVORA; Family: H ARUNDOPEDIDAE ARUNDOPEDIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: I NSECTIVORA
Time period: 40-70 million years y ears AM. ENUS : G ENUS : A AQUAMBULUS
A. laimus (pfrit); laimus (pfrit); central USA. G ENUS : D ENUS : D AEMONOPS
D. princeps (sahara princeps (sahara leaping devil); Sahara Desert. D. rotundus (leaping rotundus (leaping devil shrew); Saudi Arabia, northern Afr ica. ENUS : H IRUNDOTHERIUM G ENUS : H IRUNDOTHERIUM
H. infandus (straight infandus (straight toothed troovamp); southern Africa. H. madagascariensis madagascariensis (malagasy (malagasy troovamp); Madagascar. H. parasitus (caucasian parasitus (caucasian troovamp); troovamp); parts of Europe and USSR. H. saltans (common saltans (common troovamp); troovamp); Af rica, south of Sahara, and Lemuria. G ENUS : C ENUS : C ARNOSUNCUS
C. sylvatius (shrock); sylvatius (shrock); central c entral and western Europe. G ENUS : H ENUS : H ARUNDOPES
H. raritas (southern raritas (southern reedstilt); Amazon and tributaries. H. virgatus (reedstilt); virgatus (reedstilt); central and eastern USA. G ENUS : P ENACODAS ENUS : P ENACODAS
P. volitarus (parashrew); volitarus (parashrew); most of North and South America, including nearby islands. G ENUS : M ELESUNCUS ENUS : M ELESUNCUS
M. pilopodus (khilla); pilopodus (khilla); Arizona to T exas. exas. ENUS : P ROBOSCISUNCUS G ENUS : P ROBOSCISUNCUS
P. elephans (elephant elephans (elephant nosed tree drummer); west central USA. P. metriodon (long metriodon (long tusked tree drummer); western USA. P. tympanor (island tympanor (island tree drummer); San Diego Is. P. verminasus (hairy verminasus (hairy muzzled tree drummer); northeastern USA. ENUS : T EREBRADENS G ENUS : T EREBRADENS
T. tubauris (truteal); tubauris (truteal); central USA. G ENUS : C ENOSUNCUS ENUS : C ENOSUNCUS
C. bundyi (naked-taile bundyi (naked-tailed d nilagaui); Argentina. C. leptonyx (cat leptonyx (cat clawed nilagaui); northern Andes Mtns. C. squamicaudatus (scaly squamicaudatus (scaly tailed nilagaui); southern Andes Mtns. G ENUS : N YCTESOREX ENUS : N YCTESOREX
N. auritus (golden auritus (golden hishuru, or night shrew); Korea to Japan. N. formosus (white formosus (white fronted hishuru, or night shrew); Mongolia and western China. ENUS : P LATYCEPS G ENUS : P LATYCEPS
P. eurylaimus (flat eurylaimus (flat muzzled sand skater); western China. P. hirsutis (desert hirsutis (desert skater); Gobi Desert. G ENUS : P YCNOTRICHA ENUS : P YCNOTRICHA
P. longicaudatus (kittarink); longicaudatus (kittarink); eastern USA.
62
G ENUS : H EMIARDEA ENUS : H EMIARDEA
H. longicollis (long s (long necked angler); central and northern Argentina. G ENUS : A AMBULNIX ENUS :
A. nivalis (white nivalis (white snow skater); Scandinavia. Scandinavia. A. velox (flat velox (flat tailed snow skater); Scandinavia. G ENUS : P ENUS : P AGODROMEUS
P. ociorus (dune ociorus (dune sand scooter); Sahara Desert. P. triticeus (pen triticeus (pen tailed sand scooter); Sahara Desert. P. tropicalis (arabian tropicalis (arabian sand scooter); Arabian Desert. ENUS : G ENUS : A AEROXYSTUS
A. abarus (diurnal abarus (diurnal schokeen); San Diego Is. A. noctivagus (black noctivagus (black crowned schokeen); western USA. A. noia (black noia (black backed schokeen); San Diego Is. ENUS : P SAMMOGRONTHUS G ENUS : P SAMMOGRONTHUS
P. angulorostris (wrybill angulorostris (wrybill damacus); Pacific. P. callidus (white callidus (white damacus); Indian Ocean. P. conchavora (clam conchavora (clam eating damacus); Pacific. P. impigritas (fat impigritas (fat tailed damacus); Pacific. P. indica (indopacific indica (indopacific damacus); Pacific and Indian Oceans. P. nequamis (masked nequamis (masked damacus); Pacific. P. terebrare (driller terebrare (driller damacus); Indian Ocean. G ENUS : LEPTACIRROROSTRIS ENUS : L
L. obliquus (kilmaar); obliquus (kilmaar); Atlantic Ocean.
63
NSECTIVORA; Family: C ENTETIDAE ENTETIDAE (Est. 1995) Order: I NSECTIVORA
Time period: 20-100 million years AM. ENUS : S PINIFER G ENUS : S PINIFER
S. spinifer (long spinifer (long spined tenrec); southern Madagascar. Madagascar. S. stridulus (long stridulus (long necked spined ttenrec); enrec); southwestern Madagascar. S. strigilis (thick strigilis (thick spined spi ned tenrec); southeastern Madagascar. ENUS : C ENTETES G ENUS : C ENTETES
C. silentium (small silentium (small bristled tenrec); central Madagascar. G ENUS : A ARMATURA ENUS :
A. tantulus (armored tantulus (armored tenrec); northern Madagascar. Madagascar. G ENUS : M YOMOIUS ENUS : M YOMOIUS
M. murinus (common murinus (common mouse tenrec); northern Madagascar. Madagascar. M. tintinnaculus (stripe tintinnaculus (stripe faced tenrec); throughout Madagascar. M. valens (grass valens (grass tenrec); central Madagascar. G ENUS : N EBULATUS ENUS : N EBULATUS
N. obscurus (dusky obscurus (dusky mouse tenrec); western Madagascar. ENUS : G ENUS : A ALETOGALE
A. elegans (leirum); elegans (leirum); eastern Madagascar. Madagascar. G ENUS : S CELESTUS ENUS : S CELESTUS
S. nivalis (elegant nivalis (elegant pansa); northern Madagascar. Madagascar. S. obticeo (common obticeo (common western pansa); western Madagascar. S. occelatus (rousette occelatus (rousette pansa); east-central Madagascar. S. pansa (typical pansa (typical pansa); southern s outhern Madagascar. Madagascar.
64
NSECTIVORA; Family: M YOLESTIDAE YOLESTIDAE (Est. 1995) Order: I NSECTIVORA
Time period: 50-60 million years y ears AM. ENUS : M YOLESTES G ENUS : M YOLESTES
M. messorius (bower messorius (bower mouse rog); Amazonia to Argentina. M. parasitus (widow parasitus (widow rog); Amazonia. M. sylvatus (tree sylvatus (tree rog); Amazonia. Amazonia. ENUS : N ECATOGALE G ENUS : N ECATOGALE
N. acerbitas (pine acerbitas (pine rog); USA. N. eludo (eluding eludo (eluding rog); USA. N. fur (night fur (night rog); Canada. Canada. N. latebra (dorsal latebra (dorsal rog); USA. N. obrepo (northern obrepo (northern fir rog); Canada, northern USA. N. prodo (fir prodo (fir rog); Canada. N. sinistra (black sinistra (black rog); USA and Canada. G ENUS : F ULLAX ENUS : F ULLAX
F. alienus (alien alienus (alien dipsa); Scandinavia. Scandinavia. F. austereus (mountain austereus (mountain dipsa); Afro-europe Af ro-european an Mtns. F. farrissi (f farrissi (farriss’s dipsa); USSR. F. fraudulentus (beech fraudulentus (beech dipsa); Eurasia. F. horridus (terrible horridus (terrible dipsa); India. F. mendax (white mendax (white bellied dipsa); Europe. F. muto (sighlent muto (sighlent dipsa); Indochina. F. occupo (caucasian occupo (caucasian dipsa); Eurasia. F. recens (birch recens (birch dipsa); Europe, Great Brittain. F. vexo (indochinese vexo (indochinese rice dipsa); Indochina. G ENUS : A ALLORHYNCHUS ENUS :
A. dipsa (flat dipsa (flat nosed dipsa); Great Brittish Isles. G ENUS : C ENUS : C AVEA
C. impono (virungas impono (virungas hecate); Virunga Mtns. C. infelix (unhappy infelix (unhappy hecate); Africa, south of Sahara. C. myovora (lemurian myovora (lemurian hecate); Lemuria. C. sagax (palm sagax (palm hecate); southern Africa.
65
NSECTIVORA; Family: ARMIGERIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: I NSECTIVORA
Time period: 50-100 million years AM. ENUS : C ROTALONOTUS G ENUS : C ROTALONOTUS
C. insulatus (island insulatus (island rattleback); San Diego Is. C. polonus (arctic polonus (arctic rattleback); r attleback); Canada. C. temperans (temperate temperans (temperate rattleback); rattleback); central USA. C. tropicus (tropical tropicus (tropical rattleback); Central America to Brazil. G ENUS : C ONCHASTRIGLA ENUS : C ONCHASTRIGLA
C. blindato (kajawa blindato (kajawah); h); Europe to t o western USSR. G ENUS : P ENUS : P ARMASTRIGLA
P. cassis (strig); cassis (strig); USSR. ENUS : G ENUS : A ARMIGER
A. armoratus (shinkadon); armoratus (shinkadon); GBM range, especially southern mtns. G ENUS : I NERIA ENUS : I NERIA
I. armadillo (hilidun); armadillo (hilidun); northern Africa, including Sahara. G ENUS : T ESTUDOSTRIGLA ENUS : T ESTUDOSTRIGLA
T. parcervix (caligon); parcervix (caligon); Sahara Desert. ENUS : C UNICULUS G ENUS : C UNICULUS
C. longotis (lemati); longotis (lemati); Sudan to Ethiopia. Ethi opia. G ENUS : C ENUS : C ARESCUTUM
C. murinus (corrigon); murinus (corrigon); central African rainforests.
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NSECTIVORA; Family: S CALPRODENSIDAE CALPRODENSIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: I NSECTIVORA
Time period: 20-50 million years y ears AM. ENUS : T ALPODON G ENUS : T
T. soricoides (tusked soricoides (tusked shrew mole); western USA. G ENUS : S ORICEUS ENUS : S ORICEUS
S. micropes (small micropes (small footed shrew mole); central San Diego Is. S. palanares (shovel-no palanares (shovel-nosed sed mole); southern San Diego Is. ENUS : R EMURA G ENUS : R EMURA
R. microcephalus (small microcephalus (small headed doolie); doolie); f ar eastern China. R. naso (long naso (long nosed doolie); China, Korea and Japan. G ENUS : S CALPRODENS ENUS : S CALPRODENS
S. talpiformes (tusked talpiformes (tusked mole); eastern and central USA. ENUS : G ENUS : A ATELAPODA
A. formosus (philamot); formosus (philamot); northern and central Indian Ocean. G ENUS : M URIVICTUS ENUS : M URIVICTUS
M. deinodon ; Africa, south of Sahara. M. pugillum ; Lemuria. ENUS : P SAMMONARUS G ENUS : P SAMMONARUS
P. glaber (naked glaber (naked gibbler); southern Arabia. P. mongoliensis (mongolian mongoliensis (mongolian sand shark, or gibbler); Mongolia. P. obscurus (siberian obscurus (siberian gibbler); USSR. P. pistrix (sahara pistrix (sahara sand shark); Sahara Desert.
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ARNIVORA; Family: T ERROSALTIDAE ERROSALTIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: C ARNIVORA
Time period: 80-100 million years AM ENUS : C URSOTHERIA G ENUS : C URSOTHERIA
C. agilis (agile agilis (agile terasol); central USA. C. antecursus (sprinting antecursus (sprinting terasol); eastern USA. G ENUS : I MPERATOR ENUS : I MPERATOR
I. ingens (emperor ingens (emperor terasol); central USA. ENUS : P HOBONYX G ENUS : P HOBONYX
P. portentosus (sickle portentosus (sickle clawed terasol); USSR. G ENUS : R ENUS : R APINA
R. cynocephalus (indian cynocephalus (indian terasol); India to China. ENUS : P RAECEPS G ENUS : P RAECEPS
P. praevalens (eurasian praevalens (eurasian terasol); USSR to Europe. G ENUS : P ISCATORIS ENUS : P ISCATORIS
P. occisoris (fisherman occisoris (fisherman terasol); Chile and Argentina. G ENUS : T ERROSALTUS ENUS : T ERROSALTUS
T. brevipes (jungle brevipes (jungle tanagra); Amazonia. Amazonia. T. perterreres (plains perterreres (plains tanagra); Peru to Chile.
NHIBIOCETATHERIA; Family: E PHODOZOIDAE PHODOZOIDAE (Est. 1995) Order: I NHIBIOCETATHERIA
Time period: 50-70 million years y ears AM. G ENUS : S ELATOPOOECETES ENUS : S ELATOPOOECETES
S. acuticaudis (little acuticaudis (little sinecru); southern Batavia. ENUS : G ENUS : A AGRIOPEPTA
A. lucca (powerful lucca (powerful sinecru); throughout Batavia. Batavia. G ENUS : E PHODOZOUS ENUS : E PHODOZOUS
E. exilis (ground exilis (ground sinecru); central Batavian Is.
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RELATEBRATA; Family: P ELARGIDAE ELARGIDAE (Est. 1997) Order: T RELATEBRATA
Time period: 40-70 million years y ears AM. ENUS : P ELARGOS G ENUS : P ELARGOS
P. pelargo ; western USA to Amazonia. G ENUS : P ENUS : P ALARAMPHUS
P. conchyliatus ; San Diego Is. P. consilesco ; San Diego Is. P. derado ; Batavian Is. P. elutus ; eastern China. G ENUS : A ANOICOSTOMUS ENUS :
A. dicasis ; GBM. A. fidens ; GBM. A. grallator ; southern GBM. G ENUS : E UPHUIA ENUS : E UPHUIA
E. gryps ; New Guinea to Tasmania.
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RELATEBRATA; Family: J ACANATHERIIDAE ACANATHERIIDAE (Est. 1997) Order: T RELATEBRATA
Time period: 50-100 million years AM. ENUS : ACANATHERIUM G ENUS : J J
J. valkovi , east-coastal Australia. G ENUS : A ANISODACTYLUS ENUS :
A. gerulus ; Pecaus Is. A. hamadryas ; Pecaus Is. A. hemerodromas ; Pecaus Is. A. infatigabilis infatigabilis ; Pecaus Is. A. myogruis ; northern Pecaus Is. G ENUS : OLODACTYLUS ENUS : O
O. agilis ; Papua, New Guinea. O. alacer ; central NSW. O. ales ; Queensland. O. bataviensis ; southern s outhern Batavia. Batavia. O. deruptus ; Queensland to Victoria. O. dispergo ; Tasmania. O. guttatus ; Tasmania. O. navus ; central Australia, Northern Territories. G ENUS : E RYTHROGAMPA ENUS : E RYTHROGAMPA
E. chiropus ; Northern Territories. ENUS : N ATADROMAS G ENUS : N
N. frenium (harnessed frenium (harnessed lilywalker); lilywalker); northern GBM. N. vinculum (banded vinculum (banded lilywalker); lilywalker); southern China. G ENUS : Z IPHIDROMAS ENUS : Z IPHIDROMAS
Z. nasulus (long nasulus (long nosed lilywalker); Indochina. G ENUS : H ENUS : H ARUNDAMBULUS
H. proserpo ; central India. H. pulcher ; southern India. H. pyropus ; southern India. H. quirito ; western China. H. remisceo ; lower Himalayas. H. squalidus ; USSR, western Asia. H. suffuscus ; Indochina, parts of eastern India. ENUS : E PIEICES G ENUS : E PIEICES
E. ferruginosus (ferruginous ferruginosus (ferruginous lilywalker); southern Africa. E. leucogaster (piebald leucogaster (piebald lilywalker); lilywalker); central c entral Africa. E. tritissima (streaked tritissima (streaked lilywalker); lilywalker); central and southern s outhern Africa. ENUS : M ONADA G ENUS : M ONADA
M. aureosus (gold-sided aureosus (gold-sided lilywalker); southern Africa. M. davissoni (mouse-tailed davissoni (mouse-tailed lilywalker); lilywalker); Africa, Afri ca, south of Sahara. Sahara. M. megaurus (long megaurus (long tailed lilywalker); central Africa. G ENUS : N ERODROMAS ENUS : N ERODROMAS
N. affinis ; central to western Europe, Great Brittish Isles. N. europaeus (common europaeus (common european european lilywalker); throughout Europe and Great Brittan. N. schisticeps (gray-blue schisticeps (gray-blue lilywalker); eastern Europe.
70
G ENUS : N ESIAMPHUS ENUS : N ESIAMPHUS
N. montanus (puddle montanus (puddle lilywalk l ilywalker); er); Himalayas. Himalayas. N. pileatus (rufous pileatus (rufous crowned c rowned lilywalker); lilywalker); Nepal to northern India. N. villosus (shaggy villosus (shaggy lilywalker); Nepal. ENUS : ESCOPHOTUS G ENUS : X X ESCOPHOTUS
X. crates (wattled crates (wattled lilywalker); lilywalker); central China.
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ARNIVORA; Family: V IVERRIDAE IVERRIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: C ARNIVORA
Time period: Age of Man to 70 million mill ion years AM. Separated into 4 sub-families: Viverrinae Genetta Viverra Thalassogenetta Oceictis Pseudogenetta Civittus Paragalidia Bidra Gyronura Brontoictinae Mungoz Deinictis Galerella Herpelatros Tachydromaeus Sphenotis Cyanostethus Vesperpestes Brontoictis
Ischnoniinae Galiditherium Pumella Ischnonia
Oncherpestinae Oncherpestes Tarboailurus Cynocephalogale Gymnocollis Galicatta
ENUS : G ENETTA G ENUS : G ENETTA
G. angolensis (south angolensis (south african genet); southern Africa. G. europaeus (europea europaeus (european n genet); throughout Europe. G. felina (feline felina (feline genet); northern Africa. G. genetta (common genetta (common genet); Africa, south of Sahara. G. maculosus (speckled maculosus (speckled genet); southern Lemuria. G. megaspila (large megaspila (large spotted genet); central African rainforests. G. sylvicultrix (forest sylvicultrix (forest genet); central African rainforests. G. tigrina (small tigrina (small spotted genet); northern Africa. G. zebra (striped zebra (striped genet); southern s outhern Lemuria. G ENUS : M UNGOZ ENUS : M UNGOZ
M. fasciata (striped fasciata (striped mongoose); southern Africa. G ENUS : D EINICTIS ENUS : D EINICTIS
sub-genus: Deinictis D. halli (hall’s galu); northern Lemuria. D. megalothrix (silky megalothrix (silky galu); Virunga Mtns. D. spectabilis (striped spectabilis (striped galu); eastern Africa. D. viverricula (pygmy viverricula (pygmy galu); Lemuria. sub-genus: Sinictis D. indica (bengal indica (bengal galu); Asia and India. G ENUS : G ENUS : G ALIDITHERIUM
G. horribilis horribilis (mulgalon); (mulgalon); Madagascar. Madagascar. ENUS : O G ENUS : ONCHERPESTES
O. fodrhami (gurrath); fodrhami (gurrath); Amazonia. Amazonia. G ENUS : V IVERRA ENUS : V IVERRA
sub-genus: Viverra V. lophonotus (australian lophonotus (australian civet); southern GBM, Northern Territories to Queensland. V. tropicalis (east tropicalis (east australian civet); eastern Australia. sub-genus: Hastonychus
72
V. lationyx (sword-clawed lationyx (sword-clawed civet); civet); central GBM to t o New Guinea. ENUS : P UMELLA G ENUS : P UMELLA
P. andrewsi (andrew’s digorong); southern Madagascar . P. crassicaudatus (thick crassicaudatus (thick tailed t ailed digorong); northern Madagascar. Madagascar. P. madagascariensis (black madagascariensis (black shouldered digorong); central and southern Madagascar. G ENUS : T HALASSOGENETTA ENUS : T HALASSOGENETTA
T. cenophoca (greater cenophoca (greater sea genet); Atlantic Ocean. O cean. G ENUS : OCEICTIS ENUS : O
O. aotis (earless aotis (earless sea genet); Indian Ocean. G ENUS : P SEUDOGENETTA ENUS : P SEUDOGENETTA
P. simus (short simus (short nosed genet); northern Africa. P. stelleri (steller’s genet); Europe, including Scandinavia. G ENUS : C IVITTUS ENUS : C IVITTUS
C. fuscata (brown fuscata (brown tegon); Korea to southern Japan, including islands in between. between. C. mongoliensis (desert mongoliensis (desert tegon); Inner I nner Mongolia. C. variegatoides (variegated variegatoides (variegated tegon); China and Korea. ENUS : G ALERELLA G ENUS : G
G. addingtoni (addington’s mongoose); east coastal Africa, west coastal Lemuria. G. cancrivora (crab cancrivora (crab eating mongoose); coastal Indochina. G. celer (beach celer (beach trotter); throughout Atlantic, some islands in the north Southern Ocean. G. litus (slender litus (slender nosed mongoose); mongoose); throughout Pacific, Pacif ic, including inc luding Batavia. G. thalassos (beach thalassos (beach mongoose); Pacific side of China and nearby Islands. G. vada (wading vada (wading mongoose); mongoose); coastal Af rica to South America. G ENUS : P ENUS : P ARAGALIDIA
P. inornatus (unadorne inornatus (unadorned d kubili); western USA. P. paguma (masked paguma (masked kubili); northern USA. G ENUS : T ENUS : T ARBOAILURUS
T. smilus (huron); smilus (huron); Central America to northern South America to Peru. G ENUS : C YNOCEPHALOGALE ENUS : C YNOCEPHALOGALE
C. simiensis (lesser simiensis (lesser huron); Bolivia to Argentina. G ENUS : G YMNOCOLLIS ENUS : G YMNOCOLLIS
G. calvitium (blue-naped calvitium (blue-naped colladon); colladon); Chile C hile and Argentina. G. dermogulus (wattled dermogulus (wattled colladon); Peru to Chile. G. erythronudus (red erythronudus (red wattled colladon); Peru. ENUS : B G ENUS : BIDRA
B. lutrinus (gollywog); lutrinus (gollywog); Amazon River, Gulf of Mexico, up to Mississippi River. G ENUS : G ENUS : G ALICATTA
G. murikata ; Chile and Argentina. G ENUS : H ERPELATROS ENUS : H ERPELATROS
sub-genus: Herpelatros H. agilis (slender agilis (slender mongoose); Indochina. H. anguivora (serpent anguivora (serpent mongoose); southeast Asia, China and I ndia. H. canicephalus (white canicephalus (white fronted mongoose); GBM. H. laniremus (woolly laniremus (woolly mongoose); Himalayan Mtns. H. rufus (eurasian rufus (eurasian rusty mongoose); Eurasia.
