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MECHANISMS OF LABOR ENGAGEMENT - It is the mechanism wherein the fetus ‘engages’ to the pelvis. It is also called lightening or dropping. DESCENT – -is the downward movement of biparietal diameter of the fetal head to within the pelvic p elvic inlet. - DESCENT happens because because of the pressure on the fetus by the the uterine fundus. - descent happens due to the force ov gravity as a result of downward pressure of the contractions during second stage of labor. - The baby begins to descend at the pelvis then continues to birth canal. - Assessment measurement is termed as station.
FLEXION - “chin to chest” chest” - as the baby descends, her chin touches her chest. - flexion is also aided by abdominal muscle contraction during pushing. Internal rotation -
This occurs from the occiput transverse position to the occiput anterior position while descending. - or, the baby’s head will enter the pelvis in a transverse transverse / diagonal position. - Thhis movement brings the shoulders ,coming next into the optimal position to eneter the inlet, putting the widest diameter of the shoulders. Extension
-This enables the head to emerge when the fetus is in cephalic position. This begins when the head is crowning. - The head extends , and the foremost parts of the head, the face and chin are born. Restitution
It is the realignment of the head of the fetus with the body as the fetus’ head emerges.
External Rotation – after the head of the infant is born, the head rotates back to the diagonal or transverse position of the early part of the labor. Expulsion – Once the shoulders are born, the rest of the baby is born easily & smoothly because of its smaller size.
