Labour Law

Dr.RAM MANOHAR LOHIYA NATIONAL LAW UNIVERSITY, LUCKNOW

SUBJECT: LABOUR LAW

TOPIC-WOMEN IN UNORGANISED SECTOR 

SUBMITTED TO:-

SUBMITTED BY:-

Mr. Prase!ee" K#$# Prof. Of Law RMLNLU

A%&'s&" He(a Semester IXth Roll no.- 07

‘You can tell the condition of a nation by looking at the status of its women.’  - Jawaharlal Nehru

'Give me good mothers and  will give you a good nation'  - Na!oleon "ona!arte

TABLE TABLE O) CONTENTS 

INTRODUCTION



TH UNOR!"NISD SCTOR-#OMN #OR$RS



PRO%LMS &"CD %' #OMN #OR$RS IN UNOR!"NISD SCTOR.



L"#S RL"TIN! TO #OMN IN UNOR!"NISD SCTOR(o o o o

o o o o o o

TH SCOND N"TION"L COMMISSION RPORT. UNOR!"NISD SCTOR L"%OUR "ND "!RICULTUR"L #OR$RS %ILL )00*. %ILL ON SOCI"L SCURIT' &OR UNOR!"NISD SCTOR  TH %DI "ND CI!"R #OR$RS "CT +,** TH %UILDIN! "ND CONSTRUCTION CONSTRUCTION #OR$RS "CT +,**



!IRLS IN UNOR!"NISD SCTOR 



"!RICULTUR"L "ND CULTI"TION



"CTIONS "ND RMDI"L STR"T!IS TO PROTCT #OMN.



CONCLUSION



%I%LIO!R"PH'.

INTRODUCTION Seen /erent of In12a3s la4o5r fore 2s em/lo6e1 2n the oran2se1 setor8 wh2h 2nl51es all  /54l2 setor esta4l2shments an1 all non-ar25lt5ral esta4l2shments esta4l2shments 2n /r2ate setor w2th +0 or more wor9ers. #h2le ,:; 2s em/lo6e1 e m/lo6e1 2n the 5noran2
em/lo6ment ons2sts of a5sal an1 ontr245t2n fam2l6 wor9ers> self em/lo6e1 /ersons 2n 5noran2 an1 other em/lo6e1 2n oran2 women hae 4een 12sr2m2nate1 aa2nst an1 eA/lo2te1 for ent5r2es. "ltho5h eora/h2all6 men an1 women wo men share the same s/ae8 the6 l2e 2n 12fferent worl1s. The mere fat that B#omen #omen hold u! u ! half the sky- 1oes not a//ear to 2e them a /os2t2on of 12n2t6 an1 e5al2t6. "or12n to a re/ort of the Un2te1 Nat2ons /54l2she1 2n +,?0EB#omen +,?0EB#omen onst2t5te half of the worl1 /o/5lat2on8 /erform nearl6 two-th2r1s of wor9 ho5rs8 ree2e one tenth of the worl1 2nome an1 own less than two /erent of worl13s /ro/ert6. Stat2st2all6 s/ea92n8 70; of the +.) 42ll2on /eo/le l22n 2n /oert6 are female +. #omen 1o more than *7; of the ho5rs ho 5rs of wor9 1one 2n the worl1) 6et earn onl6 +0; of the worl13s 2nome:> an1 own onl6 +; of the worl13s /ro/ert6@. #omen #omen are /a21 :0-@0; less than men for

1 Source: http://www.comminit.com/BaseLineArchives/sld-36.html. 2 Source: U statistics. 3 Source: !he "uman #evelopment $eport% 1&&'.

om/ara4le wor9 on an aeraeF an1 hol1 4etween +0-)0; manaer2al an1 a1m2n2strat2e Go4s*. "//roA2matel6 *7; of the worl13s ?7F m2ll2on 2ll2terate a15lts are women7 "ltho5h efforts hae 4een ta9en to 2m/roe the stat5s of women8 the onst2t5t2onal 1ream of en1er e5al2t6 2s m2les awa6 from 4eom2n a real2t6. en to1a68 the ma2nstream rema2ns er6 m5h a male stream3. The 1om2nant ten1en6 has alwa6s 4een to onf2ne women an1 women3s 2ss5es 2ss5es 2n the /r2ate 1oma2n. The tra12t2onal s6stems of ontrol w2th 2ts not2on of what 2s r2ht an1 /ro/er for women3 st2ll re2ns s5/reme an1 re2nfores the 5se of 2olene as a means to /5n2sh 2ts 1ef2ant female offen1ers3 an1 the2r s5//orters. Hene 2t 2s of no s5r/r2se when the  Nat2onal Cr2me Reor1s %5rea5 NCR%J /re12te1 that the rowth rate of r2mes r2mes aa2nst women wo5l1 4e h2her than the /o/5lat2on rowth rate 46 )0+0. "or12n to NCR% Cr2me 2n In12a8 )00)3 the follow2n r2mes were omm2tte1 aa2nst women 2n In12a. •

Ra/eE+*8:7: women were ra/e1 15r2n the 6ear> @F women were ra/e1 eer6 1a6> + woman was ra/e1 eer6 :) m2n5tes. "n 2nrease of *.7; 2n the 2n21ents of ra/e ra/e was seen 4etween +,,7-)00)

•

InestE ).)F; of the total ra/e ases8 were ases of 2nest.

