Chapter 2- Changes that Material Undergo Lesson 1: Changes in Matter Duration : 2 days I.Objectives: 1. Describe changes in materials under diferent conditions. 2. Cite the conditions/actors that bring about changes in materials. II.A. Materials Balloon 2 pieces o bond paper Pair o scissors Alcohol lamp
candle match bottle
B. eerences !cience and "ealth #$ !D Publishing %nc. !cience or Daily &se #$ '($ t)boo* C. Process s*ills: +bser,ing$ Describing$communicating$ in,estigating$e)plaining D. -alues integration: Be cautious 'a*e reasonable care to a,oid ris*s III. Learning Tass :
A. !nga !ngage ge"e "ent nt (oti,ation 1. "a,e the pupils pupils loo* at the t0o t0o pictures pictures same pictur pictures. es. 'he rst picture 0as ta*en some years bac*$ the second picture is the recent one 2. %nstruct %nstruct the pupils pupils to compare compare the old pictur picture e 0ith the recent. recent. . As*:0hat As*:0hat changes changes ha,e ta*en ta*en place place in this particula particularr place brgy brgy (agiting3 4. "a,e the pupils to ll ll up the chart chart !ay:5ist !ay:5ist do0n all the materials that ha,e changed.
+ld picture
#. Call 64 64 pupils pupils to discuss discuss there there ans0ers. ans0ers. 7. Prese Present nt the lesson lesson::
ecent Picture
'here are numerous changes occurring in the en,ironment e,ery second. !ome o these changes are ,ery noticeable 0hile others are not. 'oday you 0ill do an acti,ity that 0ill help you understand ho0 materials undergo changes. #.!$ploration 1. Di,ide the class into small groups. 2. !et norms to ollo0 during group acti,ities. . %ntroduce chapter 26 Changes that material undergo$lesson 1: changes in (atter/(aterial 4. Pro,ide the material to each group #. 8o around and ollo0 up the conduct o acti,ity by each group 7. emind each group that they 0ill be presenting their gathered data in class ater nishing their acti,ity. 9hat to do: Caution: Be careul in handling the alcohol lamp 0hen it is lighted. 1 blo0 the into the balloon. 'ie the end to *eep the ballon in shape. +bser,e the sie o each balloon beore and ater blo0ing. 2 Cut a piece o bond paper into t0o e;ual parts. 5ea,e one piece o bond paper untouched. Compare the sies o the cut part 0ith the uncut piece o bond paper. Cut the uncut piece o bond paper into diferent shapes. +bser,e 0hat happens to its sies. 4 5ight the alcohol lamp and burn the other hal o the piece o bond paper. Compare the burned paper and the paper. # 5ight the candle and put it into a bottle to secure it in place. +bser,e 0hat happens to the candle. 'hen put of the
Condition
Changed obser,ed
C.!$planation As* the group to present their data and ans0er the guide ;uestions. !uggested ans0ers: 1. 9hat do you noticed 0ith the sie and shape o the balloon ater blo0ing3 the sie and shape change
2. Compare the sies o the uncut paper 0ith the paper that 0as cut in hal. the cut paper is smaller . 9hat happened to the paper ater cutting it in diferent shapes3 the paper got small 4. 9hat 0ere the changes in ;uestions 1$2 and . 9hat 0as the condition that made them change3 heat$ cutting$ blo0ing #. 9hat happened to the burned paper3 became ash 7. 9hat made them burned3 . 9hat condition that made it changed3 heat ?. 9hat are the changes you ha,e obser,ed under diferent conditions3 1@. 9hat did you learn in this acti,ity3 %.!laboration "elp the pupils construct and e)press their understanding. At this point they should be able to say/ understand that
(aterials undergo changes. %t may be inshape$ sies$ or state o matter 0ithout changing its *ind.%t may be a changed in composition in the production o a ne0 substance. 9hen orce is applied$ the material changed in shape and sie but the material is still the original material$ 'his is called a physical changed. "eat can also changed the materials composition. "ence$ 0hen a piece o paper is burned$ the material changed into ash. Ash is a ne0 material. Ash is a ne0 material that cannot be used or 0riting. 'his changed is called chemical changed. !. !val&ation %s it Physical changed or Chemical change
1. 2. . 4. #.
