Mastografo GE (Instrumentarium) Alpha RT

Performa, Alpha RT, RT, Alpha IQ, Alpha ST, ST, Alpha III

Service M

Performa, Alpha IQ, RT, ST, ST, III

Service Manual

TABLE OF CONTENTS 3

FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION .......................................................................... 3-1 3.1 3.2

SOFTWARE BLOCK DIAGRAM BLOCK DIAGRAM ........................................................... 3-1 KEYBOARD FUNCTIONS ...................................................................... 3-1

3.2.1

Main modes (nor-, SER- and Pr -mode)........................................... Pr -mode)........................................... 3-1

3.2.2

Program (Pr) mode .......................................... ................................................................. ................................. .......... 3-3

3.2.3

Service prog Service program ram menu..................................................................... 3-4 3.2.3.1 SETUP-mode (SUP and Par programs; programs; see 3.1) .................... 3-7 3.2.3.2 Calibrations (see section 7 software block software block diagram) diagram) .............. 3-8

3.3

3.2.3.3 Diagnostics (see 3.1)..........................................................

3-10

3.2.3.4 Integrated Quality Control History.....................................

3-10

3.2.3.5 AEC adjustment param adjustment parameters............................................... eters...............................................

3-11

USING THE SERIAL PORT IN FOR COMMUNICATION FOR COMMUNICATION ............... 3-15

3.3.1

The Cable....................... Cable ................................................. ................................................. ..................................... .............. 3-15

3.3.2

Communication proto Communication protocol col ............................................ ................................................................ .................... 3-16

3.3.3

Data formats.......................... formats................................................. .............................................. ................................. .......... 3-16

Service Manual


3.4.4

3.4.5

3.5

3.4.3.9 Tube housing assembly.......................................................

3-32

3.4.3.10 X-ray tube bias tube bias circuit (M101G).......................................

3-32

Motor contro Motor control..................... l............................................. ............................................... ....................................3-3 .............3-34 4 3.4.4.1 Motor control Motor control - general.......................................................

3-34

3.4.4.2 C&Z DRIVER BOARD DRIVER BOARD .....................................................

3-34

3.4.4.3 Back up Back up release ..................................................................

3-36

3.4.4.4 Anode motor ...................................................................... motor ......................................................................

3-37

3.4.4.5 Bucky motor ...................................................................... motor ......................................................................

3-37

Automatic exposure control (AEC) ................................................3-38 3.4.5.1 AEC - general.....................................................................

3-38

3.4.5.2 The Detector ...................................................................... Detector ......................................................................

3-38

3.4.5.3 AEC BOARD.....................................................................

3-38

3.4.5.4 The CPU ................................................. ......................................................................... ........................... ...

3-39

DESCRIPTION OF CONTROL ELECTRONICS ...............................3-40

3.5.1

Mains transformer and transformer and SUPPLY board SUPPLY board ..........................................3-40

Performa, Alpha IQ, RT, ST, III

4.3

5

Service Manual

MECHANICAL CHECKS..................................................................... 4-11

4.3.1

Compression system...................................................................... 4-11

4.3.2

C-arm rotation brake ...................................................................... 4-11

4.3.3

Column and carriage...................................................................... 4-11

4.3.4

Compression force checking.......................................................... 4-11

4.3.5

Testing the x-ray field illumination................................................ 4-11

TROUBLESHOOTING & ERROR MESSAGES ............................................... 5-1 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4

Error message chart.................................................................................. 5-1 Useful information to have when calling for assistance........................... 5-2 E.01 Error message explanation............................................................... 5-3 E.02 Error message explanation............................................................... 5-4

5.4.1 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 5.10

Testing of the new Performa, Alpha generator................................. 5-5

5.4.2 Testing of the old Alpha generator................................................... 5-6 E.03 Error message explanation............................................................... 5-7 E.04 Error message explanation............................................................... 5-8 E.05 Error message explanation (software 5.08 and higher)...................5-9 E.06 ERROR MESSAGE EXPLANATION ............................................5-9 E.07 ERROR MESSAGE EXPLANATION ............................................5-9 E.08 ERROR MESSAGE EXPLANATION 5-10

Service Manual

5.38 5.39

5.40 5.41 5.42 6


AEC Inoperative......................................................................................5-17 Software diagnostic mode .......................................................................5-18

5.39.1 Entering Diagnostic Mode .............................................................

5-18

5.39.2 Error readout..................................................................................

5-18

5.39.3 Switch and signal status display .....................................................

5-19

SUPPLY VOLTAGES.............................................................................5-20 Grid lines..................................................................................................5-21 ECS Trouble shooting .............................................................................5-22

REPAIR INSTRUCTIONS .................................................................................. 6-1 6.1 6.2

FUSE RATING / LOCATION CHART.................................................. 6-1 COLUMN REPAIR.................................................................................. 6-2

6.2.1

Tilt down the column ....................................................................... 6-2

6.2.2

Replacing the floor plate.................................................................. 6-2

6.2.3

Replacing the Z-motor ..................................................................... 6-3

6.2.4

Replacing the column cap ................................................................ 6-4

6.2.5

Replacing the mechanical stopper .................................................... 6-6

6.2.6

Replacing the wires....

6-6


Service Manual

6.5.5

Replacing the x-ray tube................................................................ 6-19

6.5.6

Replacing the high voltage unit ...................................................... 6-19

6.5.7

Replacing the AMD board............................................................. 6-19

6.5.8

Replacing the compression motor.................................................. 6-20

6.5.9

Replacing the compression system................................................. 6-20

6.5.10 Replacing the compression thickness measurement potentiometer .. 6-20 6.5.11 Replacing the compression force measurement system (str. gages) . 6-20 6.5.12 Replacing the C-arm angulation measurement system (trim pot) ....

6-20

6.5.13 Replacing the cassette holder base cover ........................................

6-23

6.5.14 Replacing the cassette holder base..................................................

6-23

6.5.15 Replacing the collimator................................................................

6-25

6.5.16 Replacing the light field bulb.........................................................

6-25

6.5.17 Replacing the beam filter mechanism .............................................

6-26

6.5.18 Replacing the compression display board .......................................

6-26

6.5.19 Replacing the detector display board ..............................................

6-26

6.5.20 ECS repair

6-27


Service Manual

PERFORMA, ALPHA SERVICE MANUAL CONTENTS 3

FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION 3.1

SOFTWARE BLOCK DIAGRAM PROGRAM VERSION 7.30 - See Section 7.23

3.2

KEYBOARD FUNCTIONS

3.2.1

Main modes (nor-, SER- and Pr -mode)

Exposure and other functions are possible only in main modes: nor and, SEr mode. When the power is switched on to the device, the program is in nor(=user)-mode, which functions as explained in this manual. In SEr(=service)-mode certain checks like the presence of the cassette holder, cassette, and diaphragm are bypassed so that service personnel can test the device without any delays. In service mode the kV and mAs display shows the AEC integration time in ms. If the AUTOREL button is pressed the timer display shows the exposure time and the kV display shows the kV (Normally timer display shows SEr).

Service Manual


The main functions achieved from the panel are listed below. The field "display" indicates what is seen in the display. '&' means simultaneous pressing. KEY

FUNCTION

DISPLAY

kV+

Increase kV

kV

kV-

Decrease kV

kV

mAs+

Increase mAs, not in AEC, go to IQC

mAs

mAs-

Decrease mAs, not in AEC, go to IQC

mAs

DEN+

Increase exposure time by 10%

DEN

DEN-

Decrease exposure time by 10%

DEN

AUTOREL

Set automatic release on/off In SEr-mode display exp.time

AUTOEXP

Switch between AEC-modes

AUTOREL led TIMER AUTO EXP led, leds for a,b,c

DEN-& kV-

Switch between SEr- and nor-mode Switch from AEC- to nor-mode

manual

and

TIMER 'Ser'


3.2.2

Service Manual

Program (Pr) mode

This mode can be entered from nor- and SEr-mode. Usually this is done when the unit is installed to adjust exposure parameters to the conditions at the site. The preset kV can be programmed in semi AEC mode from 23 to 35 kV for bucky and cassette tunnel, and 25-35 for magnification. The film/screen combinations (FI) are: mAs-display

film

cassette/screen

FI1

Min - RE

Min - R (Kodak/Kodak)

FI2

Microvision

Min - R (Dupont/Kodak)

FI3

Min - RE

Min - R/Medium

FI4

AGFA MR3+

AGFA MR Detail

FI5

Fuji M-1

Fuji MI-MA

HI-Mammo M1 FI6

Konica

AGFA MR Detail

In manual mode default kVs can be programmed from 20 to 35 kV. Pressing AUTOREL sends all the data for all

after last RESET to

Service Manual

3.2.3


Service program menu

Service program menu contains special programs for system setups, calibration and diagnostics. The menu can be entered from service mode by pressing Den+ & Den- buttons simultaneously for approximately one second. In the kV display you will see the program number and in the mAs display the program name. You can scroll the available programs with kV+ and kV buttons. To enter the desired program press the Autoexp button. Return to the menu from the special programs with Autoexp button. To leave the menu and enter the service mode press density+ and density- buttons simultaneously. To resume the normal operation (nor-mode) press kV-and density- buttons simultaneously for 3 seconds. List of special programs: Program #

Program name

Description

51

Pr

Density and default value programming

52

SUP

Set up parameter programming

53

Par

Performa, Alpha parameter programming


Setup parameters:

The unit setup parameters can be altered in two programs: In the setup section (program #52 SUP): A L H i F

Compression auto-release time Label type Label text i/o device Default filter selection

In the unit parameter section (program #53 Par) S C r b t I d

Serial number of the unit Country code Tube Efficiency mo/rh (mR/mAs) Anode braking mode Mode (Performa/III/ST/RT/IQ) Collimator select C-arm Control board select

Service Manual

Service Manual


The Integrated Quality Control program (Software version 7.27 and up):

#63 iqc

Integrated Quality Control Program

The AEC Adjustment and parameters programs (Software version 7.27 and up):

#64 AEC #65 tAr

AEC parameters AEC Target Time Adjustment Program


Service Manual

3.2.3.1 SETUP-mode (SUP and Par programs; see 3.1) Factory installation data (can also be set in the field) has 12 alterable items. Items to be set up are: parameter DENSITYdisplay

range

default value

Par 1

S

0-9999

Par 2

C

9-16

10

Par 3

r

0-25.5

-

description

Serial number of the unit Country code mR/mAs output @25kV Separate for Mo/Rh

Par 4

b

0-1

0

Anode brake mode (1=on/0=off)

Par 5

t

1-5

4

Mode, (1=AlphaIII, 2=Performa/RT/IQ, (Full-Man), 3=Performa/RT/IQ(SemiMan), 4=Performa/RT/IQ(Full-Semi-Man), 5=Performa/RT/IQ(Semi-Full-Man)).

Par 6

I

0-1

1

Collimator select (1= interlock, 0= noninterlock)

Par 7

d

0-1

0

0=C-arm control board (32310), 1=CD board (32010)

SUP 1

A

0-25

6

Auto release time, (seconds)

Service Manual


KEY

FUNCTION

DISPLAY AFF.

kV+ &kV-

Scrolls the parameters to be set

DEN

DEN+

Increase parameter value

kV& mAs

mAs+

ONLY IN "h" Next character position

kV & mAs

DEN-

Decrease parameter value

kV& mAs

mAs-

"h" ONLY IN character position

kV & mAs

Autoexp

Switch back to program menu

Previous

Press Autoexp to leave the program and return to the special program menu. To store the new values press Density + and Density - simultaneously until service mode is entered. Press kV- and Density- until normal mode is entered. Cut the power from the mains switch for few seconds. 3.2.3.2 Calibrations (see section 7 software block diagram) C-arm angle display calibration


Service Manual

Enter the special program menu as described previously and select program #55 Cfo with kV+ and kV- buttons. Press Autoexp button to enter this program. The timer display will show Cfo and kV and mAs displays will show to 50. Make a compression of 50 N. Press Autorel; the 50 N level is now programmed. The control unit shows to 200. Make a compression of 200 N. If you have a different level of compression you can change the display with density +/- buttons. (You can abort the programming and return to the program menu with Autoexp button). Press Autorel. If the calibration was successful the mAs display will show PAS and you are returned to the program menu. If the calibration did not succeed you will be returned to the beginning and to 50 will displayed again. Compression thickness display calibration

The compression thickness display can be calibrated with special program #56 Cth. Enter the special program menu as described previously and select program #56 Cth with kV+ and kV- buttons. Press Autoexp button to enter this program. The timer display will show Cth and kV and mAs displays will show to 00.

