Information on Architecture and Engineering_v2017-500

CREDIT TO THE OWNER – Unknown Shared to Leandro Locsin Group 2018 - SPLBE INFORMATION ON ARCHITECTURE AND ENGINEERING_V2017-500

ID

Questions

1

History Of Architecture

Cultural Center of the Philippines Leandro Locsin 2


Philippine International Convention Center Leandro Locsin 3


Saint Andrew Apostle Parish Ar. Leandro Locsin 4

Building Technology

5

Building Technology

CHB LayingVernacular Term: Asintada

Scaffolding Vernacular term- Plancha/Andamiyo 6

Utilities

Service Entrance CAP

7

Building Technology

Pantry Vernacular Term- Despensa

Question Image

CREDIT TO THE OWNER – Unknown Shared to Leandro Locsin Group 2018 - SPLBE 8

Building Technology

9

"Building Technology"

10


Vernacular Terms Window Sill-Pasamano Window Head- Sumbrero Eave Vernacular Term-Sibe

TrussVernacular Term- Kilo 11


Ceiling Joist- Kostilyahe Horizontal Stud- Pabalagbag Vertical Stud- Pilarete

12


Handrail-Gabay 13


Window Type-Awning 14


Plastering/Stucco-Palitada

15


Corrugated G. I SheetVernacular term- Hiero Kanalado


"Utilities"

Angle Valve

17


Panel Door Vernacular term- De Bandeha 18


19


Window type-Sliding

Earth Fill Vernacular term-Escombo 20

"Utilities"

Flexible hose

21


Concrete Slab-Larga Masa Flooring- Suelo



Putty Vernacular term-Masilya 23


Metal Work Vernacular term- Suban/ Poleva 24

"Utilities"

Kitchen Sink Vernacular Term-Prigadero 25

"Utilities" Plumbing

*Vernacular term Lavatory-Lababo Water Closet-Inodoro Shower Head- Ducha *Type of Bath-(3/4 Bath) 26


Fasia Board Vernacular term-Senepa 27

"History of Architecture"

Saint Andrew Apostle Parish Interior View-Modern Architecture

28

"Theory of Architecture"Color wheel

Puregold Supermaket- Analogous Color Green, Yellow Green, & Yellow


"Utilities"

Bollards-Separator of Sidewalk and Carriage-way 30

"Utilities"

ACCU- Air Cooled Condensing Unit 31

"Utilities"

Type of Luminaire-Pendant light, Low Bay

32

"Utilities"

2 Gang Switch

33

"Utilities"

Overhead Door Closer 34


Manila Cathedral Ar. Fernando Ocampo



Manila Cathedral-Interior View Romanesque Revival Architecture 36

"Utilities"

Acoustic Board-Commercial size 2' x 4'

37

"Utilities"

Air Outlet Type Grill Aluminum profile

38


Manila Metropolitan Theater Philippine Art Deco Ar. Juan Arellano 39


Times Theater Ar.Luiz Araneta

40

"Utilities"

AHU- Air Handling Unit (Window Type)


"Utilities" Type of Luminaire

2-40Watts Surface Mounted Troffer Light 42


Down spout Vernacular term- Tubo De Banada 43

"Building Technology"/ Vernacular Term

Bolt- Pierno Washer- Pitsa Nut- Truerka 44


Floor Joist Vernacular term- Soleras 45


Gutter- Alulod

46


Hall Vernacular term- Caida 47

"Utilities"

Type of luminaire- Ceiling Mounted Down Light 48

"Theory of Architecture" Color Wheel

Eurotel Building Complementary Color- Green & Red



Standpipe with Siamese Connection

50

"Utilities"

Escalator Skirt Brush 51

"Utilities"

Type of Luminaire-Floor Light

52

"Utilities"Signal System

Wi-fi Booster/Extender

53


Rivet Vernacular term- Rimatse



Manila Central Post Office Building Ar.Juan Arellano Neoclassical Architecture style 55


Manila City Hall Ar. Antonio Toledo neoclassical style 56

"Theory of Architecture" Color Wheel

MINISTOP Signage/Logo Triadic Colors- Blue, Red & Yellow 57

"Utilities"

Fire Code/Plumbing Wet Standpipe OutletLocation near at Staircase in each floor of the building 58

"Utilities"

Electrical THHN/THWN Wire #12- 3.5mm2 (150meters/Box) 59

"Utilities"

Electrical THHN/THWN Wire #10 - 5.5mm2 (150meters/box) 60

"Utilities"

Fan Coil Unit- 4 way Cassette (Ceiling Mounted)


"Utilities"

Electrical Splicing Gutter Box

62


Baseboard (Painted) Vernacular term- Rodapis 63

"Building Technology" Hardware

Cylindrical Lock & Dead Bolt It can purchase by one set that have same key

64

"Urban Planning"

Rizal Park (Luneta Park) *Consider as Landmark in Manila City Planned by Daniel Burnham 65

"Utilities" Lighting

Type of Luminaire- Lantern


"Building Technology" Equipment

Tower Crane

67

"Theory of Architecture"

Spatial Relationship Lrt & Mrt Stations-A Good example of (Spaces Linked by a Common space) 68

"Urban Planning"

"Urban Planning" Quirino Grandstand- One of example of (Robustness)Can be used for many different purposes #JesusSaves 69


Pile Driver- Used to driven piles into soil to provide foundation support of the building


"Utilities" Plumbing/ Fire Code

Fire Hydrant

71

"Theory of Architecture & History of Architecture"

National Museum of Anthropology Classified as Masculine architecture 72

"Utilities" Electrical

Out Door Transformer- Cluster mounted on a single pole

73


Pailou-Chinese Memorial Archway Edifice at Chinese Garden Luneta park 74


Keystone- Wedge shape stone piece at the Apex of masonry Arch at Supreme Court

75


Steel Cladding- To provide layer intended to control the infiltration of weather elements or for aesthetic purposes.

CREDIT TO THE OWNER – Unknown Shared to Leandro Locsin Group 2018 - SPLBE

Sample at the UST Building 76


Sto. Domingo Church Ar. Jose Maria Zaragoza 77


Polyethylene sheet & Anti termite- Use to prevent pest 78

"Building technology" Equipment

Blow Torch- Use for bending PolyVinyl Chloride (PVC) Pipe

79


Sand and Gravel Vernacular Term- Latillas

80


Equipment & Concrete Mixture Concrete Bagger Mixer Class A Concrete Mixture 1:2:4 for Footing, Pier, Columns, Girders,Beams, Joist and Slab Class B Concrete Mixture 1: 2.5: 5 for Slab on Fill and non-load bearing wall (4"CHB)



Epoxy Primer- Kind of paint that have anticorrosive/Oxidation protection for metal surfaces

82


Estimate Tile GroutOne kilo per 8 sqm. if (.30m X .30m tiles)

83

"Structural Conceptualization & Building Technology"

*Crescent Truss design at the Rizar Park Open Air Auditorium 84

"Utilities" Internet Hardware

"Utilities" Internet Hardware 85


Junction Box Type- Non metallic Form- Octagon Use- As Connection of Conduit and As Pullbox


"Utilities" Fire Alarm System

Manual system-Uses visual detection and the alarm is triggered by hand

87

"Utilities" Plumbing Fittings

Elbow 90° Bend Sanitary pipe

88


Type of Roof- Lean to shed roof

89

"Design" Transportation Facilities Location: NAIA terminal 4

1) Occupancy Building (Rule 7 at PD1096) =Airport Terminal belongs to Group E-1 2)Apron- Air side on airport to accommodate aircraft for purposes of loading and unloading passengers, Cargo, Fuelling and parking. 3)Type of Air craft parking Configuration= NOSE- IN Configuration 4)Apron-Terminal Relationship= Linear Concept — at NAIA Terminal 4.


"Building Technology" Materials

Tinted Glass Wall- Glass treated with coating to reduce the transmission of light through it. Sample At the Mandaluyong City Hall 91


Life Theater/ Teofilo Villonco Building -Art Deco Style Ar. Pablo Antonio

92

"Urban Planning"

Image of the City Welcome Rotonda- Consider as Edges Boundary of Manila and Quezon city

93


Kind of Stucco Finishes= Dash Texture 94

"Utilites" Electrical

Electrical Post Insulator


"Building Technology & Building Laws (PD1096) "

Staircase Detail Vernacular Term Stair-Hagdan Tread- Baytang (250mm)Minimum Riser- Takip Silipan(200mm) Maximum Stringer(Open)- Hardinera Stringer (Closed) Escalera 96


Metal Stud, (For Framing) Metal Track (For Edge/Border) Carrying Channel (For Hanger/Support) (Commercial Size 3 meters Length per pc) 97

"Utilities" Lightning

LED- Light Emitting diode Sample at Christmas Tree at the Star City 98

"Utilities" Hardware

Type of Door -Roll Up Door 99


P-Trap 100

"Utilities" Painting Materials

Difference Use of Latex & Enamel Flat Latex- For Concrete Surfaces Flat Wall Enamel- For Wood & Metal Surfaces 101


Busbar- Electrical conductor in a generating or receiving station


"Utilities" Door Hardware

Flush Bolt- Used on pairs of doors to secure the inactive leaf

103


THHN/ THWN #14- 2.0mm2 Wire (150m/box) Brand-Phelp Dodge

104

"Utilities" Hardware

Cabinet Hinge Vernacular term- Espolon Type of Hinge- Concealed Hinge


"Utilities" Type of Luminaire

Directional Lightning Track light- Lighting where luminaires are attached to and are movable along metal track

106


Classical, Neoclassical and Baroque Architecture Type of Pediment- Triangular Pediment Sample at the Facade of Tutuban Center 107

"Utilities" Plumbing/ Fire Code

Fire Hose Cabinet is Fire fighting equipment including: 1) A hose reel with axial supply 2) A water supply tap adjacent to the hose reel 3) A basic length of semi rigid hose 30m maximum length 4) A spreader tip 5) A rating plate and operational instruction life PD 1096Hose and Hose Reel Max Length not over 23 meters 108


Non-Skid Concrete Tiles Commercial Size: 30mmx200mmx200mm Type: Chocolate type Commonly use: Drop Off, Parking Ramp Sample picture at Eton Emerald Loft Basement parking


"Building Laws" RA9514 Fire Code of the Philippines

Fire Exit Stair Dimention Criteria for new stairs Max Height of risers: 180mm Min. Height of riser:100mm Minimum tread depth:280mm Minimum width <2000pax: 1120mm >2000pax: 1420mm Minimum Head Room: 2000mm Max. Height between landings:3660mm 110

"Building Laws" BP344 Accessibility Law

Washroom & Toilet Area: 1.70m X 1.80m Max. height of of Water Closet: 0.45m Max Flush Control of Water Closet: 1.20m Standard height Water Closet railings:0.80m Max. height of Elongated lip of Urinal:0.48m Standard height of Urinal railing:0.60m Max. height of Lavatories:0.80 Min. Depth of Lavatories counter:0.50 Grab Bar: One Movable grab bar and one fixed to the adjacent wall shall be installed at the accessible water closet stall for lateral mounting. 111

"Building Law" RA 7279 The Urban Development and Housing Act

NHA- National Housing Authority Function: *Augment and Enhance local government capabilities


"Building Law" RA 7279 The Urban Development and Housing Act

NEDA- National Economic Development Authority Function: Data for forward planning 113

"Building Technology" Glass product

Glass Blocks Use- Glass blocks provide visual obscuration while admitting light. Special types1)Bullet and Vandal Resistance 2)Fire Resistance 3)Gas insulated 4)Colored Glass 114

"Utilities" Security system

CCTV- Close Circuit Television Use: Video surveillance to monitor interior or exterior areas Components: 1)Surveillance Camera-Has tilt,pan and zoom capabilities that can be controlled from central station. Signal transmitted by Cabling or Internet 2)Monitor- Max 16 Channel per monitor 3) Digital Video recorder- Stores data that can be digitally enhanced and analysed 115


Difference Between Backhoe (Left) & Front End Loader (Right ) Backhoe-has a two-limbed arm with a digging bucket on its end. The limbs are called the boom and the dipper; the dipper holds the bucket. Front End Loader- a vehicle with a large scoop in front that is used for digging and


loading loose material. 116


Chain Bolt Vernacular Term- Baral De Kadena 117


PolyCarbonate Sheet Commonly use: For Roofing 118


Brick Standard Size: 2 1/4 X 3 3/4 x 8 Inches 119

"Building Technology" Glass Product

Stained Glass- Glass that has been coloured by adding metallic salt during its manufacture Exclusively use- At the windows of churches Photo taken at The Immaculate Conception Cathedral of Cubao 120

"Building Laws" BP 344 Accessibility Law

PWD Parking slots= 3.70m (Min width)X 5.0m Accessible walkway spaces between the front ends of parked cars= 1.20m (Clear width) 121


Baluster- Is a moulded shaft square or of lathe turned form. A form cut from a rectangular or square plank. Vernacular term- Barandillas


Made- Can be Stone,Wood and Metal Commonly uses- Stairs and Parapet 122

"Utilities" Lighting System

Valance Lighting- Light sources are shielded by a panel parallel to the wall. This provides light both upwards and downwards over the wall 123

"Building Laws" RA9514 (Fire Code of the Philippines)

Spiral Stair Components of means of egress Riser Height- Max.180mm Tread Depth- Min. 280mm Clear Width Inner Handrail- 610mm Clear Width to other Handrail- 265mm If occupant load not exceed three (3) Riser Height- Max. 190mm Treand Depth- Min. 240mm Clear Width Inner Handrail- 660 Headroom Height- Min. 1.98m 124


Gothic Architecture Style Type of Window- Rose Window or Catherine Window

125

"Utilities" Lighting System

Cove Lighting- A light source are shielded by a ledge to distribute light upwards over the ceiling and upper wall.


"Building Laws" PD 1096, RA 9514 & NFPA ( National Fire Protection Association)

Fire Sprinkler System: Distance to Exits PD1096(NBC) Without Fire sprinkler- Max. 45 meters With Fire sprinkler- Max. 60 meters RA 9514(FireCode) Without Fire sprinkler- Max. 46 meters With Fire sprinkler- Max. 61 meters Max. Spacing between sprinklers NFPA By Occupancy Hazard Light Hazard- 15ft/ 4.5 meters Medium Hazard- 15ft/ 4.5 meters Extra Hazard- 12ft/ 3.6 merers 127

"History of Architecture" Gothic Architecture Style

Type of Vault- Decorative Vault Type of Column/Capital- Corinthian Interior View of The Immaculate Conception Cathedral of Cubao

128

"Tropical and Sustainable Design" Type of Green Wall Application

Mat Media- A system tend to be either Coir Fiber or Felt Mats. Root system mature plants- 3 to 5 years before the roots overtake the mat. 129

"Building Technology" Types of Window

Bay Window- A bay in this context being an interior recess made by the outward projection of a wall. Purpose/ Use- To admit more light than


would a window flush with the wall line 130


Elevator Location- Max. 30 meters from the entrance. DimensionMin. 1.10 X 1.40 meters(Elevator Car) Min. 0.80 meter Width (Door) Min. 1.50 x 1.80 meters (Elevator Shaft/ Hoistway) Control panels- 0.90 to 1.20 (from the floor) Button Control- 20mm Dia. & 1mm Depression with bralle type signs 131

"Tropical and Sustainable Design" Type of Green wall Application

Loose Media- Tend to be (Soil on a shelf) or ( Soil in the bag). Systems have their soil packed into a Shelf or Bag Life span- 1 year for Exterior, approximately 2 years for Interior 132


Open Terrace Vernacular term- Azotea 133

"History of Architecture" Classical Architecture

Ionic Capital/Column Sample at the Manila city hall (Interior)


"Utilities"

Exhaust Fan- Used to control the interior environment by venting out unwanted odors, particulates, smoke, moisture and other contaminants which may be present in the air. Location- at the Wall

135

"History of Architecture" Revival of Gothic Architecture

San Sebastian ChurchThe Asia's first all- Iron building The only all-Steel Church in philippines Architect- Genaro Palacios 136

"History of Architecture" Gothic Revival Architecture

San Sebastian Church Interior View Type of Vault- Early English Vault

137

"Utilities & Building Laws (PD1096)"

Escalator Typical Specifications: Width of Escalator- 24", 32", 48" Angle of inclination- 30 Degrees Speed- 90fpm, 100fpm and 120fpm PD1096 (NBC) Provisions Min.width 560mm Max. width 1.20m Standard width of Steps (Tread) 330mm Escalator Arrangement- Single Continuous


138


Pop Up Floor Outlet- Is a Electrical outlets that are installed into a floor area rather than into wall. Equipped by- Metal plate to protect the outlet and wiring along with a cover that prevents dust and other material. Usually found. At the Malls 139

"Building Technology (Equipment) & Building Laws(ASTM C94) American Society for Testing and Materials

Concrete Mixer truck- Is A Device/Equipment that homogeneously combines Cement, Aggregates and water to form Concrete. A Typical concrete mixer uses a revolving drum to mix the components. ASTM C94- Time limits for discharge of concrete shall completed within 1 1/2 hours after the introduction of the mixing water to the cement and aggregates 140

"Structural Conceptualization"

Type of Truss Diagonal & Horizontal Brace- Lattice Truss Vertical Brace- Deck Warren Truss Diagonal Brace Vernacular term- Pie De Gallo Sample at the Ayala Bridge 141

"Utilities" Mechanical

Tornado Turbine/ Rotary Turbine A natural ventilation that use to remove the convicted heat and induces currents of fresh air producing a substantial cooling effect on people and the environment.


Composition material- Galvanized and Aluminium Type of Building Usually installedIndustrial building 142

"Building Technology" Door Hardware

Accordion Door- A hinge door consisting of a system of panels which are hung from an overhead track. 143


Saint Jude Parish Architecture style- Modern style 144

"Utilities" Air Conditioning system

Central Chilled Water system- Consist of a central chiller to cool water.Chilled water is used by the Air Handling Unit (AHU) or Fan Coil Unit (FCU) to cool air. Common components: 1.AHU- An equipment containing coil Filters,dampers and fans that used to condition and air circulate. Location- Outdoor Equipment 2.Cooling Tower- An equipment that expels heat from chilled water system when water is cooled by directly or indirectly. Location- Outdoor Equipment 3. Chiller- A cooling equipment that produce chilled water,which is used to remove heat from the building. Location- Outdoor (Roofdeck) or Indoor Equipment (Basement)


"Building Laws"PD 1096

Minimum Parking Slot Dimension Perpendicular Parking- 2.50m X 5.00m Advantage- Best parking layout to maximize the lot parking space. Diagonal Parking-2.50m X 5.00m Advantage- Best layout in easy entry and to exit from parking slot. Disadvantage- Requires larger space. Parallel Parking- 2.15m X 6.00m Advantage- Best layout to narrow spaces and it reduces driveway. Disadvantage- Difficult in entry and to exit from parking slot. 146

"Utilities" Type of Luminaires

Directional Lighting Flood Light- The most broader luminaire among the 2 other classified at Directional lightning (Spot Light & Track Light) 147


Art Deco Statue (Siamese Dancer) at the Manila Metropolitan Theater By Itallian Sculptor Francesco Riccardo Monti


"Utilities" Type of Luminaires

Pendant lighting Chandelier- One example of High Bay Pendant lightning

149

"Utilities" Telecommunication

Transmission Material RJ45- Is a female connectors composed of 8 pin connector used for data transmission/ networking

150


Expansion Bolt- Are fasteners used in masonry materials that expand once inserted into a predrilled hole in the masonry. Other term - Dynabolt

151

"Building Technology" Tools

Caulking Gun (Sealant Gun) Is a tool that holds a tube or cartridge that filled with material used for sealing up gabs and cracks. 152


Crowbar Also called a wrecking bar & Pry Bar Spanish Term- Bareta de Cabra


Use- As lever either to force part two objets or to remove nails. 153


Slot Screwdriver- A slotted of flat blade Use- Is a tool,manual or powered for turning,driving or removing screws. 154


Difference between Phillip & Frearson Screw Drive Phillips screw drive- Is a tool that has cross shape and features the ability to self center. Frearson screw drive- Also known as the Reed and Prince screw driver, is similar to philips screw but the frearson has a sharp tip and larger angle in the V shape. 155


Box Wrench- A cylindrical wrench with a hexagonal end fitting over the head of the nut, used especially when the nut is difficult to reach. 156


A U-Shaped opening that two grips two opposite faces of the bolt or nut. The open end wrench also have different size opening at each end



Rigid steel Conduit (RSC) Typically Made- Coated steel, Stainless steel, Red brass or Aluminum. -Can be installed indoors or outdoors, in Dry or Wet Location, Exposed or Concealed, In all kinds of Atmospheric conditions and in Hazardous Location Actual- Suggested electrical conduit for Service Entrance by Meralco 158


One hole metal clamp- Also known as(Metal wire clamps) are an excellent way to secure wires, cable and tubing. they are galvanized to prevent rust and corrosion. 159


Sliding Window Lock Material- Cast Aluminum Surface Treatment- Powder Coating

160


Awning Window Locking Handle(Right Hand) Also known as Rim Lock Material- Aluminum Surface Treatment- Powder coating



Push Button Urinal Valve

162

"Building Technology" Consumable

Polituff Polyester Body Filler & Hardener Use to formulated to fill in surface prior to topcoat painting, It is an impact shock resistant putty especially designed for use on auto body patching of leaks, holes, and flaws Application- Can be use in wood and metal surfaces. Commercial Packaging- 4 Liters & 1 Liter can 163


Reinforcing Bar- is a common steel bar that is hot rolled and is used widely in the construction industry, especially for concrete reinforcement. Steel rebar is most commonly used as a tensioning devise to reinforce concrete and other masonry structures to help hold the concrete in a compressed state. Vernacular Term-Kabilya Strirrups Rebars- Stirrups are provided to hold the main reinforcement rebars.Stirrups are placed at proper intervals to beams and columns to prevent them from buckling. Vernacular Term-Anilyo


"Building Technology" Manpower/ Construction Workers

Mason- A mason is a skilled construction worker who uses bricks, stones and cement in building structures for all types of industrial, commercial and residential projects. Vernacular Term- Kantero 165


U-Bolt- A bolt in the shape of the letter U with screw threads on both ends. Function- U Bolt provides the force required to clamp leaf spring and related components firmly together. 166

"Utilities(Plumbing)& Building Laws (PD957&BP220)

Drainage System Min. Diameter of Drainage Pipe(PVC)300mm Location- Underground 167

"Building Laws" RA9514 Fire Code

Panic Hardware- A Mechanical device consisting of linkages and horizontal bars across a door, which pushed from the inside will cause the door to open and facilitates exit from the building. Panic Hardware Door Latch force not more than-7kg-f Panic Hardware bars shall not less than 2/3 of the width of the door Panic Hardware bar height above the floorMin. 0.76m Max. 1.12m


"Building Technology & History of Architecture"

Precast Concrete Louver Blocks Commercial Size: Ordinary Size-5 1/2 x 5 1/2 x 12 Inches Double Louver Size- 6 X 6 x 16 Inches Picture taken at Philippine Columbian Club HouseArchitect: Rogelio Villarosa 169


Reflective Insulation- Made from such materials as Aluminum or Copper Coil or Sheet metal with bright surface that reflect heat rather than absorbing it. Commercial Size: 4 ft X 25 ft (1 roll) 170

"Professional Practice" Architect Minimum Basic Fee

"Moderate" Parks/ Cemetery OLD SPP - 7% MBF (60% Architect,40% Engineers) NEW SPP- 6% MBF (60% Architect, 40% Engineers) Picture taken at Manila Memorial Parks — at Manila Memorial Park, Sucat Paranaque. 171

"Utilities" Transmission Material

Coaxial Cable- Is the kind of copper cable usedbby cable TV companies between the community antenna and user homes. Characteristic- Has 2 conductors: Inner solid wire surrounded by an outer braided metal sheath. The conductors both run concentrically along the same axis,each are insulated and a hard casing protects the entire cable.


