DECLARATION I Nidhin hereby declare declare that that the Intern Internshi ship p report report entitl entitled ed “Organ “Organizat ization ion study study”” with with Nidhin PB hereby referenc referencee to “New “New Mangal Mangaluru uru Port Port Trust Trust,Pa ,Panam nambur bur,M ,Mang angalur aluru” u” prepar prepared ed by me under under the guidance of Mr Muneer T!, faculty of M"# department $epartment of Management %tudies, %tudies, Palaya Palayad d and e&ternal e&ternal assistan assistance ce by Mr. Babu Suresh Nath., New Mangauru P!rt Trust, Pana"bur ,Mangauru
I also declare that this Internship wor' is towards ,the partial fulfilment of the uni(ersity regulations regulations for the award of degree degree of Master of "usiness "usiness #dminist #dministration ration by $epartment $epartment of Management %tudies ,Palayad I ha(e undergone a summer pro)ect of a period of one month I further declare that this pro)ect is based on the original study underta'en by me and has not been submitted for the award of any degree*diploma from any other +ni(ersity*Institution
PlacePalayad $ate
Nidhin PB
AC#NO$LED%EMENT This dissertation is the the result of my my honest eort along along with the help rendered rendered to me by the following personalities to whom I am gratied. I express my sincere gratitude and in datedness to Mr. Muneer TK, Assistant rofessor, M!A rogramme, "epartment #f Management $tudies, alayad for guiding the pro%ect internship carried out by me and for her constant encouragement and support. I also express my gratitude to the external guide Mr. !abu $uresh &ath., "eputy "irector 'Tra(c), &MT Mangaluru, for their *aluable guidance, suggestion and co+operation in carrying out the pro%ect internship. I express my thans to "r. -a*eendran T., #", M!A rogramme, "M$ alayad , for his procient guidance and encouragement and support in carrying out the internship wor. I also than to all the teaching and non+ teaching sta members of M!A rogramme, "M$ alayad, for their constant concern and support. /inally yet importantly, I than almighty 0od, My arents, arents, My /riends and all my well wishers who ha*e directly or indirectly helped me in completing this pro%ect. This pro%ect report report was written by by me and in my own own words, except except for 1uotations from published and unpublished sources which are clearly indicated and acnowledged as such. My internal guide will not be held responsible if any plagiari2ed material is found in this report as I ha*e been ad*ised by her from time to time with regard to nature, unacceptability and conse1uences of plagiarism.
TABLE TABLE O& CONTENTS CONTE NTS
-hapter . Introduction Introduction . . -hapter / Industry Profile Profile 0 0 -hapter 1 -ompany Profile Profile 2 2 -hapter 3 $epartmental*4unctional $epartmental*4unctional #rea Profile/5 -hapter 0 %6OT #nalysis #nalysis 03 03 -hapter 5 -onclusion -onclusion 07 07 "ibliography02
Cha'ter (
INTROD)CTION ABO)T T*E INTERNS*IP (.( INTROD)CTION
#n internship is an opportunity offered by employer for a limited period of time The pro)ect wor' has been underta'en with an aim to study the organization at New Mangaluru Port Trust, Panambur This summer internship I% done during 1rd semester of M"# program by !annur +ni(ersity for . month under the e&ternal and internal guidance The study in(ol(es gathering of information pertaining to operations maintenance and other acti(ities of the organization This internship helps us to bridge the gap between the academics and wor' process, along with an oppo opport rtun unity ity to come come up with with new new idea ideas s The The 'now 'nowle ledg dgee and and e&pe e&perie rienc ncee gain gained ed from from the the inter interns nshi hip p will will be usefu usefull for for the the futu future re The The addi additi tion onal al s'il s'ills ls ac8u ac8uire ired d will will be help helpfu full in maintaining touch with employees (.+ TOPIC C*OOSEN &OR T*E ST)D
The topic chosen for the pro)ect is “Organization study at NMPT, Mangaluru” 4or e(ery wor'er in the organizat organization ion safety and his health health is most most import important ant aspect aspect and the organi organizati zation on is respon responsibl siblee for pro(id pro(iding ing the re8uir re8uired ed pro(is pro(ision ionss to the wor'er wor'erss who are wor'in wor'ing g in the hazardous en(ironment Maintaining proper safety at wor' place and health of employees is a responsibility of the management both morally and legally for an organization (.- NEED &OR T*E ST)D
6or' place plays a central role in people9s life, since most wor'ers spend at least eight hours a day in the wor'place, therefore, wor' en(ironment should be safe and healthy :et this is not the case for many wor'ers ;(ery day wor'ers all o(er the world are faced with a multitude of health hazards $uring the wor' hours, doc' wor'ers face lot of health problems and most of the time 3
they wor' dangerous wor' en(ironment Management should gi(e importance to the health and safety measures in the organization (. OB/ECTI0E O& T*E ST)D
O(erall study of the organization To study the (arious departments To analyze the product*ser(ices of the organization To focus on pro(isions gi(en by management to wor'ers towards health < safety
• • • •
(.1 SCOPE O& T*E ST)D
This study is for understanding the o(erall functioning in the organization and its (arious departments The company should underta'e measures to maintain satisfaction le(el of employees about the health and safety in the wor' place (.2 MET*ODOLO% ADOPTED
The (alue of any research is in the method adopted, it is the different methods which are used in research studies applying the theoretical sub)ect to the study #long with the graph and tables both primary and secondary data be used in this study9 Primary data
• •
Information collection was done through 8uestionnaire method Through interaction with the wor'ers and employees
%econdary data
• • •
-ompany records such as fmancial statement -ompany administrati(e report and )ournals -ompany websites
(.3 LITERAT)RE RE0IE$
4
The author =>ohn " Minor and Mary ?reen Minor9 in the boo' “Personnel and Industrial @elations and Managerial #pproach” In this boo' he has e&plained that the ma)or feature of safety management is the de(elopment of (arious committees to encourage pre(ention #nother feature is a pro(ision for accident reports whereby companies can identify particular problems and problem areas, in addition to satisfying go(ernment reporting re8uirements Pre(ention is done by safety training, publicity contests and control of the wor' en(ironment, safety inspections order and an impro(ed safety en(ironment The later trends to be found where there is a di(ersified safety program in process and considerable top management in(ol(ement in it The author =P %ubba @ao9 in his boo' “Personnel and Auman @esource Management” the author has e&plained that e(ery organization must put together and implement a safety policy %ince large number of wor'ers spend a great part of their time in an industries, their en(ironment is not usually prone to healthy life Bi'ewise, malnutrition, sanitary, psychological conditions and the strains and stresses come under condition whichCthey li(e The en(ironment e&poses them to hazards That is the reason why industrial health programs are introduced both for employers and wor'ers benefit It reduces absenteeism, labour turno(er, accidents and diseases The other benefits, which cannot be easily measured, include reduced spoilage, impro(ed morale, increased producti(ity per employee and a longer wor'ing period of an indi(idual The author =@ustom % $a(ar9 says that, irrespecti(e of legal pro(isions, e(ery progressi(e management is concerned with the employees health and pro(iding safety e(en as they are at wor' It is really the duty of the personnel department, or the personnel officer concerned, to ensure that pro(isions in this regard are properly obser(ed $ue to agreement with such pro(isions, they are e&pected to promote good employee health and safety which would result in better employee efficiency and producti(ity as well as enhance the employee morale and loyalty
5
=MrP Tamil(anan9 -hairman of NMPT says, in safety manual boo', in general safety aspects are generally ignored by ma)ority of Indian wor'ers in spite of safety aids, instructions, memories of accidents and dangerous occurrences residing in the minds of indi(idual wor'ers They o(erloo' safety precautions and 8uite often come to grief The situation can only be impro(ed by corrections and repeated reminders by super(isory staff # safety manual li'e this 6ill definitely help in bringing the need for safety and the way to achie(e safety in particular situations as gi(en The authors =Aerbert ? Aeneman ..., $onald P %chwab, >ohn #, 4ossum and Bee $ $yer say that, safety acti(ities in an organization are designed to reduce the occurrence of in)ury, illness and death among employees Prere8uisites to achie(ing this as an ability to measure accidents and identify their causes, particularly in the general sense of 'nowing what percentage of accidents are due to unsafe conditionsD significant here are safety standards created under the Aealth and safety act (.4 LIMITATIONS O& T*E ST)D