Pounding o grains Burning o the lea,es Butter melts Cotton is burned '6shirt is cut
I'. Assign"ent 5ist do0n # changes that your community has undergone.
1. 2. . 4.
#.
Chapter 2: Changes That Material Undergo Lesson 2: (h)sical Change Duration: 4 Days I. Objectives: 1. +bser,e that no ne0 materials are ormed in Physical change. 2. !ho0 that physical change may ta*e place in materials. . %n,estigate changes that happen in materials upon application o heat. II. A. Materials Acti,ity 1: Piece o cloth$ piece o paper$ toothpic*s$stra0$ popsic*le stic*s$ scissors Acti,ity 2: 9ater$alcohol lamp$naphthalene balls$ tin can$ plastic or ice candy$ %ce cube
B. eerences %nto the uture : !cience and "ealth #$'($ 'e)tboo*$ Abi,a Publishing$ author Peralta6Peralta C. Processes !*ills: +bser,ing$ Communicating$ describing $ identiying$ in,estigating D. -alues %ntegration Be cautious. 'a*e reasonable care to a,oid ris*s. III. Learning Tass A. !ngage"ent 1.igsa0 pule o diferent materialstree$ar$bo) 2.rst group to complete the pules$ 0ins the game 'oday you 0ill do an acti,ity that 0ill help you understand more o physical change #. !$ploration 9hat to do: 1. Di,ide the class into small groups 2. !et norms to ollo0 during group acti,ities. . %ntroduce 5esson 2:Physical change 4. Pro,ide the materials to each group #. 8o around and ollo0 up the conduct o acti,ity by each group.
7. emind the group that they 0ill be presenting their data in class ater nishing their acti,ity. Acti,ity 1: +bser,ing Physical Change 9hat to do: A. 68et the piece o cloth and scissors. Cut it into pieces using the desired shape. Paste it on 1 bond paper. B. 8et the piece o paper. Crumple the piece o paper Paste it on 1 bond paper C. 8et the popsicle stic*s (a*e a house out o the popsic*le stic*s. Paste it on 1 bond paper. D .8et the toothpic*s . (a*e a design out o the toothpic*s. Paste it on 1 bond paper. E.8et the plastic stra0. Cut it into desired shapes. (a*e a
Changes that happened
condition
Find o change
*UI%! +U!,TIO,: Acti,ity 1 1. 9hat happened in each acti,ity39hat changed that can be noted3 2. 9as there a ne0 substance ormed3 9hy3 . 9hat *ind o change is this3 Acti,ity 2 1. 9hat change did you obser,e 0hen you placed the 0ater in the reeer30hy3 2. Describe the ice cube on a saucer3 9hy3 . 9hat happened to the 0ater in the tin can3 9here did it go3 9hy 4. 9hat happened to the naphthalene ball39hy3 #. Place the naphthalene ball on a ar side o the room. Can you detect its smell e,en rom aar39hat does it mean3 C.!$planation: As* the group to present their data and ans0er the guide ;uestions. !uggested ans0ers Acti,ity 1 1. 9hat happened in each acti,ity3they changed 2. 9as there a change in each acti,ity3 yes . 9hat 0as the changed that can be noted3 sie$ shape$ te)ture 4. 9as there a ne0 substance ormed3none #. 9hat *ind o change is this3 Physical change Acti,ity 2 1. 0hat happened to the 0ater in the reeer3 the 0ater turned to ice 0ater9hy3 Because o the lo0 temperature/ cold 2. 9hat can you say to the ice cube on the saucer3it turned to 0ater/ it melted. 9hy3 bec. + heat . 9hat happened to the 0ater in the tin can3 it disappeared/itHs gone 9here did it go3 air 9hy3 it 0as changed to gas 4.0hat happened to the naphthalene ball3the sie changed/became !maller 9hy3 bec. + temperature #.Can you smell the naphthalene ball rom aar3 yes 9hat does it mean3the smell indicates their transormation o gas !tate %.!laboration
"elp the pupils to e)press their understanding$ at this point in time they !hould be able to understand that (h)sical change occurs 0hen materials undergo change in shape$ sie$ te)ture 0ithout changing the composition or a change in substance.
