]~dar H~`fac
NB*4717 Hnajakak Rfr}nj @ake~}
Rfr}nj Hnajakak wama Eayfkdak Ufdinn
Tatak 929721=1
E~y~rak ]nhko`odf Fkloyjarf Mnway}njnk ]nhkfh N`nh}yo Fkr}f}~} ]nhko`odf Iakm~kd
Mal}ay Frf Ca`ajak Mal}ay Frf ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ f Mal}ay Dajiay mak ]ain` ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ff Air}yah ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
fff
F+
Wnkmac~`~ak +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ F+1+ @a}ay In`ahakd +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ +++++++++ F+9+ ]~e~ak ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ++++++++++++++++++++++++++ F+2+ @fkdh~w Jara`ac ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ +++
1 1 1 9
FF+
Ufdinn+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ FF+1 Ayrf}nh}fy Ufdinn ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ++++++++++++++ FF+9 @awfrak Wfrfh #WCV& +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ FF+2 @awfrak Jnmfa Abbnrr Bok}yo` +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ FF+=+ @awfrak Eayfkdak #KTH @avny & ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ FF+>+ @awfrak Aw`fharf +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ++++++++++
9 9 2 = > <
FFF+ Am|akbnm Nkbyvw}fok R}akmaym #ANR& +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ FFF+1 Wnkdd~kaak ANR wama Ufdinn +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ FFF+9+A`doyf}ja ANR +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ++++++++++++++++++++++++++
< < 4
F\+ Rfr}nj Hnajakak wama Ufdinn ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ F\+1+ Maray @avakak Hnajakak wama Ufdinn ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ F\+1+1+ Hok}yo` Ahrnr #abbnrr bok}yo`& mak Fk}ndyf}ar Wnrak #jnrradn fk}ndyf}v& ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ F\+1+9+ Hnyacarfaak #boklfmnk}fa`f}v& +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ F\+1+2+ Wny`fkm~kdak Wnkd~`akdak Wnrak # ynw`av wyo}nb}fok& ++++++ +++++++++ +++ + F\+9 Wyo}oho` Ufdinn ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ++++++++++++++++++++++++++ F\+9+1+ R}akmay FNNN 379+1>+= ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ F\+9+9+ Hnajakak wama Jnmfa Abbnrr Bok}yo` ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ F\+9+9+1 Ha}ndoyf Yakdhafak Hnajakak +++++++++++++++++++++++++ A+ K~`` ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ++++++ I+ ANR*B]Y ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ B+ ANR*BIB*JAB +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ M+ ANR*BBJ ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ F\+2+ Jomn` Wnkd~kbfak #Hnvfkd Jomn`& ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ hnvfkd& +++++++ F\+2+1+ Wnkd~kbfak Wnkd~kbfak Eayfkdak Eayfkdak inyiadf #Kn}toyh rcaynm hnvfkd&+++++++ F\+2+9+ Wafytfrn hnvfkd ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ F\+2+2+ Dy~w Hnvfkd +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ +++++++ F\+2+=+ Wnkmnha}ak Dai~kdak #Cviyfm awwyoabcnr& +++++++++++++++++++++++++ F\+= Fjw`njnk}arf +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ +++++++++++++++++++
6 17 17 11 19 19 19 12 14 14 13 16 16 97 97 91 91 91 99
\+ Wnk~}~w +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Mal}ay W~r}aha +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ +++++++++++++++++++++++
99 92
f
Mal}ay Dajiay mak ]ain` Ca`ajak
Mal}ay Dajiay Dajiay 1+ Ayrf}nh}~y Ufdinn ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ++++++++++++++++ Dajiay 9+ ]owo`odf Eayfkdak wama Ufdinn mnkdak YLM mak LLM +++++++++++++ Dajiay 2+ Wyornr Nkhyfwrf ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ +++++++++++++++ Dajiay =+ Loyja} Wahn} Ma}a mak Abhkot`nmdjnk} +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Dajiay >+ Loyja} Lfn`m Ma}a ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ +++ Dajiay <+ Loyja} mayf jar~hak AB@ +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Dajiay 4+ Loyja} jar~hak jar~hak # sf& ~k}~h bcfwny i`oh wama yakdhafak ANR*B]Y mak ANR*BBJ +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
2 < 4 1> 1> 1< 16
Mal}ay ]ain` ]ain` 1+ @niay Lynhtnkrf mak Hnbnwa}ak Ma}a wama Ufdinn ++++++++++++++++++++++ ]ain` 9+ Wrn~mo Bomn Wyornr Nkhyfwrf ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ]ain` 2+ Wrn~mo Bomn Wyornr Mnhyfwrf +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ]ain` =+ Yakdhafak Hnajakak vakd mfm~h~kd o`nc R}akmay FNNN 379+1>+= +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
ff
= 3 6 1=
Air}yah Wnjahafak lynhtnkrf wama hfrayak }akwa `frnkrf in`~j wow~`ny hc~r~rkva mf Fkmoknrfa, inyinma mnkdak kndaya*kndaya rnwny}f Ajnyfha Rnyfha}, Nyowa mak Enwakd vakd rakda} dnkbay jnkdnjiakdhak lynhtnkrf }akwa `frnkrf fkf ~k}~h wnkdnjiakdak wnyakdha}*wnyakdha} fkm~r}yf, hojnyrfa` mak y~jac }akdda+ ^k}~h jnkdn}ac~f ufdinn rnbaya ~j~j, ma`aj }~`frak fkf mf~yafhak }nk}akd ayrf}nh}~y ufdinn r}akmay vakd }n`ac mf}n}awhak o`nc FNNN+ 37>+1>+= mak Ufdinn a``fakbn #a`fakrf wny~racaak wnkdnjiakd ufdinn& vakd jn`fw~}f `awfrak
lfrfh, `awfrak eayfkdak mak `awfrak aw`fharf+ Rnmakdhak ~k}~h hnajakak eayfkdak wama ufdinn vakd ahak mfiacar wama `awfrak `awfrak lfrfhkva #JAB(WCV& raea+ Wnjiacarak vakd yfkbf }nk}akd hnajakak ufdinn jn`fw~}f hnajakak wama `awfrak Jnmfa Abbnrr Bok}yo` mnkdak jnkdd~kahak jnkdd~kahak a`doyf}ja fk}f hyfw}odyalf mayf ANR vakd mf ma`ajkva jnkvnmfahak jnkvnmfahak wf`fcak yakdhafak hnajakak hnajakak ak}aya `afk 5
