LABORATORIUM LABORATORIUM KOROSI SEMESTER GANJIL TAHUN AJARAN 2015/2016
MODUL
: PROTEKSI KATODIK 1
PEMBIMBING
: Ir. Nurcah!" MT
Praktikum
: 0 S$'-$&*$r 2015
Penyerahan La'!ra3
: 0 O(-!*$r 2015
O#$h : %$#!&'!(
: I)
Na&a
: 1. Na*+#a )+,+a- )+,+a- N.
112015
2. Na,h+ra R+ar3+
112016
. R+-a I3aah
112025
%$#a4
: A T%PB
PROGRAM STUDI DIPLOMA IV TEKNIK KIMIA PRODUKSI BERSIH
JURUSAN TE%NI% %IMIA POLITE%NI% NEGERI BANDUNG 2015
PROTEKSI KATODIK 1 I
PENDAHULUAN Tu!uan
II
•
Da'aDa'a- &$37$&$37$-ahu ahu++ ,a3 &$&aha& &$&aha&++ 'r+34+ 'r+34+' ' 'r!-$( 'r!-$(4+ 4+ (a-!,+ (a-!,+( ( ,$37a3 ,$37a3 4+4-$& 4+4-$&
•
a3!,a (!r*a3 &au'u3 +&'r$44$, curr$3Da'a- &$3,$-$(4+ 4+4-$& '$r'+'aa3 ,a#a& -a3ah a37 -$#ah -$r(!r!4+
LANDASAN TEORI Prin"i# Pr$tek"i Kat$%ik
Pr!-$(4+ Pr!-$(4+ %a-!,+( %a-!,+( Cathodic Protection Protection a,a#ah a,a#ah -$(3+( -$(3+( a37 a37 ,+7u3a ,+7u3a(a3 (a3 u3-u( u3-u( &$37$3 &$37$3,a# ,a#+(a +(a3 3 (!r!4+ 'a,a '$r&u(aa3 '$r&u(aa3 #!7a& #!7a& ,$37a3 &$38a,+(a3 '$r&u(aa3 #!7a #!7a& & -$r4 -$r4$* $*uu- 4$*a 4$*a7a 7a++ (a-!,$ (a-!,$ ,a ,ar+ 4$# $#$( $#$(-r! -r!(+& (+&+a +a.. Pr!-$ Pr!-$(4+ (4+ (a-!,+ (a-!,+( ( +3+ &$ru'a(a3 &$-!,$ a37 u&u& ,+7u3a(a3 u3-u( &$#+3,u37+ 4-ru(-ur #!7a& ,ar+ (!r!4+. (!r!4+. S+4-$& 'r!-$(4+ 'r!-$(4+ (a-!,+( (a-!,+( +3+ *+a4a3a *+a4a3a ,+7u3a(a3 u3-u( &$#+3,u37+ &$#+3,u37+ *a8a *a8a"" 8a#ur '+'a" -a37(+" -+a37 'a3ca37" (a'a# (a'a#"" a3 a38u3 8u37a3 7a3 #$' #$'a4 a4 'a3 'a3-a+ -a+ ,a3 ca4+37 ca4+37 4$#u*u37 4u&ur &+3a( ,+ ,ara- 9+(+'$,+a"2012. S$,a37(a3 &$3uru- $#$(-r! *#!7 2010 Pr!-$(4+ (a-!,+( a,a#ah 4ua-u cara '$r#+3,u37a3 (!r!4+ 4$cara $#$(-r!(+&+a ,+ &a3a r$a(4+ !(4+,a4+ 'a,a 4$# 7a#a3+( ,+(!34$3-ra ,+(!34$3-ra4+(a3 4+(a3 'a,a a3!,a ,a3 &$37h+#a37( &$37h+#a37(a3 a3 (!r!4+ (!r!4+ 'a,a (a-!,a. S-ru(-ur S-ru(-ur a37 a(a3 ,+#+3,u37+ ,+#+3,u37+ 4$cara #+4-r+( ,+*ua- 3$7a-+ 4$h+377a *$r-+3,a( 4$*a7a+ (a-!,a. E#$(-r!,a a37 #a+3 4$cara #+4-r+( ,+*ua- '!4+-+ ,a3 *$r-+3,a( 4$*a7a+ a3!, a3!,aa h+37 h+377a 7a -$rc+ -$rc+''-aa 4ua4ua-u u 4+4-$ 4+4-$& & ra37 ra37(a+ (a+a3 a3 aru4 aru4 #+4-r #+4-r+( +( 4$arah 4$arah -$r-u -$r-u-u -u' ' 4$*a7a+&a3a ha3#3a *+#a 4$'!-!37 #!7a& -$r(!r!4+. S+4-$& +3+ &$&*u-uh(a3 a3!,a" (a-!,a" a#+ra3 #+4-r+( ,+ a3-ara ($,ua3a ,a3 a,a3a $#$(-r!#+-. D$37a3 (a-a #a+3" '$3$ra'a33a ha3a &u37(+3 *+#a 4-ru(-ur a37 ,+'r!-$(4+ ,a3 a3!,a *$ra,a 'a,a hu*u37a3 4$cara #a374u37 *a+( 4$cara $#$(-r!3+( &au'u3 &au'u3 $#$(-r!#+Pa,a 'r!-$(4+ (a-!,+( +3+" (a-!,a3a *$*a4 ,ar+ (!r!4+ ,a3 'r!4$4 (!r!4+ a(a3 -$r8a, -$r8a,++ ,+ a3!, a3!,a. a. Pa,a Pa,a u&u& u&u&3 3aa #!7a #!7a& & a,a# a,a#ah ah a3!, a3!,aa 3a&u 3a&u3 3 'a,a 'a,a 4+4-$ 4+4-$& & '$r#+3,u37a3 (a-!,+( #!7a& *$ru374+ 4$*a7a+ (a-!,a 4$h+377a a(a3 -$r#+3,u37 ,ar+ (!r!4+. Ha# +3+ -$r8a,+ ,$37a3 cara &$37a#+r(a3 $#$(-r!3 a37 &$&+#+(+ aru4 #+4-r+( #+4-r+( #$*+h #$*+h -+377+ -+377+ ,ar+'a ,ar+'a,a ,a a37 a37 ,+ha4+# ,+ha4+#(a3 (a3 !#$h !#$h r$a(4+ r$a(4+ (!r!4+ (!r!4+ 'a,a 'a,a a3!,a a3!,a
4$h+377a '!-$34+a# #!7a& -$rha,a' #+37(u37a3 &$3uru3 4a&'a+ '!-$34+a# 'r!-$(4+" ,+ &a3a #!7a& 4$cara -$(3+4 ,+a377a' -+,a( -$r(!r!4+ #a7+. P$r#+3,u37a3 (a-!,+( &$&*u-uh(a3 4u&*$r aru4 #+4-r+( u3-u( &$3c$7ah 4$ra37a3 (!r!4+ 'a,a #!7a&. D+-+38au ,ar+ 4u&*$r aru4 #+4-r+(3a" &$-!,$ 'r!-$(4+ (a-!,+( ,+*a7+ &$38a,+ ,ua"a+-u &$-!,$ impressed current ,a3 &$-!,$ sacrificial anode.