•

SeA5al HarassmentE @@80,? 2n21ents of seA5al harassment were re/orte1> +)+ women were seA5all6 harasse1 eer6 1a6> + woman was seA5all6 harasse1 eer6 +) m2n5tes. "n "n 2nrease of )0.*; was seen 2n 2n21ents of seA5al harassment 4etween +,,7-)00)

• 

Im/ortat2on of 2rls=Traff292nE 2rls=Traff292nE ++8::) women an1 2rls were traff29e1> :+ women an1 2rls were traff29e1 eer6 1a6> + woman or 2rl was traff29e1 eer6 @* m2n5tes

 Nearly one-third said the the !er!etrator had been a father$ grandfather or male friend of the family. family. ( Source: http://www.comminit.com/BaseLineArchives/sld-36.html. ' Source: http://www.comminit.com/BaseLineArchives/sld-)1).html 6 Source: U statistics. * Source: http://www.undp.or+.in/we,,oo/nlr+-spc-wmn-india.htm.

Th5s8 2t 2s nee1less to sa6 that een w2th the mo1ern2
T&e U*r+a'se$ se"*r: W*e W*rers In the 5noran2se1 setor8 we hae to 1eal w2th wor9ers who are enae1 2n a ar2et6 of  o5/at2ons or em/lo6ments8 ran2n from those l29e forest wor9ers8 tr24al3s tr62n to follow tra12t2onal oat2ons w2th2n the2r tra12t2onal ha42tats8 an1 f2shermen who ent5re o5t to sea 2n 5lnera4le anoes8 to those who are wor92n 2n the2r homes w2th software8 or assem4l2n /arts for a h2hl6 so/h2st2ate1 /ro15t. Man6 of them are 2t2ms of 2n2s242l2t6. The laws or welfare s6stems that we /ro/ose for them annot 4e effet2e 5nless the6 themseles are ons2o5s of the laws8 an1 a52re the strenth to ens5re that laws are 4ro5ht 2nto fore> 5nless there are effet2e means to 2m/lement8 mon2tor an1 /ro21e 529 re1ress> 5nless 4reahes of the law are  /5n2she1 w2th 1eterrent /enalt2es8 an1 5nless the orans of /54l2 o/2n2on an1 moements an1 oran2sat2ons mo5nt 22l8 an1 2ntere1e to ens5re that the s6stems are ate1 5/on.

The f2rst f2rst Nat2onal Nat2onal Comm2ss2on Comm2ss2on on La4o5r8 La4o5r8 5n1er the Cha2rmansh Cha2rmansh2/ 2/ of K5st2e K5st2e !aGen1raa19a !aGen1raa19ar8 r8 1ef2ne1 the 5noran2se1 setor as that /art of the wor9fore 3who hae not 4een a4le to oran2se 2n /5rs52t of a aJas5al nat5re of em/lo6ment84J 2norane an1 2ll2tera68 J small s2 22J as5al la4o5r> 222J la4o5r em/lo6e1 2n small sale 2n15str6> 2J han1loom= /ower-loom wor9ers> J 4ee12 an1 2ar wor9ers 2J em/lo6ees 2n sho/s an1 ommer2al esta4l2shments> 22J swee/ers an1 saeners> 222J wor9ers 2n tanner2es> 2AJ tr24al la4o5r> an1 AJ other 5n/rotete1 la4o5r3 .

The Nat2onal Comm2ss2on on Self-m/lo6e1 #omen8 set 5/ 2n +,?7 5n1er the Cha2r/ersonsh2/ of Smt. la R. %hatt8 2nl51e1 2n the2r terms of referene8 the women wor9ers 2n the 5noran2se1 setor.

In formal2
#omen 2n the 5noran2
It 6et nee1s to 4e 5n1erl2ne1 that the r2t2al 2ss5es of women3s 1e/r2at2on reole aro5n1 5est2ons 5est2ons s5h as 5ne5al waes8 la9 of matern2t6 matern2t6 4enef2t 8 12sr2m2nat2 12sr2m2nat2on on 2n the wor9/lae wor9/lae 8la9 of h2l1 are fa2l2t2es. fa2l2t2es. wh2le there are ILO 521el2nes an1 ar2o5s Nat2onal le2slat2ons on e5al /a6 for e5al wor9 8these rema2n 5n2m/lemente1 . &5rthermore the tra1e 5n2ons hae 4een 5na4le 5na4le or hae 1el2ne 1el2ne1 1 to a11ress a11ress these these 2ss5e 2ss5ess an1 to /romot /romotee female femaless as lea1er lea1erss 2n the2r  the2r  oran2
PRO%LMS &"CD &"CD %' L"%OURS L"%OURS IN UNOR!"NID SCTOR  SCTOR :

&2rstl68 that the 5noran2se1 setor 2s row2n at an alarm2n rate8 where maGor2t6 of the wor9ers are left w2th no so2al se5r2t6 to fall 4a9 5/on 15r2n ont2nen2es an1 ol1 ae. Seon1l68 that the eA2st2 eA2st2n n leal leal an1 /rotet /rotet2e 2e frames frames hae 4eome 4eome 2na1e5 2na1e5ate ate to a11ress a11ress the 2ss5es 2ss5es of  5nora 5no ran2s n2se1 e1 setor setor wor9er wor9ers. s. Th2r1l6 Th2r1l688 2n 2ew of the row2n row2n  f2sal f2sal 1ef22 1ef22tt senar senar2o8 2o8 the oernments 4oth at the entre an1 2n the statesJ also f2n1 2t eAtremel6 12ff25lt to s5sta2n een the eA2st2n so2al se5r2t6 meas5res8 wh2h are 5rrentl6 4e2n /ro21e1 to onl6 a4o5t 7 /er ent of the wor9fore 2n oran2se1 o5/at2ons . &o5rthl &o5rthl6 6 the