%ince the target group under learning constitutes a (ery large portion of employees, study is limited to only few employees In some cases the respondents were not willing to pro(ide certain information inspite of being assured the confidentiality would be maintained #nd the wor' schedule of the employees is busy and timely information carmot be gathered
Cha'ter + 6
IND)STR PRO&ILE +.( IND)STR PRO&ILE +.(.(%enera intr!du5ti!n
*ist!ry
National economic de(elopment of India fully depends on a healthy functioning of harbour system #ccording to the Ministry of %hipping, appro&imately 20 per cent of IndiaEs 8uantity by trade and FG per cent by (alue are made up through marine transport India has got .1 ma)or and /GG nonCma)or ports and -argoes traffic, which is documented in .,G0/ million metric tons HMMT in /G.0, and it is predicted to reach .,F07 MMT by /G.F The Indian ports and shipping industry, (ery important role is played in supporting growth in the country9s trade and commerce The si&teenth largest marine country in the world is India, ha(ing a shoreline of about F,0.F 'm The Indian ?o(ernment plays an significant role in sustaining the ports sector The 4oreign $irect In(estment H4$I of up to .GG per cent under the usual route for port and harbour construction and maintenance pro)ects are permitted by Indian ports It also facilitates a .GCyear ta& holiday to enterprise that de(elops, maintains and operates the ports ie inland waterways and inland ports The 'ast
The ancient port of the Aarappan culture refers to flourishing trade through sealine in /GGG "-, according to historical references, reflecting the port related de(elopments centuries ago The coast of India, with long history of maritime acti(ities, has been listed along with se(eral ancient ports The e(idence for the e&istence lies in port related structures in the seashores #t $wara'a,
7
@upen "andar, Porbandar and %ulthanpur and offshores ha(e been re(ealed the e&istence of ) etties by the marine archaeological e&plorations in the last three decades On the east coast during the %angam age, in Tamilnadu, had been the ocean commerce for the area The ancient literature #'ananuru of %angam era also suggest us about e&istence of /G to /0 ports in this region In Ptolemy geographical accounts, the notion was further documented in ?reco @oman, which clearly mentions the e&istence of .0 ports The 4rench came to Masulipatnam, Pondicherry, -handernagore and %urat to establish their = company in .55F The ;a%t India -ompany was estab lished by the "ritish in .F0FD they fought with 4rench for se(en years continuously and ac8uired the control o(er se(eral ports The 'resent
6hile the important ports were regarded as the gateways of the country, during post independence came under the union go(ernment, other ports were mo(ed into control of respected states and administered by them They e(ol(ed news ideas time to time and introduced se(eral measures to impro(e infrastructure at the port, since the successi(e go(ernments at the centre were fully aware of the facts that ports are not )ust the places but the growth engines The measures ha(e helped the go(ernment to pro)ect as country9s growth and it helped the policy ma'ers to bring down their demand on the sectors to become an icon India started witnessing the entry of contaminated cargoes into the country in the early .27G1 4or handling containers from ships -hennai port was the first port in India for ha(ing berth Ma)or ports, which are in the control of union go(ernment, began awarding contracts to foreign players to manage container terminals in their whar(es #fter globalization in early .22G, the country opened up for in(estments #nd it has helped the go(ernment to identify the mar'et size 8
for the segment #nd it also helped the ma)or ports to bring capacity addition in the container handling segments Meanwhile, non ma)or ports, which are in the control of maritime boards and pri(ates, ha(e e&pressed their role in increasing capacity in ocean iiEeight mo(ement # few of them ha(e also pro(ed their role in handling multi cargo at their berths and challenged the supreme condition of ma)or ports in their region The 6uture
Ma)or as well as non ma)or ports are wor'ing towards the same stream for economic de(elopment of the country, the system is in critical condition where there is a need to remo(e or eliminate the procedural failures to enhance the producti(ity in the ports The need for umbrella bodies is felt by the analysts where the issues and challenges related to the port could be ta'en with the primary program of benefitting the sta'eholders If the share of water in freight transport increases then it is undeniable fact that sustainable growth happens, clearing the barriers li'e colonial rules and regulations and (ariation in tariffs and other charges in the port sector is need 4urther, any setup where there will be a uniform in functioning of all the ports in the country on tariff and other economic aspects, it will contribute to the economy and prosperity of India Till /G.1 Indian shipping industries has maintain a negati(e outloo' by recei(ing low ratings -apacity o(er flow brought by the low le(el of international trade and additions are e&pected to 'eep rates closed across the chief segments of dry bul', tan'ers and container carriers in /G.1 $ue to high capacity adding dry bul' rates will 'eep on to be impacting in /G.1, In +% demand as well as in industrial acti(ity in growing nations including -hina, container and tan'er charge may e&hibit greater steadiness around the current low le(els determined by relati(e stability 9
#s they would be faced with high fuel costs on one hand and subdued re(enue in others, the operating margins of shipping companies globally would carry on to be under pressure in /G.1 "un'er fuel prices would remain high comparing with crude prices
Cha'ter -
COMPAN PRO&ILE :
-.( COMPAN PRO&ILE -.(.( %enera
The new Mangaluru port is all weather port situated at Panambur, Mangaluru H !amata'a state in south India on the west coast of India, .FG miles %outh of Marmagoa and .2. miles North of -ochin Port The MangaluruAarbor Pro)ect was started i7n .25/ and in .2F3 May first stage growth was done Old Mangaluru port which has his history of its own is located 2 'ilo meters south $ue to technical problem in e&pansion, the old port was unable to match the growing demand of modernized shippers and the necessity of new port was felt and was established The New Mangaluru deep sea all weather port concei(ed designed and was e&ecuted by Indian ;ngineers and was confirmed as the 2th ma)or port of the country on May 3th .2F3 and was officially inaugurated by the Prime Minister Indira ?andhi The go(ernment of India centrally administered both the pro)ect and port till 1.%t March .27G The port board was set up under the Ma)or Port Trust #ct .251 in #pril .27G, and was inaugurate by the minister for shipping and transport, #P %hanna on 1.%t March, .27G %ince then NMPT port has been performing as the .Gth ma)or port trust and “has included along with other Ma)or Port Trust operation in country 4rom . #pril .27G the re8uirements of the ma)or port trust act .251 were applied to NMPT To pro(ide the needs of the shippers, the port has been functioning as a means for the economicde(elopment of this region $uring the beginning period the port has grown from the le(el of conduct la'hs tones of traffic to 123G million tones handled during /G.1C/G.3
$hat NMPT !66ers
• •
Turn round time is 8uic' There is instant access to three national highways ;
•
• • • • • • • • • •
There is 8uic' access to southern, southCwestem and 'on'an railways G $ocumentation system is easy %ystem is totally computerized The road networ' inside the port is fully concretized There is no shortage of gangs They are specialized in handling all type of cargo ?eneral cargo berth* deep draii li8uid -alling of feeder regularly* mainline container (essels The harbor mobile cranes with .G0 T capacity is operated by pri(ate parties The container freight station is near to the port Modern cruise lounge is built The port operations are entirely co(ered under --TJ
Detais !6 de'art"ents7 se5ti!ns Ci8i Engineering De'art"ent
#ll the ci(il maintenance wor' related to port operations are maintained by this department and e&ecute re(enue and capital wor's related to infrastructure de(elopment and management of estate This department is in charge of maintenance of dredging and its capital The chief engineer is one of the principal officers of NMPT and also head of the department #ll the ci(il acti(ities are coordinated by the chief engineer Ae is in charge for planned and non planned wor's and he is also re8uired to (isualize future needs of the port Tra66i5 De'art"ent
This department handles all cargo handling acti(ities It ta'es care of registered cargo handling wor'ers, mar'eting function and management ser(ice di(ision +nder this department the administrati(e wing and doc' safety units are wor'ing The main function of the traffic department is as follows
• •
Jessel mo(ement and planning of the (essels to be berthed Ma'ing plans for cargo loading, unloading operation of the ships, transit operations, receipt and deli(ery Operations, warehouse storage operations and railway operations 3<
•
%ome commercial functions li'e generating and furnishing data for cargo related charges li'e weighing charges, demurrage, wharf age e8uipment related charges as well as
•
documentation aspects The Traffic manager e&ercises o(erall control the o(er the traffic department
Marine De'art"ent