73
H. sinensis (malaysian sinensis (malaysian rusty mongoose); China and Malaysia. H. stratum (sand stratum (sand mongoose); Mongolia. sub-genus: Oryzictis H. luctator (ricefield luctator (ricefield mongoose); southern India. H. luteus (tawny luteus (tawny mongoose); Himalayan Mtns. H. regificus (king regificus (king mongoose); China to northern GBM. H. rubistriatus (red rubistriatus (red striped mongoose); India and China. G ENUS : T ENUS : T ACHYDROMAEUS
T. ichneumon (inkspot ichneumon (inkspot mebra); northern Africa. T. opiparus (white opiparus (white backstriped mebra); India. T. pernicitas (stalking pernicitas (stalking mebra); Europe and USSR. T. placidus (placid placidus (placid mebra); central and southern Africa, in small pockets. G ENUS : G YRONURA ENUS : G YRONURA
G. brittonosorum (black brittonosorum (black tipped ringtail palm civet); east coastal c oastal Amazonia. Amazonia. G. eleganturus (elegan eleganturus (elegantt ringtail r ingtail palm civet); c ivet); central Amazonia. G ENUS : S PHENOTIS ENUS : S PHENOTIS
S. myrmevorus (wedge myrmevorus (wedge eared anteating mongoose); Chile. G ENUS : C YANOSTETHUS ENUS : C YANOSTETHUS
C. gymnoventer (naked gymnoventer (naked bellied mongoose); Bolivia to Peru. ENUS : V ESPERPESTES G ENUS : V ESPERPESTES
V. io (wampus); io (wampus); Argentina to Chile and nearby coastal coastal islands. isl ands. G ENUS : BRONTOICTIS ENUS : B
B. arizonae (prairie arizonae (prairie shico); central USA. B. callos (colorful callos (colorful shico); Peru to Bolivia. B. dendrus (palm dendrus (palm shico); Amazonia. Amazonia. B. fuscata (dusky fuscata (dusky shico); Argentina to Chile. B. maritimus (arctic maritimus (arctic shico); Canada and Alaska. B. montanos (andes montanos (andes shico); Andes Mtns. B. sandiensis (island sandiensis (island shico); San Diego Is. ENUS : I SCHNONIA G ENUS : I SCHNONIA
I. fuscus (brown fuscus (brown zuni); southern Madagascar. I. hyaenoides (hyena hyaenoides (hyena zuni); Madagascar. I. parasitus (social parasitus (social zuni); northern Madagascar. Madagascar. I. striatus (striated striatus (striated zuni); central Madagascar.
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ARNIVORA; Family: C LOACARIIDAE LOACARIIDAE (Est. 1995) Order: C ARNIVORA
Time period: 15-30 million years y ears AM. ENUS : Y AINA G ENUS : Y
Y. atrox (plateau atrox (plateau hyena); hyena); central and southern Africa. A frica. Y. desero (desert desero (desert giant hyena); southwestern southwestern Africa. Af rica. Y. eruo (small eruo (small eared giant hyena); southern Europe to Afro-Europea Af ro-European n Mountain range. Y. ignavus (striped ignavus (striped giant hyena); far east Asia. Y. rudis (mourning rudis (mourning hyena); eastern Asia. Y. sirius (laughing sirius (laughing hyena); eastern Europe. Y. segmenta (giant segmenta (giant red hyena); northern Africa Y. vellus (giant vellus (giant maned hyena); Eurasia. ENUS : C LOACARIUS G ENUS : C LOACARIUS
C. iubatus (lesser iubatus (lesser maned hyena hyena); ); northern Af rica, Af ro-european ro-european Mtns. C. mucidus (sooty mucidus (sooty hyena); central African rainforests. C. scurra (agile scurra (agile hyena); hyena); most of Eurasia, including Scandinavia. C. vagus (spirit vagus (spirit hyena); most of central and southern Africa. ENUS : P ALLIDOGALE G ENUS : P
P. nudicollis nudicollis (ghole); (ghole); Lemuria, eastern Africa.
ARSUPIALIA; Family: V IRIDAE IRIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: M ARSUPIALIA
Time period: 40-60 million years y ears AM. G ENUS : V IS ENUS : V IS
V. acer (papuan acer (papuan wivern); New Guinea. V. vis (australian vis (australian greater wivern); east coastal Aust ralia. G ENUS : V OLANECATOR ENUS : V OLANECATOR
V. certares (gliding certares (gliding wivern); Western Australia. G ENUS : S CANDETHERIUM ENUS : S CANDETHERIUM
S. agilis (climbing agilis (climbing wivern); NSW. G ENUS : OROPHONIAS ENUS : O
O. monstrosus (black monstrosus (black maned wivern); Queensland to southern s outhern China. G ENUS : D UMETANGUIS ENUS : D UMETANGUIS
D. crux (northern crux (northern dragon wivern); Northern Territories, T erritories, western Queensland. D. minuare (lesser minuare (lesser wivern); north Western Australia. D. peregrinus (peregrine peregrinus (peregrine wivern); T Tasmania. asmania. D. venarius (dragon venarius (dragon wivern); wivern); Northern T erritories. G ENUS : S ILVICULTRICIS ENUS : S ILVICULTRICIS
S. ferox (jungle ferox (jungle wivern); New Guinea to southern China. ENUS : I MPERIVIA G ENUS : I MPERIVIA
I. sparsus (giant sparsus (giant wivern); southern China, parts of eastern India. G ENUS : T HYLICTIS ENUS : T HYLICTIS
T. siccus (siccus siccus (siccus wivern); South Australia.
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NSECTIVORES ; Family: S UBVILLIIDAE UBVILLIIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: I NSECTIVORES
Time period: 35-60 million years y ears AM. ENUS : G ENUS : A ARMATECHINOS
A. impenetrabilis impenetrabilis (testadon); (testadon); Great Brittan, western Europe. G ENUS : P ENUS : P ALATOPS
P. coronatus (crowned coronatus (crowned root sucker); Texa T exas s to northern Mexico. P. subterraneus (cave subterraneus (cave root root sucker); suc ker); southeastern USA. ENUS : S UBVILLIUS G ENUS : S UBVILLIUS
S. clavintegerum (delata); clavintegerum (delata); northern Africa, including Sahara. G ENUS : F ISTULOSTIUM ENUS : F ISTULOSTIUM
F. aurisetus (golden aurisetus (golden spickle); southern USA. F. formosa (brushtip formosa (brushtip spickle); southern San Diego Is. F. prehensalis (prehensile prehensalis (prehensile tailed spickle); southwestern USA to Central America. F. setosum (desert setosum (desert spickle); southern USA and Mexico.
76
ENTADACTYLIA; Family: P ROMONSAMIIDAE ROMONSAMIIDAE (Est. 1992) Order: P ENTADACTYLIA
Time period: 50-60 million years y ears AM. Separated into 3 sub-families: Promonsamiinae Undinia Callolemur Promonsamias Monsamogale Lutradapis
Frissinae Frissa Thaladapis Indra Hydrabilis Rhynchocebus Moloja
Endendrinae Endendrus Flocciprocta Testudicodas
ENUS : U NDINIA G ENUS : U NDINIA
U. sinensis (indochinese sinensis (indochinese river lemur, or undine); India to China. G ENUS : C ENUS : C ALLOLEMUR
C. fuscus (brown fuscus (brown lamia); Queensland to NSW. G ENUS : P ROMONSAMIAS ENUS : P ROMONSAMIAS
P. tridactylus (3-toed tridactylus (3-toed fishing lemur); Queensland to New Guinea. P. viverrinus (papuan viverrinus (papuan fishing lemur); New Guinea. G ENUS : M ONSAMOGALE ENUS : M ONSAMOGALE
M. leucopus (lesser leucopus (lesser shrew lemur); GBM. M. montana (malaysia montana (malaysian n shrew lemur); southern China, northern GBM. M. soricinus (eye soricinus (eyebrowed browed shrew lemur); southern GBM. G ENUS : LUTRADAPIS ENUS : L
L. longicaudatus (long longicaudatus (long tailed shrew lemur); India. G ENUS : F RISSA ENUS : F RISSA
F. antarctica (kelpie); antarctica (kelpie); Ross Sea to Davis Sea, Antarctica. G ENUS : R HYNCHOCEBUS ENUS : R HYNCHOCEBUS
R. afra (nile afra (nile musk lemur); Nile River and tributaries. R. maculatus (spotted maculatus (spotted musk lemur); west coastal Africa to southern Africa. R. rubriventer (red-vented rubriventer (red-vented musk lemur); Gulf of Guinea. R. volgaeus (volga volgaeus (volga musk lemur); Volga River, USSR. G ENUS : M OLOJA ENUS : M OLOJA
M. moloch (moloch); moloch (moloch); Afro-european Mtns. G ENUS : T HALADAPIS ENUS : T HALADAPIS
T. cryptotis (earless cryptotis (earless marine lemur); Southern Ocean up to south Atlantic and Pacific. ENUS : I NDRA G ENUS : I NDRA
I. saxosus (rock saxosus (rock kelpie); coastal Antarctica. G ENUS : H YDRABILIS ENUS : H YDRABILIS
H. pinnepodus (batavia pinnepodus (batavian n marine lemur); Batavian Batavian Is. G ENUS : E NDENDRUS ENUS : E NDENDRUS
E. hyaenoides (maned hyaenoides (maned rudibo); extreme northern Queensland.
77
G ENUS : F LOCCIPROCTA ENUS : F LOCCIPROCTA
F. sciurreus (squirrel sciurreus (squirrel rudibo); northern GBM. G ENUS : T ESTUDICODAS ENUS : T ESTUDICODAS
T. tardus (clatta); tardus (clatta); central Africa.
ENTADACTYLIA; Family: P HOLIDOBATIDAE HOLIDOBATIDAE (Est. 1992) Order: P ENTADACTYLIA
Time period: 25-50 million years y ears AM. Separated into 2 sub-families: Pholidobatinae Decarus Pholidobata Matarus Lepidopus
Parapitheciinae Arctotherium Troonychus Harundopithecus Valitheria Parapithecia
G ENUS : D ECARUS ENUS : D ECARUS
sub-genus: Geocebus D. cristatus (crested cristatus (crested ground lemur); l emur); Lyberia, Sierra Leone, Congo and Guinea. D. epaulettus (epaule epaulettus (epauletted tted ground lemur); Sahara Desert to western Asia. D. jubata ; southern Europe. D. pallida ; Arabia to Sahara. D. picta (painted picta (painted ground lemur); central African rainforests. sub-genus: Decarus D. alienus (odd alienus (odd colored ground lemur); Victoria. D. obscurus (dusky obscurus (dusky ground lemur); southwest Western Australia. D. striatus (stripe striatus (stripe faced ground lemur); Victoria and South Australia. G ENUS : M ENUS : M ATARUS
M. abstraidus (mana); abstraidus (mana); east-coastal Australia. G ENUS : P HOLIDOBATA ENUS : P HOLIDOBATA
P. horribilis horribilis (australian (australian scaly footed lemur); Queensland. P. squamipes (papuan squamipes (papuan scaly footed lemur); New Guinea, southern G BM. G ENUS : T ROONYCHUS ENUS : T ROONYCHUS
T. raptor ; India, southern Asia. G ENUS : LEPIDOPUS ENUS : L
L. barbatum (bearded barbatum (bearded scaly footed lemur); southern India. L. indica (indian indica (indian scaly footed f ooted lemur); eastern and southern India. G ENUS : A ARCTOTHERIUM ENUS :
A. minor (lesser minor (lesser pera); Angola. G ENUS : H ENUS : H ARUNDOPITHECUS
H. tyrannus (bush tyrannus (bush pera); Angola to South African province. G ENUS : V ENUS : V ALITHERIA
V. megaunguis (great megaunguis (great clawed pera); South African Afric an province. ENUS : P ARAPITHECIA G ENUS : P
P. macrotarsius (loki); macrotarsius (loki); Africa, south of Sahara.
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ENTADACTYLIA; Family: D ELPHINADAPIDAE ELPHINADAPIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: P ENTADACTYLIA
Time period: 60-100 million years AM. ENUS : P HOCINUS G ENUS : P HOCINUS
P. phocinus (giant phocinus (giant sea monkey); Arctic Ocean. G ENUS : D ELPHINADAPIS ENUS : D ELPHINADAPIS
D. macrourus (thick macrourus (thick tailed t ailed sea monkey); monkey); southea s outheast st Indian I ndian Ocean. D. pinnecaudius (rainbow pinnecaudius (rainbow sea monkey); monkey); southwest Pacific Ocean. D. pusilla (antarctic pusilla (antarctic dwarf sea monkey); monkey); Southern Ocean. O cean. G ENUS : LEPTORCA ENUS : L
L. suchus (spinner suchus (spinner sea monkey); southeastern Pacific Ocean. O cean. G ENUS : P HOCIPITHECA ENUS : P HOCIPITHECA
P. longicaudatus (long longicaudatus (long tailed sea monkey); monkey); north Pacific. ENUS : U ROPINNAPS G ENUS : U ROPINNAPS
U. delphis (eel delphis (eel tailed sea monkey); monkey); north Atlantic. U. fasciata (harlequin fasciata (harlequin sea monkey); monkey); Indian and Pacific Oceans. U. groenlandica (north groenlandica (north atlantic sea s ea monkey); monkey); northeast Atlantic. U. indosinensis (indochinese indosinensis (indochinese sea monkey); monkey); north Indian Ocean. O cean. G ENUS : H YDROPITHECUS ENUS : H YDROPITHECUS
H. leptopinnatus (long leptopinnatus (long finned sea s ea monkey); monkey); Southern Ocean. G ENUS : H YPHYDRONEXUS ENUS : H YPHYDRONEXUS
H. atlanticus (common atlanticus (common small eared sea monkey); monkey); central and southern s outhern Atlantic. H. eos (europea eos (european n small s mall eared sea monkey); northwestern Atlantic . G ENUS : M EGALIBRACCHIUM ENUS : M EGALIBRACCHIUM
M. maximus (long maximus (long armed sea monkey); monkey); Arctic Arc tic Ocean. O cean.
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ENTADACTYLIA; Family: C HEILAPITHECIDAE HEILAPITHECIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: P ENTADACTYLIA
Time period: 15-35 million years y ears AM. ENUS : C ARNOPAPIO G ENUS : C
C. grandis (great grandis (great raboon); Lemuria. C. longipes (lesser longipes (lesser raboon); eastern Africa. C. vulgaris (common vulgaris (common raboon); Lemuria. ENUS : C OLOBONYX G ENUS : C OLOBONYX
C. spectabilis (colobix); spectabilis (colobix); central Africa. G ENUS : A ALESIMIA ENUS :
A. giganteus (greater giganteus (greater flying monkey); west central Africa. A. lapsus (lemurian lapsus (lemurian flying monkey); monkey); western Lemuria. A. volans (senegal volans (senegal flying monkey); central African rainforests. G ENUS : S ENUS : S AEVITIA
S. feliformis (striger); feliformis (striger); Africa, south of Sahara. G ENUS : A ARANEAPITHECUS ENUS :
A. manucaudata (ziddah manucaudata (ziddah monkey); central Lemuria. ENUS : N ATOPITHECUS G ENUS : N
N. barberus (moustached barberus (moustached swimming monkey); southern Africa. N. ranapes (swimming ranapes (swimming monkey); Nile River. Ri ver. G ENUS : C HEILAPITHECUS ENUS : C HEILAPITHECUS
C. megabrachius (brachiator megabrachius (brachiator monkey); central African rainforests. ENUS : L G ENUS : LIGNIBATES
L. agilis (sooty agilis (sooty wood monkey); northern Lemuria. L. laniger (woolly laniger (woolly wood monkey); southern Lemuria. L. lemuroides (long lemuroides (long haired wood monkey); central Lemuria. L. leo (maned leo (maned wood monkey); southeastern Lemuria. ENUS : M ETAPAPIODON G ENUS : M ETAPAPIODON
M. cephus (saw cephus (saw toothed monkey); India to China. G ENUS : P ROTOCHEIRUS ENUS : P ROTOCHEIRUS
P. colobinus (colobine colobinus (colobine monkey); monkey); central China. G ENUS : M YRMESIMUS ENUS : M YRMESIMUS
M. georgei (ant-eating georgei (ant-eating monkey); monkey); GBM region. M. paradoxus (long-fingered paradoxus (long-fingered ant-eating monkey); China and India. M. psarema (ant-fishing psarema (ant-fishing monkey); monkey); southeastern Asia.
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ENTADACTYLIA; Family: M ONACIIDAE ONACIIDAE (Est. 1995) Order: P ENTADACTYLIA
Time period: 40-100 million years AM. Separated into 2 sub-families: Monaciinae Monacium Chortoperegrina Armasenex
Urosimiinae Urosimia Arbrariel Castosarchus
G ENUS : M ONACIUM ENUS : M ONACIUM
M. fosseyi (modern fosseyi (modern mountain gorilla); Virunga Volcanoes. Volcanoes. M. gorilla (modern gorilla (modern lowland gorilla); central African rainforests. ENUS : C HORTOPEREGRINA G ENUS : C HORTOPEREGRINA
C. cimpatez (round cimpatez (round ape); central Africa. C. entellus (collared entellus (collared ape); South African Afric an province. C. ingens (savanna ingens (savannah h ape); Africa, Af rica, south of Sahara. ENUS : G ENUS : A ARMASENEX
A. aedificator (khiffah); aedificator (khiffah); central African rainforests. G ENUS : U ROSIMIA ENUS : U ROSIMIA
U. longicaudatus (long longicaudatus (long tailed prattler); central African rainforests. U. minor (small minor (small prattler); east central Africa. U. ornaticaudatus (ringtailed ornaticaudatus (ringtailed prattler); Liberia t o Cameroun. G ENUS : A ARBRARIEL ENUS :
sub-genus: Arbrariel A. gracilis (graceful gracilis (graceful chitel); India. A. belessa (white belessa (white tipped chitel); India and China. A. geosimia (ground geosimia (ground chitel); USSR to India. A. megathrix (silky megathrix (silky chitel); GBM. sub-genus: Lissocebus A. australis (australian australis (australian chitel); eastern Australia. A. cynocephalus (pygmy cynocephalus (pygmy chitel); China to t o Malaysia. Malaysia. A. peddingtoni (love peddingtoni (lovely ly chitel); southern China. G ENUS : C ENUS : C ASTOSARCHUS
C. hamungulus (horrane); hamungulus (horrane); central Lemuria. C. sphinx (blonde sphinx (blonde horrane); horrane); eastern Africa. Af rica.