lower lower real real waes waes an1 /oor wor92n wor92n=l =l22 22n n on12t2 on12t2ons ons.. &5rther &5rther88 the eAess2e eAess2e

season seasonal2 al2t6 t6 of em/lo6 em/lo6ment ment es/e2 es/e2all6 all6 2n the farm farm setor setorJ8 J8 /re/on /re/on1er 1erane ane of as5al as5al an1 ontrat5al em/lo6ment8 at6/2al /ro15t2on oran2sat2ons an1 wor9 relat2ons8 a4sene of so2al se5r2t6 meas5res an1 welfare le2slat2ons8 neat2on of so2al stan1ar1s an1 wor9er r2hts8 1en2al of m2n2m5m waes an1 so on. Poor h5man a/2tal 4ase 2n terms of e15at2on8 s92ll an1 tra2n2nJ as well as lower mo42l2sat2on stat5s of the wor9fore f5rther a11 to the 5lnera42l2t6 an1 wea9en the 4ara2n2n strenth of wor9ers 2n the 5noran2se1 setor. Th5s8 the 5noran2se1 setor has  4eome a om/et2t2e an1 low ost 1e2e to a4sor4 la4o5r8 wh2h annot 4e a4sor4e1 elsewhere8 whereas an6 attem/t to re5late an1 4r2n 2t 2nto more effet2e leal an1 2nst2t5t2onal framewor9 2s /ere2e1 to 4e 2m/a2r2n the la4o5r a4sor42n a/a2t6 of the 5noran2se1 setor.

"DDITION"L PRO%LMS &"CD &"CD %' #OMN IN UNOR!"NID UNOR!"NID SCTOR :

In a112t2on to all the /ro4lems enl2ste1 a4oe wh2h these a112t2onal /ro4lems fae1 46 women 2n 5noran2se1 setor onl6 worsens the on12t2on wh2h 2s alrea16 4a1. #omen are eA/lo2te1 2n oran2 oran2
La/s Re(a"'+ "* U*r+a'se$ Se"*r

Le2slat2ons l29e the #or9men3s #or9men3s Com/ensat2on Com/ensat2on "t8 +,):> the M2n2m5m #aes #aes "t8 +,@?> an1 the Matern2t6 %enef2t "t8 +,*+> the Contrat La4o5r "4ol2t2on an1 Proh242t2onJ "t8 +,70 the %52l %52l12 12n n an1O an1Oth ther er Cons Constr tr5 5t2 t2on on #or9er r9erss RC RCSJ SJ "t8 t8 +,,* +,,*>> the %52l %52l12 12n n an1 an1 Other  Other  Constr5t2on #or9ers #elfare Cess "t8 +,,* et. "re 12retl6 or 2n12retl6 a//l2a4le to the wor9ers 2n the 5noran2se1 setor also.

The Seon1 Nat2onal Comm2ss2on re/ort :

The Seon1 Nat2onal Comm2ss2on on La4o5r NCLJ8 onst2t5te1 46 the !oernment 2n +,,, 1ealt w2th the so2al se5r2t6 onerns of 5noran2se1 setor 2n a 1eta2le1 manner. One of the s2A s/e2al st516 ro5/s onst2t5te1 46 the omm2ss2on was on so2al se5r2t6 an1 2n 2ts f2nal re/ort s54m2tte1 s54m2tte1 2n )00)8 the Comm2ss2on Comm2ss2on /ro21e1 1eta2le1 1eta2le1 reommen1at2 reommen1at2ons ons towar1s towar1s strenthen2 strenthen2n n the so2al se5r2t6 s6stem 2n the o5ntr6. TH NLC Re/ort sa6s that 2n s/e2f2 terms8 the o4Get2es of the le2slat2on w2ll hae to 4e( aJ To o4ta2n reon2t2on for all wor9ers 2n the 5noran2se1 setor.  4J To To ens5re a m2n2m5m leel of eonom2 se5r2t6 to these wor9ers. wor9ers. J To ens5re a m2n2m5m leel of so2al se5r2t6 to these wor9ers. 1J To fa2l2tate fa2l2tate the remoal of the /oert6 of these wor9ers. eJ To ens5re f5t5re o//ort5n2t2es for h2l1ren 46 el2m2nat2n h2l1 la4o5r. fJ To eno5rae format2on of mem4ersh2/ 4ase1 orn2sat2ons of wor9ers 2nl512n Tra1e Un2ons. J To ens5re re/resentat2on of wor9ers thro5h the2r oran2
%. Ma"er'"0 a$ ear(0 C&'($ Care

