1. Destrozando el Use of English
Pág. 3
2. Phrasal verbs
Pág. 4
3. Dependent prepositions
Pág. 10
4. Key word transformation
Pág. 14
4.1 Gramática básica
Pág. 14
4.2 Expresiones
Pág. 18
5. Open cloze
Pág. 31
5.1 Expresiones
Pág. 31
5.2 Palabras frecuentes
Pág. 36
6. Word formation
Pág. 38
7. Agradecimiento y consejo final
Pág. 63
8. Aviso legal
Pág. 64
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1. Destrozando el Use of English
Pág. 3
2. Phrasal verbs
Pág. 4
3. Dependent prepositions
Pág. 10
4. Key word transformation
Pág. 14
4.1 Gramática básica
Pág. 14
4.2 Expresiones
Pág. 18
5. Open cloze
Pág. 31
5.1 Expresiones
Pág. 31
5.2 Palabras frecuentes
Pág. 36
6. Word formation
Pág. 38
7. Agradecimiento y consejo final
Pág. 63
8. Aviso legal
Pág. 64
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Destrozando el Use Of English nace de una necesidad y casi de una obligación para
muchos de nosotros: conseguir un nivel C1 de inglés. Desde que creé Aprueba El CAE os he estado transmitiendo la importancia que tiene prepararse a conciencia esta parte ya que, si tenemos alguna que otra más floja, es la que nos va a hacer aprobar. Esta siempre fue mi idea antes de examinarme y es por eso que la preparé a conciencia obteniendo un resultado más que positivo : 202/210 en esta parte del examen, es decir, un Use of English muy muy completo. Una vez empecé a trabajar este ebook, me di cuenta de que mucha gente puede que no tuviera una base como la que tenía yo de gramática, ya que venía de sacar excepcional en el nivel B2 en esta parte (antiguas notas, no te decían la puntuación de forma numérica) y es por ello que decidí ampliarlo y hacerlo útil para aquellos que se quieran preparar por su cuenta el nivel B2 también. Con el blog os he tratado de transmitir todo lo que yo hice para que lo pusierais en marcha por vosotros mismos. Es una tarea laboriosa que a mí me llevó muchísimo tiempo y sé que muchos de vosotros no disponéis de él. Es por eso que me he decidido a crear mi primer ebook “Destrozando “Destrozando el Use of English” English ” dónde os doy el trabajo hecho
y tan sólo tenéis que preocuparos de estudiarlo. Sin más espero que encontréis el ebook útil y que verdaderamente destrocéis el Use of English. ¡EMPEZAMOS!
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Los phrasal verbs no necesitan presentación, creo que todos los que estáis leyendo este ebook sabéis lo que son. Os voy a dejar una lista de los que me he encontrado haciendo ejercicios relativos tanto de nivel B2 como de nivel C1 y que creo que os van a ser útiles. Podría completar esta lista con cientos y cientos de ellos pero sería rellenar de manera innecesaria. Obviamente, cuantos más conozcáis mejor. De la misma manera no he incluido ni ngún phrasal verb con la palabra “Get” puesto que los t enéis todos en la primera entrega de contenido exclusivo que mandé a todos mis suscriptores.
Break down – Romper, estropear This morning, I was in a rush because my car broke down and I was going to be late for school. Call off – Cancelar We’ll have no choice but to call off the meeting if you are unable to come. Carry out – Llevar a cabo Researchers are carrying out a new cancer investigation. Come up with – Elaborar, inventarse We didn’t have a ball to play with so I came up with the idea of using a tin. Figure out – Resolver I’m trying to figure out how to pass this level on the Xbox. Find out – Averiguar You are not going to believe what I found out about Marco. Give up –Rendirse
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I have no idea how to do this. I give up. Look forward to + ing – Estar deseando I’m looking forward to visiting my family in Ibiza. Look into – Investigar The detective is going to look into the murder. Look up to – Admirar I really look up to my brother. He is a brilliant hard worker. Make up – Inventar Could you please stop making up false stories about me? Put off – Cancelar, aplazar Ex: Why don’t we put off the cricket match? I don’ t feel like playing tonight. Put up with – Tolerar, aguantar I’m not going to put up with your rudeness anymore. I quite! Run out of – Quedarse sin We run out of milk. Let’s buy a couple of bottles for tomorrow’s breakfast . Set up – Fundar I will be setting up my business next year. Split up – Romper We are not a rock band anymore, we split up last year. Turn out for/up for/ up to/ up at – Acudir More than 1.000 people turned out for the concert last night.
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Break off – Desprenderse Look at that mountain, it’s breaking off! Bump into – Chocar, encontrarse con If you happen to bump into Mark, tell him I won’t be able to pick him up later. Call for – Requerir Working as a police calls for a lot of courage. Call on – Apelar, recurrir The team had to call on their best player to win the match even though he was injured. Come about – Suceder I’ve been waiting ages for this to come about. Come across – Encontrarse con I was supposed to go to the gym but I came across my friend George and we decided to go bowling instead. Come along – Progresar I’m coming along really well with all the stuff I have to do today. Come forward – Dar un paso al frente If anyone knows who broke the window, please come forward and tell the truth. Cut down – Reducir I really need to cut down the amount of pizza I’m eating lately. Date back – Datar, remontarse Problems between us date back more than ten years ago.
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Develop into – Convertirse en We should help children to develop themselves into good readers. Draw up – Redactar, planear I couldn’t start working yet because my boss is still drawing up my contract. End up – Terminar If we carry on walking this way, we may end up totally lost. Fed up with – Estar harto de I’m fed up with your behaviour! Feel up to + ing – Sentirse con fuerza, ánimos Do you feel up to climbing that massive tree over there? Go ahead – Seguir adelante, llevar a cabo The meeting will go ahead according with the plan. Go off – Estropearse This beef has gone off. Go out – Salir de fiesta Why didn’t you go out last night? It was the best party ever! Go over – Analizar We should go over the differences in our company’s employees. Go through - Sufrir All we went through together will make us stronger. Hold up – Retrasar The train was held up 2 hours, it was a nightmare!
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Let down – Decepcionar I promise I won’t let you down. Look after – Cuidar Tom won’t be able to come to the party because he’s got to look after his cousin. Name after – Llamarse por Graham was named after his father. Peel off – Pelar I got burned the other day and my skin is starting to peel off. Point out – Puntualizar I would like to point out how beautiful you look today. Pop up – Aparecer de repente My father popped up at home after 3 months working in Paris. Pull down – Derribar That building is being pulled down after 100 years. Put down – Achacar The mark Beth got in her exam was put down to the fact that she didn’t study enough time. Pull through – Recuperarse Everyone thought he wasn’ t going to make it but he is pulling through really fast. Put forward – Proponer, ofrecerse Does anyone want to put himself forward to do this job? Run into – Encontrarse con
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I ran into my brother yesterday at the university. Stand out – Sobresalir Learning languages will help you to stand out over the rest of the people. Settle down – Establecerse, asentarse I wanted to get married but my girlfriend wasn’t ready to settle down. Sort out – Ordenar Sorting out my suitcase after having been on holidays is really boring. Take over – Tomar el relevo The main shop in town has been taken over by a famous person. Take up – Empezar a hacer algo (hobby) I’m taking up judo next week. Turn down – Rechazar We got turned down of the nightclub because of we are 17 years old. Work out – Resolver Could you help me to work out the solution of this problem? Wear out – Agotar, estar exhausto I c an’t walk anymore. I’m worn out!
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Dependent prepositions son aquellas que van ligadas a un verbo independientemente
del contexto en el que se encuentren. Es decir, siempre van a ir de la mano. ¿Por qué son importantes para el Use of English? Tened en cuenta que si en el examen, por ejemplo en la parte 4, ponemos cualquiera de estos verbos con otra preposición que no sea exactamente la que os pongo a continuación el ejercicio pasa a estar mal. También es tremendamente útil para la parte 2, donde tenemos que rellenar los espacios con la palabra que nosotros creamos que es correcta sin tener ninguna pista. Pues bien, si nos encontramos con uno de estos verbos antes del espacio ya sabremos automáticamente que preposición tenemos que poner. Así que sí, nos los tenemos que aprender de memoria. En esta ocasión no hago distinción entre nivel B2 y C1 porque considero que hay que saberse cada uno de ellos estemos en el nivel que estemos, ya que nos puede caer cualquiera en cualquier momento. Agree with – Estar de acuerdo con I agree with you, this soup sucks. Along with –Conjuntamente con Informative letters will be sent along with the envelope. Apart from – Aparte de Apart from football, playing tennis is my favourite sport. Apologise for – Disculparse por I wanted to apologise for my behaviour last night. I was really upset. Apply for – Aplicar por, solicitar por When I finish my degree, I will start applying for jobs. Approve of – Aprobar que I don’t approve of you going out tonight.
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Associate with – Asociar con Are there any stories you associate with your town? Believe in – Creer en I consider myself a religious person. I believe in God. Belong to – Pertenecer a I love you Alicia! I belong to you! Complain about – Quejarse de/sobre Could you please stop complaining about everything? It’s really annoying. Congratulate on – Felicitar, congratular I wanted to congratulate you on your new scientific breakthrough. Collision with – Chocar, colisionar con Turn to the left if you don’t want to collision with that wall! Count on – Contar con Can I count on you coming to my party next Saturday? Deal with - Lidiar con You have no choice but to deal with it. Decision/decide on – Dedicir sobre Hurry up! We’ve got to make a decision on what we are wearing to the meeting. Due to – Debido a I ’ll never win the lottery due to the fact that I never play it. Excuse for – Perdonar por Excuse me for having been so rude last night, I didn’t mean to.
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In comparison with/to – with/to – En comparación con I am really strong in comparison with my father since he is really fat! Insist on – on – Insistir en Don’t insist on me going to wat ch ch the race horse, I already have plans for today. Invest in – in – Invertir en I’ve thought of getting rich by investing in your company . Laugh at – at – Reirse de What are you laughing at? Lead to – to – Guiar a I was just wondering where this way would lead us to. Listen to – to – Escuchar a Listen to me and stop messing around! Object to – to – Objetar a Stop objecting to all I’m saying! Opt for – – Optar for I don’t like those jeans. I will opt for buying the ones I tr ied before. Participate in – in – Participar en Are you going to participate in the lifting competition competition next month? Pay for – – Pagar por I had to pay for the damage I caused to that building. Prepare for – – Prepararse para Winter is coming. We need to prepare ourselves for it.
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Prevent/protect from – from – Prevenir, proteger de This liquid prevents you from being bitten by insects. Provide with – with – Proveer con She was provided with a few souvenirs at the party. Punish for – – Castigar por Mel was punished for her bad behaviour yesterday. Remind of – – Recordar Remind me of throwing away the old cutlery later. Otherwise I will forget it again! Rely on – on – Depender de I rely on you to finish this work, please, help me out! Spend on – on – Gastar en I don’t want want to spend my money on that stupid device. Succeed in – in – Tener éxito en I finally succeeded in creating my English blog! Thank for – – Dar las gracias por I would like to thank you for saving the last piece of chicken. It is my favourite food! Wait for – – Esperar What are you waiting for? Warn about – about – Advertir sobre I’ve got to warn you about the dangers of cycling during the night. Worry about – about – Preocuparse por Don’t worry about sorting the washing out, I’ll do it later.
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En esta parte del examen, considero básico conocer tres puntos clave que os paso a explicar y que son esenciales para su correcta realización. La gramática más avanzada y aplicable a todas las partes del examen la tenéis explicada en mi blog. 1. DIRECT AND REPORTED SPEECH
Básicamente, cuando queremos contar o comunicar lo que otra persona ha dicho, en inglés utilizamos lo que se llama el Direct Speech o el Reported Speech. ¿Cuál es la diferencia? Bien, en el Direct Speech reproducimos exactamente las palabras que dicha persona ha dicho, colocándolo entre comillas y palabra por palabra, mientras que en el Reported Speech no. ¿Por qué es importante conocerlo? Porque en esta parte del examen se nos pide continuamente que pasemos la f rase de un estilo a otro, y para ello debemos conocer cómo hacerlo adecuadamente. Aunque si lo pensamos tiene lógica, existen una serie de normas que os podéis aprender de memoria y que os cuento a continuación en las siguientes tablas. - Expresiones de tiempo From
To
Direct Speech
Reported Speech
Today.
That day.
Tonight.
Last night.
This week/moth/year.
That week/month/year.
Next week/month/year.
The following week/month/year.
Last week/month/year
The week/month/year before.
Yesterday.
The day before or the previous day.
Tomorrow.
The next day.
Now.
Then or at that moment.
Here.
There.
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- Tiempos verbales From
To
Direct Speech
Reported Speech
Present Simple
Past Simple
“I live in Madrid”.
He said (that) he lived in Madrid.
Present Continuous
Past Continuous
“I am watching television”.
He said (that) he was watching television.
Past Simple
Past Perfect
“I went to the gym yesterday”.
He said (that) he had gone to the gym the previous day.
Present Perfect
Past Perfect
“I’ve had pasta for lunch”.
He said (that) he had had pasta for lunch.
Past Perfect
Past Perfect
“I had gone to the gym yesterday”.
He said (that) he had gone to the gym the previous day.
Past Continuous
Past Perfect Continuous
“I was working hard lately”.
He said (that) he had been working hard lately.
Present Perfect Continuous
Past Perfect Continuous
“I’ve been living in England for one year”.