Service Manual


3.2.3.3 Diagnostics (see 3.1) The programs #58 -#62 are for system diagnosis. In Pr #58 CEC the following counters can be checked: # exposures, E01, E02, E03, E04, E06, E07,E08, E09, E10, E11, E12, S.Lo, Er1, Er2, Er3, Er4, Er5, EAF, SYS and Err (last error). KEY

FUNCTION

AUTOEXP

Enter or quit program

kV+/mAs+

Scroll counters

DISPLAY AFF.

error count

Reset the displayed counter

kV and mAs

In #59 Cin program all the input-ports can be examined in the input-ports check routine and the following internal counters for errors can be examined and RESET in the error- exposure counter routine: KEY

FUNCTION

DISPLAY AFF.

AUTOEXP

Enter input-ports check routine

Lo -> Hi = line ok


Service Manual

3.2.3.5 AEC adjustment parameters Functional description of AEC full automatic mode

The initial kV is automatically selected based on the compressed breast thickness. In the beginning of the exposure the first estimation of the exposure time at initial kV is made by measuring the radiation coming through the breast. Based on this, the kV is automatically changed up or down, if necessary, to meet the target time. If the kV is changed, a second estimation of the exposure time at this kV is made by measuring the radiation and the kV is automatically changed again, if necessary, to meet the target time. After the exposure the final kV is displayed. The Auto kV performance can be optimized and configured according to the user preferences. The configurable items are the initial kV (initial kV versus breast thickness table), amount of allowable kV change (Max kV change in Pr-mode, enter from normal mode with Den+/Den- 3sec.) and desired exposure time range (target time). In program #64 AEC, parameter I determines the min/max values for target time. The target time is setup in program # 65 tAr by giving two thicknesses and the respective desired exposure times. The target times for other thicknesses are calculated with linear estimation. The system selects the kV so that the desired target time can be reached. The maximum allowable kV-change is more limiting, however, and thus a different exposure time than the target time may result.

Service Manual


Compensation curve slope parameters S1 and S2

Parameters S1 and S2 determine the curve slope for exposure times shorter or longer than the rotation point respectively. S1 determines the slope at the point where exposure time is lower than the rotation point . S2 determines the amount of compensation at exposure time higher than the rotation point . Refer to the curves below for effects of the S parameters. The rotation point is 1.0 seconds and the amount of rotation (r1 and r2) is 0.8, 0.9, 1.1 or 1.2 (= 80%, 90%, 110%, 120%). Default values are 200 for both. Compensation curve slope parameters S1 and S2

Parameters S1 and S2 determine the curve slope for exposure times shorter or longer than the rotation point respectively. S1 determines the slope at the point where exposure time is lower than the rotation point . S2 determines the amount of compensation at exposure time higher than the rotation point . Refer to the curves below for effects of the S parameters. The rotation point is 1.0 seconds and the amount of rotation (r1 and r2) is 0.8, 0.9, 1.1 or 1.2 (= 80%, 90%, 110%, 120%). Default values are 200 for both. 1.4 1.3 1.2

r = 1.

S 700 S =600 S = 500 S = 350 S = 200 S = 100

1.4

= 700 S=0

1.3

r2 = 1.2 1.2

June 2000

3-12

31687


Service Manual

In programs #64 AEC and #65 tAr the AEC is adjusted. KEY

FUNCTION

kV+&-

Scroll parameters

DEN+ & -

To change the value of the parameter

Parameters to be set in program #64 AEC are: parameter

range

default value

description

d

0.1-2.55

1.3

h

0 /23-35

27

I

Small focus: 0.30-10.00 Large focus: 0.30-5.00 -

MIN/MAX (SF): 0.50/5.00 MIN/MAX (LF): 0.50/3.50

Wanted optical density (iqc) (only in Performa/RT/IQ) IQC-kV programming (only in Performa/RT/IQ) 0=sensitometry based iqc, 23-35=phantom based iqc. Target time MIN/MAX values in full automatic exposure (only in Performa/RT/IQ). NOTE: Separate target times for different Cassette holder/filter combinations. Thickness compensation parameters. Press autorel to scroll P,r1,r2,S1,S2.

c

-

Service Manual


To adjust target times: 1.

2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Go into program #65 tAr (press autoexp) You will see in density display 0, in kV display the compressed thickness and in mAs display the target time for the compressed thickness. You can check the target times for different thicknesses now by driving the paddle. Drive the paddle to 1.5 cm. Press Autorel Change the value with Den +/- buttons (Default 0.50 sec.). Press Autorel to accept Drive paddle to 9.5 cm Change the value with Den +/- buttons (Default 2.40 sec.). Press Autorel to accept. You will see PAS or ERR depending on the new values if they were acceptable or not.

When to adjust target times: AEC adjustment Problem

No contrast large breasts

with

uick fix guide Probable Reason

Action

Comments

Full AEC kVs with large breasts too high.

Increase the Target time with large breast thickness. (Pr# 65 tAr program)

Results in lower kV with large breasts


Service Manual

3.3

USING THE SERIAL PORT IN FOR COMMUNICATION

3.3.1

The Cable

For the cable, there are two options because there are two ways to connect a serial port of a PC. Some older models of personal computers use a 25-pin D-connector for serial communications while normally 9-pin connector is used. The cable for both options is illustrated below:

Alpha/Performa

Service Manual

3.3.2


Communication protocol

The serial connection is an ordinary asynchronous receiver/transmitter. The serial port is initialized in Performa, ALPHA III/ST/RT/IQ as follows: 1200 baud (9600 baud with 5.09 software and if Dataview is connected) 8 data bits no parity (always 0) 1 stop bit

The effect of the 'no parity bit' and the stop bit is a total of two stop bits, so receiving end must be configured correspondingly. The data byte looks the following: START

8-BIT DATA

2 STOP

The data can be received with a communications program (for example Procomm) to PC and be printed afterwards on paper. This might be more convenient than a printer with RS 2 because it is not a standard equipment. 3.3.3

Data formats


Service Manual

INSTRUMENTARIUM Imaging, MGF 101/110 information, SW v.7.30, 01-Jan-2000 ======================================================================== DEVICE#: 08224 ALPHA MODE: RT(4) COUNTRY CODE: 010 ANODE BRAKING IS OFF CARM BOARD: MCU RADIATION EFFECIENCY 10.2(Mo), 08.1(Rh) mR/mAs at 25 kV AUTOREL TIME(s): 006 SW gain for AEC-board: 1.00 LABEL TYPE: 000 I/O DEVICE: PRINTER LABEL TEXT IS:

IQC multiplier: 1.00 IQC MODE: NO EXPOSURE WANTED DENSITY: 1.30 DEFAULT FILTER: Molybdenium EXPOSURE COUNTER: 0001276 ERROR CNT: E01 E02 E03 E04 E07 E08 E09 E10 00000 00000 00003 00000 00000 00000 00010 00005 E11 E12 SLO ER1 ER2 ER3 ER4 ER5 EAF SYS 00016 00013 00000 00000 00001 00000 00000 00000 00050 00000 PROGRAMMED VALUES: Full BUCKY(Mo) MAGN(Mo) CONTACT(Mo) kV f/s den kV f/s den kV f/s den A= 00004 00001 00007 00004 00001 00007 00000 00004 00007 B= 00004 00001 00007 00004 00001 00007 00004 00001 00007 C= 00004 00001 00007 00004 00001 00007 00004 00001 00007 BUCKY(Rh) MAGN(Rh) CONTACT(Rh) kV f/s den kV f/s den kV f/s den A= 00004 00001 00007 00004 00001 00007 00004 00001 00007 B= 00004 00001 00007 00004 00001 00007 00004 00001 00007 C= 00004 00001 00007 00004 00001 00007 00004 00001 00007 PROGRAMMED VALUES: Semi BUCKY(Mo) MAGN(Mo) CONTACT(Mo) kV f/s den kV f/s den kV f/s den A= 00027 00001 00007 00027 00001 00007 00027 00001 00007

Service Manual


2)

After each exposure the exposure data is sent to serial port if the L parameter (in SETUP) is > 0. If the L-parameter (in SETUP) is 1 the data is printed on one line, for example:

02693,01429,335,027,00234,7,7,1,100,080,150,001,Rh,0 0123, OK ,B,FULL 02693 01429 335 027 00234 7 7 1 100 080 150 001 Rh 00123 OK B

Exposure counter integration time exposure time kV true mAs programmed density density film/screen IQC -multiplier compression thickness compression force angle of C-Arm Filter dose error code technique ( M / N )


Service Manual

If the L-parameter is 2 the consecutive labels are printed 5 rows apart If the L-parameter is 3 the consecutive labels are printed 3 rows apart L=4 and L=5 include exposure information and are used for testing purposes only.

3.4

THEORY OF OPERATIONS

3.4.1

Process controller

3.4.1.1 The CPU BOARD The CPU board is the heart of Performa, ALPHA III/ST/RT/IQ. It controls every function in the unit, except the ROTATIONAL BRAKE. The 8031 microprocessor on the CPU board controls kV GENERATION ,mA GENERATION (via the FILAMENT CONTROL board) and the rest of the functions through latches and buffers directly and uses a keyboard controller (8279) to handle the control panel.. The I/O-control (latches and buffers) controls the vertical drive motor, compression motor, bucky, anode motor, foot switches, microswitch reading, and the AEC. The 8279 reads and decodes the control panel switches, as well as drives the control panel display.

Service Manual



3.4.2

Service Manual

User interface

3.4.2.1 Switch and microswitch reading The control panel switches on the PERFORMA, ALPHA III/ST/RT/IQ are configured in a row/column matrix (fig. 3.1) that is strobed and read by the CPU board. D15 on the CPU board is an 8279, which is a keyboard controller. It will strobe each column looking for a return on one of the rows, which it will only find when a switch is pressed. For example, if the circled switch is closed, the resulting timing chart will be as given in fig. 3.2. S0

S1

S2

S0

S7

S1 R0

S2 S3

R1

S4 S5

R2

S6 S7 R0 R1 R2

R7

R3

Service Manual


3.4.2.3 Cassette sensing CASOPTO BOARD Cassette sensing is accomplished by using two (one in optipoint) optical sensors (fig. 3.3). Each sensor has two halves, an infrared source and an infrared detector.

Figure 3.3.

Cassette sensing

The cassette bottom forms the reflective surface needed. There is a green LED which comes on to indicate that the cassette is being sensed and the CASNORsignal is sent to the CPU. 3.4.2.4 Cassette holder sensing CSENSE BOARD The cassette holder sensor has four reed relays in it, three of them (CHL,CHR and K4) are used to decode cassette holders for the CPU. The fourth read relay (CHON) ensures the cassette holder is completely attached. The identification is done with magnets attached to the holders.


3.4.3

X-RAY GENERATION AND CONTROL

Service Manual

Service Manual


3.4.3.1 INVERTER BOARD INVERTER BOARD The INVERTER Board controls the high voltage (kV) generation. The kV level is digitally set by set by the CPU boar CPU board. d. The Inverter Board Inverter Board contains a high voltage and a low voltage section. The high voltage section is isolated from the low voltage section with pulse with pulse transformers TF1, TF2 and relays K1,K2. WARNING! Voltages in the high voltage part of the of the INVERTER Board INVERTER Board are deadly. The peak to peak to peak voltage peak voltage exceeds 700V in normal operation. High voltage section:

The high voltage section consists of a MOSFET transistor H-bridge which converts the rectified line voltage (+310 VDC) into high frequency current. This current is taken to the HIGH VOLTAGE UNIT where it is transformed into high voltage. The inductors L1, L2 and capacitor C8 act as parts of resonant circuit which shapes the bridge bridge current. The RMS value of the current is controlled by the H-bridge's operating frequency. The MOSFET driving pulses are generated at the low voltage section of the board and are provided provided by by the pulse the pulse transformers TF1 and TF2.


Service Manual

EXPENA signal: An exposure is initiated by initiated by the CPU BOARD by BOARD by activation of the EXPENA signal. This enables puls enables pulsee transformer drivers (ICA5, ICA6) and allows the kV reference signal to rise provi rise providing ding "soft start". TUBEFAIL signal: TUBEFAIL signal is activated if the kVFB signal does not reach the kV reference. This typically occurs during a high voltage breakdown. breakdown. A SHUTDOWN for the for the kV control is prov is provided. ided. As the high voltage brea voltage breakdow kdown n is characteristic to x-ray tubes, and hence may occur during occur during normal operation, the exposure is continued with a new activation of the of the EXPENA signal. The CPU Board allows three (3) tube failures per exposure before before an error message (E02) is displayed. Test Switch: Test switch S1 allows an exposure sequence to continue regardless of the kVFB signal. In "TEST" positio "TEST" position n the TUBEFAIL signal is forced down . Note!