. Pro21ent &5n1 %enef2ts 1. &am2l6 %enef2ts e. "men2t2es=%enef2ts 2nl512n Ho5s2n8 Dr2n92n #ater8 #ater8 San2tat2on8 et. f. Com/en Com/ensat sat2on 2on of em/lo6 em/lo6men mentt InG5r6 InG5r6 4enef2 4enef2ts ts 2nl5 2nl512n 12n 2nal2 2nal212t 12t6 6 4enef2t 4enef2tss an1 s5r2or3s or 1e/en1ent3s 4enef2tsJ . Ret2rement an1 /ost-ret2rement / ost-ret2rement 4enef2ts !rat52t68 !rat52t68 Pens2on an1 &am2l6 Pens2onJ h. Some oer 2n ases of o f loss of earn2n or the a/a2t6 to earn. 2. %es21es these8 there sho5l1 4e shemes8 e2ther 2n1e/en1ent or 2n asso2at2on w2th the !oernment8 #elfare %o12es8 N!Os an1 So2al Oran2sat2ons8 for the 5/ra1at2on of  s92lls an1 the e15at2on of wor9ers8 an1 for the el2m2nat2on of h2l1 la4o5r8 fore1 la4o5r8 an1 5nfa2r la4o5r relat2ons an1 /rat2es. TH UNOR!"NISD L"%OUR "ND "!RICULTUR"L #OR$RS #L&"RJ %ILL8 )00*: 2n res/onse res/onse to the Nat2onal Nat2onal La4o5r Comm2ss2on3 Comm2ss2on3ss reommen1at2o reommen1at2ons8 ns8 the M2n2str6 of  La4o5r /re/are1 a /2lot 5noran2se1 setor #or9ers So2al Se5r2t6 Sheme )00@J8 wh2h howeer met w2th l2m2te1 res/onse. &5rther to th2s8 the M2n2str6 also /re/are1 an Unoran2se1 Setor #or9ers %2ll8 )00@8 wh2h onta2ne1 meas5res relat2n to 4oth so2al se5r2t6 an1 on12t2ons of wor9 2n the 5noran2se1 5n oran2se1 setor. Th2s 42ll was enate1 to !rovide for the welfare measures to be undertaken by the %tate   la4o5r  and  for the unorganised  la4o5r    and agricultural workers by setting u! a #elfare &uthority and a #elfare und #elfare und for the !ayment of minimum wages$ for !ension and !rovident fund   facilities$ maternity and creche facilities along with medicare to the women workers and for matters for matters connected therewith and incidental thereto.

%2ll On So2al Se5r2t6 &or Unoran2
Parl2ament on #e1nes1a6 +7tDeem4erJ/as Deem4erJ/asse1 se1 the am42t2o5s am42t2o5s Unoran2se Unoran2se1 1 #or9ers3 or9ers3 So2al Se5r2t6 %2ll8 )00? that see9s to /ro21e welfare meas5res for m2ll2on of wor9ers 2n the 5noran2se1 setor. The %2ll has alrea16 4een /asse1 46 the RaG6a Sa4ha wh2le the Lo9 Sa4ha  /asse1 2t on #e1nes1a6 #e1nes1a6 +7th Deem4erJ.

The %2ll was 1esr24e1 as the f2rst maGor ste/ 2n *0 6ears to remoe the /l2hts of the  /oor wor9er 2n 5noran2
#2n12n 5/ the 1e4ate8 M2n2ster for La4o5r an1 m/lo6ment Osar &ernan1es sa21 2t was a m2llenn25m sheme that wo5l1 oer :@ rore wor9ers 2n the neAt f2e 6ears. "r25lt5ral wor9ers an1 m2rant la4o5rers w2ll also 4e oere1 5n1er the "t.

He sa21 ,@ /er ent of the wor92n lass 2n the o5ntr6 em/lo6e1 2n the 5noran2se1 setor wo5l1 et the 4enef2t of health8 l2fe an1 12sa42l2t6 2ns5rane8 ol1-ae /ens2on an1 the ro5/ a21ent sheme. Mr. &ernan1es sa21 the oernment ha1 alrea16 starte1 2m/lement2n some of the shemes s5h as health 2ns5rane an1 ol1-ae /ens2on for  those 4elow the /oert6 l2ne wh2le a//eal2n to the States to oo/erate 2n the s5essf5l 2m/lementat2on.

The %2ll was 2ntro15e1 2n the RaG6a Sa4ha 2n Se/tem4er )007 an1 s54se5entl6 referre1 to the Stan12n Comm2ttee.

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" Nat2onal Ch2l1 La4o5r Proramme has 4een ta9en 5/ to ma9e effet2e 2nterent2on to  /reent eA/lo2tat2on of h2l1 la4o5r 2n the 5noran2se1 setor. N2ne Ch2l1 La4o5r ProGets w2th the ma2n a2m of s52ta4le reha42l2tat2on8 of the h2l1ren w2th1rawn from em/lo6ment8  46 /ro212n them welfare 2n/5ts hae 4een la5nhe1. Prorammes for women la4o5r  2nl51e 2nl51e f2nan2al f2nan2al ass2stane ass2stane to ol5ntar6 ol5ntar6 oran2sat oran2sat2ons 2ons for ta92n 5/ at2on-or2 at2on-or2ente1 ente1

 /roGets8 st512es relat2n to women la4o5r8 oran2sat2on of h2l1 are entres for the  4enef2t of women wor9ers8 welfare /roGets for women wor9ers 2n the onstr5t2on 2n15 2n15st str6 r6 an1 an1 stre stren nth then en2n 2n  of the the enfo enfor rem emen entt of the the /ro /ro2s 2s2o 2ons ns of the the  5a 5all Rem5nerat2on "t.

