LEA-1POLICE LEA-1POLIC E ORGANIZAT ORGAN IZATION ION AND ADMINISTRATION ADMINISTRATION WITH WI TH POLICE PLANNING POP SHEETS IN LAW ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION LEA-1 POLICE ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION WITH POLICE PLANNING Law Enforcement Enforcement Am!n!"trat!on #LEA$ T%e co&r"e ea'" w!t% t%e "t&( of )r!nc!)'e" &ner'(!n* )o'!ce or*an!+at!on an mana*ement w!t% )art!c&'ar foc&" on t%e Con"t!t&t!ona' manate, Re)&'!c Act" ./0 an 21, an )re3!o&" 'aw" an !""&ance" re'at!n* t%ereto4 It !nc'&e" t%e or*an!+at!ona' "tr&ct&re an or*an!+at!on of t%e P%!'!))!ne Nat!ona' Po'!ce, on t%e nat!ona' an 'oca' 'e3e'"4 Em)%a"!" !" *!3en on !rect!on, "&)er3!"!on, coor!nat!on an contro' of a'' 'oca' 'oca' )o'!ce )o'!ce force" force" a" a %omo*e %omo*eneo neo&" &" o( o( &ner &ner a "!n*'e "!n*'e comma comman4 n4 It a'"o !nc'&e" t%e a"!c mana*ement f&nct!on" !n "o far a" t%e"e are a))'!e to t%e )o'!ce or*an!+at!on4 Po'!ce )'ann!n* !" !nte*rate !nto t%!" co&r"e, an !t !" e"!*ne to e5&!) t%e t%e "t& "t&en ent" t" w!t% w!t% 6now 6now'e 'e* *e e on t%e t%e e3e e3e'o 'o)m )men entt of e7ec e7ect! t!3e 3e )'an )'an", ", )ar )art!c&' !c&'ar ar'( '( on "tr "trate* ate*!e !e" " an an tact tact!c !c" " for for e7ec e7ect! t!3 3e o)er o)erat at!o !on" n"44 T%e em)%a"!" !" on t%e ")ec!a' tec%n!5&e" an )roce&re )roce&re a))'!ca'e to &n&"&a' nee" '!6e &n&"&a' cr!m!na' act!3!t!e", c!3!' !"t&rance", ")ec!a' comm&n!t( e3ent", !"a"ter )'an", an c!3!' efen"e4 Intro&ct!on8 T%e or*an!+at!on w!t% mana*ement mana*ement an am!n!"trat!on !" !recte towar" towar" t%e ac%!e3ement of *oa'" an o9ect!3e"4 Goa'" Goa'" are are roa roa "tate "tateme ment" nt" of *enera *enera'' an 'on* 'on* term term or*an or*an!+a !+at!o t!ona' na' )&r) )&r)o" o"e" e" ofte often n &" &"e e to e:n e:ne e t%e t%e ro'e ro'e of t%e t%e )o'!c )o'!ce, e, for for !n"t !n"tan ance ce,, to )re3 )re3en entt cr!m cr!me, e, ma!n ma!nta ta!n !n ore orerr or %e') %e') "o'3 "o'3e e comm comm&n &n!t !t( ( )ro )ro'e 'em" m"44 O9e O9ect ct!3 !3e" e" are are ") ")ec ec!: !:c c "% "%or ortt ter term "tat "tatem emen ent" t" con" con"!" !"te tent nt w!t% w!t% an or*an!+at!on" *oa'4 T%e or*an!+at!on *&!e" memer" !n !t" o)erat!on of t%e a""!*ne &t!e"4 It en%ance" etter am!n!"trat!on of t%e e)artment4 Goo or*an!+at!on an am!n!"trat!on wo&' e3ent&a''( mean e7ect!3e an e;c!ent )o'!ce wor64 Or*an!+at!on can a'"o !"t!n*&!"%e ( t%e!r e*ree of forma'!t( an "tr&ct&re8
Formal Organizatio Organization n-!" 14 Formal -!" e:n e:ne e a" t%o" t%o"e e or*a or*an! n!+a +at! t!on on" " t%at t%at are are forma''( e"ta'!"%e for e<)'!c!t )&r)o"e of ac%!e3!n* certa!n *oa'"4 #Sta'e "oc!a' !n"t!t&t!on"4$
=4 Informal Organization- are t%o"e "%ar!n* t%e a"!c c%aracter!"t!c of a'' or*an or*an!+a !+at!o t!on" n" ar!"e ar!"e t%ro&* t%ro&*% % t%e "oc!a' "oc!a' !ntera !nteract! ct!on" on" of !n!3! !n!3!&a' &a'" " or t%ro&*% fam!'( *ro&)!n*4 W%at !" Organization> It !" a form of %&man a""oc!at!on for t%e atta!nment of *oa' or o9ect!3e4 It !" t%e )roce"" of !ent!f(!n* an *ro&)!n* t%e wor6 to e )erforme, e: e:n!n* n!n* an an e'e e'e* *at!n at!n* * re")o e")on" n"! !!' !'!t !t( ( an an a&t% a&t%or or!t !t( ( e"ta e"ta' '!" !"%! %!n* n* re'at!on"%!)" for t%e )ro)o"e of ena'!n* )eo)'e wor6 e7ect!3e'(4 W%at !" Po'!ce Or*an!+at!on Or*an!+at!on> >
Police organization !" a *ro&) *ro&) of tra!ne tra!ne )er"onne' )er"onne' !n t%e :e' of )&'!c )&'!c "afet( am!n!"trat!on en*a*e !n t%e ac%!e3ement of *oa'" an o9ect!3e" t%at )romote" t%e ma!ntenance of cr!me"4 Administration of Police Organization - It !" t%e "("temat!c "tr&ct&re of mana*ement of a )o'!ce or*an!+at!on4 What is Police? Police !" a ranc% of t%e cr!m!na' 9&"t!ce "("tem t%at %a" t%e ")ec!:c re")on"!!'!t( of ma!nta!n!n* 'aw an orer an comat!n* cr!me w!t%!n t%e "oc!et(4 T%e term )o'!ce are er!3e from t%e wor POLITIA, mean!n* con!t!on of a "tate, *o3ernment an am!n!"trat!on, POLITIA or*an!+at!on !" from t%e Gree6 wor POLITEIA w%!c% mean" *o3ernment, c!t!+en"%!), or t%e ent!re act!3!t( of a POLIS, a c!t(4
POLICE #roae"t "en"e$ mean" t%e !nterna' or*an!+at!on or re*&'at!on of a "tate, t%e contro' an re*&'at!on of a comm&n!t( or "tate t%ro&*% t%e e
Police Activities: 14 T%e )re3ent!on of Cr!m!na'!t(4 =4 Re)re""!on of Cr!me4 ?4 A))re%en!n* of o7ener"4 @4 Reco3er( of Pro)ert(4 Pro)ert(4
4 Re*&'at!on of Non-Cr!m!na' Con&ct4 .4 Performance of Re'ate M!"ce''aneo&" Ser3!ce4 T%e or*an!+at!on of t%e )o'!ce force common'( re5&!re" t%e fo''ow!n* or*an!+at!ona' &n!t"8 F&nct!ona' n!t"8 14 Brea - t%e 'ar*e"t or*an!c f&nct!ona' &n!t w!t%!n a 'ar*e e)artment4 It com)r!"e" of n&mer" of !3!"!on"8 =4 !ivision - a )r!mar( "&!3!"!on of a &rea&4 ?4 "ection -f&nct!ona' &n!t w!t%!n a !3!"!on t%at !" nece""ar( ")ec!a'!+at!on4
for
@4 #nit -f&nct!ona' *ro&) w!t%!n a "ect!onB or t%e "ma''e"t f&nct!ona' *ro&) w!t%!n an or*an!+at!on4
Territorial #nits8 14 Post - a :