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ENTADACTYLIA; Family: AZULEMURIDAE (Est. 1993) Order: P ENTADACTYLIA
Time period: 15-25 million years y ears AM. ENUS : P ILICERVIS G ENUS : P ILICERVIS
P. occidentalis (nycoo); occidentalis (nycoo); Western Australia. G ENUS : C HEILOPUS ENUS : C HEILOPUS
C. purpunotus (gidda); purpunotus (gidda); Queensland. G ENUS : A ADIPISOMA ENUS :
A. diurnis (fat diurnis (fat lemur); Victoria. G ENUS : H ENUS : H ALEMIA
H. clavela (dufur); clavela (dufur); NSW. G ENUS : A AZULEMUR ENUS :
A. halemi (halem’s azure lemur); central Australia. ENUS : I RIDOCEPHALUS G ENUS : I RIDOCEPHALUS
I. papuensis (red papuensis (red hooded lemur); New Guinea. G uinea.
ENTADACTYLIA; Family: P INNEPITHECIIDAE INNEPITHECIIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: P ENTADACTYLIA
Time period: 20-60 million years y ears AM. G ENUS : P INNEPITHECIA ENUS : P INNEPITHECIA
P. enhydrinus (antarctic enhydrinus (antarctic paddle finned fi nned sea monkey); monkey); Southern Ocean. Oc ean. ENUS : B G ENUS : B AGAENHYDRA
B. piscivora (little piscivora (little paddle monkey); central Pacific Ocean. G ENUS : A AQUAICTICUS ENUS :
A. wagneri (crabeate wagneri (crabeaterr sea s ea monkey); monkey); eastern Pacific Ocean. ENUS : I CHTHYOLEMUR G ENUS : I CHTHYOLEMUR
I. longicaudatus (long longicaudatus (long tailed sea monkey); southern Pacific and Atlantic.
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ENTADACTYLIA; Family: P ILEATIDAE ILEATIDAE (Est. 1992) Order: P ENTADACTYLIA
Time period: 15-100 million years AM. Separated into 7 sub-families: Petrinae Petra Tenea Arctocapus Malacotrichus Zebriconis Deinosmilodon Pytheria
Tyrannopithecinae Bromista Tyrannopithecus Olalestes Parvityrannus
Pileatinae Macropileatus Pileatus Callichroma Minopileatus Ascogulus Planodon Brachiolemur Euryotus Eopithecus Hadalemur Cheilicolobus Sylpha Eunimma Histriosimus Parapropithecinae Capolypus Parapropithecus Selenodon Cercolampis Neocebus Myocebus Plumipitheca Planicephalus
ENUS : P ETRA G ENUS : P ETRA
P. amadeus (amadeus amadeus (amadeus cliffhopper); central Australia, Amadeus Mtns. P. occidentalis (western occidentalis (western cliffhopper); Western Australia. P. petra (common petra (common cliffhopper); central and Western Australia. P. septentrionalis (northern septentrionalis (northern cliffhopper); Northern Territories. G ENUS : T ENEA ENUS : T ENEA
T. arcticus (tasmanian arcticus (tasmanian ribbon lemur); Tasmania. T. canipata (gray canipata (gray legged ribbon lemur); Southern Australia. T. cynocephalus (brown cynocephalus (brown ribbon lemur); NSW. T. darbyi (darby’s ribbon lemur); South Australia. T. inornatus (unadorned inornatus (unadorned masked lemur); Victoria. T. personatus (victorian personatus (victorian masked ribbon lemur); Victoria. T. versicolor (versicolor versicolor (versicolor ribbon lemur); Tasmania. ENUS : G ENUS : A ARCTOCAPUS
A. brevicaudatus (bear-like brevicaudatus (bear-like lemur); GBM. G ENUS : M ENUS : M ALACOTRICHUS
M. vestitus (tasmanian vestitus (tasmanian silky lemur); Tasmania to southern s outhern Victoria. ENUS : Z EBRICONIS G ENUS : Z EBRICONIS
Z. striatus (zebra striatus (zebra lemur); southwest Western Australia. G ENUS : D EINOSMILODON ENUS : D EINOSMILODON
D. horridus (conjagurra horridus (conjagurra lemur); Lemuria. G ENUS : M ENUS : M ACROPILEATUS
M. canela (canela); canela (canela); central and southern Africa.
Spectrinae Spectros Euierolemur
Dyscampturinae Dyscampturus Huaca
Coindrinae Voladapis Galeadapis Lorisinia Duplodepascium Coindris Praegrandis Pigritia Teregale Piasciamplus
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G ENUS : P YTHERIA ENUS : P YTHERIA
P. amblys (tokoloshe); amblys (tokoloshe); central and southern Africa. P. poka (poka); poka (poka); Ethiopia, Somalia and north of Sahara. P. prosimus ; Africa, Arabia to USSR. ENUS : P ILEATUS G ENUS : P ILEATUS
sub-genus: Pileatus P. albigena (white albigena (white cheeked pileated lemur); New Guinea. P. australiensis (australian australiensis (australian pileated lemur); east coastal Australia. P. rubricollis (magenta rubricollis (magenta naped naped pileated lemur); Queensland and Northern Territories. Territ ories. sub-genus: Lamia P. ecaudatus (tasmanian ecaudatus (tasmanian tail less pileated pil eated lemur); Tasmania. G ENUS : C ENUS : C ALLICHROMA
C. amirilis (vesper amirilis (vesper lemur); east coastal Australia to northern GBM. ENUS : M INOPILEATUS G ENUS : M INOPILEATUS
M. conspiculatus (spectacled conspiculatus (spectacled pileated lemur); northern GBM. M. javanicus (oriental javanicus (oriental pileated lemur); northeastern GBM. G ENUS : A ASCOGULUS ENUS :
A. albocollaris (white albocollaris (white collared pileated lemur); U ganda, Rwanda, Zaire, Congo, Cameroun and Gabon. A. guineanus (guinea guineanus (guinea pileated lemur); west central Africa. A. leucrista (white leucrista (white crested pileated lemur); Lemuria. A. vitalis (central vitalis (central african pileated lemur); Virunga Volcanoes. G ENUS : P LANODON ENUS : P LANODON
P. crassicaudatus (thick crassicaudatus (thick tailed t ailed slow lemur); Amazonia. P. fringotis (crested fringotis (crested eared slow lemur); Amazonia. Amazonia. P. prehensalis (flat prehensalis (flat molared lemur); Amazonia. G ENUS : BRACHIOLEMUR ENUS : B
B. aureus (golden aureus (golden lemur); India to China. B. chinensis (chinese chinensis (chinese golden lemur); China. B. diadema (diademed diadema (diademed lemur); Himalayan Mtns. G ENUS : E URYOTUS ENUS : E URYOTUS
E. europaeus (gray europaeus (gray nisse); USSR to Europe, including Great Brittan. E. suecina (palaea suecina (palaearctic rctic nisse); Scandinavia. Scandinavia. G ENUS : H UACA ENUS : H UACA
H. americanus (huaca); americanus (huaca); Brazil to Peru. H. peruvianus (southern peruvianus (southern huaca); Peru to Chile. G ENUS : BROMISTA ENUS : B
B. bentoni (benton’s bugaboo); Western Australia. B. flaviventer (orange flaviventer (orange bellied bugaboo); Tasmania. B. formosa (eastern formosa (eastern bugaboo); east coastal Australia. Austr alia. G ENUS : T YRANNOPITHECUS ENUS : T YRANNOPITHECUS
T. acutodon (mambo); acutodon (mambo); Asia to Africa, including Europe, India and Lemuria. T. estruariensis (australian estruariensis (australian river mambo); central rivers of Aus tralia. T. meridionalis meridionalis (european (european mambo); Europe, Scandinavia and Great Brittan. G ENUS : OLALESTES ENUS : O
O. tachysomus (kusdun); tachysomus (kusdun); Lemuria, parts of east Africa.
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G ENUS : P ENUS : P ARVITYRANNUS
P. murinus (lesser murinus (lesser tyrant lemur); Western Australia. G ENUS : E OPITHECUS ENUS : E OPITHECUS
E. lineatus (lined lineatus (lined ornate lemur); northwestern Lemuria. E. ornatus (ornate ornatus (ornate lemur); eastern Lemuria. G ENUS : H ENUS : H ADALEMUR
H. bambuscivora (bamboo bambuscivora (bamboo fairy lemur); India, parts of northern GBM. H. purpucapillus (purple purpucapillus (purple crowned fairy lemur); southern GBM. ENUS : C HEILICOLOBUS G ENUS : C HEILICOLOBUS
C. inustus (clawed inustus (clawed ornate lemur); India to China. G ENUS : S YLPHA ENUS : S YLPHA
S. sinensis (mandarin sinensis (mandarin wood wood fairy); India to China. S. suisus (friendly suisus (friendly wood fairy); New Guinea to Queensland. Q ueensland. S. xanthopus (yellow xanthopus (yellow footed wood wood fairy); f airy); southern China, Korea, Korea, possibly possibl y Japan. ENUS : E UNIMMA G ENUS : E UNIMMA
E. variegata (jungle variegata (jungle beauty); Madagascar. Madagascar. G ENUS : H ISTRIOSIMUS ENUS : H ISTRIOSIMUS
H. amabilis (red amabilis (red harlequin lemur); Guinea to Gabon. H. mirabilis mirabilis (blue (blue harlequin lemur); Lemuria. ENUS : S PECTROS G ENUS : S PECTROS
S. allegrettus (duendel); allegrettus (duendel); India to China. G ENUS : E UIEROLEMUR ENUS : E UIEROLEMUR
E. bigota (moustached bigota (moustached nanna); NSW. E. melas (black melas (black nanna); NSW. E. nyctes (nanna); nyctes (nanna); NSW, restricted to Sidney province. G ENUS : C ENUS : C APOLYPUS
C. tenes ; Madagascar. Madagascar. ENUS : P ARAPROPITHECUS G ENUS : P
P. albigena (white albigena (white cheeked cat lemur); Queensland. P. cattus (cat cattus (cat lemur); NSW to New Guinea. P. leucogaster (white leucogaster (white bellied cat lemur); GBM. G ENUS : S ELENODON ENUS : S ELENODON
S. banderurus (banner banderurus (banner tailed egg eating lemur); India t o China. S. major (greater major (greater egg eating lemur); northern GBM. S. oovora (common oovora (common egg eating lemur); Australia. G ENUS : C ERCOLAMPIS ENUS : C ERCOLAMPIS
C. azurus (azure azurus (azure incandescent lemur); southern GBM. C. iridescens (incandescent iridescens (incandescent lemur); New Guinea. C. superba (rainbow superba (rainbow lemur); New Guinea. Gui nea. G ENUS : N EOCEBUS ENUS : N EOCEBUS
sub-genus: Neocebus N. gigas (giant gigas (giant eucalypt lemur); southern New Guinea. G uinea. N. olivacea (russet olivacea (russet mantled eucalypt lemur); New Guinea. N. pendletoni (pendleton’s eucalypt lem ur); Papua, New Guinea.
85
sub-genus: Rodochromis N. kylei (kyle’s rosy eucalypt lemur); Queensland. N. nigrivittatus (black nigrivittatus (black head and chested rosy lemur); northern Queensland to New Guinea. N. roseus (rosy roseus (rosy eucalypt lemur); NSW and Queensland. G ENUS : M YOCEBUS ENUS : M YOCEBUS
M. splendidulus (ear splendidulus (ear tufted eucalypt lemur); northeast Australia. ENUS : P LUMIPITHECA G ENUS : P LUMIPITHECA
sub-genus: Azurops P. cyanocrista (cyan cyanocrista (cyan crowned paradise lemur); Victoria. Vict oria. sub-genus: Plumipitheca P. hirsutipes (plume hirsutipes (plume footed paradise lemur); NSW. P. melocrista (black melocrista (black crested paradise lemur); Queensland. Q ueensland. P. rubra (red rubra (red and black paradise lemur); T asmania. sub-genus: Chlorotriccus P. chloricolli c hloricollis s (green (green collared paradise lemur); Tasmania. T asmania. P. salema (green naped paradise lemur); King and Founder’s Is, southern Australia. G ENUS : P LANICEPHALUS ENUS : P LANICEPHALUS
P. vulgaris (flat vulgaris (flat headed lemur); Australia to India. G ENUS : D YSCAMPTURUS ENUS : D YSCAMPTURUS
D. lacertosus (chakawati); lacertosus (chakawati); Cascade volcanoes. G ENUS : V OLADAPIS ENUS : V OLADAPIS
V. labia (curaçao); labia (curaçao); western Brazil. G ENUS : G ENUS : G ALEADAPIS
G. barothera (great barothera (great ground kiwa); Argentina. ENUS : L G ENUS : LORISINIA
L. linguetus (kiwa); linguetus (kiwa); central USA. G ENUS : D UPLODEPASCIUM ENUS : D UPLODEPASCIUM
D. longicervix (ziganka); longicervix (ziganka); Chile to Argentina. G ENUS : C OINDRIS ENUS : C OINDRIS
C. digionyx (aniset); digionyx (aniset); Brazil to Peru. G ENUS : P RAEGRANDIS ENUS : P RAEGRANDIS
P. chiliensis (toru); chiliensis (toru); Chile and Argentina. G ENUS : P IGRITIA ENUS : P IGRITIA
P. ignavus (russet ignavus (russet arbraser); Amazonia. Amazonia. P. tardus (central tardus (central american arbraser); Central America. P. torquatus (dark torquatus (dark faced arbraser); upper Amazonia. G ENUS : T EREGALE ENUS : T EREGALE
T. argutus (silvery argutus (silvery abrahor); abrahor); central Brazil. T. prehendere (silver prehendere (silver tipped abrahor); abrahor); eastern Amazonia. ENUS : P IASCIAMPLUS G ENUS : P IASCIAMPLUS
P. altus (long altus (long necked toru); Amazonia. Amazonia.
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ENTADACTYLIA; Family: C HIROSAPIDAE HIROSAPIDAE (Est. 1992) Order: P ENTADACTYLIA
Time period: 20-100 million years AM (not counting the bushbabies, around since the Age of Man). Separated into 4 sub-families: Mesocheirinae Nesocalous Sericalla Oreolemur Potamailuria Mesocheirus Procheirus Micropropithecus Chirosapinae Leptonosoma Nannochirus Chirosapus
Galiginae Sciurocheirus Galago
Notosiminae Entomolestes Notosimus Eudipus
ENUS : N ESOCALOUS G ENUS : N ESOCALOUS
N. littoralis ; Lemuria. G ENUS : S ERICALLA ENUS : S ERICALLA
S. belessa (common belessa (common beautiful lemur); central African rainforests. S. pumilio (tufted pumilio (tufted eared beautiful lemur); west central Africa. S. pusilla (pygmy pusilla (pygmy beautiful lemur); central African rainforests. S. sangraria (bleeding sangraria (bleeding heart beautiful lemur); Vir unga Volcanoes. Volcanoes. G ENUS : OREOLEMUR ENUS : O
O. belzebuth (frilled belzebuth (frilled oceanala); east coast Africa, Indian Ocean and Nile Channel. O. bermudensis (bermuda bermudensis (bermuda oceanala); oceanala); Bermuda Is, At Atlantic lantic Ocean. Oc ean. O. cathiah (cape cathiah (cape oceanala); Ivory Coast to Southern Ocean. O. marinus (atlantic marinus (atlantic oceanala); coastal western Africa, Atlantic Ocean. ENUS : P OTAMAILURIA G ENUS : P OTAMAILURIA
P. venusta (river venusta (river oceanala); oceanala); South Af rica and Zambia. ENUS : M ESOCHEIRUS G ENUS : M ESOCHEIRUS
M. angoliensis (angolan angoliensis (angolan crowned lemur); Angola. M. lemuroides (red lemuroides (red flanked lemur); Lemuria. M. senegalensis (teddy senegalensis (teddy bear lemur); central Lemuria. G ENUS : S CIUROCHEIRUS ENUS : S CIUROCHEIRUS
G. venustus (lovely venustus (lovely bushbaby); Nigeria, Congo and Fernando Poo. G ENUS : G ENUS : G ALAGO
G. microtis (small microtis (small eared bushbaby); Lemuria. G. poliocephalus (white poliocephalus (white headed bushbaby); central African rainforests. ENUS : P ROCHEIRUS G ENUS : P ROCHEIRUS
P. caballicaudi c aballicaudis s (horse (horse tailed graceful lemur); Liberia, Sierra Leone, Leone, to Guinea. P. capensis (cape capensis (cape graceful lemur); central African rainforests. G ENUS : LEPTONOSOMA ENUS : L
L. gracilis (australian gracilis (australian graceful lemur); Queensland to New Guinea. L. melogena (black melogena (black cheeked graceful lemur); GBM.
87
G ENUS : N ENUS : N ANOCHIRUS
N. minor (little minor (little red r ed backed lemur); extreme northern Queensland. G ENUS : C HIROSAPUS ENUS : C HIROSAPUS
sub-genus: Anguilemur C. dorsalis (back dorsalis (back striped lemur); east coastal Australia. C. flavicauda (yellow flavicauda (yellow tailed lemur); Queensland. sub-genus: Chirosapus C. melicheirus (dark melicheirus (dark handed robust lemur); NSW and Victoria. C. robustus (gray robustus (gray mantled robust lemur); NSW to Queensland. G ENUS : E NTOMOLESTES ENUS : E NTOMOLESTES
E. leporoides (kangaroo “hare”); northwest Western Australia. E. major (greater kangaroo “hare”); southern Western Australia. G ENUS : N OTOSIMUS ENUS : N OTOSIMUS
N. macropus (nuaga); macropus (nuaga); Western Australia. G ENUS : E UDIPUS ENUS : E UDIPUS
E. ctenocaudis (comb ctenocaudis (comb tailed jerboa lemur); Northern Territ ories. G ENUS : M ICROPROPITHECUS ENUS : M ICROPROPITHECUS
M. eos ; Madagascar, Comoro Is.
88
ENTADACTYLIA; Family: E CHILEMURIDAE CHILEMURIDAE (Est. 1993) Order: P ENTADACTYLIA
Time period: 60-100 million years AM. ENUS : D ASYCODAS G ENUS : D
D. kylei (kyle’s spiny lemur); southern China. G ENUS : E RICIUS ENUS : E RICIUS
E. echinodorsa (nuridin); echinodorsa (nuridin); western USA, Cascade Volcanoes. Volcanoes. G ENUS : E RIZO ENUS : E RIZO
E. subcollis (collared subcollis (collared aris); Mexico to most of South America, excluding Amaazonia. Amaazonia. G ENUS : E LAPHRACANTHUS ENUS : E LAPHRACANTHUS
E. paradoxa (four paradoxa (four spiked lemur); east coastal Australia. G ENUS : A ACANTHRIX ENUS :
A. mesomelas (fuberru); mesomelas (fuberru); Western Australia. ENUS : E CHILEMUR G ENUS : E CHILEMUR
sub-genus: Echilemur E. australis (desert australis (desert hedgehog lemur); Western Australia. E. echinus (common echinus (common hedgehog lemur); Victoria and NSW. E. fuscus (chocolate fuscus (chocolate sided hedgehog hedgehog lemur); most of east coastal Australia. Aus tralia. E. hispidus (straw hispidus (straw backed hedgehog lemur); Victoria and NSW. sub-genus: Endostethus E. jubatus (maned jubatus (maned hedgehog lemur); Queensland and New Guinea. G ENUS : P ENUS : P ACHYSETUS
P. pachysetus (thick pachysetus (thick spined lemur); Siberia to eastern Europe. G ENUS : E RINALIA ENUS : E RINALIA
E. brevicaudis (short brevicaudis (short tailed chattering lemur); northeastern GBM. E. indica (long indica (long tailed chattering lemur); southern India. G ENUS : S ETOSUS ENUS : S ETOSUS
S. cristata (crested cristata (crested porcupine lemur); Queensland. G ENUS : S ETAGLOSSUS ENUS : S ETAGLOSSUS
sub-genus: Setaglossus S. papuensis (rufus papuensis (rufus honey lemur); lemur); New Guinea. G uinea. sub-genus: Adipis S. adipis (fat adipis (fat sugar lemur); northern New Guinea. G ENUS : U ROPHYLLUS ENUS : U ROPHYLLUS
U. nasua (brush nasua (brush tailed lemur); Queensland and New Guinea. G ENUS : E NANTHIUS ENUS : E NANTHIUS
E. ctenodon (lemurian ctenodon (lemurian spineless lemur); Lemuria. ENUS : L G ENUS : LIPOECHINUS
L. albifrons (himalay albifrons (himalayan an spineless lemur); l emur); Himalayan Mtns. L. lanigera (indian lanigera (indian spineless lemur); India to China. L. vitticollis (hill vitticollis (hill spineless lemur); Mongolia to Afghanistan.
89
ENTADACTYLIA; Family: F RUCTIPHAGIDAE RUCTIPHAGIDAE (Est. 1993) Order: P ENTADACTYLIA
Time period: 70-100 million years AM. ENUS : F RUCTIPHAGOUS G ENUS : F RUCTIPHAGOUS
F. lepidus (scaled lepidus (scaled lemur); NSW. G ENUS : LIPOTIS ENUS : L
L. australis (earless australis (earless fruit lemur); east coastal Australia. G ENUS : A ADENOFEROUS ENUS :
A. pinnatus (feathertail pinnatus (feathertail lemur); New Guinea. G ENUS : V ENENATUS ENUS : V ENENATUS
V. macrodon (pokunt); macrodon (pokunt); Queensland Q ueensland..
ENTADACTYLIA; Family: O LIPITHECIDAE LIPITHECIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: P ENTADACTYLIA
Time period: 35-70 million years y ears AM. G ENUS : A AVEROCERCUS ENUS :
A. humiliramus (long humiliramus (long tailed dedu); southern Lemuria. A. prehensalis (curly prehensalis (curly tailed dedu); central Lemuria. G ENUS : OLIPITHECUS ENUS : O
O. galagoides (long galagoides (long eared simeo); northern Lemuria. O. laniger (woolly laniger (woolly simeo); central and southern Lemuria. ENUS : T RICHLIA G ENUS : T RICHLIA
sub-genus: Trichlia T. aedificator (papuan aedificator (papuan nesting monkey); eastern New Guinea. T. frons (spotnosed frons (spotnosed nesting monkey); southern GBM. T. murmur (babbling murmur (babbling nesting monkey); northern GBM. T. nidus (cavern nidus (cavern monkey); monkey); southern GBM, New Guinea. trichlia (leaf nest monkey); GBM timberline. T. trichlia (leaf T. vicinia (common vicinia (common nesting monkey); New Guinea. sub-genus: Tectastructor T. architectura (bower architectura (bower nest monkey); India. G ENUS : R ISA ENUS : R ISA
R. magna (noisy magna (noisy laughing monkey); central African rainforests. R. robusta (bulky robusta (bulky laughing monkey); monkey); east central c entral Africa. ENUS : G IGANTEASIMUS G ENUS : G IGANTEASIMUS
G. tridactylus (three tridactylus (three toed coursing monkey); central and southern Af rica. G ENUS : S ENUS : S APIENTER
S. bellua (hairy bellua (hairy coursing monkey); central African rainforests. S. bipodes (barefoot bipodes (barefoot coursing monkey); South African Afric an province. S. bracchiolum (indian bracchiolum (indian coursing monkey); India. S. lascivius (sepia lascivius (sepia coursing monkey); southern Lemuria. S. latratus (siberian latratus (siberian coursing monkey); USSR to t o eastern Europe. S. mens (maned mens (maned coursing monkey); monkey); Lemuria. S. virinus (wivern virinus (wivern monkey); monkey); India I ndia to western China. G ENUS : P RINCEPS ENUS : P RINCEPS
P. ornithomimoides (short ornithomimoides (short nosed coursing monkey); monkey); northern Lemuria.
90
G ENUS : G EMMIFER ENUS : G EMMIFER
G. adamas (diamond adamas (diamond monkey); northern Lemuria. G. gemmifer (jeweled gemmifer (jeweled monkey); central Lemuria. G. rubra (ruby rubra (ruby monkey); northern and central Lemuria. ENUS : T ELAPEDARIUS G ENUS : T ELAPEDARIUS
T. amnis (disk amnis (disk f ooted river river monkey); Afro-european Mtns. T. claudiodon (long claudiodon (long toothed river monkey); Europe and USSR. T. fremere (river fremere (river monkey); monkey); western USSR. T. natalis (isle natalis (isle river monkey); Great Brittan. G ENUS : L ANASOMA ENUS : L
L. acer (fast acer (fast woolly monkey); monkey); south central Lemuria. L. regalis (crowned regalis (crowned woolly monkey); southern Lemuria. L. superbus (superb superbus (superb woolly monkey); central Lemuria. ENUS : T ORTILURUS G ENUS : T ORTILURUS
