The main goal of this project study is to find internal resistance of a battery with respect to time. Information received from measurement and calculation of internal resistance would allow findin...
an experiment on Internal reflection and EMF for class 12
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SIMULACION DE LA PRODUCCION DE HIDROGENO EN UN VEHICULO HIBRIDO
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To study the factors on which the internal resistance of a cell deoends.
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The Batteries form a significant part of many electronic devices. Typical electrochemical batteries or cells convert chemical energy into electrical energy. Batteries based on the charging ability are classified into primary and secondary cells. Seco
Physics Investigatory Project To study the factors on which the internal resistance of a cell depends.Full description
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Internal Resistance of a Battery
Name: Zac Towner Partner: Nick Wall Date of Experiment: November 30, 2010 2023-70B
Objective: The objective of this lab was to confirm the validity of the following equation and determine the EMF and internal resistance of a 6 volt dry cell battery. v=-ri+Ԑ
Theory: Kirchhoff’s loop rule states that the sum of the potential gains and drops around a closed loop in a circuit should be equal to zero. In the given circuit the following equation is true: Given circuit
ε-Ir-IR=0
After solving for IR the equation becomes: IR=ε-Ir
After rearranging this equation you get the following equation: v=-ri+Ԑ
A plot of V vs. i should yield a strong linear equation with the equation of the line being in the following format: v=-ri+Ԑ
This means that the inverse slope of the line is the internal resistance of the battery and the y intercept is the EMF of the battery.
Procedure 1: Table A- Data for 8 different trials conducted during lab. I I (A) V (mA) (V) 5.5
0.00 55
5.7 8
7.1
0.00 71
5.7 5
8.6
0.00 86
5.7 2
11.2
0.01 12
5.6 7
14
0.01 4
5.6 2
18.9
0.01 89
5.5 2
25.2
0.02 52
5.4
80.6
0.08 06
4.2 3
Procedure 2-3: Figure 1- Shows the linear best fit for the V vs. i.
Table B- +/- errors in the slope and y-intercept of the best fit line for the V vs. i. YSlope intercept -20.7 Ω 5.90 V 0.16 Ω
0.005 V
A. The V vs. i graph shows a strong linear relationship which is to be
expected. B. V=-20.7i+5.90 C. Based on the data the following values were determined for EMF (ε) and internal resistance (r). ε=5.90 ± 0.005 V r=20.7 ± 0.16 Ω
Conclusion/Discussion: During this lab the validity of the following equation was confirmed. v=-ri+Ԑ
This equation was confirmed by the strong linear relationship that the plot of V vs. i showed. Values for the EMF and internal resistance of a 6 volt dry cell battery were also determined using this equation. The value for EMF was determined to be ε=5.90 ± 0.005 V, this is an acceptable value for a 6 V dry cell battery. The value for the internal resistance of the battery (r) was determined to be r=20.7 ± 0.16 Ω, this value is also acceptable for a 6V dry cell battery. This lab was conducted almost completely error free, one possible error source of error could be the ammeter and voltmeter, if either was not calibrated properly the readings could be in correct. Another way to improve on the findings of this lab would be to increase the level of precision of the current (I) readings, we were only able to accurately read to the tenths place on the Ammeter.