'he application o "EA'$ +CE and PE!!&E can cause a material to undergo physical change. (aterials can change rom one state to another. !olid can change to li;uid$ li;uid to solid and solid to gas. 'hese are physical change that may be brought about by the absorption or release o heat. %n physical change$ no ne0 substance is ormed. !+5%D%%CA'%+G or reeing is the process o changing o orm rom li;uid to solid .%t is brought about by lo0 temperature. E). 9ater to ice. 5%I&%%CA'%+G is the process o changing o orm rom solid to li;uid. %t is brought about by absorption o heat. E). %ce to 0ater E-AP+A'%+G is the process o changing o orm rom li;uid to gas. %t is brought about by the absorption o enough heat. E). 9ater to gas !&B5%(A'%+G is the process o changing o orm rom solid to gas. %t is brought about by the absorption o heat.%t is the state o matter rom solid to gas 0ithout passing the li;uid state.Gaphthalene balls release chemicals through sublimation$the longer they are e)posed$the more they turn to gas. "ere are some e)amples o physical change: Change rom ;uarrying$ dissol,ing sugar$melting cheese$ 0ater cycle !.!val&ation 9hich o the ollo0ing sho0s physical change$ put a chec* beore the number.
1.boiling o 0ater 7.burning o rubber 2.ipening o ruits =.brea*ing o roc*s .cutting re0ood >.rusty roo 4.mi)ing 0ater and ice cube ?.melting o spoon #.souring o mil* 1@. (elting o 0a) I'. Assign"ent
9hat acti,ities at home sho0 physical change. 9rite them belo0.
Chapter 2: Changes That Material Undergo Lesson : Che"ical Change Duration: 2 days I .Objectives: 1. !ho0 that chemical change may ta*e place in materials. 2. +bser,e that ne0 material is ormed in chemical change. . %n,estigate changes that happen in materials upon application o heat. II. A. Materials Paper$ 2 empty metal can$ matches$0hite sugar$ alcohol lamp$ 0et rag$ Eggshells$ ,inegar
B.eerences !cience or daily &se #$'( and r)boo*$ %nto 'he uture:!cience and "ealth #$ '( and ')boo* 'eachers 8uide$De,eloping !cience Concepts 'hrough 5earning Acti,ities 7$!cience 5in*s$e) boo*store by E,elyn 5arisma$an ason
C.Processes s*ills +bser,ing$ describing$ in,estigating D.-alues %ntegration: Be cooperati,e III.Learning Tass A. !ngage"ent Play a game.Iuestion and ans0er portion 1.each group has its o0n color
1$
+bser,ing chemical change 2.5et each group ans0er all the ;uestions in their assigned acti,ity. .8uide the pupils as they perorm the acti,ity. Acti,ity 16 +bser,ing Chemical Change 9hat to do: 1.Burn a piece o paper in an empty can 2.Pound an empty eggshell into small pieces. Place the pieces on a saucer. Add a teaspoonul o ,inegar into them$ .Put a spoonul o 0hite sugar in another empty can. Burn the sugar using a alcohol lamp$
C.!$planation Allo0 them to share their o0n ans0ers and the result o their acti,ities.