T. elegans ; southern Africa.
91
ENTADACTYLIA; Family: D IUSIMIDAE IUSIMIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: P ENTADACTYLIA
Time period: 30-100 million years AM. ENUS : P ITHECOROS G ENUS : P ITHECOROS
P. platycaudatus (flat platycaudatus (flat tailed montane monkey); monkey); Rocky Mtns, USA. G ENUS : OVILESTES ENUS : O
O. acudens (egg acudens (egg stealing monkey); central Amazonia. G ENUS : D IUSIMUS ENUS : D IUSIMUS
D. pernix (southern pernix (southern rock monkey); Peru to t o Bolivia. D. priscus (yucatan priscus (yucatan rock monkey); Yucatan Penninsula. D. sociare (rock sociare (rock herding monkey); monkey); northern Amazonia. D. timidus (little timidus (little rock r ock monkey); central Amazonia. D. vestitus (shoulder vestitus (shoulder striped rock monkey); eastern Amazonia. Amazonia. G ENUS : M INAX ENUS : M INAX
M. jaculum (mona); jaculum (mona); Chile and Argentina. G ENUS : C ELERAMUS ENUS : C ELERAMUS
C. gracilis (graceful gracilis (graceful sprinting spri nting monkey); central Amazonia. C. leptocruz (slender leptocruz (slender legged sprinting monkey); monkey); southern Amazonia. G ENUS : BOMBYPELLIS ENUS : B
B. borealis (boreal borealis (boreal silky monkey); southern and central Canada. B. montanus (montane montanus (montane silky monkey); western USA. B. nox (island nox (island silky monkey); northern San Diego Is. B. sericum (pretty sericum (pretty silky monkey); central USA. G ENUS : S CEMMIA ENUS : S CEMMIA
S. amazonia (common amazonia (common monkey); Amazonia. S. scemmia (northern scemmia (northern common monkey); northern Amazonia. G ENUS : OLOFEROUS ENUS : O
O. gryps (gray gryps (gray oil monkey); northeastern USA. O. nidius (straw nidius (straw nest oil monkey); monkey); western USA. O. pinguis (common pinguis (common oil monkey); north central USA. O. prehendere (prehensile prehendere (prehensile tailed oil monkey); northwestern USA. ENUS : F OGLIAPITHECUS G ENUS : F OGLIAPITHECUS
sub-genus: Fogliapithecus F. melas (sooty melas (sooty nagual); San Diego Is. F. nisium (key nisium (key monkey); Florida Key Islands. F. nudipes (naked nudipes (naked footed nagual); southern San Diego Is. F. stella (star stella (star nagual); central and eastern USA. F. tonsus (vocal tonsus (vocal nagual); western USA. sub-genus: Ocellus F. docilis (serene docilis (serene nagual); eastern Amazonia. F. flammifer (firey flammifer (firey nagual); central c entral Amazonia. Amazonia. F. flavesco (yellow flavesco (yellow bellied firey nagual); Yucatan Penninsula. sub-genus: Doliaris F. maculis (freckled maculis (freckled nagual); Yucatan Penninsula. ENUS : P AMPASIMUS G ENUS : P
P. dissimularis (vine dissimularis (vine monkey); northeastern Amazonia.
92
G ENUS : N EVADA ENUS : N EVADA
N. monticola (snowflake monticola (snowflake monkey); Alaska and northwestern Canada. G ENUS : C ENUS : C ANTANTIA
C. ululatus (southern ululatus (southern screech monkey); Argentina to Chile. C. vagirus (golden vagirus (golden rumped screech monkey); Chile to Peru. G ENUS : A AVAROCERCUS ENUS :
A. megatheron (thick megatheron (thick tailed monkey); southern Argentina.
ENTADACTYLIA; Family: P YGMAEIDAE YGMAEIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: P ENTADACTYLIA
Time period: 15-50 million years y ears AM. ENUS : N YMPHA G ENUS : N YMPHA
N. galagoides (northern galagoides (northern pygmy lemur); northern Madagascar. Madagascar. N. nympha (southern nympha (southern pygmy lemur); southern s outhern Madagascar. Madagascar. G ENUS : P YGMAEUS ENUS : P YGMAEUS
P. cattus (yama cattus (yama); ); south central Madagascar. Madagascar. P. nyctes (night nyctes (night pygmy lemur); central Madagascar. ENUS : P UMILUS G ENUS : P UMILUS
P. microtis (small microtis (small eared dwarf lemur); northern Madagascar. Madagascar. P. sciureus (squirrel sciureus (squirrel dwarf lemur); central Madagascar. G ENUS : E DOGALEOPHRYS ENUS : E DOGALEOPHRYS
E. madagascariensis (common madagascariensis (common walloo); throughout Madagascar. Madagascar. E. tricristus (three tricristus (three crested walloo); southern Madagascar. Madagascar. G ENUS : A ACROBASIA ENUS :
A. enimoides (wraith); enimoides (wraith); western Madagascar. Madagascar. G ENUS : S TOICHEIR ENUS : S TOICHEIR
S. madisoni (madison’s euriel); eastern Madagascar. S. occidentalis (western occidentalis (western euriel); western Madagascar. S. ornatus (ornate ornatus (ornate euriel); southeastern Madagascar. S. vitalis (chequered vitalis (chequered euriel); central Madagascar. Madagascar. ENUS : G ENUS : A ARDILLA
A. lanifera (sylvan lanifera (sylvan); ); northern Madagascar. G ENUS : C ITELLUS ENUS : C ITELLUS
C. minor (ganesa); minor (ganesa); northwestern Madagascar. Madagascar.
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SEUDOSIMIA; Family: B ERADAPIDAE ERADAPIDAE (Est. 1994) order: P SEUDOSIMIA
Time period: 40-100 million years AM. ENUS : G ENUS : A ADROLEMUR
A. pictus (painted pictus (painted toddy); central c entral Madagascar. A. terrestris (cave terrestris (cave toddy); southern Madagascar. Madagascar. A. volans (fast volans (fast toddy); eastern Madagascar. Madagascar. ENUS : L G ENUS : LEPTOPETES
L. venia (tungaru); venia (tungaru); northern to central Madagascar. G ENUS : M ETALCES ENUS : M ETALCES
M. entellus (tricolred entellus (tricolred heradon); t hroughout Madagascar. M. farrissi (greater farrissi (greater heradon); northern Madagascar. Madagascar. M. tersus (wagtail tersus (wagtail heradon); heradon); south central Madagascar. Madagascar. M. tesca (pied tesca (pied heradon); southern Madagascar. Madagascar. M. ursinus (ursine ursinus (ursine heradon); southern s outhern Madagascar. G ENUS : H ETEROLEMUR ENUS : H ETEROLEMUR
H. aethiops (tufted aethiops (tufted crit); extreme extreme northern Madagascar. H. ascanius (white ascanius (white fronted crit); western Madagascar. H. concolor (tawny concolor (tawny crit); southern s outhern Madagascar. Madagascar. H. larvatus (crested larvatus (crested crit); southern Madagascar. H. murrayi (murray’s crit); northern Madagascar. G ENUS : M IMETES ENUS : M IMETES
M. ingens (pachanga); ingens (pachanga); throughout Madagascar. Madagascar. M. tardigradis (dixaluc); tardigradis (dixaluc); central Madagascar. Madagascar. ENUS : B G ENUS : BERADAPIS
B. comoroensis (comoro comoroensis (comoro bacary); Comoro Is. B. perturpis (heavy perturpis (heavy bacary); central to western Madagascar. B. rutilus (rusty rutilus (rusty sided si ded bacary); northern Madagascar. B. strigosus (lined strigosus (lined bacary); southern s outhern Madagascar. ENUS : G ENUS : A ATHEOPOBUS
A. procerus (pombey); procerus (pombey); western Madagascar. G ENUS : M ENUS : M ARSIPADAPIS
M. sacculus (pouched sacculus (pouched vodda); eastern Madagascar. M. thylognathus (cheek thylognathus (cheek pouched vodda); western Madagascar. ENUS : B G ENUS : BERBERITSA
B. musculus (comoros musculus (comoros quibbler); Comoro Is. B. nitoris (common nitoris (common quibbler); t hroughout Madagascar. Madagascar. B. nubilis (pest nubilis (pest quibbler); central Madagascar. B. olidus (spiny olidus (spiny quibbler); central Madagascar. Madagascar. B. plorabilis plorabilis (running (running quibbler); throughout Madagascar. Madagascar. B. potens (greater potens (greater quibbler); southern Madagascar. Madagascar. B. praesulto (ounce praesulto (ounce quibbler); northern Madagascar. Madagascar.
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SEUDOSIMIA; Family: O TOPSIDAE TOPSIDAE (Est. 1996) Order: P SEUDOSIMIA
Time period: 25-50 million years y ears AM. ENUS : N YCTEDUS G ENUS : N YCTEDUS
N. malayensis (malay malayensis (malayan an phrec); Malaysia, Malaysia, northern GBM. N. musculus (spotted musculus (spotted phrec); Indochina, southern India. N. personata (masked personata (masked phrec); northern GBM. N. selena (crescent selena (crescent phrec); northern GBM. G ENUS : S PILONOS ENUS : S PILONOS
S. maculosus (freckled maculosus (freckled phrec); GBM. G ENUS : OTOPS ENUS : O
O. centralis (australian centralis (australian huffer); northern Queensland, Northern Territories. O. megalotis (large megalotis (large eared huffer); Papua, New Guinea. G ENUS : S PIRONIFER ENUS : S PIRONIFER
S. acuta (silver acuta (silver tipped dolo); Queensland and NSW. S. hastatus (sword hastatus (sword clawed dolo); east coastal Australia, Paapua, New Guinea. G ENUS : C ORYDOLAPTES ENUS : C ORYDOLAPTES
C. corius (cory corius (cory logon); western Tasmania. T asmania. C. dendrobates (forest dendrobates (forest logon); central Tasmania. C. melogaster (black melogaster (black vented logon); eastern Tasmania. C. pecausensis (pecaus pecausensis (pecaus I. logon); Pecaus Is. C. pyrrhorinus (red pyrrhorinus (red muzzled logon); throughout T asmania. C. tasmanus (common tasmanus (common tasmanian logon); throughout Tasmania. T asmania. G ENUS : S TEVANA ENUS : S TEVANA
S. formosus (koomba formosus (koombah); h); western USA. G ENUS : L ANIARIS ENUS : L
L. laniaris (common laniaris (common woolly woolly huffer); huff er); Central America. L. mona (mona mona (mona huffer); southwestern USA. L. spectabilis (bannered spectabilis (bannered woolly woolly huff er); Mexico to Central America. G ENUS : N ENUS : N ARICA
N. longinares (long longinares (long nosed koombah); Amazonia. ENUS : P ITHECOPUS G ENUS : P ITHECOPUS
P. cheirus (adorned cheirus (adorned koombah); Amazonia. P. dactylopsila (long dactylopsila (long fingered f ingered koombah); koombah); Amazonia. Amazonia. P. pithecoides (prehensile pithecoides (prehensile tailed koombah); Amazonia.
RIMATES ; Family: U PHANTIDAE PHANTIDAE (Est. 2003) Order: P RIMATES
Time period: 5-15 million years AM. ENUS : U PHANTES G ENUS : U PHANTES
U. calathium (uakoo calathium (uakoon); n); central c entral South America.
95
ODENTIA; Family: P INNAPODIDAE INNAPODIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: R ODENTIA
Time period: 30-50 million years y ears AM. ENUS : P INNAPUS G ENUS : P INNAPUS
P. saltans (spitting saltans (spitting featherfoot); southern USA from Arizona to Texas. G ENUS : P LATYCAUDATUS ENUS : P LATYCAUDATUS
P. rosariae ; Afro-European Mtns. P. saharae (african saharae (african soljack); Sahara Desert. P. structor (asian structor (asian soljack); Mongolia to Saudi Arabia. G ENUS : A AQUATOR ENUS :
A. aedipsicautus (ginkaroo aedipsicautus (ginkaroo); ); southern s outhern San Diego Is.
ARSUPIALIA; Family: M YRMESCIURIDAE YRMESCIURIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: M ARSUPIALIA
Time period: 5-20 million years AM. G ENUS : M YRMESCIURUS ENUS : M YRMESCIURUS
Australia. M. macronyx (ant “squirrel”); W estern Australia.
96
ODENTIA; Family: P ONTIKIIDAE ONTIKIIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: R ODENTIA
Time period: 15-70 million years y ears AM. Separated into 3 sub-families: Pontikiinae Leiurus Choleobasanisticus Piascimocheir Megarouraios Petagma Pontiki Sorcio Omilonota Lestemys Pseudarx Phrampalamys
Ouraniomyinae Ouraniomys Gabgisimys Dromeamys Macropodaros Exupnomys Cinciglia Toxomus Thamnodactylus
Potamomurinae Potamomus Enischuticopoda Myopinnaps
ENUS : L G ENUS : LEIURUS
L. acurostris (long acurostris (long nosed smooth tailed rat); Eurasia. L. assimilis (sand-swimmer); assimilis (sand-swimmer); Arabia. L. caffer (common caffer (common smooth tailed rat); Europe to China. C hina. L. insolitus (sand insolitus (sand rat); Sahara Desert. L. mollissima ; southern Europe. L. pura (desert pura (desert smooth tailed rat); north Africa, south of Afro-european Mtns. L. simplex (mountain simplex (mountain smooth tailed rat); Af ro-european ro-european Mtns. ENUS : O G ENUS : OURANIOMYS
O. arundo (bush arundo (bush jerber); Angola to South African province. O. bellus (spotted bellus (spotted and striped jerber); eastern Africa, Lyberia to Congo. O. formosus (formosan formosus (formosan jerber); central African rainforests. O. ligamentum (hopping ligamentum (hopping jerber); central Africa. O. malum (reed malum (reed jerber); Angola to Senegal. G ENUS : C HOLEOBASANISTICUS ENUS : C HOLEOBASANISTICUS
C. longicaudatus (long longicaudatus (long tailed grass mouse); India to western China. C. pithecoides (monkey pithecoides (monkey footed footed grass mouse); central and southern India. G ENUS : T OXOMUS ENUS : T OXOMUS
sub-genus: Toxomus T. dorcas (dorcas dorcas (dorcas bow mouse); central Madagascar. T. festivus (festive festivus (festive bow mouse); Madagascar. Madagascar. T. paratus (red paratus (red fronted fr onted bow mouse); Madagascar. T. probus (long probus (long nosed bow mouse); northern Madagascar. Madagascar. sub-genus: Sciurimys T. erucaphaga (tree erucaphaga (tree bow mouse); south central Lemuria. T. frutecimys (nectar frutecimys (nectar bow mouse); Lemuria. T. gratia (pretty gratia (pretty faced bow mouse); Comoro Is. T. virga (dorsal virga (dorsal bow mouse); southern Lemuria. G ENUS : P IASCIMOCHEIR ENUS : P IASCIMOCHEIR
P. ascens (pied ascens (pied tara); central Europe. Eur ope. P. geckoides (gecko geckoides (gecko toed tara); eastern Europe, USSR. P. pariegradis (slow pariegradis (slow tara); Scotland and Ireland. I reland. P. pernicitas (brown pernicitas (brown tara); Great Brittan. G ENUS : G ENUS : G ABGISIMYS
G. cuniculus (palaber); cuniculus (palaber); Scandinavia.
97
G ENUS : P OTAMOMUS ENUS : P OTAMOMUS
P. barbosus (bengal barbosus (bengal barbed water water rat); central India. P. muriculus (caspian muriculus (caspian barbed water rat); USSR. P. piscivora (indochinese piscivora (indochinese barbed water water rat); India to China. ENUS : M EGAROURAIOS G ENUS : M EGAROURAIOS
M. carnomus (indian carnomus (indian tree rat); central India. M. gigas (giant gigas (giant tree rat); China and Korea. M. salires (chinese salires (chinese tree rat); eastern China. ENUS : E NISCHUTICOPODA G ENUS : E NISCHUTICOPODA
E. africana (angolan africana (angolan proboscis proboscis rat); Angola to South African province. E. brewbakeri (brewbaker’s proboscis rat); western Africa, from Guinea to Senegal. E. elephantulus (nile elephantulus (nile proboscis rat); northern Nile River. E. gigas (giant gigas (giant proboscis rat); South African province. E. hannae (hannah’s proboscis rat); central African rainforests. E. soricinus (afro-europea soricinus (afro-european n proboscis rat); Afro-european Afro-european Mtns. G ENUS : D ROMEAMYS ENUS : D ROMEAMYS
D. diurnis (lemurian diurnis (lemurian deer rat); Lemuria. G ENUS : P ETAGMA ENUS : P ETAGMA
P. alecto (flying alecto (flying rat); central Lemuria. G ENUS : M ENUS : M ACROPODAROS
sub-genus: Macropodaros M. arbiter (afghan arbiter (afghan heteroo); Afghanistan. M. dasythrix (long dasythrix (long haired heteroo); heteroo); USSR to Afghanistan. M. deserta (arid deserta (arid heteroo); central Arabia. M. futicourus (naked futicourus (naked tailed heteroo); central Arabia. M. megalotis (rabbuck megalotis (rabbuck eared heteroo); eastern Arabia to Pakistan. M. nudipes (barefoot nudipes (barefoot heteroo); heteroo); northern Arabia to southern USSR. M. phountaurus (brush phountaurus (brush tipped t ipped heteroo); heteroo); southern s outhern Saudi Arabia. M. subsultere (burrowing subsultere (burrowing heteroo); northeast Asia. sub-genus: Pectenopus M. margarita (comb margarita (comb footed f ooted heteroo); heteroo); Inner Mongolia. Mongolia. ENUS : P ONTIKI G ENUS : P ONTIKI
P. australiensis (australian australiensis (australian common rat); throughout Australia. Aust ralia. P. herbivora (southern herbivora (southern grazing rat); Southern Australia. P. praeda (leaf praeda (leaf rat); east coastal Australia. ENUS : C INCIGLIA G ENUS : C INCIGLIA
C. dama (dama dama (dama nogar); southern China and Korea. C. indica (indian indica (indian nogar); southern India. C. usitatus (chinchilla usitatus (chinchilla nogar); India to western China. G ENUS : S ORCIO ENUS : S ORCIO
S. caucasius (spiny caucasius (spiny shrew rat); USSR to eastern Europe. S. euroindica (russian euroindica (russian shrew rat); USSR. G ENUS : E ENUS : E XUPNOMYS
E. venusta (rabbuck venusta (rabbuck rat); Western Australia. G ENUS : OMILONOTA ENUS : O
O. O. O. O.
afer (south afer (south african banded rat); South African province. caucascideus (caucasian caucascideus (caucasian banded rat); Europe to USSR. fasciata (gobi fasciata (gobi banded rat); China and Mongolia. leptonyx (long leptonyx (long clawed banded rat); eastern Africa. Afric a.
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O. mongoliensis (mongolia mongoliensis (mongolian n banded rat); Mongolia to western China. O. pseudomys (pale pseudomys (pale banded rat); GBM. O. pulchera (pulcher pulchera (pulcher banded rat); Queensland and NSW. O. rubella (red rubella (red banded rat); western Africa. O. rufus (jungle rufus (jungle banded rat); central African rainforests. O. spectabilis (banner spectabilis (banner rat); eastern Africa. ENUS : L G ENUS : LESTEMYS
sub-genus: Lestemys L. crassiurus (thick crassiurus (thick tailed cave rat); Southern Australia. L. hispidus (hispid hispidus (hispid cave rat); Northern Territories. L. longionyx (clawed longionyx (clawed cave rat); southern Northern Territories. L. subterraneus (sooty subterraneus (sooty cave rat); northern Western Australia. L. velvetum (velv velvetum (velvety ety cave rat); Western Australia. L. venusta (silver venusta (silver cave rat); central Northern Territories. sub-genus: Eremos L. arizona (arid arizona (arid cave rat); northern India and Nepal. L. cacto (spiny cacto (spiny cave rat); USSR to Afghanistan. L. cynos (agouti cynos (agouti cave rat); Gobi Desert. L. fraenata (short fraenata (short tailed cave rat); USSR to Arabia. L. longicaudatus (long longicaudatus (long tailed cave rat); northwestern China and Mongolia. L. nyctes (hotot nyctes (hotot cave rat); USSR. L. ornata (ornate ornata (ornate cave rat); southwestern Asia. L. phyllotis (leaf phyllotis (leaf eared cave rat); central Arabia. L. siccus (gray siccus (gray tipped cave rat); central India. L. spinosus (small spinosus (small spined cave rat); Pakistan to Afghanistan. sub-genus: Rata L. communis (social communis (social cave rat); Sahara Desert. L. cuniculus (pouched cuniculus (pouched cave rat); c central entral Sahara Desert. L. fulvus (yellow fulvus (yellow cave cave rat); northern Af rica. L. meinkoi (vesper meinkoi (vesper cave rat); South African Afric an Province. L. vulgaris (desert vulgaris (desert cave rat); Arabia to northern Africa. ENUS : P SEUDARX G ENUS : P SEUDARX
P. delacouri (evening delacouri (evening false pack rat); Victoria to Southern Australia. P. labneri (labner’s false pack rat); Western Australia. P. myrtha (myrtha myrtha (myrtha false pack rat); Northern Territories. P. pallens (ferruginous pallens (ferruginous false pack rat); Queensland to Victoria. P. ulula (forest ulula (forest false pack rat); eastern Queensland. P. vermiculatus (vermiculated vermiculatus (vermiculated false pack rat); central Western Australia. G ENUS : P HRAMPALAMYS ENUS : P HRAMPALAMYS
sub-genus: Phrampalamys P. decus (maned decus (maned muslin); Lemuria. P. segmenta (bicolored segmenta (bicolored muslin); Lemuria. P. versicolor (many versicolor (many colored colored muslin); southern Lemuria. sub-genus: Fimbria P. calamistris (long calamistris (long legged frilled muslin); northeastern Lemuria. P. fimbria (common fimbria (common frilled muslin); northern Lemuria. G ENUS : M YOPINNAPS ENUS : M YOPINNAPS
sub-genus: Myopinnaps M. leucogaster (white leucogaster (white bellied flippered rat); eastern Africa. M. lividus (blue lividus (blue backed flippered rat); Lemuria. M. melanotus (black melanotus (black backed flippered rat); Lemuria. M. phocina (madaga phocina (madagascan scan f lippered rat); northern Madagascar. Madagascar. sub-genus: Aotis M. aotis (earless aotis (earless flippered rat); east coastal Australia. G ENUS : T HAMNODACTYLUS ENUS : T HAMNODACTYLUS
T. deserta (bushy deserta (bushy toed rat); Arabia.
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ODENTIA; Family: N IDIMYIDAE IDIMYIDAE (Est. 1995) Order: R ODENTIA
Time period: 45-60 million years y ears AM. ENUS : T HAMNOCUSTOS G ENUS : T HAMNOCUSTOS
T. ailuronyx (cat ailuronyx (cat clawed weaver rat); Virunga Volcanoes. T. capensis (cape capensis (cape weaver weaver rat); eastern Af rica. T. libadis (bush libadis (bush herder); southern Africa. T. noicocura (gentle noicocura (gentle weaver weaver rat); central Africa. Afric a. G ENUS : BETULAMYS ENUS : B
B. caucascideus (russian caucascideus (russian birch mouse); Caucasian Mtns. B. milium (european milium (european round nest mouse); Europe. B. monticola (arctic monticola (arctic round r ound nest mouse); Scandinavia. B. ominosus (pebble ominosus (pebble bower mouse); Eurasia. B. opella (satin opella (satin round nest mouse); Great Brittan. B. saxosus (mountain saxosus (mountain round nest mouse); Af ro-european ro-european Mtns. B. taenia (tan taenia (tan round nest mouse); India to China. ENUS : U MBRACULUM G ENUS : U MBRACULUM
U. callidus (peruvia callidus (peruvian n umbrella rat); Peru to Chile. U. dumus (umbrella dumus (umbrella bower rat); Amazonia. U. fornix (southern fornix (southern umbrella rat); Chile to Argentina. U. hama (fig hama (fig rat); Amazonia. U. pernix (golden pernix (golden umbrella rat); Amazonia. Amazonia. U. prora (salt prora (salt and pepper umbrella rat); Amazonia. Amazonia. U. societas (social societas (social umbrella rat); Amazonia. Amazonia. U. veneror (northern veneror (northern umbrella rat); Mexico to Amazonia. ENUS : N IDIMYS G ENUS : N IDIMYS
N. folisuosus (leaf folisuosus (leaf nest rat); southern USA. N. mitra (downy mitra (downy nest rat); San Diego Is. N. patera (family patera (family rat); USA. N. praesaepe (stick praesaepe (stick nest bower rat); USA to Canada. N. suo (striped suo (striped downy nest rat); southern USA. N. textor (architect textor (architect rat); San Diego Is.