1
Im#re""e% &urrent
P$37(!r!4+a3 -$r8a,+ (ar$3a a,a3a '$r'+3,aha3 $#$(-r!3 -$r8a,+ ,ar+ a3!,a *$4+ ($ (a-!,a. Ma(a 'a,a a'#+(a4+ +3+ *$4+ ,+'a(4a &$38a,+ (a-!,a ,$37a3 &$&*a#+((a3 aru4 $#$(-r!3 4$h+377a *$r7$ra( ,ar+ a3!,a a37 +3$r- a-au -+,a( &u,ah *$r$a(4+ &$3u8u *$4+. Metode impressed current +3+ *+a4a3a ,+7u3a(a3 'a,a
#+37(u37a3
a37
&$&+#+(+
r$4+4-++-a4
a37
-+377+.
%$u3-u37a3
,+7u3a(a33a &$-!,$ +3+ a,a#ah : •
L$$# ,ar+ 'r!-$(4+ ,a'a- ,+a-ur
•
Aru4 a37 ,+7u3a(a3 -+377+
•
Ar$a 'r!-$(4+ a37 #ua4
•
Da'a- &$&'r!-$(4+ 4-ru(-ur a37 -+,a( ,+ c!a-+37 ,$37a3 *a+(. B$*$ra'a ($ru7+a3 a'a*+#a &$377u3a(a3 &$-!,$ +3+ :
•
%$&u37(+3a3 -$r8a,+3a +3-$r$r$34+ 4a37a- *$4ar
•
P$r#u '$ra9a-a3 a37 *a+(
•
%$&u37(+3a3 -$r8a,+3a !$r'r!-$c-+!3 4a37a- *$4ar
•
A,a3a *+aa u3-u( &$38a#a3(a3 $3$r7+ $(4-$r3a#
•
D+*u-uh(a33a $3$r7+ #+4-r+( D; a37 cu(u' *$4ar.
'
Met$%e an$%a k$r(an ) "a*ri+i*ia, an$%e M$-!,$ ,$37a3 &$37hu*u37(a3 *$3,a ($r8a ,$37a3 #!7a& #a+3 a37
&$&+#+(+ '!-$34+a# r$,u(4+ a37 #$*+h ($c+# a3!,a. Ha# +3+ a(a3 &$3$*a*(a3 -$r8a,+3a 4ua-u 4$# 7a#a3+( ,a3 &$38a,+(a3 *$3,a ($r8a 4$*a7a+ 4ua-u (a-!,a.
Aru4 #+4-r+( ,+4u'#a+ ,ar+ 'r!4$4 (!r!4+ a37 -$r8a,+ 'a,a 4u&*$r aru4 #+4-r+( a37 -$r*ua- ,ar+ #!7a& a(-+ 4$'$r-+ <+3c ,a3 a#u&+3+u& a37 &$&+#+(+ aru4 '!4+-+ a37 #$*+h *$4ar ,ar+'a,a #!7a&. P$r*$,aa3 '!-$34+a# $#$(-r!3 +3+ &$3$*a*(a3 a,a3a ,aa -ar+( $#$(-r!3 *$*a4 3$7a-+ a37 #$*+h *$4ar ,ar+'a,a ,aa -ar+( +!3 +!3 'a,a #!7a&. Ha# +3+ &$37a(+*a-(a3 4u&*$r aru4 #+4-r+( -$r4$*u- a(a3 -$r.4$ra37 (!r!4+ ,a3 4$*a#+(3a #!7a& a(a3 -$r#+3,u37+ (!r!4+. %$u3-u37a3($u3-u37a3 ,+#a(u(a33a a3!,a (!r*a3 +3+ a,a#ah: =
-+,a( ,+'$r#u(a3 a,a3a 4u&*$r $3$r7+
=
&u,ah u3-u( ,+#a(u(a3 !37(!4 '$&a4a37a3 &urah
=
($&u37(+3a3 -$r8a,+3a +3-$r$r$34+ (a-!,+( 'a,a 4-ru(-ur #a+3 ($c+#
=
4$#r$7u#a-+37
=
($&u37(+3a3 -$r8a,+3a !$r'r!-$c-+37 ($c+#
=
,+4-r+*u4+ '!-$34+a# &$ra-a.
T$-a'+ cara +3+ 8u7a &$&+#+(+ ($-$r*a-a4a3" a+-u: =
aru4 -$r*a-a4
=
a3!,a a37 ha*+4 haru4 ,+7a3-+
=
a3!,a a(a3 &$3a&*ah *$ra- ,ar+ 4-ru(-ur
.eni" #r$tek"i kat$%ik
Pr!-$(4+ (a-!,+( &$ru'a(a3 4a#ah 4a-u cara u3-u( &$3c$7ah -$r8a,+3a (!r!4+ 'a,a #!7a&.
Pr+34+'
($r8a3a
a,a#ah
,$37a3
&$37u*ah
*$3,a
($r8a
&$38a,+
(a-!,a.%a-!,+( 'r!-$(4+ ,+#a(u(a3 ,$37a3 &$37a#+r(a3 $#$(-r!3 -a&*aha3 ($ ,a#a& &a-$r+a#. T$r,a'a- ,ua 8$3+4 'r!-$(4+ (a-!,+(" a+-u &$-!,$ impressed current ,a3 galvanic couple.
