OBTENCION DE UN DESENGRASANTE A PARTIR DEL ACEITE LIMONENO EXTRAIDO DE LA CASCARA DE LOS CITRICOS
ANGGIE CAROLINA ANDRADE MATURANA MATURANA DIEGO ALEJANDRO MOLINA BASTIDAS DANIELA PALOMO CESPEDES ANDRES OBDULIO PRADA MONSALVE MONSALVE FERNANDO ANDREE VESGA BECERRA
UNIVERSIDAD INDUSTRIAL DE SANTANDER SANTANDER EMPRENDEDORES INGENIERIA ECONOMICA BARRANCABERMEJA 2015
1
OBTENCION DE UN DESENGRASANTE A PARTIR DEL ACEITE LIMONENO EXTRAIDO DE LA CASCARA DE LOS CITRICOS
ANGGIE CAROLINA ANDRADE MATURANA MATURANA DIEGO ALEJANDRO MOLINA BASTIDAS DANIELA PALOMO CESPEDES ANDRES OBDULIO PRADA MONSALVE MONSALVE FERNANDO ANDREE VESGA BECERRA
ECO. JAIRO HERNANDEZ JIMENEZ
UNIVERSIDAD INDUSTRIAL DE SANTANDER SANTANDER EMPRENDEDORES INGENIERIA ECONOMICA BARRANCABERMEJA 2015
2
TABLA DE CONTENIDO INTRODUCCION 1. TITULO DE LA INVESTIGACION
6
2. PLANT LANTEA EAM MIENT ENTO DEL DEL PRO PROBLEM BLEMA A 6 2.1. 2.1. Pre!" Pre!"#$ #$ %e &"'e &"'e(# (#& &$) $)&* &*" " 6 +. OBJETIVOS DE DE IN INVESTIGACION. +.1. O-e#&'/ e"er$
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+.2. O-e#&'/( e(e)3&)/(, 4. JUST JUSTIF IFIC ICAC ACIO ION N
5. REFERENTE TEORICO 5.1 5.1 A"#e) "#e)e% e%e" e"#e #e(( 5.2 A(e)#/( e$e(
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5.+ 5.+ M$r) M$r)/ / #e*r #e*r&) &)/ / 12 6. DISE7O METODOLOGICO
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,.5 ANALISIS DE LA DEMANDA
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,.6 ANALI ANALISIS SIS DE DE LA OFERT OFERTA A +, ,., TI TIPO DE DE EM EMPRESA A CREA REAR
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+,
+5
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. ESTRUCTURA DE COSTOS . INVERSION TOTAL
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10.EVA .EVALUACION ECONOMICA
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10. 10.1 ANALI NALISI SIS S DE LA PRO PROCEDE CEDENC NCIA IA DEL DEL CAPI CAPIT TAL 10.2 0.2 TASA MINIMA DE RENTABILIDAD 10.+ 10.+ TA TASA INTERN INTERNA A DE RETORN RETORNO O +5 11. RE RESULTADOS
+5
12.ANA .ANALISIS DE DE RE RESULTADOS
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1+.CO 1+.CONC NCLU LUSI SIO ONES NES +5 14.REC .RECOMENDACIONES
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15.REFERENT 15.REFERENTE E BIBLIO BIBLIOGRA GRAFIC FICO O +5 15.1 5.1 B&- &-&/r &/r$3 $3$ +5 15.2 5.2 9e-r$ -r$33r$ r$ +5
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INTRODUCCION
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1. TITULO DE LA INVESTIGACION
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4. JUSTIFICACION
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29
NOMBRE DE LA SUSTANCIA ÁLCALIS Y ÁCIDOS HIDRXIDO DE POTASIO HIDRXIDO DE SODIO CIDO FOSFRICO CIDO N]TRICO
RIESGO IRRITANTE ORIGINA CORROSIN IRRITANTE ORIGINA CORROSIN IRRITANTE> NECROSIONA> ORIGINA CORROSIN PROBLEMAS DE RESPIRACIN IRRITANTE
CIDO CLORH]DRICO ACIDO SULFMICO SECUESTRANTES TRIFOSFATO Y DIFOSFATO DE EUTRFICO> SECUESTRA SODIO METALES PESADOS ACIDO NITRICO TRIACTICO EUTRFICO> SECUESTRA METALES PESADOS TENSOACTIVOS ALUIL ESPUMA> BIODEGRADABLE ANIONICOS BENCENO SULFONATO HALURO DE TRI INCOMPATIBLE CON ANINICOS CATIÓNICOS ALUIL BENZIL AMONIO ALUIL FENOL PRODUCTOS TXICOS DE LA NO IÓNICOS BIODEGRADACION. Ae"#e( (e)!e(#r$%/re(K S/" /( )/;!e(#/( )$$)e( %e &$r &/"e( ;e#=&)/( %e #$ ;$"er$ =)&%/( $;&"//& )$r-/&)/( 8 =)&%/( &%r/&)$r-/&)/(.
