MBA 4th Sem

MBA 4th Sem - 401 - Sustainability / Pune University Sustainable Development - Multiple choice questions  AS!"#S MA#$"D !%&' ( 1 ) !hich t*o o+ the +ollo*in, are *iely re,are as bein, important aspects o+ .sustainable social an economic evelopment %ntra-,enerational inequity 'i,h levels o+ consumption epeniture an lo* levels o+ savin, Intra-generational equity * Inter-generational equity * %nter-,enerational inequity  ) !hich o+ the +ollo*in, technical conitions is an important part o+ the .stron, sustainability rule.  Any rise in man-mae capital can be re,are as helpin, o++set any +all in natural capital &he total stoc2 o+ capital shoul not +all over time3 thou,h iniviual elements *ithin that stoc2 can vary  Any rise in social capital can be re,are as helpin, o++set any +all in natural capital Each element within the total stock of capital should not fall over time * &otal &o tal savin,s nee not cover the epreciation value o+ the stoc2 o+ capital  ) !hich three o+ the +ollo*in, are *iely re,are as characteristics o+ ,lobalisation &he nation state an its associate borers seem increasin,ly relevant Events occurring in one place have almost instantaneous (real-time) impacts worldwide * Reducing concerns for environmental impacts The nation state and its associated orders seem increasingly irrelevant * The lives of all individuals are increasingly interconnected y events worldwide * 4 ) !hich o+ the +ollo*in, perspectives ta2es the stron,est stance in support o+ sustainability  Accommoatin, 5ommunalist 6ree mar2et !eep ecology * 5ornucopian 7 ) !hich o+ the +ollo *in, is 8& a characteristic o+ the !orl &rae 8r,anisation 9!&8: "upporting the use of non-tariff rather than tariff arriers wherever possile *  Allo*in, retaliatory action *here another nation can be sho*n to have breache !&8 rules 9e),) .umpin,.: See2in, a pro,ressive reuction in tari++ an non-tari++ barriers 9e),) tari++s: Solvin, trae isputes throu,h consultation rather than retaliation "nsurin, that any train, avanta,e a,ree bet*een t*o nations etens to all nations Some questions may have more than one correct ans*er) An An ans*er choices in this are ranomi;e an *ill appear in a i++erent orer each time the pa,e is loae) < Match each o+ the +ollo*in, escriptions *ith its appropriate term 1 ) Supports ,ro*th-orientate policies espite environmental impacts +rom eploitin, natural resources in support o+ ,ro*th) =lobalisation #ornucopian perspective * !ea2 sustainability Savin,s rule Stron, sustainability

U Millennium Development =oals #io Declaration 9"arth Summit:  ) Su,,ests that the total stoc2 o+ capital shoul not +all bet*een ,enerations3 thou,h iniviual elements *ithin it can +all) Savin,s rule Stron, sustainability =lobalisation $eak sustainaility * 5ornucopian perspective U Millennium Development =oals #io Declaration 9"arth Summit:  ) An environmental bill o+ ri,hts establishe in 1>> to set out the principles +or economic an environmental behaviour o+ peoples an nations) Rio !eclaration (Earth "ummit) * !ea2 sustainability 5ornucopian perspective =lobalisation U Millennium Development =oals Stron, sustainability Savin,s rule 4 ) Su,,ests that neither the total stoc2 o+ capital nor any iniviual element *ithin it 9e),) man mae capital3 human capital3 natural capital3 social capital: shoul +all bet*een ,enerations) #io Declaration 9"arth Summit: Savin,s rule U Millennium Development =oals !ea2 sustainability =lobalisation 5ornucopian perspective "trong sustainaility * 7 ) Seen by many protest movements as increasin, the po*er o+ multination corporations at the epense o+  national ,overnments an re,ulatory environmental +rame*or2) 5ornucopian perspective Savin,s rule %loalisation * U Millennium Development =oals Stron, sustainability #io Declaration 9"arth Summit: !ea2 sustainability < &rue or +alse questions 1 ) &he Bruntlan #eport in 1>?@ pro vie the most *iely cite e+inition o+ sustainable e+inition3 namely evelopment *hich meets the nees o+ the present3 *ithout compromisin, the ability o+ +uture ,enerations to meet their o*n nees) True * 6alse

 ) 6ollo*in, the .*ea2 sustainability. rather than the .stron, sustainability. conition ,ives ,overnments less scope to pursue ,ro*th oriente policies *hich mi,ht ama,e the environment) &rue &alse *  ) %ntra-,enerational equity involves see2in, to minimise any averse impacts on +uture ,enerations as a result o+ the evelopment process) &rue &alse * 4 ) &he ,eneral savin,s rule states that +or evelopment to be sustainable3 total savin,s must at least cover  epreciation o+ the total capital stoc2) True * 6alse 7 ) &he !orl &rae 8r,anisation 9!&8: is a successor or,anisation to the =eneral A,reement on &ari++s an &rae 9=A&&: an see2s to continue reucin, barriers to the ,ro*th o+ *orl trae) True * 6alse ((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( ((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( Multiple 5hoice uestions 1: &he term sustainability re+ers to )  A: maintainin, resource use at current or hi,her levels ') keeping the natural environment and human society in a happy healthy and functional state * #) holding or increasing the current quality of human life * D: al*ays +ocusin, on +ul+illin, short-term nees ": opposin, chan,e +rom current policies  AS!"# B : &he current use o+ +ossil +uels versus the nee to evelop ne* rene*able en er,y sources is an eample o+ ) ) how short-term needs are in opposition to long-term sustainaility B: t*o i++erent ,oals that are not in opposition 5: ,overnmental vision competin, *ith economic practicalities D: t*o unrelate an inepenent but positive environmental ,oals ": an issue that *ill never be resolve  AS!"# A : &he Unite States3 *ith less than 7C o+ the *orl.s population3 no* consumes )  A: 10C o+ the *orl.s ener,y resources an 0C o+ its total resources B: 0C o+ the *orl.s ener,y resources an 40C o+ its total resources