Galvanic couple
M$-!,$ 7a#a3+c c!u'#$ a,a#ah &$-!,$ ,$37a3 &$37hu*u37(a3 *$3,a ($r8a ,$37a3 #!7a& #a+3 a37 &$&+#+(+ '!-$34+a# r$,u(4+ a37 #$*+h ($c+#. Ha# +3+ a(a3 &$3$*a*(a3 -$r8a,+3a 4ua-u 4$# 7a#a3+( ,a3 &$38a,+(a3 *$3,a ($r8a 4$*a7a+ 4ua-u (a-!,a.
Ga&*ar 2.1 galvanic couple 999.$#$(-r!*#!7"2010
%$u3-u37a3($u-u37a3 ,+#a(u(a33a 7a#a&+c c!u'#$ +3+ a,a#ah:
Da'a- ,+7u3a(a3 9a#au'u3 -+,a( a,a 4u&*$r #+4-r+( ,ar+ #uar.
T+,a( &$37$#uar(a3 -a&*aha3 *+aa u3-u( '$&a(a+a3 a#a-a#a- #+4-r+(.
Sa37a- &u,ah '$37a9a4a33a 4$h+377a -+,a( ,+*u-uh(a3 !ra37 a37 *$3ar*$3arah#+.
Aru4
-+,a(
&u37(+3
&$37a#+r
'a,a
arah
*$3ar*$3ar -$r8a,+
P$&a4a37a3 a3!,a (!r*a3 4$,$rha3a.
D+4-r+*u4+ '!-$34+a# &$ra-a T$-a'+ cara +3+ 8u7a &$&+#+(+ ($-$r*a-a4a3" a+-u :
Aru4 -$r*a-a4
A3!,a a37 ha*+4 haru4 ,+7a3-+
A3!,a a(a3 &$3a&*ah *$ra- ,ar+ 4-ru(-ur
a37
4a#ah
4$h+377a
'r!-$(4+
Aru4
a37
-$r4$,+a
*$r7a3-u37
'a,a
#ua4a3
a3!,a"
-$3-u3a
*$r4+a-
#$*+h
(!34u&-+ *+#a 4-ru(-ur a37 ,+'r!-$(4+ 4a37a- *$4ar.
Impressed Current
J$3+4 a37 ($,ua a,a#ah ,$37a3 &$-!,$ +&'r$44$, curr$3-. M$-!,$ +3+ &$377u3a(a3 &a4u(a3 aru4 #+4-r+( ,a3 a3!,a +3$r- a37 -+,a( a(a3 ha*+4 4$h+377a 4+4-$& +3+ ,a'a,+7u3a(a3 'a,a 9a(-u a37 #a&a.M$-!,$ +&'r$44$, curr$3- +3+ *+a4a3a ,+7u3a(a3 'a,a #+37(u37a3 a37 &$&+#+(+ r$4+4-++-a4 a37 -+377+. %$u3-u37a3 #a+3 a'a*+#a ,+7u3a(a3 &$-!,a +3+ a,a#ah :
J+(a -$r4$,+a cu(u' -$7a37a3 #+4-r+( &a(a aru4 'r!-$(4+ ,a'a- ,+-+37(a-(a3 4$4ua+ a37 ,++37+3(a3" 4$#a&a &a-$r+a# a3!,a -$-a' *$ru374+
T$7a37a3
-+,a(
'$r#u *$4ar 9a#au'u3
a,a
($h+#a37a3 (ar$3a
-aha3a3"(ar$3a
ha# +3+ ,a'a- ,+a-ur ,$37a3 &$3+37(a-(a3 aru4.
Aru4 a37 ,+7u3a(a3 -+377+
Ar$a 'r!-$(4+ a37 #ua4
Da'a- &$&'r!-$(4+ 4-ru(-ur a37 -+,a( ,+Coating ,$37a3 *a+(. S$&$3-ara +-u -$r,a'a- *$*$ra'a ($ru7+a3 a'a*+#a &$377u3a(a3 &$-!,a +3+" a+-u >
($&u37(+3a3 -$r8a,+3a +3-$r$r$34+ 4a37a- *$4ar
'$r#u '$ra9a-a3 a37 *a+(
Haru4 4$#a#u &$&'$rha-+(a3 arah aru4 a37 ,+*$r+(a3 a7ar -+,a( -$r*a#+(
A3!,a3a
haru4
-$r4$(a- ,a3
-aha3
-$r8a,+3a (!r!4+ 'a,a *a7+a3 4$(a-3a.
a+r
8+(a
'$3c$#u'a33a
&$&u37(+3(a3"
Ga&*ar 2.2 Impressed Current har,+a3a3-!.9!r,'r$44.c!&"2010
Pr!-$(4+ (a-!,+( +3+ *a3a( ,+7u3a(a3 'a,a +3,u4-r++3,u4-r+" -$ru-a&a 'a,a '+'a '+'a a37 '$ra3a3a33a 4a37a- '$3-+37 ,a#a& 'r!,u(4+. Na&u3" 'r!-$(4+ (a-!,+( 'a,a '+'a'+'a +3+ a(a3 &u37(+3 ,+7u3a(a3,+#+ha- 4$cara $(!3!&+ a'a*+#a -$r&+3a# '!+3,+'a(a+(a3 4ua-u +4!#a-+37 8!+3- u3-u( &$&+4ah(a3 '+'a a37 ,+'r!-$(4+ ,$37a3 '+'a a37 &$&+#+(+ r$4+4-a34+ a37 r$3,ah. I4!#a-+37 8!+3- +3+ -+,a( c!c!( ,+7u3a(a3 u3-u( +34-a#a4+ a37 *$4ar 4$'$r-+ c!&'r$44!r 4-a-+!3 ,a3 +3,u4-r+a# '#a3-.B+aa a37 ,+'$r#u(a3 4$r-a ($&u37(+3a3 -$r8a,+3a ($7a7a#a3 ,a#a& 'r!-$(4+ (a-!,+( a(+*a- ,ar+ (!&'#$(4+-a4 ,ar+ 4+4-$& ,a3 8u&#ah 8!+3- a37 4a37a- *a3a(.