172


Gate Valve- Also known as A Sluice Valve is a valve which opens by lifting a round gate/wedge out of the path of the fluid. Characteristic- Threaded stem raises and lowers a wedge- shaped disk, which fits againts a smooth machine surface within the valve body. Types: Rising stem- Inside screw Rising stem- Outside stem and yoke Non Rising stem-Inside screw 173

"Building Laws" RA 9514 Fire Code

Portable and Wheeled Fire Extinguishers -Is an active fire protection devised used to extinguish or control small fires, often in emergency situations. Types: Stored Pressure Units- Common Type Use- Residential, Commecial, Institutional and Etc. Cartridge Operated- Not Common Type Use- Industrial Facilities, Higher average use. Classes of Fire: Class A- Fires involving Ordinary combustible solid materials. Class B-Fires involving flammable and combustible liquid and gas. Class C- Fires involving energized electrical equipment. Class D- Fires involving combustible materials.


Class K- Fires in cooking appliances that involve combustible cooking media. Characteristic: Hand Held Fire Extinguishers- Weigh 0.5 to 14 Kilograms Cart Mounted Fire Extinguishers- 23 Kilograms 174


Hose Clamps- is a device used to attach and seal a hose onto a fitting such as a barb or nipple. Use: To secure and preventing any fluid flowing through the hose from leaking at the connection. Characteristic: Attribute-Worm-drive hose clamps can be daisy chained or siamesed to make long clamp Made- Stainless steel 175


Ball Valve Function-A valve in which the flow is controlled by a ball that fits tightly againts a resilient seat in the valve body, as the ball is turned water flows through a port in the ball. Only requires a 90 degree rotation of the handle to open or close the valve.


"Professional Practice"

HDMF- Home Development Mutual Fund Pag-Ibig Fund- " Pagtutulungan sa Kinabukasan: Ikaw, Bangko, Industria at Gobyerno. 177

"BuildingnTechnology" Door Hardware

Escutcheon- A flat piece of metal for protection and often ornamentation, around a keyhole or Door Handle

178

"Building Technology" Hand Tools

Riveter- Is a manually operated tool used to install blind rivets. Riveter tools are generally designed for use with blind rivets only and work by pulling the rivet mandrel through the rivet body to expand and secure it.



Drill- is a tool fitted with a cutting tool attachment or driving tool attachment usually a drill bit. Used for boring holes in various materials or fastening various material together with the use of fasteners.

180

" Building Technology" Hand Tools

Snips- Also known as shears . used to cut sheet metal and other tough webs. Tagalog term- Gunting De Yero 181


Drill Bit- Is a cutting tools used to remove materials to create holes, almost always of circular cross section. Procedure- In order to create holes drill bits are attached to a Drill. Which powers them to cut through the workplace typically by rotation. Application- Can use in Wood, Metal and Concrete surfaces 182


MARINA/ Manila Yatch Club Exceptional type OLD SPP= 8% MBF (60% Architect, 40% Engineers) NEW SPP= 7% MBF (60% Architect, 40% Engineers) — at Manila Yacht Club.


"Professional Practice" Architect Minumum Basic Fee

Moderate Type Mall/ Robinson Malls OLD SPP = 7% MBF (60% Architect , 40% Engineers) NEW SPP= 6% MBF ( 60% Architect, 40% \Engineers) — at Robinson's Ermita, Manila. 184


Hotel/Sofitel Philippine Plaza Exceptional Type OLD SPP= 8% MBF (60% Architect, 40% Engineers) NEW SPP= 7% MBF (60% Architect, 40% Engineers) — at Sofitel Philippine Plaza Manila. 185

"Building Technology" Consumables

Thread Seal Tape- Also known PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene) Genericised Trade Name- Teflon Tape Function- Is a very thin white tape used to wrap the threaded ends of metal and plastic pipes to lubricate the threads and prevent leaks. The thin tape fills the minute gap between the male and female pipe threads stopping water leaks. 186


Pliers Used to hold objects firmly possibly developed from tongs used in handle. Also useful for Bending and compressing a wide range of materials.



Stick Electrodes- Also known Welding Rod. Characteristic- A metal wires with baked on chemical coatings. Use- The Rod used to sustain the welding arc and to provide the filler metal required for the joint to be welded. Commercial Size- 3/32", 1/8", 5/32" The smaller the diameter means it requires less current and it deposits a smaller amount of filler metal. 188

"Building Laws" PD1096

Cul-De-Sac A street or passage closed at one end. A dead-end street, especially one ending in circular turnaround. Min.Clear width of Road= 3.35m Min Radius = 9.15m Max. Run= 50.00m 189


Construction Hoist Also known as Manlift, BuckHoist or Temporary Elevator. Function- Use to Carry personel, Materials and Equipment quickly between The Ground and Higher floors of a Structure. Made Up- One or Two cars (Cages) with travel vertically along stacked mast tower section. The mast section are attached to the Structure or Building every 25 feet (7.62m) for added stability.


"History of Architect"

Cathedral of the Holy Child Architect- Carlos Arguelles

191

"History Of Architecture"

FEU Main Building Art Deco Style Architect= Pablo Antonio (2nd National Artist for Architecture) 192

"History of Architecture & Professional Practice" Architect Minimum Basic Fee

Andres Bonifacio (KKK) Monument Monumental 12% MBF 193


OLD GSIS BUILDING Architect- Federico S. Ilustre 194


The Manila Hotel Architect- William E. Parsons(Design &Construction) Architect- Andres Luna De San Pedro (Renovation)


"Professional Practice (Architect Minimum Basic Fee) & Design (DOH Guidelines)"

Manila Med/ Hospital Exceptional OLD SPP 8% MDF NEW SPP 7% MDF Design- Classified in Institutional Building Rule VII- General Institutional (GI) Parking: Public 1(Slot)-25(Beds) Private 1(Slot)- 12(Beds) Hospital Zoning: Outer Zone- Emergency Dept & Out patient Department. Second Zone- Laboratory, Radiology & Pharmacy Inner Zone- Patient Rooms (Wards) and Nurse Stations Deep Zone- Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Operating Room(OR), Delivery Room(DR) Service Zone- Dietary,Motor Pool Intergrated Zone- Dialysis Center , Eye center Special Service Zone- Morgue or Mortuary Exits: Minimum 2 Exits every Floor Corridor: Minimum 2.44 For Patient & Equipment Access. Minimum of 1.83 for Admins Use Distance:


Mortuary should be atleast 25 meters away to Dietary (Canteen) Space Requirments: 5.02sqm/Staff 7.43sqm/ Bed 0.65sqm/ Person Occupying the space at one time 1.08/ Stretcher 1.67/ Toilet 196

"Professional Practice" R.A. 9266

"Architecture Act of 2004" Section 1- Short TITLE Section 2- Statement of POLICY Section 3- Definition of TERMS Section 4 - CREATION and COMPOSITION of the Professional Regulatory Board. Section 5- QUALIFICATIONS OF MEMBERS of the Professional Regulatory Board. Section 6- TERM OF OFFICE Section 7 - POWER and FUNCTION of the Board. Section 8-ADMINISTRATIVE SUPERVISION of the Board, Custodian of its Records, Secretariat and Support Services. Section 9- GROUND OF SUSPENSION or removal of the members of the Board. Section 10- COMPENSATION and ALLOWANCE of the Board. Section 11- ANNUAL REPORT Section 12- EXAMINATION required Section 13- QUALIFICATION OF APPLICANT for Examination.


Section 14- SUBJECT for Examination. Section 15- RATING in the Licensure Examination. Section 16- REPORT of ratings Section 17- OATH Section 18- ISSURANCE OF CERTIFICATES of Registration and Professional Identification Card. Section 19- ROSTER OF ARCHITECTS Section 20- SEAL, Issuance and Use of Seal Section 21- INDICATION OF CERTIFICATE of Registration/ Professional Identification Card and Professional Tax Receipt. Section 22- REFUSAL to Issue Certificate of registration and Professional Identification Card. Section 23- SUSPENSION and REVOCATION of Certificates of Registration, Professional Identification Card or the Special/ Temporary Permit. Section 24- RE-ISSURANCE or REPLACEMENT of revoked or lest Certificateof Registration.Professional Identification Card or Special and Temporary Permit. Section 25- REGISTRATION OF ARCHITECTS Required Section 26- VESTED RIGHTS: Architects Registered When this Law passed Section 27- RECIPROCITY Requirements Section 28- Continuing Professional Development (CPD)


Section 29- Prohibition in the Practice of Architecture and PENAL CLAUSE. Section 30- Prohibition in the PRACTICE OF ARCHITECTURE Section 31- LIABILITY of Representative of Non- Registered Persons Section 32- SIGNING OF ARCHITECTURAL PLAN, Specification and Other Contract Documents Section 33- OWNERSHIP OF PLAN, Specification and Other Contract documents Section 34- NON-REGISTERED PERSON shall not claim Equivalent Service Section 35- POSITION IN GOVERNMENT Requiring the Service of Registered and Licensed Architects Section 36- Collection of PROFESSIONAL FEES. Section 37- LIMITATION to the Registration of a Firm, company, Partnership, Corporation or Association. Section 38- COVERAGE of Temporary/ Special Permits Section 39 - LIABILITY INSURANCE of a person or Entity Allowed to Practice under a Temporary/ Special Permits Section 40- INTEGRATION of the Architecture Profession Section 41- IMPLEMENTING RULES AND REGULATIONS Section 42- APPROPRIATIONS


Section 43- ACT NOT AFFECTING other Professionals Section 44- ENFORCEMENT of the ACT Section 45- SEPARABILITY CLAUSE Section 46- REPEALING CLAUSE Section 47- EFFECTIVITY *KEY WORDS- All Capitalize Words 197

"Professional Practice(Architect Minimum Basic Fee) & Design"

EARIST

/College Buildings

Moderate type OLD SPP- 7% MBF NEW SPP-6% MBF Design Rule VIIOccupancy of Building -Division C Zoining Classification- General Institutional (GI) Site Zoining Academic Zone- Classroom & Laboratories Administration Zone- Overall Management and Administration of the School Ancillary Zone- Canteen & Auditorium Service Zone- Motorpool, Electrical room & Workshop Recreational Zone- Sports and other Leisure Activities Religious Zone - Building with a Religious function Parking Slot


Public Colleges: 1(Car slot)/5(Classroom) 2 Jeepney/Shuttle 1 (School bus)/ 200(Students) Private Colleges: 1(Car slot)/ 3 (Classroom) 2 Jeepney/Shuttle 1 (School Bus)/ 100 (student) Design Criteria Classrooms: 7.00 X 9.00 Meters (Min) Classes Size: 40 Students Minimum Space Requirements: Classroom- 1.8 sqm per place (Each person) Science Lab- 2.1sqm per place (Each person) Library- 2.4sqm per place (Each person) Admin Office-5sqm per place (Each person) Clinic-28sqm gross Corridor Width- 1.1m (Min) Admin Ceiling Height: 2.7 Natural Ventilated 2.4 Artificial Ventilated No. Of Exits Doors- At least 2 Minimum Air Space: 3.00 Cubic Meters with 1.00sqm of floot area per person Workshop,Factories & Office- 12 Cubic meters air sapce per person Habitable Rooms- 14 Cubic Meters of air space per person


Plumbing Facilities (PD1096) Water Closet: 1/40 Male, 1/30 Female Urinals: 1/35 Lavatories 1/40 Male, 1/30 Female Dringking Fountain: 1/75 Persons 198


Grader-Also commonly referred to as a road grader or a motor grader, is a construction machine with a long blade used to create a flat surface during the grading process. Typical models have three axles, with the engine and cab situated above the rear axles at one end of the vehicle and a third axle at the front end of the vehicle, with the blade in between. Commonly Used- Construction and maintenance of dirt roads and gravel roads. In the construction of paved roads they are used to prepare the base course to create a wide flat surface upon which to place the asphalt. Graders are also used to set native soil foundation pads to finish grade prior to the construction of large buildings. 199


Parking Structures Simple Type OLD SPP- 6% MBF NEW SPP-5% MBF 200


Spirit Level Also known Level Bar, Bubble Level or Level tool.


Used: Is an instrument designed to indicate whether a surface is Horizontal (Level) Or Vertical (Plumb) Different type of Spirit Level may be used by Carpenters,Stone Masons or Other building trades workers. 201


Hand Plane- Is a combination of cutting edge such as sharpened metal plate attached to a firm body. Used: Hand plane is a tool for shaping wood using Muscle Power to force the cutting blade over the surface of a material. Generally all planes are used to flatten, Reduce the thickness and impart a smooth surface to rough piece of lumber or timber. Tagalog Term- Katam 202


A keyhole saw is a long, narrow saw used for cutting small, often awkward features in various building materials. 203


Air-Con Outlet (1-Gang) Brand- Parasonic


"Building Technology" Mosaic Glass

Vitreous Glass Tiles- Are 4mm thick standard tesserae they are usually made up of a main colour with slight variations dabbled across the tile. They are perpectly flat on side and grooved on the back in order to help with cutting band also aid the adhesive. These are available as 10mm and 20mm tiles in a large range of colours these tiles are frost and UVA resistant band therefore perpectly suited for indoor and outdoor use 205

"Building Technology" Glass Product

Toughened or tempered glass: Is a type of safety glass processed by controlled thermal or chemical treatments to increase its strength compared with normal glass. Tempering puts the outer surfaces into compression and the inner surfaces into tension. Advantage: The term "toughened glass" is generally used to describe fully tempered glass but is sometimes used to describe heatstrengthened glass as both types undergo a thermal "toughening" process. Disadvantages: Toughened glass must be cut to size or pressed to shape before toughening, and cannot be re-worked once toughened. Polishing the edges or drilling holes in the glass is carried out before the toughening process starts. Because of the balanced stresses in the glass, damage to any portion will eventually result in the glass shattering into thumbnail-sized pieces.



Central Lock 207


Hydraulic Hinge

208


Angle Grinder: Also known as a Side Grinder or Disc Grinder is a handheld powertool used for Cutting, Grinding and Polishing. Angle Grinder can powered by an electric motor, petrol engine or compressed air the motor drives a geared head at a right angle on which is mounted an Abrasive Disc or a thinner Cut-Off Disc. 209


StandoffIs simply a fixture that holds a sign away from a wall but it can also help enhance the signs appearance. Used for elevating and locating the parts to help increase the flexibility of fixture.



Welding machine is a device that provides an electric current to perform welding. Welding usually requires high current (over 80 amperes) and it can need above 12,000 amperes in spot welding. Low current can also be used; welding two razor blades together at 5 amps with gas tungsten arc welding is a good example. Classification- Welding machines are usually classified as constant current (CC) or constant voltage (CV); a constant current machine varies its output voltage to maintain a steady current while a constant voltage machine will fluctuate its output current to maintain a set voltage. 211


Pebble Wash Pebble Wash is also commonly called exposed aggregate finish. The 12mm thick combination of pebbles and cement mix at the ratio of 70% and 30% is laid on the well prepared substrate such as cement sand rendering or wall plastering.While the fresh lay pebbles cement topping is still in plastic plastic stage, special special brush is deployed deployed to remove the surface surface cement slurry to expose the pebbles. The next day, the balance cement stains is to be treated with acid wash. Lastly the finish surface is then sealed with a 2 coats of Sunseal G- 20F solven base acrylic sealer to protect from dirt and stains as well as improves the overall strength of the floor surface cum gives the job an attractive wet-look. ADVANTAGES OF PEBBLE WASH: ØNatural material, thus soothing to your eyes


ØWill not fade ØNo need to apply paint forever ØAesthetically beautiful ØGood for edging or contrast for flooring pattern HOW T0 INSTALL PEBBLE WASH : STEP NO. 1- IDENTIFY ELEMENT TO BE APPLIED WITH PEBBLE WASH STEP NO. 2-PREPARATION OF PEBBLE WASH MIX STEP NO.3-APPLY CEMENT AND PEBBLE MIXTURE ALL OVER THE ELEMENT INSTALL PEBBLE WASH MIX WHILST THE RENDERING STILL LOOK ' WET' BUT HARD ENOUGH TO WORK ON. COMPACTING AND SMOOTHING STEP NO.4-WASHING CEMENT ON TOP OF PEBBLE USE SHOE BRUSH AND WATER, BRUSH GENTLY AT LEAST AFTER ONE HOUR AFTER ONE DAY OR MORE, USE DILUTED SULPHURIC ACID AND ROLLER TO WASH LEFT OVER CEMENT ON TOP OF PEBBLE. STEP NO. 5. APPLY STONE SEALANT Commercial Size: 25 kilogram pebbles per Bag Estimate: 1 Bag of Pebbles + Cement can cover ten (10) square feet 212


Hand-held Circular Saw In woodworking the term circular saw is most commonly used to refer to a handheld, electric circular saw designed for cutting wood, but may be used for cutting other materials with different blades.


Circular saws can be either left or righthanded, depending on the side of the blade where the motor sits. A left-handed saw is typically easier to use if held in the right hand, and contrariwise for the righthanded saw, because the user does not need to lean across the saw to see the cutting line. 213


Power Miter Saw- Also known Cut off Machine or Drop Saw Is a power tool used to make a quick, accurate crosscut in a workpiece at a selected angle. Common uses include framing operations and the cutting of molding. Most miter saws are relatively small and portable, with common blade sizes ranging from eight to twelve inches. The miter saw makes cuts by pulling a spinning circular saw blade down onto a workpiece in a short, controlled motion. The workpiece is typically held against a fence, which provides a precise cutting angle between the plane of the blade and the plane of the longest workpiece edge. In standard position, this angle is fixed at 90°. 214

"Utilities" Fire Alarm System

Control Unit or Panel Function- The Control Panel is to energize the audible devices( Bells, Buzzer,Gongs) upon receipt of a signal from the detector. Also to shut-off of oil and gas lines, shut off of attic fans to prevent fire spread and turning off lights. Typical Parts1. Annunciator module alarm and Trouble Lights.