He said (that) he had been living in England for one year.
Past Perfect Continuous
Past Perfect Continuous
“I had been practising football for ages”.
He said (that) he had been practising football for ages.
Will
Would
“I will get angry if you carry on talking”.
He said (that) he would get angry if I carried on talking.
Can
Could
“I can help you”.
He said (that) he could help me.
May
Might
“I may go to the cinema”.
He said (that) he might go to the cinema.
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Must/Have to
Had to
“I must/have to eat all my dinner”.
He said (that) he had to eat all his dinner.
Would/Could/Might/Should/Ought to
Would/Could/Might/Ought to
“I Would/Could/Might/Should/Ought to eat
He said that he Would/Could/Might/
all my dinner”.
Should/ Ought to eat all his dinner”.
2. CONDITIONALS
Son normalmente usados para hablar de posible eventos futuros y sus consecuencias. Existen cuatro tipos y debemos de conocer la estructura de todos ellos: - Zero conditional Se le llama zero porque no es realmente un condicional ya que ambos eventos ocurren. Estructura: If + (1) present simple, (2) present simple If I don’t go to bed early, I am so tired the next day.
- First conditional Usado para hablar sobre posibles eventos futuros si algo ocurre. Estructura: If + (1) present simple, (2) future with will If I pass my exam, I will be the happiest man alive! - Second conditional
Usado para hablar sobre situaciones improbables o imposibles. Estructura: If + (1) past simple, (2) would, could, might If we won the tournament, I would give 20 euros to everyone in the team.
*Con el verbo To be, se utiliza were independientemente de la persona: If I were you, I would give up smoking.
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- Third conditional Usado para especular sobre el pasado. Estructura: If + (1) past perfect, (2) would have, could have, might have + past participle If I had been rich, I could have travelled all around the world. 3. HAVE/GET SOMETHING DONE
Esta es otra de las estructuras típicas, y que si os entra en el examen estaréis de suerte, ya que es bastante sencilla. En castellano, cuando queremos decir por ejemplo que nos vamos a cortar el pelo o que vamos a lavar el coche, lo decimos en primera persona aunque no seamos nosotros mismos los que nos vamos a cortar el pelo o lavar el coche, sino que lo va a hacer una tercera persona por nosotros. En inglés, sin embargo, se utiliza de una forma diferente: Estructura: Get/Have + object + past participle. I am going to have/get my hair cut.
Si traducimos literalmente sería “voy a tener mi pelo cortado” . Sí, sé que en castellano suena bastante confuso, pero es así. Como veis, es muy sencillo y bastante frecuente en esta parte del examen. Podéis utilizar get o have indistintamente ya que el significado no varía.
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Una vez conocidas una serie de reglas básicas para afrontar el Key Word Transformation con garantías, en cuanto a la gramática básica a utilizar se refiere, os presento un listado de todas las expresiones que debemos conocer para realizar con éxito dicha parte del examen. Las he separado en dos niveles según se ajusten más en dificultad a un nivel B2 o C1, lo que no quiere decir que nos podamos encontrar ciertas expresiones en un nivel u otro, pero lo más normal es que se atengan a esta clasificación.
As far as I know – Por lo que yo se As far as I know, the kick off is at 3:30pm. As long as – Siempre y cuando I’m allowed to watch TV tonight as long as I finish my homework first. As well as – Además de We’ll go to the mountain as well as the beach this summer. Better/Worse than I expected – Mejor/Peor de lo que me esperaba The film was much better than I expected. Break down in tears – Romper en lágrimas . Sarah broke down in tear s when she realised she’d failed her driving test. By the time - Para cuando I’ll be gone by the time you get up in the morning . Carry on – Continuar I will carry on getting up at 07:00 next month even though I will go on holidays.
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Dreams come true – Los sueños se hacen realidad If you work hard, dreams always come true. Feel like + ing – Apetecer I feel like eating an ice cream but I can’t because I’m going on a diet . Give consideration – Pensar sobre algo I will give consideration to the plan you proposed me last night. Have little/no difficulty in – No tener dificultad en Paula had no difficulty in passing her English test. Have/keep/get something under control – Tener algo bajo control I find quite hard having my skis under control. I’d rather – Preferiría Would you like to have a drink? No, thanks. I’d rather eat! I regret not + ing – Lamento no I regret not studying more when I was at college. In order to – Con el fin de I want to study English in order to become an English teacher in the future. In terms of – En términos de It will be difficult to go ahead with the project in terms of money. It is worth + ing – Merece la pena After all we got through, it was worth going to Brazil, wasn’t it? Just in case – Por si acaso I’m going to pick up my clothes just in case it rains this afternoon.
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Keep in touch – Estar en contacto Don’t forget to keep in touch for our meeting next week! Likely to result in – Probable que resulte en Failing this exam is likely to result in me giving up my degree because I won’t be able to pay the fee next year. Make an impression on – Causar una impresión en Did I make a good impression on you when we first met? Make sense – Tener sentido What are you talking about? That doesn’t make sense! Make up your mind – Aclararse, decidirse If you can’t make up your mind about what hat you want, just pick up the red one! On the point of – En el momento de, a punto de I was on the point of leaving the restaurant when it started snowing. On your own – Por tu cuenta I’m not allowed to go abroad ow n my on because I’m too young . Pay attention to – Prestar atención a Nobody is paying attention to what the teacher is saying. See no point in – No verle la razón a I see no point in going to the mountain instead of the beach in summer. Take by surprise – Tomar por sorpresa I took my girlfriend by surprise with an incredible birthday present. Take ages – Tardar años
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It’s going to take me ages to tidy my room because it is a mess right now. Take care – Cuidar I love taking care of my sister, she is so lovely! There is no comparison – No hay comparación There is no comparison between you and your brother. You are definitely smarter. To be allowed – Estar permitido Reading aloud is not allowed in the library. To be keen on – Estar aficionado a I’m very keen on cycling lately. To be on good terms with – Llevarse bien con I’m starting to be on really good terms with you! To be praised – Ser alabado Julian was praised for scoring a hat-trick. To be willing – Estar dispuesto I was wondering if you would be willing to climb that tree and get me that ball.
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Advise against – Advertir en contra de Adrián advised me against doing my exam in the paper version. All comes down to – Todo se reduce a If you think it through, all comes down to live your own life. Brief dip in – Breve bajón en We had a brief dip in our shop but we’ll carry on with it. Come as a disappointment – Venir como una decepción Failing my exam came as a disappointment to me because I was expecting to pass it. Come into view – Saltar a la vista Didn’t you realise we were going to lose the match? It came into view! Come round to the idea – Hacerse a la idea We are moving out so come round to the idea of it. Come to terms – Llegar a un acuerdo We negotiated for hours but finally we came to terms with the company. Don’t hesitate to give us a call – No dudes en llamarnos If you have any issues with the installat ion, don’t hesitate to give as a call. Feel the effects of – Sentir los efectos de Farmers are feeling the effects of the bad weather in their economy. Gain entry/access – Entrar, acceder We forgot our keys inside our house so we had to gain access through the window. Get something across someone – Hacer entender
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How could I get it across him that I don’t want to watch that horrible film! Give a faultless performance – Dar un rendimiento impecable I was expecting Luke’s failure last night. Surprisingly, he gave a faultless performance. Hand in my notice – Entregar por escrito (una baja, dimisión de un trabajo). I handed in my notice to my boss last nigth. Have any objection to someone – Tener alguna objeción sobre alguien Do you have any objection to Emma sleeping over tonight? Have any recollection of – No tener ningún recuerdo de What are you talking about? I don’t have any recollection of doing that! Have every intention of – Tener toda la intención de I have every intention of giving up on my degree. I mean it! Have no choice but to – No tener elección excepto We don’t have enough players to play the match so we have no choice but to call it off. Highly likely – Altamente probable It’s highly likely I go to the concert tomorrow. However hard you try – Por mucho que trates However hard I tried to lift the 30kg weight at the gym, I didn’t even move it! However well you think – Por muy bien que creas Double check your answer before sending it, however well you think you know it. Huge increase – Fuerte aumento It’s been a huge increase in the amount of books I sold this year. I can’t believe my eyes – No puedo creer lo que ven mis ojos
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I couldn’t believe my eyes when I saw Sarah making out with Josh! If you happen to – Si por casualidad If you ever happen to come to Madrid, give me a call! In the public eye – En la opinion pública Famous people have to be always in the public eye, I don’t know how they can handle it! In the unlikely event – En el caso improbable In the unlikely event that I go out tonight, I’ll wear my new shirt. It is ages since – Hace años que It is ages since I didn’t have cottage pie and I used to love it! It is high time – Ya es hora de It was high time Oscar made up his mind about his future. It is in someone’s interest – Está en el interés de alguien It’s in the coach’s interest to play a match abroad so that the players can get used to the weather. It remains to be seen – Queda por ver I’ve just done my exam. Now , it remains to be seen whether I ’ll pass it or not. It was weeks before – Fue semanas antes It was weeks before you got here that I lost my purse. Just as much fun + ing as it is +ing – Tan divertida es una cosa como la otra It is just as much fun singing in the shower as it is doing the same onstage! Keep a low profile – Intentar no ser detectado, pasar desapercibido Be quiet! I’m trying to keep a low profile here…
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Keep his word – Mantener la palabra Harry promised me he would get his hair shaved if we won the league. I didn’t believe him but he finally kept his word. Keep me posted – Mantenme informado I don’t know what time you have to pick me up at t he airport because my flight got delayed so I’ ll keep you posted with any news. Live it down – Superar la vergüenza I feel so awful about what I did to Claire yesterday. I think she will never live it down. Live up to someone’s expectations – Colmar las expectativas, estar a la altura The new playstation videogame lived up to Gareth’s expectations. Lose/keep track of – Perder/no perder la pista Where did you go last night after the concert? I lost track of you! Make a name for oneself – Hacerse un nombre I never imagined Marc would make a name for himself in the world of music. Make a point of – Apuntar I forgot how to do the new exercise we learnt last week at school! I should have made a point of it. Make a recovery – Recuperarse However, after all the problems, we can make a recovery. Make all the difference – Marcar toda la diferencia Messi is amazingly good. He always makes all the difference. Make no difference – No marcar la diferencia It makes no difference to me where I sit on the cinema.
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Make someone’s getaway – Escaparse The burglars made their getaway by stealing a car. Make your mark - Dejar huella I’m going to try to make my mark in this company. Meet with the disapproval – Encontrarse con la desaprobación Ciara wanted to go to the mountain with her friends but she met with the disapproval of her parents so she couldn’t go. Much to my delight – Para mi deleite Much to my delight, I got the best mark in the whole university . Much to my horror – Para mi horror There was a horrible accident in town last night. Much to our horror, we could see the blood on the floor. Objected to what I was – Objetar sobre lo que estaba The teacher objected to what I was doing. And I was just falling asleep! On no account – Bajo ninguna circunstancia On no account should you leave me alone here. On some occasions – En algunas ocasiones On some occasions, I feel as if I was wasting my time studying French. On the grounds of/that – Bajo el argumento de He went cycling to school on the grounds that he didn’t feel like walking. On the recommendation of – Bajo la recomendación de I got these amazing headphones on the recommendation of my brother. Out of the question – Fuera de discusión
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You are not going to Ibiza on holidays! It’s out of the question! Overall responsibility for – Toda la responsabilidad I’m rather important in my job because I’ve got overall responsibility for taking care of 3 years old children. Place/put the blame on – Echar la culpa a Hannah put the blame on me about the disappeared cheese and I know she ate it! Quick action on the part of – Rápida acción por parte de Quick action on the part of Tracey prevented Wayne from being run over. Rack my brains – Devanarse los sesos I can’t figure out how to do this math test even though I am racking my brains. Reach a peak – Alcanzar un pico The value of this enterprise reached a high peak last month. Remain stable – Permanecer estable The productivity has remained stable this year. Sharp increase in – Fuerte aumento de It’s been a sharp increase in the amount of people going abroad on holidays this year. Show complete/total disregard for – Mostrar total indiferencia/ desconsideración I know she doesn’t care about her academic year because she is showing complete disregard for it. Steep fall in – Fuerte caída en It’s been a steep fall in the amount of people going to the beach because of the weather. Take aback by – Tomar por sorpresa
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I was taken aback by my mother when I was watching a film I shouldn’t on TV . Take as a whole – Tomado como un todo If we take this as a whole, the film we watched yesterday was not too bad. Take into consideration/account – Tener en cuenta Take into account all the details of the phone you want before buying it. Take it for granted – Darlo por hecho Mozzarela on your pizza? Take it for granted! Take notice of – Tomar nota de Bran didn’t take notice of what the teacher was saying. Take responsibility – Tomar responsabilidad You are already 30, you should take responsibility of your own decisions. Take someone into – Convencer a alguien de It’s going to be hard but I want to take my mother into lift ing weights. Take the blame – Asumir la culpa I will take the blame. I have to say it was me the one who got the food burned. Take the wrong turn/turning – Ir por la vía errónea, mal camino This is not the road we were supposed to be. We must have taken the wrong turn. Take your point – Entiendo tu punto de vista I don’t think the same but I take your point. There is little question – No hay duda Ronaldo will score goals eventually. There is little question about that. There is no knowing – Imposible de estar seguro sobre algo
28
There is no knowing about what Elsa will do next year at her work. There is no room for – No hay sitio para My desk is full of paper. There is no room for anything else! There is no such thing as – No hay tal cosa como Are you looking for a chocolate pizza? There is no such thing as that. There needs to be – Es necesario que haya This team plays worse each day. There needs to be new players next season. To be at a loss to – Estar sin poder explicarse Tom was at a loss to explain how he managed to solve the situation. To be capable of – Ser capaz de You can definitely pass your exam. I know you are capable of doing it. To be highly spoken – Tener buena reputación My company is highly spoken since I started working with them. To be in no doubt – No tener ninguna duda I feel I will win the lottery eventually. I’m in no doubt about that. To be in someone’s shoes – Estar en la situación de alguien I would hate being in Marta’s shoes today, she’s got to work 10 hours. To be made responsible – Ser hecho responsable It’s unfair the fact that I was made responsible for the disgusting food. I didn’t cook it! To be on the lookout for – Estar alerta You should be on the lookout for your baggage at any time at the airport. To be taken for granted – No ser valorado
29
I hate being taken for granted by my family. To be thought of as – Ser considerado como I would like to be thought of as a rock star when I die. To be weak at – Ser malo en Spanish people are very weak at speaking languages. Under no circumstances – Bajo ninguna circunstancia Under no circumstances should you wear that horrible suit to my wedding! Was of no consequence – Carecía de importancia The new company’s web site was of no consequence to the majority of its customers. With the exception of – Con la excepción de Everyone was at the party with the exception of my boss.