Ba"i* #r$te*ti$n
Ga&*ar 2. &$3u38u((a3 basic protection 'a,a 4ua-u compressor station.Pa,a basic protection" ar$a 'r!-$(4+3a &$3ca(u' 4$#uruh 4+4-$&.S+4-$& +3+ &$#+'u-+ pipa, concrete" ,a3 4+4-$& c!&'r$44!r.Ja,+" -+,a( ha3a coating defect a37 -$r($3a '$37aruh ,ar+ a3!,a" -$-a'+ 4$#uruh 4+4-$&. Pa,a -a3ah a37 &$&+#+(+ r$4+4-a34+ a37 r$3,ah" a3!,a ,+#$-a((a3 a7a( ,a#a& 4$h+377a ,+'$r!#$h ,+4-r+*u4+ aru4 a37 h!&!7$3
Ga&*ar 2. basic protection 'a,a 4ua-u compressor station.
H$t S#$t
Hot spot a,a#ah *a7+a3 ,ar+ '+'a a37 -+,a( ,+#a'+4 4$h+377a ($&u37(+3a3 -$r8a,+3a (!r!4+ 4a37a- *$4ar. Basic protection -+,a( &$&a,a+ u3-u( ,+7u3a(a3 'a,a (a4u4 +3+ 4$h+377a ,+7u3a(a3 4ua-u &$-!,$ ,+&a3a a3!,a ,+#$-a((a3 'a,a -$&'a- a37 4'$4++( u3-u( &$37$#+&+3a4+ a,a3a 4$# (!r!4+ a37 -$r*$3-u( a(+*a- coatingdefect ,a3 concrete
Ga&*ar 2.5 Hot Spot
&ara men%etek"i a%anya h$t "#$t #a%a "i"tem #er#i#aan
T$r,a'a- *$*$ra'a cara u3-u( &$3,$-$(4+ a,a3a h!- 4'!-:
1. A,a3a ($*!c!ra3 &$3u38u((a3 *ah9a 'a,a ,a$rah -$r4$*u- -$r8a,+ (!r!4+ 2. Sur$'a,a '!-$34+a# '$r&u(aa3 ,a'a- &$3,$-$(4+ a,a3a 4$# (!r!4+. A,a3a aru4 #+4-r+( &$3u38u((a3 -$#ah -$r8a,+ '$r+4-+9a (!r!4+ 'a,a '+'a -$r4$*u-. . Sur$-$rha,a' r$4+4-++-a4 -a3ah ,a'a- &$3u3u8u((a3 (+ra(+ra ,+&a3a ($&u37(+3a3 *$4ar -$r8a,+3a (!r!4+.
Ga&*ar 2.6 cara &$3$3-u(a3 hot spot
Ga&*ar 2.6 &$3u38u((a3 cara u3-u( &$37$-ahu+ a,a3a h!- 4'!- ,$37a3 &$377u3a(a3 '!-$34+a# '$r&u(aa3. T+-+( ,+&a3a aru4 ($#uar ,ar+ '+'a a(a3 *$r-+3,a( 4$*a7a+ a3!,a" ,$37a3 (a-a #a+3 *a7+a3 +3+ a(a3 -$r(!r!4+. Pa,a 7ra+( 8u7a -$r#+ha- *ah9a *a7+a3 -$&'a($#uar3a aru4 a(a3 &$&+#+(+ '!-$34+a# a37 *$4ar. M$-!,$ #a+3 a,a#ah ,$37a3 &$37$-ahu+ r$4+4-++-a4 -a3ah. Ta3ah a37 &$&+#+(+ r$4+4-++-a4 (ura37 ,ar+ 1000 ?.& a(a3 &$&'u3a+ ($c$3,$ru37a3 4$*a7a+ -$&'a-$r8a,+3a (!r!4+.
E+ek Pr$tek"i Kat$%ik Terha%a# Struktur Lain
Pr!-$(4+ (a-!,+( ,a'a- *$r'$37aruh -$rha,a' 4-ru(-ur #a+3 a37 *$ra,a ,+ ,$(a-3a. Aru4 #+4-r+( a37 ($#uar ,ar+ a3!,a ,a'a- 4a8a &$37a#+r ($ 4-ru(-ur #a+3 *u(a3 '+'a a37 ,+'r!-$(4+ 4$h+377a ,a'a- &$3$*a*(a3 (!r!4+ 'a,a 4-ru(-ur -$r4$*u-. Aru4 a37 &$37a#+r ($ -$&'a- #a+3 +3+ ,+4$*u- 4-ra curr$3-. %!r!4+ a(+*a- a,a3a stray current +3+ ,+4$*u- interferensi.
Ga&*ar 2.@ (!r!4+ a(+*a- stay current
U3-u( &$3c$7ah -$r8a,+3a ha# +3+" &a(a ,+7u3a(a3 *$*$ra'a &$-!,$" a+-u:
&$377u3a(a3 catodic shielding
-
&$377u3a(a3 sacrificial anode
Ga&*ar 2. sacrificial anode ,a3 cathodic shield
Pr!-$(4+ (a-!,+( &$ru'a(a3 4ua-u cara '$r#+3,u37a3 (!r!4+ 4$cara $#$(-r!(+&+a ,+&a3a r$a(4+ !(4+,a4+ 'a,a 4$# 7a#a3+c ,+(!34$3-ra4+(a3 'a,a a3!,a ,a3 &$37h+#a37(a3 (!r!4+ 'a,a (a-!,a. S-ru(-ur a37 a(a3 ,+#+3,u37+ 4$car a #+4-r+( ,+*ua3$74-+ 4$h+377a *$r-+3,a( 4$*a7a+ (a-!,a. E#$(-r!,a a37 4$cara #+4-r+( ,+*ua- '!4+-+ ,a3 *$r-+3,a( 4$*a7a+ a3!,a h+377a -$rc+'-a 4ua-u ra37(a+a3 aru4 #+4-r+( 4$arah -$r-u-u' 4$*a7a+&a3a ha#3a 4$'!-!37 #!7a& -$r(!r!4+. S4-$& +3+ &$&*u-uh(a3 a3!,a" (a-!,a" a#+ra3 #+4-r+( ,+a3-ara ($,ua3a ,a3 a,a3a $#$(-r!#+-. Pr!-$(4+ (a-!,+( ,+-$ra'(a3 ,$37a3 ,ua cara" a+-u : 1. ;ara aru4 -a3,+37 Impressed Current! %$u3-u37a3 : •
J+(a -$r4$,+a cu(u' -$7a37a3 #+4-r+( &a(a aru4 'r!-$(4+ ,a'a- ,+-+37(a-(a3 4$4ua+ a37 ,++37+3(a3" 4$#a&a a3!,a -$-a' *$ru374+.