Other Items and Terminologies 14 "%orn O&cers-a'' )er"onne' of t%e )o'!ce e)artment w%o %a3e oat% an w%o )o""e" t%e )ower to arre"t4 =4 "'erior O&cer- one %a3!n* "&)er3!"or( re")on"!!'!t!e", e!t%er tem)orar!'( or )ermanent'(, o3er o;cer" of 'ower ran64 ?4 Commanding O&cer- an o;cer w%o !" !n comman e)artment, a &rea&, a !3!"!on, an area, or a !"tr!ct4
of
t%e
@4 $an(ing O&cer- t%e o;cer w%o %a" t%e "en!or ran6 !n a team or *ro&)4 4 Length of "ervice- t%e )er!o of t!me t%at %a" e'a)"e "!nce t%e oat% of o;ce wa" am!n!"tere4 Pre3!o&" act!3e "er3!ce" ma( e !nc'&e or ae4 .4 On !t) - t%e )er!o w%en an o;cer !" act!3e'( en*a*e !n t%e )erformance of %!" &t(4 04 O* !t) - t%e nat&re of w%!c% t%e )o'!ce o;cer !" free from ")ec!:c ro&t!ne &t(4 24 "'ecial !t) -t%e )o'!ce "er3!ce, !t" nat&re, w%!c% re5&!re" t%at t%e o;cer e e
$les1=4 !e'artment r&'e" e"ta'!"%e ( e)artment !rector""&)er!or" to contro' t%e con&ct of t%e memer" of t%e )o'!ce force4 1?4 !t) ,anal -e"cr!e" t%e )roce&re" an e:ne" t%e &t!e" of o;cer" a""!*ne to ")ec!:e )o"t or )o"!t!on4 1@4 Order an !n"tr&ct!on *!3en ( a ran6!n* o;cer to a "&or!nate, e!t%er8 a4 Genera' Orer, 4 S)ec!a', or c4 Per"ona' 14 $e'ort - &"&a''( a wr!tten comm&n!cat!on &n'e"" ot%erw!"e ")ec!:e" to e 3era' re)ort"B 3era' re)ort" "%o&' e con:rme ( wr!tten comm&n!cat!on4
-atre of Police Organization T%e 'olice de'artment !" tr&'( a com)'e< &rea&crac(4 It !" mo"t'( a m&'t!-'e3e' or*an!+at!on, or*an!+e !n t%e form of a )(ram! w!t% t%e to)'e3e' am!n!"trator e!n* t%e c%!ef of )o'!ce4
At t%e ottom 'e3e' of t%e or*an!+at!on, one :n" t%e )atro'man or '!ne o;cer4 T%e 'atrol
o&cer !"
t%e
ac6one
of
t%e
)o'!ce
e)artment4
T%e 'owe"t 'e3e' wor6er fo&n !n man(, !f not mo"t, com)'e< or*an!+at!on" w%o &"&a''( )erform" t%e ro&t!ne, re)et!t!3e 6!n of wor6 nece""ar( to 6ee) t%e or*an!+at!on f&nct!on!n*4 T%e )o'!ce e)artment ( !t" 3er( nat&re )'ace" t%e '!ne o;cer !n a )o"!t!on w%ere %e !" a ec!"!on ma6er an mana*er of %!" area of re")on"!!'!t( from t%e :r"t t!me %e !" *!3en a eat to )atro'4 T%ere are !nee few a*enc!e" !n w%!c% t%e e;c!enc( an )arameter of t%e 'aw enforcement f&nct!on" are 3e"te !n t%o"e !n!3!&a'" 5&!te '!6e'( %a3e t%e 'ea"t amo&nt of e<)er!ence an e<)ert!"e !n t%e or*an!+at!on4
T)'es of Police Organizational "trctres An organizational strctre !" a mec%an!ca' mean" of e)!ct!n*, ( an arran*ement of "(mo'",t%e re'at!on"%!)" t%at e
Line Organization T%e "tra!*%t '!ne or*an!+at!on, often ca''e t%e !n!3!&a', m!'!tar( or e)artmenta' t()e" of or*an!+at!on, !" t%e "!m)'e"t an )er%a)" t%e o'e"t t()e"B &t !t !" "e'om enco&ntere !n !t" c%anne'" of a&t%or!t( an re")on"!!'!t( e
.ic( decisions can e mae !n t%e '!ne or*an!+at!on eca&"e of t%e !rect '!ne" a&t%or!t(4 eca&"e of t%e"e !rect '!ne", eac% memer !n t%e c%a!n of comman 6now" to w%om %e !" c'ear'( :
!isci'line !"
am!n!"tere
!n
t%!"
t()e
of
t%e
or*an!+at!on4
$es'onsi+ilit) for ma6!n* ec!"!on" !" we'' !ent!:e4 S!n*'ene"" of
)&r)o"e
!"
fo"tere4
Coor!nat!on of e7ort !" re'at!3e'( ea"( to ac%!e3e eca&"e f&nct!ona' o3er'a))!n* !n etween &n!t", a )r!me ca&"e of fr!ct!on !n an( or*an!+at!on can e m!n!m!+e4
Fnctional Organization T%e fnctional organization !n !t" )&re form !" rare'( fo&n !n )re"ent a( or*an!+at!on",
!;c&'t
to
am!n!"ter
eca&"e
of
t%!"
m&'t!-%eae
T%ere ma( e con"!era'e con!ct amon* t%e f&nct!ona' am!n!"trator", re"&'t!n* !n m&c% conc'&"!on amon* '!ne )er"onne'4 L!ne of a&t%or!t( an re")on"!!'!t( are fra*mente !nto man( f&nct!ona' c%anne'", ma6!n* eac% "&)er!or re")on"!'e to "e3era' "&)er!or" e)en!n* &)on t%e f&nct!on %e %a))en" to e )erform!n*4 T%e f&nct!ona' or*an!+at!on !n !t" )&re"t form !" rare'( fo&n !n )re"enta( or*an!+at!on e
Advantages 14 !3!e" re")on"!!'!t( an a&t%or!t( etween "e3era' ")ec!a'!"t"B =4 F&nct!ona' re")on"!!'!t( !" '!m!te to t%e )art!c&'ar act!3!t( o3er w%!c% %e %a" contro' re*ar'e"" of w%o )erform" t%e f&nct!on"4
!isadvantages 14 Coor!nat!on of e7ort ecome" !;c&'tB =4 D!"c!)'!ne !" !;c&'t to am!n!"terB ?4 Con!ct amon* t%e f&nct!ona' am!n!"trator"4
Line and "ta* Organization T%e line and sta* organization !" a com!nat!on of t%e '!ne an f&nct!ona' t()e"4 It com!ne" "ta7 ")ec!a'!"t "&c% a" t%e cr!m!na'!"t", t%e tra!n!n* o;cer", t%e re"earc% an e3e'o)ment ")ec!a'!"t", etc4 c%anne'" of re")on"!!'!t( !" to t%!n6 an )ro3!e e<)ert!"e for t%e '!ne &n!t"4 T%e '!ne "&)er3!"or m&"t rememer t%at %e ota!n" a3!ce from t%e "ta7 ")ec!a'!"t4 In norma' o)erat!on", t%e "ta7 "&)er3!"or %a" '!ne comman" &t w!t% reco*n!+e '!m!tat!on" "&c% a" coor!nat!on etween '!ne an "ta7 )er"onne' can e ac%!e3e w!t%o&t &n&e fr!ct!on4 Fa!'&re to reco*n!+e t%e"e '!ne an "ta7 re'at!on"%!) !" t%e *reate"t an mo"t fre5&ent "o&rce of fr!ct!on an a arr!er to e7ect!3e coor!nat!on4 T%e a3anta*e of t%!" 6!n wo&' e- !t com!ne" "ta7 ")ec!a'!"tor &n!t" w!t% '!ne or*an!+at!on "o t%at "er3!ce of 6now'e*e can e )ro3!e'!ne )er"onne' ( ")ec!a'!"t4