30
Al igual que hice con la parte de Key Word Transformation, aquí os dejo una serie de expresiones que suelen entrar en esta parte del examen, de manera que según las veamos en el examen las vamos a poner de manera automática. En esta ocasión tampoco hay distinción entre nivel B2 y nivel C1, aunque considero que muchas de ellas son de un nivel bastante avanzado. A matter of time – Cuestión de tiempo It is only a matter of time before the government change the law again. A means by which – Un medio por el cual John recommended me laughing as a means by which I can chill out. Against the law – En contra de la ley You realise what you are doing right now is against the law, don’t you? All in all – En términos generales, a fin de cuentas All in all, I reckon this is the best way to pass the exam. As a result – Como resultado We didn’t win the match last Sunday. As a result, we spent the whole Monday watching videos about what we did wrong. As might be expected – Como cabría esperar As might be expected, FC Barcelona won all the trophies this season. As part of – Como parte/miembro de Susan will be onstage as part of the winner party. At a time – A la vez
31
According with the cooking instructions, you are not allowed to put two potatoes in the microwave at a time. At its height – En su apogeo Spain used to be an excellent country at its height. At that time – Por aquella época At that time, I used to go to college every day. At this point – A estas alturas At this point, we should be arriving at the airport tomorrow night. Bear in mind – Tener en cuenta Bearing in mind I didn’t study at all I’m happy with the mark I got. Brace yourself – Agárrate, prepárate Brace yourself! We are about to see the most beautiful landscape in the world. But nor should – Pero tampoco debería They are really tired, but nor should it be an excuse to lie down on the floor. By chance – De casualidad I found out about your website by chance. By no means – De ninguna manera It is by no means uncommon to have a farewell party when someone goes away for a long time. By the early twentieth century – A principios del siglo 20 By the early twentieth century, the wheel was invented. During which – Durante los cuales I spent five months at school during which I wasted my time.
32
Either way – De cualquier manera I don’t feel like going on holidays this summer. Either way, I haven’t got enough money to do it. Ever since – Desde que Ever since I get up early in the morning I feel more energetic . Every other way – En todo lo demás, en cualquier otro aspecto Even though he was English and I was Spanish, we were the same in every other way. For a long time to come – Por mucho tiempo, a largo plazo Jason expects to be working with his company for a long time to come. For some…for others… - Para unos.. .para otros… For some, Jesse is really charming. For others, he is just an arrogant boy. From a personal point of view – Desde un punto de vista personal From a personal point of view, I’d say those jeans are much more like you. From time to time – De vez en cuando I love going for a run from time to time. Get your heart pumping – Bombear el corazón Brace yourself because this movie is going to get your heart pumping. Give a test run – Hacer una prueba The company is about to launch a new product but they still need to give it a test run. Hardly anyone – Casi nadie Hardly anyone went to Romeo’s party last night . In addition to this – Además de esto
33
We are going to visit New York within two weeks. In addition to this, we will go California next year as well. In no time at all – En cuestión de segundos Jacob was walking down the street in a sunny day when, in no time at all, it started raining. Instead of – En lugar de I’d rather go cycling to work instead of taking the car. Keep going – Continuar Come on! Never give up! Keep going! Many of whom – Muchos de los cuales Chelsea’s fans, many of whom had got their ticket for a high price, got disappointed with the score of the match. On board – A bordo Be careful with that car, it’s got a child on board. On the outskirts – A las afueras You’re so lucky living on the outskirts because it’s r eally busy in the town centre! Pull yourself together –Recobrar la compostura Stop regretting! Pull yourself together and go for it! Push oneself – Esforzarte, obligarte I’ve got to push myself to do my homework right now! Rather than – Más que I was late for school because I decided to walk rather than take the bus. Risk life and limb – Arriesgar la vida
34
The fireman risked life and limb to get the baby out of the fir e. Safe and sound – Sano y salvo My son had a car accident last night but, fortunately, he is safe and sound. Set a fire – Hacer un fuego It’s so cold here, let’s set a fire, shall we? To be what it was – Ser lo que era I don’t like listening to pop music anymore. It’s not what it was. What this means – Lo que esto significa I will turn 18 tomorrow. What this means is that I will be allowed to drink alcohol!
35
Open cloze es, como sabéis, la parte número 2 del Use of English y consiste en rellenar con la palabra que creamos que mejor encaja un total de 8 huecos en un texto. Si prestamos atención, vemos que siempre se repiten las mismas palabras una y otra vez. Las he recopilado para que las tengáis todas en cuenta de manera que en conjunción con todas las expresiones, phasal verbs y dependent prepositions que os he dejado anteriormente hagáis esta parte perfecta. Con práctica vais a ver que es más que posible. *Los verbos pueden entrar en cualquiera de sus tiempos verbales. Pongo solo el infinitivo para no hacer la lista interminable.
A, Able, About, After, Against, Ago, All, Along, Although, Among, Amount, An, And, Another, Any, Anything, Apart, As, At. Back, Because, Become, Before, Best, Better, Between, Big, But, By. Call, Can, Case, Come, Could. Despite, Do, Down, Due, During. Each, Either, Enough, Even, Every, Everyone. Fail, Far, Few, For, Forward, From. Get, Give, Great. Have, Her, Herself, Himself, His, How. If, In, Into, It, Its, Itself. Just. Keep. Last, Less, Like, Little, Long. Make, Many, May, Might, Mind, Mine, More, Most, Much, Must, Myself.
36
Neither, No, Nobody, Nor, Not, Nothing, Number. Of, Off, On, One, Only, Or, Other, Our, Ourselves, Out, Over. Rather. Same, Set, Should, Since, So, Some, Such. Take, Than, That, The, Their, Them, Themselves, Then, There, These, This, Though, Time, To, To be, Too. Up. Well, What, When, Where, Whether, Which, Who, Whom, Whose, Why, With, Without, Would. Yet, Your, Yourself, Yourselves. Wear.
37
La parte 3 del examen llamada “Word Formation” requiere de un vocabulario
extremadamente amplio. Es por eso que yo os he facilitado el camino con ejemplos reales de palabras que nos podemos encontrar en el examen. Puede que algunas palabras se puedan encontrar en ambos niveles, pero creo que la clasificación es bastante realista. Sé que es una lista muy muy larga y me preguntaréis ¿Tengo que saberme todos? Lo que os puedo responder es que cada uno sabrá el tiempo que tiene para estudiar, pero yo sin ninguna duda sí lo haría. Tened en cuenta que muchas de las palabras ya las conocéis, solo es necesario que sepáis como hacer ese pequeño cambio, ese sufijo o prefijo que te haga dar en la tecla con la palabra correcta que necesitas. En mis exámenes, tanto en el B2 como del C1, todas las palabras que tuve que poner se encontraban en esta lista. ¿Mereció la pena pues estudiársela? Desde luego. Esto no quiere decir que aquí estén todas las palabras posibles que vayan a entrar, pero estoy convencido de que muchas de ellas si estarán con un alto porcentaje de probabilidad. La elección es vuestra.
Palabra Base
Palabra Derivada
Traducción
Able
Ability
Habilidad
Inability
Inhabilidad
Enable
Activar
Unable
Incapaz
Accident
Accidentally
Accidentalmente
Achieve
Achievement
Logro
Active
Activity
Actividad
Add
Addition
Adición
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Addition
Additional
Adicional
Agree
Agreement
Acuerdo
Agriculture
Agricultural
Agrícola
Amaze
Amazement
Asombro
America
American
Americano
Analyse
Analysis
Análisis
Angry
Anger
Ira
Annual
Annually
Anualmente
Anxiety
Anxious
Ansioso
Appear
Appearance
Apariencia
Arrive
Arrival
Llegada
Assist
Assistance
Asistencia
Attract
Attraction
Atracción
Attractive
Atractivo
Believe
Unbelievable
Increíble
Bitter
Bitterly
Amargamente
Breath
Breathless
Jadeante
Cancel
Cancellation
Cancelación
Care
Careless
Descuidado
Challenge
Challenging
Desafiante
Character
Characteristic
Característico
Cheer
Cheerfully
Alegremente
39
Choose
Choice
Elección
Clear
Unclear
Confuso
Coast
Coastal
Costero
Comfort
Comfortable
Cómodo
Uncomfortable
Incómodo
Comfortably
Cómodamente
Communicate
Communication
Comunicación
Compete
Competitive
Competitivo
Competitor
Competidor
Concentrate
Concentration
Concentración
Conclude
Conclusion
Conclusión
Connect
Connection
Conexión
Conscious
Consciously
Conscientemente
Unconsciously
Inconscientemente
Consequence
Consequently
Consecuentemente
Consider
Considerably
Considerablemente
Convince
Unconvinced
Desconfiado
Crowd
Crowded
Abarrotado
Overcrowded
Abarrotado
Cycle
Cyclist
Ciclista
Danger
Dangerous
Peligroso
Decide
Decision
Decisión
40
Delight
Delightful
Encantador
Descend
Descent
Empeoramiento
Describe
Description
Descripción
Different
Difference
Diferencia
Direct
Director
Director
Doubt
Doubtful
Dudoso
Earn
Earning
Poder adquisitivo
Easy
Ease
Facilidad
Easily
Facilmente
Economy
Economic
Económico
Efficiency
Efficient
Eficiente
Employ
Employee
Empleado
Employment
Empleo
Unemployment
Desempleo
Energy
Energetic
Energético
Enjoy
Enjoyable
Agradable
Enthusiasm
Enthusiastic
Entusiasta
Entire
Entirety
Totalidad
Equal
Equally
Igualmente
Equip
Equipment
Equipamiento
Evenly
Unevenly
Desigualmente
Exhaust
Exhausting
Agotador
41
Exist
Existence
Existencia
Expand
Expansion
Expansión
Explore
Exploration
Exploración
Extent
Extensive
Amplio
Extreme
Extremely
Extremadamente
Fashion
Fashionable
Novedoso
Fit
Fitness
Forma física
Fly
Flight
Vuelo
Food
Feeding
Alimentación
Fortunate
Unfortunately
Desafortunadamente
Fortunately
Afortunadamente
Freezing
Congelado
Frozen
Congelado
Frequent
Frequently
Frecuentemente
Friend
Friendliness
Amistad
Friendship
Amistad
Friendly
Amistoso
Grow
Growth
Crecimiento
Harm
Harmful
Dañino
Health
Healthy
Saludable
Unhealthy
Insaludable
Height
Altura
Freeze
High
42
Highly
Altamente
History
Historian
Historiador
Home
Homeless
Vagabundo
Hope
Hopeful
Prometedor
Hot
Heat
Calor
Identity
Identified
Idenfiticado
Ill
Illness
Enfermedad
Important
Importance
Importancia
Impress
Impressive
Impresionante
Improve
Improvement
Mejora
Increase
Increasingly
Cada vez más
Incredible
Incredibly
Increíblemente
Industry
Industrial
Industrial
Inhabit
Inhabitant
Habitante
Know
Knowledge
Conocimiento
Unknown
Desconocido
Labour
Labourer
Peón
Like
Unlike
A diferencia de
Likely
Unlikely
Improbable
Limit
Limiting
Limitante
Live
Living
Viviente
Locate
Location
Localización
43
Lonely
Loneliness
Soledad
Lose
Loss
Pérdida
Mad
Madness
Locura
Marry
Marriage
Matrimonio
Marvel
Marvelous
Maravilloso
Meet
Meeting
Reunión
Member
Membership
Membresía
Minimum
Minimise
Minimizar
Mystery
Mysterious
Misterioso
Motion
Motionless
Quieto
Nerve
Nervous
Nervioso
Noise
Noisy
Ruidoso
Object
Objective
Objetivo
Occupy
Occupation
Ocupación
Ordinary
Extraordinary
Extraordinario
Original
Originality
Originalidad
Originally
Originalmente
Particular
Particularly
Particularmente
Peace
Peaceful
Pacífico
Perform
Performer
Artista
Performance
Actuación
Personality
Personalidad
Person
44
Pleasant
Unpleasant
Desagradable
Please
Pleasure
Placer
Poison
Poisonous
Venenoso
Popular
Popularity
Popular
Possible
Impossible
Imposible
Possibility
Posibilidad
Power
Powerful
Poderoso
Practise
Practical
Práctico
Press
Pressure
Presión
Proof
Prove
Probar
Disprove
Desmentir
Punctuality
Puntualidad
Punctually
Puntualmente
Rain
Rainfall
Cascada
Reason
Reasonable
Razonable
Recognise
Recognition
Reconocimiento
Recommend
Recommendation
Recomendación
Refer
Reference
Referencia
Regular
Regularly
Regularmente
Relative
Relatively
Relativamente
Relief
Relieve
Aliviar
Rely
Reliable
Fiable
Punctual
45
Remark
Remarkable
Impresionante
Remind
Reminder
Recordatorio
Repeat
Repeatedly
Repetidamente
Respond
Response
Respuesta
Rough
Roughly
Aproximadamente
Safe
Safety
Seguridad
Science
Scientific
Científico (método)
Scientist
Científico (persona)