Marine department is responsible for following functions "y pro(iding fire fighting arrangements they ensure safety Pilots are pro(ided for pilot age (essels They pro(ide tugs and launches to (essels at distress or a(ailing port facility -onser(ancy of the port %upplying fresh water to the (essels Maintain floating crafts and tuffs in good condition Ad"inistrati!n De'art"ent
?eneral administration, conducting board meetings, human resources de(elopment and management, public relations, all personnel matters of ministerial staff and officers, training, coordination, implementation* promotion of official language Aindi, monitoring court cases in different courts and maintaining harmonious industrial relations are loo'ed after by this department &inan5e De'art"ent
The main functions of the finance department are general accounting, re(enue collectingD ad(ice to the chief e&ecuti(e regarding financial matters along with establishment costs analysis, budgeting and auditing The 4inance #d(isors and -hief Officers H4#<-#O ha(e o(erall control o(er the finance department and ad(ice the -hairman and $eputy -hairman regarding the port finance The financial concurrence for the entire proposal is gi(en by 4#<-#O and proposals that are to be placed before the board of trustees
33
Me5hani5a Engineering De'art"ent
Mechanical engineering department is responsible for operation, procurement, maintenance of the electronically and mechanical e8uipments of the port The wharf cranes, mobile cranes, weigh bridesD for' lift truc's, diesel generators and other e8uipments are regularly maintained and ser(iced to offer round the cloc' ser(ice to the port users The central store di(ision procures (arious spares and consumables on timely basis #ll (ehicles of the port are ser(iced and repaired periodically to chec' the a(ailability throughout the wor'ing period Medi5a De'art"ent
#ll types of medical facilities and treatment are pro(ided to the port employees including cargohandling wor'ers The ser(ices offered by this department areD Port health care ser(ices, The ser(ices li'e ambulance (an facilities a(ailable in port trust hospital which is included as round a cloc' medical ser(ice, 4irst aid ser(ices are pro(ided in wharfs and wor'shop areas -.(.+ 0ISION
To be professional pro(ider of port infrastructure and ser(ices of world class standards
-.(.- MISSION
To become one of the leading li8uid and MultiCcargo Port in India by adopting the state of the art technology infrastructure and cargo handling, complying en(ironmental, social, safety and security standards -.(. 9)ALIT POLIC
34
-ommitment in pro(iding safe and cost effecti(e ser(ices related to seaport facilities at NMPT, meeting statutory and regulatory re8uirements %tri(ing for protection of en(ironment, pro(ide e&cellent ser(ice and enhancement of customer satisfaction through the use of an effecti(e 8uality management system and continual impro(ements of all processes -.(.1 PROD)CT 7 SER0ICE PRO&ILE
New Mangaluru Port handles di(ersified cargoes for e&port and import through containers "usiness initiati(e made by port is responsible for the upward trend in container traffic The port has pro(ided all infrastructure facilities li'e container freight stations, pa(ed stac' yards, hea(y duty cranes, reach stac'ers and reefer plug points for smooth mo(ement and facilitation of the containerized cargo I"'!rts
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
-rude Oil Bi8uefied Petroleum ?as HBP? Polymerase HPOB ;dible Oil Phosphoric #cid Bi8uefied #mmonia -hemicals 4ertilizers 6heat 4ertilizer @aw materials -ement Bimestone -oal "ent powder Iron powder Iron ore pellets Timber %ugar
E:'!rts
35
• • • • • • • • •
Iron ore pellets and fines M@PB Products ?ranite stone Manganese ore -hrome ore Maize -offee @eefer cargo Molasses
-.(.2 AREAS O& OPERATION Carg! handing i"'!rt and e:'!rt
The cargo handling in NMPT can be roughly di(ided into two groups, dry and bul' li8uids "ul' li8uids are mainly handled at the POB )etties which are located at the south west side of the port, and dry bul' is handled at the North east side of the port The e&act distribution of commodities is not presented in the administrati(e reports and was obtained during the discussion with the NMPT New Mangaluru Port Trust has handled more cargo in the year of /G.1/G.3 financial year The highlight in cargo handling came when NMPT emerged as the largest BP? handling port among ma)or ports in country The port achie(ed the traffic record of 1FGF million tons K during fiscal year /G.1 Land ease t! '!rt users
In utilizing the powers listed under section 32 of the ma)or port trust #ct, .251, the tariff #uthority for ma)or ports hereby appro(es the proposal of New Mangaluru Port Trust for lease of port lands as in the order appended here to Bun;ering 6a5iities
"un'ering in the port is possible but only for the bun'ering of barges There is no proper idea that the ship will berth at dedicated bun'ering )etties in the port %hips should be mo(ed along the 8uay wall during the loading and discharging of the ships The new POB* crude )etty at the 36
location of the present (irtual )etty, berth .1 can be designed in such a way that both tan'ers and bun'ering barges can mo(e simultaneously -.(.3 IN&RASTR)CT)RE &ACILITIES
• • • • • • • • •
.5 berths $raught up to .3 meters Total capacityF5FF million metric tons per annum %torage capacity -o(ered 00,GGG18 meters Open .,5G,GGG18 meters Bi8uid /,GG,GGG s8 meters Band area /,G1/ acres 6aterfront 1/G acres
-.(.4 COMPETITORS
India has a coastline on both sides of F0.55 'ilometers, form one of the biggest peninsulas in the world It is ser(iced by .1 ma)or ports, .7F notify minor and inCbetween ports Indian go(ernment has a central structure, and according to its constitution, maritime transport is to be administered by both the central as well as state go(ernment 6hile the central go(ernments shipping ministry ta'es care of the ma)or ports, the minor and intermediate ports administered by the related departments or ministries in the nine coastal states 6est "engal, Oddissa, #P, Tamil Nadu, !erala, !amata'a, ?oa, Maharastra and ?u)arat %e(eral of these .7F minor and intermediary ports ha(e been identified by the particular go(ernments to be de(eloped, in a point manner, a good proportion of them in(ol(ing public Cpri(ate partners hip State P!rts #arwar P!rt
The busiest port in the state is !arwar port !arwar, a state owned port, e&ports 3G,GGG tonnes of iron ore in financial year !arwar port is well connected with both railway and road way
37
networ'ing The national highway .F, connecting -ochin and Mumbai, passes through !arwar and the !on'an @ailway line connecting Mangaluru and Mumbai also pro(ides a stop at !arwar Ma
-hennai port, which is the third oldest port among the =./ ma)or ports, is an rising hub port in the ;ast -oast of India This gateway port for all cargo has co(ered ./7 years of glorious ser(ice to the nation9s maritime trading It was formerly 'nown as Madras Port Initially it was built in .75., but the storm of .757 and .7F/ made them inoperati(e %o an artificial harbour was built and the operations were initiated in .77. The -hennai ports shares of Iron ore e&port from India is ./ percent It has operated and maintained 5, .G 0F,GGG tons of cargoes from #pril /GG2 to March /G.G In .271, the port herald the country9s first dedicated container terminal facility Aa(ing the capabilities of handling fourth generation (essels, the terminal is ran'ed in the top .GG container ports in the world %ri #tulya Misra is the present chairman of the port Tuti5!rin P!rt
The Tuticorin port which is situated on the east coast of state of Tamil Nadu was declared as a ma)or port in >uly, .2F3 #fter Independence, the minor port of Tuticorin witnessed a prosperous trade and handled a (ariety of cargo meant for the neighboring countries of %ri Ban'a, Maldi(es etc weather ma)or port were merged on .%t #pril .2F2 and the Tuiticorin Port Trust was constituted Two operational zones which are zone # comprising the new ma)or port zone " are representing the old anchor port Tuiticorin is the only port in %othern India to offer a direct wee'ly container ser(ice to +nited %tate of #merica It has maintained /, 1F, 7F, GGG tons of cargoes from #pril /GG2 to March /G.G
38
#!;ata P!rt
The oldest ma)or port in country is !ol'ata There is ri(erside port with two doc' one is !ol'ata doc' at !ol'ata with the oil whar(es at "a)ba) and deep water doc' at Aaldia doc' The port remains one of the de(eloping, leading and most promising ports in India it has a hinterland which is (ast and it is of almost half of the Indian states and two neighbouring countries, li'e Aimalayan 'ingdom9s of Nepal and "hutan It handles 3, 5/, 20GGG tons of cargoes from #pril /GG2 to March /G.G %ri @P%!ahlon is the chairman of !ol'ata port C!5hin P!rt
T o peninsular India port -ochin is the fastest de(eloping maritime gateway It is an artificial island dug inside the bac'waters which is situated on the 6illingdon Island It was established in .2/5, it was formed naturally by floods of Periyar, which harmed the Muzuris port, which is one of the great port of (ery old world -ochin is the closest to the international east shipping routes amongst all ma)or ports This geo strategic site gi(es it a distinct benefit o(er other ports It handled ., F3, /2GGG tons of cargo during #pril /GG2 to /G.G %ri Paul #ntony is the present chairman of -ochin port M!r"ug!a P!rt