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T&e R#ra( W*rers1 E$#a"'* Pr*+raes,  wh2h oer lan1less la4o5r8 ar25lt5ral

wor9ers8 mar2nal farmers8 f2sher2es la4o5r8 tr24al la4o5r8 forest la4o5r an1 r5ral art2sans8 are 2nten1e1 to hel/ r5ral wor9ers to sole the2r /ro4lems thro5h self-hel/ an1 to 1eelo/ the2r own oran2sat2ons. The Central %oar1 of #or9ers 15at2on C%#J has 1eelo/e1 shemes 9ee/2n 2n 2ew the nee1 to e15ate the wor9ers on 2n15str2al health8 safet6 an1 en2ronment as well as to 1eelo/ lea1ersh2/ amon wor9ers. "s /art of the nat2onal effort to 2nrease the rate of l2tera68 es/e2all6 amon women an1 /ersons  4elon2n to SC=ST an1 other e15at2onall6 12sa1antae1 an1 so2o-eonom2all6  4a9war1 ro5/s as also wor9ers 2n 5noran2se1 setors8 the C%# has 4een on15t2n on15 t2n &5nt2o &5nt2onal nal "15lt "15lt L2tera L2tera6 6 Class Classes es for wor9er wor9erss enae1 enae1 2n /lanta /lantat2o t2on n an1 m2n2n m2n2n 2n15str2es where 2ll2tera6 2s /re1om2nant. D5r2n the 2hth Plan8 l2tera6 /rorammes for the r5ral wor9ers wo5l1 4e ont2n5e1.

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oat2onal tra2n2n fa2l2t2es for women hae 4een eA/an1e1 an1 12ers2f2e1 oer the 6ears. There are +F@ #omen ITls=ITCs an1 +), womens w2ns 2n !eneral ITIs8 wh2h s/e2f2all6 ater to the oat2onal tra2n2n nee1s of women. In a112t2on8 a Nat2onal oat2onal Tra2n2n Inst2t5te for #omen at NOID" 2n Uttar Pra1esh an1 s2A Re2onal oat2onal at2onal Tra2n2n Tra2n2n  Inst2t5tes Inst2t5tes for #om omen en at %om4a68 %om4a68 %analore8 %analore8 Cal5tta8 Cal5tta8 H2-sar8 H2-sar8 Tr2an1r5m an1 T5ra /ro21e fa2l2t2es for tra2n2n 2n a three-t2er s6stem8 namel68 4as2 s92l s92lls ls88 a1an a1ane1 e1 s92l s92lls ls an1 an1 2nst 2nstr5 r5t t2o 2onal nal tra2 tra2n2 n2n n 2n sele selet te1 e1 tra1 tra1es es ha2 ha2n n h2h h2h em/lo6ment em/lo6ment /otent2al. /otent2al. Part-t2me8 Part-t2me8 short-term short-term an1 a1 ho o5rses are also oran2se1 oran2se1 46 these 2nst2t5tes as /er the nee1s of loal 2n15str2es. Some o5rses are also oran2se1 for 

the 4enef2t of ho5sew2es an1 others 2n tra1es l29e re/a2r an1 ser22n of ommon 1omest2 a//l2anes8 ha2r an1 s92n are8 1ress1 ress- ma92n8 et.

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"1e5ate leels of earn2ns8 safe an1 h5mane on12t2ons of wor9 an1 aess to some m2n2m5m so2al se5r2t6 4enef2ts are the maGor 5al2tat2e 12mens2ons of em/lo6ment wh2h enhane 5al2t6 of l2fe of wor9ers an1 the2r /ro15t22t6. Inst2t5t2onal mehan2sms eA2st for ens5r2n these to wor9ers 2n the oran2se1 setor of the eonom6. These are  4e2n strenthene1 or eA/an1e1 to the eAtent /oss24le. Howeer8 wor9ers 2n the 5noran2se1 setor8 who onst2t5te ,0 /er ent of the total wor9fore8 46 an1 lare8 1o not hae aess to s5h 4enef2ts. Ste/s nee1 to 4e ta9en on a larer sale than 4efore to 2m/roe 2m/roe the 5al2t 5al2t6 6 of wor92n wor92n  l2fe l2fe of the 5no 5nor ran2 an2se1 se1 wor9er wor9ers8 s8 2nl51 2nl512n 2n women women wor9ers.

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The 4ee12 an1 2ar wor9ers on12t2ons of em/lo6mentJ at8 +,** at no. :) of +,** :0th noem4er8 +,**. an1 The 452l12ns an1 other onstr5t2on wor9ers re5lat2on of  em/lo6ment em/lo6ment an1 on12t2ons of ser2eJ at8 +,,* at no. )7 of +,,* +,th a55st8 +,,*  4oth /ro21e for s/e2al /ro2s2ons for females wor92n 2n these 2n15str2es 2n15str2es

TH %DI "ND CI!"R #OR$RS CONDITIONS O& MPLO'MNTJ "CT8 +,** "CT  NO. :) O& +,** :0TH NOM%R8 +,**. The at /ro21es the follow2n 4enef2ts to the women 2n these 2n15str2es 2n a112t2on to the other 4enef2t. 

Set2on +@ /ro21es for Crhes( Crhes( +J In eer6 2n15str2al /rem2ses where2n more than f2ft6 female em/lo6ees are or12nar2l6 em/lo6e18 there shall 4e /ro21e1 an1 ma2nta2ne1 a s52ta4le room or rooms for the 5se of  h2l1ren 5n1er the ae of s2A 6ears of s5h female em/lo6ees. )J S5h rooms shall-- aJ /ro21e a1e5ate aommo1at2on > 4J 4e a1e5atel6 l2hte1 an1 ent2late1 > J 4e ma2nta2ne1 2n a lean an1 san2tar6 on12t2on > 1J 4e 5n1er the hare of women tra2ne1 2n the are of h2l1ren an1 2nfants. :J The State State !oernm !oernment ent ma6 ma9e ma9e r5les8 r5les8--- aJ /resr2 /resr242n 42n the loat2 loat2on on an1 the stan1ar1s 2n res/et of onstr5t2on8 aommo1at2on8 f5rn2t5re an1 other e52/ment of  rooms to 4e /ro21e1 5n1er th2s set2on. 4J re52r2n the /ro2s2on 2n an6 2n15str2al  /rem2ses to wh2h th2s set2on a//l2es8 of a112t2onal fa2l2t2es for the are of h2l1ren  4elon2n to female em/lo6ers8 2nl512n s52ta4le /ro2s2on of fa2l2t2es for wash2n an1 han2n the2r loth2n > J re52r2n the /ro2s2on 2n an6 2n15str2al /rem2ses of free m2l9 or refreshment or 4oth for s5h h2l1ren > 1J re52r2n that fa2l2t2es shall 4e 2en 2n an6 2n15str2al /rem2ses for the mothers of s5h h2l1ren to fee1 them at neessar6 2nterals.