2. Control Module 3. Status Lights 4. Operating Controls 5. Power supply and Audible alarm modules Typical Control Functions System: 1. Non-Coded System- This system continuous ringing evacuation type alarm devices, manual or automic, which can be zoned and identifiable by means of an annunciator. 2. Master Coded System- This System is also called common coded or fixed coded system and generates four round of code. when the code set to ring the bells at 108 strokes per minute. 3.Zone Coded System- Manual station are grouped by circuit into zones which transmits to the panel and ring the zone's code the single stroke gong or chimes. 4. Dual Coded sytem- This system is a combination of the non-coded and the one coded system.When an alarm device operates, it initiates two diferrent functions. 5. General and Selective coded SystemThis is fully coded system in which all manual devices are coded and all automatic devices are arranged to trip code transmit at the panel. 6. Pre Signal System- Whwn it is desired to alert only key personnel, a system call pre signalling is used, where it is also selectively coded



Cement Tile: Also known hydraulic tiles are handmade colourful tiles used as floor coverings. They are mostly known throughout the world as encaustic cement tile. Like their predecessors, encaustic clay tiles, they derive their name from the term "encaustic" which is an art term used for metal enameling that uses a type of lost wax procedure. They have this name because of the intricate patterns and designs that mimic the encaustic enameling process. Cement tiles are not fired; there is no glaze layer on the surface of the tile. They derive their durability from the combination of finely dehydrated ground Portland cement layer and a more coarse layer of sand and cement. The pigment layer is hydraulically pressed into the surface and becomes a part of the tile. Vernacular Term- Baldosa 216


Air CompressorAn air compressor is a device that converts power (using an electric motor, diesel or gasoline engine, etc.) into potential energy stored in pressurized air By one of several methods, an air compressor forces more and more air into a storage tank, increasing the pressure. When tank pressure reaches its upper limit the air compressor shuts off. The compressed air, then, is held in the tank until called into use. The energy contained in the compressed air can be used for a variety of applications, utilizing


the kinetic energy of the air as it is released and the tank depressurizes. When tank pressure reaches its lower limit, the air compressor turns on again and repressurizes the tank. Construction Commonly Use- For Duco Paint Finish 217

"Ulitilites" Mechanical (Exhaust Air System)

Exhaust Air Cap

218


Telephone Outlet Cover

219

"Design & Building Laws (PD1096)"

SM Mall of Asia Architect: Robert Ong Rule VII Occupancy Classification: Group E (Business and Merchantile) Zoning Classification: C-3 (PUD) Planned Unit Development at Reclamation Area Parking Requirements: 1 Car slot for every 100m2 of Shopping Floor Area Classification Lvl Shopping Center Super Regional Center:


No.of Stores- At least 100 Area- 80000m2 plus Special Features- With several Department Stores Corridor Width (Minimum): 1.12m Exit Door Way(Means of Egress): Minimum- 2 Exit 500 to 1000 Persons- 3 Exits Min. Above 1000 - 4 Exits Min. *Not Included-Escalator and Elevator Ceiling Height: (Minimum) Clear Height- Vary 3m to 4.20m with 3.60m a good average. Occupant Load (Sqm per Person) Retails Store- 2.80sqm/person 220


Diamond Blade- is a saw blade which has diamonds fixed on its edge for cutting hard or abrasive materials. Function- Used to cutting stone, concrete, asphalt, bricks, coal balls, glass, and ceramics in the construction industry; cutting semiconductor materials in the IT industry; and cutting gemstones, including diamonds, in the gem industry. 221


Pipe Wrench- Also Known Stillson wrench or Stillsons (UK) is an adjustable wrench used for turning soft iron pipes and fittings with a rounded surface. The design of the adjustable jaw allows it to lock in the frame, such that any forward pressure on the handle tends to


pull the jaws tighter together. Teeth angled in the direction of turn dig into the soft pipe. Tagalog Term- Liyabe Tubo 222


Chisel- is a tool with a characteristically shaped cutting edge (such that wood chisels have lent part of their name to a particular grind) of blade on its end, for carving or cutting a hard material such as wood, stone, or metal by hand, struck with a mallet, or mechanical power. The handle and blade of some types of chisel are made of metal or of wood with a sharp edge in it. Tagalog Term- Pait 223

"Utilities" Telecommunication System

Coaxial Wall Outlet

224

"Utilities" Audio/ Visual System

HDMI- (High-Definition Multimedia Interface) is a proprietary audio/video interface for transferring uncompressed video data and compressed or uncompressed digital audio data from an HDMI-compliant source device, such as a display controller, to a compatible computer monitor, video projector, digital television, or digital audio device. HDMI is a digital replacement for analog video standards.


225

"Planning & Tropical Design" Sun Shade

Louver-Is a series of narrow openings framed at their longer edges with slanting, overlapping fins or slats, adjustable for admitting light and air while shutting out rain. Best Consideration in Philippine Tropical Design. Vertical Louvers- If the Building Facing at the West and East Side Horizontal Louvers If the Building facing at the South Example: This Building facing along Espana Road they use Vertical Louvers 226

"Building Technology" Door Harware

Door Lever Keyed Entry 227

"Lighting System & Building Laws"

Emergency Light- is a battery-backed lighting device that switches on automatically when a building experiences a power outage. Emergency lights are standard in new commercial and high occupancy residential buildings, such as college dormitories. Most building codes require that they be installed in older buildings as well. Required Lux: 10.7 Lux Required Lighting Period (Min.): 1.5 Hours 228


Hex Key: Also known Allen key or Allen wrench. Is a hexagonally shafted tool used to drive


bolts and screws with corresponding sockets in their heads. 229

"Building Technology" Materials & Estimate

Concrete Neutralizer Function: A superior conditioner to be mixed with water to neutralize lime activity in new interior and exterior masonry surfaces, thus, improving paint adhesion and durability. Commecial Size: Plastic gallon, quart and pint containers. Estimate Practical Coverage: 60-80m²/1 liter depending on porosity of the surface Tagalog Generic Term: Pang Lason sa concreto 230


Night Latch Type- Traditional Commonly use- Steel Gate 231


Safety Hasp & Staple

232


Door Chain Bolt Latch



Door Lock Installation Kit: Designed to drill clean and accurate holes in all entry door materials. Common Brand: 1.Eagle 2.Irwin 3.Dewalt 4.Ryobi 5.Milwaukee 234

"Building Technology" Consumable Materials

Paint Thinner & Lacquer Thinner Paint thinner is a solvent used to thin oilbased paints or clean up after their use. Commercially, solvents labeled "Paint Thinner" are usually mineral spirits having a flash point at about 40 °C (104 °F) Lacquer Thinner is usually a mixture of solvents able to dissolve a number of different resins or plastics. 235


Flourescent Lamps Starter Used in several types of flourescents lights the starter is there to help the lamp light when voltage is applied to the flourescent lamp. 236

"Building Technology" Cabinet Hardware

Drawer Slide Mounts Drawer mount type: 1.Side Mount Slides 2.Center Mount Slides 3. Under Mount Slides Commercial Size:


Slides most commonly come in size ranging from 10" to 28" Can be sold in Single, Pair or Sets with a slide attaching to Each side or Underside of the drawer 237

"Professional Practice" Building Testing and Commissioning Services

Equipment: Insulation Tester Megger Test : is a method of testing making use of an insulation resistance meter that will help to verify the condition of electrical insulation. This is certainly not a new test, and has been in use for a number of years. One of the reasons that it is still such a popular option is because it is nondestructive. The test does have a limit of between 500 and 1000 volts, so it may not always be able to detect some insulation punctures. It will usually show the amount of moisture, the leakage current no the moist or dirty areas of the insulation, and winding faults and deterioration. Actual Practice: Requirements for Certificate Electrical Inspection (CEI) 238

"History Of Architecture" Ancient Greek/Classical Architecture Orders

Doric & Ionic Orders Parts

239


Abrasive: is a material, often a mineral, that is used to shape or finish a workpiece through rubbing which leads to part of the workpiece being worn away by friction. While finishing a material often means polishing it to gain a smooth, reflective surface, the process can also involve roughening as in satin, matte or beaded


finishes. Uses: For Grinding, Polishing, Buffing, Honing, Cutting, Drilling, Sharpening, Lapping, and Sanding 240


Mallet: is a kind of hammer, often made of rubber or sometimes wood, that is smaller than a maul or beetle, and usually has a relatively large head. The term is descriptive of the overall size and proportions of the tool, and not the materials it may be made of, though most mallets have striking faces that are softer than steel. Mallet Different Types(Most Common): 1. Rubber Mallets 2.Wooden Mallets 3. Copper,Brass and Leaden Mallets Tagalog Term: Maso 241

"Building Technology" Consumables Material

Sealant: is a substance used to block the passage of fluids through the surface or joints or openings in materials, a type of mechanical seal. In building construction sealant is sometimes synonymous with caulking and also serve the purposes of blocking dust, sound and heat transmission. Sealants may be weak or strong, flexible or rigid, permanent or temporary. Sealants are not adhesives but some have adhesive qualities and are called adhesive-sealants or structural sealants. Different types of Sealant: 1.Acrylic Sealant 2. Weatherproofing Sealant 3.Neutral Silicone Selant 4. Acetic Silicone Sealant


5. Firestop Sealant 6. Sanitary Sealant 7. Modified Silicone Sealant 242


Screen Door Closer

243


Door Viewer 244


Ball-peen hammer- also known as a machinist's hammer, is a type of peening hammer used in metalworking. It is distinguished from a cross-peen hammer, diagonal-peen hammer, pointpeen hammer, or chisel-peen hammer by having a hemispherical head. It is commonly used as a tool for metalworking. 245


Door Guard

246

"Utilities" Electrical Conductor and Insulator Covers (46kV

"M4931 Conductor Cover & C4060046 Insulation Cover" These covers are made of high-dielectric polyethylene. The wax-like surface provides a natural self-cleaning action and resists the effects of greases and other


contaminants. The bright-orange color gives a visible warning to those who are working close to the equipment. Function: Conductor and insulator covers are designed to help protect the lineman while working close to energized conductors. They are rated phase-to-phase for voltages through 46kV and can be easily installed with a Grip-All clampstick. Characteristic: M4931: 1.Conductor Capacity through 1-3/4" Diameter 2.Overall Lenght: 5 feet 3.Weight: 4.2Kg C4060046: 1.Insulators through 10-1/2" diameter 2.Overall Lenght: 22" to 34" 3.Weight: 5Kg

247


Aviation snips- also known as compound snips Uses- are ideal for cutting aluminum and sheet metal. Their handles are color coded and it's not just for decoration. Here's how to choose the right snips for the job using the correct color designation. 1.Yellow handled snips are made to cut in a straight line. They can also cut wide


curves and are ideal for flat pieces of metal. 2. Green handled snips are designed to make straight and right (clockwise) cuts and are perfect for right handers cutting duct. 3. Red handled snips cut best straight and to the left (counter-clockwise). 248

"Building Technology" Shelving Hardware

Angle Bracket 249


Electrical Ballast- is a device intended to limit the amount of current in an electric circuit. A familiar and widely used example is the inductive ballast used in fluorescent lamps, to limit the current through the tube, which would otherwise rise to destructive levels due to the negative differential resistance artifact in the tube's voltage-current characteristic. Ballasts vary in design complexity. They can be as simple as a series resistor or inductor, capacitors, or a combination thereof or as complex as electronic ballasts used with fluorescent lamps and high-intensity discharge lamps. 250


Locknut & Bushing Function: Locknut - Zinc die-cast aluminum - Used to secure an ordinary nut from working loose by locking itself when screwed down tight - For rigid conduits Bushing - Zinc die-cast aluminum


- Used with locknuts to terminate RSC or IMC conduit to enclosure/box - Provides a smooth pulling surface 251

"Building Technology & Building Laws (BP344)"

Tactile Paving- also called truncated domes, detectable warnings, Tactile Ground Surface Indicators, detectable warning surfaces. Is a system of textured ground surface indicator found on footpaths, stairs and train station platforms to assist pedestrians who are blind or visually impaired. Example: Type: Blister Tactile Location: LRT 1 Roosevelt 252

Building Technology: Equipment

Sump Pump- is a pump used to remove water that has accumulated in a water collecting sump basin, commonly found in the basement of homes. The water may enter via the perimeter drains of a basement waterproofing system, funneling into the basin or because of rain or natural ground water, if the basement is below the water table level. Generally two types of sump pumps Pedestal Pump- the motor is mounted above the sump - where it is more easily serviced, but is also more conspicuous. The pump impeller is driven by a long, vertical extension shaft and the impeller is in a scroll housing in the base of the pump. Life Span: Pedestal sump pumps usually last longer (25 to 30 years) if they are installed properly and kept free of debris. Submersible Pump- is entirely mounted inside the sump, and is specially sealed to


prevent electrical short circuits. Life Span: Only last 5 to 15 years. They are more expensive to purchase but can take up debris without clogging.

253


Tek Screw- Are self tapping fasteners, have a very small carving at the end of its tip called a drill bit. Tex Screw also is Self Drilling product. Function: Use to screwing metal to metal or sometimes wood to metal Tek Screw common type: 1. Hex Head 2. Modified Truss 3. Flats Heads 254


Rust Converter: Are chemical solutions or primers that can be applied directly to an iron or iron alloy surface to convert iron oxides (rust) into a protective chemical barrier. These compounds interact with iron oxides, especially iron(III) oxide, converting them into an adherent black layer that is more resistant to moisture and protects the surface from further corrosion. They are sometimes referred to as "rust remover" or "rust killer".



Sanding Paper- are names used for a type of coated abrasive that consists of sheets of paper or cloth with abrasive material glued to one face. Function: Sandpaper is produced in a range of grit sizes and is used to remove material from surfaces, either to make them smoother (for example, in painting and wood finishing), to remove a layer of material (such as old paint), or sometimes to make the surface rougher (for example, as a preparation for gluing). Tagalog Term: LIHA 256


HLURB- Housing and Land Use Regulatory Board Function: Planning, Regulation and Adjudication. HLURB Board Approved the CLUP: Comprehensive Land Use Plan- also known as a general plan, master plan or land-use plan, is a document designed to guide the future actions of a community. It presents a vision for the future, with long-range goals and objectives for all activities that affect the local government. 257


HUDCC- Housing and Urban Development Coordinating Council Function: Under the immediate control and supervision of the President of the Philippines, is charged with main function of coordinating the activities of the government housing agencies to ensure the accomplishment of the National Shelter Program.


Chairperson: VICE PRESIDENT MARIA LEONOR G. ROBREDO 258


HOME GUARANTY CORPORATION (HGC) Function: Guarantees and Tax/ Fiscal Incentives 259


NHMFC- National Home Mortgage Finance Corporation Function: The major government home mortgage institution. Its initial main function is to operate a viable home mortgage market. 260


SHFC- Social Housing Finance Corporation Function: Mandated to undertake social housing programs that will cater to the formal and informal sectors in the low income bracket. 261


Acrylic Adhesive- The superior waterbased acrylic floor adhesive for resilient tiles and sheets, wood parquet, linoleum and carpets. Best installed on concrete, chipboard, hardboard, plywood, and other types of sub-floors. Brand: APO Floors



Trowels- Steel trowels are used to apply, spread, and smooth plaster. The shape and size of the trowel blade are determined by the purpose for which the tool is used and the manner of using it. Four common types of plastering trowels: 1. The rectangular trowel, with a blade approximately 4 1/2 inches wide by 11 inches long, serves as the principle conveyor and manipulator of plaster. Tagalog Term: Rodelang bakal 2. The pointing trowel, 2 inches wide and about 10 inches long, is used in places where the rectangular trowel doesn’t fit. 3.The margin trowel is a smaller trowel, similar to the pointing trowel, but with a square, rather than a pointed, end. 4. The angle trowel is used for finishing comer angles formed by adjoining rightangle plaster surfaces.



Locking pliers- Also known Mole grips (mole wrench) or vise-grips are pliers that can be locked into position, using an overcenter action. One side of the handle includes a bolt that is used to adjust the spacing of the jaws, the other side of the handle (especially in larger models) often includes a lever to push the two sides of the handles apart to unlock the pliers. "Mole" and "Vise-Grip" are trade names of different brands of locking pliers. Different Configuration: Needle-nose locking pliers, locking wrenches, locking clamps and various shapes to fix metal parts for welding. 264


Try Square- is a woodworking or a metalworking tool used for marking and measuring a piece of wood. The square refers to the tool's primary use of measuring the accuracy of a right angle (90 degrees); to try a surface is to check its straightness or correspondence to an adjoining surface. Tagalog term: Squala 265


Hand Scraper


"Utilities" Fire Detection and Alarm System

Smoke Detector A smoke detector is a device that senses smoke, typically as an indicator of fire. Commercial security devices issue a signal to a fire alarm control panel as part of a fire alarm system, while household smoke detectors, also known as smoke alarms, generally issue a local audible or visual alarm from the detector itself. Characteristic: Smoke detectors are housed in plastic enclosures, typically shaped like a disk about 150 millimetres (6 in) in diameter and 25 millimetres (1 in) thick, but shape and size vary. 267


LEED: Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design is one of the most popular green building certification programs used worldwide. Developed by the non-profit U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC) it includes a set of rating systems for the design, construction, operation, and maintenance of green buildings, homes, and neighborhoods that aims to help building owners and operators be environmentally responsible and use resources efficiently. Awardee: Zuellig Building, Makati - LEED Platinum 2013 Tera Tower, Pasig- LEED Gold 2016



Philippine Green Building Council (PHILGBC) Is a national non-stock, non-profit organization that promotes the sharing of knowledge on green practices to the property industry to ensure a sustainable environment. Building for Ecologically Responsive Design Excellence (BERDE) -Program was developed by PHILGBC as an appropriate response to the Philippine building industry’s need to proactively address the negative impacts of climate change in the property sector. BERDE Certification Net Lima Building, BGC Architect: Chad Oppenheim 269


Hacksaw- is a fine-toothed saw, originally and principally made for cutting metal. They can also cut various other materials, such as plastic and wood; for example, plumbers and electricians often cut plastic pipe and plastic conduit with them. Commercial Size: Blades are available in standardized lengths, 10 or 12 inches (254 or 305 mm) for a standard hand hacksaw. "Junior" hacksaws are 6 inches (152 mm) long. 270

"Building Technology" PPE Equipment

PPE- Personal protective equipment Safety Harnest- is a form of protective equipment designed to protect a person to injury or damage. The harness is an attachment between a stationary and non-stationary object and is usually fabricated from rope, cable or


webbing and locking hardware. 271


Rawl Eye Bolt 272


Tox w/ Metal Screw

273


Barrel Bolt- a rod-shaped bolt for fastening a door or the like, attached to one side of the door at the edge and sliding into a socket on the frame of the opening. Vernacular Term- Trankilya 274


Adjustable Wrench- Also known adjustable spanner (UK) is a wrench with a "jaw" of adjustable width, allowing it to be used with different sizes of fastener head (nut, bolt, etc.) rather than just one fastener, as with a conventional fixed spanner.



Telephone Crimping Pliers

276


ShovelIs a tool for digging, lifting, and moving bulk materials, such as soil, coal, gravel, snow, sand, or ore. Shovels are used extensively in agriculture, construction, and gardening. 277


Yuchengco Museum, RCBC Plaza courtyard Architect: Skidmore Owings & Merrill, W.V. Coscolluela & Associates 278

"Building Technology" Manpower

Tinsmith- Also known as a Whitesmith, Tinner, Tinker or Tin plate worker. A worker who makes or repair things of sheet metal Vernacular Term: Latero 279


Solar street light- are raised light sources which are powered by photovoltaic panels generally mounted on the lighting structure or integrated in the pole itself. The photovoltaic panels charge a rechargeable battery, which powers a fluorescent or LED lamp during the night. Advantages1.Solar street lights are independent of the utility grid. Hence, the operation costs are minimized.


2.Solar street lights require much less maintenance compared to conventional street lights. 3.Since external wires are eliminated, risk of accidents are minimized. 4.This is a non polluting source of electricity 5.Separate parts of solar system can be easily carried to the remote areas 6.It allows the saving of energy and also cost. Disadvantages: 1.Initial investment is higher compared to conventional street lights. 2.Risk of theft is higher as equipment costs are comparatively higher. 3.Snow or dust, combined with moisture can accumulate on horizontal PV-panels and reduce or even stop energy production. 4.Rechargeable batteries will need to be replaced several times over the lifetime of the fixtures adding to the total lifetime cost of the light. 280


Jigsaw- Is a power tool made up of an electric motor and a reciprocating saw blade. A jigsaw with a bevel function on the sole plate allows cutting angles of typically up to 45 degrees relative to the normal vertical stroke for cutting miter joints. Type of Blade Use: T-shank blades Controllability: The blades are small, weak and entirely unsupported at the lower end. Good cut control requires the presence of blade rollers, which keep the blade aligned just above the sole plate. Heavy cast sole plate saws are somewhat better than pressed steel for sawing line control too. To guide a


jigsaw on curved cut, it must be steered (turned) and not forced to move sideways. The usage of sharp blades is important also to get high quality cuts. 281


Door Stop- also door stopper, door stop or door wedge) Is an object or device used to hold a door open or closed, or to prevent a door from opening too widely. Alternatively, a doorstop can be a thin slat built inside a door frame to prevent a door from swinging through when closed. A doorstop (applied) may also be a small bracket or 90 degree piece of metal applied to the frame of a door to stop the door from swinging (bi-directional) and converting that door to a single direction (in-swing push or out-swing pull). 282


Foot Bolt- a bolt operated by foot pressure and attached to the bottom of a door to hold it in either open or closed position.



Adjustable Caliper- Also known Vernier Caliper an instrument for measuring thicknesses and internal or external diameters inaccessible to a scale. a caliper formed of two pieces sliding across one another, one having a graduated scale and the other a vernier.

284


Adaptor- is a device that converts attributes of one electrical device or system to those of an otherwise incompatible device or system. Some modify power or signal attributes, while others merely adapt the physical form of one electrical connector to another. 285


Concrete Vibrator- A concrete vibrator is a construction tool used on concrete pouring sites. A variety of manufacturers build these machines and an assortment of attachments designed for multiple applications. A vibrator is used to ensure that a pour is even and free of air bubbles so that the concrete will remain strong and have a smooth finish even afterthe formwork is removed. While not necessary for small jobs, this tool is essential on large load bearing projects.