Sense
Sensitive
Sensible
Sleep
Asleep
Dormido
Solve
Solution
Solución
Storm
Stormy
Tempestuoso
Succeed
Success
Éxito
Suffer
Suffering
Dolorido
Suitable
Unsuitable
Inadecuado
Surprise
Surprising
Sorprendentemente
Surround
Surrounding
Envolvente
Temporary
Temporarily
Temporalmente
Tour
Tourist
Turista
Tourism
Turismo
Tradition
Traditional
Tradicional
Tropic
Tropical
Tropical
46
True
Truly
Verdaderamente
Usual
Unusual
Inusual
Vary
Variety
Variedad
Visit
Visitor
Visitante
Warm
Warmth
Calor
Wealth
Wealthy
Rico
Weigh
Weight
Peso
Wind
Windy
Ventoso
47
Palabra Base
Palabra Derivada
Traducción
Accept
Acceptable
Aceptable
Unacceptable
Inaceptable
Access
Accesible
Accesible
Accident
Accidental
Fortuito
Accord
According
De acuerdo
Action
Transaction
Transacción
Adapt
Adaptable
Flexible
Addict
Addiction
Adicción
Administrate
Administrative
Administrativo
Admire
Admiration
Admiración
Advance
Advances
Avances
Advancements
Avances
Affection
Affectionately
Afectivamente
Afford
Affordable
Asequible
Agent
Agency
Agencia
Alter
Alternative
Alternativo
Alternate
Alternatively
Alternativamente
Announce
Unannounced
Inesperado
Annoy
Annoyance
Molestia
Anticipate
Anticipation
Anticipación
48
Appeal
Appealing
Atractivo
Unappealing
Poco atractivo
Appear
Apparently
Aparentemente
Apply
Applicable
Aplicable
Appropriate
Inappropriately
Inapropiadamente
Approve
Approval
Aprobación
Aspire
Aspiration
Aspiración
Assume
Assumption
Suposición
Astonish
Astonishing
Increíble
Astonished
Estupefacto
Astonishingly
Extraordinariamente
Atmosphere
Atmospheric
Evocador, atmosférico
Attach
Attachment
Anexo
Audio
Audible
Audible
Aware
Awareness
Conciencia
Awe
Awesome
Sublime
Balance
Unbalanced
Desequilibrado
Bear
Bearing
Modales
Begin
Beginner
Principiante
Believe
Unbelievably
Increíblemente
Unbelievable
Increíble
Beneficial
Beneficioso
Benefit
49
Break
Breakthrough
Descubrimiento
Broad
Breadth
Anchura
Capture
Captivity
Cautividad
Category
Categorization
Categorización
Cautio n
Cautiously
Precavidamente
Precaution
Precaución
Celebrate
Celebrity
Celebridad
Censor
Censorship
Censura
Centre
Central
Central
Choose
Chosen
Elegido
Cinema
Cinematic
Cinematográfico
Civilise
Civilisation
Civilización
Clear
Clarify
Clarificar
Click
Clicking
Chasquido
Close
Disclose
Divulgar
Collect
Collection
Colección
Come
Overcome
Derrotar
Comfort
Discomfort
Malestar
Commerce
Commercial
Comercial
Communicate
Communicator
Comunicador
Company
Accompanied
Acompañado
Compare
Comparably
Comparablemente
50
Comparison
Comparación
Complacent
Complacency
Complaciencia
Complete
Completion
Terminación
Complicate
Complication
Complicación
Conceive
Conceivable
Concebible
Concept
Misconception
Confusión
Conclude
Conclusive
Concluyente
Inconclusive
Inconcluyente
Congratulate
Congratulations
Felicidades
Conquer
Conquest
Conquista
Construct
Constructive
Constructivo
Contain
Content
Contenido
Contribute
Contribution
Contribución
Controversy
Controversial
Controvertido
Convenient
Inconvenience
Inconveniencia
Inconvenient
Inconveniente
Counter
Counterparts
Homólogo
Create
Creator
Creador
Credit
Discredit
Desacreditar
Critic
Critical
Crítico
Criticise
Criticism
Crítica
Cry
Outcry
Protesta
51
Custom
Customary
Habitual
Danger
Endanger
Arriesgar
Date
Updated
Actualizado
Outdated
Desactualizado
Day
Daily
Diario
Dead
Deadline
Fecha límite
Debate
Debatable
Debatible
Decide
Indecision
Indecisión
Dedicate
Dedication
Dedicación
Dedicated
Dedicado
Deduce
Deduction
Deducción
Demand
Demanding
Demandante
Deserve
Deserving
Meritorio
Desire
Desirable
Deseable
Despair
Desperately
Desesperadamente
Desperate
Desperation
Desesperación
Develop
Developer
Desarrollador
Dine
Diner
Comensal
Discover
Discovery
Descubrimiento
Dismiss
Dismissive
Despectivo
Dismissal
Despido
Indisputable
Indiscutible
Dispute
52
Distinct
Distinctive
Característico
Doubt
Doubtless
Sin dudas
Drama
Dramatically
Dramáticamente
Draw
Withdraw
Retirar
Earth
Earthly
Terrenal, mundano
Education
Educational
Educacional
Effect
Effective
Efectivo
Innefective
Inefectivo
Effectively
Eficazmente
Eloquence
Eloquently
Elocuentemente
Emit
Emission
Emisión
Emotion
Emotional
Emocional
Endure
Endurance
Resistencia
Enthuse
Enthusiast
Entusiasta
Enthusiasm
Entusiasmo
Erupt
Eruption
Erupción
Escape
Inescapable
Inevitable
Essence
Essential
Esencial
Establish
Establishment
Establecimiento
Ethic
Unethical
Inmoral
Even
Evenly
Uniformemente
Unevenly
Desigualmente
53
Uneven
Desnivelado/Desigual
Except
Exceptional
Excepcional
Expect
Unexpected
Inesperado
Expectation
Expectación
Unexpectedly
Inesperadamente
Expert
Expertise
Experiencia, pericia
Explode
Explosive
Explosivo
Extend
Extensive
Extensivo
Fabricate
Fabrication
Invento
Fail
Failure
Fracaso
Fair
Fairness
Justicia
Fascinate
Fascinating
Fascinante
Fascination
Fascinación
Fatal
Fatality
Fatalidad
Favour
Favourable
Favorable
Feed
Feedback
Retroalimentación
Fiction
Fictional
Ficticio
Final
Finalist
Finalista
Forget
Forgettable
Olvidable
Unforgettable
Inolvidable
Fortune
Misfortune
Infortunio
Found
Founder
Fundador
54
Fresh
Refresh
Refrescar
Generous
Generosity
Generosidad
Go
Undergone
Experimentado
Undergo
Experimentar
Grand
Grandeur
Grandeza
Guide
Guidance
Guía
Happy
Happiness
Felicidad
Hard
Hardship
Adversidad
Hazard
Hazardous
Peligroso
History
Historic
Histórico
Honest
Honesty
Honestidad
Identify
Identification
Identificación
Impress
Impression
Impresión
Include
Including
Inclusive, incluso
Indicate
Indication
Indicación
Indignation
Indignantly
Indignantemente
Inevitable
Inevitably
Inevitablemente
Influence
Influential
Influyente
Ingenious
Ingenuity
Ingenuidad
Initial
Initially
Inicialmente
Innovate
Innovative
Innovador
Inspire
Inspiration
Inspiración
55
Intense
Intensely
Intensamente
Interact
Interactive
Interactivo
Interest
Uninteresting
Aburrido
Interrupt
Uninterrupted
Ininterrumpido
Intrigue
Intriguing
Intrigante
Invent
Inventor
Inventor
Journal
Journalism
Periodismo
Journalist
Periodista
Judgemental
Judicial
Misjudgement
Juicio erróneo
King
Kingdom
Reino
Lead
Misleading
Engañoso
Leak
Leakage
Fuga
Legal
Illegal
Ilegal
Let
Outlet
Enchufe
Outlet
Tienda de descuento
Life
Lifelong
Para toda la vida
Light
Enlighten
Iluminar
Live
Livelihood
Sustento
Long
Length
Longitud
Magic
Magically
Mágicamente
Majesty
Majestic
Majestuoso
Judge
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Mass
Massive
Gigante
Match
Mismatches
Discordancias
Measure
Measurement
Medida
Medicine
Medical
Médico
Mind
Mindless
Despistado
Minor
Minority
Minoría
Modify
Unmodified
No modificado
Mortal
Immortalised
Inmortalizado
Immortal
Inmortal
Motivate
Demotivated
Desmotivado
Mountain
Mountaineer
Montañero
Move
Remove
Remover
Music
Musicality
Musicalidad
Mystery
Mysterious
Misterioso
Name
Nickname
Apodo
Narrow
Narrowly
Estrictamente
Need
Necessary
Necesario
Negative
Negativity
Negatividad
Net
Network
Red
Night
Overnight
Por la noche
Nominate
Nomination
Nominación
Nostalgia
Nostalgic
Nostálgico
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Notorious
Notoriety
Notoriedad
Number
Numerous
Numerosidad
Occur
Occurrence
Ocurrencia
Offend
Offence
Ofensa
Offensive
Ofensivo
Offending
Ofensivo
Open
Opening
Apertura
Operate
Operation
Operación
Opinion
Opinionated
Tendencioso
Origin
Originated
Originado
Out
Outward
Exterior
Outdated
Caducado
Partner
Partnership
Membresía
Perceive
Perception
Percepción
Perfect
Perfectionist
Perfeccionista
Person
Personal
Personal
Place
Replace
Recolocar
Polite
Impolite
Descortés
Power
Powerless
Incapaz
Predict
Unpredictable
Impredecible
Predictable
Predecible
Preferred
Preferido
Prefer
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Prestige
Prestigious
Prestigioso
Procrastinate
Procrastination
Aplazamiento
Produce
Productivity
Productividad
Progress
Progressively
Progresivamente
Proportion
Disproportionate
Desproporcionado
Prospect
Prospective
Futuro, potencial
Psychology
Psychologically
Psicológicamente
Pursue
Pursuit
Búsqueda
Rank
Ranking
Ranking
React
Reaction
Reacción
Reassure
Reassuring
Tranquilizador
Receive
Receipt
Ticket
Recognize
Recognition
Reconocimiento
Recognizably
Claramente
Recruit
Recruitment
Reclutamiento
Regulate
Regulation
Regulación
Relax
Relaxed
Relajado
Remain
Remains
Restos mortales
Repeat
Repetitive
Repetitivo
Repute
Reputedly
Según dicen
Require
Required
Requerido
Requirement
Requerimento
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Research
Researcher
Investigador
Resign
Resignation
Resignación
Resist
Irresistible
Irresistible
Respect
Disrespect
Falta de respeto
Respond
Unresponsive
Indiferente
Rest
Restless
Inquieto
Revolution
Revolutionary
Revolucionario
Rigour
Rigorous
Riguroso
Root
Uproot
Arrancar
See
Sight
Vista
Settle
Settlement
Acuerdo
Severe
Severity
Severidad
Shelter
Sheltered
Resguardado
Short
Shortage
Escasez
Signify
Insignificant
Insignificante
Significant
Significante
Dissimilar
Distinto
Similarly
Similarmente
Skill
Unskilled
Inexperto
Social
Sociable
Sociable
Soothe
Soothing
Reconfortante
Sophisticated
Sophistication
Sofisticación
Similar
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Spoil
Unspoilt
Puro
Spread
Widespread
Esparcido
Stable
Stability
Estabilidad
Stand
Outstanding
Espectacular
Standard
Standardised
Estandarizado
Stimulate
Stimulation
Estimulación
Stress
Stress-free
Desestresado
Strong
Strength
Fuerza
Strengthen
Fortalecer
Strengthening
Fortalecimiento
Stubborn
Stubbornness
Testarudez
Success
Unsuccessful
Sin éxito
Successful
Exitoso
Suppose
Supposedly
Supuestamente
Sure
Ensure
Asegurarse
Surprise
Surprisingly
Sorprendentemente
Unsurprisingly
Como era de esperar
Suspect
Suspicious
Sospechoso
Sustain
Sustainability
Sostenibilidad
Symptom
Symptomatic
Sintomático
Tend
Tendency
Tendencia
Threat
Threatening
Amenazador
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Tower
Towering
Altísimo
Tradition
Traditionally
Tradicionalmente
Transfer
Transferable
Transferible
True
Truthful
Honrado
Trust
Untrustworthy
Que no es de fiar
Type
Typically
Típicamente
Vary
Invariably
Invariablemente
Venom
Venomous
Venenoso
Versatile
Versatility
Versatilidad
Vital
Revitalised
Revitalizado
Wake
Awake
Despierto
Wakeful
Despierto
Unwanted
Indeseado
Wanted
Deseado
West
Western
Occidental
While
Meanwhile
Mientras tanto
Will
Unwilling
Indispuesto
Willing
Dispuesto
Win
Winner
Ganador
Work
Workable
Manejable
Work-out
Entrenamiento
Worldwide
Mundial
Want
World
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Antes de nada me gustaría darte las gracias por haber depositado tu confianza en mí. Estoy muy agradecido por vuestro apoyo tanto por haber comprado este ebook como por el apoyo desde el primer día que abrí el blog. Si sigo con la misma ilusión de ayudar y aportar mi granito de arena es porque vosotros me habéis dado ese feedback positivo y cada vez que alguien me agradece mi ayuda y me cuenta que el blog ha sido muy útil para haber logrado su objetivo me llena mucho, de verdad. Este ebook no pretende sustituir a los libros oficiales que hay publicados para la preparación específica de los exámenes de nivel B2 y C1 sino que trata de ser un complemento extra a la hora de estudiar. En todos los ámbitos de nuestra vida, nos volvemos especialistas a base de repetir, practicar y realizar de forma práctica una y otra vez aquello que nos propongamos, no solo basta con la teoría. En este examen, y en esta parte en concreto, ocurre lo mismo. Con Destrozando el Use of English os he dado una ayuda teórica muy interesante y que, si sabéis entenderla y utilizarla, os va a librar de más de un quebradero de cabeza. Pero para ello es necesario complementar esta teoría con la parte práctica. Esto no es ningún secreto y ya lo he transmitido muchísimas veces en mi blog. He visto y recibido numerosas consultas acerca del Use of English, alegando que cuando se examinaron oficialmente, esta parte era mucho más difícil que en la práctica. Y la respuesta a esa afirmación no es ni más ni menos que una carencia en la falta de práctica de esta parte. Tenéis que hacer todos los exámenes de prueba posibles, para minimizar la varianza presente y el alcanzar el máximo conocimiento posible del inglés requerido dentro de cada nivel. En resumen, hay que saber llevar la teoría a la práctica. Sin más, me despido con la esperanza de que este ebook os sirva a alcanzar vuestro objetivo, tanto si queréis sacaros el nivel B2 como C1. Ya sabéis que intentando sacar la mayor puntuación posible en esta parte, maximizaréis vuestras opciones de aprobar. Un saludo. Adrián.
