Leadership Theory and Practice 7th Edition by Peter G. Northouse – Test Bank

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Test Bank Chapter 6 Path Goal

Multiple Choice

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Ans: C

Path –goal –goal theory could be best described as a Great person theory Transformational theory Motivational theory Behavioral theory

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Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Description Question Type: MC

2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Using the path-goal approach, expectancy theory suggests that Leaders’ needs and followers’ needs overlap Followers are motivated if they think completing a task will result in a valuable payoff. A leader should try to help followers re ach their fullest potential. Followers are motivated regardless of ability.

Ans: B Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Description Question Type: MC

3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

In path-goal theory, t he main components are ______, ______, and ________. ________. Leader style, follower characteristics, work setting Supportive leadership, directive leadership, participative leadership Follower characteristics, task characteristics, supportive leadership Leadership, followers, task

Ans: A Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

























4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

The researcher who consistently studied path-goal theory from the 1970s to 1990s is Bass Hersey Vroom House

Ans: D Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Description Question Type: MC

5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

Path-goal theory is similar to the situational approach in that Path-goal does not suggest leaders should be flexible Path-goal does not take followers into consideration Path-goal Path-goal requires leaders to adapt to followers’ needs Path-goal and situational both take the work setting into account

Ans: C Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Description Question Type: MC

























6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Motivation in path-goal theory is conceptualized using Psychodynamic theory Great man theory Expectancy theory Leader –member –member exchange theory

Ans: C Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Description Question Type: MC

7. 8. 9. 10. 11.

Leadership generates motivation by Adjusting style to commitment of followers Setting high expectations Using only directive behaviors Clarifying the path to goal accomplishment

Ans: D Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Description Question Type: MC

8. Leaders adjust their behaviors based on 9. Follower characteristics and work-setting characteristics

























Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Description Question Type: MC

9. 10. 11. 12. 13.

Expectancy theory is about Clearing the path for followers Rewarding followers for meeting their goals Establishing work group norms Anticipating leaders’ needs

Ans: B Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Description Question Type: MC

10. 11. 12. 13. 14.

The path-goal leader adjusts to the characteristics o f the follower and The characteristics of the work set ting The characteristics of the team members The prototype of the in-group members The skills of the followers

Ans: A Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

























11. 12. 13. 14. 15.

Path-goal theory integrates into which of the following theor ies of leadership? Leader emergence theory Contingency approach Expectancy theory Transformational theory


12. 13. 14. 15. 16.

The underlying assumption of expectancy theory is that followers will be motivated if They believe their leaders are capable c apable They believe their leaders are motivated They believe they are doing the right thing They believe their efforts will result in a certain outcome

Ans: D Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Description Question Type: MC



























13. 14. 15. 16. 17.

Expectancy theory, when applied in path-goal leadership says Leaders need to find the right reward to motivate followers Make the same rewards available to all followers Leaders should show motivation in m ultiple ways Followers are expected to motivate other followers.

Ans: A Cognitive Domain: Application Answer Location: Description Question Type: MC

14. Which researcher (s) focused on how leaders motivate followers to accomplish designated goals. 15. Kotter 16. Fisher 17. Hersey and Blanchard 18. House

Ans: D Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Description

























Ans: B Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Description Question Type: MC

16. 17. 18. 19. 20.

Which two path-goal leader behaviors are also leader behaviors in t he situational approach? Participative and directive Supportive and authoritative Supportive and directive Achievement-oriented and directive

Ans: C Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Description Question Type: MC

























Question Type: MC

18. Path-goal theory is about how leaders _________ subordinates to accomplish designated ________. 19. Encourage; tasks 20. Develop; goals 21. Motivate; goals 22. Influence; tasks


19. 20. 21. 22.

The directive leadership behavior is similar to Delegating in the SLII model Initiating structure in the Ohio State studies Consideration in the University of Michigan studies

























20. 21. 22. 23. 24.

It is accurate to say that directive leadership Attempts to make work challenging. Provides performance standards. Invites shared decision making. Is feedback oriented.

Ans: B Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Directive Leadership Question Type: MC

21. Your supervisor gives you a new project. You are informed that you have exactly 1 week to complete it and are handed an outline of w hat the final project should resemble. According to path-goal theory, which behavior best describes your supervisor? 22. Supportive 23. Directive 24. Participative 25. Achievement oriented

Ans: B Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

























23. 24. 25. 26.

Supportive Directive Participative Achievement oriented

Ans: C Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Participative Leadership Question Type: MC

23. 24. 25. 26. 27.

What best resembles the consideration behavior construct? Supportive Directive Participative Achievement oriented

Ans: A Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Participative Leadership Question Type: MC



























Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Achievement-oriented Leadership Question Type: MC

25. 26. 27. 28. 29.