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Set2on Set2on )F of the the at Proh242ts Proh242ts em/lo6ment em/lo6ment of of women women 15r2n 15r2n erta2n erta2n ho5rs. ho5rs. It sates sates that(No woman or 6o5n /erson shall 4e re52re1 or allowe1 to wor9 2n an6 2n15str2al  /rem2ses eAe/t 4etween * a.m. an1 7 /.m.



Set2on )7 of the at /ro21es matern2t6 4en2f2ts 4en2f2ts to the women. It It tal9s a4o5t the waes 15r2n leae leae /er2o1 /er2o1 an1 A/lanat2on A/lanat2on II II of the set2on set2on states states that( &or &or the /5r/ose /5r/ose of  1eterm2n2n 1eterm2n2n the waes /a6a4le to a home wor9er 15r2n 15r2n leae /er2o1 or for the /5r/ose of /a6ment of matern2t6 4enef2t to a woman home wor9er8 Q1a6Q shall mean an6 /er2o1

15r2n wh2h s5h home wor9er was em/lo6e18 15r2n a /er2o1 of twent6- fo5r ho5rs ommen2n at m21n2ht8 for ma92n 4ee12 or 2ar or 4oth. TH TH %UIL %UILDI DIN! N!S S "ND OTH OTHR R CONS CONSTR TRUC UCTI TION ON #OR$ #OR$R RS S R! R!UL UL" "TION ION O& MPLO'MNT "ND CONDITIONS O& SRICJ "CT8 +,,* "CT NO. )7 O& +,,* +,TH "U!UST8 +,,* ( The %52l12n an1 Other Constr5t2o Constr5t2on n #or9ers #or9ers CSJ Central Central R5les8 +,,?8 st2/5late1 st2/5late1 seeral so2al se5r2t6 4enef2ts to the onstr5t2on wor9ers 2nl512n a21ent rel2ef8 ol1 ae /ens2on8 ho5s2n ho5 s2n  loans8 loans8 /a6men /a6mentt of 2ns5ra 2ns5rane ne /rem25m /rem25m88 /a6men /a6mentt towar1 towar1ss e15at e15at2on 2onal al eA/ens eA/enses es of  h2l1r h2l1ren8 en8 me12a me12all an1 matern matern2t6 2t6 4enef2ts 4enef2ts an1 so on. So far8 far8 s2A states states hae hae enate enate1 1 s5h s5h le2slat2ons an1 f5nt2on2n of the new shemes 5n1er these le2slat2ons hae 4een atta2n2n moment mom ent5m 5m 2n states states l29e l29e $erala $erala an1 Tam2l am2l Na15. Na15. Set2o Set2on n :F of the "t /ro21 /ro21es es for the esta4l2shment of rhes for the h2l1ren of the la4o5rs .

M'se((ae*#s Nat2onal Comm2ss2on of Self-m/lo6e1 #omen 46 the !oernment of In12a 2n +,?7 at the 2nstane of S#"?. The Comm2ss2on /re/are1 a re/ort on #omen 2n the Informal Setor8 reomm reommen12 en12n n 2m/ro 2m/roem ement ent 2n the wor92n wor92n  on12t on12t2on 2ons. s. The re/ort re/ort QShram QShram Sha9t2 Sha9t2QQ was s54m2tte1 2n +,?? an1 was ae/te1 46 the !oernment of In12a 2n +,?,8 wh2h 2s a m2lestone 2n the womens moement 2n In12a. Th2s 2n2t2at2e ma1e wor92n women 2n the 5noran2
)

Self-m/lo6e1 #omens "sso2at2on S#"J 4ase1 at "hme1a4a1 2s a oo1 eAam/le 2n th2s rear1. The /roress of S#"s at22t2es 2s seen 2n the form of str5t5res=oran2
GIRLS IN UNORGANISED SECTOR: SECTOR 

er6 fo5rth wor92n h2l1 2n the worl1 2s an In12an. #h2le onern for wor92n h2l1ren  /re1ates the Const2t5t2on of In12a 8 there has 4een no se/arate 122s2on of male ma le an1 female h2l1 la4o5r. In fat term h2l1 la4o5r was larel6 a//l2e1 to 4o6s8 as 2rls were rarel6 ons21ere1 to 4e wae earners. " m2roso/2 anal6s2s of the 2rl h2l1 la4o5r shows that8 the one/t of h2l1 la4o5r 2s seA s/e2f2 an1 not onl6 there 2s seA-s/e2f22t6 2n o5/at2ons 45t8 there are also 12fferenes 2n the ram2f2 ram2f2at at2on 2onss of 2rls 2rls an1 4o6 4o6s. s. !2rl !2rl h2l1 h2l1 la4o5r la4o5rss hae to /a6 a hea2er hea2er /r2e than the2r  the2r  o5nter/arts.