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Copyright © [2015] [Aprueba El CAE – Destrozando el Use of English] Contacto:
[email protected] Propiedad Intelectual e Industrial
Adrián, en calidad de la web apruebaelcae.com, o sus licenciantes son los propietarios de todos los derechos de propiedad intelectual e industrial de este ebook digital, incluyendo, sin limitación, textos, imágenes, fotografías, dibujos, música, marcas o logotipos, estructura y diseño de la composición de cada una de las páginas individuales que componen la totalidad del sitio, combinaciones de colores, códigos fuentes de los programas que generan la composición de las páginas, software necesario para su funcionamiento, acceso y uso. Licencia de uso
Visualización personal y no comercial de este ebook y todo el material publicado en él mediante el uso de un ordenador o dispositivo móvil a través de un navegador web. No le autorizamos cualquier otro derecho sobre este ebook. Esto significa que todos los derechos quedan reservados. En caso de duda Ud, como comprador entiende y acepta que: no puede adaptar, editar, cambiar, transformar, publicar, re-publicar, distribuir, re-distribuir, realizar cualquier tipo de emisión, mostrar en lugares públicos o privados mediante el uso de elementos de visión o escucha comunitarios este sitio web o el material publicado en el (con independencia de tipo de archivo o elemento) sin nuestro permiso previo por escrito. Protección de nuestros derechos
De forma seria y activa luchamos contra el uso no autorizado de este ebook y de los materiales en él publicados. La detección de un uso no autorizado por su parte de los contenidos publicados en nuestra web puede acarrear el inicio de acciones legales contra Ud., incluyendo
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reclamaciones económicas sin perjuicio del inicio de un procedimiento de solicitud de eliminación de los contenidos que infrinjan los términos establecido en el apartado Licencia de Uso sin excluir la apertura de casos por violación del copyright.
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1. Destrozando el UOE – Proficiency Version
Pág. 68
2. Phrasal verbs
Pág. 69
3. Open cloze
Pág. 74
3.1 Expresiones
Pág. 74
3.2 Palabras frecuentes
Pág. 90
4. Key word transformation
Pág. 92
5. Word formation
Pág. 102
6. Agradecimiento y consejo final
Pág. 119
7. Aviso legal
Pág. 120
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Destrozando el Use of English – Proficiency Version es la continuación de su
predecesor, enfocado a aprobar los niveles B2 y C1. Desde la creación del Blog Aprueba el CAE, siempre os he transmitido la importancia de preparar el Use of English ya que es la parte que mejor se puede preparar y si, somos capaces de conseguir una nota alta en esta parte, tendremos todo de cara para aprobar el examen en su globalidad. Esa fue mi estrategia para los niveles anteriores y en vista de su buen resultado el enfoque para el C2 no podía ser diferente, de manera que acabé obteniendo una nota de 216/230, rozando el Grado A para esta parte en el examen de mayor exigencia que podemos realizar. De esta manera y una vez sido testado por mí mismo en examen oficial, lo pongo a disposición de todos vosotros. Sin más espero que encontréis el ebook útil y que verdaderamente destrocéis el Use of English. ¡EMPEZAMOS!
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Account for – Representar The amount of people unemployed accounts for approximately half of the population. Back down – Recular, echarse para atrás Despite the fact that everyone knew he was wrong, he refused to back down. Back up – Respaldar Don’t be afraid and tell the truth, I’ll back you up. Bear out – Confirmar, corroborar The statistics bear out the fact that he is the best player. Blurt out – Soltar, desembuchar Sarah has blurted out my secret. I will not tr ust her anymore. Bottle up – Reprimir, sepultar, ocultar It is not healthy to bottle up your emotions. Break out – Estallar, empezar The match was going nicely until a battle broke out on the stands. Bring about – Ocasionar, provocar The government’s measures might bring about a conflict between poli ticians and citizens. Brush up – Refrescar la memoria, hacer un repaso I really need to brush up my English! It is getting rusty. Build up – Desarrollar I am trying to gradually build up my own business.
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Burst into – into – Estallar en Alice burst into tears when she heard heard her parents had passed away. away. Carry along – along – Traer algo consigo It is highly recommended to carry along your ID at any time. Catch up with – with – Ponerse al día con I am looking forward to catching up with you after so long. Choke back – back – Contener I couldn’t choke choke back my tears at the conclusion of the film. Come between – between – Interponerse, separar Nobody can come between my girlfriend and me. We are really in love.
posesión (dinero) Come into – into – Acceder, entrar en posesión I came into a fortune when my grandparents passed away. Cut back on – on – Reducir gastos en Due to the economic crisis people are going to have to cut back on their spending. Die out – out – Extinguirse Most of the white tigers will die out by 2075. Do away with – with – Eliminar algo To improve the quality of our product, we are going to do away with the use of preservatives. Drift into – into – Derivar hacia I drifted into teaching after I realised being a doctor wasn’t my thing. Face up to – to – Aceptar una situación difícil
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Susan is going to have to face up to the fact that she is not going to see her son again. Fend off – – Ahuyentar, esquivar When setting up a business you must ensure to fend off any criminal activity. Flop down – down – Tirarse, dejarse caer I’m so tired that I’m just going to flop down on the couch to watch TV all day. Follow up – up – Dar seguimiento, investigar We must follow up all decisions made by the company to get the best profit. Give off – – Emanar, desprender I really love the smell Erika gives off when she passes by. Go down with – with – Ponerse malo con Which diseases do children often go down with? Go without – without – Pasar sin, vivir sin I don’t need a TV in my life. I can totally go without it. Hang around – around – Merodear We had no choice but to install cameras since people are hanging around our shop. Live on – on – Perdurar, sobrevivir Although my dad died one month month ago, his memory will always live on. on. Live through – through – Aguantar, soportar, pasar por Elderly people are stronger as they lived through wars and poverty. Look back on – on – Recordar, mirar atrás I can’t hel p smiling when I look back on my my childhood. Make into – into – Transformar en
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He made his old sweater into a new cool shirt. Pass/hand down – down – Legar, dejar en herencia Peter handed down all his money to his son. Pay off – – Amortizar, merecer la pena I got this sweater for only 10 euros. euros. It’s already paid off. Hard work always pays off. Put across – across – Expresar I envy how brilliantly my cousin is able to put across his ideas. Set apart – apart – Diferenciar The way we think is what set us apart from animals. Set off – off – Salir, partir We will be setting off tomorrow morning. Set out – out – Tener la intención de Scientists set out to discover a cure for cancer. Speak out (about) – (about) – Expresarse (dar una opinión sobre) Speak out if you have any concern about the topic. Splash out on – on – Gastar a espuertas I regret splashing out so much money on that old-fashioned car. Spring up – up – Brotar rápidamente Thousands of new businesses businesses sprang up over the past 10 years. Stand up for – for – Defender o apoyar una idea/persona que está siendo criticada/atacada. We must say stop and stand up for our rights.
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Suck into – Involucrarse en algo no placentero I didn’t really want to get involved in an argument, but I finally sucked into it. Sweep aside – Pasar por alto I cannot sweep aside my student’s behaviour sometimes. Take apart – Desmontar, desmantelar, desarmar I’m going to take the TV apart just in case I can fix it. Take in by – Engañar, embaucar I was taken in by a street magician and I lost all my money. Take on – Aceptar a hacer algo George took on the job even though he didn’t need the money . Tease out – Sonsacar Laura is trying to tease my biggest secret out of me. She can be so persuasive! Tone down – Suavizar, moderar, bajar el tono I had to tone down the quality of the photos as they were too bright. Track down – Localizar Allow me to track down your parcel for you. Try out – Probar, hacer una prueba George was about to try out his new bike when it started raining. Tuck in – Engullir, devorar I’m starving! Time to tuck in! Whip up – Suscitar, despertar The sport newspapers whip up interest by making up false news.
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A new lease of life – Pasar a ser más activo y enérgico que antes When my son was born, I got a new lease of life. A tall order – Un verdadero desafío Taking the CPE exam is a tall order. And so on/forth – Y demás, etcetera Please, fill this paper out with your name, address and so on. And only after – Y solo después de Sign in our website and only after that you will be able to enjoy our products. Arrive at the conclusion that – Llegar a la conclusión de I was thinking about my future and I arrived at the conclusion that I want t o be a doctor. As an end in itself – Como un fin en sí mismo Your training should not be seen as an end in itself, but a preparation for the match. As far back as – Desde, alrededor de As far back as Egyptian’s time, cement has been used to build all kind of facilities. As the years go by – Con el paso de los años As the years go by people realise what the important things in life are. As yet – Hasta ahora As yet, I don’t consider myself a writer. At best/most – Como mucho, en el mejor de los casos
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I will not finish reading my book until Friday at best. At odds with – Estar en desacuerdo con I find myself completely at odd s with Emma’s opinion. At the conclusion – A la conclusión At the conclusion of the meeting the company offered us a delicious snack. At your most effective level – En el nivel más eficaz In this job, you've got to be operating at your most effective level all the time. At the outset – Al principio, al comienzo At the outset of the meeting, the presenter introduced us to the main topic. At the rate of – A razón de, a un ritmo de Malaria is causing dead in Africa at the rate of 100 people per day. At the touch of a button – Con tan solo tocar un botón At the touch of a button, I can control the heating of my whole house. At the very least – Por lo menos, como poco Sorry for breaking your mobile phone. Allow me to buy you a new one at t he very least. At this stage – En esta etapa At this stage of your research, you must be very careful in order to come to the right conclusion. At worst – En el peor de los casos At worst, I will be able to see my son during the weekends. Based on nothing more than – Basado en nada más que I don’t buy it. That story is just based on nothing more than lies.
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Beaten track – Camino transitado We’ll get lost unless we follow the beaten track. Before him – Ante él Mark couldn’t believe it. Before him, his dad’s body was on the ground, full of blood. Before very/too long – Pronto I am sorry Luke but I have to go. I must be at home before very long. Bereft of – Despojado de, carente de The shocking news left her bereft of speech. Bound to – Destinado a If you carry on smoking you are bound to have lung cancer. Bring together – Hermanar The event will bring families together for a cultural exchange. But for – Si no hubiera sido por, de no ser por But for Kevin’s quick reaction, we w ould be dead. By doing so/by so doing – De este modo, al hacer tal cosa By doing so, the school will keep the student’s parents informed at any time. By means/way of – Por medio de I want to become a better football player by means of intensive training. By virtue of – Debido a, en virtud de By virtue of the Queen’s presence, the attendance to the concert was even higher. By/through trial and error – Por ensayo y error I had no idea how to set up the TV, but I finally managed to do it by trial and error.