Followers who have strong needs for affiliation prefer which type o f leadership behavior? Supportive Directive Participative Achievement oriented

Ans: A Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Follower Characteristics

























27. 28. 29. 30. 31.

The need for directive leadership increases when employees Believe that outside circumstances control their lives. Believe they are in c harge of their lives. Feel competent to complete their work. Want to help make decisions.

Ans: A Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Follower Characteristics Question Type: MC

























29. 30. 31. 32. 33.

Followers with an internal locus of control believe That leaders are in charge of events that occur in their lives. That fate and change are in charge of events that occur in their t heir lives. That they are in charge of the events that occur in their lives. That the organization is in charge of the events that occur in their lives.

Ans: C Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Follower Characteristics Question Type: MC

30. House introduced new behaviors in his reformulated path-goal theory in 1996. These include all of the following except 31. Inherent trait approach.

























Ans: B Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Follower Characteristics Question Type: MC

32. Path-goal theory suggests that leaders should respond to autonomous group members with unstructured tasks from a 33. Directive style. 34. Supportive style. 35. Participative style. 36. Achievement style.

Ans: C

























Question Type: MC

34. 35. 36. 37. 38.

Path-goal theory suggests all of the following except That task and subordinate characteristics affect leadership effectiveness. That leaders should help subordinates around their difficulties by removing obstacles. That subordinates with an external locus of control should be directed. That leaders need confidence and articulateness.

Ans: D Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: How Does PGT Work? Question Type: MC



























36. 37. 38. 39. 40.

Path-goal theory does not clearly show how Leader behaviors affect follower motivation levels. Motivation is achieved by followers. Whether or not leaders can adapt behaviors to different situations. The best context for supportive behaviors.

Ans: A Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Criticisms

























41. Directive style 42. Participative style

Ans: D Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Follower Characteristics Question Type: MC

























Answer Location: Follower Characteristics Question Type: MC

41. Manuel has a good sense of who he is and is confident that what he does and how he responds to situations will help him achieve his goals. Manuel has 42. External locus of control 43. Need for affiliation

























43. The new behaviors House identified in his reformulated path-goal review in 1996 have the same essential premise as the original work which is 44. To match leader behavior to follower competence and commitment 45. To describe task and relationship behaviors 46. To identify competencies of leaders 47. To give followers what is missing in their workplace

Ans: D Cognitive Domain: Application

























47. Achievement behaviors 48. Supportive behaviors 49. Participative behaviors

Ans: B Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Leader Behaviors Question Type: MC



























Answer Location: Leader Behaviors Question Type: MC

























50. Path-goal theory is

























53. 54. 55. 56.

Directive behaviors Participative behaviors Supportive behaviors Achievement behaviors

























Ans: D Cognitive Domain: Application Answer Location: How Does PGT Work?

























Question Type: MC















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































Answer Location: Leadership Making Question Type: MC

39. 40. 41. 42. 43.

During the mature partnership phase of leadership making, Roles are tested Exchanges are medium quality Influences are mixed Interests are group focused

Ans: D Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Leadership Making Question Type: MC

40. 41. 42. 43. 44.

During the stranger phase of leadership making, Interests are mixed Exchanges are high quality Influences are one-way Interests are group focused

Ans: C Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Leadership Making

























41. 42. 43. 44. 45.

During the acquaintance phase of leadership making, interests are Self-focused Group focused Focused on group and self Reciprocal

Ans: C Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Leadership Making Question Type: MC

42. According to Graen and Uhl-Bien, leadership making develops progressively over time in how many phases? 43. 3 44. 4 45. 5 46. 6

Ans: A Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Leadership Making Question Type: MC

























45. Descriptive 46. Unscripted 47. Transactional

Ans: A Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Leadership Making Question Type: MC

44. 45. 46. 47. 48.

Who is responsible for making the offer for improved career-oriented interactions? Leader Follower Leader or follower Followers’ coworkers


45. 46. 47. 48.

The prescriptive nature of LMX Is described by the in-group and out-group Relies on leaders adjusting to follower characteristics Is found in the leadership-making phases


























46. 47. 48. 49. 50.

The dyadic relationship in LMX is Descriptive Prescriptive Unscripted Both descriptive and prescriptive


47. 48. 49. 50. 51.

Out-group members act differently from in-group members in that they Interact often with the leader Perform their job duties but no extra work Ask for additional responsibility Receive special attention from their leaders

Ans: B Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Leadership Making

























48. 49. 50. 51. 52.

In-group members Get more information from leaders Are focused on themselves rather than the team Have low-quality leader-member exchanges Do their jobs and nothing more


49. 50. 51. 52. 53.