POLICE "E$/ICE Fndamental Theories of Police "ervice 14 The Continental Theor) - )o'!ce are "er3ant of %!*%er a&t%or!t!e" an t%e )eo)'e %a3e '!tt'e or no "%are at a'' !n t%e!r &t!e", nor an( !rect connect!on w!t% t%em4 =4 The 0ome $le Theor) - )o'!cemen are con"!ere a" "er3ant" of t%e comm&n!t( w%o efen for t%e e7ect!3ene"" of t%e!r f&nct!on &)on t%e e<)re"" w!"%e" of t%e )eo)'e4
Conce'ts of Police "ervice 14 Old Conce'ts -t%!" o' )%!'o"o)%( mean" t%row!n* more )eo)'e !n 9a!' rat%er t%an 6ee)!n* t%e"e o&t 9a!'4 P&n!"%ment !" t%e "o'e !n"tr&ment of cr!me contro'4 T%e( (ar"t!c6 of e;c!enc( of t%e )o'!ce !" more on arre"t"4 =4 ,odern Conce't -)o'!ce "er3!ce toa( %a" roaene !t" act!3!t!e" to !nc'&e certa!n a")ect of "oc!a' "er3!ce for t%e we'fare of t%e )eo)'e4 T%e!r (ar"t!c6 of e;c!enc( !" t%e a"ence of cr!me4 A'' )o'!ce f&nct!on an act!3!t!e" can e cate*or!+e a" t%e!r '!ne or non'!ne4 L!ne f&nct!on" are t%o"e ta"6" t%at !rect'( fac!'!tate t%e accom)'!"%ment of or*an!+at!ona' *oa'", w%erea" non-'!ne f&nct!on" are
t%o"e
ta"6"
t%at
"&))'ement
t%e
'!ne
!t"
ta"6
)erformance4
L!ne act!3!t!e" are f&rt%er ro6en !nto t%e "&-cate*or!e"8 )r!mar( '!ne an "econar( '!ne f&nct!on", ot% of w%!c% are :e' "er3!ce4 14 Line Fnction 1414 Primar) Line Fnction T%e )r!mar( '!ne f&nct!on !" )o'!ce )atro'B t%at !" t%e )atro' act!3!t!e" of a )o'!ce or*an!+at!on are con"!ere a"!c an t%e :r"t )r!or!t(4 T%e )atro' !3!"!on %a" t%e !n!t!a' re")on"!!'!t( for cr!me )re3ent!on an !ctat!on of t%e a))re%en"!on of o7ener"4 It a'"o a""!"t" !n t%e )re)arat!on !n t%e fact" for )re"entat!on !n a co&rt of 'aw4 T%eoret!ca''(, !f t%e )atro' force were 1 )ercent e7ect!3e !n t%e e
an
e)artment
mana*ement
are
"ta7
"er3!ce"4
Per"ona' e3e'o)ment !nc'&e" recr&!tment, "e'ect!on, tra!n!n*, an "&)er3!"!on4 &*et, )'ann!n* an re"earc%, !n")ect!on, an "!m!'ar act!3!t!e" fa'' &ner t%e %ea!n* of mana*er!a' act!3!t!e"4 =4=4 A2iliar) "ervices A'' non-'!ne not re*are a" "ta7 "er3!ce are c'a""!:e a" a&
LI-E F#-CTIOPr!mar( Seconar( Sta7 A&
-Pro)ert( contro' -Comm&n!cat!on -Cr!me Laorator( -a!'-S&))'( -Tran")ortat!on -Ma!ntenance
P$I-CIPLE" OF O$3A-I4ATIO To &ner"tan t%e or*an!+at!on an o)erat!on of )&'!c e)artment" certa!n *enera' a"!c )r!nc!)'e" of or*an!+at!on m&"t e &ner"too4 T%e"e )r!nc!)'e" of or*an!+at!on were *enerate ( t%e e<)er!ence of !n&"tr(, &"!ne"", an t%e m!'!tar( "er3!ce"4 T%e( %a3e no a"o'&te 3a'&e", &t t%e( o )ro3!e a c%ec6 '!"t a*a!n"t w%!c% an or*an!+at!on can e "tr&ct&ra''( an f&nct!ona''( e3a'&ate4 T%!" not!on w!'' ecome more e:ne a" eac% )r!nc!)'e !" con"!ere4
!ivision of La+or For a )o'!ce or*an!+at!on to e e7ect!3e, wor6 a""!*nment" m&"t e e"!*ne "o t%at "!m!'ar ta"6", f&nct!on", an act!3!t!e" are *!3en to an !n!3!&a' or *ro&) for accom)'!"%ment4
Police fnctions are "&-!3!e !nto &n!t" t%at are e"cr!e a" fo''ow"8 14 Branch -&"&a''( t%e 'ar*e"t &n!t w!t%!n "tat!on =4 !ivision )art of t%e ranc% %a3!n* a e)artment-w!e f&nct!on ?4 "ection -a"!ca''( one of t%e "e3era' f&nct!ona' e'ement" of a !3!"!on
#nit) of Command #nit) of command re5&!re" t%at an !n!3!&a' e !rect'( acco&nta'e to on'( one "&)er!or4 No )er"on can e7ect!3e'( "er3e two "&)er!or" at a *!3en t!me4 Chain of Command Pr!mar!'( t%!" )r!nc!)'e )ro3!e" for t%e 3ert!ca' mo3ement of a&t%or!t( &) an own e"ta'!"%e c%anne'" !n t%e or*an!+at!ona' %!erarc%(4 To !''&"trate t%!" conce)t, con"!er a !rect!3e" or!*!nat!n* !n t%e o;ce of t%e )atro' c%!ef !ntene for t%e )atro' force #ownwar mo3ement$4 Two 'e3e'" of a&t%or!t( fa'' etween t%e )atro' c%!ef an t%e )atro' o;cer !n")ector4
eca&"e ot% 'e3e'" are %e' re")on"!'e for 3ar!o&" a")ect" of )atro' "&)er3!"!on, ot% m&"t e aware of "&c% !rect!3e"4 If e!t%er "&)er3!"or !" (-)a""e, t%at one can not e%e' acco&nta'e for t%e 'ac6 of 6now'e*e4 F&rt%er, )erformance of "&)er3!"or( &t!e" !" *reat'( %!nere, an )otent!a''( "er!o&" )ro'em !" create4
!elegation of $es'onsi+ilit) and Athorit) T%ere m&"t e a c'ear '!ne of norma' a&t%or!t( r&nn!n* from t%e to) to ottom of e3er( or*an!+at!on4 't!mate a&t%or!t( an re")on"!!'!t( for a )o'!ce or*an!+at!on '!e" at t%e to) of t%e c%a!n of comman-w!t% t%e c%!ef4 Howe3er, !f a "&or!nate !" to e %e' re")on"!'e for t%e accom)'!"%ment of a *!3en ta"6, %e or "%e m&"t e *!3en t%e a&t%or!t( to carr( o&t t%o"e re")on"!!'!t!e"4 It !" !m)ortant, a'"o t%e re")on"!!'!t( an t%e a&t%or!t( e c'ear'( e:ne4 If t%e )atro' o;cer" are *!3en t%e re")on"!!'!t( for e3a'&at!n* )o'!ce re")on"e t!me on a *!3en a( or !n a ")ec!:c "!t&at!on, t%e o;cer m&"t e *!3en t%e a&t%or!t( to )roc&re t%e comm&n!cat!on 'o*" from t%e comm&n!cat!on center4 W!t%o&t t%!" a&t%or!t(, t%e ent!re ta"6 cannot e accom)'!"%e4
!elineation of $es'onsi+ilit) and Athorit) A c'ear-o&t e'!neat!on of re")on"!!'!t( an a&t%or!t( !" e""ent!a' to )re3ent conf&"!on of '!ne" of a&t%or!t(4 If re")on"!!'!t( an a&t%or!t( are not c'ear'( e:ne, con!ct", &)'!cat!on an o3er'a)" of f&nct!on 'ea to conf&"!on an !ne;c!enc(4 Eac% o;cer an eac% or*an!+at!on "e*ment of a&t%or!t( e'e*ate to accom)'!"% t%e 9o4
"'an of Control T%e n&mer of o;cer" or &n!t" re)ort!n* !rect'( to t%e "&)er3!"or "%o&' not e
e
)erforme4
It !" not &n&"&a' to :ne :ft( or "!