It is the oldest port in from centuries with modern infrastructural facility on west coast of India and one of the natural harbors in the world The port was declared as ma)or port on $ecember .251 It is the iron e&ports port in India with a yearly income of appro&imately /5F3 million tons of iron ore which came into e&istence officially in .777 The port has organized wor' culture and e&cellent infrastructure de(eloped It has deep drait channel with .33 meters depth gi(es permission for entering of large (essels into the harbor It has maintained 3, 77, 3F,GGG tons of cargo from #pril /GG2 to March /G.G The chairman of Mormugoa port is %ri I >eya'umar
39
/awahara Nehru P!rt
This port is name after the Indian Prime Minister >awaharlal Nehru To become an e&pert in international container handling port in India, the port was built in the mid of 7G1 and made to order on /5th may .272 and is an e&cellent international port has emerged as efficient modern port in this region The de(elopment pro)ect ta'en is, pro(iding o(er all pilot age to all ocean Jessel of the port It has maintained 50 percent of India9s sea traffic %ri N N !umar is the present chairman of >awaharlal Nehru port trust Mu"bai P!rt
Mumbai port was established in E/5th >une, .7F1 as "ombay port trust with .10 years of prominent ser(ice to the nation It is the /mi oldest port in India after !ol'ata and is natural deep water port Today, Mumbai port is a multipurpose port maintaining all types of cargo, li8uid bul', dry bul', brea' bul' and containers The port pro(ides all ser(ices in house with its s'illed and e&perienced wor' force Mumbai port handles about .. percent of the total seaCborne traffic all o(er India It has three together with these wet doc's along with 51 anchorage points $uring apri./GG2 to march /G.G it has handled 0, 30, 31GGG tons of cargo The chairman of the Mumbai port is %ri :#6anage L Paradi' P!rt
Paradip is one of the ma)or ports of India wor'ing in the eastern and central part of India It is situated /.G miles from south of !ol'ata and /5G miles north and it is the only ma)or port in Orissa Bate chief minister of Orissa was the founder person of Paradip port, .25/ the go(ernment of India later too' o(er the management of the port from go(ernment of Orissa in .250 and declared it as the eighth ma)or port of India, ma'ing it as first ma)or port of east of independent India %ri Mo((a Tirumala !rishna "abu is the chairman of Paradip port
3:
0isha;ha'atna" P!rt
It is countryEs one of the largest port and is home to eastern na(y command of Indian na(y It has supplied 5, 00, G., GGG tons of cargo from #pril /GG2 to March /G.G It is one among the busy wor'ing ports in India and it has similarities with the $urban ports of #frica, because of the surrounded by a hill in the southern side of the port This port is a natural AarborD it was opened to commercial shipping on Fth of October .211 It has grown up today into a multi commodity port with (ariegated cargo -.(.= S$OT ANALSIS
NMPT has a number of strength and wea' points in terms of its position in Indian and international port facility and ser(ice mar'ets #long with that anther it face a number of F opportunities and threats Strength
•
The port of New Mangaluru is ideally positioned to the logistics ser(ice industry and its
•
customer base for a number of reasons in #rabian %ea basin The port is suited to fulfill the cargo flow for south Indian cargo that originate or are destined for the state of !amata'a and partly for !erala The hinterland consists of population and a (ariety of industries such as the garment producing industry, mineral ore production, thermal power plants, electronic e8uipment and consumer goods li'e coffee
•
and refrigerated cargoes 6ith a hinterland area of about 0G ml inhabitants NMPT has a base to handle a substantial (olume of containers for both the imports and e&ports The distance by road or rail for neighbouring ports is /0G'ms or more, which supports shippers of goods to choose New
•
Mangaluru, based on cost of transport from origin to destiny The port is e8uipped and maintained with deep water berthing up to .0. m depth and is operated e&cept on three national holidays #nd howe(er shipping acti(ities are carried 3;
out during these three national holidays also These pro(ide facilities for all types of
•
cargoes and also gi(e /3 hour ser(ice There is sufficient bac'up area a(ailable This allows pro(isional storage and handling
•
operations to be e&ecuted or to be established The NMPT has a healthy financial position both balance sheets and profitability
$ea;ness
•
The marine infrastructure is designed to allow ships of ma& length o(er all /30 In this shows ship o(er dead weight tonnage .GG,GGG cannot be handled in this port due to
•
na(igational constraints and the channel depth and width -argo handling for certain cargoes li'e dry bul' cargoes is done manually which results in
•
high turnaround time for ships This creates high cost of transport to shippers of goods To deploy the port9s doc' labour e&isting terminal is re8uired only to cargo handling operations This restricts NMPT to enter into contracts with pri(ate operators that manage NMPT terminal with their own labour force and labour cost compared to that in minor* pri(ate Indian ports that are at the liberty to employ and manage labour
O''!rtunities
•
NMPT has lots of opportunities to increase its output and impro(e its functioning %ome pri(ate customers show interest in de(eloping berths and )etties and the time for public
•
partnership deals The high (olume of cargo creates a base of income to NMPT and will result in sound operating profits This automatically implies that funds are a(ailable in future for infrastructure de(elopment preferably in cooperation with pri(ate in(estors and operators
•
of cargo handling The participating in the special purpose (ehicle established to de(elop the MangaluruEs %pecial ;conomic one creates mrther opportunity to proceed with the acti(ities that benefit from ta& incenti(es #part from the in(ol(ement of NMP, the %; will generate additional cargo flows from the nearby industrial and trading acti(ities 4<
Threats
NMPT faces the structure of e(er disturbing handicap of being, a public controlled enterprise Many regulations limit the management become independent and professional organization, such as labour laws, A@ routines and the labour conditions of the mar'et 4urther the international (essel size impro(ement will create additional financial burden of capital dredging and strengthening of 8uay structures The portEs competence at present is short of certain s'ills and to cope up with these in future rationalization of acti(ities and promoting a stimulating the mar'ets -.(.(> &)T)RE %RO$T*S AND PROSPECTS
NMPT has a number of plans to de(e.Gp e(ery aspect to satisfy customerEs needs •
$e(elopment of port based %; The port is supposed to )oin %PJ of Mangaluru %;E a company floated by ?O! and MP@PBCON?- and !I#$" by leasing re8uired land for port facilities for the pro)ects going on under %; area The ministry has appro(ed “inC principle” participation in special purpose (ehicle formed for Mangaluru %; zone at new Mangaluru Port The port is proposed to in(est ..0 crores ie ./ of the e8uity in %PJ
•
• • • • • • • • •
of M%;B The draft of the NMPT in %; is being finalized in consultation with M%; -onstruction of a new multipurpose general cargo berth for handling general cargo and containers $e(elopment of BN? terminal at NMPT $e(elopment of coal handling facilities for capti(e user %PM for POB Mechanization of iron ore handling 6estern doc' arm $e(elopment of bun'ering facilities $eepening of the harbour Increased railwa( siding and facilities Outer harbour de(elopment 43
-.(.(( &INANCIAL STATEMENT
Parti5uars Biabilities %hare -apital @eser(es #nd %urplus Boan 4und $eferred Biability -urrent Biabilities TOTAL #ssets 4i&ed #ssets In(estment "an' "alance Boans and #d(ances 4und In(estments TOTAL
+>(1 A"t ib Rs
+>( A"t in Rs
/G,32,55,G0,735
.2,./,15,/3,F./
.,.5,1/,0/,7.. ./,33,./,/7,2F2 -,>2,(>,43,212
.,.1,32,7G,7.. ..,G0,23,7F,FF/ -(,-(,4>,=-,+=1
F,/7,15,3F,2.7 .G,.G,G.,G2,G0F 1,07,.3,1.0 0,//,53,32,.10 F,27,22,05,37. -,>2,(>,4(,212
5,75,11,00,/25 .G,G3,G1,G.,3.. 1,31,G2,/0/ 3,/F,FG,07,507 5,FF,0/,77,F/1 -(,-(,4>,=-,+=1
44
Inter'retati!n
The abo(e table shows the balance sheet of New Mangaluru Port Trust for the year /G.3 and /G.0 In the year /G.3 the total asset and liability was @s 1.,1.,7G,21,/20 and in the year /G.0 was @s 13,G5,.G,7.,505 %o the total amount of balance sheet in the year /G.0 has been increased comparing to /G.3
45
Cha'ter
DEPARETMENTAL 7&)NCTIONAL AREA PRO&ILE .(.( OR%ANI?ATIONAL STR)CT)RE
Minister of surface transport is the supreme head representing central go(ernment for NMPT The o(erall responsibility for efficient management and operation of ma)or ports (ests in central go(ernment followed by board of trustees with strength of .F members Ma)or ports are autonomous bodies run by the board of tmstees, constituted under the ma)or ports act .251 The trustees, appointed on these boards by the central go(ernment, representati(es, interests and wor'ers employed in port
Ministry of shipping '0o*t. #f india)
!oard of Trustees
=hairman
"y. =hairman
Administr ation'$ecr etary)
/inance '=A#?/= )
=i*il 'chief >ng.)
46 Mechanical 'chief >ng.)
Marine 'chief >ng.)