 Agricultural  Agricultura Cultivati on:  Agriculturall Labour and Cultivation: Cultivation: " h2h /ort2on of r5ral 2rls are enae1 2n ar25lt5ral la4o5r an1 5lt2at2on . a st516 2n $arnata9a Sr29antan 8 Nara6an an1 Rao8+,7?J showe1 that 2n areas wh2h ha1 4een 2rr2ate1 8 the em/lo6ment of women of all aes 8 2nl512n those 4elow +@ 6ears 8 was ons21era4l6 h2her  than that of women 2n 1r6 farm2n areas. m/lo6ment 2n Small Sale In15str2es an1 Cottae In15str2es( The6 wor9 for *-+0 6ears 8 earn2n Rs. ) to : /er 1a68 4efore the6 are ons21ere1 f5ll-fle1e1 wor9ers Mohan1as8 +,?0J.6o5n 2rls are enae1 2n ar2o5s small sale 2n15str2es an ottae 2n15str2es eah w2th 2ts own set of terms an1 on12t2ons of wor92n an1 waes . &or eAam/le8 2n the $ha12 2n15str6 an1 Uttar Pra1esh an1 Tam2l Na15 2n /art25lar8 a h2h /ro/ort2on of s/2nners are 2rls who hae st512e1 5/-to 5 /-to lass I or  an1 are wa2t2n to 4e marr2e1. The6 earn a4o5t Rs. : to F a 1a6 8 1e/en12n 5/on the2r o5t/5t8 an1 sae th2s mone6 for the2r 1owr6S2nha8+,??J. These ontr245t2ons of the 2rls are har1l6 not2e1 an1 the6 are rear1e1 as an eonom2 45r1en8  4ea5se the2r sa2ns 1o not meet the re52rements of 1owr6 an1 the2r eA/en12t5re on the2r  marr2ae an1 tra12t2onal /ost marr2ae 2fts.

ffet of em/lo6ment on 2rls 2n 5noran2
ffet on health ( aJ Maln5tr2t2on( Maln5tr2t2on( en1er 12sr2m2nat2on 2na1es the 92then an1 ons5m/t2on ons5m/t2on of  foo1. foo1. Maln Maln5t 5tr2 r2t2 t2on on 4e2n 4e2nss at an earl earl6 6 ae ae of a 2rl 2rl h2l h2l1 1 8an1 8an1 2s f5rt f5rthe her  r  om/o5n om/o5n1e1 1e1 46 the aar2e aar2ess of em/lo6 em/lo6ment ment.. Normal Normal rowth rowth s/5 s/5rts rts 15r2n 15r2n  /54ert6 an1 a1olesene are a1ersel6 affete1 46 /oor n5tr2t2on 2nta9e an1 2nrease1 man5al wor9. St512es hae shown that maln5tr2t2on 2n earl6 h2l1hoo1 ont ont2n 2n52 52n n 2nto 2nto a1ol a1oles ese ene ne 8a1e 8a1ers rsel el6 6 affe affet tss h2l h2l1r 1ren3 en3ss wor9 wor9 a/a a/a2t 2t6 6 sat6anara6an na215 +,,7J.  4J Comm5n2a4le 12seases( seere maln5tr2t2on 8anaem2a 8 anaem2a 8 har1 la4o5r 8fat25e an1 2na1e5ate slee/ 2nrease the 2rls s5se/t242l2t6 to 2nfet2o5s 12seases. JO5/ JO5/at2 at2onal onal Ha


ffet on e15at2on( Lon ho5rs of wor9 an1 neess2t6 at home to 1o ho5sehol1 wor9 or em/lo6ment 8re15e the /oss242l2t6 of an6 92n1 for shool2n 2rls.2n ar/et wea2n 82nstea1 of shool2n8 2rls 2rls are /lae1 2n em/lo6ment em/lo6ment 5n2ts as a//rent2es.2n a//rent2es.2n /r2n2/le th2s sho5l1 om/ensate om/ensate for wor92n ho5rs or the la9of st512es 845t 2n /rat2e 2t 2n 2tself 4eomes a form of  eA/lo2tat2on .

2Case *3 S&aa Isae( - Pera%#", Pera%#", I$'a 4Ve((*re 4Ve((*re D's"r'"5 D's"r'"5 Shama Ismael8 +0-6ears-ol18

was 4on1e1 to lose the en1s of 4ee12 2arettes 2n or1er to /a6 /a 6 her fam2l6s 1e4t. Her fam2l6 ha1 2n5rre1 th2s 1e4t w2th me12al eA/enses for her 6o5ner s24l2n. &or +: ho5rs eah 1a68 w2th onl6 a +F m2n5te 4rea9 for l5nh8 Shama was fore1 to lose the en1s of )8000 2arettes for 

a4o5t 0.0?=1a6. If she ma1e 2t to wor9 later than her 7am start2n t2me8 or 2f she 121 not meet her 5ota8 she was 4eaten. 4eaten. &ort5n &ort5nate atel6 l688 Shama Shamass stor6 stor6 has a ho/ef5l ho/ef5l en12n. en12n. In +,,?8 +,,?8 the Inte Intern rnat at2o 2onal nal K5st K5st2 2ee M2ss M2ss2o 2on n hel/e hel/e1 1 rele releas asee an1 an1 enro enroll ll her 2n shoo shool. l. In th2s th2s ase ase88 her  mone6len1er was /rose5te1 an1 ,2s now 2n /r2son.