The Test Switch S1 should always be at "NORMAL" position whenever the high voltage part of the of the INVERTER BOARD INVERTER BOARD is energized. Failing to do this may damage the INVERTER BOARD, INVERTER BOARD, HIGH VOLTAGE UNIT and the X-RAY TUBE.

Service Manual


kV reference: The level of the used kV is set by the CPU BOARD with signals DATA0 DATA7. This 8 bit digital word contains the kV reference . The kV reference is converted into an analog signal in D/A converter ICA2 (TP24).

The analog kV reference (TP24) and the kV feedback (TP22) signals correspond to actual kV as follows: kV = DVM read-out * 10 kV For example, if the digital multimeter (DVM) read-out is 2.5 V the actual high voltage is 25kV. kV adjustment: The calibration of the kV is done by adjusting the D/A converter's (ICA2) reference voltage with trimmer potentiometer R63. Note!

The kV calibration is performed at the factory. The trimmer potentiometer R63 is sealed . Manipulation of the potentiometer can be carried out by authorized personnel only. Improper settings of the potentiometer can damage the INVERTER BOARD, HIGH VOLTAGE UNIT and the X-RAY TUBE External indicators: Connector X6 provides relay contacts for X-ray system status indication. X6


List of Test Points Test Point TP1 TP2 TP3 TP4 TP5-TP7 TP8-TP10 TP11-TP13 TP14-TP16 TP17 TP18 TP19 TP20 TP21 TP22 TP23 TP24 TP25 TP26 TP27 TP28 TP29

Signal +310V GND +310 VDC

MOSFET gate MOSFET gate MOSFET gate MOSFET gate EXPENA signal SHUTDOWN signal GND Operating frequency Pulse A kV Feedback Pulse B kV Reference GND +34V +15V GND GND

Service Manual

High voltage! High voltage! High voltage! High Voltage! High Voltage! High voltage! High voltage! High Voltage!

Service Manual


3.4.3.3 mA generation timing mA generation timing is controlled with four signals: FOCUS, PREHEAT, PREH and EXT. FOCUS is a latch output which changes state depending on whether the mag-box (small focal spot) or either the bucky or cassette tunnel (large focal spot) is attached to the machine. It selects which mA feedback resistor is used on the FILAMENT CONTROL board and which filament is energized. PREHEAT becomes active 55 milliseconds after the hand switch is depressed. It powers relay K2 on the FILAMENT CONTROL board and supplies power to the filament transformer TR1. During the time between PREHEAT and EXT, the pulse width modulator (ICA8) uses filament voltage as its feedback voltage. The feedback voltage is gain is controlled with trimmer potentiometers R28 and R96 to achieve proper tube current rise at the beginning of an exposure. (See PREHEAT ADJUSTMENT in the Adjustments & Alignments Section). When EXT goes active, actual exposure begins. We are now no longer interested in filament voltage; now, we must regulate tube current. To accomplish this, the common of the filaments is connected to ground through one of the feedback resistors (R77 or R78) on the FILAMENT board. This signal called mA FEEDBACK (MAFB) is now fed to the pulse width modulator by the analog switch (ICA10). Its output was switched from filament voltage to MAFB with the signal PREH. The PREH signal is activated approximately 7 ms after the EXT signal. The duty cycle of the


Service Manual

mA control: The mA control adjusts the X-ray tube's filament heating level to provide the desired tube current (mA). This is done by regulating the filament voltage with "FLYBACK" type pulse width modulated switch mode power supply (T1, T2, TR1, D6, C12, ICA8). The control circuitry utilizes current mode control which provides better stabilization and protects the semiconductor switches against over current.

The operation consists of two consecutive sequences: the preheat sequence and normal mA control sequence. The preheat sequence is used for heating of the filament to the desired level prior to the exposure, in order to achieve optimum mA rise at the start up. During the preheat sequence the control feedback comes from the filament voltage, and during an exposure the mAFB signal is used, providing the actual tube current monitoring. Preheat adjustment: The Preheat adjustment is done separately for large and small focus with trimmer potentiometers R28 and R96 respectively. (See PREHEAT ADJUSTMENT in the Adjustments & Alignments Section) The FOCUS signal selects the corresponding trimmer with relay K3. During the preheat adjustment measure the tube current from TP4. EXT signal:

Service Manual


Jumper X8: The jumper X8 is used for keeping the filament control in preheat mode during the whole exposure. This is intended for testing purposes only. The jumper should normally short circuit pins 2 and 3 (right hand position) Note: Always remember to leave the jumper in the right hand position after servicing the unit. mACHK signal Comparator ICA6 monitors the mA feedback signal and activates the mAOk signal when mA is present. Buzzer Buzzer (BZ1) is activated with signal RG2. It indicates that X-rays are being generated. (Note: The buzzer is activated during an exposure without X-rays also; see section 3.4.3.1:Timing) C-arm angle measurement The c-arm angle measurement is done with a potentiometer in the c-arm brake assembly. The potentiometer gives a voltage proportional to the angle. This voltage is taken to the 12 bit, serial mode analog to digital converter ICA12. The control signals and data signal comes from the CPU board to connector X12.


Service Manual

Supply voltages: The +15 V supply voltage is regulated from the +34 V with switching regulator ICA11, and the -15 V is regulated from the -34V with linear regulator ICA9. Fuses:

List of LED indicators

Fuses F1 and F2 protect the board in case of short circuits - F1 - F2

6,3 AT (=slow), 6,3 x 32 mm 6,3 AT (=slow), 6,3 x 32 mm

LED indicator

Signal

H1 H2 H3 H4 H5 H6 H7 H8 H9

Filament voltage TubeFail signal (E02 error) PrehRel RG1 RG2 EXT +15V +34V

Service Manual


3.4.3.5 Anode motor drive AMD BOARD The unit utilizes a rotating anode tube. The anode plate is accelerated with 230 VAC before the emission of electrons from cathode. During exposure, stator needs a certain running voltage (40-100 VAC), and after exposure the anode plate can be braked. All this is done with the phase control of a triac (V1). The control element is Telefunken TEA1007 (A7). Acceleration is achieved directly with mains voltage. During exposure, the firing angle of the triac is set to a level that corresponds the required RMS voltage. Braking is done by half wave rectified mains voltage. Acceleration and braking times are approx. 1 second. Safety features are also taken into account by monitoring the current of the triac. Should errors be detected, the microprocessor does not allow exposures. The exchange of information between the microprocessor and this board is optoisolated because the anode motor drive board is floating on mains voltage. 3.4.3.6 Mains transformer The power and control side of the unit uses only one 50/60 Hz transformer. It is a two slot 120 VA EI transformer. The first slot contains primary 220 V and secondary 15 V for the protection circuit of the power transistors ( this is done because the protection circuit is floating on mains voltage ), the second slot contains the actual secondary 2 x 24 V for AUX POWER. A grounded static


Service Manual

Service Manual

3.4.4


Motor control

3.4.4.1 Motor control - general As you can see from the block diagram to the left, all interfacing between the microprocessor and the motors is handled by 8255 peripheral controllers (D8 and D16) on the CPU board. The one exception to this is BHOME signal, which goes directly to the 8031. The microprocessor writes to and reads from the 8255 when its chip select (pin 6) is active. Information is transferred back and forth on the data bus. Because of this, the outputs of the 8255 are the effective origin of the signals, and the inputs to it are effectively the final destination of all the signals. 3.4.4.2 C&Z DRIVER BOARD This board controls the compression and vertical drive motors (also called Cand Z movements). It also provides regulated +24V dc-voltage to the bucky. Both C- and Z- motors are +24V dc-motors which are driven with pulse width modulated (PWM) power supplies that can provide variable voltage control thus enabling a rough speed control. Each drive circuit consists of control circuit and two power transistors. The output voltage consists of +34 Volt pulses whose width determines the RMS voltage of the motor. This voltage is


Service Manual

Compression motor (C-motor) The compression motor has three different speeds: fixed high speed up, trimmer potentiometer controlled high speed down and trimmer potentiometer controlled low speed down. The purpose of these speeds is to provide "soft" compression. This is done by reducing the speed of the compression paddle as soon as the paddle reaches the breast.

The control of the compression is done by monitoring the compression motor's current which gives us a rough idea of what the actual torque of the motor is. The current of the motor is measured with resistor R29 and then compared to two predetermined threshold levels. The first threshold level, speed threshold, determines the force that the speed of the compression is reduced. Turn the trimmer potentiometer R43 to set this level. The second threshold level, current limit, determines the final compression force. Turn the trimmer potentiometer R33 to set the compression force. The CPU controls the compression movement with following signals: CDIR signal: This signal sets the status of the relay K1. It determines the polarity of the Cmotor voltage that is, the direction of the compression paddle. CRUN signal:

Service Manual


Adjustment of the compression speeds:

1. 2. 3. 4.

5.

Adjust the high speed compression to app. 2cm /1 seconds. Turn trimmer R43 until only low speed is on. Adjust the low speed compression down to app. 1cm /1 seconds Adjust the trimmer pot R43 so that the paddle switches to low speed when it reaches the breast. Make sure the paddle travels in high speed (free air) at all angles. If not increase the speed threshold level. Adjust the final compression force with trimmer R33. The compression force limit can be adjusted by software setting in service program (version 7.36 and up). In this case compression force with trimmer R33 is adjusted to be 25-27 kg (53-59lbs) and force stop has been set by software.

List of LED:s:

LED H1 H2 H3 H4 H5 H6 H7

Signal +34Vdc +15Vdc +24Vdc for bucky C-motor voltage Z-motor voltage Upper Limit Lower Limit


Service Manual

3.4.4.4 Anode motor After the hand switch has been depressed, the microprocessor will signal the 8255 (D8) on the CPU board to output four signals that are ANSTART, ANENA, ANRUN and ANSTOP. ANRUN is the first signal to go active, it is normally high to extend opto coupler life on the ANODE MOTOR DRIVER (AMD). It will go low in preparation for the ANENA signal so there is no arching when K1 relay on the AMD is pulled. After ANENA has enabled the anode motor, ANRUN goes high supplying the motor with 40 V. Seventy milliseconds later ANSTART goes low turning on the opto coupler A4, which pulls pin 6 of the motor controller (A7) high. This turns the triac V1 completely on supplying the rotor with 220 VAC. After nearly 1.5 seconds of boosting, ANSTART goes high again ending the boost phase so the voltage applied to the rotor drops back down to 40 V. After the exposure is finished, ANRUN goes low removing all power from the rotor so there will be no arching when ANSTOP pulls relay K2 to remove the phase shift capacitor and winding from the circuitry for the braking. An anode brake can be selected in the SETUP mode. The braking is done by applying a half wave rectified voltage to the main stator winding. This produces a stationary magnetic field acting on the rotor. The phase shift winding does not get any voltage. After the relay K2 has settled, ANRUN goes high again applying 40V half

Service Manual

3.4.5


Automatic exposure control (AEC)

3.4.5.1 AEC - general There AEC consists basically of three parts to the circuit, the DETECTOR, the AEC board and the CPU board. 3.4.5.2 The Detector The detector is a package containing 34 diodes connected in parallel. As X-ray strikes the diodes, they begin to leak current from the cathode to anode. The amount of current each diode leaks is related to the amount of X-ray it


Service Manual

The second amplifier A2 has a smaller gain which is adjustable to take into account differences between detectors, x-ray tubes and film/screen combinations. Trimpot R6 is for adjusting the offset voltage of A2. (NOTE: adjusted to 0 - offset in the factory) The AEC board replaces the phototimer board in the units manufactured since December 1994). In the AEC board the signal from the detector is taken to voltage to frequency converter after amplification. The software for this board is 7.xx or higher (6.35 and 6.55 also). The CPU board needs to be of version 1.2 or higher. 3.4.5.4 The CPU The CPU board looks at the pulses from the AEC board. The frequency of these pulses represents the radiation through the breast. The CPU converts the frequency into a variable called INTEGRATION time. The microprocessor plugs this time into a formula and calculates the exposure time. Integration time has a nonlinear effect on the exposure time, which is important to keep in mind when making adjustments.