K~``, ANR*B]Y, ANR*BIB*JAB*193, ANR*BIB*JAB*<=, ANR*BIB*JAB*29, ANR*BBJ*193, ANR*BBJ*<= mak ANR*BBJ*29 rny}a jnkvnmfahak `avakak hnjakak ak}aya `afk hok}yo` ahrnr #abbnrr bok}yo`&, fk}ndyf}ar wnrak #jnrradn fk}ndyf}v&, hnyacarfaak wnrak
#jnrradn
boklfmnk}fa`f}v&, mak wny`fkm~kdak
wnkd~`akdak wnrak #ynw`av wyo}nb}fok&+
Ha}a h~kbf5 Ufdinn A``fakbn , ANR, BIB, BBJ mak B]Y
fff
F+ F+1+
Wnkmac~`~ak @a}ay In`ahakd
Ufdinn jnkda`ajf wnyhnjiakdak vakd b~h~w b~h~w wnra} wnra} fkf }nyi~h}f mayf iakvahkva ay}fhn` ifrkfr jfkdd~ak }nk}akd ufdinn, mak rniakvah 977 oyakd }n`ac fh~} jnkmal}ayhak mfyf wama Ownk Co~rn Jayhn}fkd Wynrnk}a}fok mf Rna}}`n mak rnhf}ay =27 oyakd }n`ac fh~} jnkmal}ayhak mfyf wama Ownk Co~rn Jayhn}fkd oyakd vakd mf cayawhak camfy X11Z+ Wynrnk}a}fok mf Tnifkay mayf =9> oyakd Wnjahafak lynhtnkrf wama hfrayak }akwa `frnkrf in`~j wow~`ny hc~r~rkva mf Fkmoknrfa, inyinma mnkdak kndaya*kndaya rnwny}f Ajnyfha Rnyfha}, Nyowa mak Enwakd vakd rakda} dnkbay jnkdnjiakdhak lynhtnkrf }akwa `frnkrf fkf ~k}~h wnkdnjiakdak wnyakdha}*wnyakdha} fkm~r}yf, hojnyrfa` mak y~jac }akdda+ Mnkdak mnjfhfak jny~wahak ca` vakd wnk}fkd ~k}~h jnkdn}ac~f }nk}akd }nhko`odf mak rfr}nj hnajakak eayfkdak wama ufdinn+ A`a}*a`a} n`nh}yokfh y~jac }akdda, jafkak akah, wnyabakdak wnkvah`ayak `ajw~ y~jac }akdda, rfr}nj hnajakak wama y~jac mak wnyakdha}*wnyakdha} ~k}~h wnyroka` hojw~}ny rnwny}f hnvioaym, jo~rn jny~wahak bok}oc wnkdd~kaak }nhko`odf ufdinn+ ^k}~h jnkdn}ac~f ufdinn rnbaya ~j~j, ma`aj }~`frak fkf mf~yafhak }nk}akd r}akmay ayrf}nh}~y ufdinn vakd }n`ac mf}n}awhak o`nc r}akmay FNNN 37>+1>+= mak Ufdinn a``fakbn vakd jn`fw~}f `awfrak lfrfh, `awfrak eayfkdak mak `awfrak aw`fharf+ Rnmakdhak ~k}~h hnjaakak eayfkdak wama ufdinn vakd ahak mfiacar wama }~`frak fkf cakva hnajakak wama `awfrak lfrfhkva raea+ Mfjaka ~k}~h hnajakak `awfrak lfrfh fkf jnkdd~kahak a`doyf}ja a`doyf}ja fk}f hyfw}odyalf ANR 193 if}+
F+9+
]~e~ak
Inymarayhak `a}ay in`ahakd mf a}ar }~`frak }~dar ahcfy NB4717 fkf iny}~e~ak ~k}~h jnjwn`aeayf hnajakak eayfkdak wama ufdinn mnkdak wnkdd~kaak ANR 193 if} mak rfr}nj hnajakak wama `awfrak Jnmfa Abbnrr
1
Bok}yo`+ Amaw~k }~e~ak }~e~ak vakd `nifc yfkbf mayf wnk~`frak }~dar }~dar fkf ama`ac rniadaf rniadaf
inyfh~}+ a& Jnkdn}ac~f rnea~c rnea~c jaka ayr}nh~}y ufdinn vakd mfhnjiakdhak mfhnjiakdhak o`nc r}akmay FNNN 37>+1>+= mak ufdinn a``fnkbn+ i& Jnjinyfhak wny}fjiakdak*wny}fjiakdak hnajakak ~k}~h ufdinn vakd jn`fw~}f 5 wnknyawak wyo}oho` ufdinn, Am|akbn Nkbyfw}fok R}akmay #ANR&, hnajakak wama `awfrak jnmfa abbnr bok}yo`, jomn` wnkd~kbfak #hnvfkd jomn`&, mak fjw`njnk}arf hnajakak lfrfh ufdinn+
F+2+
@fkdh~w Jara`ac
Jara`ac hnajakak wama rfr}nj ufdinn mawa} mfwakmakd yn`a}fl `~ar mak y~jf}+ Ma`aj }~`frak }~dar N@4717 fkf vakd mf`ah~hak cakva r}~mf wnkdajakak vakd `nifc jnknhakhak wama wyo}oho` ufdinn ~k}~h r}akmay FNNN 37>+1>+= mak ufdinn a``fnkbn rny}a }nhkfh wnknyawak ANR wama wyo}oho` `awfrak jnmfa abbnr bok}yo` ~k}~h ufdinn+
FF+
Ufdinn R}akmay `awfrak eayfkdak wama ufdinn }n`ac mf mnlfkfrfhak o`nc ufdinn
A``fakbn vakd jn`fw~}f 5 `awfrak eayfkdak, `awfrak aw`fharf mak `awfrak hnajakak
vakd mf marayhak wama r}akmay FNNN 379+1>+= ~k}~h @awfrak lfrfh #JAB(WCV&+ Ufdinn jnjw~kvaf jnjw~kvaf ininyawa hn`nifcak ak}aya `afk l`nhrfin` ma`aj wnkdfyfjak wnkdfyfjak ma}a, ifava vakd yn`a}fl j~yac rny}a ynk}akd eayfkdak vakd h~yakd mayf 177 jn}ny, vakd jnj~machak ma`aj fkr}a`arf eayfkdak+
FF+1
Ayrf}nh}fy Ufdinn
^k}~h jnjacajf ayrf}nh}~y ufdinn fkf }nk}~kva cay~r jnkdab~ wama r}akmay FNNN 379+1>+=, mfjaka ayrf}~h}~y ufdinn mfiadf ma`aj ininyawa `awfrak , rnwny}f }ny`fca} wama Dajiay 1+ mf iatac fkf5
9
Aw`fharf Oienb} 1
Aw`fharf Oienb} 2M
UMO ‒ UfdInn Mn|fbn Oienb}r
Mn|fbn Jakadnjnk}
Rnb~yf}v Jakadnjnk}
Ifkmfkd Jakadnjnk}
Kn}toyh Jakadnjnk}
………
…
UMO
Nkmwofk} J~`}fw`nsfkd
RRW * Rnb~yf}v Rny|fbn Wyo|fmny
Jakadnjnk}
W`akn Aww`fba}fok R~wwoy} R~i`avny #AWR& Jnrradn Jakadnjnk}
Lyadjnk}a}fok Jakadnjnk}
Mfrbo|nyv Jakadnjnk}
AW@ Rnb~yf} Rnb~yf} v Jakadnjnk}
KTH ‒ Kn}toyh Kn}toyh @avny Yo~}fkd Jakadnjnk}
Ynl`nb}oy Jakadnjnk}
KTH Rnb~yf Rnb~yf }v Jakadnjnk}
JAB #379+1>+=&
WCV #379+1>+=&
9,= DCu
3<3/61> JCu
Dajiay 1+ Ayrf}nh}~y UfdinnX9Z
FF+9
@awfrak Wfrfh #WCV&
R}akmay FNNN 379+1>+= jnkmnlfkfrfhak m~a ynlynrnk}arf mayf `awfrak lfrfh #WCVr& vakd jnjf`fhf 2 `niay lynhtnkrf }akwa `frnkrf vaf}~ 9,= DCu mnkdak 1< bcakn` , 679*693 JCu mnkdak 17 bcakn` bcakn` mak 3<3*347 JCu mnkdak 1 bcakn` bcakn` mnkdak hnbnwa}ak ma}a jarfkd*jarfkd 9>7 hiwr, =7 hiwr mak 97 hiwr+ Rnwny}f Rnwny}f mawa} mf`fca} wama ]ain` 1+
2
Lynq~nkbv Iakm
WCV
Rwynamfkd Wayajn}nyr Bcakkn` K~jinyfkd Bcfw Ya}n Jom~`a}fok
3<3/61> JCu
3<3*347 JCu 679*693 JCu
7 1 }o 17
277 hbcfw/r <77 hbcfw/r
IWRH IWRH
9+= DCu
9+=*9+=32> DCu
11 }o 9<
9+7 Jbcfwr
O*QWRH
Ma}a Wayajn}nyr If} Ya}n
Rvjio` Ya}n
Jom~`a}fok
97 hi/r =7 hi/r 9>7 hi/r
97 hia~m =7 hia~m <9,> hia~m
IWRH IWRH 1<*ayv Oy}codoka`
]ain` 1+ @niay Lynhtnkrf mak Hnbnwa}ak Ma}a wama Ufdinn
Hnm~a `awfrak lynhtnkrf wama `awfrak lfrfh fkf jnkdd~kahak }nhkfh jom~`arf Mfynb} Rnq~nkbn Rwynam Rwnb}y~j #MRRR&, ]fwn jom~`arf ma`aj lynhtnkrf 9,= DCu jnkdd~kahak Q~amya}~}yn Wcarn Rcfl} Hnvfkd #QWRH&+
FF+2
@awfrak Jnmfa Abbnrr Bok}yo`
@awfrak Jnmfa Abbnrr Bok}yo` fkf mfmnlfkfrfhak o`nc r}akmay FNNN 379+1>+= ak}aya `afk, jnjw~kvaf }~dar ~k}~h wnkdahrnrak ra`~yak+ Ama m~a jnhakfrjn ~k}~h jnkdahrnr ra`~yak vaf}~ jomn inabok #inabok jomn& mak jomn kok inabok #kok inabok jomn&+ jomn&+
Jomn inabok
