JBASE FOUNDATION
Slide 1
OBJECTIVE
Objectives of the course are to introduce jBase with special features and architecture login jBase Understand jShell and environmental variables. Understand Tools and Utilities Comprehend File Management and tools Understand jBase editor
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INTRODUCTION TO JBASE
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INTRODUCTION TO JBASE
jBase is a database management environment that runs on UNIX or Windows NT Operating system etc... T24 Applications are developed in jBase Environment Using Info Basic and runs in jBase. Portable across hardware platforms (HP-Unix, Aix, SCO Unix, Windows etc) jBase provides a complete Development and Runtime environment.
4
TECHNICAL LAYER
AC
LD
MM …
…
…
Applications
T24/GLOBUS
jBase / UniVerse
DBMS
Unix / Windows
OS
T24 works on Unix/Windows platform and uses jBase/ Universe as its database during runtime environment. 5
JBASE TERMINOLOGY
jBase
Microsoft Office
Account
Database
File
Table
Record
Record
Field
Field
Value
Value
Multi Value
no comparison
Sub Value
no comparison
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FEATURES OF JBASE
7
JBASE FEATURES Unique feature in jBase are Can store variable length records. Unlimited number of files. Most efficient method of data storage, access and retrieval.
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RELATIONSHIP OF OS AND JBASE
jBase has its own command processor that includes many OS commands. Example: pwd We can administer jBase from OS. Example: Backing up and Restoring system files, Keeping records, etc...
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JBASE ARCHITECTURE
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JBASE ARCHITECTURE
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ARCHITECTURE
The jBase architecture consists of three components Application Development Environment (ADE) Middle-ware components Database Management System
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ARCHITECTURE
• The first component is the Application Development Environment. • This consists of several products. • First and primary is the Basic language (jBC)
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ARCHITECTURE
•The second component is Middleware • The most important part of the jBase middleware component is the jBase External Database Interface (jEDI)
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ARCHITECTURE
The third and final component of jBase is the Database Management System.
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ARCHITECTURE
Application Development Environment (ADE) It consists of the following tools/products • jBase Basic language compiler(jBC) • jBase OBjEX • jBase Web Builder (jWB)
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ARCHITECTURE
Middle-ware component consists of two products. jBase External Device Interface ( jEDI ) jBase Data Provider ( jDP)
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DATA-BASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
Efficient Resource Management Non First Normal Form database, having multi-value capabilities. (i.e.. To embed tables within tables) Transaction Management It enables lock mechanism and ensures either a transaction is completed fully or reversed back to its original state Effective Distribution Distribution of data in the database through Hashing algorithm enables faster retrieval of data.
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LOGIN TO JBASE
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JBASE LOGIN
STEPS TO LOG ON TO T24 RUNNING ON jBase • Log on to Unix by specifying user name and password • user name and password are verified • Remote.cmd or .profile file is executed • Remote.cmd or .profile has the jBase environment set
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JBASE LOGIN
Using REFLECTION software
Invoke Reflection to login to the server running jBase
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JBASE LOGIN
It will automatically start prompting the user to enter user-name and password.
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JBASE DIRECTORY STRUCTURE
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JBASE DIRECTORY STRUCTURE
/jBase
bin
config
jspooler
lib
tmp
dev
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JBASE DIRECTORIES
• • • • • • • •
bin config dev jbcmessages include lib src tmp
-
Executable files Configuration files External device information Error messages Include files Library files Source code files Temporary files
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JSHELL
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JSHELL
Why jShell? jShell provides a command line environment equivalent to DOS and UNIX terminal modes. Features of jShell Easily customizable command line prompt Easy command recall.