Tra(c 'Tra(c Manage
Medical 'Med. #(cer)
.+.( 0ARIO)S DEPARTMENTS IN NMPT AND RESPONSIBILIT MANA%EMENT SER0ICE DI0ISION
Traffic department administrates management ser(ice di(ision of the port Its functions include preparing presentation as a part of business de(elopment to highlight the achie(ements of the port to (arious port users, trade, and shippers "esides, this di(ision prepares re(iew reports on (arious operational parameters and monitor the port operation to reduce time of the (essels called at the port $eputy $irector is the head of M%$ produced by other staffs CI0IL EN%INEERIN% DEPARTMENT
The department maintains and operates all ci(il maintains wor' related to port operation and e&ecute re(enue and capital wor's related to infrastructure de(elopment of estate The department is also in charge of capital and maintenance dredging The -i(il ;ngineer is the head of the department and he is one of the principle officers of NMPT Ae is possible for all the ci(il engineering acti(ities of NMPT Ae is also re8uired to (isualize future needs of the port -i(il engineer is the engineer in charge for entire plan and nonCplan wor's The maintenances and e&ecution of all ci(il engineering wor's come under super(ision of ci(il engineer Main functions and responsibilities of -i(il ;ngineering $epartment are construction and maintenance of whar(es, transit sheds, (arious buildings, roads including residential accommodations in the Port area and the Management of Port estate $redging is also carried out by -i(il ;ngineering $epartment The 6ater supply both for wharf and 8uarters of NMPT is
47
under the -i(il ;ngineering $epartment The planning and de(elopment pro)ect in future construction is also with the -i(il ;ngineering $epartment
ADMINISTRATI0E DEPARTMENT
The personal management and administration coCordination, which includes management of legal, welfare, labour, public, industrial relation are under control of this department The onsite training programming through the National Institution of Port Management HNIPM and Indian Institute of Port Management H..PM to officers and employees are arranged by port and managed by administration The secretary e&ercises the o(erall control o(er the administrati(e department The #dministration $epartment loo's after the general administration, human resources de(elopment and management in New Mangalore Port, conducting board meetings, Public @elation, all personnel matters of Ministerial %taff and officers, training, coCordination, Implementation*promotion of Official Banguage Aindi monitoring court cases in different courts and maintaining harmonious Industrial @elations MEC*ANICAL DEPARTMENT
The maintenance and operation of all mechanical e8uipment9s, installation of cargo handling e8uipment9s, staff cars, electrical installation Port, wor'shop, and central stores are some of the functions of this department The chief mechanical engineer is the head of the department The Mechanical ;ngineering $epartment is responsible for the procurement, operation, maintenance and disposal of mechanical and electrical e8uipments of the Port The wharf cranes, mobile cranes, 4or' Bift Truc's, 6eigh "ridges, $iesel generator and other e8uipments are 48
regularly ser(iced and maintained to offer round the cloc' ser(ice to the port users "esides, the central stores di(ision procures (arious spares and consumables from time to time on need basis #lso, the unser(iceable and condemned machinery, machinery parts, (ehicles and other related scrap are disposed off through central stores #ll Port (ehicles are ser(iced and repaired periodically to ensure a(ailability throughout MEDICAL DEPARTMENT
-hief medical officer, who is a professional doctor, heads this department %er(ice pro(ided by the medical department is
Port health care ser(ice @ound the cloc' ser(ice including ambulance (an facilities a(ailable in the port
trust hospital Pro(iding first aid facilities in wharf, wor' shop etc
The Port Trust Aospital is e&tending medical facilities not only to the Port employees*doc' wor'ers and their families but also to the -I%4, @esident #udit Office %taff and their families, Pensioner and also -oast ?uard, @adio 6ind Obser(atory, -ustoms on payment basis and also e&tending emergency treatment for outsiders %ome of the ma)or*minor surgeries are being carried out in the PTA Operation Theatre &INANCE DEPARTMENT
The important functions of the financial department are general accounting re(enue collections and establishment cost analysis, budgeting, auditing and achie(e the chief e&ecuti(e regarding financial matters The electronic data processing unit also function under this department The financial ad(isor and chief account officer e&ercises o(erall control o(er the finance department and ad(ice the chairperson and deputy chairperson regarding the port finance Ae is also the member of tender committee in the respect of tender costing more than rupees li(e 49
Ba'hs The finance ad(isor and chief account officer gi(e financial concurrence to the entire proposal and the proposals that yet to be placed before the board of trustees Presentation of the annual budget estimate*recei(ed estimate for the current year and annual accounts for the preceding year is same of responsibility of finance officer and chief account officer Important functions of 4inance $epartment are general accounting, re(enue collection, establishment, contractual payments, cost analysis, budgeting, auditing and ad(ising to the -hief ;&ecuti(es regarding financial matters ;$P unit is also functioning under this department
MARINE DEPARTMENT
%upply of fresh water to the (essels maintains tugs and all floating crafts in a good condition for ser(ice The deputy conser(ator e&ercises the o(erall control o(er the marine department Ae is held responsible for crisis management, (essel related charges such as port dues, pilot age etc The main functions of Marine $epartment are general conser(ancy and waterfront operations pertaining to Pilotage of ships of this Port and ensure safety and loo' after fire fighting arrangements, pro(iding tugs and pilots for piloting (essels, maintain tugs and all floating crafts in a good condition for ser(ice $eputy -onser(ator is also responsible for crisis management, JTM% < I%P% TRA&&IC DEPARTNIENT
The department administrates all cargo handling operation The departments ta'e care of the mar'eting functions The management ser(ice di(ision, registered cargo handling wor'ers, administrati(e wing, and doc' safety units are wor'ing under this department The main function of traffic department is as follows
The allotment of berths and also collection of berth hire charges 4:
Planning for cargo handling, unloading operation of the ships, transit operation @eceipt
and deli(ery operations, yard* warehouse storage operation, railway operations %ome of the commercial functions generation and furnishing data for cargo related charges, li'e wharf age, e8uipment related charges, weighting charges, demurrage as well
as documentation aspects The traffic manager e&ercises the o(erall control o(er the traffic department
The main functions of Traffic $epartment are planning for the (essels to be "erthed and the (essel mo(ements Planning for cargo * loading * unloading, operation of ship, transit operation, receipt and deli(ery operation, yard * warehouse storage operation, railway operations for the mo(ement of cargoes %ome of the commercial functions of Traffic $epartment are generating and furnishing data for collecting cargo related charges li'e wharfage, e8uipment related charges, rental charges, weighment charges, demurrage as well as documentation aspects The department ta'es care of mar'eting functions, Management %er(ices, $oc' %afety units are wor'ing under the Traffic Manager 0I%ILANCE DEPARTMENT
-hief (igilance Office=heads (igilance department of the port The (igilance department has ta'en up important role in system impro(ement which has ran'ed in 8uality impro(ement in ci(il* ma&imal electrical and mechanical contract wor's impro(ing # close monitoring is maintained by the -hief Jigilance Officer of the Port Trust on the (arious acti(ities of the Port where corrupt practices are li'ely to be committed by the employees #ll complaints recei(ed by the Jigilance are promptly and properly in(estigated and action ta'en as per rule Port users * employees can submit complaints regarding misuse of Port fund or corruption to the -hief Jigilance Officer Jigilance $epartment is also closely in(ol(ed in system impro(ement to pre(ent corruption in different areas
4;
.-.(
I"'!rtan5e !6 e"'!yee@s heath and sa6ety
The area under discussion of safety and accident pre(ention is of significant distress to managers for se(eral reasons 4or one thing the information regarding wor' related accidents are rather o(erwhelming The National %afety -ouncil reports, for e&le, that for a latest year there are o(er .3GGG deaths and almost /0G million in)uries resulting from accidents at wor' Many safety e&perts feel that these numbers critically underestimate the actual number of in)uries The +% Public Aealth %er(ice, for the similar period, gi(es information about almost 70G million in)uries and e(en this last figure doesn9t include in)uries that didn9t restrict the in)ured person9s acti(ities for which he e&pected no medical notice They don9t reflect the human suffering incurred by the in)ured wor'ers and their families They don9t reflect the economic costs incur by these wor'ing class employers costs for things li'e time off, insurance and medical payments Nor do they reflect the legal implication of the problem li'e the managers who were sue or imprisoned for failing to co(er safe wor' places
.-.+
*eath
#n important function of human resource management is to choose the employees and to pro(ide them healthy wor'ing conditions so that their efficiency and producti(ity can be increased and maintained and also the problems of absenteeism and turno(er can be minimized #ccording to the )oint IBO6AO -ommittee on Organizational Aealth “Industrial health is a The pre(ention and maintenance of physical, mental and social well being of wor'ers in all occupation b Protection of wor'ers in their employment from ris' resulting from factors unfa(orable to health c Pre(ention among wor'ers of ill health caused by the wor'ing condition d Placing and maintenance of the wor'er in a occupational en(ironment adapted to this physical and psychological en(ironment 5<
.-.-
Industria heath is reuired
. To maintain and impro(e producti(ity and 8uality of wor' / To ad(ance employee moti(ation and moral 1 To reduce spoilage and cost of operations 3 To reduce industrial unrest, indiscipline, accidents and minimize absenteeism and turno(er 0 Promote and maintain the highest le(el of physical, mental and social well being of wor'er .-. Tw!
as'e5ts !6 heath
. Aealth hazards / Aealth ris's Aealth hazards Aealth hazards are condition which may cause diseases to the wor'ers #ccording to @onald "la'e these hazards may be classified into chemical, biological, en(ironment and psychological a -hemical hazards chemical hazards produced from certain chemicals and gases such as -arbon mono&ide, carbon dio&ide, nitrogen o&ide, sulphuric o&ide, hydrocarbon, ozone and (arious acids These chemicals and gases may also affect s'in or internal parts of the body through breathing and may cause different diseases b "iological hazards biological hazards are in the form of bacteria, Jiruses, fungi, insects etc which cause (arious diseases "esides, dietary deficiencies, e&cessi(e drin'ing, allergies etc are also the source of diseases c ;n(ironmental hazards en(ironmental hazards are in the forms of noise, radiation, (ibration and improper atmospheric conditions @adiation is caused by the use of &Crays or radioacti(e isotopes ;&cessi(e radiation causes redness of eyes, genetic disorders, cancer and sterility ;&cessi(e noise is another source of diseases such as temporary or permanent deafness, ner(ousness etc e&cessi(e (ibration may cause ner(e in)ury, inflammation of 53
tissues of )oints etc inappropriate atmosphere conditions are caused by inappropriate light, (entilation, temperature, cleanliness and dusty en(ironment These may result into a number of diseases such as poor eye sight, headache, heat stro'es, heat cramps etc d Psychological hazards psychological hazards are in the form of stress and an&iety affecting conditions 6hile many improper physical conditions e&isting at the wor' place may produce stress and an&iety, there may be many stress generating psychological factors such as fear of loss of )ob, denied opportunities for promotion, poor super(ision, poor peer relationship, (arious organizational practices not conducti(e to employees etc these conditions may cause stress afar from the tolerance limit of the employees and they ha(e different types of physical and emotional malad)ustments
.-.1
*eath ris;s
These are the results of physical conditions and presence of industrial poisonous and nonC poisonous gases and dust in the atmosphere ad)oining the wor'place In the process of con(ert raw materials into finished products, some elements enter the human body in such 8uantity that causes danger to the health 4or e&le, in thermometer manufacturing process, wor'ers health is affected badly because of the long and continued inhalation of mercury (apors
.-.2
Statut!ry 'r!8isi!n 5!n5erning heath
Jarious statutory pro(isions concerning industrial health ha(e been made in chapter ... sections .. to /G of 4actories #ct, .237 The pro(isions are as follows, . -leanliness Hsec .. e(ery factory should be 'ept clean and free from efflu(ia from arising any drain, pri(y or other nuisance "uilding should be white washed at least once in fi(e years 4loors should be swept and cleaned e(ery wee'
54
/ $isposal of wastes and effluents from factories Hsec ./ proper arrangements should be made for their disposal and treatment 1 Jentilation and temperature Hsec.1 pro(ision should be made for the circulation of fresh air, and temperature should be maintained by building walls and roofs of such materials as would 'eep it within reasonable limits Aigh temperature may be controlled by white washing, spraying and insulating the factory premises and by screening outside walls, roofs and windows 3 $ust and fumes Hsec.3 effecti(e measures should be planned to pre(ent, or at any cost reduce, the inhalation and accumulation of dust and fumes ;&hausting appliances should be used near the point of the origin of dust and fumes 0 Bighting Hsec .FD sufficient and appropriate lighting, natural or artificial or both should be made a(ailable in the factory premises 5 #rtificial humidification Hsec.0 in respect of all factories in which temperature of the air is artificially increased, the state go(ernment ma'e rules regarding standards of humidification It may also ma'e rules regulating the methods used for artificially increasing the humidity of the air It may further ma'e rules prescribing methods to be adopted for securing proper (entilation and cooling of the air in the wor'rooms F O(ercrowding Hsec .5 no room should be o(ercrowded There should be at least 0GG cu ft of space for e(ery wor'er 7 $rin'ing water Hsec .7 a sufficient 8uantity of cool drin'ing water should be made a(ailable for the employees throughout the year, particularly during the hot summer months 2 +rinals and latrines Hsec .2 ade8uate urinals and latrines should be separately pro(ided for men and women employees .G %pittoons Hsec /G in e(ery factory, there shall be pro(ided a sufficient number of spittoons in con(enient places and they shall be maintained in a clean and hygienic condition .. 4irst aid appliances there should be an ade8uate number of bo&es containing first aid materials, 8ualified personnel to administer first aid, and an ambulance or at least a room where an in)ured employee may be gi(en first aid 55
..