•
T$7a37a3 -+,a( '$r#u *$4ar 9a#au'u3 a,a ($h+#a37a3 (ar$3a -aha3a3" (ar$3a ha# +3+ ,a'a- ,+a-ur ,$37a3 &$3+37(a-(a3 aru4. %$ru7+a3 :
•
M$&*u-uh(a3 '$&*a37(+- aru4 D; a37 -$r4$,+a cu(u' *$4ar ,a3 (!3-+3u.
•
Haru4 4$#a#u &$&'$rha-+(a3 arah aru4 a37 ,+*$r+(a3.
•
M$&*u-uh(a3 '$37a9a4a3 -$3a7a ah#+.
•
A3!,a3a haru4 -$r4$(a- ,a3 -aha3 a+r 8+(a '$3c$#u'a33a &$&u37(+3(a3 -$r8a,+3a (!r!4+ 'a,a *a7+a3 4$(a-3a.
•
S4-$& aru4 -a3,+37 ,$37a3 a3!,a ,ar+ #!7a&#!7a& +3$r- haru4 a,a '$#+3,u37 aru4.
2. ;ara a3!,a (!r*a3 Sacrificial "node! %$u3-u37a3 : •
Da'a- ,+7u3a(a3 9a#au'u3 -+,a( a,a 4u&*$r #+4-r+( ,ar+ #uar.
•
T+,a( &$37$#uar(a3 -a&*aha3 *+aa u3-u( '$&a(a+a3 a#a-a#a- #+4-r+(.
•
Sa37a- &u,ah '$37a9a4a33a 4$h+377a -+,a( ,+*u-uh(a3 !ra37 a37 *$3ar*$3ar ah#+.
•
Aru4 -+,a( &u37(+3 &$37a#+r 'a,a arah a37 4a#ah 4$h+377a 'r!-$(4+ *$3ar*$3ar -$r8a,+.
•
P$&a4a37a3 a3!,a (!r*a3 4$,$rha3a.
%$ru7+a3 : •
Aru4 a37 -$r4$,+a *$r7a3-u37 'a,a #ua4a3 a3!,a" -$3-u3a *$r4+a- #$*+h (!34u&-+ *+#a 4-ru(-ur a37 ,+'r!-$(4+ 4a37a- *$4ar.
•
B+aa !'$ra4+ r$#a-+$ &aha#.
•
P$37hu*u37 a3!,a a37 ,+7u3a(a3 haru4 cu(u' *$4ar" u3-u( &$37ura37+ ($h+#a37a3 $3$r7 a(+*a- -aha3a3.
Pr$tek"i Kat$%ik Den/an &ara An$%a K$r(an
A3!,a (!r*a3 a37 4$r+37 ,+7u3a(a3 a,a#ah #!7a& 'a,ua3 M7" 'a,ua3 A# ,a3 'a,ua3 3. %a,a37(a,a37 ,a'a- &$&a3aa-(a3 a3!,a *$4+ u3-u( &$#+3,u37+ *a8a -aha3 (ara- ,+ ,a#a& a+r #au-" -$-a'+ (ura37 u&u& ,+7u3a(a3. P$&a(a+a3 a3!,a M7 4a37a- 4$4ua+ u3-u( #+37(u37a3 a37 &$&'u3a+ r$4+4-++-a4 -+377+ &+4a#
-a3ah" #u&'ur" 'a4+r. U3-u( #+37(u37a3 +3+ ,+'$r#u(a3 a3!,a a37
&$&'u3a+ 3+#a+ ($#uara3 aru4 '$r 4a-ua3 *$ra- a3!,a -+377+ ,a3 '!-$34+a# $#$(-r!,a3a 4a37a- 3$7a-+$. P$&a(a+a3 a3!,a A# *a3a( ,+7u3a(a3 ,+ #+37(u37a3 a+r #au- ,a3 har7a3a r$#a-+$ &urah ,+*a3,+37(a3 a3!,a a37 #a+3. A3!,a 3 &$ru'a(a3 a3!,a (!r*a3 a37 a#+37 *a3a( ,+ #+37(u37a3 #au- ,a3 &$&'u3a+ $+4+$34+ a37 -+377+. An$%a
Re"i"ti0ita" Lin/kun/an
A#u&+3+u& A# S$37 3 Ma73$4+u& M7
)Ohm*m-
C 150 150500 500
B$*$ra'a (r+-$r+a ,a#a& 'r!-$(4+ (a-!,+( &$377u3a(a3 a3!,a (!r*a3 a,a#ah : •
P!-$34+a# 3$7a-+ (a-!,a 4$(ura37(ura373a 0"00 !#- ,+u(ur a3-ara '$r&u(aa3 4-ru(-ur ,$37a3 $#$(-r!,a A7/A7;# a37 ,+hu*u37(a3 ,+ ,a#a& a+r #au-.
•
M+3+&u& 3$7a-+ '$3+&'a37a3 '!-$34+a# (a-!,a 0" !#- a37 ,+ha4+#(a3 ,ar+ aru4 'r!-$(4+.
•
M+3+&u& 3$7a-+ '$3+&'a37a3 '!-$34+a# (a-!,a 0"1 !#- ,$37a3 a,a3a 7a377ua3 aru4 ,a3 '$37u(ura3 '$ru*aha3 '!-$34+a#.
•
A3!,a haru4 &$3$,+a(a3 aru4 a37 (!34-a3.
•
E+4+$34+ a3!,a haru4 -+377+.