jnkdd~kahak }nhkfh Bayyfny Rnkrn J~`}fw`n Abbnrr tf}c Bo``frfok A|ofmakbn #BRJA/BA&, rnmakdhak jomn kok inabok jnkdd~kahak }nhkfh kok BRJA/BA+ ]~dar `afk mayf `awfrak Jnmfa Abbnrr Bok}yo` ama`ac ~k}~h jnkm~h~kd Eayfkdak mfjaka jnjf`fhf a`aja} <= if} mak rn}faw rn}faw komn jnjf`fhf a`aja} vakd ~kfh, e~j`ac komn ifra jnkbawaf jnkbawaf 9>= ~k}~h rni~ac rni~ac hooymfka}oy #~k}~h #~k}~h }nhkfh Jar}ny*R`a|n&, rnmakdhak e~j`ac komn ifra jnkbawaf <>>2= efha efha jnkdd~kahak jnkdd~kahak }owo`odf eayfkdaak wnny*}o*wnny #jnrc&+ @awfrak Jnmfa Abbnrr Bok}yo` jnkdd~kahak lyajn abhkot`nmdnjnk}, mnkdak |nyflfharf ma}a jnkdd~kahak BYB 1< if} mak ~k}~h hnajakak ma}a jnkdd~khak wf`fcak nkhyfwfrf mak a~}nk}flfharf 193 if} ANR+
=
FF+=+
KTH @avny & @awfrak Eayfkdak # KTH Rnbaya ~j~j `avakak jakaenjnk eayfkdak ma`aj ufdinn jn`fw~}f 5
hoklfd~yarf wnyakdha}, wnkn}awak eayfkdak vakd iay~, hnakddo}aak eayfkdak, wnkdaja`a}ak eayfkdak, wnjnjf`fcak enkfr hnajakak eayfkdak, rfkhyokfrarf, eajfkak r`o} tah}~, woy}aif`f}ar, hooymfka}oy iabh~w, ynro`~rf hokl`fh wnkdfmnk}flfharf wama Wnyroka` Ayna Kn}toyh #WAK&, wnjf`fcak ra`~yak rnbaya mfkajfr mak jnkdc~i~kdhak rny}a jnkddai~kdhak jnkddai~kdhak eayfkdak+ @awfrak eayfkdak ufdinn jnkm~h~kd }fda }owo`odf eayfkdak vaf}~ r}ay, jnrc mak b`~r}ny }ynn+ ]owo`df r}ay ama`ac }owo`odf eayfkdak vakd ~j~j vakd
jnkvnmfahak ownyarf iny}nkada ia}nynf mnkdak hnh~a}ak `aja+ ]owo`o`odf jnrc, a}a~ wnny*}o*wnny jnj~kdhfkhak hnakma`ak mak rha`aif`f}arar vakd rakda} iafh mnkdak jnkvnmfahak `nifc mayf ra}~ ea`~y ma`aj eayfkdak ~k}~h ininyawa c~i~kdak tfyn`nrr #kfy hain`&+ ]owo`odf B`~r}ny*]ynn jnkdd~kahak dai~kdak }owo`odf r}ay mak }owo`odf jnrc mnkdak jnkddai~kdhak hnm~akva jnjw~kvaf hn~k}~kdak hnakma`ak }fkdha} }fkddf mak m~h~kdak komn mnkdak iny}nkada ia}nyaf+ Wnyakdha} lfrfh ufdinn jnjinmahak wnyakdha} hnyarkva vakd mfmarayhak wama mnlfkfrf r}akmay FNNN 379+1>+= vaf}~ Ynm~bnm L~kb}fok Mn|fbn #YLM& mak L~`` L~kb}fok Mn|fbn #LLM&+ YLM mf}nyawhak mnkdak jnkdd~kahak Yakmoj Abbnrr Jnjoyv #YAJ& mak Ynam Ok`v Jnjoyv #YOJ& mnkdak ~h~yak jfkfj~j mak
mfyakbakd ~k}~h jnkeamf komn wnkdfyfj mak a}a~ wnknyfja vakd rnmnycaka ma`aj rni~ac eayfkdak vakd iny~h~yak rakda} inray+ Mnkdak ~h~yak r}abh vakd hnbf` jaha jnjoyf vakd mfi~}~chak rnmfhf} mak cayda ~k}~h Fk}ndyn}nm Bfyb~f} #FB&*kva w~k vakd mfwny`~hak jnkeamf `nifc j~yac+ Wnyakdha} YLM ~j~jkva iny}nkada ia}nyaf, YLM mawa} jnkbayf eayfkdak vakd }nyrnmfa, jnjfkmachak ma}a, jnknk}~hak awahac ma}a cay~r mfwnkmfkd, jnjfk}a ma}a mayf hooymfka}oy eayfkdak, mak ahak r`nnw ~k}~h wnyfomn tah}~ vakd `aja efha }fmah ama vakd jnkdd~kahak ca` fkf mf`ah~hak ~k}~h jnkd~yakdf hokr~jrf wnkdd~kaak ia}nynf+
>
Dajiay 9+ ]owo`odf Eayfkdak wama Ufdinn mnkdak YLM mak LLM
FF+>+
@awfrak Aw`fharf
@awfrak aw`fharf wama ayrf}nh}~y ufdinn }nymfyf mayf r~i*`avny aw`fharf #AWR&, Ufdinn Mn|fbn Oienb} #UMO& mak mnlfkfrf wnji~a} oienh aw`fharf+ ]akdd~kd eatai mayf r~i*`avny AWR jn`fw~}f jnjn`fcaya }ain` ~k}~h jnkdc~i~kdhak, mfjaka jnjf`fhf hnjajw~ak ~k}~h jnkbobohak m~a wnyakdha} rnbaya inyraja*raja vakd mfmarayhak wama `avakak mak hni~}~cak wnkdd~ka, mak jnkvajwafhak wnrak ak}aya wnyakdha} vakd }nyhaf}+ ]akdd~kd eatai vakd `afk mayf r~i*`avny AWR ama`ac jn`ah~hak wnj~`fcak #mfrbo|nyv&, rny}a jnknk}~hak }akdd~kd*eatai mayf UMO vakd jn`fw~}f wnken`arak }nk}akd a}~yak mayf a`a} ma`aj eayfkdak, jnkdfkfrfa`frarf mak a}a~ jnynrwok mak jnji~a} r~a}~ c~i~kdak hnajakak mfak}aya wnyakdha} eayfkdak+
FFF+ Am|akbnm Nkbyvw}fok R}akmaym #ANR& FFF+1 Wnkdd~kaak ANR wama Ufdinn
Raa} fkf, ANR mfd~kahak rniadaf r}akmay a`doyf}ja hyfw}odyalf vakd }nyiay~+ ANR jnkddak}fhak Ma}a Nkbyvw}fok R}akmay #MNR& vakd wama }ac~k 9779 r~mac inyahcfy jara wnkdd~kaakkva+ MNR e~da mfakddaw }fmah jajw~ `adf ~k}~h jnkeatai }ak}akdak wnyhnjiakdak }nhko`odf hoj~kfharf vakd rakda}
<
bnwa}+ ANR rnkmfyf ama`ac a`doyf}ja hyfw}odyalf mnkdak jnkdd~kahak a`doyf}ja Yfekman` vakd mawa} jnkdnkhyfwrf jnkdnkhyfwrf mak jnkmnhyfwrf i`oh ma}a rnwakeakd rnwakeakd 193 if} mnkdak wakeakd h~kbf 193 if}, 169 if}, a}a~ 9>< if}+ A`doyf}ja fk}f hyfw}odyalf wama ufdinn jnkdd~kahak ANR vakd mfmarayhak wama }fda jomn ownyarf+ 1+ Bo~k}ny Jomn #B]Y& mfd~kahak ~k}~h nkhyfwrf 9+ Bfwcny I`obh Bcafkfkd Jomn #BIB& mfd~kahak ~k}~h Fk}ndyf}ar 2+ BBJ Jomn jny~wahak hojifkarf mayf B]Y mak BIB
FFF+ 9+ A`doyf}ja ANR Fkw~} mak o~}w~} mayf mayf a`doyf}ja ANR }nymfyf mayf ~y~}ak ma}a rninray 193 if}+ ^y~}ak ma}a vakd r~mac }nyink}~h ma`aj ra}~ hn`ojwoh hn`ojwoh 193 if} }nyrni~} mfrni~} e~da rniadaf i`oh ma}a a}a~ w`afk}ns} vakd kak}fkva ahak mfnkhyfwrf jnkeamf bfwcny}ns} rnwny}f wama wama Dajiay 2+ + Bfwcny hnv mayf ANR }nymfyf mayf hnv mnkdak wakeakd 193 if}, 169 if}, a}a~ 9>< if}
Hnv
W`afk}ns}
Wyornr Nkhyfwrf
Bcfwny}ns}
Dajiay 2+ Wyornr Nkhyfwrf Wyornr nkhyfwrf wama a`doyf}ja ANR }nymfyf mayf = enkfr }yakrloyjarf iv}nr, vaf}~ R~iIv}nr Rcfl}Yotr Jfsbo`~jkr, mak AmmYo~kmHnv+ Wama ata` wyornr nkhyfwrf, fkw~} vakd }n`ac mfra`fk hn ma`aj r}a}n ahak jnkda`ajf }yakrloyjarf iv}n AmmYo~kmHnv+ Rn}n`ac f}~, r}a}n ahak jnkda`ajf }yakrloyjarf R~iIv}nr Rcfl}Yotr JfsBo`~jkr, mak AmmYo~kmHnv rnbaya iny~`akd*~`akd rniakvah Ky+
Wyornr fkf ma`aj a`doyf}ja ANR mfrni~} rniadaf yo~km l~kb}fok+ Yo~km vakd
4
}nyahcfy adah inyinma mnkdak yo~km*yo~km rnin`~jkva mfjaka wama yo~km }nyahcfy, r}a}n }fmah jnkda`ajf }yakrloyjarf JfsBo`~jkr+ ]ain` 9+
inyfh~}
ama`ac wrn~mo bomn ~k}~h jarfkd l~kdrf }yakloyjarf ma`aj wyornr Bcfwny +