During the early phases of leadership making, leaders look for what qualities in followers? Agreeableness and cooperation Good humor and intelligence Enthusiasm and participation Pleasantness and trustworthiness




























53. Less on the group’s interests 54. On both both their own and the group’s interests


51. 52. 53. 54. 55.

The mature partnership phase is not characterized characterized by Tasks Respect Reciprocity Transformational relationships



























53. According to Harris, Wheeler, and Kacmar, what moderates the impact of leader-member

exchange on job outcomes? 1. 2. 3. 4.

Empowerment Enthusiasm Cooperation Amount of experience


























Ans: D Cognitive Domain: Application Answer Location: Leadership Making Question Type: MC

55. 56. 57. 58. 59.

Which of the following is not a subordinate benefit of high LMX? Increased performance-related feedback Preferential treatment Social interaction outside of the work setting Ample access to supervisors


























Question Type: MC

57. You have been working at your job for over a year. Your boss starts o ffering you new

assignments with weekly meetings in order to exchange valuable information regarding the tasks. According to the LMX theory, you are now in a _____ role. 1. 2. 3. 4.

Tested Low-quality Scripted Negotiated

Ans: A Cognitive Domain: Application Answer Location: Leadership Making Question Type: MC

























Cognitive Domain: Application Answer Location: Leadership Making Question Type: MC

59. You have been working at your job for over a year. Your boss starts offering you new

assignments with weekly meetings in order to exchange valuable information regarding the tasks. According to the LMX theory, the influence between you is __________. 1. 2. 3. 4.

Tested Medium quality Mixed Negotiated

Ans: C Cognitive Domain: Application Answer Location: Leadership Making Question Type: MC



























Cognitive Domain: Application Answer Location: Leadership Making Question Type: MC

61. Ray is the leader of a non-profit organization that supports education for underserved populations in your community. You volunteer regularly with this organization and see Ray almost every day you are volunteering. Yesterday Ray asked you to take on a lead volunteer role, stating that your commitment to the organization and interaction with Ray have shown him he can count on you. You agree to step into this lead volunteer role. You and Ray have just entered which phase of leadership making? 62. Mature partnership phase 63. Acquaintance phase 64. Scripted partnership phase 65. Stranger phase

Ans: B


























63. I focus on getting my job done and satisfying my needs and also think about the needs of my team members. I also consider my influence with my leader as mixed and one in which w e are both testing my role in the organization. or ganization. We are in the 64. Mature partnership phase 65. Acquaintance phase 66. Stranger phase 67. Negotiated phase

Ans: B Cognitive Domain: Application Answer Location: Leadership Making

























65. 66. 67. 68. 69.

I feel as though I do not fit into my new work group. g roup. To which strength of LMX does this apply? Leadership making ostracizes some employees LMX is descriptive LMX is prescriptive Research on LMX is fully developed

Ans: B Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Strengths Question Type: MC

























70. When leaders are open to followers switching in- or out-groups 71. When leaders attempt to have all followers in the in-group

Ans: B Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Criticisms Question Type: MC

68. 69. 70. 71. 72.

Ans: C

Which of the following is a criticism of LMX? It alerts leaders to their biases It is a unique approach that looks at dyadic re lationships LMX does not fully explain the creation of high-quality exchanges It directs our attention to the importance of communication in leadership

























Answer Location: Criticisms Question Type: MC

70. 71. 72. 73. 74.

LMX theory can be applied By leaders at all levels of an or ganization By mid-level leaders only By upper-level leaders only By lower-level leaders only

Ans: A Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Application Question Type: MC



























Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Later Studies Question Type: MS

72. Phase 1 in leadership making 73. Is hierarchical

























74. 75. 76. 77. 78.

Leaders should try to Create high-quality leader-member exchanges with all followers Get all followers in the in-group Offer all followers opportunities for new roles and responsibilities Offer only in-group followers opportunities for new roles and responsibilities

Ans: A, B, C Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

























76. 77. 78. 79. 80.

Applying LMX in the workplace Makes things fair for all followers Helps followers understand in- and o ut-groups Can appear unfair to some followers Does not work in the real world

Ans: B, C Cognitive Domain: Application Answer Location: How Does LMX Work? Question Type: MS

























Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Application Question Type: MS

True/False

























Answer Location: Early Studies Question Type: TF

81. LMX challenged the assumption that leaders treated followers in a collective way, as a group, using an average leadership style. 82. True 83. False



























83. Subordinates in the out-group receive more information and concern from their leaders than do in-group members. 84. True 85. False

























Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Leadership Making Question Type: TF

















































90. A problem with LMX theory is that it appears to be unrelated to positive organizational

outcomes.

























influence on each other. 1. True 2. False











































































Leadership Theory and Practice 7th Edition by Peter G. Northouse – Test Bank

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