KANIA MANDALA 15003048 (Resume Psikologi Pendidikan)

RESUME 12 PSIKOLOGI PENDIDIKAN

“PERBEDAAN INDIVIDU DALAM BELAJAR ”

OLEH:

KANIA MANDALA (15003048)

SEKSI: 201521270085

DOSEN:

Dr. Yeni Karneli, M.P, K!n"

PENDIDIKAN L#A$ %IASA &AK#L'AS ILM# PENDIDIKAN #NIE$SI'AS NEE$I PADAN *01+

PERBEDAAN INDIVIDU DALAM BELAJAR (1)

A. Gaya Belajar

1. aa i-/l"irele2i  aa i-/l"irele2i" "erin i2enal enan e-! 2!n"e/al. Ya2ni -/ri enr/n 6erina2 ea an i-/l"i aa/ -en/na2an le6i7 6ana2 a2/ /n/2  -ere"!n" an -eren/n2an a2/ra"i ari "/a/ 9aa6an. M/ri an i-/l"i "erin2ali le6i7 6ana2 -ela2/2an 2e"ala7an 2ei-6an -/ri an rele2i. Di6anin2an -/ri an i-/l"i, -/ri an rele2i 9/a le6i7 -/n2in /n/2 -enen/2an "eniri /9/an  6ela9ar an 6er2!n"enra"i aa in!r-a"i an relean. Mere2a 6ia"ana -e-ili2i "anar 2er9a an ini.

*. aa -enala-an2al Ma2"/na iala7 "e9a/7 -ana -/ri -e-ela9ari -aeri 6ela9ar enan "a/ ara an -e-6an/ -ere2a /n/2 -e-a7a-i -aeri er"e6/ (aa -enala-) aa/ "e2ear  -enari aa an erl/ /n/2 iela9ari (aa an2al). M/ri an 6ela9ar enan aa an2al ia2 6i"a -enai2an aa an -ere2a ela9ari enan 2eran2a 2!n"e/al an le6i7 l/a". Mere2a enr/n 6ela9ar "eara a"i, 7ana -enina in!r-a"i. Se-enara i/ -/ri an -en/na2an aa 6ela9ar -enala- le6i7 -/n2in /n/2  "eara a2i -e-a7a-i aa an -ere2a ela9ari an -e-6eri -a2na aa aa an  erl/ /n/2 iina. Pela9ar -enala- le6i7 -/n2in -e-!ia"i iri "eniri /n/2   6ela9ar i6anin2an enan ela9ar an2al an a2an er-!ia"i 6ila aa  en7araan ari l/ar "eeri /9ian an anaan !"ii ari /r/.

3.

Keeran/nan laanan er"/" 2eia26eran/nan laanan Oran!ran an 6eran/n aa laanan ener/n -eli7a !la "eara 2e"el/r/7an an -enala-i 2e"/lian ala- -e-i"a72an a"e2a"e2 eren/ "/a/ "i/a"i aa/ !la. Sean2an !ran an ia2 6eran/n aa laanan le6i7 -a-/ -eli7a 6aian6aian an -e-6en/2 "/a/ !la an 6e"ar. Selain i/, !ran an  6eran/n aa laanan ener/n le6i7 6er!riena"i aa !ran an 7/6/nan "!"ial ari aa !ran!ran an ia2 6eran/n aa laanan (Slain, *004: 1+8).

B. Ker!"a#!a$ % &e'ra'e$

1. Keri6aian Keri6aian aa/ er"!nalia" iala7 e-i2iran, e-!"i an erila2/ eren/ an -en9ai iri ari "e"e!ran -en7aai /niana. Keri6aian -ena2/ li-a 7al an -en9ai iri 6aaan an -en!n9!l a2ni,openness (2eer6/2aan er7aa enala-an) , conscientiousness (2ea/7an) ,

extraversion (2eer6/2aan

er7aa

!ran

lain) ,

agreebleness (2ee2aan n/rani) , neoroticism ("a6ilia" e-!"i!nal). Dala- 2!ne2" e-6ela9aran, /r/ 7ar/" aa -enala-i an -e-a7a-i 2eane2araa-an 2ara2eri"i2 2eri6aian -/rina. Denan e-i2ian, 2eiaan  e-6ela9aran -en9ai "/a/ 2eiaan an -enenan2an ala/ i9alan2an ala"i/a"i an 6eraa-.