Bfwcny#iv}n fkX=%KiZ, iv}n o~}X=%KiZ, toym tXKi%#Ky(1&Z& indfk iv}n r}a}nX=,KiZ r}a}n : fk AmmYo~kmHnv#r}a}n, tX7, Ki*1Z& loy yo~km : 1 r}nw 1 }o Ky‒1 R~iIv}nr#r}a}n& Rcfl}Yotr#r}a}n& JfsBo`~jkr#r}a}n& AmmYo~kmHnv#r}a}n, tXyo~km%Ki, #yo~km(1&%Ki*1Z& #yo~km(1&%Ki*1Z& nkm loy R~iIv}nr#r}a}n& Rcfl}Yotr#r}a}n& AmmYo~kmHnv#r}a}n, tXKy%Ki, #Ky(1&%Ki*1Z& o~} : r}a}n nkm ]ain` 9+ Wrn~mo Bomn Wyornr Nkhyfwrf
]yakrloyjarf bfwcny mawa} mfia`fhhak mak mffjw`njnk}arfhak ma`aj ayac vakd iny`atakak ~k}~h jnkdcarf`hak fk|nyrn bfwcny vakd j~mac mfwacajf ~k}~h a`doyf}ja ANR+ ]yakrloyjarf iv}n vakd mfd~kahak wama fk|nyr bfwcny ama`ac Fk|Rcfl}Yotr, Fk|R~iIv}nr, Fk|JfsBo`~jkr, mak AmmYo~kmHnv+ ]ain` 2 inyfh~}
ama`ac wrn~mo bomn ~k}~h jarfkd l~kdrf }yakloyjarf ma`aj wyornr Fk|Bcfwny +
3
Fk|Bfwcny#iv}n fkX=%KiZ, iv}n o~}X=%KiZ, toym tXKi%#Ky(1&Z& indfk iv}n r}a}nX=,KiZ r}a}n : fk AmmYo~kmHnv#r}a}n, tXKy%Ki, #Ky(1&%Ki*1Z& loy yo~km : Ky*1 r}nw *1 motk }o }o 1 Fk|Rcfl}Yotr#r}a}n& Fk|R~iIv}nr#r}a}n& AmmYo~kmHnv#r}a}n, tXyo~km%Ki, #yo~km(1&%Ki*1Z& Fk|JfsBo`~jkr#r}a}n& nkm loy Fk|Rcfl}Yotr#r}a}n& Fk|R~iIv}nr#r}a}n& AmmYo~kmHnv#r}a}n, tX7, Ki*1Z& o~} : r}a}n nkm ]ain` 2+ Wrn~mo Bomn Wyornr Mnhyfwrf
F\+ Rfr}nj Hnajakak wama Ufdinn Wny}~ji~cak wnk}fkd wnyakdha} wnyakdha} kfy hain` vakd iny~h~yak iny~h~yak hnbf` hnbf` mak cayda vakd yn`a}fl j~yac jnji~}~chak r~a}~ w`a}loyj ~j~j rnmnjfhfak rncfkdda a`a} mawa} inyhoj~kfharf ra}~ raja `afk mak ra`fkd inyiadf r~jiny mnkdak ifava vakd vakd j~yac+ j~yac+ Rwnrflfharf Rwnrflfharf r}akmay r}akmay FNNN 379+1>+=
jnkd~yafhak
wyo}oho` kfy hain` mak ahrnr jnmfa ~k}~h wnyakdha}*wnyakdha} WAK+ Ma`aj `fkdh~kdak eayfkdak rnkroy }n`ac jnj~`af jnkdd~kahak wyo}oho` fkf+ Wyo}oho` fkf mfjahr~mhak ~k}~h mffjw`njnk}arfhak ma`aj wnyakdha} hnyar iny~wa bcfw yamfo vakd inyrfla} mnmfba}nm+
Bah~wak mayf aw`fharf aw`fharf ufdinn fkf b~h~w b~h~w `~ar, `~ar,
jn`fw~}f 5 wnkdok}yo` dajn kfy hain`, ca`*ca` vakd inyc~i~kdak mnkdak `fkdh~kdak, jnmfr, mak wnyakdha}*wnyakdha} wnkdok}yo` iakd~kak, ~k}~h wnjakar mak rnkroy y~akd ~maya+ Aw`fharf fkf rnyfkdha`f jnkdd~kahak wnyakdha} vakd mf}njwn`hak mak mfhnkma`fhak mnkdak jfhyohok}yo`ny iny~h~yak 3 a}a~ 1< if} mnkdak jahr~m aday wnyakdha} inyownyarf }akwa bajw~y }akdak jak~rfa ~k}~h wnyfomn tah}~ vakd `aja+ Wnyfomn tah}~ vakd `aja wama ownyarf }akwa hnkma`f ma`aj wnyakdha} hnyar fkf jnjw~kvaf m~a fjw`fharf hn}fha wnyakbakdak rfr}nj vaf}~ wnyakdha}
6
`~kah vakd inyea`ak wama wnyakdha} fkf cay~r jnjf`fhf jn}omn vakd inkay mak rnmnycaka, wnyakdha} wnyakdha} cay~r mfi~a} wnkdd~kaakkva wnkdd~kaakkva nlnrfnk mnkdak wnkdd~kaak wnkdd~kaak nknydf vakd }nyia}ar+ Rwnrflfharf r}akmay FNNN 379+1>+= mfjahr~mhak ~k}~h jnkm~h~kd inyiadaf aw`fharf, mfjaka rniadfak inray ama`ac rfr}nj hnajakak vakd inyrfla} rnkrf}fl+ Rniadaf bok}oc, wny}fjiakdak har~r mayf r~a}~ eayfkdak rnkroy vakd mfd~kahak ~k}~h wnkdatarak hnwnjf`fhak mayf rni~ac iakd~kak mnkdak rfr}nj a`ayj, ama r~a}~ wyf|arf wyf|arf vakd }nyhaf} mnkdak eneah oyakd*oyakd oyakd*oyakd ma`aj iakd~kak iakd~kak }nyrni~}+ Awa`adf, efha eayfkdak }fmah ajak, j~r~c mawa} jnjomflfharf mak jnkajiachak wnrak `afk hn ma`aj a`ayj, a}a~ `nifc wayac `adf, jnja}fhak rfkva` a`ayj+ Iakvah aw`fharf jnjny`~hak hnyacarfaak mak jnjw~kvaf r~a}~ hni~}~cak ~k}~h wny`fkm~kdak }nywam~+ Rncfkdda, rwnrflfharf r}akmay 379+1>+= wnkda`aja}akkva jn`a`~f r~a}~ wahn} hnajakak `fkh*`avny +
F\+1+ Maray @avakak Hnajakak wama Ufdinn
Wyo}oho` hnajakak `awfrak @fkh jnkvnmfahak njwa} `avakak hnajakak maray vaf}~ hok}yo` ahrnr #abbnrr bok}yo`&, fk}ndyf}ar wnrak #jnrradn fk}ndyf}v&, hnyacarfaak wnrak #jnrradn boklfmnk}fa`f}v&, mak wny`fkm~kdak wnkd~`akdak wnrak #ynw`av wyo}nb}fok&+
F\+1+1+ Hok}yo` Ahrnr #abbnrr bok}yo`& mak Fk}ndyf}ar Wnrak #jnrradn fk}ndyf}v&
Jahr~m abbnrr bok}yo` wama wyo}oho` `awfrak `fkh cay~r mawa} jnkbndac wfcah*wfcah vakd }fmah inycah ~k}~h ajif` iadfak ma`aj eayfkdak+ Komn vakd jnjw~kvaf cah cay~r mawa} jnkmn}nhrf wnrak vakd inyara` mayf komn `afk vakd }fmah jnjw~kvaf cah rny}a jnko`ah ~k}~h jnkdahrnr eayfkdak+ Rn`afk f}~, eayfkdak vakd ajak cay~r jnkvnmfahak wny`fkm~kdak }nycamaw fk}ndyf}ar wnrak, efha ama j~r~c vakd jnjomflfharf r~a}~ wnrak, mfjaka wnrak f}~ inyara` mayf wnkdfyfj vakd mfinyf cah, rnmakdhak wnrak ma`aj wyornr wnjfkmacak, jaha wnknyfja cay~r mawa} jnkmn}nhrf hny~rahhak wnrak fkf, }nyjar~h homn wnkdnracak wnrak J nrradn a~}cnk}fba}fok bomn #JAB&X1Z mnkdak jarfkd*jarfkd wahn} jnkvnmfahak wnkdnracak mak fk}ndyf}ar wnrak+
17
JAB mawa} mfwakmakd rniadaf rniadaf r~a}~ bcnbhr~j hyfw}odyalf vakd ajak mayf rni~ac wnrak+ Wnycf}~kdakkva jnjny`~hak wnknyfja mak wnkdfyfj wnrak vakd mfinyf cah ~k}~h inyiadf h~kbf hyfw}odyalf yacarfa, mak h~kbf fkf jnkeamf iadfak mayf jar~hak ~k}~h wnycf}~kdak+ Wnkdfyfj jnkdcf}~kd JAB vakd ama wama wahn} mnkdak h~kbf yacarfa mak }nyjar~h JAB mnkdak wahn}kva+ Wnknyfja inyiadf h~kbf yacarfa vakd raja ~k}~h jnkdcf}~kd ~`akd JAB mak jnjiakmfkdhakkva mnkdak JAB vakd ama mf ma`aj wahn}+ Wnknyfja jnknyfja wahn} efha JAB*kva raja, mak jnko`ahkva efha inyinma+ JAB cay~r mfi~a}
`nifc
r~rac
~k}~h
mfwa`r~hak
}akwa
h~kbf
yacarfa+
Rniadaf
hokrnhtnkrfkva, efha j~r~c jnkd~iac r~a}~ wnrak vakd rac a}a~ jnkv~k}fhak r~a}~ wnrak vakd wa`r~, mfa }fmah ahak jajw~ jnkdcf}~kd hnyrnr~afak JAB, mak wnknyfja ahak jnko`ah wnrak vakd mfwa`r~hak f}~
F\+1+9+ Hnyacarfaak #boklfmnk}fa`f}v&
Hnyacarfaak mfjahr~mhak jnkeada fkloyjarf mayf wfcah vakd }fmah inycah+ Fkf rnbaya hc~r~r mfbawaf mnkdak nkhyfwrf+ Rhnja nkhyfwrf vakd `nifc mfr~haf
rncay~rkva }fmah cakva cakva jnkbndac jnkbndac wnj~`fcak wnrak, }n}awf e~da e~da