#) +, of the worlds energy resources and .+, of its total resources D: @0C o+ the *orl.s ener,y resources an ?0C o+ its total resources ": >0C o+ the *orl.s ener,y resources an >0C o+ its total resources  AS!"# 5 4: 8ur consumptive li+estyles are )  A: a ne* phenomenon on "arth ') sustainale if we use technology properly 5: consistent *ith the li+estyles o+ previous ,enerations D: not impactin, the environment ue to environmental re,ulations ": not li2ely to impact the ability o+ evelopin, countries to obtain natural resources  AS!"# B 7: Sustainable evelopment involves ) ) reducing consumption increasing efficiency and using renewale energies B: lar,er builin,s usin, stron,er esi,n an materials 5: evelopin, better transportation by builin, more roas D: usin, all resources at maimum rates ": searchin, +or more eposits o+ +ossil +uels  AS!"# A : A reason +or the Eeconomy a,ainst environmentE minset is )  A: the i++erence in salary bet*een environmental *atcho,s an corporate 5"8s B: 5"8s are usually #epublican an environmental avocates are Democrats #) industriali/ation and urani/ation have roken the connection etween ourselves our economies and our natural environment D: inustriali;ation has ha several positive impacts on local ecosystems ": comman-an-control environmental policy may be too costly +or inustry an in+rin,e on private o*ners. ri,hts  AS!"# 5 @: "nvironmental protection can positively a++ect local economies by )  A: eliminatin, current ecess Fobs ') creating 0os that will attract companies from other sectors of the economy 5: increasin, short-term costs to eistin, an +uture businesses D: havin, businesses move out o+ the area to locales *ith less-strin,ent environmental protection ": havin, citi;ens move out o+ the community in orer to +in e mployment  AS!"# B ?: 8ne 2ey to reconnectin, ourselves *ith nature is to ) ) continue our current rate of res ource use until we are forced to return to a more locali/ed agrarian society B: consier an value the ori,in o+ *hat *e use in our  aily personal lives3 so it is easier to see our interepenence *ith the environment 5: continue rapi evelopment o+ all resources D: curb human population ,ro*th ": i,nore it  AS!"# A

>: Proucin, responsible an constructive technolo,y that can achieve sustainable solutions requires  )  A) funding for scientific research and elimination of damaging and inefficient technology B: increase o+ technolo,y evelope throu,h sel+-interest o+ lar,e companies 5: havin, citi;ens be co,ni;ant o+ the nee +or politicians to *or2 *ith Ebi, businessE D: public pressure to put limits on environmental protection ": importin, in+erior technolo,y to evelopin, c ountries *hile evelope countries invest in ,reen technolo,y 10: "colo,ical economists su,,est that *e c an ,ain better unerstanin, o+ economics an human interactions *ith the environment i+ *e vie* human economies as  )  A: consumer riven B: preservation riven 5) entities that are integrated within natural systems D: entities that are evoi o+ ecosystem characteristics ": consumption riven 11: !hich o+ the +ollo*in, *ill lea to sustainability  A: increasin, ener,y prouction B) reducing consumption and halting population growth 5: increasin, population ,ro*th D: runa*ay consumer ,ro*th ": creatin, inustrial systems that are linear in esi,n an operation 1: !e coul3 in theory3 ma2e all o+ our inustrial processes sustainable i+ *e coul )  A: trans+orm cyclic processes into linear ones B: transform linear processes into circular ones 5: spee up the isposal o+ *astes by eep-*ell inFection D: evelop more raconian policies to re,ulate manu+acturin, ": reuce the use o+ bioe,raable plastics 1: Many proponents o+ sustainability believe that encoura,in, local sel+-su++iciency is important +or builin, sustainable societies because )  A: it eliminates ,overnmental in+luence on local practices B: it +orces citi;ens to loo2 more closely at the ,lobal community 5: when people are tied more closely to the area they live in they will value the area more and seek to sustain its environment and its human communities D: more an more people are ,ro*in, ,arens ": this is not correctG proponents o+ sustainability believe that encoura,in, local sel+-su++iciency *ill pose a threat to builin, sustainable societies 14: Some ar,ue that ,lobali;ation *ill have a ne,ative impact because )  A: it entails multinational corporations attaining greater and greater power over gloal trade B: it entails *ea2ene central po*er as a result o+ homo,eni;ation 5: ,overnments *ill ,ain more po*er D: citi;ens *ill ,ain more po*er ": it *ill ecentrali;e control o+ po*er to many sta2eholers 17: 5olle,e sustainability pro,rams that are inc lusive o+ all sta2eholers are important +or the avancement o+ pro-sustainability le,islation because )  A: corporations employ lobbyists that push politicians into protectin, pro+its B: re,arless o+ *hat they have learne about sustainability3 citi;en action *ill be i,nore by politicians 5: ,overnments ten to thin2 in short-term ,oals D: iniviuals in ,overnments are more interes te in maintainin, personal po*er than the y are in *or2in,