*. 'e-era-en 'e-era-en aala7 aa erila2/ "e"e!ran an ara 27a"na ala- -e-6eri anaan aa/ re"!n". %e6eraa -/ri 6ere-era-en a2i, "ean2an an lainna enan. %e6eraa -/ri -ere"!n" !ran lain enan 7ana "ean2an an lainna "eara "a-6il lal/. 7al inila7 an -nini2a"i2an aana aria"i e-era-en alairi "i"a. 'e-era-en

i2ae!ri2an

ala-

ia

2el!-!2

"e6aai-ana

an

i2el!-!22an !le7 ;7ee" an '7!-a", a2ni: ana2 -/a7 ( easy child ), ana2 "/li (difficut

child )

an

ana2

la-6a

6er"i2a

7ana

( slow-to-warm-up

child ).

Penel!-!22an aa" e-era-en ini 2e-/ian irei"i 2e-6ali !le7 $!76ar an %ae" an le6i7 -e-!2/"na aa (1) "i2a an ene2aan !"ii< (*) "i2a an  ene2aan neai< (3) /"a7a 2!nr!l aa/ ena/ran iri. . S*! + E,$'! Da$ B-#aya 1. Penar/7 "a/" "!"ial e2!n!-i er7aa enaaian "i"a

Sa/" "!"i!e2!n!-i an ia"ar2an aa en7a"ilan, e2er9aan, enii2an, an en"i "!"ial "ana -e-enar/7i "i2a ela9ar er7aa "e2!la7, enea7/an, 2e"iaan 6ela9ar, an enaaian a2ae-i". Si"a an 6era"al ari 2el/ara an  6eren7a"ilan rena7 -enala-i e2anan an -e-/nai anil 6ai ra2i2   ena"/7an ana2, !la 2!-/ni2a"i, an 7araan an rena7 an -/n2in a2an 2/ran -en/n/n2an ana2ana2 2ei2a -ere2a -e-a"/2i "e2!la7. I-li2a"ina 6ai  enii2an iala7 aar -e-er7ai2an 2e6//7an "e-/a e"era ii2 "eara ail an -eraa ana -e-anan "a/" "!"ial !ran /a "i"a. *. Penar/7 6/aa er7aa e-6ela9aran

Seia -an/"ia 7i/ an i6e"ar2an ala- 6/aa eren/. %/aa ela7 iari"2an "eara /r/n e-/r/n ari enera"i 2e enera"i. Se-/ana iari"2an an  6er/ra a2ar ala- iri an 2e7i/an "eia inii/. Hal ini 9ela" 9/a a2an  6erenar/7 er7aa ela2"anaan enii2an. Seia "i"a an 6era"al ari 6/aa an 2e6ia"aan an 6er6ea6ea i"a/2an ala- "a/ lin2/ enii2an. Hal ini -ea9i62an "e2!la7 (lin2/nan enii2an) aar -a-/ -eran2/- "e-/a "i"a ari  6er6aai 6/aa an 2e6ia"aan aar iii2 "eara ee2i an ei"ien. D. Pe$#e,aa$ Pe'"elajara$ Se*-a! De$/a$ Per"e#aa$ I$#!0!#-

Ke6eraa-an aala7 /n/2 -elaani 2e6//7an 6ela9ar e"era ii2 eren/ a3a/ 2el!-!2 2eil e"era ii2, ari !la e-6ela9aran an le6i7 27/"/" /n/2 "el/r/7 2ela" aar e"era

ii2 -en/2aina.

%e6eraa rin"i

-ena"ar

an

-en/2/n4

2e6era4a-an. Kela" enan 2!ni"i e"era ii2 an  6era4a-. • /r/ an e"era ii2 -e-a7a-i -aeri, ara -enel!-!22an e"era ii2, 5ara -ena"e" e-6ela9aran an ele-en 2ela" lainna -er/a2an ala an  6i"a i4/na2an ala- 6er6aai ara /n/2 -en/n9/22an 2e6er7a"ilan inii/ an "el/r/7 2ela".

•

Ke6eraa-an aan ari 7a"il enilaian an ee2i an er/" -ener/" ari 2e6/3/7an 6ela9ar e"era ii2. Dala- 2ela" an 6eraria"i, er6eaan e"era ii2 i7ara2an aa

i7arai

an i!2/-ena"i2an "e6aai a"ar /n/2 -erenana2an e-6ela9aran.