jnkbndac j~r~c ~k}~h jnjwn`aeayf rniadfak fkloyjarf wnrak vakd }n`ac mfnkhyfwrf+ Rfla} nkhyfwrf vakd h~a} rnwny}f f}~ mfhnka` mnkdak hnajakak rnjak}fh+ Ra}~ fjw`fharf mayf hnajakak rnjak}fh ama`ac wnkvakmfak m~a ha`f w`afk}ns} vakd raja, jnjinyf m~a bfwcny}ns}r vakd inyinma+ Efha wyornr
nkhyfwrfkva rny~wa ~k}~h m~a wnhnyeak wama wnrak vakd raja, jaha hnajakak rnjak}fh }n`ac mf`akdday mfjaka jnkdcarf`hak bfwcny}ns} vakd rny~wa+ ]nhkfh vakd ~j~j ~k}~h jnjwnyo`nc hninycarf`ak hnajakak rnjak}fh ama`ac mnkdak jnkdd~kahak a`doyf}ja nkhyfwrf ~k}~h jarfkd*jarfkd wnhnyeaak mnkdak jnkdd~kahak tah}~ vakd ~kfh # kokbn&+ Kokbn }nyrni~} mawa} mfeamfhak fmn rniadaf jar~hak ~k}~h a`doyf}ja nkhyfwrf+ ]~e~ak ~}aja mayf kokbn }amf ama`ac ~k}~h jnkajiachak |ayfarf iadf wyornr nkhyfwrf hn}fha cakva ama rnmfhf} |ayfarf ma`aj h~jw~`ak wnrak+ Haynka wnknyfja cay~r jnkdd~kahak kokbn }nyrni~} ~k}~h jnkmnhyfwrf wnrak, hnajakak wama hniakvahak rhnja nkhyfwrf
11
}fmah inyrakmay wama kokbn vakd jnkeamf yacarfa+ Kokbn rnbaya hc~r~r mfhfyfj mak mfjar~hak hn ma`aj wahn} vakd raja mnkdak ma}a vakd }n`ac mf nkhyfwrf+
F\+1+2+ Wny`fkm~kdak Wnkd~`akdak Wnrak #ynw`av wyo}nb}fok &+
J~r~c vakd jnkd~wfkd wnrak vakd rac vakd }n`ac mfhfyfj mf ak}aya m~a komn vakd mfinyf cah mak jnkd~`akdkva wama ininyawa tah}~ hnj~mfak vakd jnkdahfia}hak wnkd~`akdak rnyakdak+ Haynka wnrak ar`f inyara` mayf wnkdfyfj vakd mfinyf cah, fkf ahak jnjw~kvaf jnjw~kvaf JAB vakd rac, rac, rncfkdda wnknyfja wnknyfja ahak jnknyfjakva `adf+ Wny`fkm~kdak wnkd~`akdak wnrak jnkbndac enkfr rnyakdak fkf+ Wnkdfyfj rnbaya hc~r~r jnknkn}~hak hnkafhak hnkafhak kojoy ~y~}ak ~y~}ak rnbaya }ny~r* jnkny~r hn jarfkd*jarfkd wahn} mak wnknyfja jnko`ah wahn} mnkdak kojoy ~y~}ak vakd `nifc hnbf`+
F\+9 Wyo}oho` Ufdinn
Rnbaya dayfr inray ayrf}nh}~y hnajakak r}akmay FNNN 379+1>+= ahak mfen`arhak `nifc mn}f` wama iadfak fkf vakd jn`fw~}f r}akmay FNNN 379+1>+= mak hnajakak+
F\+9+1+ R}akmay FNNN 379+1>+=
Wnkda`aja}ak ma`aj r}akmay FNNN 379+1>+= }n`ac mfrnjw~ykahak jn`a`~f wnkdnka` komn <= if} mak wnkdnka` eayfkdak 1< if}+ R}akmay FNNN 379+1>+= jnkm~h~kd ininyawa wnkda`aja}ak komn vakd inyinma+ Rniadaf bok}oc, wnjo}okdak a`aja} 1< if} j~kdhfk mfd~kahak rniadaf wnkddak}f wnkdnka` komn <= if} ma`aj har~r }ny}nk}~+ Fkf jnkdfefkhak ~h~yak mayf a`aja} r~jiny mak }~e~ak iny~iac*~iac ak}aya 7 mak 17 iv}nr }nydak}~kd wama awahac a`aja} vakd mfd~kahak }nyrni~} }nywo}okd a}a~ wnk~c, mak awahac komn jnkdfyfjhak hn a`aja} `afk rnbaya }nyrniay+ Rniadaf iacak iacak wny}fjiakdak wny}fjiakdak a`aja} wnkdnka` wnkdnka` komn b~h~w iny~h~yak <=*if}+ Ama m~a enkfr wahn} vakd wnk}fkd vakd }nyhaf} mnkdak hnajakak wama r}akmay FNNN 379+1>+= vaf}~ wahn} ma}a mak wahn} abhkot`nmdjnk}+ Wahn} ma}a, mawa} mf`fca} wama Dajiay =#a&, jnjw~kvaf wakeakd |ayfai`n #|ayfai`n `nkd}c&
19
mak mfd~kahak wama rni~ac komn ~k}~h jnkdfyfjhak wnrak hn ra}~ komn a}a~ ~k}~h jnkvniayhak wnrak hn iakvah komn+ Jarfkd*jarfkd wahn} ma}a jnjw~kvaf
rni~ac
L`adlfn`m
vakd
jnkakmahak
enkfr
wahn},
awahac
hnajakakkva nkai`n a}a~ }fmah, jomn wnkda`ajaka}ak vakd mfd~kahak, mak awahac wnkdfyfj jnjfk}a abhkot`nmdjnk}+ 1 iv}n wny}aja jn`avakf wnkn}~ak e~j`ac wahn} abhkot`nmdjnk}+ Wahn} Wahn} wf`fcakkva wf`fcakkva jn`fw~}f a`aja} r~jiny mak }~e~ak+ Rnwny}f mf~yafhak mf a}ar, jarfkd*jarfkd lfn`m iny~iac ~h~yakkva ak}aya 7 mak 17 iv}nr+ Wav`oamlfn`m ma}a ma}akd rn}n`ac ammynrrfkdlfn`m+ Fkf h~yakd mayf 179 iv}nr+ Mak iadfak iv}n }nyahcfy, 9 iv}n bcnbhr~jlfn`m/Bvb`fb Ynm~makbv Bcnbh BYB& jn`fkm~kdf wahn} vakd mfd~kahak ~k}~h wnkakdakak hnra`acak‒ # BYB& hnra`acak wnkdfyfjak+ Wahn} abhkot`nmdjnk}, rnwny}f wama
Dajiay =#i&, mfhfyfjhak o`nc
wnknyfja cakva efha wahn} ma}a vakd inyrnr~fakak }fmah jnkdfyfj hn a`aja} komn rnbaya }nyrniay mak jnji~}~chak abhkot`nmdjnk}+ Loyja}kva rnmnycaka5 9 iv}n lfn`ml`adr rn}aya mnkdak ra}~ wahn} ma}a, kojoy ~y~}ak # rnq~nk} k~jiny & vakd iny~h~yak iny~h~yak 1 iv}n mayf wahn} vakd inyfrf abhkot`nmdjnk} mak 9 iv}n ~k}~h BYB+
F\+9+9+ Hnajakak wama Jnmfa Abbnrr Bok}yo`
@awfrak hnajakak hnajakak wama r}akmay FNNN 379+1>+= mf}akdakf o`nc `awfrak jnmfa abbnrr bok}yo` vakd inyama mf iatac hok}yo` aw`fharf+ Aw`fharf jnkn}awhak
wnyrvaya}ak hnajakakkva mnkdak wnkda}~yak wayajn}ny hok}yo` vakd rnr~af hn ma`aj r}abh yamfo+ Efha aw`fharf }fmah jnkda}~y wayajn}ny awaw~k, jaha kf`af hnajakak mnla~`}*kva mfa}~y mnkdak mnkdak mfrai`n+ Aw`fharf cay~r }ndar jnkda}~y kf`af hnajakak mnkdak jnjinyfhak kf`af nkai`n, rnwny}f mf~yafhak `nifc yfkbf mf iatac fkf+ Rwnrflfharf Rwnrflfharf r}akmay FNNN 379+1>+= 379+1>+= jnkmnlfkfrfhak njwa} njwa} enkfr wahn} wahn} vaf}~ wahn} inabok
#inabok
wabhn}r&,
wahn} ma}a #ma}a wabhn}r&, wahn}
abhkot`nmdjnk}r #abhkot`nmdjnk}r wabhn}r& mak wahn} hok}yo` #bok}yo` wabhn}r& ~k}~h `awfrak jnmfa abbnrr bok}yo`+ Rwnrflfharf fkf }fmah jnkm~h~kd hnajakak ~k}~h wahn} abhkot`nmdnjnk} enkfr wahn} `afk jny~wahak wf`fcak vakd mawa}
12
jnkm~h~kd wny`fkm~kdak fk}ndyf}ar #fk}ndyf}v wyo}nb}fok& mak wny`fkm~kdak hnyacarfaak wahn} lfn`mma}a+ Aw`fharf jnjw~kvaf rni~ac wf`fcak yakdhafak hnajakak vakd jnkdok}yo` enkfr wny`fkm~kdak hnajakak vakd mfrnmfahak ~k}~h wnkdfyfjak ma}a+ Jarfkd*jarfkd yakdhafak hnajakak jnkatayhak wyowny}fnr mak eajfkak hnajakak vakd inyinma, mak ca` wa`fkd jnkayfh ama`ac jnkatayhak loyja} wahn} vakd inyinma+ Rwnrflfharf r}akmay FNNN 379+1>+= jnkmnlfkfrfhak mn`awak yakdhafak hnajakak, rnwny}f mawa} mf`fca} ma`aj ]ain` =+ Kaja
Mnrhyfwrf
K~``
Ko Rnb~yf}v
ANR*B]Y