Acrylic Emulsion is a water-based emulsion polymer paint that dries to a clear, glossy finish that protects painted exterior and interior walls. It is also used as a sealer on concrete plasters when applied as first coat. It can also be used as a protective coating for walls on engineered stones, bricks, washouts and newly painted surfaces. PRACTICAL COVERAGE: 20-25 square meter / 4 liters / coat 287


Straight Squeeze Type ConnectorAre used in dry locations to bond flexible metal conduits to boxes or enclosures. Rugged metallic construction maintains mechanical protection and solid grounding of the conduit to the designated electrical junction box or enclosure. Quick set screw squeezes tight on conduit 288


Spring Bolt



Pvc Flexible hose Commercial Size: Roll-100 meters per Roll Size- 3/4",1",1.5",& 2" Color- Color Orange Usually use in Electrical Wiring

290


Circuit Breaker- A miniature or molded case circuit breaker is an automatically operated electrical switch designed to protect an electrical circuit from damage caused by overcurrent or overload or short circuit. Its basic function is to interrupt current flow after protective relays detect a fault. Circuit breakers are made in varying sizes, from small devices that protect an individual household appliance up to large switchgear designed to protect high voltage circuits feeding an entire city. The generic function of a circuit breaker, RCD or a fuse, as an automatic means of removing power from a faulty system is often abbreviated to ADS (Automatic Disconnection of Supply). Type: Bolt On 291


Elevated/ Overhead Tank- Used in private system 30-35 feet Tank type Position: Saddle Minimum Water Supply: 150 Liters per capita per day. Level Type: Level 3 (Individual House Connection)



Pipe Union- is a type of fitting equipment designed in such a way to unite two pipes which can be detached without causing any deformation to the pipes. Any kind of small diameter piping connections requiring a positive seal and easy assembly as well as disassembly 293


Magnetic Door Holder

294


Door Bumper - Half Dome Style

295


Socket Wrench- Is a type of wrench or spanner that has a socket attached at one end, usually used to turn a fastener. The most prevalent form is the ratcheting socket wrench, often called a ratchet. A ratchet is a hand tool in which a metal handle is attached to a ratcheting mechanism, which attaches to a socket, which in turn fits onto a type of bolt or nut. Type of Socket:


Deep Socket Shallow Socket 296

"Building Technology" Equipment /Tools

"Building Technology" Equipment /Tools Plunge Router- is a tool used to rout out (hollow out) an area in the face of a relatively hard workpiece, typically of wood or plastic. The main application of routers is in woodworking, especially cabinetry. The router is most commonly used as a plunging tool and also inverted in a router table. 297


Hole Saw- also known as a hole cutter Is a saw blade of annular (ring) shape, whose annular kerf creates a hole in the workpiece without having to cut up the core material. It is used in a drill. Hole saws typically have a pilot drill bit at their center to keep the saw teeth from walking. The fact that a hole saw creates the hole without needing to cut up the core often makes it preferable to twist drills or spade drills for relatively large holes (especially those larger than 25 millimetres (1.0 inch)). The same hole can be made faster and using less power. 298

"Design, Building Laws (PD1096 & BP344) & Professional Practice"

"Araneta Center Bus Terminal" Transportation Facilities Architect Minimum Basic Fee Simple Type(Group 3) Old SPP 8% MBF- 60% for Architect, 40% for Engineers New SPP 7% MBF- 60% for Architect, 40% for Engineers. Classification: Under Division E-1


Zoining: UTS (Utilities,Transportation and Services) Space Requirements for a Bus Terminal: 1. Bus Platform Loading area and Driveway 2. Public Seating/ Passenger Waiting Area 3. Ticketing Facilities 4.Baggage Room 5.Dispatch Office 6. Admin Office 7. Public Amenities 8. Parking Area Type of Bus Terminal: Inter-City Bus Terminal Parking Requirements: 1 Car slot for every 500m2 of GFA Bus Parking Slot Dimensions: 3.6 x 12 Meters Min. This type of Platform loading: Straight Sawtooth Loading. Requirements for Public Transportation (BP344) 1. Regular Buses - 5 Seats for Disabled 2. Air Conditioned Buses/ First Class- 4 Seats for Disabled 299


Trellis (architecture) Is an architectural structure, usually made from an open framework or lattice of interwoven or intersecting pieces of wood, bamboo or metal that is normally made to support and display climbing plants, especially shrubs.



Sensor Flush Valve Specification: Recessed duct type flush valve which automatically flushes the Urinal after every use. The flush valve is within the service duct. Mains powered but stepped down to 12 volts DC for safety. 301


Air Curtain- Also known as Air Door Is a device used to prevent air or contaminants from moving from one open space to another. The most common use is a downward-facing blower fan mounted over an entrance to a building, or an opening between two spaces conditioned at different temperatures. 302


GRG Fully Perforated Ceiling Tiles Technical Specifications: Materials: Glass Reinforced Gypsum Size: 595mm X 595mm Thickness: 12mm Surface: Moisture Resistant Paint Light Reflectance: 0.85 - 0.90 (Certified) This Example at the Gateway Cubao 303


Freight Elevator- Also known service elevator, cargo elevator, or goods lift in the United Kingdom. Freight elevators are generally required to display a written notice in the car that the use by passengers is prohibited (though not necessarily illegal), though certain


freight elevators allow dual use through the use of an inconspicuous riser. Freight elevators are typically larger and capable of carrying heavier loads than a passenger elevator, generally from 2,300 to 4,500 kg. Type of Flooring: Diamond Plate- Also known as checker plate, tread plate.The added texture reduces the risk of slipping. Manufacturer: Otis Elevator Company Otis is the world's leading elevator manufacturer. Otis Hydraulic elevators have been performance proven in thousands of installations around the world. The complete line of Freight elevators have been pre-engineered and manufactured for Otis to meet our exacting standards and ensure our customers of consistent, high quality installations. Otis offers two configuration options in each of the standard duties: 6000, 10000, and 12000 pounds. This Example taken at Sta. Ana Hospital 304

"Building Technology & Building Laws (PD1096)

Sky Lights- Are light transmitting fenestration (elements filling building envelope openings) forming all, or a portion of, the roof of a building's space for daylighting purposes. PD1096 Rules: 1. All Skylights shall be constructed with Metal Frames Except for Group A & J Occupanies. 2. All SkyLights The Glass of which set at an Angle of Less than 45 deg. from Horizontal.


3.Spacing between supports in one direction not exceed 625mm. 4. Corrugated wired Glass may have supports 1.50meters apart forn in the direction of the corrugation. 5, All glass in Skylight be Wired Glass. 305


Spray Gun- a device resembling a gun that is used to spray a liquid such as paint or pesticide under pressure. Construction: (Painting) We use this in Duco Finish with collaboration of Air Compressor

306


Socket wrench- Also known as Ratchet A socket wrench is a type of wrench or spanner that has a socket attached at one end, usually used to turn a fastener. A ratchet is a hand tool in which a metal handle is attached to a ratcheting mechanism, which attaches to a socket, which in turn fits onto a type of bolt or nut. 307


Fiberglass mesh- Also known wire mesh tape In Construction: (Painting Works) Wire mesh tape use frequently in Drywall finishers. it is common to replace the paper tape used to float the joint between two pieces of drywall. The mesh that drywall finishers use comes


on a roll just like paper drywall tape. The added benefit for the drywall finisher is to roll out the mesh over a great distance before having to apply the first coat of joint compound. Drywall finishers also use this tape to patch holes. 308


Nipple (plumbing) A nipple is a fitting, consisting of a short piece of pipe, usually provided with a male pipe thread at each end, for connecting two other fittings. Types: 1. Open/ Shoulder Nipple- Threaded at the end of the pipe. 2. Closed Nipple- Fully Threaded 309


Metal Spreader Function: For Body fillers and spot putty. application. 310


Deadlock- Kind of Lock has a key cylinder on both the inside and outside. The lock can either be surface- or morticemounted. A mortice is simply a cavity or recess cut into the edge of the door in which the locking mechanism is located. Usually Use: Deadlocks, dead bolts and dead latches are commonly used on the main exterior doors.


311

"History of Architecture, Professional Practice, Design"

"Quezon City Hall" (History of Architecture) Architecture Style- Federal Style/ NeoClassical Architect- Ruperto Gaite (Professional Practice) Moderate Type/ Group 2 OLD SPP 7% MBF, 60% Architects/ 40% Engineers NEW SPP 6% MBF, 60% Architects/ 40% Engineers (Design) Rule VII Occupancy Classification: Division C-1Government Centers Zoining: General Institutions (GI) General Spaces in the Building: 312


San Agustin Church (Intramuros Manila) Architecutre Style: Baroque Architect: Juan Macías *Clasified as World Heritage Site * Oldest Church in the Philippines 313


Lung Center of the Philippines Architect: Jorge Y. Ramos 314

"History of Architecture" Baroque Architecture

San Agustin Church (Intramuros Manila) Interior View


315


Toggle bolt- also known as a butterfly anchor Is a fastener for hanging things on hollow walls, such as drywall. Toggle bolts have wings that open inside a hollow wall, bracing against it to hold the fastener securely. The wings are much larger than the bolt they are attached to. This spreads the weight of the secured item over a larger area, increasing the weight that can be secured compared to a regular bolt. 316


Lag Shield Anchor- are designed for anchoring into concrete, brick and block. Lag Screws are used to expand the Lag Shield Anchor against the concrete, brick or block.

317


Hollow Wall Anchor- is an all metal, light duty, cavity fixing for plasterboard and other hollow wall materials up to 38mm.

318


Galvanized Iron Wire Description:


Type: Hot Dipped Galvanized wire and Electro Galvanized Wire Wire Diameter: 0.6mm to 4.5mm Product Purchase: Kilos Use: Binding wire in the Construction Industry. Also as material of Wire mesh 319


BDO Corporate Center North & South Twin Tower (Bel Air, Makati City) Architecture Style: Skyscraper Architect: Leandro Locsin *3rd National Artist for Architecture History of the Building: The PCIBank (Philippine Commercial International Bank) is the Original/ 1st owner of this building. 320

"Building Laws" (PD1067) Water Code of the Philippines, Architect Minimum Basic Fee & Design Rule 7 & 8

Patar Beach (Bolinaw, Pangasinan) Professional Practice: Resort Complexes OLD SPP 8% MBF- 60% Architects, 40% Engineers. NEW SPP 7% MBF- 60% Architects, 40% Engineers. PD 1067 (Water Code of the Philippines) Easement: For Agricultural Areas 20 meters per side of water way. Design Rule 7 & 8 Zoining: PUD- Planned Unit Development


at a Coastal Area 321


Finishing Sanders- is a power tool used to smooth surfaces by abrasion with sandpaper. Sanders have a means to attach the sandpaper and a mechanism to move it rapidly contained within a housing with means to hand-hold it or fix it to a workbench. Woodworking sanders are usually powered electrically, and those used in auto-body repair work by compressed air. 322


Jet Pump:-is a type of impeller-diffuser pump that is used to draw water from wells into residences. It can be used for both shallow (25 feet or less) and deep wells (up to about 200 feet.) 323

"Utilities" Telecommunication System

Splitter- is a device that divides a telephone signal into two or more signals, each carrying a selected frequency range, and can also reassemble signals from multiple signal sources into a single signal. 324


Vinyl Tiles: is a finished flooring material used primarily in commercial and institutional applications. Economical Use: Modern vinyl floor tile is frequently chosen for high-traffic areas because of its low cost, durability, and ease of maintenance. Vinyl tiles have high resilience to abrasion and impact damage and can be repeatedly refinished with chemical strippers and mechanical buffing equipment.


Usual Commercial Size & Packaging" 1. 12" x 12" Thk. 1.3mm(Common)- 60pcs per Box. 2. 4" x 38" Thk. 1.3mm (Common)-43pcs per Box. 325

"Building Technology" Floor System

Floor Expansion Joint Cover (EJC) - For Interior or Exterior application that is designed to smoothly blend into any surface providing an aesthetic apperance. Beveled edges and serrated plates provide traction for pedestrian safety. Key Specification: 1.Floor to Floor 2. Joint Width 1" to 4" 3. Optional Fire Rated 4. Optional Vapor Barrier 326

"Building Technology" Cabinet Hardware

Double Roller Catches- Use to keeping your cabinet doors closed. The smooth roller allows the pin to fit snugly holding everything securely.

327


Keyed Window Lock 328

"Building Laws (BP344), Professional Practice,& Building Technology"

Lrt 2 Train Station/ Transportation Facilities Architect Minimum Basic Fee


OLD SPP 8% MBF- 60% Architect/ 40% Engineers NEW SPP 7% MBF- 60% Architect/ 40% Engineers BP344 (Accessibility Law) Seating Capacity for Disabled Persons Passenger Train- 6 Seats per Car nearest to the Door Kind of Roof Frame: Space frame or space structure is a trusslike, lightweight rigid structure constructed from interlocking struts in a geometric pattern. Space frames can be used to span large areas with few interior supports. Like the truss, a space frame is strong because of the inherent rigidity of the triangle; flexing loads (bending moments) are transmitted as tension and compression loads along the length of each strut. 329

"Utilities" Pllumbing

Bidet


"History of Architecture & Building Technology"

Ramon Magsaysay Center (Roxas Boulevard,Manila) Designed By: Structure was designed by Alfredo J. Luz Consultation with: Italian-American designer Pietro Belluchi of Boston and Alfred Yee associates of Honolulu, a pioneer in forecast and prestressed concrete structures. Architectural Style: Minimalist style Structural Design: There were twelve travertine-clad that reinforced concrete columns like tree trunks which flare out to support the massive block of multi-story office spaces. The main support of the building is the cast-in-place concrete shear wall sore over deeply embedded concrete piles. Interior Function & Design: Introduced the column-free concept and the use of movable partitions. Also used materials that are fire-resistant for the gypsum boards and metal runners of the dividing walls of the interior for additional safety purposes. Exterior Facade Design: It was clad with travertine marble slabs embedded to the frame of the building. These types of materials require minimal maintenance but still gives an elegant view of the building. 331

"History of Architecture, Building Technology & Design"

Philippine General Hospital (PGH) Architect: William E. Parsons Architecture Style: Neo-classic style Master planning of the PGH renovation project:


Architect: J. Ramos Construction Design: (Materials) The Building Include the Cornerstone design Cornerstone also known as foundation stone. concept is derived from the first stone set in the construction of a masonry foundation, important since all other stones will be set in reference to this stone, thus determining the position of the entire structure. Design: Rule 7 & 8 Occupancy Classifications: Group D Zoning Classifications: General Institutional (GI) Tertiary state-owned hospital administered and operated by the University of the Philippines Manila. Tertiary referral hospital(Level 3 Hospital)is a hospital that provides tertiary care, which is health care from specialists in a large hospital after referral from primary care and secondary care. 332


Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas Architect: Gabriel Formoso 333


World Trade Center Metro Manila (WTCMM) Architect/ Designer: M. Arthur Gensler Jr. & Associates


"History of Architecture, Professional Practice, Building Laws, Design Rule 7&8"

Mall of Asia Arena History of Architecture Architect: Arquitectonica Professional Practice Stadia- Exceptional Type (Group 3) OLD SPP-8% MBF, 60% Architect, 40% Engineers. NEW SPP-7% MBF, 60% Architect, 40% Engineers Design Rule 7 &8 1.Mall of Asia Arena is an indoor arena within the SM Mall of Asia complex, in Pasay 2. Seating Capacity-Seated: 15,000, Full house: 20,000 Occupancy Classifications: Group IOccupant Load 1000 or more, Division I-1 Zoning Classification: For Building Reference: Cultural (CUL) For Site Reference: Planned Unit Development (PUD) at a reclamation area Parking Space Requirements: 1 car slot for every 50sqm of spectator area 1 jeepney slot for every 50sqm of spectator 1 bus parking slot for every 200 spectators area General Design Requirements: Min. Occupant Load- Unit area per occupant: PD1096 & RA 9514- 0.65sqm per occupant Min. Number of Exits: PD1096 & RA 9514- 1000 or more occupants must 4 Exits Min.


Spacing of Seats Min. PD1096- 840mm RA9514-830mm Aisle Slope Max. PD 1096:1:8 RA 9514: 12.5% Plumbing Code of the Philippines (RA1378) Assembly (Public Use) Water Closet Male- 1:1-100pax 2: 101-200pax 3: 201- 400pax Female- 3:1-50pax 4:51-100pax 8:101-200pax 11:201-400pax Over 400 add 1 fixtures for each add. 500 males and 2 for each 300 females Urinals: 1:1-100pax 2:101-200pax 3:201-400pax 4:401-600pax Over 600 add. 1 fixture for each add, 50 males Lavatories: 1:1-200pax Both Male & Female 2:201-400pax 3:401-750pax Over 750 add 1 fixture for each add. 500 pax both 335


Architectural Style: Modern Romanesque Architect: The present Modern Romanesque church is the third to be built on the same site. It was designed by Architect César Concio.


Construction Time History: It took six years to build because most of the money came from small donations.(1953-1958) 336


Paco Railway Station Architect- William E. Parsons Architectural Style: Early Beaux Arts Architecture Beaux-Arts architecture- Expresses the academic neoclassical architectural style. Beaux-Arts architecture depended on sculptural decoration along conservative modern lines, employing French and Italian Baroque and Rococo formulas combined with an impressionistic finish and realism. 337


Silo- Is a structure for storing bulk materials. Commonly Used: Used for bulk storage of grain, coal, cement, carbon black, woodchips, food products and sawdust. Type of Silos: Cement storage silos- There are different types of cement silos such as the low-level mobile silo and the static upright cement silo, which are used to hold and discharge cement and other powder materials such as PFA (Pulverised Fuel Ash). The lowlevel silos are fully mobile with capacities from 10 to 75 tons. This allows any quantity of cement or powder discharged from the silo to be controlled and also provides an accurate indication of what remains inside the silo. The static upright silos have capacities from 20 to 80 tons. These are considered a


low-maintenance option for the storage of cement or other powders. Cement can be stored in different types of Silos like Horizontal Mobile Silos, Concrete Silos, Steel Panel Silos etc. depending upon the requirement of the end user. 338


Conrad Hotel Manila Architect: Wow Architect 339

"Building Technology & Building Laws (RA9514)"

Turnstile- Also called a baffle gate or turnstyle. Function: Is a form of gate which allows one person to pass at a time. It can also be made so as to enforce one-way traffic of people, and in additionIt can restrict passage only to people who insert a coin, a ticket, a pass, or similar. Application: Turnstiles are used at a wide variety of settings, including stadiums, amusement parks, mass transit stations, office lobbies, airports, ski resorts, and casinos. RA9514- Fire Code of the Philippines 1. Approved Turnstiles not over 91cm may be used in any occupancy where revolving doors are permitted. 2. Over 91 cm shall be subject to the requirements for revolving doors. 3. Immediately adjacent or within 6.1m of a swinging door or gate opening freely in the direction of exit travels. This example taken at Fitness First at TwoE-com Prism Plaza


"History of Architecture, Professional Practice, Building Laws, Design Rule 7&8"

TwoE-com Prism Plaza, SM Mall of Asia History of Architecture: Architect/ Designed: Foreign Architect: Arquitectonica Local Architect: FS Lim & Associates *SM’s Two E-Com named best office dev’t in Philippines by (Philippine Daily Inquirer / 12:47 AM May 23, 2012)

Professional Practice: Architect Minimum Basic fee Moderate/ (Group 2)-Office Building/Mixed Use Building OLD SPP- 7% MBF 60% Architect, 40% Engineers NEW SPP- 6% MBF 60% Architect, 40% Engineers. Design Rule 7 & 8: E-Com Center, a 15-level twin tower developed by SM Land in the Mall of Asia complex in Pasay City, was cited as the Best Office Development in the Philippines in the 2012 Asia Pacific Property Awards. Occupancy Classification: Group E, Division E-2 Zoning Classification: For Building Reference- C-2 For Site Reference- PUD- Planned Unit Development at a Reclamation Area General Design Requirements: Occupant Load: 9.3sqm (PD1096&RA9514) Fire Sprinkler System- All Business occupancy buildings 15 meters or more in height shall be provided with a sprinkler system


Office Building Type: Mid Rise Office- 6 to 15 Level Structure Office Planning: 1. Management- Isolated from general office traffic and casual interruptions 2.Finance- Accounting Dept.,Purchasing Dept., Personnel Dept. and Data Processing. 3. Sales- All purpose room, Trainings,Meetings, Conference and Demonstrations. 4. General Services- Central Files,Library, Mail handling and General Communications 5. Technical Services- Located near the activites they assist (Production, Sales and etc) 6. Production- Usually in second office 7. Service Area- Mechanical & Electrical and Etc. Building Laws (RA 1378) Plumbing Code of the Philippines Office building Water Closet Male: 1:1-100pax 2. 101-200pax 3: 201-400pax Female: 1:1-200pax 2:201-400pax 3: 401-750pax Lavatories: Male/Female 1:1-200pax 2:201-400pax 3: 401-750pax Urinals:1:1-100pax 2:101-200pax 3:201-400pax 4:401-600pax



WheelBarrow- is a small hand-propelled vehicle, usually with just one wheel, designed to be pushed and guided by a single person using two handles at the rear, or by a sail to push the ancient wheelbarrow by wind. The term "wheelbarrow" is made of two words: "wheel" and "barrow." "Barrow" is a derivation of the Old English "bearwe" which was a device used for carrying loads. The wheelbarrow is designed to distribute the weight of its load between the wheel and the operator so enabling the convenient carriage of heavier and bulkier loads than would be possible were the weight carried entirely by the operator. Typical Capacity: Approximately 100 liters (4 cubic feet) of material. 342

"Building Technology" Table Accessories

Groumet 343


Evaporative cooler- Also swamp cooler, desert cooler and wet air cooler. Is a device that cools air through the evaporation of water. Evaporative cooling differs from typical air conditioning systems which use vapor-compression or absorption refrigeration cycles. Evaporative cooling works by exploiting water's large enthalpy of vaporization. The temperature of dry air can be dropped significantly through the phase transition of liquid water to water vapor (evaporation), which can cool air using much less energy than refrigeration. In extremely dry climates, evaporative cooling of air has the added benefit of conditioning the air with more moisture for


the comfort of building occupants. 344

"Building Technology" Glass Type

Smoked glass- Is a flat sheet of glass held in the smoke of a candle flame (or other inefficiently burning hydrocarbon) such that one surface of the sheet of glass is covered in a layer of smoke residue. Smoked glass is glass manufactured with darkening materials incorporated, such that light passing through the glass is decreased in brightness. It can be used aesthetically, for example, in the manufacture of coffee tables with smoked glass tops. It can also be used in scientific instruments as a filter, as in the use of smoked glass in cross-staves and sextants, allowing operators to make sun sightings without damaging their eyesight. 345


Grease trap- also known as grease interceptor, grease recovery device and grease converter. Is a plumbing device designed to intercept most greases and solids before they enter a wastewater disposal system. Common wastewater contains small amounts of oils which enter into septic tanks and treatment facilities to form a floating scum layer. This scum layer is very slowly digested and broken down by microorganisms in the anaerobic digestion process.