6. DISE7O METODOLOGICO
6.1 TIPO DE INVESTIGACIN 30
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31
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32
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33
)/"#$;&"$"#e(> )/;/ (/"K e /'/> re(#/( %e '&r!#$( %e /( ;e)$"&:$%/(> $)e&#e(> r$($(> e#). Se )/"#r/$r/" $( (&!&e"#e( '$r&$-e( $r$ %e#er;&"$r $ e3&)&e")&$ %e %e(e"r$($"#e $r$ e&;&"$r $ r$($ %e !" ;$#er&$> 3re"#e $ /#r/( %e(e"r$($"#e( )!8/( )/;/"e"#e( "/ (/" -&/%er$%$-e(K Te;er$#!r$ %e $!$K E $!$ r/'&e"e %e $)!e%!)#/ ;!"&)&$ 8 (e e")/"#r$-$ $ #e;er$#!r$ $;-&e"#e M#/%/ %e &;&e:$K Me)="&)/ N$#!r$e:$ %e ;$#er&$K P$#/ %e /r)e$"$ T&/ %e (!)&e%$%K Gr$($ %e )/)&"$ L$ re;/)&*" %e $ r$($ (e re$&:* ;e%&$"#e ;/'&;&e"#/( ;e)="&)/( )&r)!$re( )/"#&"!/( !#&&:$"%/ !"$ e(/"$ $'$'$&$ %e !(/ )/;". I"(#r!;e"#/ %e Me%&)&*". Se re$&:* $ '$/r$)&*" '&(!$ %e $ &;&e:$ %e ;$#er&$ #e"&e"%/ e" )!e"#$
,. DESCRIPCION DEL PRODUCTO O SERVICIO A PRESTAR ,.1 Se)#/r 8 (!-(e)#/r
34
Se)#/r (e)!"%$r&/K E r/%!)#/ e$-/r$%/ er#e"e)e $ e(#e (e)#/r> #e"&e"%/ e" )!e"#$ ;e%&$"#e $( )!$e( /( -&e"e( / ;$#er&$( r&;$( r/'e"&e"#e( %e (e)#/r r&;$r&/ (/" #r$"(3/r;$%/( e" "!e'/( r/%!)#/(. S!-(e)#/r &"%!(#r&$K E (e)#/r (e)!"%$r&/ /(ee (!-(e)#/re( e"#re /( )!$e( (e e")!e"#r$ e (!-(e)#/r &"%!(#r&$> e )!$ #&e"e )/;/ /-e#&'/ #r$"(3/r;$r $( ;$#er&$( r&;$( e" r/%!)#/( )/;er)&$&:$-e( !#&&:$"%/> $r$ e/> 3!er:$ !;$"$> ;=
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35
$;-&e"#e %e !"$ ;$"er$ "e$#&'$ /r
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,.6 ANALISIS DE LA OFERTA
36
De $)!er%/ $ r/%!)#/ e$-/r$%/> (e #&e"e e" )!e"#$ !e(#/ e re)&/ 8 e r/%!)#/ #e"&e"%/ e" )!e"#$ !e( e&(#e" %&(#&"#/( r/%!)#/re( 'e"%e" / %&(#r&-!8e" r/%!)#/( )/" )$r$)#er(#&)$( (&;&$re(. L$ /3er#$> $ &!$ e(#= e" 3!")&*" %e !"$ (er&$ %e 3$)#/re(> e( %e)&r> e(#=" ;e%&%/( /r 3$)#/re(
,., TIPO DE EMPRESAR A CREAR De $)!er%/ $ /( e(#!%&/( "/;-r$%/( $"#er&/r;e"#e %e #&/ %e r/%!)#/ $ re(#$r 8 / $ e;re($ $ )re$r e( !"$ (/)&e%$% &;&#$%$ / %e"/;&"$%$ #$;-&"> (/)&e%$% %e re(/"($-&&%$% &;&#$%$ ?SRL@> (&e"%/ e(#$ !" #&/ %e (/)&e%$% ;er)$"#& e" $ )!$ $ re(/"($-&&%$% e(#= &;&#$%$ $ )$&#$ $/r#$%/> 8 /r / #$"#/> e" e )$(/ "/ (e re(/"%e )/" e $#r&;/"&/ er(/"$ %e /( (/)&/(. A%e;=( $ $%;&"&(#r$)&*" %e $ e;re($ (e /#/r$ $ !" *r$"/ (/)&$> (& (e )re$ e(#$> (er= !"$ e;re($ e "/ (// $r$ e$r $)er !"$ r$" e;re($> (&"/ #$;-&" $r$ )re$r )$%e"$( %e %&)$ (/)&e%$%.