Service Manual


3.5

DESCRIPTION OF CONTROL ELECTRONICS

3.5.1

Mains transformer and SUPPLY board T2

T1

220V

24V

240V

240V

260V

220V

24V

260V

24V

18V

15V

Figure 3.5.1 Mains transformer connections The SUPPLY board supplies all the voltages that are not used to produce X-rays. The collimator bulb voltage is on newer models regulated with a triac and why the voltage should be measured with the voltage meter at the AC-range. 3.5.2

CPU board


Service Manual

ICD22 (GAL 22V10) is used as an address decoder for data memory and I/O-circuitry (ICD8, ICD12, ICD13, ICD18, ICD19, ICD23, ICD26 and half of the ICD5). The address-map of the system can be presented: 0000 - FFFF program memory (64k) 8000 - 9FFF A000 - CFFF D000 - EFFF F000 - FFFF

nonvolatile memory (8k) I/O data memory not used

ICD8 (8279) is a keyboard/display controller which independently takes care of user interface and displays of the unit. CPU has six 8-bit I/O ports. Three of them is configured as inputs and the rest three as outputs The RESET and WATCHDOG circuitry consists of ICA2 (TL7705A).

Service Manual

3.5.3


DISPLAY BOARD

The block diagram of DISPLAY board is presented in figure 3.5.3 KEYBOARD/ DISPLAY CONTROLLER

SEGMENT DRIVER

DISPLAYS AND LEDS

DIGIT SELECT

KEYBOARD


3.5.5

Service Manual

CD-BOARD

This board is installed in Alpha MT only. The CD-board measures the breast thickness. The signal is sent to the CPU board which controls the display on the CD board. All information is passed through a serial link. On the CD board locates also the electronic for the beam filter selection and the driver circuit for the filter change motor. 3.5.6

C-ARM CONTROL BOARD

This board is installed in PERFORMA, ALPHA RT/IQ only. It measures the compression thickness and force and controls the displays on the c-arm. It also controls the motor that drives the beam filter change mechanism. The C-arm Control board is based on Intel 80C32 micro controller. It has a software of its own which is independent from the software on the CPU board. The only requirement is that the software is of version 7.01 or higher. The C-arm Control board communicates with the CPU board with a serial link. An error in this communication is indicated as E.12 error on the control panel. The C-arm Control board is divided into digital part and analog part. The digital part controls the i/o signals and c-arm display board. The analog part measures the compression thickness and force and drives the filter motor.

Service Manual

3.5.7


C-ARM DISPLAY BOARD

This board is installed in PERFORMA, ALPHA RT/IQ only. It contains 8 seven segment displays, two LEDs to indicate which beam filter is selected and a filter change switch. The seven segment displays are controlled by ICD4 on C-arm Control board. The LEDs and the switch are handled by regular i/ocontrol on C-arm Control board. 3.5.8

ECS DRIVER BOARD

The ECS Driver Board Controls the C-arm movement of the ECS-200 device. It is an electronic circuit board that requires software based control from Performa, Alpha unit. Software version of the unit must be 7.27 or greater. The C-arm movement can be activated in four different ways: 1.

Up and down from footpedal in either C-arm or ECS mode.

2.

Up and down from either one the two switches located on both sides of the C-arm covers.

3.

Automatic return of the C-arm to it's lowest position after an exposure if the autorelease function in the Performa, Alpha control panel has been selected.


Service Manual

Control signals: Up and down

The user can move the C-arm up and down with a switch located on the cover or with a footpedal. The *CARM UP signal activates relay K2 and changes the direction of the motor drive. The motor drive is enabled if the C-arm is not in it's upper limit. *CARM DWN signal moves the C-arm down. The motor drive is enabled if the C-arm is not in it's lower limit. Return

The user can return the C-arm to it's normal position (down) by pressing the return switch. This activates D-flip flop ICD6 if the relay K2 is not activated (that is if the direction of the C-arm is down). When the lower limit is reached the flip flop is reset and motor drive is disabled. Autorelease

The autorelease function returns the C-arm down after an exposure. The information of an exposure is derived from control signals for ANODE

Service Manual


List of LED indicators:

H1 H2 H3 H4 H5 H6 H7 H8 H9 H10

+34V +15V C-arm movement enabled +5V C-arm shifted (located in the ECS top cover) C-arm shifted (located in the ECS top cover) LOWER LIMIT UPPER LIMIT C-arm direction up Motor enabled


4

Service Manual

PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE 4.1

X-RAY TUBE PERFORMANCE CHECK

4.1.1

Half-value layer (HVL) measurement

Test equipment required:

Radiation meter 0.1 mm Aluminum Plates (Alloy 1100)

Enter the service mode by simultaneously pressing the kV- and density buttons and holding them for 3 seconds. Insert the 18 x 24 diaphragm into its mount. Collimate the X-ray beam by a lead plate with a hole placed close the tube and restrict the beam to an area slightly larger than the ionization chamber. Use 25 kV and measure the radiation using 0 - 0.1 - 0.2 - 0.3 - 0.4 mmAl. Plot your data on the chart and connect data points with a line. Take the 0.0 mmAl reading and divide it by two. Find where that reading would intersect your graph and determine the half-value layer from the aluminum axis. Use mAs that gives you about 400 mR with 0 mmAl. 0.0

Service Manual

4.1.2


Tube efficiency check on the cassette holder


Radiation meter

Center the radiation meter on the image receptor so that its ion chamber is as close as possible to the chest wall edge of the image receptor. Place a piece of lead under the meter to block back scatter. For small focal spot testing, remove the image receptor. The "MAGN" light in the control panel will lit up, make the exposures in service mode For large focus, insert a cassette holder and make the measurements on the cassette holder top. Enter the service mode by simultaneously pressing the kV- and density buttons and holding them for 3 seconds. Make exposures as directed by the table below, comparing your results with the data given on the table 4.2. mR/ mAs kV

SMALL FOCUS

LARGE FOCUS


4.1.3

Service Manual

Focal spot measurement procedure


Star phantom Slit focal Special focal diaphragm

spot

measurement

Measurement of Large Focus

Insert a bucky or a cassette holder. Enter service mode by simultaneously pressing kV- and density- buttons and holding them until the timer display shows "ser". Press density+ and density- buttons simultaneously until the timer display shows "51 Pr". Press kV+ button until the timer display shows "Foc" which is the focal spot measurement mode. Press autoexp to enter the program. The exposure parameters are automatically adjusted according to the table below. Focus

Insert

kV

mA

T.exp.

Large focus

M101G

28

50

0.1

M107

25

70

0.1

M101, M113, M113SP

25

80

0.1

Service Manual


Measurement of Small Focus

Enter the service mode by pressing density+ and density- simultaneously until "ser" is displayed on the timer display. Install a magnification table, 1.6 or 1.8 Go back to the focus measurement mode as described in previously. Remove the magnification table and place the cassette on the cassette holder support as described in previously. Make an exposure Fill out the form for small focal spot to calculate the small focal spot. Bw

=

Blur diameter of width Parallel to anode-cathode axis

BL

=

Blur diameter of length Perpendicular to anode-cathode axis

Fw

=

C * BW/(M - 1) , FL = C * BL / (M - 1)


4.1.4

Service Manual

Image quality evaluation procedure

1.

Go to the film processor evaluation procedure described in the Installation Instructions , 2.14.2

2.

Place a loaded cassette into the bucky and select AEC operation using settings (kV) as you would use for an average 4.5 cm compressed breast.

3.

Place the RMI 156 phantom on the bucky in the same position as a breast. The nipple indent marker should be positioned away from the chest wall. Use a standard 18 x 24 or 24 x 30 size compression paddle.

4.

Set the AEC detector to an inward position under the wax portion of the phantom.

5.

Make an exposure and process the exposed film. This image will represent the imaging abilities of your machine using these clinical factors.

6.

If the image is over or under exposed, make a AEC adjustment and repeat the exposure.

7.

Once an acceptable image has been obtained, have one or more viewers

Service Manual


IMAGE SCORING WITH THE RMI 156 PHANTOM

Figure 4.1.

RMI 156 phantom

FIBERS

SPECS

MASSES

Number

Size

Points

Number

Size

Points

Number

Size

Points

1.

1.56

1

7.

.54

1

12.

2.0

1

2.

1.12

1

8.

.40

1

13.

1.0

1


4.1.5

Service Manual

Measurement of the feedback circuitry

CAUTION! The readings from the following resistance measurements depend on the probe polarity.

Figure 4.2

Measurement of the feedback circuitry

Service Manual


4.2

AUTOMATIC EXPOSURE CONTROL EVALUATION

4.2.1

Quick AEC test

Testing procedure: 1 2 3 4 5 6

Attach the cassette. Position an acrylic plate carefully so that it covers the AEC detector. Select 25 kV and density 0. Make an exposure using the semi-AEC. Develop the film. Measure the film density. If the density is not between 1.3 and 1.5, the reprogramming of AEC is recommended.

Carry out this test once a week. 4.2.3

Object thickness compensation

Measure the optical density for 20 and 40 millimeters of acrylic. Use also 60 millimeters if available. Use 25 kV without bucky and 27 kV with bucky and magnification. Measure the optical density for both molybdenum and rhodium filter. Plot the values in the table below. ACR mm

O.D. Bucky)

O.D. (Cas tunnel)

O.D. (Magn)


Service Manual

If the optical density is higher with 20 mm acrylic than with 40 mm acrylic the thickness compensation has to be adjusted. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. NOTE:

Adjust the AEC so that the wanted optical density is reached 40 mm acrylic. Notice the exposure time Go into program mode (Pr) and select -2 Density Adjust the gain on the AEC board so that the same exposure time is reached as in point 1 with 40 mm acrylic. Repeat the test 4.2.3 If compensation not correct select more - Density

In some cases + Density should be used instead of - Density

Service Manual

4.2.2


kV compensation

Measure the optical density for each kV station, using molybdenum and rhodium filter if available Use 40 mm ACR. kV

O.D. (Bucky)

O.D. (Cas tunnel)

O.D. (Magn)

23

/

/

/

24

/

/

/

25

/

/

/

26

/

/

/

27

/

/

/

28

/

/

/

29

/

/

/

30

/

/

/

31

/

/

/

32

/

/

/

33

/

/

/


4.3

MECHANICAL CHECKS

4.3.1

Compression system

Service Manual

The part of the equipment which undergoes the most use is the compression system, so it needs regular attention and treatment when necessary. Spread some grease (MBDE or other high-quality grease) on the compression driving axle and support joints. If the driving wheels are noisy or the hand wheels difficult to rotate, we strongly recommend that you remove the C-arm and grease the inside of the compression system. Check also the digital compression display according to the test described in the Installation Instruction. 4.3.2

C-arm rotation brake

Check that the brake has 110 N (24 lbs.) of holding force, if necessary tighten the four nyloc nuts to increase holding force if necessary. Check that only 20 N (4 lbs.) of force is needed when the brake is disengaged. If required, loosen the four nyloc nuts or remove one disc spring pair. Recheck the 110N (24 lbs.) holding force. 4.3.3

Column and carriage

Check all cables, especially the cables coming from the C-arm. Check also the counter weight wire condition.

Service Manual


THIS PAGE HAS INTENTIONALLY BEEN LEFT BLANK.


5

Service Manual

TROUBLESHOOTING & ERROR MESSAGES 5.1

Error message chart

Error code

Signal line

Short explanation of the error

E.01

MAOK

No tube current or the preheat level far too low.

E.02

GENOK

No kV.

E.03

STARTOK

Anode too hot or the anode motor does not start.

E.04

SERIAL

Communication error between FILAMENT CONTROL board and CPU board.

E.05

N/A

Exposure counter exceeds the preset limit.

E.07

RUNOK

Stator voltage too high during exposure.

E08

Bad connection in breast thickness measurement potentiometer.

E09

Beam filter is not in its position.

E10

Compression force display error.

E11

C-arm angle display error.

E12

Link error between CPU and C-arm Control board.

E.r1

N/A

Check

in the EPROM.

Service Manual


U.FL

N/A

Integration time is less than 20 millisecs.

S.Lo

LOW

1 Low line voltage or 2. Fault in the INVERTER board.

S.YS

CPU error.

t.oF

Motor time out error.

E.AF

Communication error CPU - AEC.

Table 5.1.

5.2

Error message chart

Useful information to have when calling for assistance a)

General (required information)

1. 2. 3.

Serial number of the unit. Name of the operator who experienced the problem. Software revision level. (Shown on mAs-display and C-arm Control board when power is switched on)

b)

For phototiming questions (AEC)

1. 2. 3.