Sa6ety
# large number of industrial incidents occur e(ery year resulting in diseases and in)uries, fatal and non fatal The direct conse8uence of accident is loss of man hours, demoralization of wor'force, payment of I compensation and other e&penses including medical assistance e&penditures #s a legal matter, safety implies a state of relati(e security from accidental in)ury or death due to measures designed to guard against occurring of accidents
..(
Ob
#doption of safety is of paramount importance to an organization because of
To pre(ent loss of human life To install a sentence of confidence and ownership amongst the sta'eholders, including employees and general public To create awareness and de(elop safety habits To pro(ide safe wor'ing condition To control financial loss To impro(e producti(ity To impro(e compliance of statutory pro(isions of safety To impro(e mar'et credibility
..+
Ty'es !6 sa6ety There are three ty'es !6 sa6ety
. %elf
safety %afety is primarily the responsibility of the management Aowe(er, all
employees are responsible for their safety in their own interest ;mployees should ta'e care of all safety precautions, procedure, safety clothing9s articles and appliances
56
/ ?eneral safety ;mployees should not unnecessarily fiddle with machines, unless they are trained in it 6or'place should 'ept clean and free from obstacles, pits, holes, sumps, spilled oil, tools and fi&tures etc employees should ta'e ad(ice of their super(isor to maintain safety at wor'place 1 Machine safety ;mployees should possess power 'nowledge and s'ill in operation and maintenance of the machines It should ta'e proper safety measures while operating,
fi&ing, cleaning or lubricating the machines ..- Sa6ety "easures
.
%afety policy ;(ery manufacturing organization should formulate a safety policy In
de(eloping safety policy, organizations ha(e the following choices a The organization must decide the le(el of protection, it will offer to its employees Jarious organizations can be categorized into two groups so far as the le(el of safety measures is concerned b The organization must decide whether it will adopt a proacti(e or reacti(e approach in pro(iding safety measures c The organization must decide how the safety measures should be administered and the e&tent to which the wor'ers or their representation will be in(ol(ed in the process / %afety engineering The adoption of proper engineering procedures to minimize and if possible, eliminate wor' hazards is fundamental to any safety programs It in(ol(es a ;rgonomics )ob should be so designed as to facilitate proper integration of man and machine b Material handling e8uipments hazards and ris' free procedure and practices should be de(eloped for material flow
57
c Plant maintenance ade8uate, periodic and planned maintenance of plant, machinery and related ser(ices should be carried out pre(ent accidents d %afety de(ices safety de(ices of good construction should be pro(ided as per the re8uirements of wor' of the organization 1 %afety training %afety training should be organized by the organization to de(elop safety awareness and habits in the employees Two types of ob)ecti(es associated with safety training a #mong employees and build up fa(orable attitudes in them towards safety to de(elop safety to de(elop safety consciousness measures and precautions b To ensure safe wor' performance on the part of each employees by de(eloping s'ills in the use and operation of safety e8uipments 3 %afety administration %afety administration in(ol(es those acti(ities through which safety programs are made more effecti(e These acti(ities include followings a %afety organization safety is the responsibility of both management and wor'ers Management is responsible for de(eloping ade8uate safety measures and wor'ers responsible for ma'ing effecti(e use of those measures 4rom the management side, safety officer should in(ol(e Babor unions can also participate in safety programs by moti(ating wor'ers to use safety measures with ade8uate precautions b Measurement of accidents measurement of accidents underta'en to find out whether safety programs are ade8uate and safe c #ccident records accident records should be properly maintained so that the nature of accidents is 'nown, their causes are analyzed and ade8uate precautions are ta'en in the light of the analysis d %afety campaigns safety campaign in(ol(es informing and moti(ating employees to obser(e safety in the organization %uch acti(ities include putting posters, screening films, safety wee's and safety awards %afety posters with poignant and penetrating slogans may be put on the walls near the wor'place
58
0 ?o(ernment support To e&tent support to safety related acti(ities the go(ernment of India the national safety council was established in .255 The principle )ob of this council is to promote safety consciousness at the plant le(el and conduct safety programs The national safety day is celebrated e(ery year to signify the foundation day of the council .. Statut!ry
'r!8isi!ns 5!n5erning sa6ety
The factories act .237 puts emphasis on the following safety measures . 4encing of dagerous machinery Hsec /. in e(ery factory the dangerous or hazardous parts of any machines shall be safely fenced / 6or' on or near machinery in motion Hsec // for e&amining and lubricate the machines while in motion, specially trained wor'ers wearing tight clothes be sent %uch a wor'er should not be allowed to handle belts of machines in motion without proper precautions women and women and young children should be prohibited from handling such dangerous machines 1 ;mployment of young persons Hsec/1 :oung person is not allowed to wor' on dangerous machines unless he is hilly instructed about the possible dangers and precautions that has to be followed 3 %tri'ing gear and de(ice In e(ery factory, suitable stri'ing gear or other efiicient mechanical appliances shall be pro(ided and maintained which is used to mo(e dri(ing belt to and fro, fast and loose pulleys They are not allowed to rest or ride upon the shafting motion 0 %elf acting motion Hsec /0 no tra(ersing part of a self acting machine in any factory and no material carried there on shall be allowed to turn on its outward or inwards from any fi&ed structure which is not a part of machine
59
5 -asing of new machinery Hsec /5 #ll machinery, dri(en by power and install after .C3C .232, must be encased or effecti(ely guarded to eliminate danger to those wor'ing in the factory F ;mployment of women, children near cotton wor' Hsee /F No women and child shall b employed in any part of a factory for pressing cotton in which it e&tend to a specified height, women and children may be employed on the side of the di(ider where the feed end is situated 7 Aoists and lifts Hsec /7 In e(ery factory hoists and lifts shall be made up of a good mechanical construction, strong material and ade8uate strength and shall be properly protected by enclosure fitted with gates 2 Bifting machines, chains and ropes Hsec /2 The running machines, chains and ropes used in e(ery factory should be of sound construction, good material and strong enough to carry the necessary weight .G @e(ol(ing machinery Hsec 1G In e(ery room where mo(ing )obs are performed, a notice showing the ma&imum wor'ing speed of the machine shall be attached near it %teps should be ta'en to see that the safe wor'ing speed is not e&ceeded .. Pressure plant Hsec 1. If factory Operations are carried out with a pressure abo(e the atmospheric pressure, proper measures shall be ta'en to see that the safe wor'ing pressure is not e&ceeded ./ 4loors, stairs and means to access Hsec 1/ #ll floors, steps, stairs, passages and ways shall be made up of good construction and properly maintained, handrails should be pro(ided if necessary .1 4its, sumps and openings in floors Hsec 11 ;(ery pit, tan', sump, fi&ed (essel, opening in the ground or in the floor which is a source of danger, shall be either properly fenced .3 ;&cessi(e or o(er weights Hsec 13 No wor'ers shall be employed in any factory to lift, carry or more any load which is so hea(y that will cause a possible in)ury .0 Protection for eyes Hsee 10 ;ffecti(e screens or suitable goggles are gi(en to wor'ers while scrutinize a manufacturing process in(ol(ing ris' of in)ury to eyes .5 Precautions against dangerous fumes and gases Hsec 15 No person shall be allowed to the room or place which contains dangerous gases, fumes, (apor and dust etc
5:
.F Precautions regarding to portable electrical light Hsec 15# Portable electrical de(ices should not be permitted for use inside any chamber, tan', pits and other pro(ided space in factory If used it should be with ade8uate safety de(ices .7 Precaution against e&plosi(e or inflammable dust, gas Hsec 1F when in any factory, any manufacturing process produces dust, gases, fumes or (apors which are li'ely to e&plode in ignition .2 Precaution in case of fire Hsec 17 #ll practical measures shall be ta'en to pre(ent outrage of fire and its spread, internally as well as e&ternally and to pro(ide and maintain means of escape from danger and e&tinguishing facilities /G Power to pro(ide specification of defecti(e parts Hsec 12 inspection of part of a building machinery or plant in a factory which may be dangerous to human life or safety /. %afety of building and machinery Hsec 3G inspecting of the building part or parts of machinery whether it is dangerous to the wor'ers and ta'ing measures which are re8uired // Maintenance of building and machinery Hsec 3G till the particular spoilt machinery is not repaired it is not allowed to be used
