IEC 62040 3 UPS Topology

IEC 62040-3 UPS Types and Methods To more clearly define the various UPS topologies, the IEC

Line-Interact Line-Int eractive ive (IEC 62040 62040-3.2.18) -3.2.18)

(International

established

Line-Interactive operation is any UPS operation where, in

standards in November 1999 that will help consumers more

normal mode of operation, the continuity of load power is

easily understand what type of UPS they they need. It defines the

maintained by the use of a UPS inverter or a power interface

different types of UPS, how each different kind functions and

while conditioning primary power at the input supply frequen-

methods used to measure their performance.

This standard

cy. When the input voltage and/or frequency is out of UPS

defines a UPS in terms of its performance and not individual

preset variation limits, the UPS inverter and battery maintain

UPS functional units. It has been adopted by Centelec, Centelec, the

continuity of load power in stored energy mode of operation

European standardization committee.

within the stated output voltage/frequency tolerances.

Standard IEC 62040-3 defines the three types of UPS as:

Double Conversion Conversion (IEC 62040-3.2.16) 62040- 3.2.16)

Electrotechnical

Commission)

Double conversion operation is any UPS operation, where  Passive Standby

continuity of load power is maintained by a UPS inverter, with

 Line-Interactive

energy from the DC link in normal mode of operation or from

 Double Conversion

the energy storage system in stored energy mode of operation. The output voltage and frequency are independent of input

These terms define how the UPS operates with utility power, that is, the way the power power is passed on to the critical load. The following definitions are taken verbatim from IEC Standard 62040-3.

Passive Standby (IEC 62040-3.2.20) In the normal mode of a passive standby UPS the load is primarily supplied by the utility and is subject to input voltage and frequency variations variations within stated stated limits. When the input supply is outside UPS design load tolerances, the UPS inverter is activated from the battery, and maintains continuity of load power in stored stored energy mode of of operation. It is noted in the standard that the primary power from the utility may be regulated by additional devices, such as ferro-resonant regulators or static devices.

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voltage and frequency conditions.