Film/screen combination used. Temperature of the developer. What is the gross fog, speed index, contrast

index of the film


5.3

Service Manual

E.01 Error message explanation NO TUBE CURRENT The FILAMENT CONTROL board compares the mA-feedback voltage MAFB to a reference value that is about 80% of the actual mA-reference voltage. When the feedback exceeds this reference value it sends a MAOK signal to the CPU board. If the CPU does not get this signal in 0.2 seconds after EXT signal, the processor terminates the exposure and gives error message E.01. This can depend of a problem either in kV- or in mA- circuitry, because if the high voltage (kV) is absent, anode current (mA) can not be produced. . a.

Check that all connectors on INVERTER and CONNECTORS. FILAMENT CONTROL boards are properly installed

b.

SUPPLY VOLTAGES. Check that all supply voltages are present (See section 5.28).

c.

FILAMENT MOSFETs. Turn the unit off. Connect the common of your DVM to the leg of resistor R38 and plus to the leg of resistor R50. You should read .4 volts using diode range.

Service Manual

5.4


E.02 Error message explanation NO KV

On units with INVERTER and FILAMENT CONTROL Boards, the E.02 error indicates that there is no kV present. This can happen if either the INVERTER board or the HIGH VOLTAGE UNIT is faulty. The problem can also be that the FILAMENT CONROL board does not provide necessary control signals for the Inverter board. a.

Check that all connectors on INVERTER and CONNECTORS. FILAMENT CONTROL boards are properly installed

b.

DISCONNECT ALL CONNECTORS FROM MOSFETs. INVERTER BOARD 1. Connect the common of your DVM to test point TP3 and plus to test point TP1. You should read .4 volts in diode range. 2. Connect the common of your DVM to test point TP4 and plus to test point TP1. You should read .4 volts in diode range. 3. Connect the common of your DVM to test point TP2 and plus to test point TP3. You should read .4 volts in diode range. 4. Connect the common of your DVM to test point TP2 and plus to test point TP4. You should read .4 volts in diode range. FUSE. Measure that the fuse has not been blow


5.4.1

Service Manual

Testing of the of the new Alpha generator

(new generator consisting generator consisting of the of the inverter and inverter and filament board filament board)) Follow the testing proce testing procedure dure if the if the Inverter Board Inverter Board seems to be to be working well, the system gives E02 error messages and it is not clear if there is a problem problem with the HV-unit, the HV-cable or with or with the X-ray tube 1)

Open connector X4 connector X4 on Filament Board. This disconnect the filaments from their power supply power supply

2)

On Filament Board move jumpe move jumper r X8 X8 between between pins pins 1 & 2. The jum The jumper per is is normally betw normally between een 2 & 3. This forces the filament supply always to take it's feedback from the filament voltage even during an exposure. Nor exposure. Normally mally during an exposure the feedback is feedback is taken from the tube current.

3)

On Filament Board move Switch S1 to "TEST" positio "TEST" position. n. This disables the CPU from getting the error message error message (E01) becau (E01) because se of the missing tube current.

4)

Disconnect HV-cable from the HVHV- unit and start taking exposures with 20kV and gradually increase the kV setting.

Service Manual

5.4.2


Testing of the of the old Alpha generator

(old generator consisting generator consisting of the of the Pulse Board, Base Drive and Power Board) Power Board) Follow the testing proc testing procedure edure if the if the Power Board Power Board seems to be to be working well, the system gives E02 error messages error messages and it is not clear if clear if there there is a problem problem with the HV-unit, the HV-cable or with or with the X-ray tube. 1)

Disconnect filaments by filaments by opening connector X2 connector X2 on Base Drive. This disconnects the filaments from their power supply power supply

2)

Remove ic-chip A7 (opto) on Pulse Board and put and put a short bet short between ween pins pins 4 and 5.

This disables the CPU from getting the error message (E01) because because of the missing tube current. 3)

Disconnect HV-cable from the HVHV- unit and start making exposures with 20kV and increase the setting gradually.

4)

If you can make exposures up till 35kV without E02-errors, the HVHVtransformer is transformer is good.

5)

Connect the HV-cable into the transformer and disconnect it from the


5.5

Service Manual

E.03 Error message explanation X-RAY TUBE IS HOT The condition of the AMD board AMD board during pre-heat pre-heat is controlled by the CPU through the STARTOK signal. STARTOK signal. A disturbance generates E03. a.

AMD CONNECTORS. Check that all connectors coming to the board are prope are properly rly and right way installed. Check also that connector is properly rly installed. X36 on the X-ray tube is prope

b.

measure between n pins 1 and THERMAL SWITCH Disconnect X36, measure betwee 3, and 2 and 3 on the tube side, if the circuit is open, the thermal switch is open. Measure the resistance between between pins 1 and 2. The resistance should be about 66 ohms If the circuit is open and the resistance is right, wait about 45 minutes and check if the thermal switch is closed. If the If the resistance shows OL (over load) , the coils of the anode motor are motor are broke broken, n, change the tube.

c.

LINE VOLTAGE. Check that the AMD board does get 220VAC between between TP1 and TP2. If not check cabling and connections on X9. Measure the running voltage with a TRMS meter, between between X4 pin 2 and X5 pin X5 pin 2. . It should be should be about 30VAC. If not, If not, adjust with trimmer R100.

Service Manual

5.6


E.04 Error message explanation Problem in serial communications between CPU and FILAMENT BOARD. The CPU board sends serial data to the serial-to-parallel latch (D3) located on the PULSE board (or FILAMENT CONTROL board). The CPU receives the same signal back from pin 2 of D3 (buffered and isolated through A9 and A5).If the received signal is different from the transmitted signal an E04 error message is indicated. a.

CPU - FILAMENT CONTROL BOARD CABLE Check that the cable between FILAMENT CONTROL and CPU board is properly installed (connector X5 on CPU board, connector X1 on filament control).

b.

FUSES F1 - F4. Check that the fuses on the FILAMENT BOARD (F1-F4 BASE DRIVE Board) are not blown.

c.

Using the FILAMENT BOARD (BASE DRIVE) VOLTAGE. negative side of capacitors. C11 - C14 as ground, measure the voltage across C11 - C14 (+32VDC - +37VDC), from the case of TO3-regulator A3 (+20VDC), from fuse F3 (-15VDC) and from fuse F4 (+15VDC). If one of the voltages are missing or out of range, change the FILAMENT BOARD (BASE DRIVE) board


5.7

Service Manual

E.05 Error message explanation (software 5.08 and higher) Error E05 indicates that the preset exposure counter limit has been exceeded. The unit does not allow further exposures until the limit has been adjusted. USAGE Entering in the limit setting: Press Den- and mAs- all the time and switch the power on. When display starts blinking, keep pressing Denand mAs- and reset the program by pressing AutoExp.

5.8

-

Changing the limit: Press Den- or Den+, 0 means no limit (OFF), other values indicate amount of the accepted exposures. Altogether there are 50-50 000 possible limit variations.

-

Exiting the limit setting: Press kV-.

E.06 ERROR MESSAGE EXPLANATION Error E06 is caused if there is a communication problem between the Alpha ID (Dataview) PC-controller and the Performa, Alpha RT/IQ. The Alpha ID (Dataview) sends a check request to the Performa, Alpha unit, 12 seconds after the last communication. If Dataview does not get any respond a E06 error code is displayed.

Service Manual


5.10 E.08 ERROR MESSAGE EXPLANATION The digital compression thickness display does get an analog voltage information from the slide potentiometer located on the C-arm frame. On the Performa, Alpha RT/IQ the kV is set automatically based on the compression thickness. If the analog voltage is missing, the Auto-kV would not work properly. When the compression is driven to the lowest position the voltage output is not 0V.If a connection problem occurs, the voltage drops to 0V and a E08 error message will be activated. Exposures are inhibited during the error message. a.

Check the slide potentiometer connection and clean the potentiometer surface.

5.11 E.09 Error message explanation (PERFORMA, RT/IQ) PERFORMA, RT/IQ ERROR WITH FILTER The beam filter position is controlled by two microswitches. If the filter is not in position a E09 error message will be activated. a.

Check the beam filter mechanism, microswitches, C-arm control board and motor.


Service Manual

5.13 E.11 Error message explanation Error in the c-arm angle measurement

The CPU board gets incorrect readings from the analog to digital converter on the Filament Control board. a. b. c. d.

Check the cabling Check the potentiometer reading with an ohm meter. Check the FILAMENT BOARD Check measurement potentiometer (max. position 5 kohms, 2.5 kohms when 0 degrees.

5.14 E.12 Error message explanation Error in the serial link between CPU board and C-arm Control board

The communication between CPU board and C-arm Control board is not working. a. Check the cabling b. Check the supply voltages on both boards. c. Change C-arm control board and /or CPU

5.15 E.r1 Error message explanation

Service Manual


5.18 E.r4 Error message explanation Error in the C-arm Control board EPROM (Software chip).

a.

Change the EPROM or the whole C-arm Control board.

5.19 E.r5 Error message explanation Error in the C-arm Control board EEPROM

a.

Change the EEPROM or the whole C-arm Control board.

5.20 S.Lo Error message explanation POWER SUPPLY VOLTAGE TOO LOW

The FILAMENT CONTROL board monitors the line voltage by comparing the unregulated, rectified 24VAC voltage to a fixed voltage on the FILAMENT CONTROL board. If the rectified 24VAC (+34V) voltage falls below app. 20V during the preheat sequence the LOW signal is activated telling the CPU to inhibit the exposure a. b.

Check the line voltage Check the +34V voltage on FILAMENT CONTROL board Check the mains transformers


Service Manual

c.

VISUAL INSPECTION. Check visually that the grid can move freely.

d.

FAULTY CPU BOARD. Change the CPU board.

5.23 C.CA Error message explanation Cassette sensing board does not sense the cassette

a.

Adjust opto gain from trimmer R11 on Cas-opto board (Optipoint).

a.

CASSETTE CHANGE. Make sure that the customer does not use an other cassette to push out the loaded cassette from the cassette holder. The CAS-OPTO board does not interpret this as a cassette change.

b.

CASNOR SIGNAL. Check the CASNOR signal receives to the CPU board on X2 pin 19. If signal is received, change D27, D8 and D15 if spare circuit available, else change the whole CPU board. If signal is not received change the CAS-OPTO board. .

5.24 C.Ch Error message explanation Cassette holder is not being sensed

a.

CASSETTE HOLDER. Cassette holder is not properly installed.

Service Manual


5.25 C.Cn Error message explanation Bucky connection is not sensed. Bhome is not activated at all. (5sec time limit)

a.

BUCKY CONNECTION. Check that the bucky is properly attached. Control also that the connector pins on the bucky are not bent.

b.

BUCKY SIGNALS. Perform test as described in 3.4.4.5.

c.

GRID IS STUCK.

5.26 C.Co Error message explanation Diaphragm is not sensed. a.

MICROSWITCH. Check that the microswitch is properly aligned

b.

CABLING. Measure on the CPU board that pins 8 and 9 on X2 are shorted when the diaphragm microswitch is closed. If yes, change D16 and D21 on the CPU board if spare circuits available, else change the whole CPU board. If pins 8 and 9 are not shorted, change the microswitch


Service Manual

5.29 C.dE Error message explanation (With the old software the microprocessor has calculated that exposure time would be less than integration time.) New software: Too much radiation to detector. a.

TOO HIGH kV in Semi-AEC. Decrease the kV with 1 - 2kV.

b.

AEC DETECTOR. If a patient with small breasts, check detector has been in the position nearest the chest wall

c.

AMPLIFIER GAIN. Check that he gain adjustment on the AMPLIFIER board is not set too high.

that the

5.30 O.FL Error message explanation Problem:

a.

The time interval between the signal AUTEXP from the CPU board to the PHOTOTIMER board and CNTRDY from the AMPLIFIER board back to the CPU board is too long causing exposure times that would exceed the maximum

TOO LOW kV. Increase the kV with 1 - 2kV.

Service Manual


5.32 R.ES Error message explanation Indicates a reset of the microprocessor on the CPU board. Normally activated when the machine is turned on or the reset button on CPU board is pressed. Otherwise it indicates a disruption of the voltage applied to the CPU board.

a.

DISTURBANCE. Control that no spike, generated as a result of an E02 error, or some static electricity caused the R.ES code.

OTHER REASONS - CPU supply voltage - Missing HV-grease - Bad grounding - Bad HV-unit - Bad 5V cabling from CPU

5.33 (U.FL Error message explanation) not used With software up to 6.xx (integration time based AEC): Integration time is less than 20 milliseconds. Exposures resulting from such short integration time are too dark. a.