Prin"i ini -enina2an 2ia a2an 7/6/nan e2a anara enilaian an /a". Kia  6i"a -en4a9ar le6i7 ee2i 9i2a 2ia a7/ 2e6//7an an -ina e"era ii2.

•

Se-/a e"era ii2 -e-/nai e2er9aan an "e"/ai. Dala- 2ela" an 6eraria"i, /9/an /r/ aala7 aar "eia e"era ii2 

-era"a eranan er/", "e7ina e2er9aanna -enari2 aa/ -en,enan42an.

•

/r/ an e"era ii2 aa 6e2er9a "a-a ala-  e-6ela9aran. /r/

-ena2"e"

2e6//7an

6ela9ar,

-e-a"ilia"i

e-6ela9aran

an

-eren5ana2an 2/ri2/l/- an ee2i. Dala- 2ela" ieren"ia"i, /r/ -e-ela9ari  e"era ii2na an er/" -eli6a2an -ere2a /n/2 -e-6/a 2e//"an enan 2ela". Ha"ilna  e"er3a ii2 -en9ai e-6ela9ar an le6i7 -aniri.

“PERBEDAAN INDIVIDU DALAM BELAJAR (2  LANJU&AN)”

A. S!*a Bere*!,

Ana2 6ere"i2! aala7 ana2ana2 an erienii2a"i -e-ili2i !en"i /n/2 -enala-i 2eaalan ala- -enele"ai2an /a"/a" "e2!la7. Aa ia ala"an /n/2 -eaa2an  6a7a ana2 -e-ili2i !en"i /n/2 aal i "e2!la7 aa/ 6er2"/lian 6ela9ar : a. Ha"il e-eri2"aan -ei" Melal/i e-eri2"aan -ei" aa -a"a 6ai an -a"a 2ana22ana2 aa irei2"i2an 6a7a aana 2e-/n2inan 2ela2 -en9ai ana2 6er2e"/lian 6ela9ar   6. $e"i2! 6i!l!i" $e"i2! 6i!l!i" -en/n9/2 aa "/a/ 2e-/n2inan an ia"ar2an aa" riaa -ei" an 2e"e7aan an aa -eni-6/l2an 2e"/lian 6ela9ar i"e2!la7 . $e"i2! lin2/nan. 'er2ai enan aana 2e2/ranan "i-/la"i lin2/2nan "!"ial an -ene6a62an  er/-6/7an an er2e-6anan ana2 ia2 !i-al. Si-/la"i er"e6/ -ena2/ i"i2,e-!"i, 2!nii,an in/i"i.

B. S!*a Ber,e"--3a$ K3-*-*

a. Penerian Ana2 6er2e6//7an 27/"/" (A%K) -er/a2an ana2 an -enala-i 7a-6aan ala"ei i"i2, -enal, e-!"i!nal, erila2/, ineleen"i ll  6. =eni"9eni" ana2 6er2e6//7an 27/"/" 1. '/nanera Aala7 inii/ an -e-ili2i 7a-6aan ala- enli7aan. /nanera aa i2la"ii2a"i2an 2eala- /a !l!nan ai/: 6/a !al (%lin) an l! i"i!n. *. '/nar/n/ Aala7 inii/ an -e-ili2i 7a-6aan ala- enenaran 6ai2 er-anen -a//n ia2 er-anen. 3. '/nara7ia '/nara7ia aala7 inii/ an -e-ili2i ineleen"i an "inii2an 6eraa i6aa7 raaraa an i"erai enan 2eia2-a-/an ala- aaa"i rila2/ an -/n/l ala- -a"a er2e-6anan. 4. '/naa2"a

'/naa2"a aala7 inii/ an -e-ili2i an/an era2 an i"e6a62an !le7 2elainan ne/r!-/"2/lar   an "r/2/r /lan an 6er"ia 6aaan, "a2i aa/ a2i6a 2eela2aan, er-a"/2 ele6ral al", a-/a"i, !li!, an l/-/7. 5. '/nalara" '/nalara" aala7 inii/ an -enala-i 7a-6aan ala- -enenali2an e-!"i an 2!nr!l "!"ial. +. Ke"/lian 6ela9ar  Aala7 inii/ an -e-ili2i an/an aa "a/ aa/ le6i7 2e-a-/an a"ar   "i2!l!i" an -ena2/ e-a7a-an an en/naan 6a7a"a, 6er6iara an -en/li" an aa -e-enar/7i 2e-a-/an 6eri2ir, -e-6aa,  6er7i/n,  6er6iara an i"e6a62an 2arena an/an er"e"i,  6rain in9/r, i"/n"i -ini-al !a2 , i"le>ia, an aa"ia er2e-6anan. . Pe$#e,aa$ Pe'"elajara$ Se*-a! De$/a$ Ke"era/a'a$ Pe*era D!#!,