Iuestions and suggested ans0ers: 1 .9hat changes too* place 0hen you burned the paper3it ormed ashes 2. Did it orm a ne0 substance3 yes . 9hat 0as ormed 0hen you added ,inegar to the broc*en pieces eggshells3 bubbles 4.0hat does this indicate3 a carbon dio)ide 0as released in the air #.describe the color$ appearance and smell o burnt sugar.its blac*$taste bitter %t has distinct smell 7.Did 0hite sugar change into something else3 9hat 0as it3yes$ carbon %.!laboration
A che"ical change difers rom physical change. %n a chemical change$ ne0 and diferent materials are ormed. 'he ne0 materials ormed ha,e properties diferent rom the original properties .Acids and absorption o/ heat are t0o actors needed or chemical change to occur . 9hen the materials burned$ they turned blac*$ unli*e the original substance .Burning re;uires application o/ heat .%t may or may not be applied or a change to happen. the presence o bubbles$ change in color and release o heat %ndicate a chemical change.
9hen a material undergoes a chemical change$ the ne0 material ormed cannot be brought bac* to its original orm. Chemical change is an irre,ersible process. E)amples o chemical change are rotting mouse$ripening o mango$ Burning o chop 0oods$production o electricity$photosynthesis$decaying ,agetables. !.!val&ation Put a chec* beore the number that sho0s a chemical change. 1.5ea,es are decaying 2.9ater is boiled .8arbage is burned 4.!e0ing the soc*s #.rotting tomatoes I'.Assign"ent ead something about the compost pit.ind out the chemical change that garbage undergoes. Chapter 2: Changes that Material Undergo Lesson 0:Observing Che"ical Change Duration: 2 Days I.Objective: 1. +bser,e that ne0 material is ormed in chemical change 2.%n,estigate changes that happen in materials in the presence or lac* o +)ygen. II.A.Materials 9ater$nails$steel 0ool$ one hal glass o mil*
B. eerences !cience in +ur 9orld #$ -ibal Pub. $ Gorma Abracia$E,elyn !arte !cience and "ealth #$!D Pub.$Carmelita Coronel C$ -alues %ntegration "elp parents do household chores III.LearningTass A. !ngage"ent (oti,ationJ 1.Arrange umbled 0ords$ meaning o physical and chemical 2. the rst group to arrange it correctly$ 0ins the game #.!$ploration
1. Di,ide the class into group. 'ell the to do lesson 4$ +bser,ing Chemical change. 2.5et each group ans0er all the ;uestions in their assigned tas*s .guide the pupils as they perorm their acti,ity 9hat to do: 1.Place nails and steel 0ool on the table.sprin*le some 0ater on them$
+bser,e them or 1 0ee*. 2.8et an empty can and burn some pieces o paper in it. +bser,e.
C.!$planation Allo0 them to share their ans0ers and the results o their acti,ities.
Iuestions and e)pected ans0ers: 1.Do you see rust orming on them3yes 2$9hat made them rusty3air and 0ater .0hat changes happened to the paper3it turned ash 4.0hat are the product or ne0 substance ormed in this acti,ity3 %.!laboration
'he nails and steel 0ool are made o iron.0hen 0et iron reacts 0ith O$)gen in the air$ rust is produced. ust is a ne0 substance. ust is an o)ide that orms 0hen iron reacts to o)ygen in the presence o 0ater.
9hen a nail is e)posed to o)ygen and 0ater$ rust starts to orm on its !urace. 'his situation sho0s +K%DA'%+G$ a chemical reaction that is aide by o)ygen. +nce a ne0 product is ormed$ the original material is &nidentiable. 9hen paper burns$ the paper reacts 0ith the o)ygen in the air. %ts moisture and its changes its color$sie$ te)ture and shape. Carbon dio)ide$ moisture and ashes are the ne0 substance that orm. !.!val&ation
Encircle the things that rust. (etal spoon pad paper stra0 scre0 money "ammer *eys
broom
coin
penci play
curtain thumbtac*s roc* ring
I'.Assign"ent
8o to the *itchen. 5oo* or some things 0hich undergo physical and chemical change
