JAMMERS
THE PRESENT SCENARIO • THE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION SYSTEM IS VASTLY USED NOWADAYS • UNFORTUNATELY THE COMMUNICATION COMMUNICATION SYSTEM IS ALSO USED AGAINST THE SOCIETY AND HUMANITY EVEN FOR PERSONAL GAINS
• CELL PHONES, GPS SYSTEM AND RADIO COMMUNICATION ARE NOW WIDELY USED BY TERRORIST GROUPS • CELL PHONES CREATES NUISANCES IN GOVERNMENTAL INSTITUTIONS, WORKING PLACES, RELIGIOUS PLACES, HOSPITAL, PRISON, CONCERTS ETC..
JAMMER AS A REMEDY • JAMMING is the act of intentionally directing electromagnetic energy at a communication system to disrupt or prevent signal transmission. t ransmission. • A JAMMING device transmits on the same frequencies as the target hence disrupting the communications.
THE BASIC CONCEPT •
•
•
Voltage-controlled oscillator - Generates the radio signal that will interfere with the cell phone signal Tuning circuit - Controls the frequency at which the jammer broadcasts its signal by sending a particular voltage to the oscillator Noise generator - Produces random electronic output in a specified frequency range to jam the cell-phone network signal (part of the tuning circuit) RF amplification (gain stage) - Boosts the
LEGALITIES • India: government and schools use jammers. • United States: illegal to operate, manufacture, import, or offer for sale, with fines of up to $11,000 and imprisonment imprisonment of up to one year. • Pakistan: legal inside banks, often used also in libraries • United Kingdom: illegal to use, but legal to own
TYPES OF JAMMER JAMMER IS AN ABSTRACT IDEA OF JAMMING ANY LINK.THUS JAMMER CAN BE CATEGORIZE IN A NUMBER OF WAYS WE BRING FORTH A FEW IMPORTANT OF THEM
CELL PHONE JAMMER
VHF JAMMER
RADIO JAMMER
GPS JAMMER
RADAR JAMMER
CELL-PHONE JAMMER • CELL-PHONE FUNCTIONS IN A WAY THAT
THE SIGNAL IS CARRIED FROM BASE STATION TO SATELITE AND BACK DOWN TO THE REC -EIVER VIA THE SERVICE TOWERS. •
CELL PHONE JAMMERS JAM THE DOWN LINK SIGNALS DENYING
WORKING
It produces produces the frequency at the the cell cell freque freque It causes interference and cancel out signals. s ignals.
Hopping of frequency occurs to block frequency band. Interrupt the communication between base station and mobile. Call and SMS is barred.
OPERATION SCHEMA
SIGNAL BLOCKED
DESIGN AND IMPLIMENTATION
Power Supply
IF Section
RF Section
POWER SUPPLY • The Jammer is designed to take it’s power from
a source continuously. • A typical IF & RF sections of the jammer require +5, +9, and -9 DC Voltages. + Regulator +5V
Transformer
Rectifier
Filter
+ Regulator +9V - Regulator - 9V
FUNCTIONS OF I F-SECTION • The function of the IF-section of the Mobile jammer is to generate the tuning signal required by the VCO in the RF-Section • The main parts of the IF-Section are: – Triangular Wave Generator – Noise Generator – Signal Mixer and DC offset
IF SECTION
IF SECTION
TRIANGULAR WAVE GENERATOR
The circuit used to generate Triangular wave is the 555 Timer as astable multivibrator. The output frequency is given By F=1.44/{(R1+R2)Cex} following
NOISE GENERATOR • Noise will help in masking the jamming transmission, making it look like random "noise" to an ou observer. • The noise generator used is based on the a noise generated by a Zener breakdown phenomenon. • The noise generator circuit consists of: – A standard 6.8 volt Zener diode with a s – reverse current – Transistor buffer – National LM386 audio amplifier function
SIGNAL MIXER AND DC OFFSET CIRCUIT
The triangle wave and noise signals are mixed using Op-Amp configured as summer.
A DC voltage is added to the resulted signal to obtain the required tuning voltage using Diode-Clamper circuit.
FUNCTIONS OF RF SECTION • The RF-section is responsible for generating and transmitting the RF Jamming signal. The main parts are: VCO, Power Amplifier, and the Antenna
• All the parts used are internally matched to a fixed load, and hence transmission lines used are designed to have identical characteristic impedance
RF SECTION
RF
SECTION
VCO • The MAX2623 VCO from MAXIM IC was used to generate the required signal • The output frequency range for the VCO i 850 – 1000 MHz for a tune voltage from 0. – 2.6V. • The input tune frequency best suited the VCO was 120KHz to sweep the desired frequency range.
RF POWER AMPLIFIER • Two RF power amplifiers were used to achieve the required output power (i.e. 34dBm). • The first stage power amplifier was th MAR-4SM from Mini-Circuits it has a ga of 8dB for frequency range from DC to 1000 MHz •
so the output of this stage should b 5dBm
ADVANTAGES AND APPLICATIONS • It blocks unwanted signals. • It is used to maintain peace & silence. • It is used to interrupt terrorist communication. • It is used in security purpose .