+or their constituency ": more informed citi/ens will form a larger constituency that will use what they have learned aout sustainaility and their voting power to pressure politicians 1: &here is ample reason to hope that *e may achieve sustainability be+ore oin, too much ama,e to our planet3 an to our o*n prospects3 because o+ human )  A: consumption patterns B) ingenuity and determination 5: rationali;ation D: Ea++luen;aE ": procrastination 1@: &he lesson o+ "aster %slan *as that )  A: economics is an important +acilitator o+ sustainable societies ') conservation of resources is necessary for sustainale societies 5: *e never comprehen resource issues until the resources are ,one D: ,rassroots or,ani;ations must be involve to ensure sustainable societies ": political an ,overnmental support are require to ensure sustainable societies 1?: 8ur ,lobal society has a ,reater potential to aress concerns o+ sustainabilit y toay compare to previous societies because )  A: politicians toay propose short-term solutions B: *e have citi;ens *ho vote #) we have many thousands of scientists who study Earths processes and resources closely D: o+ the Bill o+ #i,hts ": *e value ,oos 1>: &o encoura,e corporations to aopt ,reen technolo,ies in a capitalist economy3 citi;ens can  ) ) choose products from companies that adopt sustainale practices B: visibly protest companies that are estructive to the environment 5: choose proucts *ith the lo*est price D: *rite letters to all companies encoura,in, them to aopt ,reen technolo,ies ": atten meetin,s *ith other people *ho esire ,reen technolo,ies 0: An important *ay to alter the perception that protectin, the environment is incompatible *ith economic pro,ress is throu,h )  A) education and collaoration B: consumerism an competition 5: top-o*n ,overnmental manates D: articles in ne*spapers ": pic2etin, an payin, +or ne*spaper as 1: %t is imperative that evelope countries assist evelopin, countries in economic avancement +or sustainability because ) ) there is a direct connection etween poverty and those who suffer the most from environmental degradation B: it is less epensive +or e velopin, countries to manu+acture the consumer ,oos neee by evelope countries 5: it is easier an less epensive to eploit resources in evelopin, countries D: it is easier an less e pensive to create physical an ,overnmental in+rastructure to support heavy inustry in evelopin, countries ": all people in evelopin, countries *elcome the in+lu o+ +orei,n corporations +or economic assistance

: Structures ,iven an H""D platinum ran2in, are )  A: ine++icient an nee to be renovate B: especially hi,h in heavy metal content #) e1emplary in sustainale design D: constructe to +unction *ithout electricity ": +ree o+ lea-containin, materials ((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( 1) A,ricultural activity such as tillin,3 harvestin,3 heatin, an ventilation are irect consumes o+I (a) Energy 9b: Air  9c: Sun 9: 'eat ) !hich o+ the +ollo*in, is not the e++ect o+ moern a,riculture 9a: itrate pollution 9b: "utrophication 9c: Bioma,ni+ication (d) 2/one depletion ) 'ousin, a++ectsI 9a: ei,hbourhoo 9b: "ner,y consumption 9c: !ater consumption (d) ll of the aove 4) &he human activity3 amon, the +ollo*in,3 *hich causes maimum environmental pollution havin, re,ional an ,lobal impacts3 isI 9a: Urbani;ation () Industrialisation 9c: A,riculture 9: Minin, 7) Prouction3 trans+ormation an use o+ ener,y are the maFor problems o+I (a) Industrial activity

9b: Sustainable evelopment 9c: =lobal *armin, 9: Aci rain ) A chemical inustry is not a cause o+I 9a: Air pollution 9b: oise pollution 9c: !ater pollution (d) 3uclear pollution @) "lectronic *aste is the averse e++ect o+I (a) Industry 9b: A,riculture 9c: 'ousin, 9: Minin, ?) "traction o+ mineral an metal +orm the earth isI 9a: A,riculture 9b: &ransportation (c) 4ining 9: Sustainable evelopment >) Uner,roun an open caste is the methos o+I 9a: A,riculture () 4ining 9c: 'ousin, 9: &ransportation 10) &his is not the e++ect o+ transportationI 9a: Air emission 9b: Material consumption

9c: Soli *aste ,eneration (d) cid mine drainage 11) %n "%A the ecision to hol hearin, has to mae *ithinI 9a: 7 ays 9b: 10 ays 9c: 0 ays (d) 5+ days 1) SP5BJs are require to ,ive notice in ho* many ne*spapers mentionin, the ate3 time an place o+ public hearin,I (a) 6 9b: 4 9c:  9: ? 1) KMeetin, the nees o+ the present *ithout compromisin, the ability o+ + uture ,eneration to meet their o*n neeJ is ,iven byI (a) 'rundtland 9b: Mahatma =anhi 9c: Maathai 9: Sunerlal Bahu,ana 14) &he iea o+ sustainable evelopment *as co nceive in earlyI 9a: 1>70 9b: 1>0 9c: 1>@0 (d) 789+ 17) 'o* many a,reement are there in A,ena L 1 9a: 4 () 