Nkbyvw}fok ok`v B]Y Jomn
ANR*BIB*JAB*193
193 if} JAB
ANR*BIB*JAB*<=
193 if} JAB
ANR*BIB*JAB*29
193 if} JAB
ANR*BBJ*193
Nkbyvw}fok , 193 if} JAB
ANR*BBJ*<=
Nkbyvw}fok , <= if} JAB
ANR*BBJ*29
Nkbyvw}fok , 29 if} JAB
]ain` =+ Yakdhafak Hnajakak vakd mfm~h~kd o`nc r}akmay r}akmay FNNN 379+1>+=
Yakdhafak hnajakak vakd mfm~h~kd o`nc r}akmay FNNN 379+1>+= ama`ac rniadaf inyfh~} 5 }fmah ama wnkdajakak #ko rnb~yf}v&, nkhyfwrf raea #nkbyvw}fok ok`v&/ANR*B]Y, jnkeada hnar`fak ma}a raea # a~}cnk}fba}fok ok`v&/ANR*BIB*JAB
mak nkhywrf mak jnkeada hnar`fak ma}a # nkbyvw}fok akm a~}cnk}fba}fok&/ANR*BBJ+ Jarfkd*jarfkd ha}ndoyf vakd jnkm~h~kd hnar`fak ma}a # a~}cnk}fba}fok& mfiadf ma`aj }fda ~h~yak vakd iny`afkak }nydak}~kd wama ~h~yak mayf j nmfa abbnrr bok}yo` vakd mf }atayhak+
JAB mawa} jnjf`fhf wakeakd =, 3, a}a~ 1< iv}nr+ Mnkdak ~h~yak JAB vakd `nifc wakeakd jaha `nifc hnbf` hnrnjwa}ak j~r~c ~k}~h jnja`r~hak }niahak homn vakd rnr~af+ Rniadaf bok}oc, mnkdak ~h~yak JAB 3 iv}n, j~r~c jnjw~kvaf 9<= hnrnjwa}ak jnja`r~hak JAB+
1=
1 iv}n
9 iv}n
1 iv}n
Wakeakd
L`adr
Rnq~nk} K~jiny
7/9/=/17 iv}nr A`aja} ]~e~ak
7/9/=/17 iv}nr A`aja} R~jiny
|ayfai`n
9 iv}n
Ma}a Wav`oam
BYB
#a& Loyja} Wahn} Wahn} Ma}a
1 iv}n
9 iv}n
Wakeakd
L`adr
1 iv}n Rnq~nk} K~jiny
2 iv}n BYB
#i& Loyja} Wahn} Abhkot`nmdjnk}
Dajiay =+ Loyja} Wahn} Ma}a mak Abhkot`nmdjnk}
\ayfai`n
1 iv}n
Wav`oam
Hnv B}y
\ayfai`n Nkbyfw}nm Wav`oam
#a& ANR*B]Y
\ayfai`n
=/3/1< iv}nr
Lyajn Bo~k}ny
JAB
#i& ANR*BIB*JAB*i, i∃x=,3,1
= iv}n
1 iv}n
\ayfai`n
=/ 3/1< iv}n
Lyajn Bo~k}ny
Hnv B}y
Nkbyvw}nm Wav`oam
Nkbyfw}nm JAB
#b& ANR*BBJ*JAB*i, i∃x=,3,1
Dajiay >+
Loyja} mayf Lfn`m Ma}a
1>
]yamnoll *kva *kva ama`ac wahn} mnkdak ~h~yak vakd `nifc inray mfd~kahak ~k}~h
jnkfkdha}hak wny`fkm~kdak jn`atak rnyakdak a~}cnk}fba}fok+ Awa`adf, ~k}~h jarfkd*jarfkd yakdhafak vakd jnkatayhak nkhyfwrf, wnknyfja mawa} rnbaya iniar jnkdah}flhak wf`fcak nkai`n ~k}~h ynw`av wyo}nb}fok+ Waya wnyakbakd yamfo }fmah cay~r jnknyawhak rn`~y~c yakdhafak+ Rwnrflfharf fkf cakva jnjny`~hak bcfw yamfo vakd jnkvnmfahak m~h~kdak ~k}~h yakdhafak k~`` mak yakdhafak
ANR*BBJ*<=+ Fkmfharf rni~ac aw`fharf jnjf`fc yakdhafak hnajakak inymarayhak wama a`aja} r~jiny mak }~e~ak wnrak+ Bcfw yamfo mnkdak r}akmay FNNN 379+1>+= jnjw~kvaf r~a}~ mal}ay wnkdok}yo` ahrnr #Abbnrr Bok}yo` @fr}&/AB@ vakd jnkdnkma`fhak yakdhafak hnajakak mak fkloyjarf h~kbf vakd mfd~kahak+ Wnyakdha} vakd }nrnmfa jnkm~h~kd rajwaf 9>> jar~hak AB@+ Jarfkd*jarfkd jar~hak inyfrf rni~ac a`aja} r}akmay FNNN 379+1>+=, rni~ac rni~ac wnkdnka` yakdhafak yakdhafak hnajakak mak ja}nyfa` hnajakak, rnwny}f mf}~ke~hhak wama Dajiay <+
Ammynrr Dajiay <+
Rnb~yf}v R~f}n
Hnv
@ar} Fkf}fa`ua}fok \nb}oy #F\&
Ynw`av Bo~k}ny
Loyja} mayf jar~hak jar~hak AB@+ A`aja} }~e~ak mayf wahn} vakd hn`~ay mfbobohak mnkdak lfn`m a`aja} ma`aj jar~hak AB@+ Wahn} hnj~mfak mfwyornr jnkdd~kahak yakdhafak hnajakak vakd mf}akmaf mnkdak h~kbf mak Fkf}fa`ua}fok \nb}oy #F\& vakd }nymal}ay mf jar~hak AB@+ ^k}~h wahn} vakd ma}akd, a`aja} r~jiny mfbobohak mnkdak lfn`m ammynrr jar~hak AB@+ Hyfw}odyalf inyownyarf jnkdd~kahak h~kbf mayf jar~hak AB@ mak lfn`m bo~k}ny ynw`av iny}fkmah rniadaf r~a}~ ta}ny jayh, efha ynw`av wyo}nb}fok mfah}flhak mnkdak nkia`n+
Ja}nyfa` hnajakak ama`ac r}a}~r vakd }ny~r*jnkny~r mfwny`~hak ~k}~h jnkdnhrnh~rf yakdhafak hnajakak+ Ja}nyfa` hnajakak fkf }nymfyf mayf h~kbf hyfw}odyalf ~k}~h yakdhafak vakd jnkvnmfahak nkhyfwrf, r}a}~r kokbn vakd jnkva}ahak iacta cay~r mfwn`fcaya ~k}~h iadfak wnhnyeaak nkhyfwrf mnkdak wahn} vakd inyinma+ Hn}fha ynw`av wyo}nb}fok mf`fia}hak, ja}nyfa` hnajakak e~da r~mac }nyjar~h ta}ny jayh ~k}~h wnkdnka` wahn} vakd iay~ ahak mf}nyfja+
1<
Rniadaf iadfak mayf ak}ay j~ha #fk}nylabn& ~k}~h wahn} wnkdfyfjak, Aw`fharf cay~r jnkn}awhak kf`af ioo`nak awahac hnajakakkva nkai`n+ Efha }fmah ama hnajakak #ko rnb~yf}v& vakd mfi~}~chak, wahn} mfhfyfjhak rnwny}f awa amakva+ Efha hnajakakkva nkai`n, `awfrak JAB jnkbayf #`ooh~w& hn a`aja} }~e~ak ma`aj }ain` AB@+ Efha ama jar~hak AB@ vakd boboh, yakdhafak hnajakak, h~kbf, mak kokbn vakd mf}n}awhak ma`aj jar~hak AB@ f}~ mfd~kahak ~k}~h jnkdnkhyfwrf mak a}a~ jnji~h}fhak hnar`fak wahn} vakd hn`~ay, mak lf`nml`adr wama wahn} hn`~ay vakd rnr~af mnkdak hn`ojwohkva+ Efha a`aja} }~e~ak }fmah }nymal}ay ma`aj }ain` AB@, AB@, jaha jar~hak jar~hak AB@ mnkdak kf`af mnla~`} mfd~kahak rniadaf dak}fkva8 jar~hak AB@ mnkdak kf`af mnla~`} vakd jfyfw mnkdak jar~hak AB@, hnb~a`f ha`a~ jar~hak AB@ boboh ~k}~h ~k}~h rn`~y~c a`aja} }~e~ak+ }~e~ak+ Efha jar~hak AB@ kf`af mnla~`} horokd mak aw`fharf jnji~}~chak hnajakak, @awfrak jnmfa abbnr bok}yo` jnkdnjia`fhak homn hnra`acak+ Wama }njwa} wnknyfja wahn}, `awfrak jnmfa abbnrr bok}yo` jnjnyfhra lfn`ml`adr ma`aj wahn} ~k}~h jnknk}~hak efha ama ininyawa yakdhafak hnajakak
vakd }n`ac mfiny`ah~hak ~k}~h rni~ac wahn}+ Efha hnajakak }fmah mfd~kahak #ko rnb~yf}v&, wahn} mf`nta}hak hnwama aw`fharf rnwny}f awa amakva+ Efha }fmah, `awfrak jnmfa abbnrr bok}yo` jnkdd~kahak r~a}~ wyornr vakd jfyfw ~k}~h jnknj~hak
jar~hak AB@ AB@ vakd rnr~af, rnr~af, ~k}~h tah}~ inymarayhak wama a`aja} wnkdfyfj+ Hnj~mfak jnkdd~kahak yakdhafak hnajakak vakd rnr~af, h~kbf, mak bo~k}ny ynw`av ~k}~h wahn} hnma}akdak, jnjinyfhak aw`fharf mnkdak wnrak hnra`acak
efha }fmah ama jar~hak AB@ vakd rnr~af ~k}~h mf}njwa}hak+
F\+9+9+1+ Ha}ndoyf Yakdhafak Hnajakak
Inyfh~} ahak mf~yafhak `nifc yfkbf }nk}akd ha}ndoyf mayf yakdhafak yakdhafak hnajakak5
A+ K~``
K~``
jny~wahak
yakdhafak
hnajakak
vakd
wa`fkd
rnmnycaka+