Fan Coil Unit (FCU)- is a simple device consisting of a heating and/or cooling heat exchanger or 'coil' and fan. It is part of an Heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system found in residential, commercial, and industrial buildings. A fan coil unit is a diverse device sometimes using ductwork, and is used to control the temperature in the space where it is installed, or serve multiple spaces. It is controlled either by a manual on/off switch or by a thermostat, which controls the throughput of water to the heat exchanger using a control valve and/or the fan speed. 347


Concrete Buckets- Is a specialized container attached to a machine, as compared to a bucket adapted to the form of a human being. It is a bulk material handling component. Function: It helps to deliver concrete on a specific site of a building by the means of a tower crane. They have a bottom opening to allow concrete to flow out of the bucket when in-place. 348


Wire Brush- Also known as Steel Brush Is a tool, consisting of a handle, usually wood or plastic, and a brush. The brush is usually made from a large number of steel wire bristles. The steel used is generally a high carbon variety and very hard. Other wire brushes feature bristles made from brass or stainless steel, depending on application. Function: Used for cleaning rust and removing paint.


349


Suspended scaffolds (Gondola): Are platforms suspended by ropes, or other non-rigid means, from an overhead structure. Supported scaffolds consist of one or more platforms supported by outrigger beams, brackets, poles, legs, uprights, posts, frames, or similar rigid support. Type of Suspended Scaffolds: TWO-point (swing stage): Platform supported by hangers (stirrups) suspended by two ropes from overhead supports and equipped with a means to permit the platform to be raised and lowered. 350


Curb Cut-Outs 1. Curb cut-outs should only be allowed when it will not obstruct a walkway or in any way lessen the width of a walkway. 2. The minimum width of a curb cut out should be 0.90m. 3. Curb cut-outs should not have a gradient not more than 1:12. Best example of Curb Cut-Outs with Handrail :D Bihira lang to buti nahanap ko hehehe 351


Rag- A piece of cloth used for cleaning, washing, or dusting. Vernacular Term- Estopa


352


Ballcock- Also known as also balltap or float valve Is a mechanism or machine for filling water tanks, such as those found in flush toilets, while avoiding overflow and (in the event of low water pressure) backflow. It consists of a valve connected to a hollow sealed float by means of a lever, mounted near the top of the tank. The float is often ball-shaped, hence the name ballcock. The valve is connected to the incoming water supply, and is opened and closed by the lever which has the float mounted on the end. When the water level rises, the float rises with it; once it rises to a pre-set level, the mechanism forces the lever to close the valve and shut off the water flow. This is an example of negative feedback and of proportional control. 353


Kitchen Sink Strainer Basket

354

"Professional Practice,Design Rule 7 & 8 & Building Technology"

PLDT Building & Tower, Espana Manila Professional Practice: Architect Minimum Basic Fee Exceptional (Group 3) Telecom Building OLD SPP- 8% MBF Architect 60%,


Engineers 40% NEW SPP- 7% MBF Architect 60%, Engineers 40% Design Rule 7 & 8 Occupancy Clasiffication PLDT Building: Division E-2 (Business & Mercantile) PLDT Tower: Division J-2 (Accessory) Zoning Classification PLDT Building: C-2 Parking Requirements: Office Building- 1 slot/ 125m2 of Gloss Floor Area. Office Building Types: Mid-Rise Office- 6 to 15 level structure Occupant Load: 9.3sqm per person Building Technology: Radio masts and towers Radio masts and towers- Are, typically, tall structures designed to support antennas (also known as aerials) for telecommunications and broadcasting, including television. Reinforced Concrete Towers-(PLDT Tower) Are relatively expensive to build but provide a high degree of mechanical rigidity in strong winds. This can be important when antennas with narrow beamwidths are used, such as those used for microwave point-to-point links, and when the structure is to be occupied by people.



Ceramic Tile- Is made up of sand, natural products, and clays and once it has been moulded into shape they are then fired in a kiln. When making ceramic tiles they can either be glazed or unglazed, but the majority of homeowners have glazed ceramic tiles in their home. Benifit of Ceramic Tiles: 1. Durability2. Resistances 3. Color Permanence 4. Hygienic For Estimate (Packaging) Reference:Mariwasa Brand 1. 20cm x 20cm- 25pcs per Box/Carton 2. 30cm x 30cm- 11pcs per Box/Carton 3. 30cm x 60cm- 6pcs per Box/Carton 4. 40cm x 40cm- 9pcs per Box/Carton 5. 50cm x 50cm- 5pcs per Box/Carton 6. 60cm x 60cm- 4pcs per Box/ Carton 356


Gypsum board- is often called drywall, wallboard, or plasterboard. It differs from other panel-type building products, such as plywood, hardboard, and fiberboard, because of its noncombustible core and paper facers. When joints and fastener heads are covered with a joint compound system, gypsum wall board creates a continuous surface suitable for most types of interior decoration. Advantages of Gypsum Board Construction: 1.Ease of installation 2.Fire resistance 3.Sound isolation


4.Durability 5.Economy 6.Versatility ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) C1396, C36 -Standard Specification for Gypsum Board Commercial Size (Common) 1.2m x 2.4m (4' x 8') Thickness- 1/4", 5/16", 3/8", 1/2", 5/8", 3/4" and 1" 357


Wood Air Ventilation Grilles This type of air vent usually seen at Eave Ceiling

358


Sheet Vinyl Flooring is manufactured as one solid, continuous piece of Flooring that comes in a large roll, which can allow for a seamless installation depending on the size of your room. The benefit is you’ll have modern flooring that looks like real wood or tile, without joints or spaces that could trap moisture or soil. Many customers prefer Vinyl Sheet Flooring because it is budget-friendly, moisture resistant, low maintenance, plus it has antimicrobial protection to inhibit the growth of bacteria. And, with so many styles to choose from, there are options to complement almost any décor. Sheet Vinyl Considerations: *Sheet Vinyl Flooring has a 5-ply double


encapsulated construction that provides durable, cost-effective, high-resolution Hardwood and Stone visuals. This Flooring also has moisture-resistant properties that help it to withstand humidity. Its layers include: 1. First Layer- This is a top urethane layer that helps resist scuffs, scrapes, and stains and allows for easy cleaning and maintenance. 2. Texture Layer: This gives the look and feel of real stone or wood with exceptional clarity. 3.Foam Layer: This layer provides additional resilience and also helps the Flooring resist “telegraphing” or indentations. 4.Fiberglass Layer: This layer helps ensure the flooring will not contract, expand, crack or curl. It lends the Flooring its strength and durability. 5.Comfort Layer: This layer provides soft cushioning support, helps reduce traffic noise and provides a comfortable walking surface. Actual Consideration: By LG Hausys (NatureLife): is a durable, true-to-life heterogeneous commercial sheet flooring able to withstand heavy traffic, making it the perfect floor for hospital and healthcare settings as well as hospitality and government facilities. Commercial Size/ Estimate Dimensions: 1.5mm(T) x 2.0m (W) x 25m (L) per roll


Building Technology" Materials & Estimate

Tile Adhesive- Is a thin-bed tile bonding material engineered for fixing ceramic floor and wall tiles to rendered concrete surfaces. This cement-based tile bonding adhesive (TBA) can be used for interior and exterior applications. How to use: Mixing: Pour a predetermined quantity of Eurotiles Superior Tile Adhesive into a clean receptacle or pail. Add a clean tap water (approximately ¼ liter of water for every kg. of adhesive), mix until smooth paste is achieved free of lumps. Let stand for about 10 minutes and mix again before use. The mixture must be used within 3-4 hours. Technical Data/ Estimate Consumption:Approximately 3-4 kg/m2 (5mm) Mixing Ratio:Approximately 25 kg: 6 ¼ L Pot Life: 3-4 hours Application Time:<15 minutes Application Temperature:10°C to 38°C Open to Traffic:24 hours Curing Time:28 days Strength of Adhesion:12-14 kgf/cm2 (28 days) Shelf Life:12 months (if stored in cool dry place) 360


Bench Grinder- Is a type of benchtop grinding machine used to drive abrasive wheels. A pedestal grinder is a larger version of a bench grinder that is mounted on a pedestal, which is bolted to the floor. Used/ Function: These types of grinders are commonly


used to hand grind cutting tools and perform other rough grinding. Depending on the grade of the grinding wheel it may be used for sharpening cutting tools such as lathe tools or drill bits. Alternatively it may be used to roughly shape metal prior to welding or fitting. 361


Digital Door Lock- Yale digital door locks bring you keyless convenience to unlock your door. Choose from the latest in digital door locking technology - fingerprint, smart card or keypad - to open your door. Each offers an immediate door opening solution and adds simplicity to your lifestyle. In addition to this, we have also put a lot of effort in the aesthetic design of these products, so that your Yale Digital Door lock can actually enhance the appearance of your door while securing it at the same time. Ang mahal pala nito kasing presyo ng Laptop baka ito unang manakaw heheheh 362

"Building Technology" PEE (Personal Protective Equipment)

Hard Hat- is a type of helmet predominantly used in workplace environments such as industrial or construction sites to protect the head from injury due to falling objects, impact with other objects, debris, rain, and electric shock. Suspension bands inside the helmet spreads the helmet's weight and the force of any impact over the top of the head. A suspension also provides space of approximately 30 mm (1.2 inch) between the helmet's shell and the wearer's head, so that if an object strikes the shell, the impact is less likely to be transmitted


directly to the skull. Some helmet shells have a mid-line reinforcement ridge to improve impact resistance. Colors and Identification: Hard hat colors can signify different roles on construction sites. White: Architect, Engineers, Managers, Foremen or Supervisors. Brown Fiberglass: Welders and other workers for high heat applications. Green: Safety Inspector Yellow: General laborers Blue: Carpenters, Technical advisers Orange: Road crews, new employees or visitors. For Identification: (Sticker) Supervisors often are not familiar with all workers on a construction site. Often, stickers, labels and markers are used to mark hard hats so that important information can be shared. ANSI( American National Standard Institute) Type of Hard Hat: Class E (Electrical) hard hats provide the highest level of protection against electrical hazards, with high-voltage shock and burn protection (up to 20,000 volts). They also provide protection from impact and penetration hazards by flying/falling objects. Class G (General) hard hats provide impact and penetration resistance


along with limited voltage protection (up to 2,200 volts). Class C (Conductive) hard hats provide lightweight comfort and impact protection but offer no protection from electrical hazards. 363


Plywood-Is a sheet material manufactured from thin layers or "plies" of wood veneer that are glued together with adjacent layers having their wood grain rotated up to 90 degrees to one another. All plywoods bind resin and wood fibre sheets (cellulose cells are long, strong and thin) to form a composite material. This alternation of the grain is called crossgraining and has several important benefits: it reduces the tendency of wood to split when nailed at the edges; it reduces expansion and shrinkage, providing improved dimensional stability; and it makes the strength of the panel consistent across all directions. Standard Size: 1220mm x 2440mm (4' x 8') Standard Thk.: 3/16", 1/8", 1/4", 3/8", 1/2", 3/4", 1" Type of Plywood:Common 1.Ordinary Plywood 2. Phenolic Plywood*Identification of Phenolic Plywood with Film Coating usual color is Black 3. Marine Plywood- Waterproofed * Identification of Marine Plywood by Sticker,Tag ,Seal or Darker Color 4.Fancy Plywood- Narra Bookmatched, Kalantas Rotary Cut, Tanguile RibbonGrained, Lauan Rotary Cut and Dao Bookmatched.


Application: For Wall, Flooring and Ceiling For Interior and Exterior Use (Marine Plywood) Known Supplier/ Distributor/Vendor: SANTA CLARA MARINE PLYWOOD 364

"Building Technology" Paint Finishes

Transparent Finishing Materials Wood Stains- Consists of a colorant suspended or dissolved in an agent or solvent. The suspension agent can be water, alcohol, petroleum distillate, or the actual finishing agent. Colored or 'stained' finishes, like polyurethane, do not penetrate the pores of the wood to any significant degree and will disappear when the finish itself deteriorates or is removed intentionally. Types of Wood Stains: Oil Stains- Pigment are derived from various earth clays. After they dissolved in linseed oil, the coloring particles remain suspended between the oil molecules. Water Stains- Made from Anilyne Dyes and mineral extracts which have dissolved in hot water. Spirit Stians (Alcohol)- These are mixed with alcohol-solution anilyne poweders and warmed alcohol. 365

"Utilities & Design Consideration" Mechanical

Generator: Is a Device/ Machine that converts mechanical energy to electrical energy for use in an external circuit. Sources of mechanical energy include steam turbines, gas turbines, water turbines, internal combustion engines and


even hand cranks. Electromagnetic generators fall into one of two broad categories, dynamos and alternators: 1. Alternating Current Generators- The bulk of electrical energy utilized today is in form of alternating current, including energy for power and lighting. 2. Direct Current Generators- these furnish electrical energy for elevators. escalator, intercommunicating, telephone system, control signal system, and clock system. Special Generator: Silent generator set are product that the low noise power station is suitable for the place where the noise level is limited.The silent diesel generator's noise level is lower than 70db,it has the features of strong mobility,adaptability and operation. *Cummins silent generator set and perkins silent diesel generator are the world famous products. Design Consideration: Can be use in Hospital, Church, Shooting Movie/ Occasional Program in some residential/ public place that the noise level is limited or not permitted. 366


Conduit Outlet Bodies: Series 5 die cast copper-free aluminum conduit bodies, covers and gaskets are available for use with Rigid or EMT conduit (with set screw) Conduit bodies are available in trade sizes 1/2"–4", in the most popular conduit body shapes (C, LB, LL, LR, T) and 1/2" –2" in TB and X shapes.


Technical Specs. 1.Material:Copper-free aluminum 2.Cover Styles:Aluminum, with or without integral gasket 3.Gaskets: Integral gasket on cover or solid neoprene 367


G.T International Tower, Makati (2002) Architectural Style: Skyscraper Architects: Local Architectural firms: GF & Partners Architects and Gozar Planners Philippines International Architectural firm: Kohn Pedersen Fox Associates The building has 47 floors above ground, and 5 basement levels for parking. 368


Makati Medical Center Architect: Luis Ma. G. Araneta 369


RCBC Plaza Yuchengco Tower, Makati (2001) Architectural Style: Skyscraper Architects: International Architectural firm: Skidmore, Owings & Merrill, LLP. Local Architectural firm W.V. Coscolluela & Associates. Floors: Tower 1: 46 aboveground, 7 belowground Tower 2: 41 aboveground, 7 belowground


"History of Architecture, Professional Practice, Building Laws, Design Rule 7 & 8"

The Gramercy Residences History of Architecture: Architectural Style: Skyscraper Architects: Foreign Architectural Firm: Californiabased architectural group Jerde Partnership International, Philippine Architectural firm: Roger Villarosa Architects & Associates. Professional Practice: Moderate/ Group 2- Residential Condominium OLD SPP: 7% MBF ARCHITECT 60%, EngineerS 40% NEW SPP: 6% MBF ARCHITECT 60%, EngineerS 40% Design Rule 7 & 8 Brief History: The Gramercy Residences at Century City, is a residential high-rise condominium in Makati, Philippines. As of 2016, it is the second tallest building in the Philippines. *Tallest Residential Building in the Country (Philippines) Floor Count: 73 floors Occupancy Classification: Group B Zoning Classification: R-5 High Rise Building: 16 to more levels Minimum Setback: Front: 6 meters Side and Rear: 3 meters *Mixed Use Building/Structures in R-5 lots shall be considered a commercial use or occupancy if a substantial percentage,i.e., 55% of the Gross Floor Area (GFA) is commercial.


Firewall Provisions: For 2 Sides Fire Wall- Side shall not exceed 75% of side property line: Total shall not exceed 50% of perimeter For One side & Rear- Side shall not exceed 65% of side property line; rear side shall not exceed 50% of rear property line; Total shall not exceed 60% of Perimeter. Unit Area per occupant (Dwellings): 28sqm/ Occupant Number of Exits: Every storey with an occupant load of 500999 must have 3 Exits Min. 1000 or More Occupant load at least 4 Exits (Min) Parking Requirements: Multi- Family Living Units up to 50sqm: 1 Slot/ 8 Units Multi- Family Living Units 50m2 to 100m2: 1 Slot/ 4 Units Multi- Family Living Units regardless of No. stories average more than 100m2: 1 Slot/ 1 Unit 371

"Building Laws" BP344

Central Refuge (Crossing) Central refuges have atleast 1.50 meters depth and preferably 2 meters, provided as a mid-crossing shelter. Carriageway width to be crossed exceeds 10 meters. Slower person negotiating a crossing a walking speed of 0.90 meter/ second. rather that 1.20meter/ second should be considered a minimum crossing period of 6.0 seconds.


Medyo accurate to sakto nahanap ko hahah nice planning nakakaganang tumawid sa tamang tawiran 372

"Building Laws" BP344

Walkways Minimum Width: 1.20 meters Maximum Gradient: 1:20 or 5% Maximum Cross Gradient of 1:100 Rest top or Turning Space(Wheelchair): 1.5 meters Maximum distance between stops: 12 meters Walkway Headroom (Clear): 2 meters To Guide the Blind: 1.Planting shrubs ensure branches not overhang in walkways/ paths. 2. Walkways should as much as possible follow straight forward routes with right angles (90deg.) 373


Adjustable Clevis Hangers Characteristic & Function Size Range: 1/2" through 30" Material: Carbon steel Finish: Plain, 8" & Smaller: Zinc Plated (Hot-Dip Galvanized optional), 10" & Larger: Hot-Dip Galvanized with Zinc Plated Bolts & Nuts, or Primed, also available in Plastic or Epoxy Coated. Service: Recommended for the suspension of stationary pipe lines. Installation: Hanger load nut above clevis must be tightened securely to assure proper hanger performance.


Adjustment: Vertical adjustment without removing pipe may be made from 3/8" through 5-1/8", varying with the size of clevis. Tighten upper nut after adjustment. 374


The Meralco Building , a.k.a. Lopez Building Architect: Jose Maria Zaragosa *5th National Artist for Architecture Building Technology: Meralco building is a well-known elegant architectural piece that masterfully used the 1960s brise soleil, having the most prominent feature of tapering mullions that defined the facade. Brise soleil-Is an architectural feature of a building that reduces heat gain within that building by deflecting sunlight. Brise-soleils can comprise a variety of permanent sun-shading structures, ranging from the simple patterned concrete walls popularized by Le Corbusier 375


The Meralco Building , a.k.a. Lopez Building Architect: Jose Maria Zaragosa *5th National Artist for Architecture Building Technology: Meralco building is a well-known elegant architectural piece that masterfully used the 1960s brise soleil, having the most prominent feature of tapering mullions that defined the facade.


Brise soleil-Is an architectural feature of a building that reduces heat gain within that building by deflecting sunlight. Brise-soleils can comprise a variety of permanent sun-shading structures, ranging from the simple patterned concrete walls popularized by Le Corbusier 376


Araneta Coliseum Architect: Dominador Lacson Lugtu the Coliseum received international recognition and was recognized as the largest covered coliseum in the world from (1960 to 1963). 377

"Building Technology" Glass Door Hardware

Patch Fittings yung malaki angle patch tawag 378


Contact Cement- Also known as contact adhesive Is a neoprene rubber adhesive that creates a fast, flexible, permanent bond. It can be used for almost anything but is especially useful for nonporous materials that other adhesives can't glue together. Contact cement works best on plastics, veneers, rubber, glass, metal and leather. 379

"Building Technology & Estimate"

Steel Bars or Rods- Reinforcement for concrete construction is mostly in the form of steel bars and rods of round or square cross section.