Si+at An$%a
M/
2n
A,
Ma44a 8$3+4 (7/,&
1"@
@"5
2"@
1"05
1"10
0"25
0"25
P!-$34+a# !#-/SHE T$7a37a3 D!r!37 SHE %a'a4+-a4 AH/(7 E+4+$34+
III
ALAT DAN BAHAN A#a- : )!#-&$-$r • Tra34!r&$r • R$c-++$r • E#$(-r!,a ;u/;uSO • Pa#u • S+4-$& '$r'+'aa3 •
Baha3 : • •
IV
Laru-a3 ;uSO A+r
LANGKAH KER.A a. Sacrificial Anode
1 1"@ 0"6 0" 120 0 50
@0 5
@50 0 5
Lepaskan kabel jumper
Ukur potensial anoda dengan menghubungkan terminal merah dengan voltmeter dan voltmeter dengan elektroda CSE tertancap di tanah Ukur potensial pipa dengan menghubungkan terminal hitam dengan voltmeter dan voltmeter dengan elektroda CSE tertancap di tanah
Pasangkan kembali kabel jumpernya
Ukur potensial proteksi
b. Impressed Current
Transformer, rectier dan elektroda disiapkan
Ukur potensial pipa referensi dengan menghubungkan terminal dengan voltmeter dan voltmeter dengan elektroda CSE terpasang di tanah !ubungkan soket listrik dengan transformer dan transformer dengan elektroda dan input impressed current
Ukur potensial proteksi
c. Insulation Joint
Ukur potensial "ange bagian atas pada lingkar luar "ange di bagian yang catnya terkelupas #andingkan hasil pengukuran "ange bagian atas dengan potensial alami besi Ukur potensial "ange bagian ba$ah pada lingkar luar "ange #andingkan hasil pengukuran "ange bagian ba$ah dengan potensial proteksi !ubungkan "ange atas dengan ohmmeter dan ohmmeter dengan "ange ba$ah lalu ukur tahanan
V
DATA PENGAMATAN a Sa*ri+i*ia, An$%e E A3!,a )/;SE
E (a-!,a )/;SE
E '+'a -a3'a -$r'r!-$(4+ )/;SE
E '+'a -$r'r!-$(4+ )/;SE
-$4- *!F 1
%&'(% )
%&**+
0.5
0.@
-$4- *!F 2
0.200
0.52
0.221
0.225
-$4- *!F
0.2@6
0.
0.22
0.221
( Im#re""e% &urrent 3 Im#re""e% &urrent
T$4- *!F 1 T$4- *!F 2
E '+'a -$r'r!-$(4+ )/;SE 0.0@6@ 0.212
* In"u,ati$n .$int I34u#a-+!3
A-a4 )/;SE
Ba9ah )/;SE
%a3a3
0.00
0.1
(+r+
0.0@
0.006
% .em(atan Per#i#aan P$ten"ia, )V&SE-
U!un/ kanan
.em(ata n 0.10
0.065@
U!un/ kiri
0.005
0.0@1
Kur0a Sa*ri+i*ia, An$%e
Pi#a
Grafk Potensial Pada Metode Sacrifcial Anode % .%&'
(
'
-
.%&*
E (mV/CSE)
.%&/ .%&+
Potensial Pipa
.( .(&'
Potensial Terproteksi
Potensial 0noda
.(&* .(&/ .(&+ Lokasi
Im#re""e% &urrent 1
Impressed Current 1 % .%&( .%&' E pipa terproteksi 123CSE4
.%&E (mV/CSE) .%&* .%& .%&/ .%&) .%&+ Lokasi
Im#re""e% &urrent '
Impressed Current % .%&( .%&' E pipa terproteksi 123CSE4
.%&E (mV/CSE) .%&* .%& .%&/ .%&) .%&+ Lokasi
In"u,ati$n .$int
Grafk Potensial !er"adap Insulation #oint %
(
'
-
.%&%, .%&(
#a$ah 0tas
E (mV/CSE) .%&(, .%&' .%&', .%&Lokasi
.em(atan Per#i#aan
Grafk Potensial Pada #em$atan Perpipaan %
Ujung kanan
Ujung kiri
.%&%, .%&( 5embatan E (mV/CSE) .%&(,
Pipa
.%&' .%&', .%&Lokasi
VI
PEMBAHASAN