Wnkbak}~jakkva taefi ma`aj rnj~a bcfw yamfo+ K~`` }fmah jnjw~kvaf ja}nyfa` hnajakak mak inyownyarf rnwny}f l~kdrf fmnk}f}ar mak }fmah jnkdcarf`hak eajfkak hnajakak awaw~k+
14
I+ ANR*B]Y
Yakdhafak
fkf
jnkvnmfahak
wny`fkm~kdak
hnyacarfaak
vakd
jnkdd~kahak ANR i`obh bcfwny X4Z mnkdak bo~k}ny jomn+ ^k}~h jnkdnkhyfwrf ma}a wama bo~k}ny jomn, wnkdfyfj jnkdn`ojwohak wahn} b`nay}ns} hn ma`aj i`obh iny~h~yak 1<*iv}n w185558wk mak jnkdcf}~kd bcfwny mnkdak y~j~r bf:wf ⊞ Ns#Sf&+ Jarfkd*jarfkd i`oh vakd iny~h~yak 1< iv}n jnkdd~kahak bo~k}ny rnkmfyf vakd inyinma*inma, mfjaka mfrni~} s1+ Wnknyfja jnkdnjia`fhak w`afk}ns}
ar`f
mnkdak y~j~r wf:bf ⊞ Ns#Sf&+ Mnkdak En`ar, wnknyfja jnjny`~hak kf`af bo~k}ny Sf rnbaya iny~y~} ~k}~h jnynhokr}y~hrf jnynhokr}y~hrf wf+ Bo~k}ny Sf mfrni~} mnkak kokbn a}a~ Fkf}fa`ua}fok \nb}oy #F\&, vakd }nymfyf a}ar r~r~kak lfn`ml`adr r}a}fr, a`aja}
wnkdfyfj, mak 2 bo~k}ny }nywfrac 5 = iv}n lyajn bo~k}ny vakd jny~wahak wahn}, 1 iv}n lfn`mbo~k}ny h~kbf, mak 9 iv}n i`obh bo~k}ny vakd e~j`ackva 1< iv}n i`oh ma`aj wahn} rnwny}f mf}~ke~hhak ma`aj Dajiay 4+ Wnkdn`o`aak lyajn bo~k}ny mf`ah~hak mnkdak yamfo wnyakdha} hnyar+ wnkdfyfj jnkafhak kf`af lyajn bo~k}ny rn}n`ac jnkdnkhyfwrf jarfkd*jarfkd wahn}+ Hn}fha jnkbawaf kf`af jahrfj~j, yamfo jnkdnjia`fhak homn hnra`acak mak }fmah jnj~kdhfkhak ~k}~h jn`ah~hak nkhyfwrf+ bo~k}ny h~kbf ama`ac bo~k}ny vakd iny~h~yak ra}~ iv}n vakd inyama mf iatac hok}yo` aw`fharf+ Bo~k}ny
fkf mawa} mfkafhak kf`afkva efha lyajn bo~k}ny in`~j jnkbawaf kf`af jahrfj~jkva+ Wnyrvaya}akkva ama`ac iacta kokbn cay~r }fmah wnykac jnkd~`akdf ma`aj `fln}fjn mayf rfkd`n hnv, mak }~dar mayf lyajn bo~k}ny mak hnv bo~k}ny ama`ac ~k}~h jnkbndac kokbn mfd~kahak hnjia`f+ I`obh bo~k}ny vakd
iny~h~yak 9 iv}n jnkeajfk jarfkd*jarfkd i`oh ahak jnkdd~kahak kf`af kokbn vakd inyinma8 wnkdfyfj wnkdfyfj }fmah cay~r jnkddai~kdhakkva jnkddai~kdhakkva mnkdak wahn}, haynka wnknyfja mawa} jnjwnyhfyahak kf`afkva ~k}~h ~k}~h jarfkd*jarfkd i`oh+ Hnrfjw~`akkva, ma`aj wnkdfyfj r~mac jn`fw~}f lyajn bo~k}ny , bo~k}ny hnv mak nkhyfwrf wav`oam vakd }n`ac vakd ama ma`aj wav`oamlf`nm mayf rni~ac wahn}, rnwny}f wama Dajiay >#a&+
13
1 iv}n
3 iv}n
L`adr
Ro~ybn Ammynrr
Dajiay 4+
= iv}n Lyajn Bo~k}ny
1 iv}n Hnv Bo~k}ny
9 iv}n I`obh Bo~k}ny
Loyja} jar~hak # Sf& ~k}~h I`obh bcfwny wama yakdhafak ANR*B]Y mak ANR*BBJ+ l`adrlfn`m ama`ac r~a}~ hokr}ak}a ~k}~h jomn ANR* B]Y8 kf`afkva mf}nk}~hak o`nc rwnrflfharf BBJ ~k}~h ANR*BBJ+
B+ ANR*BIB*JAB
Yakdhafak fkf jnkvnmfahak wny`fkm~kdak fk}ndyf}ar #fk}ndyf}v wyo}nb}fok& mnkdak jnkdd~kahak BIB*JAB BIB*JAB X3Z+ Wnkdfyfj mawa} mawa} jnkdcf}~kd JAB mnkdak ~h~yak vaad iny`afkak vaf}~ =, 3, a}a~ 1< Iv}n mnkdak a`doyf}ja BIB*JAB, vakd j~kb~` ~k}~h }fda ANR*BIB*JAB vakd inyinma+ JAB cakva mawa} mfcf}~kd o`nc wfcah vakd jnjf`fhf h~kbf rfjn}yfh # rvjjn}yfb hnv&+
JAB jn`fkm~kdf
cnamnyr wabhn} raja rnwny}f ca`kva jn`fkm~kdf ma}a wav`oam+ Wnkdfyfj
jn`ajwfyhak ma}a w`afk}ns} mnkdak JAB, rnwny}f rnwny}f wama dajiay >#i&+ Wnknyfja jnjnyfhra JAB mnkdak jnkdcf}~kd JAB mak jnjiakmfkdhakkva mnkdak kf`af vakd mfjar~hhak mf ma`aj wahn}+
M+ ANR*BBJ
Yakdhafak hnajakak fkf jnkdd~kahak jomn BBJ ~k}~h jnkdnkhywrf mak jneada hnar`fak ma}a X3Z+ @nifc `~ar `adf, ANR*BBJ jny~wahak yakdhafak wny}aja vakd jnkdd~kahak fk}ndyf}v wyo}nb}fok wama wav`oam ma}a mak cnamny mnkdak jnkdd~kahak BIB*JAB hnj~mfak jnkdnkhyfwrf wav`oam ma}a mak JAB jnkdd~kahak jomn ANR*B]Y+ ANR*BBJ jnjf`fhf m~a ink}~h lfn`m mayf m~a ownyarf nkhywrf mak jneada hnar`fak ma}a5 vaf}~ JAB, lyajn bo~k}ny mak bo~k}ny hnv+ Lfn`m fkf jn`avakf l~kdrf vakd raja rnwny}f mf a}ar+ Rniadafjaka
ANR*BIB*JAB jnjw~kvaf }fda enkfr vakd inyinma }nydak}~kd mnkdak ~h~yak JAB, ANR*BBJ e~da jnjw~kvaf }fda enkfr vakd inyinma+ Loyja} wahn}kva mf}~ke~hhak ma`aj dajiay dajiay >#b&
16
Wnknyfja jnkdd~kahak
mawa} yakdhafak
jnjf`fc
nkai`n
hnajakak
~k}~h
vakd
ynw`av
wyo}nb}fok
jnkvnmfahak
hn}fha
wny`fkm~kdak
hnyacarfaak #boklfmnk}fa`f}v wyo}nb}fok&+ Yakdhafak fkf jn`fw~}f ANR*B]Y mak rnj~a |ayfak mayf ANR*BBJ+ Wnknyfja jnkdd~kahak lyajn bo~k}ny mak hnv bo~k}ny vakd iny~h~yak > iv}n, ynw`av bo~k}ny mnkdak hnv bo~k}ny jnknjwa}f
# Jor} Rfdkflfbak} Iv}n& JRI mayf kf`af fkf+ Wnknyfja jnjiakmfkdhak ynw`av bo~k}ny mayf hnma}akdak wahn} ~k}~h kf`af vakd wa`fkd }fkddf, vakd mfrfjwak
ma`aj jar~hak AB@+ Efha hnma}akdak wahn} jnjw~kvaf bo~k}ny ynw`av `nifc inray mfiakmfkd ra`ac ra}~ vakd mfrfjwak, jaha wahn} mf}nyfja mak bo~k}ny ynw`av iay~ mfrfjwak+ Ahak }n}awf, Efha hnma}akdak wahn} kf`afkva `nifc hnbf`,
wahn} }nyrni~} }nyrni~} mf}o`ah mak aw`fharf aw`fharf mfinyf}ac~ }nk}akd
wnko`ahak }nyrni~}+
Mnkdak jnkdab~ wama bo~k}ny fkf rnwny}f bo~k}ny ynw`av, r~kdd~cw~k fkf jny~wahak bo~k}ny vakd raja rnwny}f kokbn+ Bo~k}ny fkf rnbaya `odfha jn`avakf }~e~ak vakd inyinma mayf kokbn, mfjaka mfd~kahak ~k}~h jnkeada hnyacarfaak+ Bo~k}ny ynw`av }fmah }nyi~ha iadf aw`fharf ~k}~h mfd~kahak+
F\+2+ Jomn` Wnkd~kbfak # Hnvfkd Jomn` &
Hyfw}odyalf rfjn}yfh #rvjjn}yfb byvw}odyawcv& jnjwnybavahak wama hnm~a nkmwofk}r vakd jnkdd~kahakak h~kbf vakd raja hn}fha inyhoj~kfharf fkdfk
ajak+ Ma`aj hn`ojwoh komn, jomn` wnkd~kbfak jnkd~y~rf awahac h~kbf rni~ac komn mfd~kahak ~k}~h inyhoj~kfharf mnkdak komn `afk+ Jomn` wnkd~kbfak vakd wa`fkd rnr~af ~k}~h r~a}~ aw`fharf }nydak}~kd wama jomn` akbajak wama aw`fharf mak awa enkfr r~jiny mavakva rny}a hnfkdfkdak mayf wfcah jakaenjnk h~kbf+ Rniadaf bok}oc, ma`aj Kn}toyh rcaynm hnvfkd, }faw*}faw komn jnkdd~kahak h~kbf vakd raja ~k}~h inyhoj~kfharf mnkdak komn `afk+