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ODENTIA; Family: S CUIATOLIDAE CUIATOLIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: R ODENTIA
Time period: 15-60 million years y ears AM. ENUS : G ENUS : A ARETHUSA
A. minuata (shargaboo minuata (shargaboon); n); central Amazonia. Amazonia. G ENUS : V ERASCIURUS ENUS : V ERASCIURUS
V. depropero (piebald depropero (piebald tree shrew); East Indies. V. elegantia (elegant elegantia (elegant tree squirrel); Belize to Costa Rica. V. exilis (pine exilis (pine squirrel); northwestern USA. V. firmus (san firmus (san diego tree squirrel); San Diego Is. V. harundurus (bushy harundurus (bushy tailed tree squirrel); southeastern USA. V. tousenti (flickertail tousenti (flickertail squirrel); western USA. V. trichotis (ear trichotis (ear tassled squirrel); central USA. G ENUS : BUCINATOR ENUS : B
B. inflatus (puffmouse); inflatus (puffmouse); Costa Rica to Panama. G ENUS : P LUVIOSCIURUS ENUS : P LUVIOSCIURUS
P. iris (rainbow iris (rainbow squirrel); western USA. ENUS : P UDIBUNDUS G ENUS : P UDIBUNDUS
P. jurgiosa (antelope jurgiosa (antelope atanogon); Argentina to Chile. P. lepidus (slender lepidus (slender atanogon); southern Amazonia. Amazonia. P. ungulatus (thick ungulatus (thick nailed atanogon); central Argentina. P. verecundia (plains verecundia (plains atanogon); Peru to Bolivia. ENUS : M ULIER G ENUS : M ULIER
M. marsupialis (pouched marsupialis (pouched muller); northern San Diego Is. M. soricinus (shrew soricinus (shrew like muller); southern San Diego Is. G ENUS : S CUIATOLA ENUS : S CUIATOLA
S. centralis (tricolored centralis (tricolored tree squirrel); Central America. S. dux (glossy dux (glossy tree squirrel); southern USA. S. hircus (backstriped hircus (backstriped tree squirrel); squirr el); northwestern Amazonia. S. rubricunda (red rubricunda (red backed tree squirrel); northern Amazonia. Amazonia. S. rusticus (russet rusticus (russet tree tr ee squirrel); eastern Amazonia. ENUS : S AXOMYS G ENUS : S
S. gracilis (nipper); gracilis (nipper); Andes Mtns. G ENUS : LEIOSCIURUS ENUS : L
L. lis (smooth lis (smooth haired squirrel); Costa Rica to Panama. G ENUS : S OURIS ENUS : S OURIS
S. alienus (strange alienus (strange soris); San Diego Is. S. ecypta (cameo ecypta (cameo soris); northern USA. S. natalis (bog natalis (bog soris); southern San Diego Is. S. nudifrons (naked nudifrons (naked fronted soris); Alaska and northern Canada. ENUS : G OMMASCIURUS G ENUS : G OMMASCIURUS
G. volans (gum volans (gum squirrel); Belize to Guatemala. G ENUS : P ELOSO ENUS : P ELOSO
P. coursus (coronifu); coursus (coronifu); Chile to Argentina.
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G ENUS : OROMUS ENUS : O
O. celerosus (running celerosus (running chupaka); Andes Mtns. O. chinchillo c hinchillones nes (chinchilla (chinchilla chupaka); northern Andes Mtns. O. venustus (black venustus (black bellied chupaka); southern Andes Mtns. ENUS : R ICCIO G ENUS : R ICCIO
R. setops (southern setops (southern cactus squirrel); arid areas of South America. R. spinifer (northern spinifer (northern cactus squirrel); Arizona to western Louisiana. G ENUS : C RICETILLA ENUS : C RICETILLA
C. harenosus (mohair); harenosus (mohair); eastern USA. ENUS : C AECUS G ENUS : C
C. foderosus (blind foderosus (blind mohaer); southern Canada. Canada. G ENUS : A ARURAIUS ENUS :
A. makras (mabana makras (mabana); ); northern South America.
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YRACOIDEA; Family: H YRACORNIDAE YRACORNIDAE (Est. 2000) Order: H YRACOIDEA
Time period: 20-100 million years AM. ENUS : C APRIHYRAX G ENUS : C
C. aires ; Ural Mountains. C. dorsalis ; eastern Af ro-european ro-european Mountains, Af ghanistan area. C. gazella ; central Europe, Eur ope, Balkan Mountains. Mountains. C. ontotera ; Af ro-european ro-european Mountains. C. quadriceros ; central Siberia. C. rubrifrons ; Central African Rainforests. C. striata ; northern Africa, southern Afro-european Mountains. G ENUS : C IRROCEROS ENUS : C IRROCEROS
C. bidactyla ; western Europe, into British Isles. C. creocopa ; southwestern Europe, into Afro-european Afro-european Mountains. C. europaeus ; throughout Europe. G ENUS : P ENUS : P ACHYRHINUS
P. megalodon ; Virunga Mountains. P. nasutus ; Central African Rainforests. G ENUS : H YRACORNIS ENUS : H YRACORNIS
H. biceros ; GBM, into New Guinea. H. hyracinus ; New Guinea, into int o northeastern Australia. ENUS : C EROCAVIA G ENUS : C EROCAVIA
C. dromeas ; India to China. C. muriculus ; northern GBM, China. G ENUS : P EDOHYRAX ENUS : P EDOHYRAX
P. bouno ; Mongolia.
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ODENTIA; Family: P ARADISAEIDAE ARADISAEIDAE (Est. 1995) Order: R ODENTIA
Time period: 40-60 million years y ears AM. ENUS : P ARADISAEUS G ENUS : P
P. auriclunis (gold auriclunis (gold backed cheviot); Northern Territories. P. cogitatio (many cogitatio (many colored cheviot); cheviot); Queensland and NSW . P. paradeisus (paradise paradeisus (paradise cheviot); cheviot); southern s outhern GBM. P. splendidul s plendidulus us (splendid (splendid cheviot); Queensland. G ENUS : P TUCHESCIURUS ENUS : P TUCHESCIURUS
P. refluere (rifle refluere (rifle shiva); GBM. P. strepito (red strepito (red gullet shiva); GBM. G ENUS : L AIMOSCIURUS ENUS : L
L. cristatus (crested cristatus (crested kami); Indochina. L. infusco (malay infusco (malaysian sian kami); China, northern GBM. L. loreus (lorea loreus (lorea kami); southern India. L. lunae (moon lunae (moon kami); Indochina. L. opiparus (elegant opiparus (elegant kami); Indochina. ENUS : O G ENUS : OCELLOPLUMUS
S. eruthraino (occelated eruthraino (occelated latadun); northern India, and Nepal. G ENUS : U ROGLENTZES ENUS : U ROGLENTZES
U. europaeus (common europaeus (common musu); eastern Europe. U. gualisterus (beech gualisterus (beech musu); central Europe. U. longicaudis (long longicaudis (long tailed musu); USSR. U. rubrigaster (red rubrigaster (red bellied musu); India. U. sousourada (sunset sousourada (sunset musu); Nepal. U. striacaudis (stripe striacaudis (stripe tailed musu); Indochina. U. uperochus (star uperochus (star musu); USSR. G ENUS : P ENUS : P ARAXENUS
P. edonicus (mountain edonicus (mountain dungaree); Afro-european Mtns. P. monachus (monarch monachus (monarch dungaree); USSR. P. thorubodes (blue thorubodes (blue eyed dungaree); Europe. G ENUS : C ENUS : C ACARISA
C. soeros (chevron soeros (chevron kakari); kakari); Afro-european Afro-european Mtns. Mtns . C. zoario (peacock zoario (peacock kakari); kakari); Afro-european Mtns. G ENUS : L AMPORIZA ENUS : L
L. ephippio (saddle ephippio (saddle back muscra); central African rainforests. L. fulgidus (yellow fulgidus (yellow and black muscra); central African rainforests. L. ignis (firey ignis (firey muscra); central African rainforests. L. luminosus (red luminosus (red and black muscra); central African rainforests. L. veruina (dart veruina (dart muscra); central African rainforests. G ENUS : LIMARO ENUS : L
L. delenimentum (charming delenimentum (charming paradise squirrel); central and southern Africa. L. olivifer (olive olivifer (olive backed backed paradise squirrel); southern Africa. L. proletarius (banded proletarius (banded paradise squirrel); Africa, south of Sahara. L. pyrrolophus (red pyrrolophus (red crested paradise squirrel); central African rainforests.
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ODENTIA; Family: T ENDESCIURIDAE ENDESCIURIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: R ODENTIA
Time period: 30-80 million years y ears AM. Separated into 3 sub-families: Tendesciruinae Tenebra Tendesciurus
Scandemyinae Musouia Humisciurus Scandemys Nixocricetus Ophiuchus Sciuritenes Luteomys Calolamprus Xerosciurus Glirosciurus Hamadis Solapprecor Bestiola Astrophus
Petaurellinae Volanaeus Veruina Petaurella
ENUS : M USOUIA G ENUS : M USOUIA
M. denotata (evasive denotata (evasive musu); Peruvian Amazon. M. hypoleuca (pied hypoleuca (pied musu); Amazonia. Amazonia. M. indigo (indigo indigo (indigo musu); east coastal Amazonia. M. signata (comma signata (comma musu); upper Amazonia. M. subsolanus (golden subsolanus (golden backed musu); central Amazonia. G ENUS : T ENEBRA ENUS : T ENEBRA
T. vermiforma (chiselhead); vermiforma (chiselhead); northern San Diego Is. G ENUS : T ENDESCIURUS ENUS : T ENDESCIURUS
T. rufus (brown rufus (brown chirit); western USA. T. variegatus (varie variegatus (variegated gated chirit); eastern USA. G ENUS : H UMISCIURUS ENUS : H UMISCIURUS
H. balanidi ; northern USA and Canada. Canada. H. echinotus (spiny echinotus (spiny squirrel); USA. H. jacksoni (jackson’s spiny squirrel); eastern USA. H. spinocaudatus (spiny spinocaudatus (spiny tailed squirrel); western USA. H. superbus (eye superbus (eye spot spiny squirrel); southern Mexico. G ENUS : S CANDEMYS ENUS : S CANDEMYS
S. arborealis (fir arborealis (fir trevel); western USA. S. auricephalus (golden auricephalus (golden headed treve trevel); l); Hispanolian Is. S. californicus (san californicus (san diego trevel); San Diego Is. S. gigas (giant gigas (giant hispanolian trevel); Hispanolian Is. S. longicaudatus (common longicaudatus (common trevel); eastern USA. S. maculosus (freckled maculosus (freckled trevel); Central America, southern s outhern Mexico. S. nordstromi (nordstrom’s trevel); Amazonia. S. rubrigulus (ruby rubrigulus (ruby throated trevel); southeastern USA. G ENUS : V OLANAEUS ENUS : V OLANAEUS
V. involatus (asian involatus (asian flying squirrel); southeast Asia. G ENUS : V ERUINA ENUS : V ERUINA
V. audax (cliff audax (cliff simurgh); GBM range. V. cicada (cicada cicada (cicada simurgh); western China to USSR. V. clymenus (speckled clymenus (speckled simurgh); northern GBM. V. crinita (three crinita (three lined simurgh); eastern China.
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V. dromas (crowned dromas (crowned simurgh); eastern India to t o southwestern China. V. fluitares (large fluitares (large gliding simurgh); southern India. V. scopus (target scopus (target simurgh); central China. G ENUS : P ETAURELLA ENUS : P ETAURELLA
P. vesicostomas (indian vesicostomas (indian flying squirrel); thoughout India. G ENUS : N IXOCRICETUS ENUS : N IXOCRICETUS
N. lemmomorpha (meaching); lemmomorpha (meaching); northern Europe Eur ope and Scandinavia. G ENUS : OPHIUCHUS ENUS : O
sub-genus: Ophiuchus O. insulatus (terratail); insulatus (terratail); Pecaus Is. sub-genus: Anguimyscus O. australiensis ; east coastal Australia. G ENUS : S CURITENES ENUS : S CURITENES
S. communatus (cavity communatus (cavity nest suslik); San Diego Is. S. geomyscus (short geomyscus (short tailed suslik); San Diego Is. S. marmoreus (cloaked marmoreus (cloaked ground squirrel); southern San Diego Is. S. mesomyscus (bicolored mesomyscus (bicolored ground squirrel); western USA. S. ornatonotus (banded ornatonotus (banded backed ground squirrel); San Diego Is. S. sylvia (forest sylvia (forest ground squirrel); central and southern San Diego Is. ENUS : L G ENUS : LUTEOMYS
L. concors (barrier concors (barrier mtns. meik); GBM. L. decus (colored decus (colored meik); southern China, northern GBM. L. fulvus (golden fulvus (golden meik); China to India. L. margarita (white margarita (white footed meik); India. L. tacitus (dark tacitus (dark backed meik); USSR. G ENUS : C ENUS : C ALOLAMPRUS
C. castanea (white castanea (white sided zeon); Asia, USSR. C. cynomimus (brown cynomimus (brown headed zeon); GBM range. C. fulvicaudatus (orange fulvicaudatus (orange tailed zeon); east coastal Australia. Austr alia. C. mackinlayi (mackinlay’s zeon); China and India. C. oliveri (many-colo oliveri (many-colored red zeon); northern GBM. C. tricolor (three tricolor (three colored zeon); China, Korea and Japan. G ENUS : X X EROSCIURUS ENUS : EROSCIURUS
X. arcticus (polar arcticus (polar squirrel); Alaska and Canada. X. arenosus (sand arenosus (sand squirrel); Asia and Mongolia. X. carbunculus (dusky carbunculus (dusky ground squirrel); northern Canada and Alaska. X. coccum (stripe coccum (stripe tailed squirrel); southern USA. X. crepitus ; eastern USA. X. nebulosa (little nebulosa (little ground squirrel); southeastern USA. X. ornatus (elegant ornatus (elegant ground squirrel); western USA. X. pennatus (pen pennatus (pen tailed ground squirrel); western and central USA. X. saxosus (red saxosus (red rock squirrel); northwestern USA, parts of southern Canada. X. spermophiloide s permophiloides s (basic (basic ground squirrel); San Diego Is. X. vittanotus (striped vittanotus (striped squirrel); China, Korea, northern GBM. G ENUS : G LIROSCIURUS ENUS : G LIROSCIURUS
G. adepisoma (fat adepisoma (fat tree squirrel); northern Africa. G. crassimys (plains crassimys (plains fat squirrel); Africa, south of Sahara. G ENUS : H ENUS : H AMADIS
H. bennisoni (bennison’s sytadon); west -central African rainforests. H. fletum (frilled fletum (frilled sytadon); central Lemuria. H. fremitus (rat fremitus (rat tailed sytadon s ytadon); ); northern Lemuria.
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H. funambulus (common funambulus (common tree squirrel); southern s outhern Lemuria. H. gemmeus (jewele gemmeus (jeweled d tree squirrel); central Lemuria. H. gracilitas (slender gracilitas (slender tree squirrel); Virunga Volcanoes. H. humilis (blotched humilis (blotched sytadon); central African rainforests. H. iactis (jumping iactis (jumping sytadon); central African rainforests. H. rideosum (barbary rideosum (barbary sytadon); sytadon); Africa, Af rica, south of Sahara. H. sufflavus (buffy sufflavus (buffy tree squirrel); central and southern Africa. H. supercilliu superc illium m (stripe (stripe faced squirrel); southern Africa. H. taciturnus ; throughout Lemuria. H. torulus ; throughout Lemuria. H. uvidulus (barking uvidulus (barking tree squirrel); central Lemuria. G ENUS : S OLAPPRECOR ENUS : S OLAPPRECOR
S. bucco (pouched bucco (pouched ground squirrel); west central Africa. S. crepidula (sunset crepidula (sunset crested ground squirrel); western Africa. S. crinalis (broken crinalis (broken lined ground squirrel); central Africa. S. dorsalis (light dorsalis (light backed ground squirrel); central and southern Africa. S. effodio (cape effodio (cape ground squirrel); South African province. S. effutio (sooty effutio (sooty ground squirrel); South African province. S. virgatonotus (black virgatonotus (black and white striped ground squirrel); central Africa. G ENUS : BESTIOLA ENUS : B
B. aritulus (mountain aritulus (mountain pygmy squirrel); Afro-european Mtns. B. perblandus (unadorne perblandus (unadorned d pygmy squirrel); Afro-european Afro-european Mtns. Mtns . G ENUS : A ASTROPHUS ENUS :
A. astrophus (star-fronted astrophus (star-fronted squirrel); central Lemuria. A. crocum (saffron-bellied crocum (saffron-bellied squirrel); central and southern Lemuria. A. exploitus (glossy exploitus (glossy squirrel); central Lemuria. A. offucia (ribbon offucia (ribbon squirrel); central Lemuria. A. tragula (dart tragula (dart squirrel); central Lemuria.
107
ODENTIA; Family: P ARVITAURIDAE ARVITAURIDAE (Est. 2002) Order: R ODENTIA
Time period: 80-100 million years AM. ENUS : P ARVITAURUS G ENUS : P
P. velafera (common velafera (common scurrier); southern USA and Mexico. G ENUS : C ERATOSCIURUS ENUS : C ERATOSCIURUS
C. acrimonia (straight acrimonia (straight horned scurrier); western USA. C. ignipes (red ignipes (red footed scurrier); Yucatan Penninsula. C. machaerophorus (great machaerophorus (great horned scurrier); Mexico. C. permixtio (strange permixtio (strange scurrier); San Diego Is. C. suffodio (antilopine suffodio (antilopine scurrier); central USA. C. venustas (silky venustas (silky scurrier); southwestern USA. ENUS : T AUROMYS G ENUS : T
T. defodio (rusty defodio (rusty tree scurrier); Central America. T. gibber (jungle gibber (jungle scurrier); southern Mexico. T. glaucus (gray glaucus (gray spotted scurrier); southern Central America, northern Amazonia. G ENUS : ONYCHOTRAGUS ENUS : O
O. aclys (greater aclys (greater scurrier); southern Chile. O. croceus (giant croceus (giant scurrier); Chile and Argentina. O. properus (giant properus (giant forest scurrier); Peru to Chile.
