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Lab: Endo vs. Exo
Jennifer Silva D-block Mr. Louis January 29, 2014
Lab: Endo vs. Exo
Many chemical reactions give off energy. Chemical reactions release energy in form of heat, light, or sound. Chemical reactions that release energy are known as exothermic reactions. Some chemical reactions absorb energy and they re known as endothermic reactions. In an exothermic reaction the products are lower in energy than the reactants. While in an endothermic reaction the products are higher in energy than the reactants. Photosynthesis is an example of an endothermic chemical reaction. In this process, plants use the energy from the sun to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. And an example of an exothermic reaction is the mixture of sodium and chloride to yield table salt. In order to figure out whether a reaction is an endothermic or exothermic reaction the increase or decrease of the temperature of the reaction solution needs to be measured. It can also be noticed by observing the solution and the changes occurring. ’
Identify chemical compounds which result in the production of exothermic or endothermic reactions Determine some real world application of endothermic and exothermic reactions Write a formal lab report as directed by the rubric
Lab: Endo vs. Exo
1.
Water bottle 6 Test tubes 15ml Graduated cylinders Baking soda Urea Sodium Hydroxide pellets Sodium chloride Magnesium strips Hydrochloric acid Sodium hydroxide Tape Measuring scoop Thermometer
Label the test tubes with the name of the white powder
Hydrochloric Acid & Sodium Hydroxide
chemical. 2.
Add one scoop of chemical #1 into a dr y test tube.
CAUTION: HYDROCHOLIRED ACID is corrosive. It will
3.
Take the temperature.
burn through clothes and skin if it comes in contact
a)
Qualitatively
with them.
b)
Quantitatively
4.
Measure 3ml of water using the graduated cylinder
5.
Take the temperature of the water.
6.
a)
Qualitatively
b)
Quantitatively
Place the thermometer inside the test tube, and take the temperature, also feel it from the outside.
7.
Repeat the steps for chemical #2 and #3.
1.
Measure the temp., qualitatively and quantitatively
2.
Repeat step one for the HCL.
3.
Pour 2ml of HCL into a clean test tube
4.
Place the magnesium into the HCL test tube. Record temp.
5.
Repeat step 4&5 and use NAOH instead of HCL.
Note; Make sure all members of the group feel the temperature of each test immediately after the water was added and 3 minutes later.
These following reactants , Baking soda, Sodium chloride, and Urea temperatures dropped after being mixed with water which means that they had exothermic reactions. The products were definitely lower in energy than the reactants and the energy given out was negative. Three minutes after testing the temperature increased to room temperature. temperature. Now these reactants , Sodium carbonate, Sodium Hydroxide pellets, Hydrochloric acid/ magnesium strip and Sodium Hydroxide/ magnesium strip temperatures increased after being mixed with water. Therefore the products were higher in energy than the reactants which made them endothermic reactions. Three minutes after all of the reactants temperatures decrease except Sodium hydrogen/ magnesium strip. Sodium hydrogen/ magnesium strip s temperature increase it went from 29°C to 29.3°C. ’
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Lab: Endo vs. Exo
During this lab I was able to identify chemical compounds which result in the production of exothermic or endothermic reactions. For baking soda s oda was an exothermic reaction. Therefore the product was lower in energy than the reactants. Sodium carbonate was an endothermic reaction, because the product was higher in energy than the reactants. Endothermic and exothermic reactions and processes are commonly observed in our life. These energy changes are either occurring naturally (burning, photosynthesis, respiration, boiling, freezing, e tc) or they re being employed by mankind to make our living easier and better. One of the most common applications is the use of heat packs or cold packs. When you have back pain, applying a heat pack relieve the pain; and when you have a headache applying a cold pack helps relieve the headache. What really happens is that when the heat pack is used, the chemicals inside the pack are made to react with each other. The heat pack is made up of 2 bags, a small inner bad ba d and outer bad. The small inner can be just water and the out bag can be sodium acetate. When the bag is squeezed, the small inner bag breaks and the sodium acetate dissolve in water. This causes a reaction which is Exothermic. ’