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Call to mind – Rememorar, traer a la mente I perfectly remember your friend’s face, but I am unable to call to mind his name. Can’t help but – No poder evitar, no poder sino I can’t help but l augh when I hear you’re better than me at bowling. Carry a torch for – Estar perdidamente enamorado de We got divorced but I still carry a torch for my former wife. Come to fruition – Llegar a buen puerto It remains to be seen whether your brilliant idea will come to f ruition or not. Come to harm – Sufrir daños I hope nobody came to harm because of the fireworks. Come to terms (with) – Llegar a un acuerdo (asumir, aceptar) We should come to terms on the matter before the weekend. I finally came to terms with the fact that I would not go to college. Confront (sb) with – Confrontar a alguien con The husband confronted his wife with the evidence of her financial irresponsibility. Double-edge sword – Arma de doble filo Starting a new life abroad is a double-edge sword. You can either have a better lif e or lose your old one. Draw to a close – Terminar, finalizar After 10 minutes discussing with her boyfriend, Lucy drew the conversation to a close by calling him idiot. Drop below/beneath the threshold – Caer por debajo del umbral Our range of profits is dropping below the threshold this month.
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Each and every – Cada vez que, todos y cada uno de Did you check each and every part of the house to find the missing chess piece? Early on – En etapas tempranas Early on in my life, I used to be quite good at playing basketball. Easy on the eye – Agradable a la vista I love your new dress! It’s really easy on the eye. Even fewer – Aún menos Poor countries have even fewer resources to get a proper education. Even well into – Incluso bien entrado en, hasta bien avanzado en In fact, even well into the 21st century, there are countries where people live in poverty. Fail to explain – Incapaz de explicar If you fail to explain why you are not the murderer, you will go to prison. Fame and fortune – Fama y fortuna In the end, fame and fortune don’t really count to find the love. Far afield – Muy lejos Competitors came from far afield to take part in the competition. Far and wide – En todos lados Paella is one of the most famous Spanish meals and is known far and wide. Far from – Distar de algo, lejos de algo (figurativo) Daniela is quite far from being my girlfriend. Far less – Mucho menos Juliana is far less attractive than Amy.
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Far too – Demasiado In my opinion, Brenda is far too skinny to be a powerlifter. Far too few – Muy pocos There are far too few researchers trying to find out a solution for Ebola. Feel put off – Sentirse apagado Don’t feel put off! I’m sure you w ill pass your exam next time. Few, if any - Pocos, si los hay There are few, if any, people who have figured out how to escape from prison. Find something/anything amiss – Encontrar algo/nada fuera de lo común If you find something amiss in your new computer, do not hesitate to let me know and I will fix it for you. First and foremost – Primero y principal, principalmente First and foremost, let’s talk about the salary. Following on from this – Partiendo de lo anterior Following on from this, you should take all the details into consideration to set up a legal business. For all we know – Por lo que sabemos For all we know, Claire is still married with John. For fear that – Por miedo a I took an umbrella with me for fear that it would rain. For its own sake /For interest’s sake – Por su propio bien I believe in education for its own sake, not just to get a good job. For the greater part –La mayor parte
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Mary was living in Portugal for the greater part of the last year. For the most part – En general, en su mayoría, en su mayor parte I agree with you for the most part. However, there are some points I’d like to discuss. For the time being – De momento, por ahora I am not able to use my new car yet so I will use my bicycle for the time being. Get nowhere – Llegar a ningún lado We spent hours discussing the matter and we finally got nowhere. Give rise to – Dar lugar a Having an argument usually gives rise to a fight. Give the cold shoulder – Ningunear, ignorar Everyone gave me the cold shoulder just because I didn’t want to go to the party. Given that – Dado que Given that I’m older than you, I will eat the last piece of chicken. Have an eye for – Tener buen ojo para algo The painter has an eye for detail. Have/keep your wits about you – Estar preparado para pensar y reaccionar en
situaciones inesperadas Skiing is a really dangerous sport so you’d better keep your wits about you. If at all – Si acaso, como mucho In Madrid, it snows a few days in winter, if at all. In a matter of minutes – En cuestión de minutos Fire can make you lose everything in a matter of minutes.
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In actual fact – De hecho In actual fact, I never went to college. In any event – Sea como sea In any event, the safety of the public should be the priority. In as much as – En la medida en que In as much as you are their father, you are responsible for the behaviour of your sons. In between – Entremedio, en medio Luckily, I managed to go in between of my two brothers because they were having a big fight. In charge/control of – En control de Don’t worry! I’m already in charge of the situation. In common with – En común con Sarah has a lot in common with her boyfriend. In my view – En mi opinión In my view, Obama is the best president U.S.A. can have. In no uncertain terms – Clara y no muy amablemente I was so mad at him that I told him in no uncertain terms to leave my house. In other words – En otras palabras I’m so in love with you since I first saw you. In other words, will you marry me? In times gone by – En tiempos pasados, en otra época In times gone by, finding a job in Spain was easy-peasy. In such a way as to – De manera que
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Some products should be designed in such a way as to simplify recycling. In vain – En vano I’ve been trying in vain to open the trunk of my car the whole morning. In view of – En vista de, visto que In view of the fact that I would fail my exam tomorrow, I’ve decided not to take it . It comes as no surprise to – No resulta sorprendente It came as no surprise to me that Spain won the World Cup as they were a great team. It goes without saying – No hace falta ni decir Of course, it goes without saying that extra work hours will be paid. It is a (very) daunting prospect – Es una perspectiva desalentadora It is a very daunting prospect to go to a poor country and see how some people live. Jump at the chance – Engancharse, coger la oportunidad Isco did not doubt to jump at the chance when he was offered to sign for Real Madrid. Keep abreast of – Mantenerse actualizado I usually read the newspapers to keep abreast of the news. Keep tabs on – Controlar, vigilar No matter how far you might be, I will keep tabs on you. Lay to rest – Enterrar, poner fin a algo (figurativo) I would like to lay to rest the rumours of my private life. Lend itself to + ing – Prestarse a This story really lends itself to being turned into a film. Let alone – Por no hablar de
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I can’t even fit into the large size, let alone the medium one. Life and soul of the party – El alma de la fiesta My friend Mario is definitely the life and soul of the party. Live it up – Disfrutar de la vida Stop complaining and live it up! You are still young. Make a living – Ganarse la vida Unfortunately, I could not make a living by playing football. More often than not – Con mucha frecuencia I go to the doctors more often than not. Needless to say – No hace falta decir Needless to say, tickets for the big match are already sold out. Nigh-on – Casi After all, it’s nigh-on impossible to know whether we actually went to the Moon or not. Not least – En particular Your house is impressive, not least because of the great garden. Not quite right – No del todo bien It’s a good film but the main actor is not quite right in his role. Not turn a hair – Ni inmutarse cuando te dicen o algo “malo” ocurre He must be rich because he didn’t turn a hair when he heard the price. Of the utmost importance – De suma importancia It is of the utmost importance to drink water if you want to live. On an equal footing – Al mismo nivel, en igualdad de condiciones
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Competitors will be divided in weight categories to be on an equal footing. On behalf of – En nombre de I’m telling you this on behalf of the whole company: congratulations! On condition that – A condición de que, siempre que I will go out tonight on condition that you do as well . On the brink of – A punto de We are on the brink of winning the match. On the fast track – Por la vía rápida Let’s solve the problem on the fast track, shall we? On the move – En movimiento, desplazándose (de un lugar a otro). We're going to be on the move all next week , but we’ll call you when we get home. On the verge of – A punto de, al borde de. We were on the verge of leaving the shop when it started raining. On this basis – Sobre esta premisa On this basis, the rest of the procedure does not matter at all. Once and for all – De una vez por todas Tell me once and for all, will you come to my wedding? One form/way or another – De una manera o de otra All politicians are involved in the development of the city in one way or another. Only ever – Sólo We can’t only ever look at the problem from one perspective if we want to solve it. Over and above – Además de
84
Jackson earns a great salary over and above getting free meals every day. Pales into insignificance – Volverse insignificante Everything in my life pales into insignificance in comparison with my son’s birth. Regardless of the – Independientemente de Regardless of the weather, I’ll go cycling tomorrow. Run/face the risk – Correr el riesgo It’s a really complicated bet but I will run the risk, it can be wort h it. Scrape out a living – Ir tirando (económicamente) My cousin scrapes out a living by selling handmade clothes. See/tell at a glance – Decir/ ver de un vistazo I could see at a glance that something was going wrong. See eye to eye with – Estar de acuerdo I respect your opinion, but I don’t see eye to eye with you here. So as to – Con el fin de I am going to take English lessons so as to learn this incredible language. Something akin to + ing – Algo similar a Freedom is something akin to living under your own rules. Straight to the bin – Directo a la basura These beans are disgusting! They are going straight to the bin. Strictly speaking – Estrictamente hablando Strictly speaking, Spain is part of a peninsula. Strike it lucky – Tener de repente mucha suerte (inesperada)
85
What would you do if you struck it lucky by winning the lottery? Take a stand – Pronunciarse en contra The government will take a stand against smoking in the nightclubs. Take account of – Tener algo en cuenta Take account of all the details before making a final decision. Take exception to – Objetar, oponerse a, ofenderse por algo I take exception to the racist comments as they are really unpleasant. Take issue with – Mostrarse en desacuerdo con Tom took issue with Elsa about the cost of the house. Take somebody’s mind off something – Dejar de preocuparse o pensar sobre algo
que te preocupa The good thing about being on holidays is that it takes your mind off your problems. Take up residence – Establecerse, instalarse I am going to take up residence in a small town called Newbury. That being said – Dicho esto I’ve read really nice things about England. That being said, I wouldn’t live there because of the weather. The cruellest part/aspect – El aspecto/parte más cruel Having money and no one to spend it with is probably one of the cruellest parts in life. The degree to which – El grado en que We should pay attention to Joanne’s illness and the degree to which it is affecting her state of mind. There came a time – Hubo una época
86
There came a time when I used to play poker every day. Think big – Pensar en grande When you set up a business you need to think big if you wish to succeed. Through thick and thin – En las buenas y en las malas My parents have always been together through thick and thin. Time and again – Una y otra vez I told you not to go out time and again but you did not listen, did you? To all intents and purposes – A todos los efectos This project is finished to all intents and purposes. To be at ease with – Estar a gusto con I admit that I was doubtful at first but I’m reall y at ease with you. To be confined to – Estar limitado a The access to that section is confined to the members of the staff. To be of interest – Ser de interés Your profile is certainly of interest to our company. To be of little or no – Ser de poco o ningún Jaime is considered to be of little or no importance at his office. To be read on the subject – Ser leído en el tema I really look up to my dad, he is quite read on the subject of science. To date – Hasta la fecha To date, I have not received your payment. To give free rein – Dar rienda suelta
87
I like giving free rein to my imagination when drawing. To see the light of day – Ver la luz (figurativo: estar disponible). I wonder if one on my books will ever see the light of day. To some extent – En cierto modo, hasta cierto punto We all suffer to some extent when we are far away from our friends and family. To such an extent – Hasta tal punto I ran in the marathon to such an extent that I couldn’t get out of bed for 3 days. To this day – Hasta la fecha To this day we didn’t make a reservation for our holidays. Turn a blind eye – Hacer la vista gorda I knew my son wasn’t doing his homework but I decided to turn a blind eye for once. Turn your attention to – Dirigir tu atención a Many countries are starting to turn their attention to new forms of energy. Tie the knot – Casarse When are you guys going to tie the knot? You’ve been together like forever! Undeterred by – Sin inmutarse por Undeterred by the extremely low temperatures, Jack went for a jog anyway. Very few - Muy pocos Very few students aim to achieve top marks. Very little – Muy poco I’m sorry to tell you but we have very little in common. Well and truly – Completamente
88
The match was well and truly over in just 10 minutes as the score was 3-0 to the local team. When it comes to + ing – ing – Cuando se trata de When it comes to going out, Katie is always my first option. Which can be anything from… from…to – to – Puede ser cualquier cosa, desde…a… We are going to the mountain this weekend which can be anything from the best weekend ever to an actual disaster if we don’t plan it properly. With this in mind – mind – Con esto en mente Always work hard. With this in mind, I promise you will get a good good job eventually. With regard to – to – Con respecto a I am writing you with regard to the job offer as I am sure I am the one you are looking for. With which – which – Con lo que The happiness with which you welcomed me when I returned to Spain was so kind. Work your way up to – to – Lograr una mejor posición (empresa) I’m pleased I’m pleased with my position at work right now but I would like to work my way up to the top one day. Yet, at the same time – time – Pero, al mismo tiempo The decision was tough and yet, at the same time, it was a simple one.
89
*Los verbos pueden entrar en cualquiera de sus tiempos verbales. Pongo solo el infinitivo para no hacer la lista interminable.
A, Able, About, According, Addition, After, Against, Against, Ago, All, Along, Although, Among, Among, Amount, An, And, Another, Any, Any, Anything, Anywhere, Apart, As, Aspect, Aspect, At, Away. Back, Because, Become, Before, Best, Better, Between, Big, Bring, But, By. Call, Can, Carry, Case, Charge, Come, Common, Control, Consequence, Could. Danger, Date, Degree, Despite, Do, Down, Due, During. Each, Either, End, Enough, Even, Every, Everyone. Face, Fact, Fail, Far, Few, Fewer, For, Forth, Forward, From, Further. Get, Give, Great. Hand, Hardly, Have, Her, Herself, Himself, His, How, However If, In, Intent, Into, Irrespective, It, Its, Itself. Just. Keep. Lack, Lacking, Last, Learn, Least, Let, Less, Like, Likely, Little, Long. Majority, Make, Many, May, Means, Might, Mind, Mine, More, Most, Much, Must, Myself. Need, Neither, No, Nobody, None, Nor, Not, Nothing, Number. Odd, Odds, Of, Off, On, One, Only, Or, Order, Other, Our, Ourselves, Out, Over. Part, Pass, Perhaps, Place, Possibly, Put. Rather, Reality, Regard, Regardless, Result, Run. Sake, Same, Say, Scarcely, See, Set, Should, Since, So, Some, Sooner, Style, Such.