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NAVIGATION IN JSHELL
BK from T24 gets you down to the jsh prompt jsh > pwd present working directory jsh > jdir list files and directories under current directory jsh > ls -l (unix installation) list files and directories and their permissions jsh >more (unix installation) used with record name to display contents of the record jsh > cd move to directory or file jsh> exit exits UNIX
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jShell COMMANDS
jdir jrm jmv
-
Displays list of files in a directory Removes a file Moves old file to new file
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JBASE ENVIRONMENTAL VARIABLES
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JBASE ENVIRONMENTAL VARIABLES
Used to help jBASE to, Locate files Establish search paths Locate programs Locate subroutines Locate the spooler files
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VIEWING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
jdiag Shows all environment variables from a jBASE perspective This has to be executed from the jshell prompt echo Shows you the contents of an environment variable This has to be executed from the jshell prompt Example : echo $HOME
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JBCRELEASEDIR
Path to the jBASE directory where jBASE has been installed. It shows the path where jbase executables, Libraries and Scripts are found. Example: jsh jglobus ~ -->echo $JBCRELEASEDIR Output : /t24muappl/t24mcbdev/tafcmcbdev
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JBCGLOBALDIR
Path to the jBASE directory where various configuration files are found. JBCGLOBALDIR shows where global constants can be found, such as the configuration file for the record locking mechanism. Example: jsh jglobus ~ -->echo $JBCGLOBALDIR Output : /t24muappl/t24mcbdev/tafcmcbdev
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JBCSPOOLERDIR
Contains the path of the spooler directory of JBASE. jBase spool files are under the jspooler directory where jBase has been installed. Example: jsh jglobus ~ -->echo $JBCSPOOLERDIR Output : muappl/t24mcbdev/jspooler
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PATH
Search path locating executables. Contains search path for OS executables. Contains the search path of jBase executables. It also Contains Compiler executables. jBase executables are under the bin directory where jBase has been installed. Example: jsh jglobus ~ -->echo $PATH Output : /usr/java5/jre/bin:/t24muappl/t24mcbdev/bnk/bnk.run/t24bin/eb_ monitoring:/t24mun
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JBCBASETMP
Contains the path of the JBASE temp directory that stores temporary files. Example:jsh jglobus ~ -->echo $JBCBASETMP Output : /t24muappl/t24mcbdev/bnk/bnk.run/jBASEWORK/tmp_4
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JBCLISTFILE
Contains the path of the SAVEDLISTS File that is used to store select lists. Example: jsh jglobus ~ -->echo $JBCLISTFILE Output : /t24muappl/t24mcbdev/bnk/bnk.run/&SAVEDLISTS&
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FILE SYSTEM JBASE
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FILE TYPES
Jbase has two types of Files
Hashed Files Non-Hashed Files
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NON-HASHED FILES
Contains Sequential files Unix level directories Used to store programs or generated reports Name cannot exceed 255 chars, determined by OS. Spooler files used by GLOBUS to store printed reports are directory files. BASIC programs, executables and subroutines are generally stored in directory files since they have no set key, length or structure, and record sizes vary greatly. It has only one Type ‘‘UD’
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HASHED FILES
Data files are stored as hash files Uses Hash Algorithms to dynamically read and write data Two types of Hashed files Type J3 Type J4 All T24 data files are Hashed files of Type = J4
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FILES IN JBASE
Every file created in jBase contains two parts • Data portion • Dictionary portion Data portion
Contains records
Dictionary portion Contains field name and its properties
Data : Records in turn has many fields. Dictionary : Contains field name and its attributes like eg. Length, Max.range etc.,
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MODULO AND SEPERATION
Modulo The data and dict portion of hashed files are divided in to groups called Modulos. Default size of one Modulo is 1024 bytes for J3 type Default size of one Modulo is 4096 bytes for J4 type Separation The size of the modulo is determined by separation. Multiplying factor of the Modulo.
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MODULO AND SEPERATION
Modulo and Separation specify the disk space allocated to a hashed file. The choice of file type, modulo, and separation can have dramatic effect on JBASE’s performance in accessing a file. Size of the Data and Dict Portions can be determined while creating file. Apart from these it is possible to define secondary Buffer size. Default size of secondary buffer size is twice the size of one modulo.