9c:  9: @ 1) Sustainable evelopment *ill not aim atI 9a: Social economic evelopment *hich optimise the economic an societal bene+its available in the present3 *ithout spoilin, the li2ely potential +or similar bene+its in the +uture 9b: #easonable an equitable istribute level o+ economic *ell bein, that can be perpetuate continually 9c: Development that meets the nee o+ the present *ithout compromisin, the a bility o+ +uture ,eneration to meet their o*n nees (d) 4a1imising the present day enefits through increased resource consumption 1@) !hich o+ the +ollo*in, statements in relation to sustainable evelopment is not true 9a: Sustainable evelopment is e+ine as the evelopment that meets the nees o+ present *ithout compromisin, the ability o+ our +uture ,enerations to meet their o*n nees () "ustainaility has the main o0ective of purely focussing on the natural environment 9c: Sustainable evelopment o+ various countries a n the entire *orl is the onl y solution le+t *ith man2in to survive +or a lon,er perio on "arth 9: Sustainable evelopment not only consiers the protection o+ the environment but also the maintenance o+ economic viability as *ell as the social an ethical consierations 1?) &he maimum number o+ iniviuals that c an be supporte by a ,iven environment is calle 9a: Biotic potential () #arrying capacity 9c: "nvironmental resistance 9: Population si;e 1>) Supportin, capacity an assimilative capacity are the components o+  (a) #arrying capacity 9b: 'olin, capacity 9c: 5ontainin, capacity 9: 5apturin, capacity 0) Social3 economical an ecolo,ical equit y is the necessary conition +or achievin,

9a: Social evelopment 9b: "conomical evelopment (c) "ustainale development 9: "colo,ical evelopment  Ans*ersI 1) 9a:G ) 9:G ) 9:G 4) 9b:G 7) 9a:G ) 9:G @) 9a:G ?) 9c:G >) 9b:G 10) 9:G 11) 9:G 1) 9a:G 1) 9a:G 14) 9:G 17) 9b:G 1 9:G 1@) 9b:G 1?) 9b:G 1>) 9a:G 0) 9c: (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( 1) Political ecision are mae *ith respect to political FurisictionsG environmental problems i: o+ten transcen these Furisictions ii: respect political bounaries iii: o+ten have little to o *ith re,ional economic ecisions iv: none o+ the above) ) !hich o+ the +ollo*in, +ollo* the concept o+ sustainable evelopment 91: 6ishin, the mature +ish instea o+ the youn, +ish) 9: Usin, *in, po*er instea o+ burnin, coal to ,enerate electricity) 9: &he prohibition o+ train, enan,ere species) i: 91: an 9: only ii: 91: an 9: only iii: 9: an 9: only iv: 91:3 9: an 9: ) !orl "nvironment Day is celebrate onI i: 7th une ii: 1st uly iii: 1st December  iv: 17th September  4) 'e is 2no*n +or his N5hip2o MovementO i: AtalBehari ii: $uleepsin,h iii: SunerlalBahu,una iv: M) 5) Mehta 7) &he eath o+ the last iniviual o+ a species is calle) i: etinction ii: enan,er  iii: neitheri: nor ii: iv: iversity ) Amon, the ,iven options3 *hich one is not correct +or the use o+ lar,e amount o+ +ertilisers an pesticies  i: &hey are eco-+rienly ii: &hey turn the +iels barren a+ter some time

iii: &hey aversely a++ect the use+ul component +rom the soil iv: &hey estroy the soil +ertility @) !hich is not true i: Hithosphere inclues the crust an the uppermost mantle ii: Hithosphere is unerlain by the asthenosphere iii: Hithosphere provies timber  iv: lithosphere is bro2en into tectonic plates ?) Deman +or a resource oes not chan,e *ith the chan,e in  i: iea ii: nee iii: technolo,y iv: economy >) !hich o+ the +ollo*in, is a rene*able resource i: salmon population that is +arm raise ii: sul+ur  iii: li,ht s*eet crue oil shippe + rom Saui Arabia iv: iron ore that is commercially mine 10) 6ertile soil is al*ays a rene*able resource) i: &rue ii: 6alse 11) 8y,en is returne to the atmosphere mainly by  i: respiration ii: photosynthesis iii: +un,i iv: burnin, o+ +uels 1) A rene*able resource is a resource *hich is replace  i: naturally ii: by human iii: by animals iv: all o+ the above 1) Pro,ress that meets the nees o+ the present *ithout compromisin, the ability o+ +uture ,enerations to meet their o*n nees is i:the tra,ey o+ commons) ii:sustainable evelopment) iii:net primary prouctivity 9PP:) iv:the impossibility theorem) 14) Percenta,e o+ total *ater +oun as +resh *ater is  i: ?@)7C ii: )7C iii: >@)7C iv: @7C 17) All o+ the +ollo*in, statements concernin, characteristics o+ preator-prey relationships are correct "5"P&I i: A rise in the population o+ pre y is o+ten +ollo*e by a rise in the population o+ preators) ii A rise in the population o+ preators is +ollo*e by a ecrease in the population o+ prey)