CHECK THE BUCKY CONNECTION (apply some compression on


Service Manual

5.36 E.AF (Software 7.27 and up) Poor connection between between CPU and AEC boards. boards. Incorrectly adjusted AEC offset voltages. Autozeroing circuit does not work at work at start up. a. b. c.

Check the Check the cabling. Adjust the AEC board AEC board offset voltages. If you If you are using the 32315 AEC boar AEC board d with software 7.27 or later, or later, you you can remove the capacitor C35 capacitor C35 (22uF) on the 32315 AEC board AEC board..

5.37 No power indications a. b. c.

Check the Check the mains switch. Check that Check that the power the power cable cable and the display cable are connected. Check the circuit breaker breaker (proper main fuses 15 A slow) in the rear bottom. bottom.

Open the side covers and check that three LED:s (H1-H3) on the SUPPLY board are lit. If they If they are not, check fuses check fuses on the SUPPLY board SUPPLY board,, supply cables, and power supply connections. Measure that proper proper secondary voltages are available at supply transformers T1 and T2. If LEDs If LEDs on the SUPPLY board SUPPLY board are still not lit replace the SUPPLY board SUPPLY board..

Service Manual


5.39 Software diagnostic mode The software includes a diagnostic mode which presently which presently has two parts. two parts. The first is a software counter which records the number of error messages seen and also the number of exposures. of exposures. The second gives a readout of switch of switch and signal status. 5.39.1 Entering Diagnostic Mode

1.

Turn the unit on

2.

Enter "service" (SER) mode by simultaneously pressing the kVkV- and buttons. density- buttons.

3.

Enter the service mode special program program menu by simultaneously pressing pressing density+ and density- buttons buttons until the "Pr 51" mode is displayed on the timer display. timer display. Press kV+ until "58 CeC" is displayed. Press Autoexp to enter the program. program. To return to the menu press "autoexp" again.

5.39.2 Error readout

By pressing By pressing the "kV+" button "kV+" button the occurrence of the different error messages can be can be controlled. The "kV" & "mAs" displays are read together to give the total error occurrence. error occurrence.


Service Manual

5.39.3 Switch and signal status display

Select special program program "59 Cin" and enter it by pressing "autoexp". This program program is the switch and signal status display. The timer display indicates which device and port and port on the CPU board CPU board is reading the switch. The kV display indicates the bit the bit connected to and the mAs display tells the state. A change from LO to HI indicates that the line activated when pressi when pressing ng a press butto press button n is ok. The normal function of the of the press press but button ton is inhibited in this mode. SWITCH

INTERFACE

IC/PIN on CPU

BIT

NORMAL NORMAL

DEVICE

CARD

kVkV-

dS2

D29/13 D15/38

+ b0 (R0)

LOW

kV+

dS2

D29/13 D15/39

+ b1 (R1)

LOW

mAs-

dS2

D29/13 + D15/1 b2 (R2)

LOW

mAs+

dS2

D29/13 + D15/2 b3 (R3)

LOW

density-

dS2

D29/13 + D15/5 b4 (R4)

LOW

STATUS

Service Manual


5.40 SUPPLY VOLTAGES SUPPLY BOARD a) TP7 to TP1 b) TP7 to TP2 c) TP7 to TP3 d) TP7 to TP4 e) TP7 to TP5 f) TP7 to TP6

brake lamp Vin CPU +AEC in -AEC in

26 Vdc 33 Vdc 11.5 Vdc**(R8 set to 160 lx in USA) 23 Vdc 20 Vdc -20.5 Vdc

CPU BOARD h) across C36

Vin CPU

5.1 Vdc

C&Z BOARD i) TP1 to TP j) TP3 to TP4 k) TP8 to TP6 l) TP8 to TP7

Comp up/dn Vert up/dn Vin bucky Vin CPU

22 Vdc 25 Vdc 24 Vdc 5.1 Vdc

PULSE BOARD m) Anode V3 tp R25 (D/A) n) V3 t0 A16 - 18 pin 16

10 Vdc 5 Vdc


Service Manual

5.41 Grid lines The grid in the bucky is stuck, too slow or connector are bad. a. Check cassette holder recognition - magnets under the bucky - Check reed relays on Csense board b. Check grid speed - Speed should be about 1.2-1.4 sec for slow movement time - Adjustment from the Bucky Control board using the Pr #61 bUC - Check the speed when c-arm tilted 0, -90 and +90 degrees c. Supply voltages to the bucky - Check that the pins in connectors are not bent d. Grid alignment and movement - is the grid stuck (motor and gearbox maybe broken). - sides of the grid may not touch the sides of the frames. - The grid has to be close to the carbon fiber in the front but may not touch. - is the grid properly attached to the blocks holding it. - when the breast is compressed, does the carbon fiber top bend and touch the mechanism.

Service Manual


5.42 ECS Trouble shooting Problem

Items to check

The ECS does not move.

-

The signal from the switches reaches the X3 on ECS board

-

The motor is connected to the X6 on the ECS board

-

The optocouplers for movement limits are ok (see leds H7 and H8)

The autoreturn function does

-

The motor works (use external voltage supply)

-

The autoexp led on Performa, Alpha control

not work.

panel is lit -

The connectors X2, X3, X4 and X5 are properly connected


6

Service Manual

REPAIR INSTRUCTIONS 6.1

FUSE RATING / LOCATION CHART

LOCATION

RATING

PURPOSE

EXTERNAL: AUTOMATIC FUSE OR F1, F2

15 A/ 250 V 15 ASB/ 250 V

Fuse to the 220 line Fuses to the 220 line

4 ASB/ 32 V

24 VAC prior to the

SUPPLY BOARD: F1

regulation, for AMD, C, Z and the break F2

5 ASB/ 32 V

18 VAC prior to regulation for the CPU and lamp

F3

500 mAF/32V

15 VAC prior to regulation for the AMPLIFIER board

FILAMENT BOARD:

(PULSE board*)

F1

6 A T/ 32 V

24 VAC to regulators

Service Manual

6.2


COLUMN REPAIR

NOTE!

The counterweight is heavy. Be careful when handling it.

NOTE!

Remember to insert the counterweight assembly pin in the column before starting the repair.

6.2.1

Tilt down the column

Remove the power supply plug. Remove the C-arm. Remove the two bolts on both sides of the floor plate (A). Open the two wall bolts and take slowly down the column. If the unit is installed on a freestanding base plate, remove the sidepieces by opening the screws inside. Do not let the column fall free on the floor. Put some soft material below the column to avoid damage. 6.2.2

Replacing the floor plate

When the column is lying on the floor, remove the two bolts (B) from the floor plate on both sides of the column.


6.2.3

Service Manual

Replacing the Z-motor

Insert the counter weight pin and drive the carriage up until the counterweight rests against the pin. Lift up the carriage (this requires two persons while otherwise the c-arm may turn and the carriage fall down causing damage to the unit) and put two boards (25 x 100 x 1400 mm for the short column, 25 x 100 x 1620 for the long column) under the carriage sides. Secure the boards straps. Loosen the four lower bolts, and lift of the column cap. NOTE!

If no boards available, take down the column as described in 6.2.1

CAUTION! Be careful not to drop any parts into the column.

Remove the two screws on top of the column. Lift up the cap and remove it from the top of the column. Be careful not to scratch the column. Unplug the connector. Loosen the two lock screws (C) in the pulley. Unscrew and remove the motor assembly bolt (A) of the pulley. Remove the two screws (B) which attach the motor plate to the cap, see figure 6.2. Replace the Z-motor. To achieve correct shaft alignment the motor assembly bolt (A) must be tightened (max. 15Nm) holder screws. Check the alignment by running the motor with slack wires before installing the cap assembly.

Service Manual

6.2.4


Replacing the column cap

Remove the cap of the column as described in 6.2.3. Remove motor as described in 6.2.3. Remove the cable coming through the top of the cap. Replace the old cap. Place the wires first on the new pulley, and fit the pulley to the new column cap. Push the motor assembly axle (D) in place against the motor axle, and tighten the screws so that they go into the holes of the motor assembly axle (D). Fasten the motor plate to the cap with screws (B), see figure 6.2. Screw the motor assembly bolt (A) in place by using torque, max 15 Nm (133 in lbs.). Check the assembly of the wires and the column cap and lift the column so that the counterweight pulls the wires, and position the column cap in its place. Fasten the four bolts, and connect the motor plug.


Service Manual

Service Manual

6.2.5


Replacing the mechanical stopper

Tilt down the column as described in 6.2.1 and remove the top cover. Remove the screws of the limiter, located in the back of the column, and remove the limiter. Tighten the new limiter screws, and replace the column cap. 6.2.6

Replacing the wires

Take down the column as described in 6.2.1 and remove the column cap. Be careful not to scratch the column. Release the wires by moving the carriage upwards. Unplug the connector. Remove the mechanical stopper as described in 6.2.5. Pull out the counterweight of the column and detach the wires. Loosen the two lock screws (C) in the pulley. Unscrew and remove the motor assembly bolt (A). Remove the two screws (B) which attach the motor plate to the cap and remove the motor, see figure 6.2. Remove the motor assembly axle (D). NOTE!

The motor assembly axle (D) moves through the motor end only.

NOTE!

When replacing the wires, pay attention to the order of the wires in the fastening plate.

Pull the carriage out of the column to


6.2.7

Service Manual

Replacing the counterweight

Tilt down the column as described in 6.2.1 and remove the column cap and the limiter. Pull the counterweight out of the column so that you can release the wires. After changing the counterweight check the assembly again, carefully to avoid damages.

Service Manual


6.3

POWER UNIT REPAIR

6.3.1

Removal and assembly of the rear cover

Unplug the mains cord. To remove the rear cover, unscrew the four screws on it, two at the top and two at the bottom. 6.3.2

Replacing the POWER / INVERTER board

Unplug the mains cord. Remove the rear cover and disconnect all cables from the power/ inverter board. Remove the plastic nuts from the corners of the power board, and replace the board. Go to chapter 5, ALIGNMENT & ADJUSTMENT and check the kV, mA, preheat, and protection circuit. 6.3.3

Replacing other parts

The capacitor is installed with a plastic holder. Open the plastic nut and replace the capacitor. Beware of electrical shocks.


6.4

CARRIAGE REPAIR

6.4.1

Removal and assembly of the side covers

Service Manual

Loosen the screw holding the side cover and take the cover out. When reassembling, first put the upper side of the cover on its holders. 6.4.2

Replacing the mains transformers

Remove the power supply plug. Remove the side covers. Remove all cables connected to the transformer, and open the four screws at the bottom of the transformer base. After replacing the transformer, check the cables carefully.

Service Manual



6.4.3

Service Manual

Replacing the boards on the electronic plate

Open the screws holding the corners of the electronic plate. Pull out the whole electronic plate to the left side. Remove the cables and nuts in the corners of the board, which you intend to replace. Check the cables and assembly carefully. If you replace the PULSE board go to ALIGNMENT & ADJUSTMENT section and check kV, mAs, and preheat. If you replace the C&Z drive check compression force. If you replace the CPU board, EE-prom or the software go to Setup chapter on 2.13 in the Installation Instructions manual. 6.4.4

Replacing the SUPPLY board

Remove all cables and screws holding the board and replace it. Check the cables and assembly carefully. After changing, go to ALIGNMENT & ADJUSTMENT section and check light intensity.

Service Manual

6.4.5


Replacing the magnetic brake and its assembly

Remove the side covers and pull out the electronic plate with the cables. Disconnect all cable connectors and pull loose connectors through the center axis on the C-arm. Remove the four nuts behind the brake, and remove the other parts in the following order: - locking plate with the counter plate for magnetic brake. - the disc springs - the magnetic brake connected to the assembly plate. See figures 6.7a, b and c. Unscrew the friction plate and replace it with a new one. Replace the other parts: magnetic brake, 4x7 pairs of disc springs, locking plate, and finally the locking nuts. Tighten the four nuts so that the locking plate is completely shut. Then unscrew them half a turn. The brake is adjusted using a 20 VDC power supply connected to the brake. The adjustment is performed either by tightening or loosening the holding nuts. The brake should be adjusted in such a way that the holding force measured


Service Manual

Service Manual


Figure 6.7d

Performa


6.4.6

Service Manual

Replacing the MGF DISPLAY board

Open the four screws at the bottom of the display box and remove the rear cover of the box. Open the holder screws, remove the cables and replace the board.

