TOPIC 1: IATA 3 LETTER CITY & AIRPORT CODES: The world map could be divided into the following sections as per International Air Transport Association (IATA) for learning the 3 letter codes: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
NORTH AMERICA CENTRAL AMERICA SOUTH AMERICA EUROPE AFRICA MIDDLE EAST ASIA AUSTRALIA AND THE PACIFIC
In the following table, section wise countr y/city & airport codes are being listed.
1. NORTH AMERICA
COUNTRY
CANADA
UNITED STATES (USA)
CITY
CODES AIRPORT
CALGARY EDMONTON MONTREAL OTTAWA TORONTO VANCOUVER
YYC YEA YMQ YOW YTO YVR
ATLANTA BOSTON CHICAGO DALLAS DETROIT HOUSTON LOS ANGELES MIAMI NEW YORK
ATL BOS CHI DFW DTT HOU LAX MIA NYC
PHILA DELPHIA SAN FRANCISCO SEATTLE WASHINGTON
PHL SFO SEA WAS
CODES
INTERNATIONAL MIRABEL
YEG YMX
PEARSON INTL.
YYZ
O’ HARE
ORD
METROPOLITAN INTER CONTINENTAL
DTW IAH
JOHN F. KENNEDY LA GUARDIA NEWARK
JFK LGA EWR
DULLES INTERNATIONAL NATIONAL
IAD DCA
2. CENTRAL AMERICA
COUNTRY BAHAMAS BARBADOS COSTA RICA FRENCH WEST INDIES HAITI HONDURAS JAMAICA MEXICO NICARAGUA PANAMA TRINIDAD & TOBAGO
CITY NASSAU BRIDGETOWN SAN JOES FORT DE FRANCE, MARTINIQUE POINTE-A-PITRE, GUADALOUPE PORT AU PRINCE TEGUCIGALPA KINGSTON ACAPULCO GUADALAJRA MEXICO CITY MANAGUA PANAMA CITY PORT OF SPAIN
CODES AIRPORT NAS BGI SJO FDF PTP PAP TGU KIN ACA GDL MEX MGA PTY POS
CODES
3. SOUTH AMERICA
COUNTRY ARGENTINA BOLIVIA
BRAZIL
CHILE COLOMBIA ECUADOR PARAGUAY PERU SURINAM URUGUAY VENEZUELA
CITY
CODES AIRPORT
CODES
BUENOS AIRES LA PAZ BRASILIA MANAUS RECIFE RIO DE JANEIRO
BUE LPB BSB MAO REC RIO
MINISTRO PISTARINI
EZE
SAO PAULO
SAO
INTERNACIONAL CONGONHAS VIRACOPOS
GIG CGH VCP
SANTIAGO DE CHILE BOGOTA QUITO ASUNCION LIMA PARAMARIBO MONTEVIDEO CARACAS
SCL BOG UIO ASU LIM PBM MVD CCS
CITY
CODES
AIRPORT
CODES
VIENNA MINSK BRUSSELS SOFIA ZAGREB LARNACA PRAGUE COPENHAGEN HELSINKI LYON MARSEILLE NICE
VIE MSQ BRU SOF ZAG LCA PRG CPH HEL LYS MRS NCE
PARIS
PAR
BERLIN
BER
CHARLES DE GAULLE ORLY TEGEL TEMPELHOF SCHOENENFELD
CDG ORY TXL THF SXF
COLOGNE / BONN DUSSELDORF FRANKFURT HAMBURG MUNICH STUTTGART ATHENS BUDAPEST REYKJAVIK DUBLIN MILAN NAPLES
CGN DUS FRE HAM MUC STR ATH BUD REK DUB MIL NAP
KEFLAVIK INTL.
KEF
LINATE
LIN
ROME
ROM
LEONARDO DA VINCI (FIUMICINO)
FCO
FORNEBU AIRPORT
FBU
OTOPENI SHEREMETYEVO
OTP SVO
4. EUROPE
COUNTRY AUSTRIA BELARUS BELGIUM BULGARIA CROATIA CYPRUS CZECH REPUBLIC DENMARK FINLAND
FRANCE GERMANY
GREECE HUNGARY ICELAND IRELAND
ITALY
MALTA NETHERLANDS NORWAY POLAND PORTUGAL ROMANIA RUSSIAN FEDERATION SLOVENIA
TURIN VENICE MALTA (VALLETA) AMSTERDAM ROTTERDAM OSLO WARSAW LISBON BUCHAREST MOSCOW ST. PETERSBURG LJUBLJANA
TRN VCE MLA AMS RTM OSL WAW LIS BUH MOW LED LJU
SPAIN
SWEDEN SWITZERLAND TURKEY UKRAIN
BARCELONA GRAN CANARIA, LAS PALMAS MADRID MALAGA PALMA DE MALLORCA STOCKHOLM GENEVA ZURICH ANKARA ISTANBUL KIEV BIRMINGHAM EDINBURGH GLASGOW
BCN LPA MAD AGP PMI STO GVA ZRH ANK IST IEV BHX EDI GLA
UNITED KINGDOM
YUGOSLAVIA
LONDON
LON
MANCHESTER BELGRADE
MAN BEG
ARLANDA
ARN
ESENBOGA
ESB
HEATHROW GATWICK LONDON CITY LUTON INTERNATIONAL STANSTED
LHR LGW LCY LTN STN
5. AFRICA
COUNTRY ALGERIA ANGOLA CAMEROON CONGO COTE D’ IVOIRE EGYPT ETHIOPIA GABON GHANA GUINEA KENYA LIBERIA LIBYAN ARAB JAMAHIRIYA MADAGASCAR MALAWI MAURITIUS MOROCCO MOZAMBIQUE NAMIBIA NIGERIA RWANDA SENEGAL SIERRA LEONE SOUTH AFRICA
SUDAN TANZANIA TUNISIA UGANDA CONGO, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ZAMBIA ZIMBABWE
CITY
CODES AIRPORT
ALGIERS LUANDA DOUALA BRAZZAVILLE ABIDJAN CAIRO ADDIS ABABA LIBREVILLE ACCRA CONAKRY NAIROBI MONROVIA
ALG LAD DLA BZV ABJ CAI ADD LBV ACC CKY NBO MLW
TRIPOLI
TIP
ANTANANARIVO LILONGWE MAURITIUS (PORT LOUIS) CASABLANCA MAPUTO WINDHOEK LAGOS KIGALI DAKAR FREETOWN CAPETOWN DURBAN JO’BERG KHARTOUM DAR ES SALAAM TUNIS ENTEBBE
TNR LLW MRU CAS MPU WDH LOS KGL DKR FNA CPT DUR JNB KRT DAR TUN EBB
KINSHASA
FIH
LUSAKA HARARE
LUN HRE
CODES
6. MIDDLE EAST