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STRUCTURE OF HASHED FILE TYPE J3
4*1024=
4*1024=
4*1024=
4*1024=
4096 Bytes
4096 Bytes
4096 Bytes
4096 Bytes
Modulo1
Modulo2
Modulo3
Modulo4
4 *1024= 4096bytes Modulo 5
Data Portion of Hashed file of Type=J3 for Modulo=5 and Separation=4
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STRUCTURE OF HASHED FILE TYPE J4
3*4096=
3*4096=
3*4096=
3*4096=
12298 Bytes
12298 Bytes
12298 Bytes
12298 Bytes
Modulo1
Modulo2
Modulo3
Modulo4
Data Portion of Hashed file of Type=J4 for Modulo=4 and Separation=3
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COPY
SYNTAX: COPY FROM [SOURCE FILE]TO [TARGET FILE] record names Eg: COPY FROM MCB.TRN TO MCB.TRN1 TEST This command copied the record from MCB.TRN to MCB.TRN1.
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FILE HANDLING WHEN ORACLE USED AS DATABASE FOR T24
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Data Storage in Oracle
Slide 50
Data Storage in Oracle With T24 Browser
Slide 51
Creating a XMLORACLE type File
Slide 52
Input Data From Jbase
View it in Oracle
Slide 53
COMMANDS
CLEAR.FILE To delete all records in dictionary or data file. You cannot use this statement to delete the file itself. Syntax : CLEAR.FILE DELETE.FILE Deletes the data file or dictionary file. Syntax : DELETE.FILE
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jQL
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JQL The jBase Query Language (jQL) provides the facility, which allows to retrieve data from the database in a structured order and to present the data in a flexible and easily understood format. It is used to process data in the database and to generate reports. They are
• • • •
Record selection for processing Report formatting Sorting
Data field manipulation capabilities
Enter JQL statements in the jBase prompt to see how each one works.
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LIST
List
To list all the records in a file for the given fields. Eg. LIST FBNK.CUSTOMER List File Fields Eg. LIST FBNK.CUSTOMER MNEMONIC SHORT.NAME NAME.1 Explicit List This list will select only those records which are given explicitly. Eg. LIST FBNK.CUSTOMER "1000000017" "1000000013"
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LIST
Listing of Specific records LIST FBNK.CUSTOMER WITH NAME.1 = “VAR1" “VAR2" “VAR3“ This will list those records whose Name.1 matches the above mentioned value. LIST FBNK.CUSTOMER WITH NAME.1 = “VAR1" AND WITH SHORT.NAME= “VAR2“ If both Name.1 and Name.2 matches then only the record will be retrieved.
LIST FBNK.CUSTOMER NAME.1 WITH NAME.1 LIKE “S…“ Will list only those records which starting with S
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SORT
Sort Sort will sort the record in ascending order. If you want to sort the records in descending order we have to explicitly mention in the sort statement. By default it will sort in ascending order. Sort File By Field Fields SORT FBNK.CUSTOMER BY NAME.1 NAME.2
• This command will sort the record by Name.1 in ascending order. Though it is not specified in the sort command by default it will take ascending order.
SORT FBNK.CUSTOMER BY-DSND NAME.1 • This command will sort the record by Name.1 in descending order.
SORT FBNK.CUSTOMER BY @ID BY NAME.1 • This command will sort the record by id and name in ascending order.
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SORT
BREAK-ON SORT FBNK.CUSTOMER BY NAME.1 BREAK-ON NAME.1 This command will insert a break each time the value in the Break-On field changes. (I.e) when the Name.1 changes there will be some spaces between records.
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COUNT
COUNT COUNT FBNK.ACCOUNT Count is used to count the total number of records in a file. SUPPRESS : DET-SUPP Details suppress SORT FBNK.ACCOUNT BY CUSTOMER BREAK-ON "'P'" CUSTOMER TOTAL WORKING.BALANCE DET-SUPP The command will list the total working balance for each customer without the account detail. Only the grand total of each customer will be listed. If DET-SUPP is not given then the command will list all the account and working balance for each customer along with the grand total of each Customer.
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COUNT
SUPPRESS : ID-SUPP Suppress the record ID from being displayed as the first field in any report. SORT FBNK.ACCOUNT BY CUSTOMER BREAK-ON "'P'" CUSTOMER @ID WORKING.BALANCE ID-SUPP By default the id of each record will be displayed even if the id column is not given. To suppress that id column we have to give Id-Supp.
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ESEARCH
ESEARCH This command will search for the string RADAR in Globus.BP. ESEARCH GLOBUS.BP STRING:RADAR STRING: 4 record(s) selected to SELECT list #0.