iii: &he population o+ preators most o+ten eliminates the population o+ prey) iv: 5amou+la,e is an aaptation that protects prey) v: &he prouction o+ lar,e numbers o+ o++sprin, *ithin ver y short perios o+ time ensures the survival o+ some prey populations) 1) !hich o+ the +ollo*in, is true about seconary consumers in an ecos ystem i: &hey are +e*er in number than are primary consumers) ii: &hey eat only plants) iii: &hey are eaten by primary consumers) iv &hey are smaller an *ea2er than are primary consumers) v: &hey contain the ,reatest total biomass in the system) 1@) %n an ecosystem3 *hich one sho*s one *ay passa,e i: itro,en ii: 5arbon iii: Potassium iv: 6ree "ner,y 1?) Upper part o+ sea/aquatic ecosystem contains i: Plan2ton ii: e2ton iii: Benthos iv: Plan2ton an e2ton 1>) Hime is ae to the soil *hich is too i: Sany ii: Salty iii: Al2aline iv: Aciic 0) !hich one o+ the +ollo*in, is not use +or e situ plant conservation i: 6iel ,ene ban2s ii: See ban2s iii: Shi+tin, cultivation iv: Botanical =aren 1) &he least porous soil amon, the +ollo*in, is a i: Hoamy soil ii: Silty soil iii: 5layey soil iv: Peaty soil ) !hich one o+ the +ollo*in, is an eample o+ e-situ conservation i: ational par2 ii: !illi+e sanctuary iii: See ban2 iv: Sacre ,roves ) Sacre ,roves are specially use+ul in i: =eneratin, environmental a*areness ii: Preventin, soil erosion iii: Qear-roun +lo* o+ *ater in rivers iv: 5onservin, rare an threatene species

4) &he term Alpha iversity re+ers to i: =enetic iversity ii: 5ommunity an ecosystem iversity iii: Species iversity iv: Diversity amon, the plants 7) !hich o+ the +ollo*in, are li2ely to be present in photochemical s mo, i: Sulphur ioie ii: Sulphur  iii: 5hloro+luorocarbon iv: 8;one 01) !hich o+ the +ollo*in, evices is suitable +or the removal o+ ,aseous pollutants i: 5yclone separator  ii: "lectrostatic precipitator  iii: 6abric +ilter  iv: !et scrubber  0) !hich o+ the +ollo*in, air pollution control evices is suitable +or the removin, the +inest ust +rom the air i: 5yclone separator  ii: "lectrostatic precipitator  iii: 6abric +ilter  iv: !et scrubber  0) Air pollution +rom automobiles can be controlle by +ittin,I i: 5yclone separator  ii: "lectrostatic precipitator  iii: 5atalytic converter  iv: !et scrubber  04) Septic tan2 isI i: An aerobic attache ,ro*th treatment system ii: An aerobic suspene ,ro*th biolo,ical treatment system iii: An anaerobic attache ,ro*th biolo,ical treatment system iv: An anaerobic suspene ,ro*th treatment system 07) oise isI i: Hou soun ii: Soun o+ hi,h +requency iii: Un*ante soun iv: 5onstant soun 0) Aciic eposition ) i: causes o;one epletion ii: is a maFor component o+ inoor air pollution iii: causes eutrophication in streams an rivers iv: o+ten crosses national bounaries3 creatin, international isputes v: is primarily a local problem near point sources 0@) Qou have been hire b y a rapily ,ro*in, small city to improve the air quality3 *hich has eteriorate in the past 10 years) Qour +irst su,,estion is to ) i: try to ne,otiate *ith the lar,e city o*n*in *hose +actories prouce lar,e amounts o+  pollution

ii: ecrease the amount o+ 565s use locally iii: move or close the cattle +ee lots near the river  iv: improve transportation options3 incluin, carpool lanes3 buses3 an li,ht rail v: remove the hyroelectric am on the river  0?) 5losin, o*n 9ecommissionin,: a nuclear po*er plant can cost more than builin, the plant in the +irst place) i: &rue ii: 6alse 0>) 5arbon creit is meant +or  i: De+orestation ii:Protection o+ environment iii: #ural in+rastructure iv: Diamon train, 10) !hich one o+ the +ollo*in, is not true about the term E5A#B8 5#"D%&SE i: A 5arbon creit ,ives the o*ner the ri,ht to emit one tonne o+ carbon ioie) ii: 5arbon creits are a traable permit scheme an can be echan,e bet*een businesseshavin, short o+ quotas or belo* the quotas) iii: &hese can be bou,ht an sol in international/national mar2et at the =ovt) controlle prices) iv:&he nee arises because %nternational treaties s uch as $yoto Protocol set quotas on the amount o+ ,reenhouse ,ases that those countries can prouce) v: All the above are true) 11) &he current practice +or isposal o+ hi,h level *astes +rom nuclear po*er plants is to i: sell the *astes to evelopin, c ountries +or use in their o*n nuclear p o*er plants) ii: bury the *astes eep uner,roun) iii: allo* the military to reprocess the *astes +or nuclear *eapons) iv: rop the *astes into the eepest parts o+ the ocean) v: use the space shuttle to carry the *astes to outer space) 1) 8;one is a pollutant at ,roun level3 but it is a esirable chemical in the stratosphere because it bloc2s an,erous ultraviolet raiation) i: &rue ii: 6alse 1) !hich state has mae it compulsory to harvest rain *ater +or all builin,s i: #aFasthan ii: !est Ben,al iii: &amilnau iv: Maharashtra 14) %n Mumbai3 *hat is the minimum plot area +or *hich rain *ater harvestin, is manatory i: 000 sq m ii: 700 sq m iii: 1000 sq m iv: 1700 sq m 17) !hich one is not ,reenhouse ,as i: 58 ii: 8;one iii: 5'4 iv: 565