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RELATEBRATA; Family: AQUATRAGULIDAE (Est. 2002) Order: T RELATEBRATA
Time period: 70-100 million years AM. ENUS : G ENUS : A AQUATRAGULUS
A. balneum (spotted balneum (spotted lily-hoppe l ily-hopper); r); Amazonia. Amazonia. A. saltatrix (little saltatrix (little lily-hopper); Amazonia. G ENUS : LEVITRAGUS ENUS : L
L. attenuo ; Amazonia. L. cithara ; Amazonia. G ENUS : H IPPRYMNUS ENUS : H IPPRYMNUS
H. archus (orinoco archus (orinoco lily-hopper); Orinoco River. H. buccella (peruvian buccella (peruvian lily-hopper); Peru. H. danieli ; Amazonia. H. dromeus ; Central America and Mexico. G ENUS : LIMNOCHOREUTES ENUS : L
L. bucerius (chattering bucerius (chattering lily-hopper); Argentina. G ENUS : G ENUS : G ANTROCEROS
G. breviceros ; extreme southeastern USA, including neighboring islands. G. grassator ; southeastern USA. G. impiger ; west-central USA. G. machaera ; San Diego Is. G. madeo ; southern USA. G. mugitor ; central USA. G. scintillul s cintillula a ; northwestern USA. G. woldei ; southwestern USA. G ENUS : LIMOSUS ENUS : L
L. satyriscus (greater satyriscus (greater lily-hopper); lily-hopper); San Diego D iego Is.
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ODENTIA; Family: P SEUDOMYIDAE SEUDOMYIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: R ODENTIA
Time period: 5-100 million years AM. Separated into 12 sub-families: Pachycephalomyscinae Pachycephalomyscus
Anatomyinae Anatomys
Acanthasominae Acanthasoma Scanzochirus
Remigeromurinae Remigeromus
Cunelimyinae Cunelimys Dromeathera Anapedomys Myounguis Calpasousamys Gomphodus Gregoromias
Ceratomyinae Chauliodontomys Ceratomys Megaloceromys Uniceromys
Cranomyinae Hippicodas Hemilophus Lophiothrix Cranomys
Pseudomyinae Ponticus Nuchimys Prodotes Pseudomys Gygomys Leggadinia Telmamys Nycteridomys Gatamyia Pygmaemus Matuta Sorciomys Policomys Taiuia Rostriomyscus Callomys Otosorex Caprisoma Lipomys Limadoros Muscimyops
Dendrodillinae Maimomys Muroxus Tonomyias Dendrodillus Sciouros Malliaromys Xulomys Agriomys Aeroporos Cremasmomys Blagdenius Phasariurus Labiomys Sylvimus Lochmeomys Pterocercus Counabius
Dipodopsinae Macrodipus Elitenos Dipodops
Tromerodontinae Messisomys Arpacticomus Alethinosuncus Pediomys Semanticomys Tromerodon
Potamozoicinae Potamozoicus Thetomys Ugromyops Neromyops Psariomys Aequormias
ENUS : P RODOTES G ENUS : P RODOTES
sub-genus: Tructico P. alacer (arid alacer (arid rat); northern Africa and southern Eurasia. P. cervicolor (fawn cervicolor (fawn rat); Africa, south of Sahara. P. europaeus (european europaeus (european rat); Europe. P. loca (jungle loca (jungle rat); central African rainforests. P. montanus (foothill montanus (foothill rat); Afro-european Mtns. sub-genus: Prodotes P. ager (field ager (field rat); central USA. P. occidentalis (isle occidentalis (isle rat); Great Brittan, parts of western Europe. P. prosarmosticoteta (common prosarmosticoteta (common brush rat); Eurasia to USA. P. simularis (basic simularis (basic rat); USA to northern Mexico. G ENUS : P SEUDOMYS ENUS : P SEUDOMYS
P. australis (victorian australis (victorian native mouse); Victoria. P. formosus (pretty formosus (pretty mouse); east coastal Australia. P. griseus (grizzly griseus (grizzly mouse); Queensland and NSW. P. meridionalis (stick s (stick nest mouse); Queensland and Northern Territories. P. nudicaudatus (naked nudicaudatus (naked tailed mouse); Victroia to southern Western Australia. P. soricinus (desert soricinus (desert mouse); Western Australia. P. tasmanus (tasmanian tasmanus (tasmanian mouse); Tasmania. T asmania. G ENUS : P ONTICUS ENUS : P ONTICUS
P. cervinus (jibbewink); cervinus (jibbewink); New Guinea.
110
G ENUS : C UNELIMYS ENUS : C UNELIMYS
C. articaudatus (rufus articaudatus (rufus arunga); Chile to Argentina. C. cuniculus (amazon cuniculus (amazon arunga); Amazonia. C. gordoni (gordon’s arunga); Uruguay to Argentina. C. megalotis (rabbuck megalotis (rabbuck arunga); Costa Rica to Peru. C. tricolor (tricolored tricolor (tricolored arunga); Peru to Chile. G ENUS : N UCHIMYS ENUS : N UCHIMYS
N. acuonyx (nainsook); acuonyx (nainsook); Central America. ENUS : S CIOUROMYS G ENUS : S CIOUROMYS
S. multicoloratus (many multicoloratus (many colored frigadon); southern San Diego Is. S. variegatus (variega variegatus (variegated ted frigadon); San Diego Is. G ENUS : U GROMYOPS ENUS : U GROMYOPS
U. phocella (seal phocella (seal rat); Madagascar. Madagascar. ENUS : D IPODOPS G ENUS : D IPODOPS
D. brevisoma (round brevisoma (round hopping rat); Madagascar. Madagascar. D. gratiosa (pale gratiosa (pale hopping rat); southern Madagascar. G ENUS : E LITENOS ENUS : E LITENOS
E. diurnis ; central Madagascar. Madagascar. ENUS : G REGOROMIAS G ENUS : G REGOROMIAS
G. ungulatus ; Africa, south of Sahara. G ENUS : T ELMAMYS ENUS : T ELMAMYS
sub-genus: Dolonectes T. albiventer (white albiventer (white vented wadagu); Hispanolian Is. T. crassiurus (fat crassiurus (fat tailed wadagu); south central and western USA. T. ichthyopodus (flippered ichthyopodus (flippered wada wadagu); gu); Amazonia. Amazonia. T. mexicana (mexican mexicana (mexican wadagu); wadagu); Mexico, southern USA. sub-genus: Telmamys T. saltans (estruary saltans (estruary wadagu); upper Amazonia. Amazonia. T. soricinus (slender soricinus (slender tailed wadagu); Central America. T. squamicaudatus (scaly squamicaudatus (scaly tailed wadagu); southeastern USA. G ENUS : P OTAMOZOICUS ENUS : P OTAMOZOICUS
P. piscivora (amazo piscivora (amazon n fishing fi shing rat); Amazonia. Amazonia. G ENUS : D ROMEATHERA ENUS : D ROMEATHERA
D. elegans (deer elegans (deer rat); South America, excluding Amazonia. G ENUS : A ANAPEDOMYS ENUS :
A. gazella (pengra); gazella (pengra); Africa, south of Sahara. ENUS : G ENUS : A ARPACTICOMUS
A. viverrinus (teradon); viverrinus (teradon); Lemuria. G ENUS : S EMANTICOMYS ENUS : S EMANTICOMYS
S. cynoides (dog cynoides (dog like myak); South African Afri can province. S. regus (royal regus (royal myak); central African rainforests. S. rudo (roaring rudo (roaring myak); Africa, south of Sahara. G ENUS : T ROMERODON ENUS : T ROMERODON
T. magnus (greater magnus (greater hill myak); Afro-european Mtns.
111
G ENUS : D ENDRODILLUS ENUS : D ENDRODILLUS
D. saltans (prehensile saltans (prehensile tailed forest rat); central Europe and USSR. G ENUS : LEGGADINA ENUS : L
L. hirsutus (shaggy hirsutus (shaggy gadin); throughout Australia. L. plousa (florentine plousa (florentine gadin); NSW and Queensland. G ENUS : G YOMYS ENUS : G YOMYS
sub-genus: Thylacamys G. brevicaudatus (short brevicaudatus (short tailed pocket mouse); South Australia. G. cristicephalus (crested cristicephalus (crested pocket mouse); Queensland Q ueensland.. G. grypus (grizzled grypus (grizzled pocket mouse); Western Australia. G. pinguicaudatus (fat pinguicaudatus (fat tailed pocket mouse); Western Australia. G. pipilo (little pipilo (little pocket mouse); New Guinea, possibly Queensland. sub-genus: Gyomys G. myauris (dry myauris (dry mouse); Western Australia. G. typicalis (spinifex typicalis (spinifex mouse); east coastal Australia. G ENUS : T HETOMYS ENUS : T HETOMYS
T. egeotis (lesser egeotis (lesser indian xeal); northern Indian Oc ean areas. areas. G ENUS : A AEROPOROS ENUS :
A. pteromus (glider pteromus (glider mouse); India to China. G ENUS : A ANADEUTEROPODA ENUS :
A. aquaticus (ganges aquaticus (ganges xeal); Ganges River. G ENUS : R EMIGEROMUS ENUS : R EMIGEROMUS
R. cygnus (atlantic cygnus (atlantic xeal); throughout Atlantic Ocean. ENUS : N YCTERIDOMYS G ENUS : N YCTERIDOMYS
N. onychus (sickle onychus (sickle clawed bat eating rat); Amazonia. Amazonia. N. pavor (giant pavor (giant bird rat); Amazonia. N. sublimus (central sublimus (central american bird rat); Central America. ENUS : T ONOMYIAS G ENUS : T ONOMYIAS
T. apicalis (speckled apicalis (speckled aphadilly); Central America. T. daphne (nectar daphne (nectar aphadilly); upper Amazonia. Amazonia. T. guianae (guiana guianae (guiana aphadilly); upper Amazonia. T. humulis (brush humulis (brush tipped aphadilly); aphadilly); Central America. T. pyrrhomys (reddish pyrrhomys (reddish aphadilly); Central America and southern Mexico. T. quadricolor (four quadricolor (four colored aphadilly); Amazonia. Amazonia. G ENUS : G ENUS : G ATAMIYA
G. aberro (gata); aberro (gata); China and India. ENUS : H IPPICODAS G ENUS : H IPPICODAS
H. abrosum (dzungarian abrosum (dzungarian horse tailed rat); southern Europe. H. chrysomelas (gold chrysomelas (gold and black horse tailed rat); Asia, USSR, western China. H. hispidus (hispid hispidus (hispid horse tailed t ailed rat); Scandinavia. H. sciurinus (squirrel sciurinus (squirrel like rat); Europe, USSR. ENUS : B G ENUS : BLAGDENIUS
B. aenea (bronze aenea (bronze mouse); southern Europe. B. chrysogaster (gold chrysogaster (gold bellied mouse); central African rainforests. B. maculicauda (ringtailed maculicauda (ringtailed mouse); southern Europe. B. melanosternon (black melanosternon (black shouldered tree mouse); central African rainforests. B. mellivora (honey mellivora (honey mouse); mouse); India to China. B. mikongae (mikong’s mouse); Afro-european -european Mtns. Mtns .
112
G ENUS : P HASARIURUS ENUS : P HASARIURUS
P. splendens (racquet splendens (racquet tailed gliding rat); southern India. G ENUS : M ENUS : M ATUTA
M. eva (vesper eva (vesper rat); Sahara region. M. fumeus (dusky fumeus (dusky matu); central African rainforests. M. glareolus (dawn glareolus (dawn matu); Sahara region. M. mystacalis (mystical mystacalis (mystical matu); east Africa. M. typus (common typus (common matu); northern Africa. ENUS : P YGMAEMUS G ENUS : P YGMAEMUS
P. lemuriae (lemurian lemuriae (lemurian pygmy mouse); Lemuria. P. tenuis (african tenuis (african spiny pygmy mouse); South Af rican province. G ENUS : P OLICOMYS ENUS : P OLICOMYS
P. cloacarius (scavenge cloacarius (scavengerr rat); Antarctica and nearby Is. P. diplothrix (thick diplothrix (thick furred polar rat); Antarctica. P. georgianus (south georgianus (south georgian rat); South Georgia Is. P. hibernicus (antarctic hibernicus (antarctic cavern rat); Antarctica. P. petra (antarctic petra (antarctic rock rat); Antarctica. P. scurra (ross scurra (ross rat); Antarctica and nearby Is. ENUS : M YOUNGUIS G ENUS : M YOUNGUIS
M. clavifer (claw clavifer (claw thumbed rat); China, parts of Asia and India. G ENUS : C HAULIODONTOMYS ENUS : C HAULIODONTOMYS
C. pileata (tusked pileata (tusked rat); China to Canada. ENUS : C ERATOMYS G ENUS : C ERATOMYS
C. acuceros (thin acuceros (thin horned rat); Hispanolian Is. C. cervinus ; Hispanolian Is. C. charitomenus (central charitomenus (central horned rat); Costa Rica to Panama. C. laniger (woolly laniger (woolly horned horned rat); southeastern USA. ENUS : M EGALOCEROMYS G ENUS : M EGALOCEROMYS
M. myocollis (big myocollis (big horned rat); San Diego Is. G ENUS : U NICEROMYS ENUS : U NICEROMYS
U. spinodorsis (one spinodorsis (one horned rat); San Diego Is. ENUS : S ORCIOMYS G ENUS : S ORCIOMYS
S. campnelli ; eastern USA. S. subterraneus (bikalik); subterraneus (bikalik); central and western USA. G ENUS : M ENUS : M ACRODIPUS
M. bipodops (dilsie); bipodops (dilsie); India. M. chinchilla (chinchilla chinchilla (chinchilla dilsie); China and Korea. M. fruticosus (begalese fruticosus (begalese dilsie); India. M. macropodops (sandy macropodops (sandy dilsie); Inner Mongolia. M. montanosus (himalaya montanosus (himalayan n dilsie); Himalayan Himalayan Mtns. M. sciuricaudatus (squirrel sciuricaudatus (squirrel tailed dilsie); southern India. ENUS : N EROMYOPS G ENUS : N EROMYOPS
N. barbosus (african barbosus (african barbed river rat); Africa, south of Sahara. N. lemuriensis (lemurian lemuriensis (lemurian river rat); Lemuria. G ENUS : P SARIOMYS ENUS : P SARIOMYS
P. acudens (many acudens (many toothed fisher rat); Lemuria.
113
G ENUS : A AGRIOMYS ENUS :
A. dendrus (pouncing dendrus (pouncing tree rat); central USSR. G ENUS : M ENUS : M AIMOMYS
M. nocturnis (night nocturnis (night monkey rat); Madagascar. Madagascar. M. occulosus (large occulosus (large eyed monkey rat); southern Lemuria. M. salio (jungle salio (jungle monkey rat); central Lemuria. G ENUS : C REMASMOMYS ENUS : C REMASMOMYS
C. azuripes (blue azuripes (blue footed hanging rat); central and southern Batavia. C. calurus (bushy calurus (bushy tailed hanging rat); Papua, New Guinea. C. cheirizomai (common cheirizomai (common hanging rat); Amazonia. Amazonia. C. elia (olive elia (olive backed hanging rat); Batavia. C. kaki (khaki kaki (khaki rat); southern Batavian Is. C. murphyi (murphy murphyi (murphy’s hanging rat); Central America. C. nanus (pygmy nanus (pygmy hanging rat); Queensland, Northern Territories. C. ochrigulus (orange ochrigulus (orange throated hanging rat); Amazonia. C. oculus (golden oculus (golden eyed eyed hanging rat); New Guinea to Queensland. Q ueensland. C. opaligens (opal-crowne opaligens (opal-crowned d hanging rat); central Amazonia. C. stereopus (long stereopus (long toed hanging rat); eastern and southern GBM. ENUS : ULOMYS G ENUS : X X ULOMYS
X. propithecinus (indian propithecinus (indian monkey rat); southern and central India. G ENUS : M ENUS : M ALLIAROMYS
M. bicolor (gray bicolor (gray and white climbing rat); GBM. M. fuscata (rusty fuscata (rusty climbing rat); forests of GBM. M. longicaudatus (long longicaudatus (long tailed climbing rat); southern China. M. obscurus (obscure obscurus (obscure climbing rat); New Guinea. M. sciurinus (feather sciurinus (feather tipped climbing rat); central India. ENUS : M UROXUS G ENUS : M UROXUS
M. ignavus (fat ignavus (fat tailed t ailed dormouse); central Europe. M. macer (tranquil macer (tranquil dormouse); Great Brittan. M. pennantus (pen pennantus (pen tailed dormouse); USSR. G ENUS : A ANATOMYS ENUS :
A. platyrostris (duckbilled platyrostris (duckbilled rat); central USA, possibly as far south as Peru. G ENUS : R OSTRIOMYSCUS ENUS : R OSTRIOMYSCUS
R. argenteus (silvery argenteus (silvery long nosed rat); western Asia. R. minutus (lesser minutus (lesser long nosed rat); Mongolia. Mongolia. G ENUS : A ACANTHOSOMA ENUS :
A. maculas (spotted maculas (spotted spiny rat); central China. A. melospinus (dark melospinus (dark spined rat); northern GBM. A. singularis (unsocial singularis (unsocial spiny rat); southern China. A. vulnificus (double vulnificus (double spotted spined rat); USSR to western China. ENUS : S CANZOCHIRUS G ENUS : S CANZOCHIRUS
S. echinatus (porcupine echinatus (porcupine rat); Europe, Great Brittan, parts of USSR. G ENUS : T ENUS : T AIUIA
T. comoroensis (comoros comoroensis (comoros ribbon rat); Comoros Is. T. coronatus (crowned coronatus (crowned ribbon rat); northern Madagascar. T. fasciatus (superb fasciatus (superb ribbon rat); central Madagascar. T. muriculus (mouse muriculus (mouse colored ribbon rat); east central c entral Madagascar. Madagascar.
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G ENUS : C ENUS : C ALLOMYS
C. adamas (diamond adamas (diamond rat); central African rainforests. C. formosa (formosan formosa (formosan rat); southern Africa. C. furcifer (3-striped furcifer (3-striped rat); South African province. C. fuscidorsum (rufus fuscidorsum (rufus backed rat); northeastern Lemuria. C. insulatus (island insulatus (island brilliant rat); northern Comoro Is. C. keithi (keith’s brilliant rat); Virunga Volcanoes. C. nigriventer (black nigriventer (black bellied rat); northwestern Lemuria. C. pumilio (little pumilio (little brilliant rat); southernmost Lemuria. C. roseonotus (rose roseonotus (rose backed rat); Liberia to Sierra Leone. C. rubricaudatus (red rubricaudatus (red tailed rat); central Lemuria. G ENUS : M USCIMYOPS ENUS : M USCIMYOPS
M. albus (kodiak albus (kodiak rat); western Alaskan Penninsula. M. muricolor (dull muricolor (dull tundra rat); northern USA, southern Canada. M. murinus (rock murinus (rock rat); Alaska and Canada. Canada. M. septentriones (arctic septentriones (arctic rock rat); northern Alaska. G ENUS : A ALETHINOSUNCUS ENUS :
A. canadiensis (canadian canadiensis (canadian aterigon); Canada. A. floridanus (florida floridanus (florida aterigon); southeastern USA. A. magnus (greater magnus (greater aterigon); western USA. A. multidon (groov multidon (groove e toothed aterigon); central USA. U SA. A. orientalis (gray orientalis (gray aterigon); eastern USA. A. pilosus (prairie pilosus (prairie aterigon); central USA. G ENUS : OTOSOREX ENUS : O
O. oromus (large oromus (large eared eared mountain rat); Andes Mtns. G ENUS : C ENUS : C ALPASOUSAMYS
C. aridus (desert aridus (desert galloping rat); central c entral Mexico. C. caballus (horse caballus (horse footed galloping rat); Central America. C. celerus (central celerus (central american galloping rat); Belize to Guatemala. C. mexicanus (common mexicanus (common southern galloping rat); Mexico. ENUS : G ENUS : A AEQUORMIAS
A. thalassus (pacific thalassus (pacific xeal); Pacific Ocean. G ENUS : L ABIOMYS ENUS : L
L. petaurus (fliskadee); petaurus (fliskadee); Central America. G ENUS : S YLVIMUS ENUS : S YLVIMUS
S. californicus (san californicus (san diego forest rat); San Diego Is. ENUS : M ESSISOMYS G ENUS : M ESSISOMYS
M. ager (lupine ager (lupine rat); USSR and eastern Europe. M. luteopsis (golden luteopsis (golden lupine rat); USSR. M. mica (lupine mica (lupine rat); central Asia. M. sinensis (chinese sinensis (chinese lupine rat); estern and central China. M. venia (american venia (american lupine rat); central USA. G ENUS : P EDIOMYS ENUS : P EDIOMYS
P. vulgaris (eurasian vulgaris (eurasian hunting rat); Europe, USSR, to China, into parts of Canada. G ENUS : H EMILOPHUS ENUS : H EMILOPHUS
H. bicolor (pinto bicolor (pinto crested rat); northern India and southern China. H. collaris (collared collaris (collared rat); northern India to Nepal. H. indica (tropical indica (tropical crested rat); central and southern India.
115
G ENUS : LOCHMEOMYS ENUS : L
L. domestica (bushy domestica (bushy tailed tree rat); China and Korea. G ENUS : G OUROMYS ENUS : G OUROMYS
G. antilope (light antilope (light backed galloping rat); San Diego Is. G. curros (springing curros (springing rat); San Diego Is. G ENUS : LOPHIOTHRIX ENUS : L
L. leucas (white leucas (white mitra); east coastal Amazonia. Amazonia. L. mitra (common mitra (common mitra); northern South America, including Amazonia. L. munditia (yucatan munditia (yucatan mitra); Yucatan Penninsula. L. nudipes (naked nudipes (naked footed mitra); Amazonia. Amazonia. L. ornatus (marbled ornatus (marbled mitra); Central America. G ENUS : C RANOMYS ENUS : C RANOMYS
C. bellessa (central bellessa (central american color crested rat); Central America. ENUS : C OUNABIUS G ENUS : C OUNABIUS
C. albicaudatus (white albicaudatus (white tailed slinkadee); central and western USA. C. albus (northern albus (northern slinkadee sl inkadee); ); Canada. C. audacia (bold audacia (bold slinkadee); western USA and Canada. C. intercludo (san intercludo (san diego slinkadee); San Diego Is. C. lineatus (lined lineatus (lined slinkadee); eastern USA. C. maculatus (spotted maculatus (spotted slinkadee); central USA and Canada. C. sciurreus (squirrel sciurreus (squirrel slinkadee); southeastern USA. C. tropicalis (desert tropicalis (desert slinkadee); southeastern USA. ENUS : P TEROCERCUS G ENUS : P TEROCERCUS
P. elegans (feather elegans (feather tailed tree rat); Korea, parts of Japan. G ENUS : P ENUS : P ACHYCEPHALOMYSCUS
P. epipedocephala (flat epipedocephala (flat headed headed boro); Mexico, southern USA. P. peregrinus (horned peregrinus (horned boro); Central America. P. pselocremastra (high pselocremastra (high crested boro); Andes Mtns. P. sphenaceros (wedge sphenaceros (wedge crested boro); southern South America. P. tachysoma (slender tachysoma (slender boro); southern South America. P. tholocephalus (dome tholocephalus (dome headed boro); Peru to Chile. ENUS : G OMPHODUS G ENUS : G OMPHODUS
G. cuneatus ; eastern USA. G. glesum ; central USA. G. imperator ; southern USA, northern Mexico. G. loquax ; northwestern Mexico. ENUS : C APRISOMA G ENUS : C
C. satyra ; central African rainforests. G ENUS : LIMADOROS ENUS : L
L. lictor ; Papua, New Guinea. L. lophotes ; central GBM. L. tapera ; Western Australia. L. tortuosus ; NSW. L. xanthocephala ; east coastal Australia. G ENUS : LIPOMYS ENUS : L
L. psammosus (northern psammosus (northern sand mouse); Gobi Desert.
116
ODENTIA; Family: T ACHYMYIDAE ACHYMYIDAE (Est. 1995) Order: R ODENTIA
Time period: 30-60 million years y ears AM ENUS : P ETROBATES G ENUS : P ETROBATES
sub-genus: Petrobates P. apalus (yellow apalus (yellow tailed conora); Afro-europe Afr o-european an Mtns. P. asprus (cliff asprus (cliff hopping conora); Afro-european Mtns. P. axierastus (ochre axierastus (ochre backed conora); Afro-europe Afr o-european an Mtns. P. drasterius (atlas drasterius (atlas conora); northern Africa. sub-genus: Graphimeles P. eucinesia (grizzled eucinesia (grizzled conora); northern Africa, Afro-european Mtns. G ENUS : T ENUS : T ACHYMYS
T. chontrourus (lemurian chontrourus (lemurian disswok); Lemuria. T. psaromalles (african psaromalles (african disswok); central Africa.