REMEDIAL ACTIONS ACTIONS AND STRATEGIES TO PROTECT WOMEN IN UNORGANI6ED SECTOR :

#elfare #elfare of women wor92n 2n the 5noran2
 Pro212n or2entat2on 2n s2m/le lan5aeJ to women wor92n 2n the 5noran2
 Re52r2n the /ol2e ta9e "t2on Ta9en Re/orts3 an1 f2le them w2th2n @? ho5rs of the 2n21ent

 Ha2n oernment off22als an1 /ol2t22ans a11ress tra1e 5n2ons an1 ontrators to eA/la2n the r2hts an1 /rotet2ons aa2la4le to the 5noran2
 Con15t2n en1er sens2t22t6 tra2n2n amon /ol2e /ersonnel an1 mem4ers of the G5122ar6

 Im/lement2n s/e2al8 /roat2e oernment 2nterent2ons to /rotet m2rat2n women 15e to the2r h2h 5lnera42l2t6 an1 2nter-state moements8 es/e2all6 %h2l an1 "12as2 women

htt/(==www.amer2an.e15=TD=te1 html8 Maratha $2n TD Case St512es8 %on1e1 h2l1 & htt/(==www.amer2an.e15=TD=te1 la4o5r 2n In12a8 han1-roll2n 4ee12 an1 2arette

 Ma92n /rotet2on of women the res/ons242l2t6 of em/lo6ers an1 s5//ort omm5n2t6 efforts to  /rotet women

 Us2n Karatha Sam2th2es 5n1er the lea1ersh2/ of women /ol2t2al lea1ers an1 tra1e 5n2on lea1ers to 2nst2t5t2onal2
 rr2n /ol2e off22als an1 staff sho5l1 4e /5n2she1>

 #omen #omen sens2t2e /ol2e an1 G5122ar6 2s nee1 of the ho5r>

 Peo/le who are res/ons24le for seA5al harassment who are 2nfl5ent2al 1o not et a5ht. Unless the6 are 4ro5ht to 4oo9 at the 529est /oss24le t2me there wont 4e an6 onf21ene.

To 1eelo/ stron ro5/s amonst the women wor92n 2n 5noran2
CONCLUSION M5h has 4een 1one for the oran2 22J the seA5al harassment 521el2nes hae s/ae for format2on of D2str2t Com/la2nts Comm2ttees an1 that of  h2her ones8 45t l2ttle has 4een 1one. The 2m/lementat2on at the State leel wo5l1 nee1 to 4e  Go2ntl6 oor12nate1 w2th the Tra1e Un2ons 2nolement. "t the Nat2onal leel8 the Nat2onal Cam/a2n Comm2ttee on Unoran2
 Th2s s2t5at2on om/els them to s2lentl6 s5ffer all tort5r2n an1 harassments. These /oor women are 5naware of the /rotet2on la5ses an1 r2hts the6 1esere.

 The fear that the6 w2ll lose the2r Go4s /reents them from 12slos2n the ha//en2ns an1 lo12n om/la2nts.

 The fear of the onse5enes she ma6 hae to fae 2n her own home an1 so2et6 fores them to s5rren1er for harassments.

 The er6 fat that the affl5ent ontrators an1 Go4 /ro21ers et awa6 w2th r2me on the strenth of mone6 nee1s to 4e 2ntros/ete1 as the6 feel the6 an et e t awa6 w2th s5h at22t2es.

The fat 2s that the wor9 fore 2s re52re1 an1 the6 nee1 to 4e 2en the s/ae an1 12n2t6. Hene8 some s5est2ons are(

 The /rotet2on of women from harassments sho5l1 4e ma1e the res/ons242l2t6 of the Go4  /ro21er=em/lo6er an1 2n ase of an6 s5h 2n21ents the6 sho5l1 4e ma1e res/ons24le>

 #2th the 2n2t2at2e of Panha6at2 RaG 2nst2t5t2ons women la4or 4an9s sho5l1 4e forme1 an1 la4or s5//l6 shall 4e ma1e thro5h them>

 #21e /54l22t6 of women3s3 r2hts an1 /rotet2on sho5l1 4e attem/te1 46 the !oernment ont2n5o5sl6>

 The enforement of De/artment of La4or laws sho5l1 4e alerte1 an1 /enalt6 /ro2s2ons an1  /5n2shments sho5l1 4e enfore1.

In onl5s2on8 2t 2s re2terate1 that a stron !oernment omm2tment an1 effet2e 2m/lementat2on of eA2st2n laws an1 /ro2s2ons are re52re1 to ens5re women 2n the 5noran2
B'%('*+ra7&0 %oo9s(

#omen #omen 2n the Unoran2 "5thors"5thors- Rameshwar2 Pan16a 8 Pan16a 8 Sar29a Patel. Patel.



Ur4an Unoran2se1 Setor 2n In12a.> "5thor -Ra/a9a -Ra/a9a Sat6a RaG5

"rt2les (

Un1erstan12n the 5noran2se1 Setor.> $2ran Mohe.



#omen #omen 2n Unoran2se1 Setor.> o6a $han



#omen #or9ers 2n Unoran2 Dr. an1ana Dae

Laws Referre1(  

%ee12 "n1 C2ar #or9ers Con12t2ons Of m/lo6mentJ "t8 +,** The %52l12ns "n1 Other Constr5t2on #or9ers #or9ers Re5lat2on Of m/lo6ment "n1



Con12t2ons Of Ser2eJ "t8 +,,* %2ll On So2al Se5r2t6 Se5 r2t6 &or Unoran2


The Seon1 Nat2onal Comm2ss2on Re/ort