1) !hich o+ these countries has the hi,hest per capita carbon ioie emissions i: Unite States ii: Australia iii: Saui Arabia iv: 5hina 1@) &he "nvironment 9Protection: Act3 1>? has relae the rule o+ NHocus StaniO an because o+ such relaation even a common citi;en can approach the 5ourt provie he has ,iven a notice o+---i: 40 ays ii: 0 ays iii: 0 ays iv: 10 ays 1?) %n the commission o+ the o++ence uner this Act by =overnment Department3 the Act hols the 'ea o+ the Department as ,uilty o+ the o++ence unless i: the hea o+ the Department proves that the o++ence *as committe *ithout his 2no*le,e or  that he eercise all ue ili,ence to prevent the commission o+ such o++ence) ii: the hea o+ the Department proves that the o++ence *as committe *ith the 2no*le,e to his superiors iii: the hea o+ the Department *as on tour  iv: the hea o+ the Department *as on leaves 1>) &he "nvironment 9Protection: Act3 1>? --------------- to the o++icers o+ the =overnment +or  any act one uner the provisions o+ this Act or uner the po*ers veste in them or +unctions assi,ne to them uner this Act) i: oes not ,rant immunity ii: ,rants immunity iii: ,rants a*ars iv: ,rants scholarships 0) &he Act ebars the 5ivil 5ourts +rom havin, any Furisiction to entertain any suit or  proceein, in respect o+R i: an action3 ii: irection3 iii: orer issue by 5entral =overnment iv: other statutory authority uner this Act) v: all o+ the above 1) &he !ater 9Prevention an 5ontrol o+ Pollution: Act *as enacte in year  i: 1>?1 ii: 1>? iii: 1>@4 iv: 1>@ ) As compare to all other la*s on environment protection *hich la* is a more e++ective an bol measure to +i,ht the problem o+ pollution i: &he Air 9Prevention an 5ontrol o+ Pollution: Act ii: &he !ater 9Prevention an 5ontrol o+ Pollution: Act iii: &he "nvironment 9Protection: Act iv: ational "nvironment Appellate Authority Act ) &he Air 9Prevention an 5ontrol o+ Pollution: Act *as enacte in year  i: 1>?1

ii: 1>? iii: 1>@4 iv: 1>@ 4) &he "nvironment 9Protection: Act *as enacte in year  i: 1>?1 ii: 1>? iii: 1>@4 iv: 1>@ 7) !hat *oul the $yoto Protocol o i: %t *oul not allo* evelopin, countries li2e 5hina to moi+y their coal-burnin, equipment to prevent +urther increases in carbon ioie levels) ii: %t *oul curb all 58 emissions +rom all countries to brin, them about 17 to 0C o*n +rom the levels reache in 1>>0) iii: %t *oul completely ban prouction o+ 565s) iv: By 013 it *oul curb 58 emissions +rom all evelope countries to brin, them about  to ?C 1) "nvironmental StuiesI i: is an interisciplinary acaemic +iel ii: methoically stuies human interaction *ith the environment iii: inclues the natural environment3 built en vironment3 an the sets o+ relationships bet*een them iv: all o+ the above ) "nvironmental Stuies oes not involveI i: psycholo,y ii: emo,raphy iii: ethics iv: literature ) an Mahotsav is an annual tree-plantin, +estival in %nia3 celebrate onI i: n une ii: 1st uly iii: 1st December  iv: 17th September  4) !hich o+ the +ollo*in, ,lobal trens is o+ ,reat concern +or the +uture o+ our environment i: e,raation o+ +ertile soils ii: chan,es in the ,lobal atmosphere iii: species etinction leain, to the loss o+ bioiversity iv: population ,ro*th an increasin, per c apita consumption o+ resources v: all o+ the above 7) !hich is +alse about biosphere i: %t is the ,lobal sum o+ all ecosystems ii: %t can also be calle the ;one o+ li+e on "arth iii: %t oes not contain microbes iv: %t has evolve at least some )7 billion years a,o ) !hich option belo* is not an eample o+ pollution i: smo, in Delhi ii: nuclear *aste