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UTILITIES
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COMO
Como is a Utility that is used to record the details which takes place in the terminal and this in-turn is stored as a record in COMO. Record will be stored in a directory &COMO& Como can be initiated from jsh prompt by COMO ON Como can be stopped by COMO OFF During EOD/COB process, COMO will be initiated automatically and it records the details for every process/agent
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WHERE & WHO
WHERE will display the details of processes executing jBase programs. It has to be executed from jShell prompt. WHO Utility that displays the port number and the user for the current process.
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AUTOLOGOUT
The AUTOLOGOUT command enables a session to be automatically logged off if there is no keyboard activity for a specified time. Syntax : AUTOLOGOUT n n - number of minutes of keyboard inactivity required before the session is logged off.
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CT
CT command used to display a record from a file to the terminal. Syntax : CT Example : CT MCBMU.BP TEST Output : 001 *------------------------------------------------------------------------002 * 0 003 *------------------------------------------------------------------------004 PROGRAM TEST 005 PRINT “HELLO WORLD!" 006 END
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SHOW-ITEM-LOCKS
The SHOW-ITEM-LOCKS command displays details of items that are locked in jBase hashed files. SYNTAX Jsh t24demo SHOW-ITEM-LOCKS A lock can be explicitly cleared with the CLEAR-ITEM-LOCKS command.
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CLEAR-ITEM-LOCKS
The CLEAR-ITEM-LOCKS command can be used to clear a specific lock or all locks taken against a specific file. This command can only be used with jBase hashed files. The user should have administrator rights to execute this command. SYNTAX : CLEAR-ITEM-LOCKS filename CLEAR-ITEM-LOCKS filename record name
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TOOLS
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JSHOW
Used to find data files, programs and subroutines It has to be executed from jshell prompt. Syntax : jshow -options name a display subroutine names in a shared object c display compile time and source file f filename search only h display help for jshow p program name only search s subroutine name only search
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JDIAG
Shows all environment variables and the assigned path from a jBASE perspective This has to be executed from the jshell prompt
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JSTAT
Jstat is the tool used to find the statistics of a data file It has to be executed from jsh prompt Syntax : JSTAT It can be applied only for a Hashed file. Output will show the Modulo and file space details.
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JRF
Badly sized file will always affect the performance So file need to be resized depending on the data flow JRF is the tool with which we can resize the data / Hashed file It has to be executed from the jsh prompt Syntax : JRF –options Options are - H3 Force to J3 file type - H4 Force to J4 file type - Sm(,s) Increase Modulo/seperation . Modulo -m ; seperation -s -R Reporting purpose only -D Allows downsizing of a file 75
JEDITOR
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jED
•
It is the preferred editing tool for the jBase – operating environment and suited to the editing of jBASIC programs.
•
jED editor is a full screen, context sensitive, screen editor designed specifically for ease of use and learning
•
It incorporates many powerful facilities for manipulating text and data, and contains all the features that programmers expect.
•
Configurable and customizable command keystrokes.
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JED COMMAND SYNTAX Syntax: jed pathname {pathname..} jed {DICT} filename{,filesection} {record-list} {(options)} DICT - This modifier is only required if you wish to edit records in the DICTionary of a j-file. filename - This is the name of the "file" containing the records. filesection - This is the file section name, as used in a j-file. record-list - It is possible to furnish a list of records to be successively edited. This can be a list of records separated by a space, or "\*" to indicate all records in the file.
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jED Editor screen Editor screen is divided into three sections 1. The editor status line at the top Eg. File PROGS, Record cust_rep.b Insert 10:45:17 2. The Command line Eg. Command
3. The data editing area, which fills the rest of the screen.
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jED COMMANDS
Ctrl G
Mark Block, 1st Start Blk, 2nd End Blk, 3rd Remove Mark
CBn
Copy Marked block before current line, n times
CAn
Copy Marked block after current line. n times
/string or L
Locate the next occurrence of "string"
MB
Move Marked block before current line
MA
Move Marked block after current line
BI
Format BASIC code
BION
Turn on Format indentation
! Cmd
Execute Command
!!