O+5ective A'' or*an!+at!ona' e'ement" m&"t contr!&te, !rect'( or !n!rect'(, to t%e accom)'!"%ment of t%e o9ect!3e" of t%e enter)r!"e4 Eac% or*an!+at!ona' e'ement "%o&' e forme for a e:n!te )&r)o"e, an t%!" )&r)o"e" m&"t e accom)'!"% t%e ma9or o9ect!3e4 An( )o'!ce f&nct!on an or*an!+at!ona' e'ement" t%at !" not re5&!re !n t%e accom)'!"%ment of t%e o3era'' o9ect!3e" "%o&' e e'!m!nate4
Coordination T%e or*an!+at!ona' "tr&ct&re m&"t fac!'!tate t%e e3e'o)ment of c'o"e, fr!en'(, an co-o)erat!3e re'at!on", e")ec!a''( etween '!ne an "ta7 act!3!t!e"4 E7ect!3e coor!nat!on !" e)enent a'mo"t ent!re'( &)on ae5&ate comm&n!cat!on amon* a'' e'ement of a )o'!ce or*an!+at!on4
Time T%e )o'!ce "er3!ce !" amon* t%e few )&'!c "er3!ce" t%at ma!nta!n a twent(-fo&r %o&r "c%e&'e4 It !" nece""ar( to t%e e)artment to a""!*ne o;cer" !n "&;c!ent n&mer to meet t%e eman" at an( *!3en t!me4
Watch or "hift A t!me !3!"!on of t%e a( to en"&re )ro)er a''ocat!on of )er"onne'4 S%!ft" are norma''( e!*%t con"ec&t!3e %o&r", :3e a(", *!3!n* an o;cer a fort(-%o&r a wee64 Howe3er, 'on*er wor6!n* %o&r" an wor6 wee6" are common4 F&rt%er, "%!ft" fre5&ent'( o3er'a)" to )ro3!e a!t!ona' )er"onne' &r!n* )ea6 )er!o4
Territor)
Terr!tor!a' !"tr!&t!on !" nece""ar( to en"&re t%e a3a!'a!'!t( an *enera' "&!ta!'!t( of t%e )atro' "er3!ce t%ro&*%o&t a 9&r!"!ct!on4 Geo*ra)%!ca' or terr!tor!a' !3!"!on" of t%e e)artment can e e"cr!e a" fo''ow"8 14 Post - a :
-atre of the O&ce of a Policeman A )o'!ce man m&"t %a3e a m!n of a 'aw(er t%e "o&' of a c'er*(man, t%e %eart of t%e "oc!a' wor6er, !"c!)'!ne of an arm( "er*eant, t%e !nte*r!t( of a "a!nt4 He m&"t e'!e3e !n a comm&n!t( of 'aw, w%!'e "ee!n* '!tt'e &t 'aw'e""ne""B e'!e3e !n t%e *oone"" of man, w%!'e "ee!n* t%e man mo"t often at %!" wor"t, e)en on %!" fa!t%f&'ne"", 6now %!" 9&r!"!ct!on" '!6e a "oc!o'o*!"t, an %e m&"t &ner"tan )eo)'e '!6e a )"(c%o'o*!"t4 He m&"t ta6e 'on* 3!ew of '!fe '!6e a )%!'o"o)%er an (et ne3er 'o"!n* %!" common to&c%4
POLICE OPE$ATIO-" Police O'eration Anot%er wor !n t%e 'ar*e co''ect!on of )o'!ce "er3!ce term!no'o*( !" o)erat!on"4 For t%e mo"t )art, o)erat!on !" "(non(mo&" w!t% line fnction4 In accorance w!t% )re3!o&" e:n!t!on", o)erat!on" are !nc'&"!3e of ot% )r!mar( an "econar( '!ne f&nct!on"4 "+division of the O'eration Area4 14 !istrict - !" a "&!3!"!on of a )ro3!nce an "%a'' con"!"t of a metro)o'!tan c!t( or a metro)o'!tan c!t( an a9acent m&n!c!)a'!t!e" "ma'' c!t!e", or "e3era' a9acent m&n!c!)a'!t!e" an "ma'' c!t!e"4 =4 "tation -!" a "&!3!"!on of a !"tr!ct an "%a'' con"!"t of a 'ar*e
m&n!c!)a'!t( or a "ma'' c!t( or m&n!c!)a'!t!e""ma'' c!t( an "ome a9acent "ma''er m&n!c!)a'!t!e" or "e3era' a9acent m&n!c!)a'!t!e"4 ?4 "+1station -!" a "&!3!"!on of a "tat!on an "%a'' con"!"t of a 'ar*e m&n!c!)a'!t( or "ma'' c!t( or a m&n!c!)a'!t( !t"e'f4
O'erating #nit of a Police "tation 14 Patrol !ivision6"ection - "%a'' e re")on"!'e for cr!me )re3ent!onB *enera' )re"er3at!on of )eace an orerB cr!me "&))re""!on, an ot%er )&'!c "afet( "er3!ce"4 =4 Investigation !ivision6section - "%a'' e c%ar*e w!t% t%e &t( of carr(!n* on t%e o9ect!3e" of cr!m!na' !n3e"t!*at!on, t%at !", to !ent!f( an 'ocate t%e *&!'t( )art( an )ro3!e e3!ence of %!" *&!'t t%ro&*% cr!m!na' )rocee!n*"4 ?4 /ice Control !ivision6"ection - "%a'' e re")on"!'e for t%e ne&tra'!+at!on or "&))re""!on of 3!ce" "&c% a" *am'!n*, )ro"t!t&t!on an r&* a&"e4 @4 7venile !ivision6"ection - "%a'' e )r!mar!'( concerne w!t% c%!'ren an (o&t%, t%e correct!on an re%a!'!tat!on of (o&t% o7ener"4 4 Intelligence !ivision6"ection - "%a'' wor6 for t%e etect!on of "(n!cate cr!me" an "&t'e cr!m!na' act!3!t!e", !nc'&!n* "&3er"!on an t%reat" to t%e "ec&r!t( of t%e "tate4 .4 Tra&c !ivision 6section - "%a'' e re")on"!'e from t%e enforcement of tra;c 'aw" an re*&'at!on of tra;c4 T%!" "ect!on !" )r!mar!'( concerne w!t% t%e motor!"t an )ee"tr!an"4 04 0omicide !ivision6"ection - "%a'' e c%ar*e w!t% t%e &t( to !n3e"t!*ate %om!c!e an m&rer ca"e"4 24 ,nici'al Police "+1station - "%a'' e concerne w!t% t%e *enera' ma!ntenance of )eace, orer an )&'!c "afet( w!t%!n t%e!r re")ect!3e 9&r!"!ct!on"4 T%e M&n!c!)a' Po'!ce S&-"tat!on "%a'' con"!"t of two )r!nc!)a' "ect!on" w!t% corre")on!n* f&nct!on" a" !n!cate e'ow8 a4 Patro' Sect!on 14 Pre"er3at!on of )eace an orer =4 S&))re""!on of cr!m!na' act!3!t!e" ?4 Cr!me )re3ent!on @4 In")ect!on act!3!t!e"
4 Enforcement of tra;c 'aw" an re*&'at!on" .4 F!re )re3ent!on an contro' 4 In3e"t!*at!on "ect!on 14 Cr!me !n3e"t!*at!on =4 3!ce contro' ?4 Contro' of 9&3en!'e e'!n5&enc( @4 C&"to( of )r!"oner"