..1
Sa6ety and heath '!i5y
The occupational safety and health are basically and essentially management functions #ll employees must be willing to accept indi(idual and collecti(e responsibilities in order to achie(e this ob)ecti(e
Training
•
-omprehensi(e training inputs regarding safety and personal hygiene will be gi(en at all le(els
5;
•
#ll employees are informed about the ris's and limitations of the e8uipment and machinery, pre(enti(e care to be ta'en and procedure to be followed in an emergency
..2 Sa6ety "anage"ent 6un5ti!ns
Pre(ention of accident and safety in wor'ing conditions can be achie(ed by . The system of safety emphasis on the indi(idual is stressed to e&amine his acti(ities / The indi(idual wor'ers ha(e to interact with the machinery and the man machine interface is to be gi(en ade8uate importance 1 #long with this technical aspect of understanding of machinery, the psychological and physiological aspects of human factors are also to be ta'en care ade8uately 3 4ocusing on the indi(idual by 'eeping the safe practices simple and sound 0 -are in operation, with proper understanding and training, appropriate gear* e8uipment "etter super(ision and coordination among all 5 Portable fire e&tinguisher in e(ery launch, boat, craft, mobile crane cable
.1 Edu5ati!na uai6i5ati!n !6 w!r;ers Parti5uares Illiterate Primary %econdary P+?raduates Total
N!. O6 res'!ndents > /5 5G .G 3 .GG
6<
Per5entage > /5 5G .G 3 .GG
Educational Qualifcation 8< 7< 6<
$eries 3
5< 4< 3< < Illiterate
rimary
$econdary
@=
0raduation
Inter'retati!n
In the following graph, /5 of wor'ers completed primary education, 5G of wor'ers completed secondary education, .G of them ha(e completed P+- and 3 of the respondents are graduates Aence ma)ority of wor'ers are less 8ualified in the organization .2 ear !6 e:'erien5e !6 res'!ndents
Particulars .0C/G /.C1G 1.C3G 3G and abo(e Total
No Of @espondents G 15 7G 3 .GG
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Percentage G 15 7G 3 .GG
Experience o the respondents :< 9< 8< 7< 6< 5< 4< 3< < 37+4<
43+5<
53+6<
6< and abo*e
Inter'retati!n
In the abo(e graph the wor'ers with e&perience of /.C1G years are 15, wor'ers with 1.C3G :ears of 5penEence are 7GGG and more than 3G years are only 3 %o the e&perienced wor'ers are more In the organization
.3 TEC*NICAL #NO$ *O$
L!5ati!n
NMPT is modern all weather port situated at panambur , Mangalore H!amata'a on the west coast of India, .FG nautical miles south of Marmugoa and .22. nautical miles north of cochin port
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On the "a'
The location of the port is
Batitude ././355north Bongitude F337/F05east #nnual rainfall about 130Gmm
P!rt area
6ater spread/1/G acresH ./2 hectares Band area /G1G acres H7// hectares Total area /10G acresH20.G3 hectares
$EL&ARE MEAS)RE
4ree education in ;nglish *!annada up to .Gth standard 0G bedded hospital 4ree consultancy from specialist doctors @eferral hospital facilities 4ree medical treatment in #llopathy*#yur(eda and Aomeopathy y MultiCpurpose
auditorium with a seating capacity of ./GG @esidential 8uarters* bachelors hostel Nursery school by Mahila %ama) -anteen facilities ?ym'hana for indoor games* badminton court with wooden flooring %tadium @ecreation club* Officer -lub*Mahila %ama)* $oc' recreation club -hildrenEs par' Mar'et comple& -able TJ facility is pro(ided to the residents of the port at a nominal subscription fee of
@s .F0*per month .GG units free electricity per month to class III
8uarters @est rooms for women employees
N.M.P.T COLON
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NMPT has constructed 23. residential units in the colony (iz FG0 units for NMPT staff, .GG units for @-A6, and .15 units for -I%4 personnel Out of FG0 8uarters, /7/ NMPT employees, 72 @-A6 employees and 7/ -I%4 personnel were residing in the NMPT 8uarters The o(erall le(el of satisfaction is 520. Q05.R.GG*7GFHNo of employees of portS Out G these 8uarters, .G7 units ha(e allotted to the staff of other department li'e police, resident audit office NMPT %chool, M;%-OM, coast guard, MM$, southern, apprentice trainees etc, who ha(e been associated with the port "esides these family 8uarters, there is women hostel building with .G rooms ?round floor of said hostel has been now allotted to plant 8uarantine station and rooms in iirst floor been allotted to the ParaCmedical staff there is a separate building for "achelor accommodation with /1 rooms In the colony amenities li'e auditorium, gym'hana, outdoor stadium, recreation club, hospital, mar'et comple&, childrenEs par', school, cable TJ networ' etc, were been pro(ided The reser(ation to %T *%- in the, manner of allotment of staff 8uarters is follows as per go(ernment instruction and the re8uired percentage of .G in type E#E and E"E 0 in E-E and E$E is maintained
ED)CATION
The port is running an ;nglish medium school up to .Gth standard and a !annada medium high school -hildren of the port employees and doc'wor'ers are educated in these schools The schools are being run through New Mangalore port ;ducation %ociety The port had incurred e&penditure of @s .,30,GG,GGG*on the schools during the year /G.1C.3 "esides, there is also a !annada medium higher primary school up to se(enth standard run by the staff colony The port hired buses on contract basis for transportation of children to school and bac' at subsidized rates "esides, one 1G sated departmental mini bus is also used to transport the schoolchildren T G encourage education, to port trust is sanctioning stationery allowances to all the children of port
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employees ranging @s1GG*to .0GG*Cand merit scholarship to the meritorious students ranging from @s 5GG*to /GGG* #part from this scheme, children education allowance is being paid at ma&imum limit of @s .0,GGG*per child for academic year and ma&imum for two children as pro(ided in 6@- settlement
CANTEEN &ACILIT
NMPT has pro(ide canteen facilities to its employees and pro(ided (arious concessions to the coC op canteens including .GG subsidy for payment of salary of canteen staff The following two canteens run by the coCop canteen are cantering for the employees in this port trust . -oCop canteen at wharf / -oCop -anteen, near #O building In addition, pri(ate tea tender (ender has arranged to pro(ide tea*coffee and snac's to the employees
MEDICAL &ACILIT
The port trust hospital is e&tending medical facilities not only caters to the medical needs of the port trust employees and their family members, cargo handling wor'ers and their families, -I%4 personnelEs and their families but also to the other employees of the central go(ernment establishment li'e central school, coastguard, radio wind obser(atory and customs etc on payment basis Medical facility is also e&tended to the contractor, labourers of (arious agencies operating within the port area on nominal payment rates The port also treats road accidents occurring on national highways .F
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The port trust hospital, a 0G bedded hospital Operation with // beds not only caters to the medical needs of the port trust employees and their dept, doc'wor'er and their family members The family medical record boo's containing photography of family members introduced in the port trust hospital to facilities the e&tension of the medical facilities to entitled members Two first aid centres are pro(ided for emergency treatment, ie, one at wharf and another at additional berth #ll types of medical treatment are pro(ided to the employees of the port trust for inpatient treatment 4or se(eral 'inds of illness and where facilities are not a(ailable in the port trust hospital, the cases are referred to pri(ate * go(ernment hospital such as !M- manipal , #thena hospital, unity hospital, #pollo hospital -hennai, Madras hospital, Mission hospital -hennai, 6oc'hardt hospital "angalore etc
RECREATIONAL FACILITY The New Mangalore Port Trust also pro(ided recreational facilities to the employees and doc'wor'ers @ecreation facilities li'e %ports e(ents are fre8uently organised by the NMPT for the benefit of their staff NMPT has constructed gym'hana for indoor games and stadium for outdoor games for the employees and library facilities
PORT &IRE SER0ICE
NMPT maintains a fullyCfledged fire fighting, units with two fire stations one at the main wharf and second at the tan'er terminal The port has tree fire tenders fitted with the water, form, and dry chemical powder system In addition, there is one accident relief (an and tire )eep The port ser(ice in .4 IND)STRIAL RELATION AND LABO)R )NION
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The following registered trade union are operating at this port trust at present . / 1 3 0 5 F
!anara Port 6or'er +nion HINT+- NMP %taff #ssociation HAM% NMP < $oc' 6or'ers +nion H#IT+- NMP < ?eneral ;mployees #ssociation H"M% !arnata'a $oc' < general 6or'ers +nion HINT+- !anara %te(edoring 6or'ing +nion HINT+- NMPT -argo Aandling < #llied 6or'er +nion H"M%
#part from the abo(e trade union the following association are also functioning
. / 1 3 0 5 F
NMPT Officers #ssociation NMPT ?raduate ;ngineers #ssociation NMPT Marine Officers #ssociation NMPT %-* %T ;mployees 6elfare #ssociation $@ " @ #mebed'ar %-*%T #ssociation of NMPT NMPT ;&Cser(ice men 6elfare #ssociation NMPT Other "ac'ward -lass ;mployees 6elfare #ssociation
COMPAN O&&ERS