37
11. RESULTADOS
38
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O-#e")&*" %e !"$ ;!e(#r$ %e $)e&#e "$#!r$ $ $r#&r %e $ )=()$r$ %e "$r$"$> !#&&:$"%/ #)"&)$( %e (e$r$)&*" %e ;e:)$(. Se /-#!'/ !"$ ;!e(#r$ %e $re%e%/r %e 5 ;L %e e#r$)#/ %e &;/"e"/ %!r$"#e e r/)e(/ %e %e(#&$)&*" /r $rr$(#re %e '$/r 8 /(#er&/r;e"#e /r %e)$"#$)&*" /r e;-!%/. L$ ;!e(#r$ re(e"#* !" //r )$r$)#er(#&)/ $ "$r$"$> r/)e%e"#e %e $ re(e")&$ %e #ere"/ D&;/"e"/. De $)!er%/ )/" $ re'&(&*" -&-&/r=3&)$> e" $ ;!e(#r$ (e !e%e e")/"#r$r $re%e%/r %e !" 0 %e D&;/"e"/.
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12. ANLISIS E INTERPRETACIN DE LOS RESULTADOS
41
•
OBTENCION DEL DESENGRASANTE Se" /( re(!#$%/( /-#e"&%/(> $ (/!)&*" )/;!e(#$ /r L$!r& (!3$#/ %e (/%&/K 2>5 )&%/ $)#&)/K 10; ($ r!e($K 5 L&;/"e"/K 0.5 ; #!'/ ;$8/r e3&)$)&$ %e-&%/ $ /
•
COMPARACIN DE LA EFICIENCIA DE LA LIMPIEZA De $)!er%/ )/" /( re(!#$%/( /-#e"&%/(> e r/)e(/ %e $ &;&e:$ %e $ (!er3&)&e %e ;$#er&$ "/ )!;e )/" /( #e;( $"#e$%/( )/;/ / $)e" /( %e(e"r$($"#e( )/;er)&$e( )/" /( )!$e( (e re$&:* $ )/;$r$)&*". E(#/ "/( &"%&)$ e e3e)#/ %e(e"r$($"#e (e re$&:$ $ &"(#$"#e 8 e e(3!er:/ re$&:$%/ $r$ e&;&"$r $ (!(#$")&$ "/ %e(e$%$ e( -$(#$"#e -$/. C/" e %e(e"r$($"#e /-#e"&%/ %e $ $&)$)&*" %e e(#e r/8e)#/> (e !%/ /-(er'$r
1+. CONCLUSIONES 42
•
•
•
E" /( $)e&#e( e(e")&$e( e&(#e !"$ r$" )$"#&%$% %e #ere"/(. E(#/ (!)e%e e(e)&$;e"#e )/" /( $)e&#e( %e &;*" 8 "$r$"$> /( #ere"/( 3/r;$" (/!)&/"e( /()!r$( 8$
14. RECOMENDACIONES
43
D!r$"#e $ %e(#&$)&*" /r $rr$(#re %e '$/r e" $ $"#$ &/#/ !#&&:$%$ $r$ e(#e r/*(&#/> (e %e-e" &"(#$$r e" !"#/( e(#r$#&)/(> &"(#r!;e"#/( %e ;e%&)&*" %e $( '$r&$-e( re(&*" 8 #e;er$#!r$. E(#/ )/" e r/*(&#/ %e )/"#r/$r e r/)e(/ %e"#r/ %e /( r$"/( ;"&;/( 8 ;=&;/( %e re(&*" 8 #e;er$#!r$ $ $ )!$ e( /(&-e $rr$(#r$r e $)e&#e (&" &%r/&:$r/. E r/)e(/ %e %e(#&$)&*" /r $rr$(#re %e '$/r re )/;/ %e $ #e;er$#!r$ %e $!$ e" e &"#er)$;-&$%/r. E #&e;/ / 3(&)$(> ;&)r/-&/*&)$( 8 '&(!$e(
15. REFERENTE BIBLIOGRFICO
44