Dala- 7al laanan enii2an 27/"/" ia2 7ana a2!r 2e6i9a2an "a9a an -enen/2an eai 9/a i- !r2 an -en/2/n, 6eri2/ ini aala7 2!-!nen i- !r2 : a. /r/ enii2an 27/"/" aala7 -ere2a an -e-6eri2an e-6ela9aran "e7ari7ari an /2/nan lain 6ai "i"a 6er2e6//7an 27/"/".  6. %illin/al "eial e/a!r aala7 /r/ an -e-ili2i enea7/an 6ai2 i 6ian i  6a7a"a -a//n enii2an 27/"/". . Earl 7il7!! "eial e/a!r aaa7 -ere2a an -e-6eri2an elaanan aa 6alia, -ere2a aa -ela2/2an 6er2er9a "a-a enan /r//r/ re "e2!la7 ala- 7al  enii2an /-/-. . "ee7? lan/ae a7!l!i" aala7 -ere2a an -enian!"i" ana2ana2 6er2e6//7an, -ene"ain ina2an an laanan an ea "era -e-!ni!r 2e-a9/anna. e. S7!!l "7!l!i" aala7 -ere2a an -e-ili2i 2!-een"i /n/2 -enen/2an 2e6//7an ana2ana2 6er2e6//7an 27/"/". . S7!!l !/n"el!r aala7 -ere2a an -enanani 6/2an "a9a "i"a 6ia"a eai 9/a "i"a enan 2e6//7an 27/"/", aa "e2!la7 re/lar. . "7!!l "!ial !r2er aala7 -ere2a an -en 2!!rina"i2a /"a7a/"a7a enii2, 2el/ara an !ran!ra le-6aa er2ai /n/2 -e-a"i2an 6a7a "i"a aa -eneri-a "e-/a elaanan an -ere2a 6//72an.

7. S7!!l N/r"e aala7 -ere2a an 6eran/n 9aa6 ala- -e-eri2"a an -en9aa 2e"e7aan "i"a, "era -ena/r i"ri6/"i !6a!6aan an i6//72an "i"a. i.

E/ai!nal inerreer aala7 -ere2a an -e-6an/ "i"a an -enala-i 2e"/lian -enenar enan -en/na2an 6a7a"a i"ara.

 9.

eneral e/ai!nal ea7er aala7 /r/ aa 2ela" re/lar an -e-ili2i 2e-a-/an /n/2 /n/2 -e-e6eri2an elaanan 6ai ana2 6er2e6//7an 27/"/".

2. Pare/a!r aala7 ara r!e"inal an 6e2er9a i 6aa7 ara7an /r/ aa/ r!e""i!nal ala- -e-6eri2an elaanan 6ai "i"a 6er2e6//7an 27/"/". l.

Paren" Oran /a "i"a an -e-6eri2an 2!nri6/"i er7aa "e2!la7 -enenai  er2e-6anan "era 2e7i/n ana2na i l/ar "e2!la7.

-. Aii!nal Hi7 Seiali@e Serie Pr!ier aala7 -ere2a an -e-ili2i 2ea7lian "e"ii2 i 6ian eren/ /na -enanani "i"a an -e-6//72an elaanan 27/"/" "eara /ni2.

DA4&AR RUJUKAN

S!-anri, "/9i7ai. *00+. P"i2!l!i ana2 l/ar 6ia"a. %an/n : P' $ei2a Aia-a S/i7ar!n!, 22. *00. P"i2!l!i Penii2an. Y!a2ara: #NY Pre""

A6in Sa-"/in Ma2-/n,  Psikologi Kependidikan, %an/n: $e-a9a $!"a2ara,1BBB. Ha-@a7 %. #n!, Orientasi Baru dalam Psikologi Pembelaaran, =a2ara: %/rni A2"ara, *00+.