The Bars may be plain or defermed. Bar Diameter ASTM 10mm Dia = #3 12mm Dia = #5 16mm Dia = #6 Commercial Length: 6m,7.5m,9m,10.5m and 12 meters Estimate: Formula: 7850 x π 3.1416 (D)2 X LENGTH/ 4 X PCS Sample Problem Compute the total weight of 25 pcs 10mm diameter. Available Commercial length of rebars is 6 meters =7850 x 3.1416 (10)2 x 6 meters / 4 = 7850 x 3.1416x100x 6 meters/ 4 = 3.699 x 25 pcs Rebars = 92.48 kg 380


Concrete Hollow Block (CHB) Concrete Block is a hollow masonry unit, with two or three cells or cores, made of the following ingredients: Portlang cement, water and various types of aggregates such as sand, gravel and crushed stone Types of Concrete Block: 1. Stretchers 2.Headers 3.Corner Blocks 4.Jamb Blocks Number of Holes: 3 by NSCP ASTM C331- Defines the Aggregates used in concrete masonry units. Standard Size: Common THK: 4" (100mm), 6" (150mm) and 8"


(200mm) HEIGHT: 8" (200mm) LENGTH: 16" (400mm) Estimate: CHB-12.5 pcs per sqm Sample Problem: Compute the number of CHB needed in 30sqm Firewall. Use 8" CHB =30sqm. Firewall X 12.5 pcs per sqm = 375pcs CHB + 10 pcs = 385pcs *Always allot allowance for contingency 381

"Utilities" Air Conditioning system & Estimate

FCU (Fan Coil Unit) Floor Mount Inverter type Fan Coil Unit Operation types: Inverter- An air conditioner inverter is used to control the speed of the compressor motor to drive variable refrigerant flow in an air conditioning system to regulate the conditioned-space temperature. Types of Cooling Capacity Tonner(TR) 1TR=12,000BTU/HR Horsepower(HP) 1HP= 74Watts Estimate & Formula To get capacity required in room by HP: HP= Area(m2) x 600/ 9000 To get capacity required in room by TR: TR= Area (m2) x 600/ 12000 Sample Problem:


1. Get the ACU HP capacity required for a 150sqm Conference Room with ceiling height of 3 meters? HP= 150sqm x 600 / 9000 HP= 90,000 / 9000 HP = 10 2. How many TR is required for a 1250sqm Auditorium, with ceiling height 4.5 meters TR= 1250sqm x 600 / 12000 TR= 750,000/ 12000 TR= 62.5 382


Lumber- Is wood that has been processed into beams and planks, a stage in the process of wood production. Lumber may also refer to currently un-needed furniture, as in Lumber room, or an awkward gait, ultimately derived from the look of unfashionable and unwanted furniture. Four available Classification of Lumber: 1.Strips: Lumber less than 2" thk and less than 8" wide 2.Board Lumber: Pieces less than 2" thk and less than 8" wide 3. Dimension Lumber: Pieces more than 2" and less than 5" in any dimension. 4. Timbers: Pieces 5" or more on the smalles dimension. Seasoning of Lumber: Air-Drying- In which the lumber is exposed to the air Kiln Drying- In which warm moist air or superheated steam is used to heat the wood and drive out moisture. Available KD in market is S4S S4S- stands for "surfaced on 4 sides" meaning that the material is finished on all


four sides. Formula: Board Feet= Thickness(In) X Width (In) x Length (Ft)/ 12 Estimate: Sample Problem: Estimate the board foot of wall frame 10 feet x 20 feet Partition wall. Use 2 x 2 lumber. for vertical frame space at 2 feet and for horizontal frame space at 2 feet? Solution: First get the number of Slat: Length of wall (20 feet= 6meters) =20' / 2' =10 + 1= 11 slat (Always add 1pc) Height of wall (10 feet= 3 meters) = 10'/2' =5 + 1= 6slat (Always add 1pc) Then you can get now the Board Feet: Horizontal Slat: BF= 2"x2"x10'/12 x 6pcs BF= 40/12x 6pcs BF=3.33 x 6pcs BF= 20 Vertical Slat: BF=2"x2"x20'/12x 11pcs BF= 80/12x11pcs BF= 6.66 x 11pcs BF=73.26 Total Board Foot needed= 93.26 383

"Building Technology" Material- Wood Preservatives

Solignum is wood preservative that provides sure protection against termites (anay), woodborers (bukbok) and fungi (amag). Solignum has been Tried, Tested and Trusted in the Philippines for over 50


years now and is registered under Fertilizer and Pesticide Authority (FPA). Solignum is available in 2 variants: Solignum Colourless and Solignum Brown Brand Name/ Distributor: Jardine Distribution Inc( No.1 known brand) Variant: Colourless, Brown Packaging: 1 Liter Can and 1 Gallon Can Standard Stocking Unit: 1 carton x 12 @ 1 liter cans 1 carton x 4 gallon cans Application: 3 Coats Solignum Brown: No need to paint Solignum Colourless: Need to paint Solignum Colourless Az Aerosol: Ready to use, No need to use Brush or Baby Roller

384


San Miguel Corporation Headquarters, Mandaluyong The Building was also Called "The Battlestar Galactica" Architect: Mañosa Brothers (Manuel, Francisco, and Jose) Francisco Mañosa is an architect renowned for using native and indigenous materials like nipa and bamboo in contemporary architecture design. Landscape:


*Ar. Ildefonso P. Santos, Jr.- 4th National Artist for Architecture.(Landscape) 385


PBCom Tower, Makati Architectural Style: Skyscaper Architect: International Architects: Skidmore, Owings & Merrill,(OSM) Local Architecture firm: GF & Partners Architects * Tallest Building in the Philippines since 2000. Floor count: 52 aboveground, 7 belowground Height: Antenna spire:259 m (849.7 ft) Roof: 241 m (790.7 ft) 386


The Peninsula Manila, Makati city Architect: Gabriel Formoso Brief History: The Peninsula Manila is a 5-star hotel in the Philippines. It is located on the corner of Ayala Avenue and Makati Avenue in the Makati Central Business District. It is located also in Barangay Urdaneta. This hotel is part of The Peninsula Hotels chain based in Hong Kong and is the first hotel of that chain outside of the Chinese territory.



BDO Corporate Center, Ortigas Architectural Style: Skyscaper Architect • Design Arquitectonica • Architect of Record: FSL & Associates, Co. LEED: Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design: BDO Corporate Center classified as LEED Gold 388


Rufino Pacific Tower Architectural Style: Skyscaper Architect: Adrian Wilson (Rufino Tower) Architect: Juan Felipe De Jesus Nakpil (Rufino Building) *Rufino Pacific Tower is the tallest SteelFrame building in the Philippines Floor Count: 41 Height Antenna spire: 200 m (656.17 ft) Roof: 161 m (528.22 ft) 389

"Professional Practice & Design Rule 7 & 8"

LANDERS (Supermarket) Otis, Manila Professional Practice: Architect Minimum Basic Fee Moderate/ Group 2 OLD SPP- 7% MBF- 60% ARCHITECT, 40% EngineerS NEW SPP-6% MBF- 60% ARCHITECT, 40% EngineerS Group 6 (Repetitive)


- Re-Used Design and Contract document for similar buildings without amending the drawing and specification. OLD SPP 1st Structure- 100% of MBF 2nd Structure- 80% of MBF 3rd Structure- 60% of MBF Suceeding Structure- 40% of MBF NEW SPP 1st Structure- 100% of MBF 2nd Structure- 50% of MBF 3rd Structure- 40% of MBF Suceeding Structure- 30% of MBF Design Rule 7 & 8 Occupancy Classification: Division E-2 Zoning Clasification: C-1 Supermarket- is a market distinct from a wet and dry market and larger than grocery in which shoppers serve themselves by using baskets or pushcarts in selecting commodities from shelves or cold display storage and pay thier purchase at the exit. Store Size and Area Allocation Free Standing supermarkets usually have an average area: 2,000 to 3,000sqm. Store Area: 75% to 80% allocated Service Area: 20% to 25% allocated 50% for total equipment and fixtures investment: meat section, dairy produce, frozen food, delicacies and storage coolers 50% for- Grocery Items and Mini Stores like Food chain, Pharmacy, Glassware etc. Space Requirements: Sufficient floor space: 1sqm per costomer Ceiling Height:


Min. 3 meters over 400sqm- 3.3 metes Min. above 1,500- 3.5 meters Min. Required Lighting Intersity: 215.2 Lux Aisle & Shelving Aisle Min Width: 1.5 meters Back to back shelves: 1.2 meters Displayed good should not exceed: 1.8 meters and lower than .30 meter from the floor. Cashier Counter: up to 400sqm- 2-3 counter 500-799 sqm-3-4 counter 800-899 sqm- 4-5 counter 1000-1499sqm- 6-7 counter Parking Requirements: 1 parking slot/ 100sqm of supermarket area Professional Practice Sample problem: 1. Compute the Architect Basic Minimum Fee of Landers supermarket. The total Construction Cost is 10,500,000.00? For OLD SPP computation: 10,500,000.00 x 7%= 735,000.00 for Architect: 60% x 735,000.00=441,000.00 for Engineers: 40% x 735,000.00= 294,000.00 For NEW SPP: 10,500,000.00 x 6%= 630,000.00 MBF for Architect: 60% x 630,000.00= 378,000.00 for Engineers: 40% x 630,000.00= 252,000.00 Problem #2 The Owner of Landers Supermarket decided to build another branch same


Design, Contract Documents and Specification somewhere in Mandaluyong City, Quezon City, Pasig City and Makati City. Compute the MBF each project use the New SPP computation? 1. Mandaluyong City (1st Project) 630,000.00 x 100% of Basic fee= 630,000.00 2. Quezon City (2nd Project) 630,000.00 x 50% of Basic fee = 315,000.00 3. Pasig City (3rd Project) 630,000.00 x 40% of Basic fee= 252,000.00 4. Makati City (4th Project) 630,000.00 x 30% of Basic fee= 189,000.00 * For succeeding project same computation in 4th project 390


Museum of Natural History (Manila) Architectural Style: Neoclassical Design & Construction Architect: Antonio Toledo Renovating Firm: Dominic Galicia Architects Brief History: Former Names: Agriculture and Commerce Building (1940) Department of Tourism Building Conversion to the Museum of Natural History: The National Museum of the Philippines invited five architects to submit proposals for the retrofiting and chose design of the team from Dominic Galicia Architects and interior designer Tina Periquet. Galicia's


design involved the maintenance of the building's facade except for the addition of a glass domed supported by a double helix structure which was inspired from DNA. The dome and supporting structure was dubbed as the "Tree of Life" and will cover the courtyard of the six-storey building 391


Burj Khalifa, Dubai Architectural Style: Neo-futurism Architect: Adrian Smith and SOM *It is the tallest structure in the world, standing at 829.8 m (2,722 ft). Design & Construction: Building Materials: Glass, Steel, Aluminium, Reinforced concrete The design of Burj Khalifa is derived from patterning systems embodied in Islamic architecture, incorporating cultural and historical elements particular to the region, such as in the Great Mosque of Samarra. The Y-shaped plan is designed for residential and hotel usage. A buttressed core structural system is used to support the height of the building, and the cladding system is designed to withstand Dubai's summer temperatures. 392


Tower One & Exchange Plaza Architectural Style: Skyscraper Architect: International Architectural Firm: Skidmore, Owings and Merrill, LLP Architect on Record: Leandro V. Locsin & Partners


Floor Count: 35 above ground 393


NBI Nat’l. Bureau of Investigation , Taft Ave.

Architect: Otillo Arellano *Otilio Arellano is the son of Arcadio Arellano and the nephew of Juan Arellano 394


Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Masjid: Also known as the Grand Mosque of Cotobato Architectural type: Mosque Architect: Designed by: A Christian Architects *the Largest mosque in the Philippines. Specification: Capacity 15,000 Minaret height 43 m (141 ft) Minaret- is a distinctive architectural structure akin to a tower and typically found adjacent to mosques. Generally a tall spire with a conical or onion-shaped crown, usually either free-standing or taller than associated support structure. The basic form of a minaret includes a base, shaft, and gallery. 395

"History of Architecture" Pre Historic Architecture

Stonehenge- is a prehistoric monument in Wiltshire, England, 2 miles (3 km) west of Amesbury and 8 miles (13 km) north of Salisbury. Stonehenge's ring of standing stones are set within earthworks in the middle of the most dense complex of Neolithic and


Bronze Age monuments in England, including several hundred burial mounds. *The world and the best-known prehistoric monument in Europe. Chromlech- Circular Arrangements of Megaliths Megalith- is a large stone that has been used to construct a structure or monument, either alone or together with other stones. Menhir- is a large upright standing stone. Dolmen- is a type of single-chamber megalithic tomb, usually consisting of two or more vertical megaliths supporting a large flat horizontal capstone, although there are also more complex variants. Monolith- is a geological feature consisting of a single massive stone or rock, such as some mountains, or a single large piece of rock placed as, or within, a monument or building. Stone Circle- is a monument of standing stones arranged in a circle or ellipse. 396

"History of Architecture & Professional Practice"

UAP- United Architects of the Philippines, Brief History: The United Architects of the Philippines (UAP) was born on December 12, 1974 out of the noble vision of unifying the three (3) existing architectural associations at that time - the Philippines Institute of Architects (PIA), the League of Philippine Architects (LPA) and the Association of Philippine Government Architects (APGA). Through the concerted efforts of the officers and members of the three


organizations, the vision officially materialized on March 26, 1975, where the UAP was registered with the Philippines' Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). On May 12, 1975, the UAP was granted Certificate No. 001, the first professional organization to be accredited by the Professional Regulation Commission (PRC). The United Architects of the Philippines is the Integrated and Accredited Professional Organization of Architects (IAPOA) in the Philippines. UAP is registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) as a nonstock, non-profit organization International Affiliations: 1.International Union of Architects (UIA) 2.Architects Regional Council for Asia (ARCASIA) 3.Eastern Regional Organization for Planning and Human Settlements (EAROPH) 4.APEC Architect Central Monitoring Council 5.ASEAN Architect 1st UAP Chapter President: NORBERTO M. NUKE, FUAP(1975) UAP National President: 1st UAP National President: JOSE V. HERRERA,FUAP(1976) Immediate Past National President: Ar. MARIA BENITA OCHOA REGALA,FUAP,AA UAP National President 2016-2017 Ar. GUILLERMO H. HISANCHA, FUAP,AA,APEC AR



Binondo Church Architectural Style: Baroque Architecture Architect: Domingo de la Cruz González (Early Architect) Brief History: The original structure of the Binondo Church, formally known as Our Lady of the Most Holy Rosary Parish or the Minor Basilica and the National Shrine of San Lorenzo Ruis, was constructed in 1956, Founded by the Dominican Friars, it is one of the oldest places of Christian worship i n the Philippines. Heavily damaged during the Second World War, the Binondo church was reconstructed in three phases and completed in 1984. A new three-story parish center and convent was added at the back of the church.. Baroque Architecture: Is a term used to describe the building style of the Baroque era, begun in late sixteenth century Italy, that took the Roman vocabulary of Renaissance architecture and used it in a new rhetorical and theatrical fashion, often to express the triumph of the Catholic Church and the absolutist state. It was characterized by new explorations of form, light and shadow and dramatic intensity.



Binondo Church (InteriorView) Architectural Style: Baroque Architecture The most striking feature of the rebuilt interior is the more marble and gilded reredos depicting the façade of St. Peter’s Basilica in Rome. Reredos: A reredos or raredos is a large altarpiece, a screen, or decoration placed behind the altar in a church. It often includes religious images. A reredos can be made of stone, wood, metal, ivory, or a combination of materials. The images may be painted, carved, gilded, composed of mosaics, and/or embedded with niches for statues. Sometimes a tapestry is used, or other fabric such as silk or velvet. 399

"History of Architecture & Structural Conceptualization"

Eiffel Tower, Paris France Designer: Gustave Eiffel, Architect/ Engineer Architect: Stephen Sauvestre Structural Engineer: Maurice Koechlin & Émile Nouguier Height: Tip: 324 metres (1,063 ft) tall Architectural: 300 m (984 ft) The tallest structure in Paris, The secondtallest structure in France Structural Conceptualization/ Building Technology: Eiffel Tower: is a wrought iron lattice tower. "a great pylon, consisting of four lattice


girders standing apart at the base and coming together at the top, joined together by metal trusses at regular intervals" Eiffel Tower is named after the engineer Gustave Eiffel. "I ought to be jealous of the tower. She is more famous than I am." - Gustave Eiffel Eiffel Tower is a SHE? 400


Mobile Placing Boom & Concrete pump truck The type of concrete pump is attached to a truck or longer units are on semi-trailers. It is known as a boom concrete pump because it uses a remote-controlled articulating robotic arm (called a boom) to place concrete accurately. Boom pumps are used on most of the larger construction projects as they are capable of pumping at very high volumes and because of the labour saving nature of the placing boom. They are a revolutionary alternative to line-concrete pumps. Mobile placing boom is featured by “z” type three folding arms, 360° rotation. It can pitch, extend and fold. Within the scope of boom length, our mobile placing boom can achieve full range of threedimensional space pouring without dead band. Daswell mobile placing boom can easily realize the pouring of wall, pipe, pile and column, etc. It is fully hydraulic. Our mobile placing boom adopts button control with easy operation and stable movement.



Manila Doctor’s Hospital , U.N. Ave.

Architect: Luis Maria Zaragosa Araneta

402


The Leaning Tower of Pisa, Italy Architectural Style: Romanesque Architect: Bonanno Pisano Specification: Height: 55.86 metres (183.3 ft) Materials in Construction: Marble & Stone Brief History: The Leaning Tower of Pisa is the campanile, or freestanding bell tower, of the cathedral of the Italian city of Pisa, known worldwide for its Unintended Tilt. Construction: Leaning Tower of Pisa and Cathedral was designed as a circular bell tower that would stand 185 feet high. It is constructed of white marble. The tower has eight stories, including the chamber for the bells. The bottom story consists of 15 marble arches. Each of the next six stories contains 30 arches that surround the tower. The Leaning Tower of Pisa was declared a Unesco World Heritage Site (1987)



F & C tower (Formerly Picache Building), Quiapo Manila Architectural Style: International Style Architect: Angel Nakpil * 1st Highrise Building in the Philippines Angel Nakpil: Is Havard trained Filipino Architect 404


Gyeongbokgung, South Korea The Main royal palace of the Joseon Dynasty. The largest of the five grand palace built by the joseon dynasty. Gyeongbokgung served as the home of the kings of the Joseon dynasty. As well as the government of Joseon. 405

"History of Architecture" Japanese Architecture

Shitennō-ji, Osaka Japan Shitennō-ji- Is a Buddhist temple in Ōsaka, Japan. It is sometimes regarded as the first Buddhist and oldest officially administered temple in Japan.

The garan consists of a five-story pagoda, a main Golden Pavilion Japanese Pagodas: -Square Plan -Mostly 5 Storey, 45m Height -Virtually suspendedaround a central timber, stable against earthquake shocks



Sagrada Família, (Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain) Architectural style: Modernisme Main Architect: Antoni Gaudi Current Chief Architect: Jordi Fauli Sagrada Família- Is a large Roman Catholic church in Barcelona, designed by Catalan Spanish architect Antoni Gaudí (1852 – 1926). Gaudí's work on the building is part of a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Design style: The style of la Sagrada Família is variously likened to Spanish Late Gothic, Catalan Modernism and to Art Nouveau or Catalan Noucentisme. While the Sagrada Família falls within the Art Nouveau period. Spires: Gaudí's original design calls for a total of eighteen (18) spires, representing in ascending order of height the Twelve (12) Apostles Facade: The Church will have three grand façades: the Nativity façade to the East, the Passion façade to the West, and the Glory façade to the South. Interior: The church plan is that of a Latin cross with five aisles. The central nave vaults reach forty-five metres (150 ft) while the side nave vaults reach thirty metres (100 ft). The transept has three aisles. The columns are on a 7.5 metre (25 ft) grid. 407

"History of Architecutre"

Quiapo Church, Manila Architectural Style: Baraque Architecture


Architect: Juan Nakpil- Rebuild the Church Expansion and Recognition as Minor Basilica Architect: José Ma. Zaragoza Brief History: The Franciscan missionaries built the first church of Quiapo with Bamboo and Nipa materials but it was burned in 1639 and was rebuilt with a stronger edifice. 408

"Building Technology" Bricks works

Flemish Bond Consists of alternate headers and stretchers in each course. 409

"Building Technology" Types of Pavers

Interlocking Pavers Pavers- Small and Independent, withstand abuse flexing, rather than cracking, under pressure. The individual pavers absorb heating and movement. 410

"Tropical & Sustainable Design" Green Wall

Green Creeper Plants Climbers and creepers is a group of plants or vines that grow vertically. Used: Can be used to provide masses of foliage so are useful to cover walls, trees or a fence. Climbers and creepers can also provide great privacy but they do need a bit of attention and care.


"Building Technology" Type of Pavers

Permeable Pavers Brand Name or Trademark: Tuftstone/ Turfblock Pavers 412


Louvre Museum, Paris, France Louvre Museum is the world's largest museum and a historic monument in Paris, France. The Louvre is the world's second most visited museum after the Palace Museum in China. The museum is housed in the Louvre Palace, originally built as a fortress in the late 12th century under Philip II. Remnants of the fortress are visible in the basement of the museum. Grand Louvre Pyramids: Architectural Style: Neo Modernism Architect I. M. Pei- (Leoh Ming Pei) was awarded the project and proposed a glass pyramid to stand over a new entrance in the main court. 413


Turning Torso, Sweden Architectural Style: Neo-Futurism Architect: Santiago Calatrava The tallest building in Scandinavia. The project was designed by Spanish architect, structural engineer, sculptor and painter Santiago Calatrava and officially opened on 27 August 2005.


Structural Design: The Building design is a solid immobile building constructed in nine segments of five-story pentagons that twist relative to each other as it rises; the topmost segment is twisted 90 degrees clockwise with respect to the ground floor. Technical Details: Floor Count: 54 Floors 414


Petronas Towers, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Architectural Style: Postmodern Architect: César Pelli The Petronas Towers, also known as the Petronas Twin Towers. *The tallest buildings in the world from 1998 to 2004 and remain the tallest twin towers in the world. Height: Architectural: 452 m (1,483 ft) Floor Count: 88 (+5 below ground) 415


Sydney Opera House, Sydney, Australia Architectural Style: Expressionist Architect: Jorn Utzon The Sydney Opera House is a multi-venue performing arts centre in Sydney, Australia. It is one of the 20th century's most famous and distinctive buildings.. Design Concept:: A modern expressionist design, with a series of large precast concrete "shells" Structural system: Concrete frame & precast concrete ribbed roof.


The building's exterior is largely clad with aggregate panels composed of pink granite quarried at Tarana. 416


Marina Bay Sands, Singapore Architect: Moshe Safdie Marina Bay Sands is an integrated resort fronting Marina Bay in Singapore. Marina Bay Sands has three 55-story hotel towers. The three towers stand as individual modules, but are unified at Level 23, and again at the top of the towers by the SkyPark cantilever sitting 200 meters above the city. If that sounds awesome, then consider the area of the SkyPark . The SkyPark has the world's longest elevated swimming pool with a 146-metre (478 ft) vanishing edge, 191 metres above ground. Design: Inspired by card decks 417


Burj Al Arab, Dubai, UAE Architectural Style: High-tech Designer: Structural Engineer: WS Atkins & Partners Architect: Tom Wright Concept: Tom Wright design of the hotel reflects the seafaring heritage of Dubai, resembling the spinnaker sail of a J class yacht.