Service Manual


6.5

C-ARM REPAIR

6.5.1

Removal and assembly of the C-arm covers

Remove the four screws on top of the top cover. Lift up the cover and remove it. Remove the two screws near the collimator opening to remove the lower cover. Turn the C-arm in a lateral position to remove the back cover of the C-arm. Disconnect the cables for pcb boards and 6.5.2

Replacing the handgrips

Remove the C-arm and the back cover. Disconnect the handgrip buttons and unscrew the handgrips. Attach new handgrips and connect the buttons. Replace the C-arm and the covers and check the assembly. 6.5.3

Replacing the brake switch

Unscrew the switch, disconnect the wires, and replace the switch. 6.5.4

Replacing the vertical drive control switch

The switches are located in the lower cover of the C-arm. Therefore to remove them, remove first the upper cover and then the lower cover and push the switch out. Install a new one and test the movement direction.


Service Manual

Service Manual



6.5.5

Service Manual

Replacing the x-ray tube

Remove the C-arm covers and diaphragm, and disconnect the plugs of the tube and unscrew the four bolts below the tube(1/4 x 20 UNC). The bolts inside the collimator require a long hexagonal wrench. Go to ALIGNMENT & ADJUSTMENT section and check kV, mAs and preheat. 6.5.6

Replacing the high voltage unit

Disconnect the ground wires and the plugs of the high voltage unit, and loosen the four screws, two on each side of the unit. After replacing it, check the assembly and the ground cables carefully. Go to ALIGNMENT & ADJUSTMENT section and check kV, mAs and preheat. 6.5.7

Replacing the AMD board

Unplug the mains cord. Remove the upper cover of the C-arm and disconnect all cables leading to the anode motor drive board. Replace the board, reconnect all cables, and check the assembly. Go to ALIGNMENT & ADJUSTMENT section and check the run voltage NOTE!

ALIGNMENT & ADJUSTMENT section is in the Installation Instructions manual.

Service Manual

6.5.8


Replacing the compression motor

Remove the upper cover of the C-arm and unscrew the motor. Replace it and connect the motor plug. Go to ALIGNMENT & ADJUSTMENT section and check the compression force and adjust if needed. 6.5.9

Replacing the compression system

Remove the C-arm and the back cover. Unscrew the four bolts holding the compression unit and remove it. Before assembling and tightening the bolts of the new unit, be sure that the beveled gears are perfectly placed, and also that the trapezoidal shaft has no slack. Go to ALIGNMENT & ADJUSTMENT section (in Installation Manual) and check the compression force and adjust if needed. On PERFORMA, RT/IQ make sure that the cable for the strain gages is properly placed and does not enter the compression mechanism. 6.5.10 Replacing the compression thickness measurement potentiometer

Remove the c-arm. Remove the high voltage transformer. Remove the four screws on the potentiometer (two up and two down). Change the potentiometer. Check also the potentiometer glide located on the compression system mechanical clutch bracket. 6.5.11 Replacing the compression force measurement system (strain gages)

Remove the C-arm and the back cover. Unscrew two bolts in the gear box and


Service Manual

Service Manual



Service Manual

6.5.13 Replacing the cassette holder base cover

Remove the cassette holder or Bucky device and open the screws of the cover. Disconnect the plugs from the cover, and replace the cover, the detector, or the CAS-OPTO board in the cover. 6.5.14 Replacing the cassette holder base

Remove the base cover and take the cables out of the base. Unscrew the two attachment bolts and replace the base.

Service Manual



Service Manual

6.5.15 Replacing the collimator

Remove the upper, lower cover of the C-arm and the collimator plate. Disconnect the lamp cable. Unscrew the four collimator bolts on both sides and replace the collimator. To remove the lamp base, disconnect the cable, open the lock screw and unscrew the base. Go to the ALIGNMENT & ADJUSTMENT section and adjust the x-ray field and light field after replacement. 6.5.16 Replacing the light field bulb

Turn the unit off and leave it for a while to allow the bulb to cool. Remove the collimator plate and the old bulb by pulling out. When fitting the new one, avoid touching the bulb with your fingers. Go to the ALIGNMENT & ADJUSTMENT section and check the light field alignment.

Service Manual


6.5.17 Replacing the beam filter mechanism

Remove the upper and lower cover from the c-arm. Remove the X-ray tube. The beam filter on Alpha III is attached directly on the lead frame. When replacing the filter change the whole lead frame. On PERFORMA, RT/IQ both Molybdenum and Rhodium filter are molded in the plastic filter frame. When replacing the filter change the whole plastic frame. 6.5.18 Replacing the compression display board

Remove the upper and lower cover from the c-arm. The compression display board is located on the lower cover. Remove the attachment screws and replace the board. 6.5.19 Replacing the detector display board

Remove the bottom plate of the detector display housing. Remove connector X1 from the detector display board and open the screw attaching the board to the housing. Open the white plastic on the cassette holder base. Remove the cable connectors from the two microswitches on both sides of the AEC detector. Replace the detector display board.


6.5.20 ECS repair

Service Manual

Service Manual



Service Manual

Service Manual



7

Service Manual

SCHEMATICS 7.1 Main wiring diagram .........................................................................

31812-1JH

7.2 Supply board ..................................................................

32030-3SE, 32030-3KD

7.3 CPU board .....................................................................

32245-3KC, 32245-3SE

7.4a C & Z Driver board (soft comp.) .................................

33035-3KD, 33035-3SE

7.5a Display board ................................................................................... 7.5b Display board ...................................................................................

91420-3B4 91419-4C8

7.6a Cas-opto board OPTIPOINT ........................................ 7.6b Cas-opto board ................................................................................ 7.6c Cas-opto board .................................................................................

33280-3S, 33280-3KA 92983-4C1 92984-4B2

7.7a Bucky control board ........................................................................ 7.7b Bucky control board ........................................................................

92670-4C7 92744-3B8

7.8 Anode Motor Driver board .......................................... 7.9 High voltage unit ................................................................................

32305-3SC, 32305-4KD 32370-4SB

Service Manual


7.20 ECS Driver Board ........................................................ 7.21 Wiring diagram ECS 200.................................................................

32720-3SD, 32720-3KA 32862-2JB

7.22 Detector Optipoint .............................................................................

33285-3K

7.23 Software Block Diagram ....................................................................

33892-2L


Service Manual

Instrumentarium Imaging offices outside of Finland:

Instrumentarium Imaging P.O.Box 20, FIN-04301 Tuusula, Finland Tel. + 358 10 394 6500 Fax + 358 10 394 6501 [email protected] www.instrumentarium.com/imaging •

•

Instrumentarium Imaging, Inc 300 West Edgerton Avenue, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53207, USA Tel. +1 800 558 6120 Fax +1 414 481 8665 [email protected] usa.instrumentarium.com •

•

Instrumentarium Imaging France 4, Avenue des Roses, 94386 Bonneuil Sur Marne Cedex, France Tel. +33 1 43 39 51 51 Fax +33 1 43 39 75 75 [email protected] •

Instrumentarium Imaging Italia srl 20041 Agrate Brianza (MI) Centro Direzionale Colleoni, Viale Colleoni, 11, Interno 3, Italia

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1 A C I

c c n 100nF n n t r e y a G c s y s t S c 4 C C V S 1 C S V V e C g i n n o A c 1 N a 5 B m v 1 8 F R R C 1 1 A 0 2 D 1 1 T 3 5 C C R14 1 F N N

2k2/5W R10 10k R4 C1 C9 ++

2200

F H1 R18 5K62 121k

D

100nF C12

3 1

V8

C

4700

F 10k

R13

100k

R12

R19 1 V

10k

R5 5 V 7 1 1 2 R k 1

4 0 0 4 N 1

C4

4 0 0 4 N 1

6 V

C5 +

470

+

4700 4k32

R6

+

C2

F

470

D

H3

4k75 R3

2 V

3 V

10k 10k

4 0 0 4 N 1

4 0 0 4 N 1

10k C8 +

C7 100

T 3 A F 5 . 0

10 F

+

T 1 A 4 F

2 T F A 5

F

E

4 1 X

1 X C A V 4 2

1 X

2 X D N G PIIRT.

1 X C A V 8 1

23.09.92 JJS

F

F H2

R2

R1

A

R E I F I L P M A D N G

100nF

8 4 1 4 N 1

k 0 0 1

C10

PIIRT.

R E I F I L P M A +

4

R20

R22 10k

BDX33A 1 1 R

2 P M A L J O R P

31281

10k

V7

C

7

MUUTOS

E

2 X

4 X

6

MUUT.NO

1 X

1 X C A V 5 1 YLEISTOLERANSSI

27.05.93 MTL F TARK. NO

4 V

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

ICD26 R C1 1D

2

1

5 6 9 12 15 16 19

2 3 4 5 6 7 8

ICA3

18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11

1RN29

2

3 5 7

4 6 8 4X470

ARELOFF ARELON *ANGCS ANGCLK CDLATCHENABLE CDCLOCK CDCS(ADC) CDDATAOUT

3 4 5 6

[2]

74HC163

37 X2 38 39 40 36 35 34 31 14 13 12 11

N/C 3MHZ N/C N/C

74HC273

MUUTOS

PIIRT.

D

31529

C109=2.2n.

9.9.97HK

E

31732

R27,R28=4x470R.

1.12.98NJ

eps-200SIGNALNAMES ADDED

18.4.96JJS

C

1,5D

ULN2803A LAITE

MERKKI

MUUT.NO

TARK.

9.9.97LTu

HYV.

9.9.97JJS

TARK.

INSTRUMENTARIUM 8.5.96HK

8.5.96JJS

MGF101/110 SFS4011 SUHDE

LIITTYY HYV.

imaging

NIMI

CPUBOARD

NO

MGF32245-3SE

V1.4

[1] [4] [8]

PIIRT.

7.12.1993SK TI JJS

YLE I T LE R

I

:

92744-8.sch-1 - Thu Jun 15 09:11:20 2000

+24V

+24V

X1

+5V

1 NC NC NC

1 C

GND

L1 2 1 3 6

NC

150

NC NC

+5V

H

n 0 0 1

+

u 0 0 1 2 C

X1

IC1 L4962 7 IN OUT 8 9 16 SOFT FRQ 15 OSC GND COM FB 14 4 512 13 11 10

+

2 3 u 2 C

2 1 2 n 2 R 3 K 4

3 5 7 R k 4

+

u 0 0 1

7 n C 0 0 1

8 n C 0 0 1

0 n 1 0 C 0 1

2 1 C

n 3 3

4 C

2

5 C

7 2 V Y B

1 V

2 K R 5 1

+5V

+5V

CPUVCC

X2

8

R 0 3 3

k 1

7 1

'

IC7 1

X2

1

20

7

MCT2E

CD_DATA_OUT

1 X4 2 OPTIO

+5V

40

IC8

38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31

2

39

4

22 STROBE

30

21 CLK

29 282 RN1 274 266 258 24 23

DATA

40106

6 IC3

'

MCT2E

IC7 3 40106

CD_LATCH_ENABLE

X23 IC6 UCN5818 '

MCT2E

IC7

6

5 CD_CLOCK

k 0 9 1 R

'

IC7

6

13

12

19

8 RN4 6 4 2

6 RN3

5

8

7

330R

BLANKING 9

10

10 9 3 4 5 6 7 8 3 4 5 6 7 8

8 7 6 5 4 3 910 5 N 1 R

k 0 1

+

9 C

RN3

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 6 N 1 R

k 0 1

k 0 1

'

MCT2E

+24V

+5V +5V

X3

3

AIN

X3

2

GNDOUT

X3

1

CD_DATA_IN CPUGND

X2

2

X2

7

5 0 k 1 1 R

1 1 V

8 4 1 4 N 1

0 1 V

8 4 1 4 N 1

R7 IC11

1 2 3 4 n 0 0 1

1 1 C

MCT2E

3 4 5 6 7 8

H4

330R

+5V +5V

VCCOUT

6 V

k k 7 0 7 0 N 1 N R 1 R

8

VCC REF+ INCL DOUT REF*CS GND

k 0 1

7 N 1 R

7

9 10 5 4 3 2 8 7

H2 1 6

+24V

+24V

+24V

4 0 7 0 V 4 N 1

4 0 8 0 V 4 N 1

4 0 9 0 V 4 N 1

4 0 0 4 N 47R/5W 1

6

X1

5

X1

14

4

X1

11

3

X1

3

R6

330R

+24V

168 7 2 1 9 10 15

H3

330R

IC4

6 1

330R

10 40106

5

7 5

1

1 1 1 N R

IC7 11

X2

H1

7 2 3

3

2

+5V

CD_CS(ADC)

4 5 10 9 8

7 330R 5 3 1

40106 u 0 1

8 RN2

330R

18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11

+5V

1 330R

3 5 7

4 IC5

3

2 1

40106

X2

4 RN2

10 X4 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 OPTIO

R11 6 IC2 L293B

4

5 V

512 13

6 5

4 0 4 0 V 4 N 1

4 0 3 0 4 V N 1

4 0 2 0 V 4 N 1

4 0 0 4 N 1

TLC549 +5V

220R R8

IC12

+5V

IC10

14 VCC

5 7 4 k 4 R

'

100k

1 2 4 5

IC7 9

R5

8 40106

3 6 8 11

9 10 12

13 GND

1 S

n 0 0 1

6 C

74HC126

7

PIIRT. MERKKI

MUUT.NO

MUUTOS

PIIRT.

