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FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN AWAM UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA Laboratory Manual # 3
COURSE
BASIC STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS
COURSE CODE
ECS258
LEVEL OF OPENNESS
2
CATEGORY
PARTIALLY OPEN ENDED
DEGREE OF OPEN-ENDED (%)
66
PERIOD OF ACTIVITY
2 WEEKS
TITLE
EXPERIMENT ON PIN-JOINTED TRUSS
1.1 Introduction Level 2 laboratory activity refers to condition where only the problem is guided and given. Students are required to find the ways & means means and provide the answers to answers to the given assignment using the group creativity and innovativeness. The activity will enable the students to appreciate independent learning and prepare them for a much harder task of openended laboratory activities. In this laboratory activity students will be exposed to the apparatus and the procedures to carry out experiment on pin-jointed truss. 1.2 Objective The objective of the experiment is: To determine the internal forces and displacement in a statically determinate pin-jointed truss. PREAMBLE
1.3 Learning Outcomes At the end of the laboratory laboratory activities, activities, students would would be able to:
identify and use the correct apparatus/tools apparatus/ tools to carry out experiment on statically determinate pin-jointed truss; work in a group to undertake the task; and collect and analyze the data correctly correctly and produce the lab report.
1.4 Theoretical Background A truss is a structure constructed with with straight members connected connected together at their ends referred to as joints. Triangular configuration is usually used for trusses because of the structural stability of the shape and the joints are usually assumed to be pin-jointed.
FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN AWAM UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA Laboratory Manual # 3 Suppose that m is the total number of members in a truss and j the total number of joints. Then, noting that initially there are three members and three joints, the above relationship may be written
m – 3 = 2 ( j - 3) so that m = 2 j - 3
If the equation above is satisfied, the truss constructed from a series of triangles is a statically determinate structure. If m < 2j - 3, the structure is unstable, and if m > 2j - 3, the structure is statically indeterminate.
A determinate truss can be analysed using any of the following methods: - method of joints - method of sections - graphical method
The assumptions on which the analysis of t russes is based are as follows: (i) The truss members are connected at their ends by frictionless pins. (ii) The truss is loaded and supported only at its joints. (iii) The forces in the truss members are purely axial, either tension or compression force.
PROBLEM (Guided)
2.1 Problem Statement Students are required to determine the internal forces and displacement in a statically determinate pin-jointed truss. 3.1 Apparatus Identify and list the apparatus for the experiment.
3.2 Procedures
WAYS & MEANS (Open)
The group should identify and list out the step-by-step procedures to conduct the experiment using the available apparatus in the laboratory. For safety reasons, the procedures will be verified first by the instructor/technician before the group can start the experiment.
3.3 Results The group is required to perform the data acquisition process and tabulate the results in a proper format.
FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN AWAM UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA Laboratory Manual # 3 4.1 Analysis From the information and data obtained, carry out analysis of the laboratory results in order to achieve the objective of the experiment.
4.2 Discussion and Conclusion ANSWERS (Open)
The discussion and conclusion of the report are left open to group discretion.
The report must be submitted 1 week after the completion of this laboratory work.