Peace O&cer of "mall Police "tation Peace o;cer" of "ma'' Po'!ce "tat!on" are con"!ere a" *enera'!"t4 Mo"t "ma'' )o'!ce "tat!on w!t%!n t%e '!m!t" of t%e!r ca)a!'!t!e", are re")on"!'e for a'' act!3!t!e" !n t%e :e'" of 'aw enforcement an )&'!c "afet(4 T%e( )ro3!e ro&t!ne )atro', con&ct )rem!"e !n")ect!on, ma6e cr!m!na' an tra;c !n3e"t!*at!on", ma6e arre"t, an !n ot%er wa(", )ro3!e for t%e comm&n!t( "ec&r!t(4 In "&c% "tat!on", !t" memer" an o;cer" are ( an 'ar*e *enera'!"t4
0istorical Bac(grond on Policing Pr!m!t!3e Po'!c!n* Law enforcement can e trace ac6 to t%e ca3e we''er", w%o were e<)ecte to fo''ow certa!n r&'e" or face an!"%ment or eat%4 T%e c&"tom" e)!cte !n ear'( ca3e we''!n* ma( re)re"ent t%e e*!nn!n* of 'aw an 'aw enforcement4 T%e )re%!"tor!c "oc!a' orer con"!"te of "ma'' fam!'( *ro&)" '!3!n* to*et%er a" tr!e" or c'an"4 Gro&) '!3!n* *a3e r!"e to c&"tom" e3er(one wa" e<)ecte to o"er3e4 T%e tr!eJ" c%!ef %a e
Ancient La% Enforcement The "merians T%e ear'!e"t recor of anc!ent )eo)'e" nee to "tanar!+e r&'e" an met%o" of enforcement to contro' %&man e%a3!or ate" to a))ro
The Ba+)lonians T%e Coe of K!n* Hamm&ra! #=1 4C4$ &r!n* t%e t!me of a('on!an
K!n* Hamm&ra!, %e e"ta'!"%e r&'e" for %!" 6!n*om t%at e"!*nate not on'( o7en"e" &t )&n!"%ment a" we''4 T%e )r!nc!)'e of t%e coe wa" t%at t%e "tron* "%a'' not !n9&re t%e wee64 Hamm&ra! or!*!nate t%e 'e*a' )r!nc!)'e of LE Ta'!on!"- t%e e(e for an e(e, toot% for a toot% octr!ne4
Ancient Eg)'t T%e ear'( E*()t!an" e"ta'!"%e 'aw" an co&rt an a r&!mentar( r&'e of 'aw4 T%e :r"t acco&nt of a e3e'o)!n* co&rt "("tem or!*!nate !n E*()t !n a))ro
Ancient 3reece T%e Gree6" %a an !m)re""!3e of 'aw enforcement ca''e t%e E)%or!4 Eac% (ear at S)arta, a o( of E)%or" wa" e'ecte an *!3en a'mo"t &n'!m!te )ower" a" !n3e"t!*ator, 9&*e, 9&r( an e
Ancient $ome T%e Roman" %a a %!*% e3e'o)ment "("tem of am!n!"ter!n* 9&"t!ce4 T%e 1=Ta&'ae #1= ta'e"$ were t%e :r"t wr!tten 'aw" of t%e Roman Em)!re4 It ea'" w!t% 'e*a' )roce&re", )ro)ert( owner"%!), &!'!n* coe", marr!a*e c&"tom" an )&n!"%ment for cr!me"4 At t%e re!*n of Em'eror Agsts, %e create t%e Praetorian 3ard, w%!c% con"!"te of ao&t 0 men"o'!er" to )rotect t%e )a'ace an t%e C!t( of Rome, to*et%er w!t% Cohorts to )atro' t%e c!t(4 t%e #r+an He create t%e "o ca''e /igiles w%o were a""!*ne a" :re :*%ter" an e3ent&a''( *!3en 'aw enforcement re")on"!!'!t!e"4 A" t%e :r"t c!3!'!an )o'!ce force t%e !*!'e" "omet!me" 6e)t t%e )eace 3er( r&t%'e""'(, %ence t%e wor vigilantes4 Anot%er !m)ortant e3ent wa" t%e t!me of 7stinian I , r&'er of t%e Ea"tern Roman Em)!re #=0 to =. A4D4$ w%o co''ecte a'' Roman 'aw" an )&t !t !nto %!" &"t!n!an Coe-t%e( ecame 6nown t%e Cor's 7ris Civilis w%!c% mean" Bod) of La%4
The Earl) Policing ")stem T%e )o'!c!n* "("tem !" !3!e !nto !7erent "("tem" name'(8
The Anglo1"a2on Period T%e An*'o-Sa
14 Tn Policing ")stem- T&n !" t%e forer&nner of t%e wor town4 ner t%!" "("tem a'' ma'e re"!ent" are re5&!re to *&ar t%e town an to )re"er3e t%e )eace an contro', to )rotect '!fe an )ro)ert( from %arm or !"t&rance4 =4 0e and Cr) a "("tem of a))re%en!n* a cr!m!na' w%ere( a com)'a!nt *oe" to t%e m!'e of t%e "treet an "%o&t" to ca'' a'' ma'e" to a""em'e4 T%e 3!ct!m re)ort" %!" com)'a!nt to t%e a""em'( an *!3e" t%e w%ereao&t" of t%e )er)etrator4 A'' ma'e re"!ent" wo&' t%en )rocee to 'ocate an a))re%en t%e c&')r!t4 W%en a))re%ene, tr!a'!" con&cte *!3!n* t%e c&')r!t a c%ance to e)en %!m"e'f4 ?4 The $o)al 7de -a )er"on w%o con&ct" cr!m!na' !n3e"t!*at!on an *!3e" )&n!"%ment4 P&n!"%ment &"&a''( :t" t%e cr!me comm!tte4 @4 Trial +) Ordeal- a "("tem of eterm!n!n* *&!'t an !nnocence !n t%e anc!ent t!me" w%!c% wa" a"e on )a!nf&' te"t of "6!''"4 It !" &"&a''( accom)an!e ( %ar"% )&n!"%ment4 For !n"tance, "&")ect" were re5&!re to )'ace t%e!r %an" !n o!'!n* o!' or water4 W%en not %&rt, !t !n!cate *&!'t an t%e "&")ect )'ace &ner )&n!"%ment4
The -ormal Period of Policing 89;;19<=> 14 "hire1$ieve ")stem- En*'an at t%e t!me of William -orman, !3!e En*'an !nto m!'!tar( !"tr!ct" 6nown a" t%e S%!reR!e3e4 "hire wa" t%e !"tr!ct, $ieve wa" t%e r&'er w%o ma6e" 'aw", )a"" 9&*ment an !m)o"e )&n!"%ment4 He wa" a""!"te ( a con"ta'e #fore r&nner of t%e wor con"ta&'ar($4 =4 The Traveling 7dge- one re")on"!'e !n )a""!n* 9&*ment w%!c% wa" ta6en from t%e S%!re-R!e3e !n3!ew of "ome a&"e" ( t%e R!e3e"4 ?4 Leges 0enri -t%e 'aw of @ing 0enrie I4 D&r!n*t%!" )er!o8 a4 o7en"e" were c'a""!:e a" a*a!n"t t%e 6!n* an !n!3!&a' 4 )o'!ce men were con"!ere )&'!c o;c!a'" c4 )o'!ce an t%e c!t!+en" %a3e t%e roa )ower to arre"t 4 a *ran 9&r( wa" create to !n5&!re on t%e fact" of t%e 'aw4 @4 The ,agna1Carta- 'aw" were enacte &)on t%e eman of t%e Kn!*%t" of t%e Ro&n Ta'e an force t%e 6!n* to "!*n t%e "ame4 E