#bundant open stoc' yard near the berths ;asy entry to the port for e&port consignment 6eigh bridges 6ater -anteen facilities Pri(ate labour deployed at the stoc'yard for unloading* loading +ninterrupted power supply @ound the cloc' operation on arri(ed berthing .G0mts draft a(ailable at berth no=s / and1 No shortage of labour gangs
Port is a ser(ice industry, which re8uires personalized customer ser(ices in each and e(ery span of its acti(ity The widely spread global en(ironment is not only prone to economical and technical influence but also
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STANDARDS MAINTAINED B NMPT
@ound the cloc' cargo operations @ound the cloc' deli(ery of 4-B containers for factory deCstuffing @efunds within .0 wor'ing days for (essel related claims and within /G wor'ing days for cargo related claims 4acility for $irect $eli(ery of cargoes from the hoo' point @ound the -loc' receipt of ;&port -argoes 4acility for inChouse stuffing of containers
COMMITMENT O& NMPT The NMPT9s -ommitment and endea(or is to pro(ide best ser(ices to the satisfaction of the customers Port users are our (alued customers and our partners in the growth of the port
NMPT@S C)STOMERS
%hipping -ompany*%teamer #gents Importers*;&porters -learing < 4orwarding #gents %te(edores Transporters -ontainer #gents Bogistic %er(ice Pro(ider
Interna Cust!"er
#ll ;mployees
Cust!"er C!""uni5ati!n
Through 6ebsite HwwwnewmangaloreCportcom Through brochures * -orporate -$9s
6:
Interacti(e -ommittees HInteraction with Port +sers through "$-,¬ ie "usiness $e(elopment -ell Monthly Ports Operations Meeting $aily "erthing Meeting etc
Cha'ter 1
S$OT ANALSIS 1.( S$OT ANALSIS 6;
NMPT has a number of strong and wea' points in terms of its position in the Indian and international port facility and ser(ice mar'ets 4urthermore, NMPT faces a number of opportunities and threats Strength !6 NMPT
In the #rabian %ea basin the port of New Mangalore is ideally positioned to the logistics ser(ice industry and its customer base for a number of reasons The port is best suited to cater for %outh Indian cargo flows that originate or destined for the %tates of !arnata'a and partly for !erala The hinterland consists of substantial population and a (ariety of industries such as the garment producing industry, mineral ore production, thermal power plants, electronic e8uipment and consumer goods li'e coffee and refrigerated cargoes 6ith a hinterland area of o(er about 0G min inhabitants NMPT has a sound base to handle a substantial (olume of containers for both imports and e&ports $istances by road or by rail to ma)or neighbouring ports are at least /0G 'm, which supports shippers of goods to choose New Mangalore based on originCdestination cost of transport The port is e8uipped with wellCmaintained deepCwater berths up to .0. mcd depth and is operational e&cept on three national holidays Aowe(er shipping acti(ities Hberthing * deberthing are being carried out e(en on these three national holidaysD it operates /3 hours per day and can pro(ide facilities for almost all cargo types "ac' up area is in general sufficiently a(ailable This area allows pro(isional storage and handling operations to be e&ecuted or to be established The NMPT en)oys a healthy financial position in both balance sheets and profitability
$ea;nesses !6 NMPT Its marine infrastructure is designed to allow ships of ma&imum Bength O(er #ll HBO# /30 m This implies in general that ships o(er $ead 6eight Tonnage H$6T .GG,GGG cannot be handled in port due to na(igational constraints and the channel depth and width 7<
-argo handling for certain dry bul' cargoes Hiron ore, coal are still done manually which results in high Turn #round Time HT@T for ships This creates subse8uently high cost of transport to shippers of goods The manual handling also results in unsafe and en(ironment unfriendly effects such as cargo spills and dust 4or e&isting terminals the NMPT is re8uired, by agreements to deploy the Port9s doc' labour only to cargo handling operations HshipCshore This restricts the NMPT to enter into contracts with pri(ate operators that manage a NMPT terminal with their own labour force fully and this may lead to higher labour cost compared to that in minor*pri(ate Indian ports that are at liberty to employ and manage labour Other wea' points include the en(ironmental hazards from dust and spills and rather administrati(e authority structure H(alid for all Ma)or Indian ports that restrict the management and the "oard of Trustees in setting up its own Hmar'et oriented port tariffs and ser(ice pac'ages for staff The port connecti(ity seems sufficient at present but the connecti(ity to National Aighways is in a poor state, hea(ily congested and sometimes not suitable for hea(y truc' traffic The port en)oys a railway connection to a marshalling yard, but there are no direct railway lines to any berth
O''!rtunities !6 NMPT NMPT has ample opportunities to increase its throughput and impro(e its functions %ome pri(ate Hcapti(e customers show firm interest in de(eloping berths and )etties time is ripe for Public Pri(ate Partnership HPPP deals The partnerships will appear in all cargo types that are presently handled The high (olume of capti(e cargo creates a sound base of income to NMPT and has resulted and will result in sound operating profits This automatically implies that funds become a(ailable for infrastructure de(elopment preferably in cooperation with pri(ate in(estors and operators of cargo handling
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The participation in the %pecial Purpose Jehicle H%PJ established to de(elop the Mangalore9s %pecial ;conomic one H%; creates further opportunity to e&ecute acti(ities that benefit from ta& incenti(es #part from NMPT9s in(ol(ement, the %; will generate additional cargo flows from nearby industrial and trading acti(ities
Threats !6 NMPT NMPT faces through its institutional structure Ha Port Trust under the MO%@TA the e(er disturbing handicap of being a public controlled enterprise Many regulations limit the management to act as an independent and professional company, such as the labour laws Hno retrenchment, the A@ routines Hpromotion, and the labour conditions He&ceeding mar'et le(els 4urthermore the international (essel size de(elopments will create additional financial burden of capital dredging and strengthening of 8uay infrastructure The port9s capacity can be impro(ed by shifting cargo handling techni8ue to faster and safer mechanisation This impro(ement may howe(er still be insufficient to cater for certain growth of cargo flows beyond pro)ected cargo flow (olumes This may result Hagain in handling capacity shortage for certain cargo types which may result in either o(erCutilisation of berthHs or additional waiting time for ships The port9s competence at present is short of certain s'ills Hmar'eting, IT, A@ management to cope with future rationalisation of acti(ities and promote and stimulate the port to the mar'et The competition may not be (ery strong at present but other ma)or and minor ports also de(elop and will try to ta'e a share of the competiti(e cargo especially when logistics are fa(ourable ;(er continuing competition from nearby ports -ochin, Mormugao, -hennai and nonC ma)or ports of !arnata'a which may result in a possible deterioration of tariffs
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The railway capacity of the main connecting lines Hto "angalore may pro(e insufficient in the medium and long run to handle all cargo to and from the port, not in the least caused by the e&pected modal shift from truc' to rail
Cha'ter 2
CONCL)SION Ports are a 'ey component of infrastructure whose performance metrics ha(e impro(ed considerably o(er years Indian coastline has ./ ma)or ports handling about F0 percent of India9s port traffic and .73 otherHintermediate and minor ports ser(ing the remaining traffic #mong the ma)or ports, again F0 percent are situated on the west coastline itself, of which New Mangalore Port is one There has been a steady increase in the total cargo being handled by ma)or ports and there is an impressi(e growth of container traffic The main form of traffic consist of dry and li8uid bul', general cargo, containerized cargo and iron ore
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New Mangalore Port is is a deepCsea, allCweather port and is midway between two ma)or portsD Mormugao and -ochin The port has been concei(ed, designed, e&ecuted and maintained entirely by the Indian engineering talent and s'ills It was initiated as a harbour pro)ect in .25/ and has gi(en Mangalore the status9 ?ateway of !arnata'a9 The port has a (ast hinterland co(ering almost the whole of !arnata'a and part of !erala and #ndhra Pradesh It is ser(ed by railway lines with ade8uate storage space < facilities and is well connected on the national networ' through !on'an @ailway #lso, NAC.F passes ad)acent to the port ma'ing it directly accessible by road as well %pread o(er a land of more than /GGG acres, the port facilities pro(ided are to face the growing challenges and emerging needs of the present day The port is well e8uipped to handle bul', li8uid chemicals, hazardous cargoes, crude, ore and containers etc The total length of road networ' with NMPT is about 1G 'm which facilitates the mo(ement of land cargo carriers li'e truc's and stal'ers In addition to the roads, the stoc' yards in NMPT also ha(e pa(ements which need remedial solutions
BIBLIO%RAP* BOO#S
P%ubba@aoD “Personnel and Auman @esource Management” published by Aimalaya Publishing Aouse Pri(ate Bimited $EBLIO%RAP*
wwwnewmangaluruportcom
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