Re-execute last ! Cmd
HX or HEX
Toggle the display of the record in Hexadecimal 80
jED COMMANDS
Moves cursor to start of the current line.
Moves the cursor to the end of the current line.
Moves the cursor to the Command LINE
Deletes from the cursor to the end of the word, including the following white space characters
Clears text to the end of the line. If the cursor is situated at the end of the text line, then this Command will join the following line with the current line
Deletes the current line. By default, this key must be pressed twice to delete the line. This is to avoid accidental deletion by users familiar with vi. 81
jED COMMANDS
Locates the previous occurrence of a earlier located string. Redisplays the screen and discards the most recent updates (since the last carriage return). Copies the character at the corresponding cursor position on the line above the current line. Performs jBC program indentations on the current screen window. Exits the current record without writing away any updates. If the record has been changed within the current editing session then the editor will ask for confirmation to exit the modified record. Opens a new line. Any characters on the current line after the current cursor position are moved to the start of the new line. 82
REPLACE
Position the cursor on appropriate line and move to the Command-> Prompt R/OLD/NEW
: Changes first OLD to NEW on current line.
R/OLD/NEW/3 : Changes first 3 OLD to NEW on current line. R3/OLD/NEW
: Changes first OLD to NEW over 3 lines.
RU/OLD/NEW
: Changes all OLD to NEW on current line.
RU3/OLD/NEW : Changes all OLD to NEW over 3 lines.
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COPY AND MOVE - BLOCKS
Select the Block using Ctrl G and move to the Command-> Prompt CA : Copies block after line you are on. CA4 : Copies block 4 times after line you are on. CB : Copies block before line you are on. CB4 : Copies block 4 times before line you are on. MA : Moves block after line you are on. MB : Moves block before line you are on. DB : Deletes Block.
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SUMMARY
We have learnt Jbase architecture and access to jbase We discussed about use of Jbase environmental variables We thrown some light on jbase tools, utilities ,jeditor and JQL
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Thank You !!!
Presented By: Prakash Parupudi
Slide 86 Slide 86
CREATION AND MAINTENANCE OF FILES
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HOW TO CREATE A NON HASHED FILE?
•
To create a file in jBase use CREATE.FILE command. SYNTAX CREATE.FILE TYPE=UD This command Creates the data file and dict file.
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HOW TO CREATE A HASHED FILE?
•
To create a file in jBase use CREATE.FILE command. SYNTAX CREATE.FILE TYPE= This command Creates the data file and dict file.
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WORKSHOP
• Create a Non hashed file • Create a Hashed file with J3 type • Create a Hashed file with J4 type
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NON-HASHED FILE
CREATE.FILE MCB.TRN TYPE=UD Output : [ 417 ] File MCB.TRN]D created , type = UD [ 417 ] File MCB.TRN created , type = UD
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HASHED FILE
CREATE.FILE F.MCB TYPE=J4 4,2,3 4,3 Dict Modulo
: 4
Dict Separation
: 2
Dict Secondary Buffer size : 3 Data Modulo
: 4
Data Separation
: 3
Data Secondary Buffer size: Default Output : File F.MCB]D created , type = J4
File F.MCB created , type = J4 92
HASHED FILE Dict Portion of Hashed file of Type=J4 for Modulo=4 and Separation=2 and secondary buffer size = 3
2*4096= 8192 Bytes Modulo1
3*8192
2*4096=
2*4096=
2*4096=
8192 Bytes
8192 Bytes
8192 Bytes
Modulo2
Modulo3
Modulo4
3*8192
3*8192
3*8192
Secondary buffer size is allocated only when there is data overflow 93
HASHED FILE Data Portion of Hashed file of Type=J4 for Modulo=4 and Separation=4 and Default secondary buffer size
4*4096= 16384 Bytes Modulo1
2*16384
4*4096=
4*4096=
4*4096=
16384 Bytes
16384 Bytes
16384 Bytes
Modulo2
Modulo3
Modulo4
2*16384
2*16384
2*16384
Secondary buffer size is allocated only when there is data overflow 94
Thank You !!!
Presented By: Prakash Parupudi
Slide 95 Slide 95