Pra(-+(u& 'r!-$(4+ (a-!,+( +3+ *$r-u8ua3 a7ar &aha4+49a ,a'a- &$37$-ahu+ ,a3 &$&aha&+ cara &$#a(u(a3 'r!-$(4+ (a-!,+( -$rha,a' 4+4-$& '$r'+'aa3" ,a'a&$#+3,u37+ 4+4-$& '$r'+'aa3 ,+,a#a& -a3ah ,$37a3 cara 'r!-$(4+ (a-!,+(" ,a'a&$37$-ahu+ 8$3+4 8$3+4 a3!,a 4$r-a ,a'a- &$37$-ahu+ '$r*$,aa3 a3-ara 4+4-$& '$r'+'aa3 a37 a#a&+ ,$37a3 4+4-$& '$r'+'aa3 a37 -$r#+3,u37+ 'r!-$(4+ (a-!,+(. Pr!-$(4+ %a-!,+( Cathodic Protection a,a#ah -$(3+( a37 ,+7u3a(a3 u3-u( &$37$3,a#+(a3 korosi 'a,a '$r&u(aa3 logam ,$37a3 &$38a,+(a3 '$r&u(aa3 #!7a& -$r4$*u- 4$*a7a+ katode ,ar+ sel elektrokimia. Pr!-$(4+ (a-!,+( +3+ &$ru'a(a3 &$-!,$ a37 u&u& ,+7u3a(a3 u3-u( &$#+3,u37+ 4-ru(-ur #!7a& ,ar+ (!r!4+.S+4-$& 'r!-$(4+ (a-!,+( +3+ *+a4a3a ,+7u3a(a3 u3-u( &$#+3,u37+ baja" 8a#ur '+'a" -a37(+" -+a37 'a3ca37" kapal" anjungan lepas pantai ,a3 ca4+37 4$#u*u37 4u&ur &+3a( ,+ ,ara-.E$( 4a&'+37 ,ar+ '$377u3aa3 a37 -+,a( -$'aa,a#ah -+&*u#3a &!#$(u# h+,r!7$3 a37 ,a'a- -$r4$ra' ($ ,a#a& #!7a& 4$h+377a &$3$*a*(a3 hydrogen embrittlement ($7$-a4a3 h+,r!7$3.Pr!-$ksi katodik adalah cara yang ef $(-+ ,a#a& &$3c$7ah stress corrosion crac#ing r$-a(
(ar$3a (!r!4+. Pa,a 'ra(-+(u& (a#+ +3+" (a&+ &$#a(u(a3 $&'a- &aca& 'r!-$(4+ (a-!,+(" a+-u Sacr++c+a# A3!,$ a-au *+a4a ,+4$*u- 4$*a7a+ a3!,a (!r*a3" I&'r$44$, ;urr$3-"
I34u#a-+!3 J!+3- ,a3 J$&*a-a3 '$r'+'aa3. A3!,a %!r*a3 Sacrificial "node U3-u( &$&'r!-$(4+ *$4+ ,a#a&-a3ah ,+#a(u(a3 &$-!,a 4acr++c+a# a3!,$ a3!,a (!r*a3. T$r,a'a- *$*$ra'a 8$3+4 a3!,a (!r*a3 *$r,a4ar(a3 -$&'a- '$3+&'a3a3 *$4+" ,+a3-ara3a ,$37a3 &a73$4+u& &ur3+ u3-u( *$4+ a37 ,+4+&'a3 ,+ -a3ah *+a4a" a#u&+3+u& u3-u( *$4+ a37 ,+4+&'a3 ,+ *a9ah #au-" ,a3 4$37 u3-u( *$4+ a37 ,+4+&'a3 ,a#a& -a3ah ,$37a3 r$4+4-++-a4 r$3,ah/'H $(4-r$&. S+4-$& 'r!-$(4+ (a-!,+( a37 4u,ah *$r8a#a3 a,a#ah ($-+(a 3+#a+ '+'a -$r'r!-$(4+ #$*+h ($c+# ,ar+ 3+#a+ '!-$34+a# #!7a& +-u 4$3,+r+. Dar+ ha4+# '$rc!*aa3" '+'aa37 ,+4a&*u37(a3 ,$37a3 M7 ,a3 M7 ,$37a3 $#$(-r!#+- -$#ah -$r'r!-$(4+ 4$&$3-ara 'a,a '+'a a37 ,+4a&*u37(a3 ,$37a3 3 a37 4a#ah '$&a4a37a3" 'r!4$4 'r!-$(4+ -+,a( *$r8a#a3 (ar$3a 3+#a+ '!-$34+a# '+'a -$r'r!-$(4+ #$*+h *$4ar ,ar+ 3+#a+ '!-$34+a# #!7a& +-u 4$3,+r+" ha# +3+ &$37+3,+(a4+(a3 ($4a#aha3 '$&a4a37a3 'a,a 4a&*u37a3 (a*$#. B$r,a4ar(a3 '$rc!*aa3" '!-$34+a# '+'a/*$4+ ,+4$-+a' -$4-*!F ha&'+r &$37a#a&+ ($3a+(a3 4$-$#ah ,+'r!-$(4+ ,$37a3 a3!,a (!r*a3.
Impressed Current
Pr!-$(4+ ,a'a- ,+#a(u(a3 ,$37a3 +&'r$44$, curr$3- aru4 'a(4a" a+-u &$37a#+r+ aru4 &$#a#u+ -a3ah ,$37a3 $#$(-r!,a a+-u *$4+. P$377u3aa3 $#$(-r!,a *$4+ ,+#a(u(a3 (ar$3a -a3ah a37 ,+a#+r+ aru4 a,a#ah -a3ah *+a4a.A'a*+#a -a3ah a37 *$r4+a- (!r!4+ &a(a $#$(-r!,a a37 ,+7u3a(a3 a,a#ah $#$(-r!,a '#a-+3u& P-.'$377u3aa3 &$-!,$ +3+ ,a'a- ,+#a(u(a3 u3-u( &$37a#+r+ aru4 ,$37a3 8ara( a37 8auh 'u#uha3 (+#!&$-$r. J+(a 'a,a 'r!-$(4+ (a-!,+( a3!,a (!r*a3" $#$(-r!3 *$ra4a# ,ar+ 'r!4$4 !(4+,a4+ #!7a& a37 &$38a,+ a3!,a" 'a,a 'r!-$(4+ (a-!,+( +&'r$44$, curr$3-" $#$(-r!3 *$ra4a# ,ar+ aru4 3$7a-+ 4$arah a37 *$ra4a# ,ar+ 4u&*$r #+4-r+(. Su&*$r #+4-r+( a37 &$ru'a(a3 4u&*$r #+4-r+( *!#a(*a#+( A; ,+u*ah !#$h a,a'-$r/r$c-++$r &$38a,+ aru4 4$arah D;" aru4 3$7a-+ 4$arah a(a3 ,+a#+r(a3 'a,a '+'a &$377u3a(a3 (a9a-/(a*$# 4$h+377a $#$(-r!3 a37 ,+ha4+#(a3 a(a3 &$&*a38+r+ '+'a. P+'a a37 -$r*a38+r+ $#$(-r!3 a(a3 &$38a,+ #$*+h (a-!,+( ,a3 $#$(-r!3 $#$(-r!3 -$r4$*u- a(a3 &$3aha3 '+'a u3-u( &$#a(u(a3 r$a(4+ r$,u(4+ 4$h+377a #a8u (!r!4+ ,a'a- ,+'$r#a&*a-.