Structural: The structure of this masterpiece of architecture is made up of steel profiles and ensures its stability both for its triangular shape in plan and for the triangulation of their facades. World's tallest building with membrane facade Technical Details: Floor count: 56 (3 below ground) 418


Araneta Underpass, Quezon Ave Type of Column: Pier Column Pier is usually used as a general term for any type of substructure located between horizontal spans and foundations. However, from time to time, it is also used particularly for a solid wall in order to distinguish it from columns or bents. A pier that consists of multiple columns is often called a bent. 419


Learning Hub (The Hive), Singapore Architect: Heatherwick Studio's Lead Architect- local architects CPG consultants on the project. Learning Hub, a new multi-use building for Singapore's NTU university, responds to the transforming role of the university campus in the 21st century. The Learning Hub embraces this shift, recognising the most important asset of the campus in the information age - social space.


The design challenges traditional university environments of 'miles of corridors linking box-like lecture rooms' which can be socially isolating, individualistic learning environments. Constructions & Materials The structural columns have been treated with a distinct undulating texture and the facade with a horizontal striped pattern. The custom treatment of the concrete adds a layer of tactility to the project, the entire building appearing to be 'handmade from wet clay'. 420


Philippine Arena, Bocaue, Bulacan Architect: Populous (Global megaarchitecture firm) Construction Management: Korean firm, Hanwha Engineering and Construction. The Philippine Arena is the world’s largest mixed-use indoor theatre.

Building Details: Concept: The initial design concept of the Philippine arena is inspired by Narra tree, The roof was inspired by that of a Nipa Hut. The arena has 4 floors or levels. Maximum capacity of 55,000 people,



Notre-Dame Cathedral, Paris, France Architectural Style: Gothic Architecture Is a medieval Catholic cathedral. The cathedral is widely considered to be one of the finest examples of French Gothic architecture, and is among the largest and most well-known church buildings in the world. The Notre-Dame de Paris was among the first buildings in the world to use the flying buttress. Why they use Flying Buttress: (Support for the Vault) The building was not originally designed to include the flying buttresses around the choir and nave but after the construction began, the thinner walls grew ever higher and stress fractures began to occur as the walls pushed outward. In response, the cathedral's architects built supports around the outside walls, and later additions continued the pattern. 422


22 Hectare Tutuban Station, Divisoria Architect: William Vargas Coscolluela



Pacific Plaza Condominium , Makati Architectural Style: Skyscaper Architect: Recio+Casas Architects The 45-storey luxury residential condominium was completed in 1990, offering units at 285 square meters each – the biggest units at that time. It has since become a benchmark of today’s high -rise living standards and is one of the tallest residential buildings in the country. Construction: The Pacific Plaza also boasts of being the first in the Philippines to use the highest strength of concrete to compensate for its height. The building also utilized rose-colored reflective glass which gives it a distinctive look. 424


Quezon Memorial Circle Architect: Master Plan: Francisco Manosa Quezon Memorial Shrine: Federico Ilustre Architectural Themed: Art Deco Style Three mourning angels holding sampaguita: Sculptor: Francesco Monti Technical Details: Shrine height: The 66-metre (217 ft)



Simala Church, Sibonga Cebu Brief History: The Simala Shrine is like a castle from afar, that’s what I described this awesome and miraculous place. The European Cathedral design from the south of Cebu become popular and travelers and tourists droves to Simala Shrine in Lindogon, Sibong to witness how wonderful the architectural structure of this miraculous church and also pray their concerns in life give thanks for their blessings. 426


Dubai Mall, UAE Architect: DP Architects Pte Ltd. The Dubai Mall- is a shopping mall in Dubai and the largest mall in the world by total area. World records and achievements: 1.Largest mall in the world with total area 1,124,000 m² 2.Worlds fifteenth largest mall with Gross Leasable Area (GLA) 350,000 m² 3.World’s largest acrylic panel (Aquarium) inside Dubai Mall. 427


Sto. Nino de Mactan Church, Cebu Architect: Jose Mari Canizares


"Professional Practice, Design Rule 7 & 8 & Planning"

Veranda Residences, Townhouse Professional Practice: Architect Minimum Basic Fee Residential/ Group 4 SPP OLD&NEW = 10% MBF, Architect 60%, Engineers 40% Design Rule 7 & 8 Townhouse: a usually single-family house of two or sometimes three stories that is usually connected to a similar house by a common sidewall. And have parking space within the lot. Row House: Dwelling Unit Containing 3 or more living units designed in such a way that they abut each other and are separated from each other by Firewalls. Occupancy Classification: Group B Zoning Classification: R-4 Fire Wall Provision: For R-4 Two sides Fire wall- Side shall not exceed 85% of side property line Total shall not exceed 50% of perimeter. Minimum Setback: Front: 4.50 meters Side & Rear: 2.0 meters Building Height Limit- R-4 Number of Floors= 3 floors Max/ 10 meters Dwelling Location and Lot Occupancy: Inside Lot- Not more than 80% Corner Lot- Not more thant 90% Minimum Exits: 2 each unit Parking Space- R-4 Occupancies


Unit with 50sqm GFA- Min 1 parking slot for every 2 units Units with 50sqm to 150sqm GFA- Min 1 parking slot for every 1 unit Units with more than 150sqm sqm GFAMin 2 parking slots for each Units. Unit area per occupant: (Sqm): 28sqm Air Space requirements: 14 cubic meters of air space per person. 429


Baguio Catholic Cathedral The rose-colored Baguio Catholic Cathedral, located on top of a hill in the heart of the city, is one of the more familiar and most visited landmarks of Baguio. This beautiful structure has twin spires and is one of the most photographed buildings in the city. From Session Road it is accessible by pedestrians who ascend a long concrete stairway of more than a hundred steps. *The construction of the cathedral by phases was begun on a hill which was originally referred to as "Kampo" by the native Ibalois. The Baguio Cathedral is the biggest catholic church in Baguio. 430


Paco Park, Paco Manila Architect: (Landscape) Ildefonso P. Santos, Jr. Paco Park is circular in shape, with an inner circular fort that stood as the original


cemetery. Its walls were made hollow to serve as niches, and as the population continued to grow, a second outer wall was built with thick adobe walls. The top of the walls were then made into pathways for promenades. A small, domed Roman Catholic chapel was also built inside the walls of the park and was dedicated to St. Pancratius. St. Pancratius Chapelthe Paco Cemetery is a chapel dedicated to St. Pancratius,a Roman citizen who converted to Christianity, and was beheaded for his faith at the age of just 14 around the year 304. His name is Greek G reek and literally means "the one that holds everything". 431


Paoay Church, Ilocos Norte Architectural Style: Baroque Architecture, Earthquake, Baroque The Church of San Agustín at Paoay is the most outstanding example in the Philippines of 'Earthquake Baroque'. Fourteen (14) buttresses are ranged along the lines of a giant volute supporting a smaller one and surmounted by pyramidal finials. A pair of buttresses at the midpoint of each nave wall have stairways for access to the roof. The lower part of the apse and most of the walls are constructed of coral stone blocks, the upper levels being finished in brick, bric k, but this order is reversed on the facade. The massive coral stone bell tower, which was added half a century after the church was completed, stands at some distance from the church, again as a protection


against damage during earthquakes. The UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) List of World Heritage Sites in the Philippines The 4 Baroque Churches of the Philippines (UNESCO) 1.Paoay Church, Ilocos Norte- UNESCO 1993 2.Santa Maria Church, Ilocos Sur 3. Miagao Church, Iloilo 4. San Agustin Church, Manila 432


Jose P. Laurel Ancestral House (Manila) The Jose P. Laurel Ancestral House (Filipino: Tahanan ni Jose P. Laurel) is a historic house in Manila, Philippines. It is one of the three houses owned by the President of the Second Philippine Republic, José P. Laurel. Declaration as a Historic Building: the ancestral house was designated as a Historic Building (House Type) by the National Historical Commission of the Philippines, in March 1998. Architecture: This residential structure reflects the architectural style common around that time known as Bahay-na-Bato ("House-ofStone"). Masonry materials constitute the lower level or the ground floor of the house while wooden materials and capizshell windows dominate the upper floor. The roofing of the house is made of corrugated galvanized iron while its vented eave ceilings are decorated with simple cut-out floral design. Ornate grill works also adorn the windows in the ground floor


and the ventanillas (small shuttered openings below the windows) of the upper floor. Adjoining the northwest portion of the house is the garage area with an azotea or rooftop. Part of Bahay na Bato: PARTS from GROUND FLOOR ; a.) ZAGUAN – where wine carriages & saint’s floats are usually kept. b.) CUADRA – horse table. c.) BODEGA – a storage room for keeping old furniture & palay bins. d.) ENTRESUELO – a mezzanine elevated 1.0 mt. Above the ground usually located on the floor of the masters bedroom right underneath his bed. e.) PATIO – an enclosed courtyard open to the sky & adjacent to Zaguan SECOND FLOOR a.) CEREMONIAL STAIRS – 1st 3 steps made of stone concrete then succeeding steps made of wood. b.) CAIDA – an antesala, an all purpose rm. For dining, sewing, & dancing. c.) SALA – a living room. d.) COMEDOR – dining room. e.) COCINA– kitchen w/c sometimes built separately but connected to the house. f.) DISPENSA – use as a food storage, adjacent to kitchen. g.) BANO or paliguan – bathroom separately from the toilet. h.) CUARTO – sleeping area.


i.) AZOTEA – open terrace open to the toilet, use for laundry drying space. j.) BALCON – overhang balcony, over looking the streets. k.) ALJIBE – cistern storage of collected rainwater, underneath azotea. 433


Iglesia Ni Cristo Locale of Templo Central, Quezon City Architect: Carlos Antonio Santos Viola 434


Zuellig Building, Makati Architectural Style: Skyscraper Architect: International Architectural Firm Skidmore, Owings and Merrill. Local Architectural Firm: W.V. Coscolluela & Associates. The Zuellig Building is an office skyscraper located in the Makati Central Business District in Metro Manila, Philippines and is one of buildings taller than 150 m in the area. The first Platinum level LEED Core and Shell building in the Philippines upon its completion in 2013. Technical Details: Floor Count: 33 aboveground, 5 underground Height: 155 m (508.53 ft)



Rockwell Center, Makati Architect: International Architectural Firm Skidmore, Owings & Merrill (SOM) Local Architect: Felino Palafox Jr. (Master Plan) Rockwell Center is a high-end mixed-use area in Makati City, Philippines. It is a project of Rockwell Land Corporation which is in turn owned by the Lopez Holdings Corporation. Rockwell Center was first developed in 1998 and is being expanded since 2012. The SOM carried out the design under the direction of former design partner Larry Oltmanns. Its centerpiece, the Power Plant Mall, opened on December 26, 2000. The Rockwell Center includes office buildings, condominium towers, a law and business school and a shopping mall. 436


Waiting Shed, This Waiting shed is one example of Cantilever. Cantilever- is a rigid structural element, such as a beam or a plate, anchored at only one end to a (usually vertical) support from which it is protruding. Cantilevers can also be constructed with trusses or slabs. When subjected to a structural load, the cantilever carries the load to the support where it is forced against by a moment and shear stress. Cantilever construction allows for


overhanging structures without external bracing, in contrast to constructions supported at both ends with loads applied between the supports, such as a simply supported beam found in a post and lintel system. Additional Information (History of Architecture) *Busan Cinema Center, South Korea- The world's longest cantilever roof. 437


Holmbladsgade Kvarterhuset Community Centre, Denmark Architect: Dorte Mandrup The Neighbourhood Centre is located in former industrial buildings from 1880. Today the scheme houses a local library and a café as well as office facilities on the upper floors. The structural changes to the existing building consists primarily of the partial removal of the existing floor decks in order to create a new, triple-high foyer space running the length of the building. 438


Nat’l. Press Club Bldg. Manila

Architect: Angel E. Nakpil National Press Club The four-storey main building was built in June 1954 and inaugurated on December 30, 1955 by President Ramon Magsaysay. It was designed by the late Angel E. Nakpil as one of the modern and first earthquakeproof buildings in the Philippines, and constructed by Engr. Alberto T. Abaya.



National Museum of Fine Arts, Manila (Formerly Legislative Building) Architectural Style: Neoclassical Architect: Juan M. Arellano Brief History: The building was originally designed by Bureau of Public Works (precursor of the Department of Public Works and Highways) Consulting Architect Ralph Harrington Doane and Antonio Toledo in 1918, and was intended to be the future home of the National Library of the Philippines, according to the Plan of Manila of Daniel H. Burnham. The Philippine Legislature decided to move into the Library building in 1926, and changes to the building's layout were done accordingly by architect Juan M. Arellano 440

"History of Architecture & Sustainable Design"

The Net Lima Tower, BGC Taguig, Philippines Architect: Oppenheim Architecture + Design- Chad Oppenheim This Iconic structure is situated in the prime center of The Philippines’ business district, Bonifacio Global City, Taguig. The development will come to life as a 1,550,000-square-foot mixed-use, office/retail complex beginning with the completion of The Net Lima in 2011. (Final completion of entire development set for 2014.) Oppenheim’s masterplan concept for The Net Metropolis, 5th Ave. is composed of three towers that span a 3-acre block and range from 24 to 40 stories resting on six levels of above-grade parking.


The project has a clear environmental (and economical) purpose and will further balance nature and architecture by integrating two recreational parks that serve as both amenity spaces and soothing, intricately landscaped focal points. Recognition and Awards: *Unveils First Certified “Green” Project in The Philippines.

Green Firsts for Philippines with The Net Lima: 1. Building Envelope consisting of Sun Shading and a Full Glass Curtain Wall featuring double glazed low-emissivity glass: Reduces costs and energy use associated with A/C 2.(GRP) Fiberglass fuel storage tanks with built-in leak detection for generators used during power outages: Compared to industry standard steel tanks, these tanks reduce the risk of leaks and contamination. They also have a life span twice as long and can easily be repaired and serviced. 3.Harvesting of Condensate Water from A/C: Instead of wasting the condensate water, this is collected into a separate tank to be used for landscaping, cleaning, and other needs for the building 4. Cold Air Recycling: A portion of cool exhaust air is ducted to provide comfort cooling to arcade area in front of lobby 5. Required all members of the Project Team to be members of the PHILGBC. Philippine Green Building Council (PHILGBC) Buillding for Ecologically Responsive


Design Excellence (BERDE) 441


The Mind Museum, BGC, Taguig Architectural Firm: Lor Calma & Partners Architect: Ed Calma The design of the structure was inspired from cellular structure and growth and had a solar reflective exterior, natural wind ventilation and rainwater flow drainage. 442


Pacific Plaza Towers, BGC, Taguig Architectural Style: Skyscrapers Architect: International Architectural Firm: Arquitectonica Local Architectural Firm: Recio + Casas Architects The Pacific Plaza Towers are high-end residential condominium skyscrapers located in Bonifacio Global City, Philippines The twin 53-storey buildings, the North Tower and South Tower, were completed in 2001 and rises to 179 metres (587 feet) from the ground to its architectural top. 443


Philippine Normal University, Manila Architect: American Architect: William Parsons Local Architect: Antonio Toledo Brift History: The Philippine Normal University (PNU) is a public research university in Manila, Philippines established during the early days of American colonial rule.


The Manila Campus is the flagship and oldest campus of the university. In 1909, American architect William E. Parsons was tasked by the Philippine Commission to draw up design for various schools to be established in the Philippines. Construction: It was designed using the California Mission style to juxtapose with the capiz window panes and ornately grilled ventanillas, was erected at the corner of Taft Avenue and Ayala Boulevard. The building, three-storeys in height, followed a V-configuration plan, where an auditorium was at the apex, while the rest of its segments were used as classrooms and laboratories linked by corridors. The exterior was relieved by panels of glazed polychromatic glazed tiles set in concrete. 444


SM North Edsa, Quezon City Architect: International Architectural Firm: Arquitectonica Local Architect: William Vargas Coscolluella , Brief History SM City North EDSA is a shopping mall located at the intersection of North Avenue and Epifanio de los Santos Avenue (EDSA) in Quezon City, Philippines. It is the first SM Supermall in the country and is the largest shopping mall in the Philippines. 445


Farmers Plaza Shopping Center , Cubao Architect: Antonio Sindiong


Brief History: Farmers Plaza in Cubao is one of the oldest malls in Quezon City. It was built before shopping was supposed to be an 'experience' and the shops were small and crowded, and the corridors dark and narrow. It underwent a major renovation when the Metro Rail Transit system was constructed because one of the MRT's largest stations would connect directly to it. On one side of Farmers Plaza, and the reason for its name, is Farmers Market, one of the oldest, largest and cleanest fresh produce, meat and seafood markets in the city. 446


Sm Megamall, Mandaluyong Architect: International Architectural Firm: Arquitectonica Local Architect: Antonio Sindiong Brift History: SM Megamall is a shopping mall located in the Ortigas business district of Metro Manila, Philippines. It is currently the second largest SM Supermall. The mall complex comprises two buildings connected by a bridge, and occupies a land area of approximately 10 hectares, with a total floor area of 474,000 square metres (5,100,000 sq ft) making it the second largest shopping mall in the country and the fourth in the world.



Shrine of Our Lady Queen of Peace , EDSA Architect: Francisco Manosa The Shrine of Mary, Queen of Peace, Our Lady of EDSA, or more popularly, the EDSA Shrine is a small church of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Manila located at the intersection of Ortigas Avenue and Epifanio de los Santos Avenue (EDSA) 448


UST Main Building, Manila Architectural Style: Renaissance Revival architecture Designed by: Roque Ruaño Brief History: The building, designed by Fr. Roque Ruaño, O.P., is the first earthquake-resistant building in the Philippines. In 1920, Roque Ruaño was assigned to draw up plans for the UST Main Building to be constructed at the Sulucan property of the Dominican Order. The structure is a rectangular building having a dimension of 86 meters long and 74 meters wide with two interior courtyards or patios. The most significant feature is the fact that it is actually made up of 40 separate structures independent from one another with the only opportunity provided by pre-cast stab flooring. 449


SM Manila Architect: Gilbert C. Yu Willie C Yu & Associates


450


Shangri-La at the Fort, BGC, Taguig Architectural Style: Skyscapers Architect: Handel Architects Brief History: Shangri-La at the Fort is a 5-star luxury hotel and mixed-used building in Bonifacio Global City, Taguig City, Metro Manila, Philippines. It opened on March 1, 2016 and one of the three hotels managed by Shangri-La Hotels and Resorts located in Metro Manila, Philippines. The hotel has 576 rooms and suites, Shangri-La Hotel and Residences; Horizon Homes with 97 residential units, 7 restaurants, an entertainment club, and a café. It is one of the top four tallest skyscrapers in the Philippines. as of March 2016 List of tallest buildings in Philippines 1. PBCom Tower, 259 meters (H) 2. Gramercy Residences, 250 meters 3. Discovery Primea, 250 meters 4. Shangri-La at the Fort, 250 meters 5. Grand Riviera Suites, 230 meters 6. One Shangri-La Place North & South Tower, 227 meters 7. BSA Twin Tower 1 & 2, 221 meters 8. G.T. International Tower, 217 meters 9. Alphaland Makati Place, 215+5 meters 10. St. Francis Tower 1 & 2, 213 meters 451


Doña Natividad Building & PNB , Quezon Avenue Architect: Juan Nakpil Construction:


The building design used the Folded Plate System Folded Plates are assemblies of flat plates rigidly connected together along their edges.in such a way so as to make the structural system capable of carrying loads without .the need for additional supporting beams along mutual edges. Types of folded plates : 1- Prismatic : if they consist of rectangular plates. 2- Pyramidal : when non-rectangular plates are used. 3- Prismoidal, triangular or trapezoidal. Folding Systems in Nature The principle of folding as a tool to develop a general structural shape has been known for a long time. Folded structure systems which are analogous to several biological systems such as found at broadleaf-tree leaves, petals and foldable insect wings, are adopted to be employed in a new, technical way. Leaf of Palm Tree Beetle Insect With Foldable Wings Seashell. 452


De la Salle university Bldgs., Taft Architectural Style: NeoClassical Architect: Tomás Mapúa Brief History: St. La Salle Hall is an H-shaped four-storey structure built in neoclassical style in the Philippines. It was built from 1920 to 1924 to serve as the new campus of De La Salle College (De La Salle University) due to lack of space of the previous campus in Paco, Manila, and to accommodate its increasing student population. It served as the grade school and high school building back when the college was still offering those levels.


*Tomas Mapua- The First Filipino registered Architect 453


Rizal Memorial Stadium & Rizal Memorial Coliseum, Manila Location : Rizal Memorial Sports Complex,Manila Architectural Style: Art Deco Architects: Juan Arellano Brief History: The Rizal Memorial Stadium is considered to be an art deco architectural design that incorporated streamlines and simpler lines, flat surfaces and rounded edges. The design represented stability and modernity. It has a seating capacity of 10,000. The Rizal Memorial Coliseum is one of two indoor sporting arenas located inside the Rizal Memorial Sports Complex in Manila, Philippines, The capacity of the coliseum is 8,000 454


Barasoain Church, Malolos Bulacan Architectural Style: Baroque Architecture Brief History: Barasoain Church (also known as Our Lady of Mt. Carmel Parish) is a Roman Catholic church built in 1888. Having earned the title as the Cradle of Democracy in the East, the most important religious building in the Philippines


455


Barasoain Church Interior View Architectural Style: Baroque Architecture 456


SSS Building, Quezon City Architectural Style: International style Architect: Juan F. Nakpil

457


Gardens By the Bay, Singapore Architect: Grant Associates (Bay South Garden) Design team: Wilkinson Eyre Architects Gustafson Porter (Bay East Garden) This photo at Supertrees (Bay South Garden) Supertrees are tree-like structures that dominate the Gardens' landscape with heights that range between 25 metres (82 ft) and 50 metres (160 ft). They are vertical gardens that perform a multitude of functions, which include planting, shading and working as environmental engines for the gardens.