TARK.

HYV.

TARK.

ALPHART

15.1.93OPO LIITTYY

SFS4011 YLEISTOLERANSSI SUHDE

:

+15V

X3

TP17 +15V "EXP"

X3

11

k 0 1 X 9

*EXPENA

TYPE

+15V H2

11

R32

10 40106

12

k 0 1 X 4

3K32

40106 18

X3

ICD1

7 ICD1 13

TUBEFAIL

k 0 3 1 3 R

R35

R36

TYPE

475R

CURRENTLIMIT LM339

3 K 4 2 R 3 3

9

ICA4 10 11

4 0 4 k 0 1 R 1 C

+15V

TYPE

13

1 7 N k 0 R 1 X 9

LM339 D17

n 0 1

+15V

1

S1

3 4

2

6

5

R45

ICD2 8

TEST

Q

TYPE

15

9 1 D

R50

HFB

16

5

4 5 C

3 1 C

6 2 8 k R 3 4

n 0 1

ICD3

7 2 8 1

0 . 2 5 - 2 6 D 3 3 M L

+15V

+15V

k 0 3 1 N 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 X 9 R CHIPSEL

k 7 0 1 X RN4 2 9 91

X3 TYPE

12

X3

13 8 7

CLK DATA0 DATA1

6

DATA2

6 RN5 5

5 4

DATA3 DATA4

43 21

3

DATA5

2 1

DATA6 DATA7

TYPE X3

TYPE X3 TYPE

X3

A 4X10k

8 ICA2100k 12 13

3 RN4 4 56 78

/WR

6 RN6 5 43 21

TP21

SHUTDOWN

6 1 C

n 0 1

D23

8 1 C

100n

14

D24

6 1 D

7 2 V Y B

R 2 1 4 R

"PULSEA"

+25V

3

6

3 5 4

ICD3

&

k 0 1

6

ICA51

1N4148 2 5

10k

4

ENABLE PULSE

PRIM

2

1

4 + 3 k 0 1 2 5 0 C 2 R 1

RED

GND 3SG3635

8 5 5 7 K R 4

5k11

TF1

Vs

R56

4023

1 0 k 6 R 1

R65

H4

5 + 1 k 0 1 2 6 0 C 2 R 1

2k

R67

9 1 C

+25V

+25V D21

R105

1N4148

ICD114 4

p 0 2 2

k 0 1 X 9

1

2

5

p 0 0 1

k 0 1

7

1 + 3 k 2 2 7 0 C 2 R 0 1

Vs

7

2

7 5 7 7 K R 4

n 0 2 2

3 2 C

16

D6OUT1 D7

7 2 V Y B

[1V~10kV]

1M

+15V

8 k 2 + 0 7 0 2 2 C 2 R 1

0 1 8 k R 1

+15V

TP25

AD7524 2 1 8 k 8 R 6

4 2 C

V 4 3 +

1k R66

R69

+15V

14kVfb

+15V

R64

1N4148

TYPE

D1

ICD1 40106

C17

RG2 RG1

1N4004

5

500R

k 0 1

4 1 D

TP19

k 0 1 X 4 R54

8 6 9 R 0 k 9

VDD

D3 D4 D5RFB

4X10k

20 19

"OPFRQ" TP20

IRF642

3 D0 GND 1510R76 D1 VREF D2LM32410kR79

10 9 8 7 6 5 4

p 0 0 5

3

7 k 5 0 R 1

4

7

T13

LM324 R55

7 2 V Y B

SEC

500R

1

6 k 1 0 N 1 R X 4

5 1 D

TF3 3

10k

ICA4

11

4X10k

4X10k

3 6 R

ICD1 40106

TP22 7

7 2 V Y B

R48

9

3k65

kV-ADJUSTMENT

1

ICA1 5 6

3 1 D 1W

2 4 R 0 9 1 3 R

3 H BRIDGECURRENT

9 5 4 7 2 K 1 R 4 C

kV-FEEDBACK k 0 1

-15V

p 3 3

R46

1N4005

&

4023

n 2 2

2

-15V

14

7 D18

+15V

TL074

A 1 0 1 D S

0 2 D

n 0 1

7 2 8 8 R k 1

1 1 C

7 11

k 0 1 X 4

12

4013

9 C

+15V

100k

4ICA3

6

10k

1 1 8 4 k R 6

39R2

3

0 R 4 0 5 R 7

"SHUTDOWN"

13

R47

X3

2

1

1k

TP18

14

S C1 1D R

11 9 10

1k

SD101A

+15V A 1 0 1 D S

8

ICA3 NORMAL

10 14 17

R38

R39TL074

9

14 +15VICA4

+15V

X3

R37

47k5

6K81

n 4 2 0 8 6 0 R k 5 1

D26

D27

1N4148

1N4148

fMIN

fMAX

3 1 8 k 8 R 6

5 5 8 k 2 R 1 C

1

1

TRISTATE

1 0 0

0 1 0

HIGH LOW HIGH

n 0 0 1

1N4004 D2

X1 11

X1 1

1 K

K1

2 H J JH2

2 K K2

1 H J JH1

36MB100

TP2

R1

LINE

F1

R110

20AF

VOLTAGE

100R/25W

D3 TP5

1 C X1

X1

X1

TP7

47R

3

4

JH2

N/C

1 E S

N/C

2 F T

8 1 E K 6 P

4 D

2 C

n 0 0 1

+

3 C

2 K 1 7 8 4 R 6

CAPACITOR X2

TP1

6 D

1 E S 1 F T

1

7 D

8 1 E K 6 P

8 D

2 E S 1 F T

T4

9 D

8 1 E K 6 P

TP9

47R T6

47R R26 5 C

7 M 8 1 n 6 R 1 TP34

8 1 E K 6 P

0 1 D

2 E S

3 K 4 K 5 K 1 1 1 1 1 1 R R R

2 F T

0 M 8 3 n 6 R 1

TP4 TF3

PRIM

1

L1

C8

2

1

2

2 5

T10 R24

TP10 1

X4 6 C

HP1

1

HP1

2

X4

TP14

R25 1

47R47R

T9

1

1 K 2 K 3 K 2 1 2 1 2 1 R R R

8 1 E K 6 P

TP35

T5

T8 TP13

1

47R

TP40

1

47R R12

3 k R 0 0 2

8 6 n 1 M 6 R 1

R10 47R

2

4 C

TP8

TP38

TP12 1

47R

7 K 8 K 9 K R 1 R 1 R 1

R11 X2

T3

1

TP37

X2

R19 R20

47R

8 1 E K 6 P

5 D

47R

1

R6

T7

R18

TP39

T2

1

R5

H1 K1

TP11

TP6

47R

"310V"

2

T1

R4

TP36

n 0 0 1

1 1 D

8 1 E K 6 P 8 1 E K 6 P

T11 TP15 1

T12 1

TP16

7 C

1

1 M 8 3 n 6 R 1

4

3

X4

7 K 8 K 9 K 2 1 2 1 2 1 R R R TP3 L2 2

1

X4

HPI HPI

5 6

CONNECTORS: X1:LINEVOLTAGE X2: BULKCAPACITOR X3:FILAMENTCONTROLBOARD(controlsignals) X4:HIGHVOLTAGEUNIT X5:FILAMENTCONTROLBOARD(supply voltages) X6:WARNINGLIGHTINTERFACE

+15V

+15V

1 8 k 5 0 N 1 R X 4

k k 8 6 0 N 7 5 7 8 9 10 1 0 R N X 1 9 X R 4 7

4 2 3 7

+15V LM324 1

11 ICA1

13 12

TL074 14 ICA3

9 10

+15V

TL074

7

8 ICA3

6

3

ICA4 1

12

YLEISTOLERANSSI

PIIRT.

LM339 PIIRT.

MERKKI MUUT.NO

MUUTOS

C 31413LISATTY D3823.1.97AM

TARK.

31.1.97HK

HYV.

31.1.97JJS

LAITE

TARK.

05.04.94JJS

HYV.

19.05.94HK 19.05.94JJS

LIITTYY

ALPHAIII/ST/RT

SFS4011 SUHDE

:

+34V

TP26

X5

TP27

1 RN2 2 1

ICA7

A 4X10k

+34V

N/C N/C N/C

N E E R G

H9

7 IN 8 9 16 15 SOFT OSCGND 14 4 512 13

L4962 2 1 3 6

+15V

3 RN2 4

L3

OUT

B 4X10k N/C

150

N/C N/C

H H8

FRQ COM FB 11 10

N E E R G

8 1 8 k R 9

"+34V" V 0 5 6 / 2 C 0 0 0 1

X5 TYPE

9 1 8 8 R K 6

7 4 E K 6 P 8 2 C

9 2 2 u 2 C

4 k 9 1 R

5

0 7 4

-34V

90R9

F

R95

4 + 3 D

3 3 C

0 1

1

2 -34V

5 1 7 9 K R 4

n 3 1 3 3 C

7 2 C

+

0 7 4

9 2 D

8 1 E K 6 P

2 2 9 3 k R 3

TP29

p 0 3 3

0 1 H

+

LM337

7 2 V Y B TP28

2 6

2 3 C

0 3 D

0 K 9 5 R 1

+ 2 3 2 n 3 2 9 R K 4

0 3 C

V 0 5 / F

X5

8 2 D

+

8 1 E K 6 P

2 3 6 k 9 3 R

3 ICA8

CONTACTS FOR WARNING LIGHTS -15V

D31 1N4004

RG2

D 5 RN2

1 3 P T

VB24 6

4 0 0 4 N 1

C 4X10k

6 3 D

K4

1 RN8 +34VREL

2

A4X10k

7

N/C N/C

H12

TP33

ICA9

L4962 OUT

IN 8 9 16 15 SOFT OSC GND 14 4 512 13

N/C

D E R

VB24

D38

TP32

3

4 K

7 3 8 1 D 9 8 K R 6

X5

FRQ

1 3 6

N/C

150

N/C N/C

5 3 C

u 6 0 3 1 C

+15V

+15V

+15V

+15V

+15V

+15V

3 3 D

9 K 9 5 R 1

+ 2 2 2 n 3 2 0 K 1 4 R

4

C k 0 1 X 4

X6

2

X6

n 3 8 3 3 C

7 2 V Y B

4 0 0 4 N 1

+25V

5 3 D

K3

1

X6

X-RAYS!

4 2 B V 3 K

X-RAYUNITON

B4X10k H

H11

7 9 k 8 R 1

COM FB 11 10

7 3 C

-15V D k 0 1 X 4

3

3 RN8 4

L4

2

D E R

"+34VREL" 7 4 E K 6 P

X6

4 2 B V

+34V

1N4004

X5

4

TP30 7

k 0 1 X 4

4 3 C 0 5 7 0 K 1 4 R

7 2 E K 6 P

+

0 7 4

2 3 D

1 8 0 k 1 6 R

p 0 3 3

+15V

7 9 3 C

n 0 0 4 0 1 C

n 0 1 4 0 1 C

n 0 2 4 0 1 C

n 0 3 4 0 1 C

n 0 4 4 0 1 C

n 0 5 4 0 1 C

n 0 6 4 0 1 C

n 0 0 1

PIIRT. MERKKI

C

MUUT.NO

31413

MUUTOS

LISATTY D38

PIIRT.

23.1.97AM

TARK.

31.1.97HK

HYV.

31.1.97JJS

TARK. HYV.

ALPHAIII/ST/RT

05.04.94JJS 19.05.94HK 19.05.94JJS

LIITTYY

SFS4011 SUHDE Y LE I T L E R

I

:

Mastografo GE (Instrumentarium) Alpha RT

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