The Westminster Period of Policing 89<=>19>
14 The "tatte of 9<>- t%!" 'aw )re"cr!e t%e c'o"!n* of t%e *ate" of Lonon at "&nown4 Start of c&rfew "("tem"4 =4 7stice of the Peace - t%!" wa" )o"!t!on w%!c% *!3e" a )er"on t%e )ower to arre"t, )&r"&e an !m)o"e !m)r!"onment4 ?4 The "tar Cham+er cort - a ")ec!a' co&rt w%!c% tr( o7en"e" a*a!n"t t%e "tate4
,odern 'olicing ")stem T%!" )er!o came to t%e '!me'!*%t w%en a !'' creat!n* t%e "cotland ard wa" )a""e ( t%e )ar'!ament of En*'an4 It wa" ")on"ore an e<)ane ( "ir $o+ert Pell w%o wa" mae to e t%e :r"t %ea of t%e )o'!ce or*an!+at!on4 He wa" referre a" t%e Father of ,odern Policing s)stem &e to %!" contr!&t!on" !n t%e moern!+at!on of t%e )o'!ce force4 T%e fo''ow!n* are t%e )r!nc!)'e" were con"!ere !n or*an!+!n* an am!n!"ter!n* t%e Scot'an ar 6nown a" t%e Peels Princi'les8 14 Sta'e an e7ect!3e )o'!ce force "%o&' e &ner *o3ernment contro'4 =4 A"ence of cr!me !" t%e e"t )roof of e;c!enc(4 ?4 Fa"t !"tr!&t!on of new to t%e )eo)'e !" e""ent!a'4 @4 Pro)er !"tr!&t!on of )er"onne' accor!n* to "%!ft an ( %o&r4 4 T%e e"t 5&a'!:cat!on of )eace o;cer" !" contro' of tem)er4 .4 Pro)er "e'ect!on an tra!n!n* !" t%e a"!" of e;c!enc(4 04 Po'!ce cannot f&nct!on )ro)er'( w!t%o&t w%o'e %earte "&))ort of t%e )eo)'e4 24 E3er( )o'!ce m&"t "e'' %!m"e'f to t%e )eo)'e4 /4 Po'!ce o;cer" m&"t *o o&t to t%e!r wa( to %e') or a""!"t t%e )eo)'e4
Phili''ine -ational Police T%e P%!'!))!ne Nat!ona' Po'!ce or PNP !" t%e nat!ona' )o'!ce force of t%e Re)&'!c of t%e P%!'!))!ne" w!t% a man)ower "tren*t% of 11?,/=2 a" of en-&'( =04 It )ro3!e" 'aw enforcement "er3!ce" t%ro&*% !t" re*!ona', )ro3!nc!a', m&n!c!)a', !"tr!ct an 'oca' )o'!ce &n!t" a'' o3er t%e !"'an"4 Create ( 3!rt&e of Re)&'!c Act ./0, ot%erw!"e 6nown a" t%e De)artment of t%e Inter!or an Loca' Go3ernment Act of 1//, t%e PNP came !nto e!n* on an&ar( =/, 1//1, at Cam) Crame, &e+on C!t(, w%en
t%e P%!'!))!ne Con"ta&'ar( an t%e Inte*rate Nat!ona' Po'!ce were ret!re a" manate ( 'aw4
0istor) Earl) Policing men or Or*an!+e )o'!c!n* "tarte !n 1" w%en night +anta)ans )atro''e t%e "treet" of Man!'a4 T%e n!*%t men were &ner t%e !rect!on of t%e algacilma)or w%o )ro3!e t%em w!t% m&"6et" a" wea)on" an a'arm e''" a" t%e!r mean" of comm&n!cat!on4 In 12?., t%e S)an!"% co'on!a' a&t%or!t!e" forme t%e Cadrillo, a r&ra' )o'!ce force, toenforce )eace !n t%e co&ntr("!e4 S!< (ear" 'ater, !t" *enera' f&nct!on wa" a""&me ( t%e Cer'o de Cara+ineros de "egridad P+lica T%e Cara+ineros de"egridad P+lica wa" or*an!+e !n 101= for t%e )&r)o"e of carr(!n* o&t'aw" of t%e S)an!"% *o3ernment4 Nat!3e F!'!)!no" "er3e &) to t%e ran6 of "er*eant &ner t%e comman of S)an!"% o;cer"4 It wa" t%e ear'!er 3er"!on of mo&nte r!emen !n t%e %!"tor( of t%e P%!'!))!ne )o'!ce "("tem4 In 12=, t%e notor!o&"'( reae 3ardia Civil too6 o3er )eace6ee)!n* &t!e" !n t%e !"'an" &ner a Ro(a' Decree4 G&ar!a C!3!' !n t%e )ro3!nce" wa" com)o"e ma!n'( of F!'!)!no" w%o wor6e &ner t%e 9&r!"!ct!on of t%e a'ca'e" or ma(or"4 T%e( fo''owe a m!'!tar( "tr&ct&re an rece!3e "em!m!'!tar( tra!n!n* (et 'ac6e ot%er !men"!on" of toa(J" )o'!ce "er3!ce4 T%e ca)t&re of Genera' Em!'!o A*&!na'o, )re"!ent of t%e F!r"t P%!'!))!ne Re)&'!c, "!*na'e t%e "tart of t%e Amer!can occ&)at!on of t%e P%!'!))!ne"4 Ma!nta!n!n* )eace an orer, )art!c&'ar'( !n t%e co&ntr("!e, rema!ne t%e !**e"t )ro'em of t%e Amer!can"4 T%e Amer!can" fa!'e to "&&e t%e fo''ower" of A*&!na'o '!6e Gen4 Macar!o Sa6a(4 Ho"t!'!t!e" cont!n&e !n atan*a", M!noro, Ce&, o%o'an Samar4 A m!'!tar( "o'&t!on to t%e )eace an orer )ro'em wa" r&'e, %ence, t%e !rt% of t%e Phili''ine Consta+lar)4
PaciDcation Cam'aigns To :*%t ram)ant 'aw'e""ne"", t%e P%!'!))!ne Con"ta&'ar( !3!e t%e ent!re co&ntr( !nto con"ta&'ar( !"tr!ct"4 an!tr( wa" ram)ant !n So&t%ern L&+on4 Recor" referre to t%e an!t" a" t&'!"ane"4 T%e "t('e of :*%t!n* of t%e ear'( Amer!can Con"ta'e" an t%e an!t" wa" man-toman, on foot, an *enera''( ( arm" an o'o"4Q T%e Amer!can foot "o'!er" %a a %ar t!me re)e''!n* t%e t&'!"ane" !n t%e!r :*%t !n t%e mo&nta!n" a" t%e!r enem!e" were fam!'!ar w!t% t%e terra!n4 Ma'ar!a an c%o'era were t%e !"ea"e" t%at t%e a!cte t%e Amer!can troo)" w%ene3er t%e( con&cte foot )atro' !n t%e %!nter'an"4
The Inslar Force T%e Amer!can" are cre!te for creat!n* t%e Phili''ine Consta+lar), t%e )r!nc!)a' !n"tr&ment of t%e c!3!' a&t%or!t!e" for t%e ma!ntenance of