GLIMPSE OF MIS-USES • It can be used for blocking signal illegaly.
• It can be used for tech-war.
• It can be used for self benefit.
RADIO JAMMER RADIO HOLDS AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN COMMUNICATION WHEN INFORMATION SHARING FROM REMOTE UNACCESSIBLE AREA IS SOUGHT
RADIO COMMUNICATION CAN BE DISRUPTED BY DECREASING SIGNAL TO NOISE RATIO
TYPES OF RADIO JAMMING Intentional
jamming
Unintentional jamming
INTENTIONAL JAMMING • Obvious jamming
• Subtle jamming
OBVIOUS JAMMING :- DISTORTED SIGNAL ARE RECEIVED
SUBTLE JAMMING :- NO SIGNALS ARE RECEIVED
UNINTENTIONAL JAMMING • operator transmits on a busy frequency without checking that it is in use first • equipment accidentally radiates a signal, such as a cable TV plant that accidentally emits on an aircraft emergency frequency
NETWORK JAMMING
Denial-of-service attack
TYPES OF denial-ofservice attack • Attacks on wired networks • Attacks on wireless networks
Methods of attack
Permanent Dos attack Distributed attack Reflected attack Unintentional attack
VHF/UHF JAMMERS • VHF/UHF COMMUNICATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY
FUNCTIONS FOR THE TRANSFERRENCE OF SIGNALS AT A WIDE RANGE BY ALMOST A STAND ALONE COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE. • VHF JAMMERS FUNCTIONS TO DENY
VHF JAMMER - ATTRIBUTES • VHF/UHF JAMMER 1 kW • RADIO SURVEILLANCE • AND JAMMING SYSTEM • VHF/UHF bands • Frequency range 20 - 500 MHz • Output power 1 kW/500 W • Complete signal analysis
JAMMER OPERATION MODES Frequency list scanning Band searching Wideband jamming Time division multiplexing multiplexing jamming Operation at dedicated frequency
VHF/UHF Radio Signal Classifier VHF/UHF JAMMERS FACILITATES RADIO SERVILLIENCE USING TWO SEARCH RECEIVERS
SIGNAL CLASSIFIER UNIT
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF VHF/UHF JAMMER
EJAB
JAMMER AGAINST BOMB
GPS JAMMER
WORKING OF GPS
NAVSTAR Global Positioning System SATELLITES PROVIDE RF SIGNAL
U P L I N K / D O W N L I N K
26 SATELLITES ON ORBIT
USER EQUIPMENT COMPUTES POSITION, VELOCITY AND TIME
CONTROL SEGMENT PROVIDES SATELLITE EPHEMERIS, CLOCK SYNCH AND COMMUNICATION INTERFACES
1 Watt GPS Jammer
JTFX 98-1 Affected Target Areas
NKC-135 at 10,000 ft. Target at Ground Level Power: 400W Location: Fort Bragg, N.C. •Green •Yel Yellow low •Red
Civil Receivers Affected Civilil Rec Civ Receiv eivers ers Den Denied ied Military Receivers Affected •Purple Military Receivers Denied
RADAR JAMMING
RADAR JAMMING
MECHANICAL JAMMERS
CHAFFS
CORNER REFLECTORS
DECOYS
CHAFFS • PIECE OF METAL FOILS WHICH WHEN FALLS THROUGH AIR CREATES AN ECHO ON RADAR SYSTEM
CORNER REFLECTORS
• CORNER REFLECTORS RE-RADIATES RADAR ENERGY MOSTLY BACK TOWARD ITS SOURCE
DECOYS • MANEUVERABLE FLYING OBJECT INTENDED TO DECEIVE A RADAR SYSTEM TO BELIEVE THAT THEY ARE ACTUALLY AIRCRAFT
• THEY CAN DANGEROUSLY CLUTTER UP RADAR WITH FALSE TARGET MAKING IT EASIER FOR THE ATTACKER GET CLOSE TO THE RADAR SYSTEM AND NEUTRALISE IT.
ELECTRONIC JAMMERS
SPOT JAMMERS
SINGLE
- FOCUSES ALL ITS POWER ON A FREQUENCY
SWEEP JAMMERS - ITS FULL POWER SHIFTS FROM ONE FREQUENCY TO ANOTHER
BARRAGE JAMMERS - JAMMING OF MULTIPLE FREQUENCY AT ONCE BY A SINGLE JAMMER
BASE JAMMERS
- A TYPE OF BARRAGE JAMMING IN WHICH ONE RADAR IS JAMMED ON ALL ITS FREQUENCIES WHILE OTHER WORKS
DRFM
- MANIPULATES RECEIVED RADAR
CREDITS • RAJKUMAR NANDY IT/06/15 • SANJIV KUMAR IT/06/14 • SUJIT KUMAR THAKUR IT/06/04 • MAHENDRA KUMAR YADAV IT/06/09 • SUKALYAN KONER