ARSUPIALIA; Family: R ETEOSTIIDAE ETEOSTIIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: M ARSUPIALIA
Time period: 10-30 million years y ears AM G ENUS : R ETEOSTIUM ENUS : R ETEOSTIUM
R. cortepellium (marsupial cortepellium (marsupial sloth); Tasmania.
ARSUPIALIA; Family: P HALANGERIDAE HALANGERIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: M ARSUPIALIA
Time period: Age of Man to 60 million mill ion years AM. G ENUS : M YONURUS ENUS : M YONURUS
M. amabilis (marve amabilis (marvelous lous willinyx); NSW . M. bergi (berg’s willinyx); NSW to South Australia. M. brevicaudatus (short brevicaudatus (short tailed willinyx); New Guinea. M. maculatus (ornate maculatus (ornate willinyx); Northern Territories, Queensland. M. nudicaudatus (mouse nudicaudatus (mouse tailed willinyx); South Australia to Q ueensland. M. ornatus (victorian ornatus (victorian willinyx); Victoria. ENUS : P HASCOLOCROCUTA G ENUS : P HASCOLOCROCUTA
P. arborealis (eastern arborealis (eastern scavenging veal); veal); east coastal Australia. P. lupinus (western lupinus (western scavenging veal); veal); W estern Australia. G ENUS : E DAPHODELPHIS ENUS : E DAPHODELPHIS
E. cervinus (eastern cervinus (eastern plains possum); eastern Australia. E. grandis (great grandis (great plains possum); South Australia. E. megalotis (big megalotis (big eared plains possum); GBM. E. trichotis (hairy trichotis (hairy eared eared plains possum); eastern Australia. E. velox (plains velox (plains possum); Western Australia. ENUS : U ROKOALA G ENUS : U ROKOALA
U. guttata (western guttata (western mouse possum); Western Australia. U. laniger (woolly laniger (woolly mouse possum); New Guinea. U. vestbyi (eastern vestbyi (eastern mouse possum); eastern Australia. G ENUS : P HALANGER ENUS : P HALANGER
sub-genus: Phalanger P. conspiculosus (spectacled conspiculosus (spectacled curuscus); NSW and Victoria. P. lanisoma (woolly lanisoma (woolly curuscus); east coastal Australia. P. pretiosus (pretty pretiosus (pretty curuscus); NSW and Queensland. P. pulcher (colorful pulcher (colorful curuscus); NSW and Queensland.
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sub-genus: Otobelideus P. grandis (nude grandis (nude eared curuscus); Tasmania. G ENUS : M ETADELPHIS ENUS : M ETADELPHIS
M. novaeseelandae (new novaeseelandae (new zealand veal); New Zealand. M. woodsi (woods’ new zealand veal); New Zealand. G ENUS : S UGCLITES ENUS : S UGCLITES
S. castaneiventris (chestnut castaneiventris (chestnut bellied jungle veal); eastern Australia. S. diluta (diluted diluta (diluted jungle veal); Queensland and NSW. S. intermedia (common intermedia (common jungle veal); NSW. G ENUS : OLISTHETERUS ENUS : O
O. meles (black meles (black glider); eastern Australia. O. platycaudatus (flat platycaudatus (flat tailed glider); northern Western Australia. O. volans (western volans (western glider); Western Australia. G ENUS : T UPIBELIDEUS ENUS : T UPIBELIDEUS
T. adeps (fat adeps (fat veal); veal); Queensland. T. alopex (fox alopex (fox veal); Northern Territories, northern Western Australia. G ENUS : C OMPSOBELIDEUS ENUS : C OMPSOBELIDEUS
C. calurus (spot calurus (spot tailed veal); Victoria. C. farrissi (f farrissi (farriss’s lovely veal); southwestern Australia. C. myotis (mouse myotis (mouse eared lovely veal); NSW and Victoria. ENUS : M ELIBELIDEUS G ENUS : M ELIBELIDEUS
M. nectarubera (titabear, nectarubera (titabear, or honey ve veal); al); east coastal Aust Australia, ralia, including T asmania and New Guinea.
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ARSUPIALIA; Family: S EGNIDAE EGNIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: M ARSUPIALIA
Time period: 5-35 million years AM. ENUS : P ARADIDELPHIS G ENUS : P
P. nudicaudatus (naked nudicaudatus (naked tailed flicadee); central c entral Amazonia. P. trichotis (hairy trichotis (hairy eared flicadee); upper Amazonia. G ENUS : S EGNIS ENUS : S EGNIS
S. giganteus (giant giganteus (giant opossum); southeastern USA, East Indies. S. opossum (red opossum (red backed opossum); eastern USA. G ENUS : A ALOPECIUM ENUS :
A. megalotis (fox megalotis (fox opossum); Andes Mtns. G ENUS : S ENUS : S ALTADORAS
S. bellessa (beautiful bellessa (beautiful daiquiri); western USA. S. dius (mourning dius (mourning daiquiri); Yucatan Penninsula. S. personata (dark personata (dark fronted daiquiri); west central Amazonia. S. prehenderes (white prehenderes (white tipped daiquiri); northern Amazonia. Amazonia. S. prosimus (lemur prosimus (lemur daiquiri); southeastern USA, and East Indies. ENUS : B G ENUS : B ATHYZO
sub-genus: Bathyzo B. pinnodelphis pinnodelphis (banded (banded nixie); central Amazonia, south to Argentina. B. platycaudatus (oar platycaudatus (oar tailed nixie); Amazonian tributaries. sub-genus: Aquabates B. flumen (river flumen (river nixie); northern Amazonia, Amazonia, into Gulf of Mexico. B. lacus (la lacus (la plata nixie); Argentina, La Plata Basin. B. myops (lake myops (lake nixie); Guiana to Peru. G ENUS : P ERIPLOCADA ENUS : P ERIPLOCADA
P. bradycruz (slender bradycruz (slender legged sloth opossum); south central San Diego Is. P. ignavus (masked ignavus (masked sloth opossum); southern San Diego Is. P. prehensalis (prehensile prehensalis (prehensile tailed sloth opossum); southern San Diego Is. G ENUS : A AGRIMI ENUS :
A. clavodon (hunting clavodon (hunting opossum); eastern Chile Chil e and Argentina. ENUS : B G ENUS : BOUBAMARA
B. entellus (slow entellus (slow opossum); eastern USA. B. pinus (pine pinus (pine opossum); western USA and Canada. Canada. B. serpens (scaly serpens (scaly tailed slow opossum); central USA, into central Canada. B. tacitus (mosaic tacitus (mosaic tailed slow opossum); southeastern s outheastern USA. G ENUS : A ABAROS ENUS :
A. megaurus (thicktailed megaurus (thicktailed mouse opossum); Peru to t o Bolivia. A. murinus (brazilian murinus (brazilian mouse opossum); central c entral Amazonia. G ENUS : A ADAPODELPHYS ENUS :
A. modus (buskin); modus (buskin); northern Amazonia. G ENUS : BRADYCINETUS ENUS : B
B. leptogradum (sloth leptogradum (sloth opossum); central Amazonia. G ENUS : A AGARMPUS ENUS :
A. breviurus (short breviurus (short tailed opossum); northern Amazonia.
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ONOTREMATA; Family: O RNITHORHYNCHIDAE RNITHORHYNCHIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: M ONOTREMATA
Time period: Age of Man to 30 million mill ion years AM. ENUS : G ENUS : A ANATOBESTIA
A. megalopes (cotta); megalopes (cotta); Western Australia. G ENUS : ORNITHORHYNCHUS ENUS : O
O. oloferous (oily oloferous (oily platypus); eastern Australia. O. phocinus (seal phocinus (seal like platypus); Australia and Tasmania. O. thalassus (oceanic thalassus (oceanic platypus); southern Indian Ocean. Oc ean. G ENUS : A ANSERTHERIUM ENUS :
A. ingenium (great ingenium (great kamaloka); kamaloka); eastern Australia. A. ogcodes (tall ogcodes (tall kamaloka); southeastern Australia. Austr alia. ENUS : P ICITHERIA G ENUS : P ICITHERIA
P. altifer (barrier altifer (barrier mtns. laimboo); GBM. P. dendrobates (scampering dendrobates (scampering laimboo); northeastern Australia. P. leptorhynchus (slender leptorhynchus (slender billed laimboo); NSW and Victoria. P. obscurus (dusky obscurus (dusky laimboo); GBM. P. pygmaeus (pygmy pygmaeus (pygmy laimboo); laimboo); eastern Australia.
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ARSUPIALIA; Family: P ERAMELIDAE ERAMELIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: M ARSUPIALIA
Time period: Age of Man to 30 million mil lion years AM. ENUS : C ERVIMYS G ENUS : C ERVIMYS
C. gracilis (graceful gracilis (graceful lined manitoo); Victoria. C. lativirgata (vertical lativirgata (vertical striped manitoo); Victoria and South Australia. C. megalotis (large megalotis (large eared manitoo); manitoo); Northern N orthern Territories. ENUS : P HYLLOTHRIX G ENUS : P HYLLOTHRIX
P. socius (leaf socius (leaf spined manitoo); east coastal c oastal Australia. G ENUS : T ETRADACTYLIA ENUS : T ETRADACTYLIA
T. elaphas (four elaphas (four toed manitoo); Western Australia. G ENUS : P ERAMELES ENUS : P ERAMELES
P. brevipes (short brevipes (short footed manitoo); Western Australia. P. fasciatus (royal fasciatus (royal manitoo); manitoo); east coastal Australia. P. trivirgata (three trivirgata (three striped manitoo); South Australia. G ENUS : T HYLOCERVUS ENUS : T HYLOCERVUS
T. lagotis (rabbuck eared marsupial “deer”); Northern Territories. T. marsupialis (double pouched marsupial “deer”); NSW and Victoria. T. myotis (mouse eared marsupial “deer”); east -coastal Australia. G ENUS : T RAGELLA ENUS : T RAGELLA
T. minimus (javelin); minimus (javelin); South and southern Western Australia. G ENUS : D ORCAMYS ENUS : D ORCAMYS
D. altaica (mountain altaica (mountain javelin); javelin); southern s outhern GBM. D. leucocaudia (white leucocaudia (white tailed javelin); New Guinea. D. spinosus (new spinosus (new guinea spiny javelin); New Guinea. G ENUS : D ILOCHOTIS ENUS : D ILOCHOTIS
D. hirsuticaudatus (“four eared” javelin); central Australia.
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ARSUPIALIA; Family: T HYLOGAZELLIDAE HYLOGAZELLIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: M ARSUPIALIA
Time period: 25-50 million years y ears AM. ENUS : C AMPESTER G ENUS : C
C. campester (hill campester (hill muscat); Western Australia. C. equiurus (horse equiurus (horse tailed muscat); southern Western Australia. G ENUS : LISSOCHOERUS ENUS : L
L. acupes (sharp acupes (sharp hooved hooved kummel); Queensland and NSW . L. leucurus (white leucurus (white vented kummel); Queensland. L. socius (herding socius (herding kummel); eastern Australia. G ENUS : N ENUS : N AEVUS
N. sylvicultrix (bibber); sylvicultrix (bibber); South Australia. ENUS : T HYLOGAZELLA G ENUS : T HYLOGAZELLA
G. altaica (eastern altaica (eastern marsupial gazelle); eastern Australia. G. artucornis (curly artucornis (curly horned marsupial gazelle); South Australia to Vi ctoria. G ENUS : C ERVIMIMUS ENUS : C ERVIMIMUS
C. cornugravis (cuakaboo); cornugravis (cuakaboo); central Western Australia. ENUS : C ERATOTHYLUS G ENUS : C ERATOTHYLUS
C. antecursor (kalotadun); antecursor (kalotadun); northern Western Australia. G ENUS : T HYLOGRADUM ENUS : T HYLOGRADUM
T. provectortus (cerecus); provectortus (cerecus); east coastal Australia. G ENUS : S ICCUPERITUS ENUS : S ICCUPERITUS
S. spinifer (budicack); spinifer (budicack); Western Australia and Northern Territories. G ENUS : A ALACRITAS ENUS :
A. deserta (southern deserta (southern krakens); South Australia. A. dorcas (antelope dorcas (antelope krakens); krakens); Northern Territories and northern Queensland. A. felix (joyful felix (joyful krakens); New Guinea. G uinea. A. tarasi ; GBM range. G ENUS : U NGULATHYLUS ENUS : U NGULATHYLUS
U. cephalophus (gazook); cephalophus (gazook); New Guinea.
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EGACHIROPTERA; Family: P TEROPODIDAE TEROPODIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: M EGACHIROPTERA
Time period: Age of Man to 100 million years AM. Separated into 4 sub-families: Pterurinae Pterurus Cercomoloch Pterdraco Ptilonotus Sanguinycteris Dermopterosus Emsordeus Nycteraptor Nurtix
Pteropodinae Pteropus Acrognathus Apicapio Nyctillus Draconella Rhamphomyscus Araneaphagus Draculum Pterobracchium Brevipteropus Alceona Glaromyscus Anebainaria Mergor Procella Acerictus
Nuchteridinae Aerobates Zachrophilus Aes Photeinus Nuchterida
ENUS : P TERURUS G ENUS : P TERURUS
P. vampyrus (cloaker vampyrus (cloaker bat); Lemuria to eastern Africa. Afric a. G ENUS : P TEROPUS ENUS : P TEROPUS
P. albulus (white albulus (white flying fox); eastern Australia. P. australiensis (common australiensis (common australian flying fox); throughout Australia. P. egeurus (pale egeurus (pale rumped flying fox); Western Australia. P. florivora (flower florivora (flower eating flying fox); east coastal Australia. P. fulgens (golden fulgens (golden mantled flying fox); Northern Territories. P. gigans (greater gigans (greater flying fox); T asmania. P. leucoventer (white leucoventer (white vented flying fox); New Guinea, northern Queensland. P. maculapterus (spot maculapterus (spot winged flying fox); Northern Territories and Queensland. P. micropterum (pygmy micropterum (pygmy flying fox); Victoria to Tasmania. P. montanosus (northern montanosus (northern flying fox); southern GBM. P. novaeguineae (new novaeguineae (new guinea flying fox); New Guinea. G uinea. P. pithecoides (lemur-faced pithecoides (lemur-faced flying fox); New Guinea. P. virgatigens (line virgatigens (line faced flying fox); Western Australia. G ENUS : C ERCOMOLOCH ENUS : C ERCOMOLOCH
C. aerodynamicus (agile aerodynamicus (agile flying moloch); southern Batavia. C. harpy (harpy harpy (harpy bat); northern Batavia. C. raptor (eagle raptor (eagle bat); central Batavia. G ENUS : A ACROGNATHUS ENUS :
A. ichthyophaga (fishing ichthyophaga (fishing bat); Lemuria. ENUS : G ENUS : A APICAPIO
A. alcedo (blue alcedo (blue bee eater bat); USA. mazonia. A. blagdeni (blagden’s bee eater bat); A mazonia. A. conviviums (cinnamon conviviums (cinnamon bee eater bat); Amazonia. A. funambulus (red funambulus (red brested bee eater bat); Amazonia. A. jaculum (darting jaculum (darting bee eater bat); Amazonia. A. lugubris (purple lugubris (purple heart bee eater bat); Amazonia. A. monarchus (king monarchus (king bee eater bat); Amazonia. A. persequi (lettered persequi (lettered bee eater eater bat); Hispanolian Is. A. scurra (crimson scurra (crimson bee eater bat); Hispanolian Is. A. velox (diving velox (diving bee eater bat); Amazonia.
Remalinae Remala Natopterus
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G ENUS : N YCTILLUS ENUS : N YCTILLUS
N. blattapterus (madaga blattapterus (madagascar scar moth winged bat); Madagascar. N. dasymallus (lemurian dasymallus (lemurian moth winged bat); Lemuria. N. vendito (black vendito (black and white winged bat); Madagascar. Madagascar. ENUS : P TERDRACO G ENUS : P TERDRACO
P. alecto (greater alecto (greater flying dragon); China to western USA to southern South America. G ENUS : D RACONELLA ENUS : D RACONELLA
D. eucinetus (lesser eucinetus (lesser flying dragon); Batavian Is. D. hutchencei (blue-footed hutchencei (blue-footed flying dragon); Batazian Is. D. omalos (chevron omalos (chevron flying dragon); south central c entral Batavian Batavian Is. D. pardala (spotted pardala (spotted flying dragon); dr agon); Batavian Batavian Is. D. polychromus (many polychromus (many colored flying dragon); southern Batavian Is. D. pteronyx (long pteronyx (long clawed flying dragon); northern Batavian Is. D. rufina (rusty rufina (rusty colored flying dragon); northern Batavian Batavian Is. G ENUS : P TILONOTUS ENUS : P TILONOTUS
P. brevicaudatus (naked brevicaudatus (naked backed bat); Pecaus Is. G ENUS : R HAMPHOMYSCUS ENUS : R HAMPHOMYSCUS
R. badius (tawny badius (tawny fruit bat); Pecaus Is. R. clamator (dusky clamator (dusky fruit bat); Pecaus Is. R. derbyanus (common derbyanus (common fruit bat); Pecaus Is. to eastern Australia. R. ocellatus (ocellated ocellatus (ocellated fruit bat); Pecaus Is. R. phalaena (indian phalaena (indian fruit bat); GBM to Asia. R. phoebeps (dark phoebeps (dark fruit bat); China and Malaysia. G ENUS : A ARANEAPHAGUS ENUS :
A. copiosus (savanna copiosus (savannah h spidereater); central to southern s outhern Africa. A. dexter (happy dexter (happy spidereater); spidereater); Great Brittan Bri ttan to western Europe. A. episcopus (maned episcopus (maned spidereater); central African rainforests. A. factum (cape factum (cape spidereater); southern Africa. A. versabilis (small versabilis (small spidereater); central African rainforests. A. verus (laughing verus (laughing spidereater); central African rainforests. G ENUS : D RACULUM ENUS : D RACULUM
D. dasyurus (brush dasyurus (brush tailed little flying dragon); San Diego Is. D. frugivora (pygmy frugivora (pygmy flying dragon); western USA, San Diego Is. D. nectarinia (sugar nectarinia (sugar flying dragon); southern San Diego Is. D. schoinobates (plains schoinobates (plains flying dragon); western USA. ENUS : S ANGUINYCTERIS G ENUS : S
S. ecaudatus (tail ecaudatus (tail less eagle bat); Pecaus Is. G ENUS : D ERMOPTEROSUS ENUS : D ERMOPTEROSUS
D. longidactylus (dermopter); longidactylus (dermopter); Eurasia. G ENUS : E MSORDEUS ENUS : E MSORDEUS
E. aquila (eagle aquila (eagle bat); northern Amazonia. Amazonia. E. macropterus (long macropterus (long winged eagle bat); Amazonia. E. myocaudatus (slender myocaudatus (slender tailed eagle bat); Central America. E. salano (flying salano (flying salano); Argentina and Chile. E. sarcolestes (hispanolian sarcolestes (hispanolian eagle ba bat); t); Hispanolian Is. ENUS : G ENUS : A AEROBATES
sub-genus: Aerobates A. advena (hovering advena (hovering nectar bat): western USA, San Diego Is. A. aerobates (aeroba aerobates (aerobatic tic bat); Hispanolian Is.