F\+2+1+ Wnkd~kbfak Eayfkdak inyiadf # Kn}toyh Kn}toyh rcaynm hnvfkd&
Ma`aj wnkd~kbfak enkfr fkf jarfkd*jarfkd komn ma`aj rfr}nj jnjwyornr h~kbf vakd raja mak jnkdd~kahakkva ~k}~h inyhoj~kfharf mnkdak rnj~a komn+ Jakaenjnk h~kbf jnkeamf ca` rnwn`n mnkdak wnkmnha}ak fkf, haynka rnj~a hoj~kfharf jnkdd~kahak h~kbf vakd raja+ ]ajiacakkva
97
ama`ac iacta jnjoyf vakd mfi~}~chak jfkfja`+ O`nc haynkakva aw`fharf mawa} jnkdd~kahak kn}toyh rcaynm hnvfkd+ Iadafjakaw~k, hnrnmnycakaak jakaenjnk fkf jnkdacamawf ifava mayf ynk}ak rnyakdak oyakd ma`aj+ Fkf `nifc ynk}ak mayfwama jomn` wnkd~kbfak vakd `afk ~k}~h hnrnwaha}ak rfkd`n hnv, rnwny}f }nyeamf hn}fha j~r~c jnkrnwaha}f rni~ac komn+ J~r~c J~r~c mawa} jnkdd~kahak komn vakd mfrnwaha}f ~k}~h jny~rah hnajakak eayfkdak vakd r~mac mfeajfk rnbaya hnrn`~y~cak+ Rni~ac komn mawa} jny~rah hnyaracarfaak }nycamaw wnrak vakd }n`ac mfhfyfj ma`aj rfr}nj mak jnja`r~hak wnkdah~ak }nycamaw wnrak vakd mf }fji~`hak mayf ininyawa komn+
F\+2+9+ Wafytfrn hnvfkd
Wafytfrn hnvfkd }acak }nycamaw komn vakd mfrnwaha}f mnkdak y~akd `fkh~w
vakd }nyia}ar wama jarfkd*jarfkd h~kbf+ Mnkdak Wafytfrn hnvfkd jarfkd*jarfkd warakdak komn inyiadaf h~kbf vakd inyinma+ Eamf, cakva komn vakd mfrnwaha}f vakd jnjwnkday~cf wnrak rnin`~j mak rnr~mac mfhfyfj hn a}a~ mayf komn f}~+ @a`~`fk}ar `afkkva }fmah mf}nyfja+ Wafytfrn hnvfkd jnkvnmfahak hnajakak vakd `nifc iafh mfiakmfkd kn}toyh rcaynm hnvfkd+
F\+2+2+ Dy~w Hnvfkd
Rnhn`ojwoh h~kbf vakd jnkrnwaha}f ak}aya kn}toyh rcaynm hnvfkd mak wafytfrn hnvfkd+ Rni~ac rfkd`n hnv mfiadf ak}aya h~jw~`ak komn mak mfd~kahak
wama rnj~a c~i~kdak mfak}aya m~a komn ma`aj hn`ojwoh f}~+ Wnjfracak ma`aj hn`ojwoh j~kdhfk mfi~a} mfmarayhak wama }njwa}, }owo`odf eayfkdak, a}a~ wnyrajaak l~kdrf+ Hn~k}~kdak mayf Dyo~w hnvfkd ama`ac iacta Dyo~w hnvfkd jnkvnmfahak r~a}~ }yamnoll mfak}aya kn}toyh rcaynm hnvfkd mak wafytfrn hnvfkd, mnkdak cajia}ak vakd jnjfcah wama hnrnwaha}ak komn ~k}~h ifava
vakd `nifc ynkmac mfiakmfkd wafytfrn hnvfkd+
F\+2+=+ Wnkmnha}ak Dai~kdak # Cviyfm awwyoabcnr &
Ininyawa rfr}nj mawa} jnkdd~kahak dai~kdak mayf jomn` wnkd~kbfak rnbaya inyrja*raja ma`aj aw`fharf vakd raja+ Rniadaf bok}oc, hf}a j~kdhfk
91
jnkdd~kahak wafytfrn hnvfkd ~k}~h rn`~y~c c~i~kdak ak}aya komn mak wakdha`ak iarfr #iarn r}a}fok& mak jnkdd~kahak kn}toyh rcaynm hnvfkd ~k}~h c~i~kdak vakd `afkkva+
F\+= Fjw`njnk}arf Wnya`a}ak vakd rnr~f mnkdak cayawak hnajakak mfa}ar ama`ac A}jn` U*@fkh }yakrbnf|ny X1Z mak Jo}oyo`a JB12169 X
379+1>+= ~k}~h `awfrak lfrfh vakd jnknk}~hak loyja} mak lynhtnkrf wahn} yamfo, ta`a~w~k }fmah rn`~y~ckva jny~wahak iadfak r}akmay jnmfa abbnrr bok}yo`+ Ca` vakd cay~r mf}nyawhak mnkdak ownyarf hnajakak wama jfhyohok}yo`ny ama`ac inyfk}nyahrf mnkdak wnyakdha} hnajakak FNNN 379+1>+=+ Bcfwbok BB9=97 jny~wahak wnyakdha} hnyar vakd jnkm~h~kd wyfjf}fl hyfw}odyalf vakd jnkdfufkhak ownyarf iadf `awfrak wnyakdha} r}akmay FNNN 379+1>+= vakd jnkdfh~}f rwnrflfharf }nyrni~}+
Fjw`njnk}arf wnyakdha} hnyar mayf r}akmay fkf jnjw~kvaf kf`af vakd `nifc ~k}~h jnkvnmnycakahak wnhnyeaak wnji~a} aw`fharf+ Wnkakdakak ownyarf hyfw}odyalf ma`aj wnyakdha} hnyar jnjinyfhak hniniarhak jfhyohok}yo`ny mayf wnyjfk}aak hni~}~cak ahak rfr}nj vakd yna` }fjn ~k}~h jnkmnhyfwrf mak jnkdnkhyfwrf wahn}+
\+
Wnk~}~w @awfrak jnmfa abbnrr bok}yo` wama `awfrak wfrfh mayf r}yakmay FNNN
379+1>+= jny~wahak ink}nkd mayf hnajakak hnajakak wama ufdinn mnkdak mnkdak jnkdd~kahak jnkdd~kahak a`doyf}ja hyfw}odyalf mayf ANR+ Mnkdak iakvah wf`fcak yakdhafak hnajakak jnjinyfhak hnj~macak ~k}~h waya wnkdd~ka wnyakdha} ufdinn ma`aj jnkdajakhak ma}a vakd ama jn`a`~f aw`fharf ufdinn }nyrni~}+ ]awf ama ca` wnk}fkd vakd wny`~ wnk~`fr rajwafhak iacta hnajakak wama ufdinn fkf jarfc ynk}ak }nycamaw rnyakdak mfhaynkahak r}akmay mayf rwnrflfharf FNNN 379+1>+= vakd jarfc baba} fkf }nyi~h}f mayf ininyawa wnkn`f}fak vakd mf`ah~hak }nycamaw aw`fharf vakd inyea`ak waya ufdinn }nyrni~}+ O`nc
99
haynka f}~ wayakbakd aw`fharf ufdinn mf cayawhak mawa} jnjwnyiafhf hnh~yakdak vakd ama wama rfr}nj hnjakak ufdinn }nyrni~}+
Mal}ay W~r}aha X1Z
A}jn` a}3722+w mmob~jnk}r/mob>722+wml, ml, 977=+
X9Z
Ba``atav, Nm+, ‐@ot Wotny Bokr~jw}fok Lna}~ynr ol }cn FNNN 379+1>+=/Ufdinn @Y*TWAK R}akmay ‚, ‚, Jo}oyo`a @ai, L`oyfma, 977=+
X2Z
Byafd, Tf`faj B+ ‐Tfyn`nrr bok}yo` }ca} rfjw`v toyh‚,Ior}ok ,Awyf` 977=+
X=Z
Eok Amajr #Jo}oyo`a&, ‐Tca} vo~ rco~`m hkot aio~} }cn UfdInn a``fakbn‚ c}}w5//ttt+ufdinn+oyd/ynro~ybnr/mob~jnk}r/Amaj c}}w5//ttt+ufdinn+oyd/ynro~ybn r/mob~jnk}r/Amajrr Cnf`n_RnkroyrNswo AkacnfjRnw}72_\1_777+ww}+
X>Z
Eoak Manjnk, \fkbnk} Yfejnk, ‐Ko}n ok kajfkd‚ c}}w5//bryb+kfr}+do|/Byvw}o]oo`hf}/anr/yfekman`/Yfekman`*ajjnkmnm+wml +
X
Jo}oyo`a jb12169 ma}arcnn}+ c}}w5//n*ttt+jo}oyo`a+boj/lf`nr/yl_fl/mob/ma}a_rcn c}}w5//n*ttt+jo}oyo`a+boj/lf`nr/yl_fl/mob/ma}a_rcnn}/JB12169MR+wml, n}/JB12169MR+wml, 977=+
X4Z
Wnmnyrnk, Joy}nk akm ]cokd, ]cak Hfj ‐Loyja}fok ol Rnb~yn Tfyn`nrr Am*cob Rnkroy Kn}toyhr‚, Jar}ny ]cnrfr fk Fkloyja}fok akm Bojj~kfba}fok ]nbcko`odv, Admny ^kf|nyrf}v Bo``ndn,Dyfjr}am, E~kn 977=+
X3Z
Rar}yv, Ka|nnk akm Tadkny,Ma|fm ‐Rnb~yf}v Bokrfmnya}fokr loy FNNN 379+1>+= Kn}toyhr‚, ^kf|nyrf}v ol Ba`floykfa, Inyhn`nv, 977=+
X6Z
]aknia~j, Akmynt R+, ‐Bojw~}ny Kn}toyhr‚, =}c, Wynk}fbn*Ca`` ol Fkmfa, Knt Mn`cf, 117771 9772+
X17Z ]cn Ufdinn a``fakbn+ c}}w5//ttt+ufdinn+oyd X11Z ***, ‐Fk}yom~bn wo}nk}fa` jnjinyr ok }cn }aydn} jayhn}r ol UfdInn akm inknlf}r ol Boywoya}fok,Ior}ok,Jav 977=+ eofkfkd‚, Njiny Boywoya}fok,Ior}ok,Jav
92