)eace an orer4 T%e PC e*an a" a "ma'' &n!tt%e Inslar Force in 994 It wa" "et &) ( 3!rt&e of Organic Act -o 9> , enacte ( t%e "econd Phili''ine Commission on 7l) 9= 99 4T%e Con"ta&'ar( t%en wa" com)o"e of "!< t%o&"an men 'e ( Amer!can o;cer" an former memer" of t%e S)an!"% G&ar!a C!3!'4 ner c'o"e Amer!can !rect!on an contro', !t f&nct!one a" a m!'!tar( or*an!+at!on4 S!nce !t" format!on, t%e Con"ta&'ar( %a een )r!mar!'( !"c%ar*!n* )o'!ce 'aw enforcement an )&'!c "afet( f&nct!on"4 It" o;cer" an men %a "er3e w!t% !"t!nct!on ot% !n t%e :e' of 'aw enforcement an !n comat!n* 3!o'ence an 'aw'e""ne"", an !n 3ar!o&" a")ect" of )&'!c "er3!ce4 T%ere wa" e3en a t!me !n %!"tor( w%en t%e( )erforme t%e &t!e" of teac%er", "an!tar( !n")ector", m!w!3e", octor" an fore"ter"4 T%e P%!'!))!ne Con"ta&'ar( wa" manate a" a c!3!'!an or*an!+at!on on ,arch 9> 9G> w%en !t wa" )'ace &ner t%e *enera' "&)er3!"!on of t%e Inter!or t%en 'ater tran"ferre to t%e "ecretar) of -ational !efense on ,arch H 9>4 T%e "ecretar) of Interior %a "&)er3!"!on o3er t%e Con"ta&'ar( a" ear'( a" 7anar) 9H 9H &nt!' t%e o&trea6 of Wor' War II4A" an !n"&'ar )o'!ce force, t%e o;cer" of t%e Con"ta&'ar( carr!e t%e c!3!'!an t!t'e of !n")ector4Q It" )eace6ee)!n* &t( wa" '!m!te to area" w%ere m!'!tar( r&'e %a een '!fte4
The Consta+lar) At War T%e )art!c!)at!on of t%e Con"ta&'ar( !n t%e ar6 (ear" of t%e Secon Wor' War e*an &)on Pre"!ent Roo"e3e'tJ" ec'arat!on of a "tate of emer*enc( !n t%e n!te State"4 Man!'a )re)are for war4 T%e wor %a een "ent8 a)an, t%e A
The !eath ,arch T%e a)ane"e %a ta6en Man!'a &t were "&r)r!"e t%at no efen"e force"
were wa!t!n* to e ca)t&re4 T%e a)ane"e force" t%en e*an t%e "!e*e of ataan, orer!n* fo&r !nfantr( re*!ment" w!t% art!''er( an tan6 "&))ort to cr&"% t%e Amer!can an F!'!)!no "o'!er"4 T%e a)ane"e t%en )re)are to tran"fer t%e )r!"oner" an "&rrenere troo)" to Cam) o !onnel in Ca'as Tarlac !n w%at %a" een 6nown a" t%e Deat% Marc%4Q eca&"e of tort&re an "tar3at!on, GH<; 'risoners of %ar died !n t%e !nfamo&" marc%4
The Post%ar Consta+lar) T%e co&nt( wa" 'eft !n "%am'e" after t%e Secon Wor' War4 Man!'a wa" !n r&!n"4 Loo"e :rearm" an ea o!e" '!ttere t%e "treet"4 T%!" wa" a'"o t%e )er!o w%en comm&n!"t !eo'o*( %a een )ro)a*ate !n t%e co&ntr("!e an %ar-'!ne "&))orter" %a een won4 T%e H&6on* Ma)a*)a'a(a n* a(an or H&6a'a%a) ecame a force to rec6on w!t% !n Centra' L&+on4 T%e 0(+alaha' %as +orn in Pam'anga an wa" ")awne ( a fe&a' 'an "("tem !n t%e )ro3!nce om!nate ( 'an'or"4 Pam)an*a wa" an !ea' *ro&nQ for t%e a*rar!an &nre"t4 It ac%!e3e 'e*a' "tat&" &r!n* t%e a)ane"e occ&)at!on w%en !t mer*e w!t% t%e *&er!''a force" !n :*%t!n* t%e a)ane"e4 T%e comm&n!"t mo3ement, meanw%!'e, ca)!ta'!+e on t%e a*rar!an )ro'em" of t%e co&ntr( to cement !t" )re"ence4 A*rar!an &nre"t wa" )re3a'ent !n a*r!c&'t&ra' 'an" !n L&+on a" we'' a" t%e ")raw'!n* %ac!ena" !n t%e "o&t%4
Lis Tarc ecame a 'eaer of t%e HM" an fo&ne %!" own *o3ernment !n Centra' L&+on4 It wa" &r!n* t%!" t&r&'ent )er!o t%at t%e P%!'!))!ne Con"ta&'ar( wa" react!3ate !nto t%e M!'!tar( Po'!ce Comman4 Face w!t% )eace an orer )ro'em", t%e M!'!tar( Po'!ce Comman wa" "&7er!n* from !t" own !nterna' cr!"e"4 T%e 'a"t war %a 6!''e man( Con"ta'e"4 T%ere wa" a eart% for tra!ne )er"onne' w%o wo&' e &t!'!+e to are"" t%e )ro'em"4 Con"ta&'ar( recor" "%owe t%at t%ere were ao&t =,H&6a'a%a)" !n L&+on !n 1/@.4 T%e M!'!tar( Po'!ce Comman, on t%e ot%er %an ,%a =?, !nforma' en'!"tee"4
$eorganization On an&ar( 1, 1/@@, t%e M!'!tar( Po'!ce Comman wa" !""o'3e ( 3!rt&e of E2ective Order -o G !""&e ( President ,anel A $o2as4 T%e
CommanJ" 1=, o;cer" an men were a"ore ( t%e new'( reor*an!+e P%!'!))!ne Con"ta&'ar(4 T%e re3!ta'!+e PC wa" !n c%ar*e of t%e co&ntr(J" )eace an orer e
Brig 3en ,ariano CastaJeda ecame c%!ef of t%e PC an !n"t!t&te reform"4 On 7ne <9 9G= President El'idio .irino o*ered general amnest) to the 0(s Tar&c, w%o %a een e'ecte a memer of Con*re"" re)re"ent!n* Pam)an*a, ret&rne to Man!'a4 &t Tar&c %a no )'an" to "&rrener4 He on'( went to Man!'a to co''ect %!" ac6 "a'ar!e" an &"e t%e mone( for %!" comrae"J o)erat!on" !n Centra' L&+on4 Pre"!ent Ramon Ma*"a("a( wa" cre!te for cr!))'!n* t%e H&6 mo3ement ( mo!'!+!n* t%e P%!'!))!ne Con"ta&'ar(4 Ma*"a("a( &"e t%e fr!en'( to&c%Q for w!nn!n* o3er t%e H&6", &!'!n* roa" for t%em an *!3!n* t%em 'an"4
The $ise of the Commnist Part) of the Phili''ines T%e P%!'!))!ne Con"ta&'ar(J" attem)t to ma!nta!n )eace an orer ! not en w!t% t%e ec!mat!on of t%e H&6"4 On !ecem+er <; 9;= 7ose ,aria "ison , a Po'!t!ca' Sc!ence "t&ent at t%e n!3er"!t( of t%e P%!'!))!ne", fo&ne t%e Comm&n!"t Part( of t%e P%!'!))!ne"4 T%e comm&n!"t !eo'o*( ")rea t%ro&*% a "ma'' !"c&""!on *ro&) ca''e Kaataan Ma6aa(an or*an!+e ( S!"on an %!" co''ea*&e" !n t%e m!'e "!