Insulation $oint Pa,a +34u#a-+37 8!+3" '!-$34+a# 'a,a *a7+a3 *a9ah 4$#a#u #$*+h *$4ar ,ar+'a,a '!-$34+a# 'a,a *a7+a3 a-a4. Ha# +-u (ar$3a aru4 &$37a#+r &$#a#u+ *a9ah.S$,a37(a3 'a,a +34u#a-+37 8!+3 a37 &$377u3a(a3 4$(a- (ar$-" '!-$34+a# *a9ah ,a3 a-a4 -+,a( &$&+#+(+ '$r*$,aa3 a37 4+73++(a3. Ha# +-u -$r8a,+ (ar$3a ha&*a-a33a 'u3 ($c+#. Da3 'a,a 4$(a- a(#+r+(" '!-$34+a# a-a4 #$*+h *$4ar ,ar+ *a9ah (ar$3a a,a3a a(u&u#a4+ -$7a37a3 a(+*a- '$ru*aha3 4$(a-" a+-u ,ar+ (ar$- ($ a(r+#+(. Ha4+# '$rc!*aa3 &$3u38u((a3 (+3$r8a +34u#a-+!3 +3+ *$#u& cu(u' *a+(" 'a,a +34u#a-+!3 '$r-a&a ,a3 ($-+7a" '!-$34+a# -$#ah ,+4+4+h(a3 #u&aa3 *$4ar 4$h+377a '!-$34+a# ,+a-a4 +34u#a-+!3 8!+3- #$*+h ($c+# ,+*a3,+37 ,+*a9ah3a 9a#au'u3 'a,a +34u#a-+!3 '$r-a&a '$r*$,aa33a ha3a 4$,+(+-. Pa,a +34u#a-+!3 ($,ua 4$haru43a *a7+a3 *a9ah +34u#a-+!3 8!+3- &$&+#+(+ 3+#a+ '!-$34+a# a37 #$*+h *$4ar" ,+*a3,+37(a3 *a7+a3 a-a43a (ar$3a *a7+a3 a-a4 +34u#a-+!3 8!+3- 4$haru43a 4u,ah -$r'u-u4 ,$37a3 aru4 ,ar+ 'r!-$(4+ (a-!,+(" ,a3 '+'a (!3-a( #a374u37 ,$37a3 u,ara. T$-a'+ ,ar+ ha4+# 'ra(-+(u& a37 ,+,a'a-(a3 a,a#ah 4$*a#+(3a. Ha# -$r4$*u- ,a'a-$r8a,+ ($&u37(+3a3 (ar$3a '+'a ,+*a7+a3 *a9ah +34u#a-+!3 8!+3- -$#ah &$37a#a&+ 'r!4$4 (!r!4+ 4$h+377a &$3+37(a-(a3 3+#a+ '!-$34+a#3a. •
J$&*a-a3 P+'a
Dar+ ha4+# a37 ,+,a'a-(a3" '$3$&'$#a3 '+'a ,$37a3+*$a&&$3$*a*(a3 '!-$34+a# '+'a &$3+37(a-. M$4(+'u3 'a,a '+'a ,+*a7+a3 (a3a3 &$37a#a&+ '$3uru3a3" 3a&u3 4$*a7+a3 *$4ar 3+#a+ '!-$34+a#3a &$3+37(a-. P$3+37(a-a3 '!-$34+a# +3+ haru4,+9a4'a,a+ (ar$3a a(a3 &$3$*a*(a3 '+'a &u,ah &$37a#a&+ r$a(4+ r$,u(4+ 4$h+377a &$3$*a*(a3 -$r8a,+3a (!r!4+. %$*!c!ra3 aru4/$#$(-r!3 +3+ ,a'a,+-a377u#a37+ ,$37a3 '$3a&*aha3 +4!#a-!r a3-ara '+'a ,$37a3 +*$a&.
VII
KESIMPULAN
Prinsip Proteksi 6atodik 1Cathodic Protection4 teknik yang digunakan untuk mengendalikan korosi pada permukaan logam dengan menjadikan permukaan logam tersebut sebagai katode dari sel elektrokimia& Proteksi katodik ini merupakan metode yang umum digunakan untuk melindungi struktur logam dari korosi& Sistem proteksi katodik ini biasanya digunakan untuk melindungi baja, jalur pipa, tangki, tiang pancang, kapal, anjungan lepas pantai dan casing 1selubung4 sumur minyak di darat& Tabel Pipa yang terproteksi E A3!,a )/;SE
E '+'a (a-!,a )/;SE
E '+'a -$r'r!-$(4+ )/;SE
-$4- *!F 1
1"65
0"55
0"5
-$4- *!F 2
1"5@
0"6
0"
-$4- *!F
0"11
0"56
0"5
%A&!A' PS!AA
Nurcah!" M!,u# Pra(-+(u& Sacr++c$, A3!,$" I&'r$44$, ;urr$3-" I34u#a-+!3 J!+3-" ,a3 J$&*a-a3 P$r'+'aa3. D$'ar-$&$3 T$(3+( %+&+a.P!#+-$(3+( N$7$r+ Ba3,u37.
LAMPIRAN
A#a+3+ ,+7u3a(a3 u3-u( &$37u*ah a#+ra3 #+4-r+( a37 -a,+3a &$&+#+(+ a#+ra3 aru4 #+4-r+( *!#a( *a#+( &$38a,+ a#+ra3 #+4-r+( 1 arah
A#a+3+ ,+4$*u!#-&$-$r. D+7u3a(a3 u3-u( &$#+ha-$7a37a3 #+4-r+( a37 ,+7u3a(a3. Pa,a 'ra(-+(u& (a#+ +3+" -$7a37a3 a37 ,+7u3a(a3 a+-u 4$*$4ar 20 !#-.
T!!#*!F ,+7u3a(a3 u3-u( &$3+&'a3 a#aa#aa37 ,+7u3a(a3 'a,a 4aa- 'ra(-+(u&.
5$&*a-a3 a37 ,+7u3a(a3 u3-u( 'ra(-+(u&" 8$&*a-a3 -$r4$*u4$*$#u&3a ,+a&'$#a4 'a,a -+-+( -+-+( -$r-$3-u ($&u,+a3 ,+u(ur -$7a37a33a.
Pipa ini digunakan untuk mengukur tegangan yang terdapat didalam nya ada anodik katodik dan pelindung kemudian pasang elektroda simpan ditanah yang sudah dibasahi ukur pakai voltmeter
Pipa yang digunakan pada praktikum ini, pipa saluran ini kemudian diukur tegangan nya menggunakan voltmeter Pada pipa ini terdapat pipa luaran yang dilas, pipa yang sudah di las ini kemudian di ampelas kemudian diukur tegangan nya&