iii: overpopulation iv: untreate se*a,e @) !hich one is not a isavanta,e o+ a bi, am i: etremely epensive ii: +looin, o+ prime arable lan iii: electric ener,y ,enerate +rom h yropo*er  iv: bloc2in, upstream mi,ration o+ salmon v: *ater loss *ith evaporation ?) &his area has no permanent roas or settlements an is maintaine primarily +or its primitive character an non-motori;e recreation) %t is a ) i: *ilerness area ii: primitive recreation area iii: national par2 iv: national +orest >) !hich is true i: 8y,en content may not ,et reuce i+ +orest cover is not su++icient on the earth ii: 6orests can be sai to behave li2e non-rene*able resources i+ not overuse) iii: 6ishes are capable o+ reproucin, at the rate at *hich they are be in, cau,ht) iv: one o+ the above v: All o+ the above 10) on-rene*able resources3 once use  i: remain on earth in a i++erent +orm ii: become *aste material iii: are recycle iv: all o+ the above v: none o+ the above 11) !hich one o+ the +ollo*in, is an eample o+ non-rene*able resources i: !in ii: e,etation iii: 5oal an minerals iv: !ater  1) !hich one o+ the +ollo*in, is not a +ossil +uel i: Petroleum ii: 5oal iii: atural ,as iv: Uranium 1)  is the maFor ra* material +or bio,as) i: &ree leaves ii: =rass iii: 5o* un, iv: !aste +rom 2itchen 14) &otal earth.s sur+ace covere by *ater is  i: @7C ii: ?0C iii: 0C iv: 7C

17) !hat is true o+ "cosystem i: Primary consumers are least epenent upon proucers ii: Primary consumers outnumber proucers iii: Proucers are more than primary consumers iv: Seconary consumers are lar,est an po*er+ul 1) Pic2 up the correct +oo chain i: ,rass-chameleon-insect-bir ii: ,rass-+o-rabbit-bir iii: +allen leaves-bacteria-insect larvae iv: phytoplan2ton-;ooplan2ton-+ish 1@) Association o+ animals *hen both partners are bene+ite i: Mutualism ii: 5olony iii: 5ommensalism iv: Ammensalism 1?) &he ominant secon trophic level in a la2e ecosystem is i: Plan2ton ii: Phytoplan2ton iii: Benthos iv: Tooplan2ton 1>) &he percenta,e o+ +orest cover recommene b y the ational 6orest policy 91>??: is i: C +or plains an @C +or hills ii: @C +or plains an C +or hills iii: 0C +or plains an @0C +or hills iv: C +or plains an @@C +or hills 0) Select the correct statement about bioiversity i: &he esert areas o+ #aFasthan an =uFarat have a very hi,h level o+ esert animal species as *ell as numerous rare animals ii: Har,e scale plantin, o+ B& cotton has no averse e++ect on bioiversity iii: !estern =hats have a very hi,h e,ree o+ species richness an enemism iv: 5onservation o+ bioiversity in Fust a +a pursue by the evelope countries 1) &he #e Data Boo2 maintains a r ecor o+ the i: Plants an animals present in the *hole *orl ii: #elationship bet*een man an biosphere iii: Plants an animals *hich are 2no*n to be enan,ere iv: 6orest *ealth in the *hole *orl ) %n a national par2 protection is ,iven to i: &he entire +lora ii: &he entire +auna iii: &he plants an animals iv: &he entire ecosystem ) &he phenomenon o+ the entry o+ toic chemicals into the +oo chains an more concentrate at hi,her trophic levels is calle i: Biolo,ical control ii: bioma,ni+ication

iii: Al,al bloom iv: #e tie 4) Bharatpur bir sanctuary is situate in i: $erala ii: $arnata2a iii: =uFarat iv: #aFasthan 7) !hich o+ the +ollo*in, is an air pollutant i: itro,en ii: 5arbon iii: 5arbon monooie iv: 8y,en ) !hich o+ the +ollo*in, is a seconary air pollutant i: 8;one ii: 5arbon ioie iii: 5arbon monooie iv: Sulphur ioie @) Durin, %nversionI i: &emperature increases *ith altitue ii: &emperature ecreases *ith altitue iii: &emperature remains constant iv: one o+ the above ?) !hich o+ the +ollo*in, on inhalation issolve in the bloo hemo,lobin more rapily than oy,en i: Sulphur ioie ii: 5arbon mono-oie iii: 8;one iv: itrous oie >) &aFMahal is sai to be su++erin, +rom EMarble 5ancer E ) !hat is Marble 5ancer i: Aciic #ain *hich corroes marble) ii: Har,e number o+ 6un,us in &aF Mahal marbles iii: Qello*in, o+ the marble on account o+ Soot particles iv: Smo2es +illin, the &aF Mahal +rom aFoinin, inustries 0) DD& is i: =reen house ,as ii: on-e,raable pollutant iii: De,raable pollutant iv: one o+ these 1) =reenhouse e++ect is cause by i: =reen plants ii: %n+rare rays iii: U rays iv: -rays ) 'o* the biolo,ical oy,en eman ,ets a++ecte *ith the increase presence o+ or,anic matter in *ater