90
Take, Tell, Terms, Than, That, The, T he, Their, Them, Themselves, Then, There, These, This, Though, Through, Time, To, Together, To be, Too, Turn. Unable, Until, Up, Upon, Us, Used. Vast, Very, View, Visit. Way, Wear, Well, What, Whatever, When, Where, Whether, Which, While, Who, Whom, Whose, Why, Wide, With, Within, Without, Would. Yet, Your, Yourself, Yourselves.
91
A source of – Una fuente de My dad has always been a source of inspiration to me. A vivid account of – Un relato vivido de I will include a vivid account of my stay in Brazil if I ever write a book about my life. At no point – En ningún momento At no point did I think I would pass my driving exam. At the height of his success – En la época de su éxito At the height of his success, Amancio Ortega used to earn two million dollars per day. Ban on – Prohibición de There should be a ban on smoking in public places. Bear similarity/resemblance – Guardar similitud My son bears no similarity to me. Can’t be bothered to – Pasar de hacer algo I could have known it would rain but I couldn’t be bothered to check the weather forecast. Change your tune – Cambiar tu opinión completamente He wasn’t very keen on the idea at first, but he finally changed his tune when he realised how much money he would make. Come to mind – Venir a la mente I solved the problem by doing the first thing that came to mind. Contrary to popular belief – Al contrario de lo que se piensa
92
Contrary to popular belief, drinking alcohol does not make you fatter. Cross your mind – Cruzarse por tu mente What was the first thing that crossed your mind when you heard about your sister’s car accident? I would have freaked out! Dedicate yourself to – Entregarse en cuerpo y alma, dedicarse a Since my children were born, I have dedicated myself to them. Don’t let yourself – No se deje, no permita Don’t let yourself be intimidated just because the man interviewing you is wearing a suit. Draw the attention to – Dirigir la atención I would like to draw your attention to this brilliant picture I got yesterday at the market. Drop (sb) a line, Drop a line to (sb) – Escribir unas líneas Drop me a line and I will try to reply you as soon as possible. Entitled to – Con derecho a I am a member of the staff so I am entitled to ask questions to the committee. Every right to – Todo el derecho de I have every right to go to Emma’s party since she is my girlfriend! Excel yourself at – Sobresalir en Lisa really excelled herself at her performance last night. Find it necessary – Encontrar necesario I don’t find it necessary to go abroad so as to learn a new language. For the duration – Mientras dure For the duration of the experiment, you should wear glasses.
93
From the outset – Desde el comienzo From the outset, I knew who the winner would be. Get hold of – Conseguir, hacerse con Where can I get hold of some winter clothes? Give up hope of – Perder la esperanza de I will never give up hope of finding a place to park. Go down well – Ser bien recibido News of salary increases went down well with the company’s employees. Go off at a tangent – Salirse por la tangente Don’t go off at a tangent and tell me the truth! Go on record (as saying that) – Dejar constancia (decir públicamente) The president went on record as saying that the economic crisis was a real thing. Go over and over again in my mind – Venirse a la mente continuamente The fact that I could have saved my friend’s life goes over and over again in my mind. Go to waste – Echarse a perder, ser desperdiciado This is an opportunity that cannot go to waste. Go to (sb)’s head – Subirse a la cabeza Winning that important award went to Jayne’s head and now she’s become really cocky. Hardly any – Casi nada, casi nadie There is hardly any pizza left on the fridge. Have a word with – Tener una charla con Would it be possible to have a private word with you?
94
Have every confident in/that – Tener toda la confianza de I have every confident that you all pass the exam. Have yet to – Aún tengo que ver… I have yet to see a taller person than Pau Gasol. In all likelihood – Con toda probabilidad In all likelihood Arsenal F.C. will win the Cup. In the event of – En el caso de Jannice will not go out tonight in the event of rain. In the habit of – Acostumbrado, habituado a I’m in the habit of coming back home walking from school. In/with the hope that – Con la esperanza de que I’m still in the hope that we can win the tournament. In the last resort/ As a last resort – En último caso, como último recurso The police officers are supposed to open fire only in the last resort. In the light of – A la luz de, en vista de In the light of recent events, a new earthquake is likely to happen again. It has been brought to my attention – Se me ha informado que (formal) It has been brought to my attention that you did not come to work yesterday. Keep a straight face – Arreglárselas para no reirse I tried really hard to keep a straight face but I f inally burst into laughter. Keep in the dark – Ocultar información It would be better to keep in the dark what happened between us last night.
95
Leave nothing to chance – No dejar nada sin calcular o al imprevisto Anna left nothing to chance in her wedding, it was fantastic! Look alike in the way – Parecerse en la manera My two brothers look alike in the way they speak. Lose sight of – Perder de vista Do not lose sight of your goals if you want to become a champion. Make a go of it –Salir adelante We need to work harder in our business if we want to make a go of it. Make it clear – Dejar claro I’d like to make it clear that I did not steal Mary’s bike. Make (no) mention of – Hacer (no) mención de I will make no mention of how weird Paul is behaving today. Many’s the time I’ve… - Muchas son las veces que he… Many’s the time I’ve told you to brush your teeth before going to bed and you never do it! Much as – Por mucho que Much as I love going out, there are sometimes when I feel like staying home watching a film. Nowhere near – Muy lejos de (literal), de ningún modo cerca (figurativo) The church is nowhere near the park. Cycling is nowhere near as much fun as skiing. Occur to (sb) – Pasarle por la cabeza, ocurrírsele It had never occurred to me to go to Disneyland as it is supposed to be a place for kids.
96
Prior to + ing – Antes de I couldn’t speak a word prior to moving to England. Prompt action – Rápida acción My brother stayed in Spain thanks to Jane’s prompt action in offering him a new job. Put (sb) at ease with – Hacer a alguien sentirse cómodo o bienvenido My boss put me at ease with my workmates since the beginning. Put in jeopardy/at risk – Poner en peligro On no account will I put this operation in jeopardy. Put the price up – Subir el precio Due to economic problems I had no choice but to put the prices up. Put (sth) on the line – Arriesgar algo Firefighters put their lives on the line every single day. (Not) Say a word about – (No) Decir una palabra I am of the opinion that you shouldn’t say a word about how you make a living. Set great store on – Considerar algo de gran importancia Karen is setting great store on her science project. Set the record straight – Dejar las cosas claras It was high time the company set the record straight about its finances. Set your sights on – Decidirse a lograr algo I set my sights on getting a good English level and I finally did. Shed/throw some light on – Arrojar luz en Thank you for shedding some light on what is really a very complicated subject for me.
97
Show no sign of – No mostrar signos de Brenda showed no sign of nervousness prior to performing onstage. Shoulder the burden – Soportar la carga/el peso Many countries are unable to shoulder the financial burden by themselves. Single out for criticism – Señalar, criticar Do not single out your employees for criticism in public. Spill the beans – Revelar un secreto You shouldn’t have spilled the beans about Mark’s girlfriend. Standing ovation – Ovación (gente de pie) The lecturer received a standing ovation at the end of his speech.
S trang e as it s eems – Por extraño que parezca Strange as it seems, it’s been 7 days without raining in London.
Take pride in – Sentirse orgulloso I envy how some countries take pride in their anthem.
Take retirement – Jubilarse My dad will finally take retirement next year.
Take si des – Tomar partido, ponerse de lado de My mother prefers not to take sides when my brothers are discussing. The extent of – La extension de The extent of the fire was about 10.000 meters. The prospects of – Las perspectivas de The prospects of success of my new business are really high.
98
The slightest hesitation – La más mínima duda I’d buy that car without the slightest hesitation. The sooner the better – Cuanto antes mejor What time should I show up for the party tonight? The sooner the better! There is no telling - Es imposible saber There is no telling how long we’ll be waiting at the airport because of the delay. There’s no much to – No hay mucho que There’s no much to say about her speech. It was brilliant. To be a foregone conclusion – Estar cantado It was a foregone conclusion that I would pass the Maths test. To be better known as – Ser más conocido como Sally is better known as an artist than a journalist. To be in the mood (for sth / to do sth) – Apetecer I am really in the mood to have pizza tonight! To be lacking in –Ser falto en My education was lacking in the subject of Arts. To be of the opinion – Ser de la opinión. I am of the opinion that August is the best month of the year. To be on cloud nine – Estar extremadamente feliz I was on cloud nine when I won the lottery. To be prone to + ing – Ser propenso a I am prone to getting headaches.
99
To be resulted from – Ser causado por His difficulty in passing all the exams resulted from a tough childhood. To be subject to – Estar sujeto a Construction of the church is subject to the availability of space. To be most unlike – No ser nada típico It’s most unlike Paul to go to bed so early, he must be poorly. To be under no obligation to – No estar bajo la obligación de I was under no obligation to buy anything at the store. To dawn on – Caer en cuenta It never dawned on me that I could actually win the chess tournament. To have a reputation for – Tener la reputación de I have a reputation for helping homeless people. Try your hand at – Probar a hacer algo por primera vez I tried my hand at writing books but I did not succeed. Unlikely as it may seem – Por improbable que parezca Unlikely as it may seem, I’ve never been to Valencia. Until darkness fell – Hasta que la oscuridad cayó It was not until darkness fell that it started raining. Way of escaping – Salida, escapatoria There is no way of escaping the fact that we all, as human beings, will eventually die. With a view to + ing – Con el objetivo de These measures will be carried out with a view to increasing the company’s profits.
100
With the naked eye – Sin usar un aparato especial que haga las imágenes más
grandes These bacteria are so tiny that they cannot be seen with the naked eye.