The PC ,etro'olitan Command T%e &)"&r*e of ma"" emon"trat!on" an 3!o'ence &r!n* t%e 'atter )art of t%e ." an t%e e<)an"!on e7ort" of t%e comm&n!"t mo3ement tr!**ere t%e creat!on of t%e PC Metro)o'!tan Comman4 To 5&e'' t%e &nre"t, Pre"!ent Fer!nan Marco" !""&e E2ective Order -m+er ; on 7l) 9G 9;e"ta'!"%!n* t%e PC ,etrocom w%!c% ecame t%e PCJ" "tr!6!n* force a" !t wa" a&t%or!+e to con&ct =@0 )atro' !n t%e ent!re Metro Man!'a an wa" ta"6e to "&))'ement or com)'ement 'oca' )o'!ce act!on !n t%e re)re""!on an )re3ent!on of cr!me"UQ ,artial La% and the PC
T%e P%!'!))!ne Con"ta&'ar( too6 on a )!3ota' ro'e w%en Pre"!ent Marco" ec'are Mart!a' Law on "e'tem+er <9 9< 4 Marco" mo!'!+e t%e Con"ta&'ar( an ot%er ma9or "er3!ce" of t%e m!'!tar( to !"mant'e t%e &ncon"t!t&t!ona' o))o"!t!onQ an to )re3ent w!e")rea %oo'!*an!"m an *an*"ter!"m4 Con3!nce t%at t%ere wa" a nee to re"tr&ct&re t%e "oc!a' a"e t%at re 'aw'e""ne"", Marco" reor*an!+e t%e *o3ernment mac%!ner( to e7ect %!" e"!re c%an*e" !n t%e "oc!a', econom!c an )o'!t!ca' "tr&ct&re"4 On ,arch <9 9G,Pre"!ent Fer!nan E4 Marco" "!*ne Presidential !ecree G<9 &n!f(!n* a'' t%e )o'!ce, :re an 9a!' "er3!ce" !n Metro Man!'a4 T%e mo3e wa" "!*n!:cant a" !t create an e'!te force, t%e ,etro'olitan Police Force t%at wa" )'ace &ner t%e ae*!" of t%e PC Metrocom4 T%e ecree wa" a'"o t%e :r"t "te) !n f&':''!n* t%e con"t!t&t!ona'manate for an !nte*rate nat!ona' )o'!ce force4 T%e Metro)o'!tan Po'!ce Force wa" ta"6e to carr( o&t t%e !nte*rat!on of a'' )o'!ce &n!t" nat!onw!e4 Brigadier 3eneral Pros'ero A Olivas, comman!n* *enera' of t%e Metrocom, wa" a""!*ne t%e ta"6 of 'a&nc%!n* t%e )!'ot )ro9ect &ner t%e "&)er3!"!on of F!e' 4 Ramo" an Brigadier 3eneral Cicero C Cam'os , e)&t( C%!ef for )o'!ce matter"4 Genera' O'!3a" wo&' %a3e t%e )ower an !rect!on o3er t%e Metrocom, !nc'&!n* tact!ca', "trate*!c mo3ement", e)'o(ment", )'acement" an &t!'!+at!on of t%e ent!re force an t%e tra!n!n* t%ereof4 On Agst !""&e Pre"!ent!a' !ecree = 9>,Marco" -o;> e"ta'!"%!n* t%e Inte*rate Nat!ona' Po'!ce w!t% t%e P%!'!))!ne Con"ta&'ar( a" t%e n&c'e&" an a'' )o'!ce o;cer" a" com)onent"4 T%e( werea'' )'ace &ner t%e "&)er3!"!on of t%e M!n!"tr( of Nat!ona' Defen"e4
The Creation of the Phili''ine -ational Police T%e Peo)'eJ" Re3o'&t!on of 1/2. "aw t%e !rt% of t%e 1/20 Con"t!t&t!on t%at !nc'&e a )ro3!"!on on t%e PNP w%!c% wa" to e nat!ona' !n "co)e an c!3!'!an !n c%aracter4Q In 1//1, t%e P%!'!))!ne Nat!ona' Po'!ce wa" create w!t% t%e )a""a*e of Re)&'!c Act No4 ./0, ot%erw!"e 6nown a" t%e De)artment of t%e Inter!or an Loca' Go3ernment Act of 1//4Q T%e )r!nc!)a' a&t%or" of t%e Re)&'!c Act ./0 were "enators Ernesto - ,aceda and AKilino Pimentel Congressmen 7ose " Co5angco 7r and $odrigo 3tang4
)on !t" "!*n!n* !nto 'aw on Decemer 1?, 1//, t%e PNP &nerwent a tran"!tor( )er!oBan on H9 ,arch 99 President Corazon AKino name 3eneral Cesar -azareno a" t%e Drst !irector 3eneral of the Phili''ine -ational Police 4 On 7anar) < 99,at Cam' Crame .ezon Cit) the Phili''ine Consta+lar) and the Integrated -ational Police were ret!re -ationalPolice wa" o;c!a''( an t%e Phili''ine orn4 L!6e an( new e3o'3!n* or*an!+at!on, t%e PNP "&7ere from !rt% )a!n"4 To are"" t%e"e concern", $e'+lic Act =>>9 or t%e PNP Reform an Reor*an!+at!on Act of 1//2 wa" enacte on Fe+rar) 9 9= to amen certa!n )ro3!"!on" of Re)&'!c Act No4 ./04 T%!" mo3e wa" !n re")on"e to t%e *row!n* c'amor to tran"form t%e PNP !nto a more re")on"!3e, e7ect!3e an re'e3ant )o'!ce or*an!+at!on4Q ner t%!" Act, t%e PNP "%a'' e "tren*t%ene an e3o'3e !nto a %!*%'( e;c!ent )o'!ce force t%at !" comm&n!t( an "er3!ce-or!ente an f&''( acco&nta'e !n t%e )erformance of !t" act!on4
O&cer Tra!n!n* O;cer" for t%e P%!'!))!ne Nat!ona' Po'!ce are "o&rce from t%e P%!'!))!ne Nat!ona' Acaem( a" we'' a" t%ro&*% 'atera' entr(, for ")ec!a'!+e !"c!)'!ne" an re5&!rement" "&c% a" octor", en*!neer" an ot%er tec%n!ca' )o"!t!on"4 T%e P%!'!))!ne Nat!ona' Po'!ce Acaem( !" 'ocate !n S!'an*, Ca3!te an !" t%e )r!mar( tra!n!n* "c%oo' for t%e PNP4
$ecritment and Training T%e PNP con&ct" re*&'ar recr&!tment )ro*ram", e)en!n* on ann&a' &*et a''ocat!on"4 T%e entr( 'e3e' for non-comm!""!one o;cer" !" t%e ran6 of Po'!ce O;cer 1 or PO1, w!t% a "tart!n* "a'ar( of P1@, =.4 !nc'&"!3e of a''owance"4 T%e new recr&!t" &ner*o Po'!ce a"!c Recr&!t Co&r"e for "!< mont%" an a F!e' Tra!n!n* Pro*ram for anot%er "!< mont%" )r!or to e)'o(ment to 3ar!o&" &n!t"4
$e'+lic
Act
-o
;> A))ro3e8 !ecem+er
9H
9
-An Act E"ta'!"%!n* t%e P%!'!))!ne Nat!ona' Po'!ce &ner a Reor*an!+e De)artment of t%e Inter!or an Loca' Go3ernment, an for ot%er )&r)o"e"4 PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE #PNP$ T%e P%!'!))!ne Nat!ona' Po'!ce #PNP$ %a" een e"ta'!"%e !n!t!a''( con"!"t!n* of t%e fo''ow!n*8
a4 Memer" of t%e )o'!ce force w%o were !nte*rate !nto t%e Inte*rate Nat!ona' Po'!ce #I-P$)&r"&ant to P! ;>B 4 O;cer" an en'!"te )er"onne' of t%e P%!'!))!ne Con"ta&'ar( #PC$ w%!c% !nc'&e8 VT%o"e a""!*ne w!t% t%e Narcot!c" Comman #-A$CO,$B VT%o"e a""!*ne w!t% t%e Cr!m!na' In3e"t!*at!on Ser3!ce #CI"$B VT%o"e of t%e tec%n!ca' "er3!ce" of t%e AFP a""!*ne w!t% t%e PC4 VC!3!'!an o)erat!3e" of t%e CIS4 c4 Re*&'ar o)erat!3e" of t%e ao'!"%e NAPOLCOM In")ect!on, In3e"t!*at!on an Inte''!*ence ranc% ma( a'"o e a"ore ( t%e PNP4 In a!t!on, t%e PNP "%a'' a"or t%e O;ce of t%e Nat!ona' Act!on Comm!ttee on Ant!-H!9ac6!n* #NACAH$ of t%e DND, a'' t%e f&nct!on" of t%e P%!'!))!ne A!r Force Sec&r!t( Comman #PAFSECOM$, a" we'' a" t%e )o'!ce f&nct!on" of t%e Coa"t G&ar4
