Universitatea Liberă Interna țională din Moldova
Essay on topic:
“Laws have not changed since primeval times”
Author: Mihaela Martin Professor: Sărăcuța Svetlana
Chi Chișinău nău 2!"
#ules and la$s % and the conventions or custo&s fro& $hich they are descended % have been a part of hu&an life ever since our ancestors first be'an to live in lar'e and settled 'roups( )ut our *no$led'e is va'ue of la$s that $ere in effect before the invention of $ritin' in about +, )(C( -he earliest *no$n le'al te.t $as $ritten by Ur/0a&&u1a *in' of the Mesopota&ian city of Ur1 in about 2! )(C( It dealt lar'ely $ith co&pensation for bodily inuries1 and $ith the penalties for $itchcraft and runa$ay slaves( 3ne of the &ost detailed ancient le'al codes $as dra$n up in about !4,5 )(C( by 6a&&urabi1 a *in' of )abylonia( -he entire code1 consistin' of 252 para'raphs1$as carved into a 'reat stone pillar1 $hich $as set up in a te&ple to the )abylonian 'od Mardu* so that it could be read by every citi7en( Al&ost everythin' $e do is 'overned by so&e set of rules( -here are rules for 'a&es1 for social clubs1 for sports and for adults in the $or*place( -here are also rules i&posed by &orality and custo& that play an i&portant role in tellin' us $hat $e should and should not do( 6o$ever1 so&e rules/ those &ade by the state or the courts/ are called 8la$s8( La$a are disi'ned to control or alter our behavior( )ut unli*e rules of &orality1 la$s are enforced by the courts9 if you brea* a la$/ $hether you li*e that la$ or not / you &ay be forced to pay a fine1 pay da&a'es1 or 'o to prison( Since the pri&eval ti&es the purpose of la$ is to &aintain the order of the country despite chan'es in leadership( It helps to re&ind all those $ho &ay have assu&ed ne$ po$er that $hat is and isnt la$ful re&ains the sa&e despite their advent into the head of the rulin' party( #e'ulation of po$er is also $hat la$ ta*es into account as no one1 not even the president1 possesses full rei'n over the country due to the e.istence and practice of la$( -he purpose of la$ is to &aintain individual freedo&s1 $hile still *eepin' in &ind $hat is &oral and ri'ht( In ter&s of the udicial syste&1 the purpose of la$ is attached to the $ay in $hich ud'es &ay rule over cases brou'ht for$ard for their specific attention( ;ithout the presence of la$1 there could never be ud'&ent over $hat is or is not la$ful( -herefore1 ud'es $ould be left to decide based on frivolous beliefs that &ay have no basis $hatsoever( La$ is in e.istence to further the pro'ress of societies as absence of it $ould only have $hole nations revert bac*( La$ functions to ensure that its citi7ens have the opportunity to e.ercise the ri'hts provided to the&( It see&in'ly re'ulates a lot of $hat $e thin* and do1 thou'h so&e &ay not be as obvious as others( It is assu&ed that1 each act $e parta*e in is acco&panied by the e.press consideration of a la$ or societal rule1 and as so1 $e proceed accordin'ly(
-he history of the la$ has developed in tande& $ith the peculiarly un$ritten constitution1 $hich sets out the broad principles on $hich the co&&on la$ is based( 3ne of the funda&ental doctrines that is prevalent throu'h the history of la$ is the supre&acy of Parlia&ent( -hese la$s