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A. cacto (cactus cacto (cactus nectar bat); Argentina and Chile. A. caeruleus (lavendar caeruleus (lavendar hooded nectar bat); southern Amazonia. A. cogitatio (common cogitatio (common hispanolian nectar bat); Hispanolian Is. A. cometae (comet cometae (comet tailed nectar bat); Brazil. A. coronatus (crowned coronatus (crowned nectar bat); Peru to t o Bolivia. A. culveri (gleaming culveri (gleaming nectar bat); Central America. A. cuspis (tube cuspis (tube nosed nectar bat); Peru to Chile. A. decus (decorated decus (decorated nectar bat); Central America. A. formosus (lovely formosus (lovely nectar bat); southern Amazonia. A. glaucus (glauceous glaucus (glauceous nectar bat); central USA. A. humilis (short humilis (short nosed nectar bat); San Diego Is. A. longicollis longicollis (long (long necked nectar bat); Amazonia. Amazonia. A. magnus (greater magnus (greater nectar bat); southeastern USA. A. melanoalbus (black melanoalbus (black and white nectar bat); Mexico to southern USA. A. minor (lesser minor (lesser nectar bat); Central America and southern Mexico. A. mitra (singing mitra (singing nectar bat); southern Mexico. A. naso (sword naso (sword muzzled nectar bat); Amazonia. Amazonia. A. recurvirostris (scimitar recurvirostris (scimitar muzzled nectar bat); Amazonia. A. rostrosus (downcurve rostrosus (downcurve muzzled nectar bat); Amazonia. Amazonia. A. secerno (eve secerno (evening ning nectar bat); Hispanolian Is. A. uncia (ounce uncia (ounce nectar bat); central Amazonia. A. viridus (lime viridus (lime nectar bat); western USA. sub-genus: Guronycteris A. falx (curve falx (curve nosed bat); southern USA. A. trochilus (hummingbird trochilus (hummingbird bat); Peru to Brazil. G ENUS : Z ENUS : Z ACHROPHILUS
Z. aeratus (golden aeratus (golden nectar bat); northern Central America. Z. cyanaeus (malachite cyanaeus (malachite nectar bat); central and southern Amazonia. Amazonia. Z. hyacinthus (hyacinth hyacinthus (hyacinth nectar bat); northern and central Amazonia. Z. longicaudatus (long longicaudatus (long tailed nectar bat); southern Mexico. Z. rubrigenys (ruby rubrigenys (ruby headed nectar bat); northern Amazonia. Z. stellaluna (glistening stellaluna (glistening nectar bat); southern Central America. G ENUS : A AES ENUS :
A. fabulosa (bronze fabulosa (bronze comet tailed nectar bat); Brazilian Amazon. G ENUS : P HOTEINUS ENUS : P HOTEINUS
P. azurus (azure azurus (azure glowing nectar bat); Uruguay to Argentina. P. lucifer (beautiful lucifer (beautiful nectar bat); central Amazonia. P. lumens (red lumens (red glowing nectar bat); northern Amazonia. P. melapterus (black melapterus (black winged glowing nectar bat); Guatemala to Panama. P. mirabilis mirabilis (racquet (racquet tailed glowing nectar bat); Peru to Uruguay. P. nycteris (common nycteris (common glowing nectar bat); Brazil to t o Peru. P. superba (southern superba (southern glowing nectar bat); Venezuela, Colombia, northern Brazil. P. versicolor (versicolor versicolor (versicolor glowing nectar bat); central Amazonia. G ENUS : P TEROBRACCHIUM ENUS : P TEROBRACCHIUM
P. tridactylus (long tridactylus (long winged bat); central African rainforests. ENUS : B G ENUS : BREVIPTEROPUS
B. bernsteini (bernstein’s short winged bat); western Madagascar. B. myocaudata (naked myocaudata (naked tailed round winged bat); Madagascar. Madagascar. B. versicolor (common versicolor (common round winged bat); northern Madagascar, southern Comoro Is. G ENUS : A ALCEONA ENUS :
sub-genus: Halcyonycteris A. basilissa (regal basilissa (regal fishing bat); Europe and Great Brittan, possibly into USSR. A. calloatus (multicolored calloatus (multicolored fishing bat); central and southern China. A. emerus (friendly emerus (friendly fishing bat); northern GBM. A. japonicus (japanese japonicus (japanese fishing bat); Japan and nearby Is. A. megacephalus (large megacephalus (large muzzled fishing bat); India, into western China. A. purpurea (purple purpurea (purple backed fishing bat); southern India.
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A. pygmaeus (pygmy pygmaeus (pygmy fishing bat); northeastern India to Malaysia. A. splendidus (shiny splendidus (shiny fishing bat); southern China, northern GBM. A. tigris (striped tigris (striped fishing bat); Malaysia. sub-genus: Alceona A. fantasticus (love fantasticus (lovely ly fishing bat); eastern Australia. A. melanops (black melanops (black headed paradise bat); southern s outhern New Guinea to Queensland. Q ueensland. A. paradeisea (paradise paradeisea (paradise fishing bat); southern GBM. A. rubricaudatus (red rubricaudatus (red tailed paradise bat); Papua, New Guinea. A. segourothrix (curly segourothrix (curly haired bat); N ew Guinea. ENUS : N YCTERAPTOR G ENUS : N YCTERAPTOR
N. diripio (western diripio (western hawk bat); western Africa. N. pilosus (cape pilosus (cape hawk bat); southern and central Africa. N. velox (slender velox (slender hawk bat); central African rainforests. G ENUS : G LAROMYSCUS ENUS : G LAROMYSCUS
sub-genus: Glaromyscus G. albus (white albus (white merg); Arctic Ocean. G. bicolor (bicolored bicolor (bicolored merg); Pacific regions. G. capensis (african capensis (african merg); Lemuria, Madagascar, and eastern Africa. G. formosus (black formosus (black headed merg); all tropical waters. G. fulginosus (glossy fulginosus (glossy merg); all oceans and seas. G. ludibrium (indo-pacific ludibrium (indo-pacific merg); Indian and Pacific Ocean. G. maculosus (glaucous maculosus (glaucous merg); Arctic, northern Pacific and Atlantic. G. magnificus (giant magnificus (giant merg); Batavian Is. G. mergus (common mergus (common merg); all oceans of the world. G. nebulosus (sooty nebulosus (sooty merg); USA to Europe. G. prudens (inland prudens (inland merg); all t ropical and temperate waters. G. regia (regal regia (regal merg); Antarctic, as far north only as southern Africa. G. striatus (striped striatus (striped merg); southern Pacific. G. ululatus (singing ululatus (singing merg); Batavian Is. sub-genus: Ereptor G. ereptor (weeping ereptor (weeping merg); Batavian Is. G. fletus (screech fletus (screech merg); coastal c oastal USA, Canada and Europe. G ENUS : A ANEBAINARIA ENUS :
A. acuta (dark acuta (dark dulcey); tropical Pacific. A. brevicaudatus (southern brevicaudatus (southern short tailed dulcey); dulc ey); Southern Ocean. A. dulcis (gentle dulcis (gentle dulcey); Southern Ocean as far north as southern South America. A. errator (gail errator (gail dulcey); all oceans of the world. A. giganteus (storm giganteus (storm dulcey); Southern Ocean, as far north as southern Africa. A. nobilis (nobile nobilis (nobile dulcey); all temperate and polar waters. A. piscatoris (dark piscatoris (dark browed dulcey); all tropical and temperate oceans. A. volvo (antarctic volvo (antarctic dulcey); Southern Ocean. G ENUS : M ERGOR ENUS : M ERGOR
M. alces (diving alces (diving merg); east coastal Canada to Greenla Gr eenland. nd. M. mergor (flat mergor (flat nosed merg); west coastal USA. M. micropterum (small micropterum (small winged diving merg); western USA U SA and Canada. M. pinnatus (pennant pinnatus (pennant diving merg); west coastal Europe to northern Africa. M. platyrostris (wedge platyrostris (wedge muzzled muzzled diving merg); east coastal USA to t o Europe. M. puffinus (colorful puffinus (colorful diving merg); San Diego Is. M. tardus (red tardus (red tailed diving merg); all northern polar and temperate waters. ENUS : P ROCELLA G ENUS : P ROCELLA
P. bataviensis (batavian bataviensis (batavian thuela); Batavian Is. P. cano (silver cano (silver thuela); southern Indian and Pacific. P. canus (white canus (white thuela); southern Atlantic. P. cogitatio (dove cogitatio (dove thuela); southern Pacific and Atlantic. P. fuligonosa (black fuligonosa (black faced thuela); Batavian Batavian Is. P. hamonychus (claw hamonychus (claw footed thuela); Southern Ocean. P. pedetemptim (blue pedetemptim (blue footed thuela); southern Atlantic. P. serenus (fairy serenus (fairy thuela); Southern Ocean.
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P. sylpha (little sylpha (little fairy thuela); Southern Ocean. ENUS : G ENUS : A ACERICTUS
A. edax (antarctic edax (antarctic skird); Southern Ocean. A. pravus (sub pravus (sub polar skird); all temperate and tropical waters. A. prodigium (common prodigium (common skird); all oceans and seas of the world. A. quantulus (pacific quantulus (pacific skird); northern Pacific. A. rapina (falcon rapina (falcon skird); all northern polar and temperate waters. A. regillus (royal regillus (royal skird); southern Pacific and Atlantic. A. sagittacaudis (arrow-tailed sagittacaudis (arrow-tailed skird); all oceans of the world. G ENUS : R EMALA ENUS : R EMALA
R. madipella (slurfoat); madipella (slurfoat); Batavian Is. G ENUS : N ENUS : N ATOPTERUS
N. albiventer (white albiventer (white footed pendee); Southern Ocean, around Antarctica. N. atlanticus (red atlanticus (red crested pendee); Atlantic Ocean. N. cryptotis (earless cryptotis (earless pendee); pendee); southern Pacific P acific between between Australia and South America. N. pinguis (fat pinguis (fat pendee); Australia to southern Africa. N. saxosus (rock saxosus (rock pendee); south coastal South America. N. tropicalis (indian tropicalis (indian pendee); Indian Ocean, as far south as northern Australia. G ENUS : N URTIX ENUS : N URTIX
N. nurtix (nurse nurtix (nurse bat); Africa and Asia. G ENUS : N UCHTERIDA ENUS : N UCHTERIDA
N. omorphus (chinese omorphus (chinese greater nectar bat); India and China. N. phluarus (dog phluarus (dog faced nectar bat); southern India. N. xephantoma (yellow xephantoma (yellow nectar bat); Eurasia.
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EGACHIROPTERA; Family: M ONODACTYLOPTERIDAE ONODACTYLOPTERIDAE (Est. 1995) Order: M EGACHIROPTERA
Time period: 60-100 million years AM. ENUS : I SCHNOPTERUS G ENUS : I SCHNOPTERUS
I. albidactylus (white albidactylus (white fingered brecalurd); Batavian Is. I. cervicolor (fawn cervicolor (fawn brecalurd); Batavian Is. I. dominicanus (dominican dominicanus (dominican brecalurd); Batavian Is. I. microtis (small microtis (small eared brecalurd); Batavian Is. I. nudipes (red nudipes (red footed brecalurd); Batavian Is. I. nyctes (night nyctes (night brecalurd); Batavian Is. G ENUS : T YLOPTERUS ENUS : T YLOPTERUS
T. malleolus (european malleolus (european ouahabi); Europe. T. relicta (russet relicta (russet mantled ouahabi); Caucasian Mtns. T. spectrum (spectral spectrum (spectral ouahabi); Asia to China. G ENUS : OUAHABIA ENUS : O
O. furnereus (forest furnereus (forest ouahabi); Great Brittish Isles. G ENUS : M ONODACTYLOPTERA ENUS : M ONODACTYLOPTERA
M. dasynotus (bushy dasynotus (bushy backed one fingered bat); northern Australia. Aust ralia. M. daurica (daurian daurica (daurian one fingered bat); GBM range. M. loriae (lory loriae (lory one fingered bat); south Pacific Is. M. myurus (naked myurus (naked tailed one fingered bat); New Guinea to T asmania. ENUS : ENONYCTES G ENUS : X X ENONYCTES
X. arquatus (marine arquatus (marine basilisk); Indochina. X. humilis (long humilis (long fingered basilisk); Indochina. X. molossinus (mastiff molossinus (mastiff basilisk); Europe, Great Brittan. X. vetulus (arctic vetulus (arctic basilisk); Scandinavia. ENUS : D ICHILUS G ENUS : D ICHILUS
D. major (paloma major (paloma bat); Mongolia to USA. G ENUS : A ANGELLICULUS ENUS :
A. edurus (greater edurus (greater sea angel); Southern Ocean. A. grassor (diving grassor (diving sea angel); subtropical southern Pacific and Atlantic. A. illaetabilis illaetabilis (pale (pale sea angel); coastal Europe and Africa. A. libens (little libens (little sea angel); tropical Pacific. A. olorinus (common olorinus (common sea angel); tropical Pacific and Atlantic.
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EGACHIROPTERA; Family: B ALAENYCTERIDAE ALAENYCTERIDAE (Est. 1995) Order: M EGACHIROPTERA
Time period: 50-90 million years y ears AM. ENUS : B G ENUS : B ALAENYCTERIS
B. ardea (heron ardea (heron baleen baleen bat); coastal c oastal Lemuria and east Africa. B. australis (austral australis (austral baleen bat); all southern tropical t ropical waters. B. brunnea (brown brunnea (brown baleen bat); South America to Africa. B. insularis (batavian insularis (batavian baleen bat); Batavian Is. B. pelecanoides (pouched pelecanoides (pouched baleen baleen bat); all tropical waters. B. perelegans (spot perelegans (spot winged baleen bat); all tropical tr opical and temperate waters. waters. G ENUS : R OSTROBALAENA ENUS : R OSTROBALAENA
R. liquus (taza); liquus (taza); all tropical and temperate waters. waters. ENUS : O G ENUS : ONOCROTALUS
O. borealis (northern borealis (northern baleen bat); all northern temperate waters. O. longicaudatus (long longicaudatus (long tailed baleen bat); all tropical waters. O. rubriurus (red rubriurus (red tailed baleen bat); tropical Pacific waters. O. stramenis (straw stramenis (straw mantled baleen bat); all tropical tr opical and temperate waters. waters.
ICROCHIROPTERA; Family: C AECOPTERIDAE AECOPTERIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: M ICROCHIROPTERA
Time period: 10-40 million years y ears AM. G ENUS : C ENUS : C AECOPTERUS
C. bicolor (bicolored bicolor (bicolored blind bat); central Asia, possibly into USSR. C. europaeus (europe europaeus (european an blind bat); Europe, Great Brittan. C. longicaudatus (long longicaudatus (long tailed blind bat); USSR, eastern Europe. C. megalotus (large megalotus (large eared blind bat); most of northern USA. C. murinus (murine murinus (murine blind bat); southern Canada. C. naricotus (common naricotus (common american blind bat); USA. C. otofrons (front-eared otofrons (front-eared blind bat); northern Africa, around Sahara. C. toshlae (toshla’s blind bat); southern Europe, into Afro -european -european Mtns. C. tropicalis (central tropicalis (central american blind bat); Central America, northern South America. C. versicolor (pied versicolor (pied blind bat); southern USA, northern Mexico.
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RYPTOCHIROPTERA; Family: C RYPTOPTERIDAE RYPTOPTERIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: C RYPTOCHIROPTERA
Time period: 40-60 million years y ears AM. ENUS : F LORIFACIES G ENUS : F LORIFACIES
F. mirabila (flooer); mirabila (flooer); central Batavia. Batavia. G ENUS : A ARBOVESPERTILIO ENUS :
A. apteryx (shaloth); apteryx (shaloth); southern s outhern Batavia. Batavia. G ENUS : C RYPTOPTERUS ENUS : C RYPTOPTERUS
C. callothrix (collared callothrix (collared heuadon); central Batavia. C. peluda (round peluda (round eared heuadon); central Batavia. C. ungulatus (ungulate ungulatus (ungulate heuadon); northern Batavia. G ENUS : F RUGINICTES ENUS : F RUGINICTES
F. prosimus (lemur prosimus (lemur ousia); southern s outhern Batavia. Batavia. F. roarkei (roarke’s ousia); central Batavia. G ENUS : A ACRONURUS ENUS :
A. hastatus (dwingubu); hastatus (dwingubu); central Batavia. Batavia. G ENUS : P ITHECONYCTERIS ENUS : P ITHECONYCTERIS
P. sylvestris (julep); sylvestris (julep); central and s outhern Batavian Batavian Is.
RYPTOCHIROPTERA; Family: M ANAMBULIDAE ANAMBULIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: C RYPTOCHIROPTERA
Time period: 20-55 million years y ears AM. G ENUS : M ENUS : M ANAMBULUS
M. perhorridus (night perhorridus (night stalker); central and southern Batavian Is. G ENUS : M ICRONYCIS ENUS : M ICRONYCIS
M. troonyx (little troonyx (little night stalker); northern Batavian Is.
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RIMATES ; Family: I NDRIIDAE NDRIIDAE (Est. 1994) Order: P RIMATES
Time period: Age of Man to 40 million mill ion years AM. ENUS : T ITIA G ENUS : T ITIA
T. acrobates (surya); acrobates (surya); central Madagascar. Madagascar. G ENUS : P ROPITHECUS ENUS : P ROPITHECUS
sub-genus: Pteradapis P. coronatus (crowned coronatus (crowned sifaka); western Madagascar. Madagascar. P. vandeckeni (vandecken’s sifaka); southern Madagascar. sub-genus: Propithecus P. aureus (golden aureus (golden sifaka); extreme extreme northern Madagascar. Madagascar. P. basilicus (royal basilicus (royal sifaka); northern Madagascar. P. blackwoodi (banded blackwoodi (banded sifaka); southern Madagascar. Madagascar. P. trichotis (tufted trichotis (tufted sifaka); eastern Madagascar. G ENUS : A ANUBIA ENUS :
A. anubis (anubis anubis (anubis shamash); central Madagascar. A. diadema (diadem diadema (diadem shamash); eastern Madagascar. Madagascar. ENUS : E NDRINA G ENUS : E NDRINA
E. andersoni (anderson’s endrina); central Madagascar. Madagascar. E. fulvus (golden fulvus (golden fronted endrina); southern Madagascar. E. melanotus (black melanotus (black backed endrina); eastern Madagascar. E. scitua (red scitua (red bellied endrina); southeastern Madagascar. ENUS : P ARANOBRACCHIUM G ENUS : P
P. limnobates (sharira); limnobates (sharira); northern Madagascar. Madagascar. G ENUS : B ABAKOTA ENUS : B
B. pteria (tabaret); pteria (tabaret); eastern Madagascar. Madagascar. B. serica (silky serica (silky tabaret); eastern Madagascar. G ENUS : M ENUS : M ARMOSETTUS
M. gracilis (kamarupa gracilis (kamarupa); ); Comoro Is. G ENUS : G EOPROPITHECUS ENUS : G EOPROPITHECUS
G. meles (khaki); meles (khaki); central Madagascar. Madagascar. ENUS : ERADAPIS G ENUS : X X ERADAPIS
X. fasciatus (burrowing fasciatus (burrowing sifaka); sif aka); southern Madagascar. G ENUS : LESTONYX ENUS : L
L. manchatus (juju); manchatus (juju); south central Madagascar. G ENUS : P ERIPITHEDORCAS ENUS : P ERIPITHEDORCAS
P. longipes (genkibok); longipes (genkibok); central Madagascar. Madagascar. G ENUS : S IVADAPIS ENUS : S IVADAPIS
S. altogradus ; northern Madagascar. Madagascar. S. reticulatus ; central Madagascar. ENUS : G ENUS : A AMPHIMNUS
A. cardiothorax ; eastern Madagascar. Madagascar. A. rufus ; southern s outhern Madagascar. Madagascar.
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G ENUS : I NDRI ENUS : I NDRI
I. aridus (desert aridus (desert babakoot); southern Madagascar. Madagascar. I. cynocephaloides (russet cynocephaloides (russet mantled babakoot); babakoot); southern s outhern Madagascar. Madagascar. I. lagurus (cotton lagurus (cotton tailed t ailed babakoot); babakoot); eastern Madagascar. I. ursinus (ursine ursinus (ursine babakoot); babakoot); western Madagascar. G ENUS : P ROCEBUS ENUS : P ROCEBUS
P. prehensacaudis ; central Madagascar. Madagascar. G ENUS : M ETADAPIS ENUS : M ETADAPIS
M. africanus ; central African rainforests. ENUS : P ROPLIOCEBUS G ENUS : P ROPLIOCEBUS
P. excelsus ; northern and central c entral Madagascar. Madagascar. P. giraffa ; central Madagascar. Madagascar. G ENUS : D IUPROPITHECUS ENUS : D IUPROPITHECUS
D. pigritia ; eastern Madagascar. D. thompsoni ; western Madagascar. Madagascar. D. vanelliae ; eastern Madagascar. Madagascar. G ENUS : A AVAHI ENUS :
A. ailuroides ; northern Madagascar. Madagascar. A. occidentalis ; western Madagascar. Madagascar. G ENUS : U ROINDRIS ENUS : U ROINDRIS
U. longicaudatus ; southern s outhern Madagascar. U. perrieri ; south central Madagascar.
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LEUROPTERIA; Family: V OLACOSTIDAE OLACOSTIDAE (Est. 1996) Order: P LEUROPTERIA
Time period: 60-100 million years AM. ENUS : V OLACOSTA G ENUS : V OLACOSTA
V. comoroensis (comoros comoroensis (comoros glider); Comoros Is. V. eous (eastern eous (eastern glider); eastern Madagascar. Madagascar. V. gemmifer (jewele gemmifer (jeweled d glider); southern Madagascar. V. iridometallus iridometallus (iridescent (iridescent glider); northern Madagascar. Madagascar. V. iucundus (nectar iucundus (nectar glider); western Madagascar. Madagascar. V. mauritiensis (mauritius mauritiensis (mauritius glider); Mauritius Is. V. nebulosa (sooty nebulosa (sooty glider); Madagascar. Madagascar. V. nullis (dull nullis (dull glider); Madagascar. Madagascar. V. obscura (dusky obscura (dusky glider); southern Madagascar. V. pavonicus (peacock pavonicus (peacock glider); east central Madagascar. V. persona (masked persona (masked glider); southern s outhern Madagascar. Madagascar. V. poliocephalus (gray poliocephalus (gray headed glider); northern Madagascar. Madagascar. V. pyrrocollis (red pyrrocollis (red naped glider); northeastern Madagascar. Madagascar. V. sparsus (uncommon sparsus (uncommon glider); western Madagascar. Madagascar. G ENUS : P ENUS : P ATRIOLABIA
P. chrysocephalia (golden chrysocephalia (golden headed glider); southern s outhern Comoros. P. henryi (rose-winged henryi (rose-winged glider); eastern Madagascar. Madagascar. P. ignipes (red ignipes (red footed glider); northern Madagascar. Madagascar. P. prunum (plum prunum (plum backed glider); Madagascar. Madagascar. G ENUS : I REPTERA ENUS : I REPTERA
I. glossomalus (nectar glossomalus (nectar eating glider); Madagascar. Madagascar. I. lemuriops (spotted lemuriops (spotted glider); eastern Madagascar. Madagascar. I. megalurus (long megalurus (long tailed glider); Madagascar. Madagascar. I. ochripterus (spot ochripterus (spot winged glider); southeastern Madagascar. Madagascar. I. seychellensis (seychelles seychellensis (seychelles glider); Seychelles Is. ENUS : C APILILATUS G ENUS : C
C. chrysura ; central and southern Madagascar. C. galeritus ; east central c entral Madagascar. Madagascar. C. nivosa ; central c entral Madagascar.
LEUROPTERIA; Family: G LISTROSTRIGIDAE LISTROSTRIGIDAE (Est. 2003) Order: P LEUROPTERIA
Time period: 80-100 million years AM. ENUS : G LISTROSTRIX G ENUS : G LISTROSTRIX
G. arsenaulti ; southern s outhern Madagascar. Madagascar. G. lophocephalus ; Madagascar. Madagascar. G. myolophus ; Madagascar. Madagascar. G. ororhynchus ; Madagascar. Madagascar.