i: the oy,en eman increases ii: the oy,en eman ecreases iii: the oy,en eman remains unchan,e iv: one o+ the above ) Har,e cities in evelope countries are impossible *ithout automobile o*nership by a hi,h percenta,e o+ the citiesJ resients) i: &rue ii: 6alse 4) 5ity *ellers must rely on ru ral areas +or prouction o+ all o+ their +oostu++s) i: &rue ii: 6alse 7) A sin,le person can not help in e++orts to *or2 to*ars a sustainable society) i: &rue ii: 6alse ) Shi+tin, bac2 to a more locali;e prouction o+ +oo an other resources *oul lea to all o+  the +ollo*in,3 ecept i: reuce local environmental sustainability ii: more stable source o+ Fobs an income iii: more pro+its circulatin, *ithin each community iv: reuce transportation +uel use v: reuce ,reenhouse ,as emissions @) !hich o+ the +ollo*in, *oul not traitionally support an environmental-+rienly economy i: Shi+t taes +rom *a,es an pro+its to pollution an *aste) ii: %mprove ener,y e++iciency) iii: Shi+t +rom a carbon-base economy to a rene*able +uel-base economy) iv: #epair ecolo,ical ama,e) v: Decrease subsiies +or alternative +uel vehicles) ?) !hich o+ the +ollo*in, is not true o+ *atershe mana,ement i: !atershe mana,ement is continuous an nees a multiisciplinary a pproach ii: A *atershe mana,ement +rame*or2 supports partnerin,3 usin, soun science3 ta2in, *ell planne actions an achievin, results iii: !atershes are natural systems that *e can *or2 *ith iv: !atershes are a type o+ builin, +or storin, b ottle *ater  >) !hat is a *atershe i: area o+ lan that *ater +lo*s across as it moves to*ar a lar,er *ater boy ii: area o+ lan +rom *hich *ater rains to a particular *ater boy iii: moisture release +rom clous in the +orm o+ rain3 sno*3 hail3 etc) iv: bothi: an ii: 40) !hich is not a treatment measures +or *atershe evelopment i: 5ontour bunin, ii: =ravity am iii: 5ontour trenchin, iv: 5ontour stone *alls v: Bench terraces

41) A sustainable society i: returns to a more primitive style o+ livin,) ii: meets the nees an aspirations o+ the present *ithout compromisin, those o+ the +uture) iii: curtails all +urther evelopment) iv: continues as al*ays an assumes that thin,s *ill *or2 out +or the best) v: is inconsistent *ith the ,oals o+ environmentalism) 4) #ain *ater harvestin, is not  i: catchin, an holin, rain *here it +alls an usin, it ii: storin, it in tan2s iii: rechar,in, ,roun*ater  iv: harvestin, the crops *ith rain *ater  4) &he "nvironment Protection Act3 1>? oes not provie i: a +rame*or2 +or the co-orination o+ central an state authorities establishe uner the !ater  9Prevention an 5ontrol: Act3 1>@4 an Air 9Prevention an 5ontrol: Act3 1>?1) ii: po*er to state ,ovt) +or protection an improvement o+ environment iii: po*er to the central ,overnment to ta2e measures necessary to protect an improve the quality o+ the environment iv: none o+ the above v: all o+ the above 44) Uner "PA 1>?3 the central ,overnment is empo*ere to ta2e measures necessary to protect an improve the quality o+ the environment by i: settin, stanars +or emissions an ischar,es ii: re,ulatin, the location o+ inustries iii: mana,ement o+ ha;arous *astes iv: none o+ the above v: all o+ the above 47) As per "PA 1>?3 "nvironment oes 8& inclue i: air  ii: space iii: lan iv: *ater  4) Match correctly the +ollo*in, an choose the correct option a) "nvironment Protection Act A) 1>@4 b) Air Prevention  5ontrol o+ Pollution Act B) 1>?@ c) !ater Act 5) 1>? ) Amenment o+ Air Act to inclue noise D) 1> ?1 &he correct matches isG i: A b3 B a3 5 3 D c ii: A c3 B b3 5 3 D a iii: A c3 B 3 5 a3 D b iv: A c3 B b3 5 3 D a 4@) 5hapter  o+ "nvironment 9Protection: Act3 1>? eals *ith i: =eneral Po*ers o+ the 5entral =overnment ii: Prevention3 5ontrol3 an Abatement o+ "nvironmental Pollution iii: Miscellaneous iv: Preliminary

4?) &he minimum penalty +or contravention or violation o+ any provision o+ the "nvironment 9Protection: Act3 1>? is i: an imprisonment +or a term *hich may eten to seven years or +ine up to one la2h rupees3 or  both ii: an imprisonment +or a term *hich may eten to +ive years or +ine up to one la2h rupees3 or  both iii: an imprisonment +or a term *hich may eten to si years or +ine up to t*o la2h rupees3 or  both iv: an imprisonment +or a term *hich may eten to +ive years or +ine up to t*o la2h rupees3 or  both 4>) &he Act also provies +or the +urther penalty i+ the +ailure or contravention continues a+ter  the ate o+ conviction) %t is i: #s 7000 per *ee2 ii: #s 10000 per *ee2 iii: #s 10000 per ay iv: #s 7000 per ay 70) &he 5entral =overnment or any other person uly authorise is empo*ere to collect the samples o+ --------as evience o+ the o++ences uner the "nvironment 9Protection: Act3 1>?) i: air  ii: *ater  iii: soil iv: any substance