Capitol Theater, Escolta, Manila Architectural Style: Art Deco Architect: Juan Nakpil The Capitol Theater is an Art deco theater in Manila, Philippines. It was built during the 1930s along Escolta Street, part of the city's primary commercial district, together with the Lyric Theater. It was designed with a double-balcony by National Artist Juan Nakpil and was considered a rare feat during that era. Design/Structural: A decorative tower, located over the main entrance, was intentionally designed to be different from the rest of the building. The tower facade is symmetrically composed with lines offsetting each other to emphasize the strong and rigid geometric forms. The low-relief figures depicting two Filipina muses which are portrayed wearing native dress or 'traje de mestizas' and local fauna which include carabao head. Designed by Francesco Riccardo Monti 459


Masjid Al-Dahab Mosque, Quiapo Manila Architectural type: Mosque Masjid al-Dahab- Also known as "The Golden Mosque" Golden Mosque is situated in the predominantly Muslim section of the Quiapo district in Manila, Philippines, and is considered the largest mosque in Metro Manila. The Golden Mosque acquired its name for


its gold-painted dome as well as for its location in Globo de Oro Street. Under the supervision of former Philippine First Lady Imelda Marcos, Seeting Capacity: 3000pax 460


Rizal Park, Manila Architect: Master Plan: Daniel Burnham Landscape: Ildefonso P. Santos Jr. Brief History: Rizal Park's history began in 1820 when the Paseo de Luneta was completed just south of the walls of Manila on a marshy patch of land next to the beach during the Spanish rule. Rizal Monument: Sculptor: Carlos Nicoli of Carrara The bronze-and-granite Rizal monument is among the most famous sculptural landmarks in the country. It is almost protocol for visiting dignitaries to lay a wreath at the monument. Located on the monument is not merely the statue of the national hero, but also his remains. Coodinates: 14°34′57″N 120°58′42″E 461

History of Architecture"

Philippine Heart Center, Quezon City Architectural Style: Brutalist architecture Architect: Jorge Ramos Brief History: Mrs. Marcos broke the ground for the future Philippine Heart Center for Asia, a highly specialized institution which would integrate all activities related to the care


and treatment of heart diseases, the training of heart specialists, and research an all aspects of cardiology. It would also the heart of the Heart Foundation in 1972. The building, an outstanding architectural structure designed by Jorge Ramos, was inaugurated February 14, 1975 462


Regina Building, Escolta Manila Architectural Style: Neoclassical Beauxarts Architect: Original Design Ground to 3rd Flr.:Andres Luna de San Pedro Expanded/ Renovation 4th Floor: Fernando H. Ocampo Brief History: Regina Building, previously known as Roxas Building. The design combined the styles of neoclassicism and beaux-arts. It was a three-storey structure during the time it was built but was later expanded into a fourth floor by Fernando Ocampo when the De Leon family bought if from the Roxases. 463


Sta. Cruz Church, Manila Architectural Style: Baroque Architecture Brief History: Santa Cruz Church is a Baroque church located in Plaza Santa Cruz in Santa Cruz district, Manila, Philippines. Construction/ Design: The original church design was made of stone and wood. Built in early 17th


century. The church is characteristically Baroque with Ionic piers vertically dividing the first two levels in three parts. Three semicircular arch doorways form as main entrance to the church. Type of window used in main facade: A Celtic-like window flanked by small semicircular windows is found at the center of the second level. Facade Design: Forming as the pediment, the topmost level has its raking cornice in undulating liens emanating from the broken pediment found above the statued niche. The domed belfry rises on the right in six levels. 464


Sta. Cruz Church Interior View Architectural style: Baroque Architecture 465


Architectural Style: Organicism Architecture and Skyscraper Architect: Albert Yu Architectectural Firm: Asya Design Partner *Tallest building in Binondo and all of Chinatown all over the world. Building Design: The design of the building was derived from organic architecture. Its biomorphic form is designed to utilize air and sunlight to reduce the energy consumption of the building. Technical Details: The Anchor Skysuites as a residential


condominium have 346 units. Height: 190.55 metres (625.2 ft) Floor Count: 54 floors included the undergouund 466


Grand Riviera Suites, Roxas Blvd, Manila Architectural Style: Skyscaper Architect: Asya Design Partner Brief History: The Grand Riviera Suites is a high rise residential skyscraper located along Roxas Boulevard in Manila, Philippines. Technical Details Height: 230 meters (750 ft) Floor Count: 57 floors 467


Bartizan, Intramuros Manila *Bartizan is an overhanging, wall-mounted turret projecting from the walls of late medieval and early-modern fortifications from the early 14th century up to the 18th century. Most frequently found at corners, they protected a warder and enabled him to see his surroundings. Bartizans generally are furnished with oillets or arrow slits. The turret was usually supported by stepped masonry corbels and could be round or square. *Turret- is a small tower that projects vertically from the wall of a building such as a medieval castle. Turrets were used to provide a projecting defensive position allowing covering fire to the adjacent wall in the days of military fortification.


*Corbel - is a structural piece of stone, wood or metal jutting from a wall to carry a superincumbent weight, a type of bracket. 468


Uy Chaco Building, Binondo Manila Current name: Philtrust Bank Building Architectural Style: Art Nouveau Architect: Samuel C. Rowell The 6-story Uy-Chaco Building on Plaza Cervantes is considered Manila's first skyscraper. The most striking feature of the building is the projecting turret on its northeastern corner. The rounded corner, emphasized by curving railings, gives the building the appearance of a French chateau. Rising from the eaves is a gabled roof with round clocks instead of windows. The building also features eight distinctly-designed bats, and projecting balconies on the third, fourth and fifth, floors. Art Nouveau Is an international style of art, architecture and applied art, especially the decorative arts, that was most popular between 1890 and 1910. Art Nouveau is considered a "total" art style, embracing architecture, graphic art, interior design, and most of the decorative arts including jewellery, furniture, textiles, household silver and other utensils, and lighting, as well as the fine arts. Naming: Art Nouveau in Germany- Jugendstil Art Nouveau in France- Le Modern Style



Commercial Bank and Trust Company Building, Escolta, Manila Architectural style: Googie architecture Architect: Jose Maria Zaragosa Googie architecture- is a form of modern architecture, a subdivision of futurist architecture influenced by car culture, jets, the Space Age, and the Atomic Age. Features of Googie include upswept roofs, curvaceous, geometric shapes, and bold use of glass, steel and neon. Googie was also characterized by Space Age designs symbolic of motion, such as boomerangs, flying saucers, atoms and parabolas, and free-form designs such as "soft" parallelograms and an artist's palette motif. These stylistic conventions represented American society's fascination with Space Age themes and marketing emphasis on futuristic designs. 470


Acropolis of Athens, Greece The Acropolis of Athens- is an ancient citadel located on an extremely rocky outcrop above the city of Athens and contains the remains of several ancient buildings of great architectural and historic significance, the most famous being the Parthenon. Site plan of the Acropolis at Athens showing the major archaeological remains. 1.Parthenon 2.Old Temple of Athena 3.Erechtheum 4.Statue of Athena Promachos 5.Propylaea 6.emple of Athena Nike 7.Eleusinion


8.Sanctuary of Artemis Brauronia or Brauroneion 9.Chalkotheke 10Pandroseion 11.Arrephorion 12.Altar of Athena 13.Sanctuary of Zeus Polieus 14.Sanctuary of Pandion 15.Odeon of Herodes Atticus 16.Stoa of Eumenes 17.Sanctuary of Asclepius or Asclepieion 18.Theatre of Dionysus Eleuthereus 19.Odeon of Pericles 20.Temenos of Dionysus Eleuthereus 21.Aglaureion 471


Philamlife Building,U.N, Manila Architectural Style: International Style Architect: Carlos D. Arguelles. The Philamife Building located in United Nations Avenue in Metro Manila is the main office of the Philippine American Life and General Insurance Company, one of the biggest life insurance organization in the Philippines which was founded in 1947. Facade Design: The Architectural design of the building is influenced by International style. The multi-storey reinforced concrete block is transformed into extraordinary architecture by the use of brise-soleil of aluminum which help manipulate the shade and shadow within the building. The building was surrounded with sun baffles to control the entrance of light to the interior without sacrificing the external appearance of the building. Interior Design: The sculptural entrance was covered of molded thin shell concrete that


dramatically brings the people to the interior lobby. The rear exit which was in the exterior portion of the building is connected to the streets by the walkway designed with "a series of flower-like concrete hyperbolic paraboloid covers". Another innovative construction form that caught the imagination of the architects during this period is the thin shell concrete. In the interior, there is the 780seat auditorium with walls that were generously paneled with narra. 472


Coconut Palace "Ang Tahanang Pilipino", CCP Complex, Pasay Architect: Francisco Mañosa The Coconut Palace, also known as Tahanang Pilipino is a government building located on the campus of the Cultural Center of the Philippines, in Manila, Philippines. Architectural Design: The Coconut Palace is made of several types of Philippine hardwood, coconut shells, and a specially engineered coconut lumber apparently known as Imelda Madera. The palace is shaped like an octagon (the shape given to a coconut before being served), while the roof is shaped like a traditional Filipino salakot or hat. Some of its highlights are the 101 coconutshell chandelier, and the dining table made of 40,000 tiny pieces of inlaid coconut shells. Highlighted as one of the Cultural Center of the Philippines’ most striking structures for its architecture and interiors, the palace celebrates the coconut as the ultimate “Tree of Life”.



National Library, T.M. Kalaw, Mla. Architect: Felipe Mendoza (1st Architect) Brief History The current National Library building, a six-storey, 110-foot (34 m) edifice, was designed by Hexagon Associated Architects and constructed at a cost of 5.5 million pesos.[1] With a total floor area of 198,000 square feet (18,400 m2), the library has three reading rooms and three mezzanines which currently occupy the western half of the second, third and fourth floors. Each reading room can accommodate up to 532 readers, or 1,596 in total for the entire building. The 400seat Epifanio de los Santos Auditorium and a cafeteria are located on the sixth floor. 474


Malate Church, Manila Architectural Style: Baroque Architecture Architectural Design: The Malate Church near Roxas Boulevard is only one of the two that has a twisted column and has in effect a retablo type facade, the other being the Franciscan church in Daraga. Exterior Facade: There is interplay of Muslim design and Mexican Baroque. Says one writer, "it is in the design of the facade where the significance of the Malate Church lies." The juxtaposition of Baroque and Muslim baroque has resulted in an interesting colonial style, "mudejarisimo Filipino," in the words of Alice Coseteng in her book, Spanish Churches in the Philippines.


The central rectangular body of the threestorey facade is flanked by two projecting cylindrical buttresses. The buttresses are shaped into half-embedded hexagonal forms and converted into belltowers by employing the third tier as belfries. The design of the church facade is unusual with the use of trefoil blind arches which clearly indicate an influence of the Moorish art. Definition: Juxtaposition- the fact of two things being seen or placed close together with contrasting effect. Moorish Architecture: Characteristic elements of Moorish architecture include muqarnas, horseshoe arches, voussoirs, domes, crenellated arches, lancet arches, ogee arches, courtyards, and decorative tile work known as zellij in Arabic or azulejo in Spanish. 475


Malate Church, Manila Architectural Style: Baroque Architecture Interior: Inside is an image of Our Lady of Remedies or Nuestra Señora de los Remedios enshrined on the main altar. It came from Spain and was brought here by the Augustinian Fathers who were the early administrators of the church in the 16th century. This image is known to serve towards the mothers with sick children. Today, the mothers manifest their devotion by lighting special candles and pouring forth their private petitions.


476


Folk Arts Theater, CCP Complex, Pasay Architect: Leandro Locsin Folk Arts Theater-Is also known as The "Tanghalang Francisco Balagtas". This covered proscenium amphitheater is where entertainment such as popular concerts, musicals and plays are usually staged. It has 8,458 seating capacity in ten sections. The theater was built in 90 days and was designed by Leandro V. Locsin in 1974. Definition of Terms: Proscenium- The part of a theater stage in front of the curtain. 477


Manila Film Center, Pasay Architect: Froilan Hong The Manila Film Center is a national building located at the southwest end of the Cultural Center of the Philippines complex in Pasay, Philippines. Construction: The structure was designed by architect Froilan Hong where its edifice is supported on more than nine hundred piles. which reaches to the bed-rock about 120 feet below. Nakakatakot pala talaga yung story ng building na to 169 people namatay during construction.



Ayala Museum, Makati Architectural Firm: Leandro V. Locsin Partners Architect: Leandro Y. Locsin, Jr. The Ayala museum is a museum in Makati, Metro Manila, Philippines. This six-storey edifice houses ethnographic and archaeological exhibits on Filipino culture, art, and history. Since its establishment in 1967, 479


Manila Pavilion Hotel (formerly Manila Hilton), Manila Local Architect: Carlos D. Arguelles Foreign Architect: Welton Becket 480


Discovery Primea, Makati Architectural style: Skyscaper Architect: International Firm: Kenzo Tange Local Architect: Jorge Y. Ramos *2nd tallest building in the philippines same as the The Gramercy Residences & Shangri-La at the Fort, Manila Discovery Primea is a 68-storey residential tower and one of the tallest buildings in the Philippines located in Makati along Ayala Avenue. It stands on the former Gilarmi Apartments, one of the earliest urban residential condominiums built in the Makati Central Business District.


Brief History: The Discovery Primea was built on the land where the Gilarmi Apartments used to stand with the later built in the 1960s. The Gillarmi Apartments was the first serviced apartment building to be built in the Makati Central Business District. In 2013, construction of the top floor was topped out signaling the completion of the construction of Discovery Primea Tower, effectively making it one of the tallest buildings of the Philippines. 481


Metropolitan Museum of Manila, Roxas Blvd. Architect: Main Building: Gabriel Formoso Exhibition hall & Vault for the BSP Gold Collection: Ar. Lor Calma Brief History: The Metropolitan Museum of Manila (nicknamed the Met) is a museum located within the complex of the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP) along Roxas Boulevard in Malate, Manila, the Philippines. The building was designed by the late architect Gabriel Formoso to blend with the now nearly forgotten historic Fort San Antonio Abad, hidden in the shadows of the taller structures of the BSP complex. In a bid to impress creditors during the IMF Convention in the late 1970s, Imelda Marcos commandeered the building to display her collection of European art. It became the Metropolitan Museum of Manila Lor Calma designed the Met’s main


exhibition hall was the elegant Tall Gallery, with a distinctive spiral staircase at the center. (Decades later, Calma also designed the Vault for the BSP Gold Collection, during the presidency of Fidel Ramos.) 482


Manila Diamond Hotel, Rozas Blvd. Architect: Gilbert Yu Diamond Hotel Manila is a spectacular luxury hotel in the Manila Bay of Manila. This twenty seven story deluxe hotel is famous for its impeccable facilities and services along with spectacular natural beauty. This granite building resembling art deco architecture is synonymous to style, elegance, sophistication and comfort. There are five hundred rooms in Diamond Hotel Manila. The rooms are subdivided into superior rooms, deluxe rooms, presidential suites, executive suites and diamond club. Definition: Granite- is a common type of felsic intrusive igneous rock that is granular and phaneritic in texture. Granites can be predominantly white, pink, or gray in color, depending on their mineralogy. The word "granite" comes from the Latin granum, a grain, in reference to the coarse-grained structure of such a holocrystalline rock. By definition, granite is an igneous rock with at least 20% quartz and up to 65% alkali feldspar by volume.


"Urban Planning"

Kilometre zero- also known as Zero mile marker, control stations or control points. Kilometre Zero is a particular location (often in the nation's capital city), from which distances are traditionally measured. They were markers where drivers could set their odometers to follow directions in early guide books. A similar notion also exists for individual roads (that is, all locations on the road have a number, depending on their distance from that location), and for individual cities (often the city's central post office is used for this). The marble marker designated as KM 0 fronting the Rizal Monument in Rizal Park is Kilometer Zero for road distances on the island of Luzon and the rest of the Philippines. 484


PLDT, Espana, Manila Architect: Gabriel Formoso 485


Philippine Airlines Building, Pasay Architect: Jose Maria Zaragoza



Bayview Park Hotel, Roxas Blvd, Manila Architect: Ramon S. Licup

487


Tektite Towers: The Philippine Stock Exchange, Ortigas, Pasig Architectural Style: Skyscaper Architect: Rogellio Villarosa

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Santo Niño de Tondo Church, Manila Architectural style: Neoclassical Architecture Santo Niño de Tondo Church (also known as Tondo Church) is a Roman Catholic church in Tondo, Manila in the Philippines established by the Augustinians. Architectural Design: The structural envelope is characterized by minimal ornamentation with Ionic rectangular pilasters attached at the main facade. Massive buttresses also support the unproportional domes of the bell towers. There are also blind arched openings that contrast with the rectangular voids and a triangular pediment. The neoclassical architectural style has its big influence the construction


of the church and convent. 489


Santo Niño de Tondo Church , Manila Architectural Style: Neoclassical Architecture Interior Facade: It is composed of a main central nave that is flanked by two aisles that are linked by solid columns. The internal space spans 65 meters in length, 22 meters in width and 17 meters in height. Dome Design: Particularly impressive is the steel framed media naranja dome. 490

"History of Architecture" & Structural Conceptualization"

Jones Bridge, Manila Architectural Style: Neoclassical Arch Bridge Structural Design: Girder bridge Designer: Ar. Juan Arellano The William A. Jones Memorial Bridge is a bridge that spans the Pasig River in the Philippines connecting the Manila area of Binondo on Rosario Street. That bridge span was considered as the oldest established in the Philippines. Structural Conceptualization: Girder bridge- is a bridge that uses girders as the means of supporting the deck. A bridge consists of three parts: the foundation (abutments and piers), the superstructure (girder, truss, or arch), and the deck.


The term "girder" is typically used to refer to a steel beam. In a beam or girder bridge, the beams themselves are the primary support for the deck, and are responsible for transferring the load down to the foundation. 491

"Building Technology" Type of Roof

Butterfly Roof- is a form of roof characterized by an inversion of a standard roof form, with two roof surfaces sloping down from opposing edges to a valley near the middle of the roof. 492

"Building Technology" Type of Door

Revolving door- Typically consists of three or four doors that hang on a central shaft and rotate around a vertical axis within a cylindrical enclosure. Revolving doors are energy efficient as they prevent drafts (via acting as an airlock), thus preventing increases in the heating or cooling required for the building. At the same time, revolving doors allow large numbers of people to pass in and out. 493


One Shangrila Place, Ortigas, Mandaluyong Architectural Style: Skyscaper Architect: International Architectural Film: Palmer & Turner Hong Kong Local Architectural Firm: Casas + Architects *Tallest twin tower in the Philippines *5th Tallest building in the Philippines


One Shangrila Place Ortigas is a luxury twin-tower residential development that will stand atop a six-level mall on the podium levels featuring exclusive retail establishments. The six-level mall is envisioned to add additional leasable retail space to Shangri-La Plaza Mall. Technical Details: Height: 227m (745 FT) Floors: 64 494


1322 Golden Empire Tower, Roxas Blvd, Manila Architectural Style: Skyscaper Architects: International Architectural firm: Architecture International Local Architects: GF & Partners Architects *Tallest Building in the City of Manila 1322 Golden Empire Tower (formerly known as 1322 Roxas Boulevard) is a 57storey residential skyscraper in Manila, Philippines. It is owned by Moldex Land, Inc., part of the Moldex Group of Companies. Standing at 203 meters (666 feet) 495


National Planetarium, Manila Architect: Federico Ilustre The National Planetarium, also known as the National Museum Planetarium (shortened as NM Planetarium), is a planetarium owned and operated by the National Museum of the Philippines in Manila.


It is a 16-metre (52 ft) dome located in Rizal Park between the Japanese Garden and Chinese Garden on Padre Burgos Avenue in the central district of Ermita. (1975) 496


Composite Order- A classical order dating from late Roman times, formed by superimposing Ionic volutes on a Corinthian capital. Photo taken at one of the building in Quintin paredes Road, Binondo

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"Building Laws" BP344 ACCESSIBILITY LAW

Washroom Sign Men: Triangle Shape Women: Circle Shape The edges of the triangle should .30m long same as the diamter of the Circle. The Signage should atleast 7.5mm thk Distinct color: Gray value 498


Museo Pambata(Former Manila Elks Club building), Roxas Blvd, Manila Architect: William Parsons The Museo Pambata is a children's museum in the Ermita district of Manila, near Rizal Park, in the Philippines. It is located in the former Manila Elks Club building, built in 1911, along Roxas Boulevard at the corner of Katigbak Drive.


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Mehan Garden, Manila Mehan Garden is an open space in Manila, Philippines. It was established in 1858 by the Spanish colonial authorities as a botanical garden, called the Jardín Botánico, outside the walled city. The American occupiers of Manila decided that the site was not suitable for a botanical garden and was more suitable for a public park. In 1913 it was renamed after John C. Mehan, who was in charge of Manila's parks and sanitation. *The Mehan Garden was declared a historical site by the National Historical Institute in 1934. 500


Architect: Maximo Vicente. FPIA * PIA Gold Medal of Merit Award- 16th 501


Our Lady of Mt. Carmel Shrine, Balete drive, New Manila, Q.C Architect: Maximo Vicente. FPIA Interior View <3

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