101
Palabra raíz
Palabra derivada
Significado
Act
Interaction
Interacción
Acquire
Acquisition
Adquisición
Add
Additionally
Adicionalmente
Additional
Adicional
Adhere
Adherence
Adherencia
Advantage
Advantageous
Ventajoso
Agree
Disagreement
Desacuerdo
Alert
Alertness
Alerta, vigilancia
Ally
Alliance
Alianza
Ambiguous
Ambiguity
Ambiguedad
Analyse
Analysis
Análisis
Analyses
Análisis (plural)
Anatomy
Anatomical
Anatómico
Anonymous
Anonymity
Anonimato
Antique
Antiquity
Antigüedad
Anxious
Anxiety
Ansiedad
Appear
Apparent
Evidente
Apparently
Evidentemente
Disappear
Desaparecer
102
Apply
Applicant
Solicitante
Apologise
Unapologetic
Sin remordimientos
Appreciate
Appreciably
Considerablemente
Appreciative (of)
Agradecido (por)
Approval
Disapproval
Desaprobación
Argue
Arguably
Casi indiscutiblemente
Unarguably
Indiscutiblemente
Arguable
Discutible
Assertion
Afirmación, reivindicación
Assertive
Tajante, autoritario
Assume
Assumption
Suposición
Attach
Attachment
Anexo, adjunto
Assert
Cariño, afecto Attend
Attendance
Asistencia
Author
Authorship
Autoría
Autonomy
Autonomous
Autónomo
Avoid
Avoidable
Evitable
Unavoidable
Inevitable
Unaware
Inconsciente
Unawareness
Desconocimiento
Awareness
Conocimiento
Bankruptcy
Bancarrota
Aware
Bankrupt
103
Base
Basically
Básicamente
Beauty
Beautifully
Bellamente
Bed
Embed
Incrustar
Embedded
Incrustado
Benefit
Beneficial
Beneficioso
Botany
Botanist
Botánico
Break
Breakthrough
Descubrimiento
Breath
Breathtaking
Impresionante
Centre
Centrally
Centralmente
Central
Central
Unceremoniously
Bruscamente
Unceremonious
Brusco
Ceremoniously
Ceremoniosamente
Certainty
Certeza
Ascertain
Determinar, establecer
Challenge
Challenging
Desafiante
Character
Characteristic
Característica
Circle
Encircle
Rodear, circundar
Close
Disclose
Divulgar, revelar
Conclusive
Inconclusive
No concluyente
Cohere
Coherent
Coherente
Come
Outcome
Resultado
Ceremonious
Certain
104
Coming
Shortcoming
Defecto, limitación
Commit
Commitment
Compromiso, promesa
Company
Accompany
Acompañar
Compare
Comparable
Comparable
Comparatively
Comparativamente
Compel
Compulsive
Compulsivo
Complement
Complementary
Complementario
Complex
Complexity
Complejidad
Comprehend
Comprehensible
Comprensible
Incomprehensible
Incomprensible
Conception
Concepto
Misconception
Idea equivocada
Condition
Unconditionally
Incondicionalmente
Confidence
Confidently
Con seguridad
Connect
Unconnected
Desconectado
Conscious
Consciousness
Consciencia
Subconscious
Subconsciente
Conserve
Conservative
Conservador
Consequence
Consequently
Por consiguiente
Constrain
Constraint
Restricción
Consume
Consumption
Consumo
Controversy
Controversial
Controvertido
Concept
105
Converse
Conversant (with)
Familiarizado (con)
Convince
Conviction
Convicción
Count
Countless
Incontable
Counter
Encounter
Hallar
Credible
Incredibly
Increíblemente
Credit
Creditor
Acreedor
Critic
Criticism
Crítica
Critically
Críticamente
Crux
Crucial
Crucial
Curriculum
Extracurricular
Extracurricular
Custom
Customize
Personalizar
Cycle
Recycling
(de) Reciclaje
Cylinder
Cylindrical
Cilíndrico
Danger
Endangered
En peligro de extinción
Endanger
Arriesgar, exponer
Decide
Decidedly
Decididamente, sin duda
Deep
Deepen
Profundizar
Depth
Profundidad
Definite
Indefinitely
Indefinidamente
Demand
Demanding
Demandante
Democracy
Democratize
Democratizar
Deny
Undeniably
Innegablemente
106
Undeniable
Innegable
Independent
Independiente
Independently
Independientemente
Design
Designated
Designado
Despair
Desperation
Desesperación
Destroy
Destructive
Destructivo
Determine
Indeterminate
Indeterminado
Diagnose
Diagnosis
Diagnóstico
Differ
Indifferent
Indiferente
Disaster
Disastrous
Desastroso
Dispose
Disposable
Disponible
Distant
Distance
Distancia
Distinct
Distinctive
Distintivo, característico
Distinctively
Peculiarmente
Distinctiveness
Peculiaridad
Disturbing
Disturbance
Disturbio
Diverse
Diversity
Diversidad
Domestic
Domesticity
Domesticidad
Dominate
Dominant
Dominante
Doubt
Undoubted
Indudable
Undoubtedly
Indudablemente
Dramatically
Dramáticamente
Depend
Drama
107
Draw
Drawback
Inconveniente
Dread
Dreadfully
Terriblemente
Drink
Undrinkable
Imbebible
Dry
Drought
Sequía
Economy
Economic
Económico
Educate
Education
Educación
Effect
Effective
Efectivo
Ineffectively
Ineficazmente
Efficiency
Eficiencia
Inefficient
Ineficiente
Electric
Electrical
Eléctrico
Emerge
Emergence
Aparición
Emit
Emission
Emisión
Empire
Imperial
Imperial, señorial
Emphatic
Emphasis
Énfasis
Enhance
Enhancement
Mejora
Enigma
Enigmatic
Enigmático
Environs
Environmentally
Ambientalmente
Erode
Erosion
Erosión
Essential
Essence
Esencia
Estimate
Underestimate
Infravalorar
Overestimate
Sobrestimar
Efficient
108
Evolve
Evolutionary
Evolutivo
Exceed
Excessive
Excesivo
Except
Exceptional
Excepcional
Exceptionally
Excepcionalmente
Exclusively
Exclusivamente
Exclusion
Exclusión
Execute
Executive
Ejecutivo
Exist
Existence
Existencia
Extend
Extensively
Extensamente
Expect
Expectancy
Expectación, expectativa
Family
Familiar
Familiar
Find
Findings
Hallazgos, descubrimientos
Finite
Infinite
Innumerable
Infinitely
Infinitamente
Flavour
Flavouring
Condimento, aderezo
Flaw
Flawless
Perfecto
Foot
Footing
Punto de apoyo, posición
Foreseen
Unforeseen
Imprevisto, inesperado
Fortune
Misfortune
Infortunio
Frequent
Infrequent
Poco frecuente
Fruit
Fruitful
Fructífero
Gather
Gathering
Reunión, concurrencia
Exclude
109
Go
Undergo
Someterse a, experimentar
Globe
Global
Global
Glory
Glorious
Glorioso
Grace
Graceful
Gracioso, elegante
Grateful
Gratitude
Gratitud
Happen
Happening
Suceso, acontecimiento
Hither
Hitherto
Hasta ahora
Identify
Identification
Identificación
Imagine
Imaginative
Imaginativo
Immerse
Immersion
Inmersión
Immersible
Sumergible
Impression
Impressionable
Impresionable
Include
Inclusion
Inclusión
Infant
Infancy
Infancia
Influence
Influential
Influyente
Inhabit
Inhabitant
Habitante
Initiate
Initiative
Iniciativa
Innovate
Innovator
Innovador
Instinct
Instinctively
Por instinto
Institute
Institution
Institución
Intellect
Intellectual
Intelectual
Intense
Intensity
Intensidad
110
Intervene
Intervention
Intervención
Intuition
Intuitively
Intuitivamente
Intricacy
Intricate
Complejo
Invite
Uninviting
Poco atractivo
Just
Justice
Justicia
Injustice
Injusticia
Kin
Kinship
Familia, parentesco
King
Kingdom
Reino
Know
Unknown
Desconocido
Knowledge
Acknowledge
Reconocer
Acknowledgement
Reconocimiento
Lead
Misled
Mal informado
Leisure
Leisurely
Sin prisa, pausado
Like
Liken
Comparar, asemejar
Likelihood
Probabilidad
Line
Underline
Subrayar, enfatizar
Literate
Literary
Literario, relativo a literatura
Literacy
Alfabetización
Logic
Illogical
Ilógico
Lonely
Loneliness
Soledad
Mathematics
Mathematician
Matemático
Maintain
Maintenance
Mantenimiento
111
Mature
Maturity
Madurez
Maximum
Maximise
Maximizar
Meaning
Meaningful
Significativo
Meaningless
Sin sentido
Meteorology
Meteorología
Meteorologist
Meteorólogo
Misterious
Misterioso
Misteriously
Misteriosamente
Modify
Modification
Modificación
Moist
Moisture
Humedad
Molecule
Molecular
Molecular
Mountain
Mountaineer
Montañero
Narrate
Narrative
Narrativo
Nature
Natural
Natural
Necessary
Necessarily
Necesariamente
Notice
Noticeable
Evidente, notorio
Noticeably
Evidentemente
Notoriously
Notoriamente
Notorious
De mala fama
Numerate
Enumerate
Enumerar
Obsessive
Obsession
Obsesión
Occupy
Occupant
Ocupante
Meteor
Mistery
Notoriety
112
Opinion
Opinionated
Tendencioso
Ordinary
Extraordinary
Extraordinario
Organ
Organism
Organismo
Orientate
Disorientation
Desorientación
Origin
Originate
Originar
Out
Outcome
Resultado
Outset
Comienzo
Overwhelm
Overwhelmingly
Abrumadoramente
Pack
Package
Paquete
Pair
Impair
Perjudicar
Parasite
Parasitic
Parasitario
Patch
Patchiness
Heterogeneidad
Dispatch
Enviar
Perceive
Perception
Percepción
Perceptible
Imperceptibly
Imperceptiblemente
Imperceptible
Imperceptible
Perfection
Imperfection
Imperfección
Perpetuate
Perpetually
Permanentemente
Pervade
Pervasive
Generalizado
Pessimism
Pessimistically
Con pesimismo
Pessimist
Pesimista
Philosophical
Filosófico
Philosophy
113
Picture
Picturesque
Pintoresco
Place
Replace
Reemplazar
Replacement
Reemplazo
Please
Unpleasant
No placentero
Politics
Politician
Político
Popular
Popularise
Popularizar
Power
Empower
Fortalecer
Powerless
Incapaz
Powerful
Poderoso
Practise
Practical
Práctico
Preceed
Unprecedented
Sin precedentes
Predict
Predictable
Predecible
Unpredictable
Impredecible
Prediction
Predicción
Pressing
Apremiante, urgente
Pressure
Presión
Presume
Presumably
Presuntamente
Prison
Imprison
Encarcelar, recluir
Probable
Probably
Probablemente
Proceed
Procedure
Procedimiento
Prompt
Promptly
Rápidamente
Psychology
Psychologist
Psicólogo
Press
114
Question
Unquestionably
Incuestionablemente
Unquestionable
Incuestionable
Questionable
Cuestionable, dudoso
Rain
Rainfall
Lluvia, chubasco
Rare
Rarity
Rareza, curiosidad
Ravel
Unravel
Desenredar
Recognise
Recognisable
Reconocible
Rectangle
Rectangular
Rectangular
Regular
Regularity
Regularidad
Relate
Unrelated
No relacionado
Reluctant
Reluctance
Reticencia
Reluctanly
A regañadientes
Rely
Reliance
Dependencia, confianza
Repeat
Repeatedly
Repetidamente
Replace
Irreplaceable
Irremplazable
Research
Researcher
Investigador
Resource
Resourceful
Habilidoso
Resourcefulness
Ingenio, iniciativa
Respond
Response
Respuesta
Retail
Retailer
Minorista
Reveal
Revelation
Revelación
Revolution
Revolutionary
Revolucionario
115
Revolve
Revolutionize
Revolucionar
Rigour
Rigorous
Rigoroso
Rhythm
Rhythmically
Rítmicamente
Rigid
Rigidity
Rigidez
Ripe
Ripen
Madurar
Rival
Unrivalled
Sin igual, sin rival
Road
Roadworthy
En condiciones (itv)
Inroad
Avance, progreso
Surrounding
Envolvente, circundante
Surroundings
Alrededores
Satisfactory
Satisfactorio
Unsatisfactory
Insatisfactorio
Scholarly
Erudito, entendido
Scholar
Estudiante
Scope
Microscopic
Microscópico
Secure
Insecurity
Inseguridad
Seduce
Seductive
Seductor, atractivo
Seduction
Seducción
Insight
Percepción
Sight
Vista
Sequence
Consequence
Consecuencia
Set
Setting
Configuración, ajuste
Round
Satisfy
School
See
116
Side
Downside
Inconveniente
Signify
Significance
Significancia
Insignificance
Insignificancia
Sleepless
Insonme, desvelado
Sleepiness
Somnolencia
Speak
Outspoken
Franco, honesto
Spectacle
Spectacular
Espectacular
Spectate
Spectacle
Espectáculo
Spectator
Espectador
Speculate
Speculative
Especulativo
Splendid
Splendor/Splendour
Esplendor
Strong
Strengthen
Fortalecer
Submit
Submissively
Sumisamente
Submissive
Sumiso
Submission
Sumisión
Substance
Substantial
Sustancial, abundante
Succeed
Successor
Sucesor
Suffice
Sufficiently
Suficientemente
Suppose
Supposedly
Supuestamente
Supply
Supplier
Proveedor
Suspect
Suspicion
Sospecha
Suspicious
Sospechoso
Sleep
117
Take
Undertake (to do something)
Prometer hacer algo
Technology
Technological
Tecnológico
Terminate
Interminable
Interminable
Think
Thoughtfully
Pensativamente
Threat
Threatening
Amenazador, inquietante
Trust
Mistrust
Desconfianza, desconfiar
Untrustworthy
De poca confianza
Turn
Upturn
Incremento
Twenty
Twentieth
Vigésimo
Value
Invaluable
Que no tiene precio
Variable
Invariable
Invariable
Invariably
Invariablemente
Vegetate
Vegetation
Vegetación
Virtue
Virtuous
Virtuoso
Will
Wilful
Tozudo
Wilfully
Tozudamente
Unwise
Insensato
Unwisely
Insensatamente
Wisely
Sensatamente
Zealous
Entusiasta
Wise
Zeal
118
Antes de nada me gustaría darte las gracias por haber depositado tu confianza en mí. Estoy muy agradecido por vuestro apoyo tanto por haber comprado este ebook como por el apoyo desde el primer día que abrí el blog y publiqué “Destrozando el Use of
English: B2&C1 version”. Este ebook no pretende sustituir a los libros oficiales que hay publicados para la preparación específica de los exámenes de nivel C2 sino
que
trata
de
ser
un
complemento extra a la hora de estudiar. En todos los ámbitos de nuestra vida, nos volvemos especialistas a base de repetir, practicar y realizar de forma práctica una y otra vez aquello que nos propongamos, no solo basta con la teoría. En este examen, y en esta parte en concreto, ocurre lo mismo. Con Destrozando el Use of English – Proficiency Version os he dado una ayuda teórica muy interesante y que, si sabéis entenderla y utilizarla, os va a librar de más de un quebradero de cabeza. Pero para ello es necesario complementar esta teoría con la parte práctica. Esto no es ningún secreto y ya lo he transmitido muchísimas veces en mi blog. He visto y recibido numerosas consultas acerca del Use of English, alegando que cuando se examinaron oficialmente, esta parte era mucho más difícil que en la práctica. Y la respuesta a esa afirmación no es ni más ni menos que una carencia en la falta de práctica de esta parte. Tenéis que hacer todos los exámenes de prueba posibles, para minimizar la varianza presente y el alcanzar el máximo conocimiento posible del inglés requerido dentro de cada nivel. En resumen, hay que saber llevar la teoría a la práctica. Sin más, me despido con la esperanza de que este ebook os sirva para alcanzar vuestro objetivo y consigáis certificar el nivel más alto de inglés que una persona no nativa puede lograr. Ya sabéis que intentando sacar la mayor puntuación posible en esta parte, maximizaréis vuestras opciones de aprobar. Un saludo. Adrián.
119
Copyright © [2015] [Aprueba El CAE – Destrozando el Use of English – Proficiency Version] Contacto:
[email protected] Propiedad Intelectual e Industrial
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De forma seria y activa luchamos contra el uso no autorizado de este ebook y de los materiales en él publicados.
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