COUNTRY
CITY
BAHRAIN IRAN IRAQ ISRAEL JORDON KUWAIT LEBANON QATAR SAUDI ARABIA SYRIA UNITED ARAB, EMIRATES
BAHRAIN TEHRAN BAGHDAD TEL AVIV AMMAN KUWAIT BEIRUT DOHA JEDDAH RIYADH DAMASCUS ABU DHABI DUBAI
CODES AIRPORT
CODES
BAH THR BGW TLV AMM KWI BEY DOH JED RUH DAM AUH DXB
7. ASIA
COUNTRY AFGHANISTAN BANGLADESH BRUNEI DARUSSALAM CHINA
INDIA INDONESIA JAPAN KOREA, DEMOCRATIC PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF KOREA, REPUBLIC OF MALAYSIA MONGOLIA NEPAL PAKISTAN PHILIPPINES RUSSIAN FEDERATION (EAST OF THE URAL) SINGAPORE SRI LANKA TAIWAN THAILAND VIETNAM
CITY
CODES AIRPORT
KABUL DHAKA BANDAR SERI BEGAWAN GUANGZHOU BEIJING HONG KONG SHANGHAI MUMBAI CALCUTTA DELHI CHENNAI JAKARTA OSAKA
KBL DAC BWN CAN BJS HKG SHA BOM CCU DEL MAA JKT OSA
TOKYO
TYO
PYONGYANG
FNJ
SEOUL KUALA LUMPUR ULAN BATOR KATHMANDU KARACHI MANILA OMSK KHABAROVSK SINGAPORE COLOMBO TAIPEI BANGKOK HANOI HO CHI MINH CITY
SEL KUL ULN KTM KHI MNL OMS KHV SIN CMB TPE BKK HAN SGN
CODES
CAPITAL
PEK
NARITA HANEDA
NRT HND
8. AUSTRALIA AND THE PACIFIC
COUNTRY
AUSTRALIA
FIJI FRENCH POLYNESIA HAWAII, USA NEW CALEDONIA NEW ZEALAND PAPUA NEW GUINEA
CITY
CODES AIRPORT
ADELAIDE BRISBANE CANBERRA MELBOURNE PERTH SYDNEY NADI PAPEETE HONOLULU NOUMEA AUCKLAND CHRISTCHURCH PORT MORESBY
ADL BNE CBR MEL PER SYD NAN PPT HNL NOU AKL CHC POM
TOPIC 2: FREEDOM OF AIR It should be noted, however, that these traffic rights can only be exercised if specifically permitted in the bilateral agreements. Furthermore, a special authorisation is required not only in the bilateral between the two countries, but also in the bilateral between the country of the designated carrier and each of the countries where the intermediate point or a point beyond is situated. If one agreement is missing, the carrier may not have full traffic rights and may loose revenues. Those agreements may be different for regular charter services. For exceptional or single commercial flights, no bilateral agreement is necessary. When filing a flight plan, a single authorization will be automatically issued. All flights for regular air carriers are filed for 6 or 12 months, with the air office of the governments concerned, where the flight will be landing and departing v.v. The following examples will explain more fully the nature of the rights attached to each of the “Freedoms of the Air”. The examples are concerned with operations of an airline of country “A”
First freedom: The right of an airline of a country (country “A”) to fly across the territory of another country (country “B”) without landing (= overfly).
A
B
C OVERFLY
Example:
Flight Airline Origin Destination Right for LH:
LH 3512 Deutsche Lufthansa (from Germany) Frankfurt (Germany) Milan (Italy) To overfly Switzerland
CODES
Second freedom:
The right of an airline of a country (country “A”) to land in the te rritory of another country (country “B”) for non-traffic non -traffic purposes, for instance for refuelling. Although this is very rare today for passenger flights, this freedom is still used for longhaul cargo flights.
A
B
C
TECHNICAL STOP
Example:
Third freedom:
Flight Airline Origin Destination Right for JL:
The right of an airline of a country (country “A”) to set down in another country (country “B”) passengers, mail & cargo coming from the home country of the airline (country “A”).
A
PICK UP
Example:
JL 068 Japan Airlines (from Japan) Tokyo (Japan) Rio de Janeiro To make a non-traffic stop in Los Angeles (for refuelling purpose only on its way to Rio de Janeiro)
Flight Airline Origin Destination Right for NZ:
B
SET DOWN
NZ 006 Air New Zealand (from New Zealand) Auckland (New Zealand) Los Angeles (USA) To set down passengers, mail & cargo, from the home country, in foreign country.
Fourth freedom:
The right of an airline of a country (country “A”) to pick up in another country (country “B”) passengers, mail & cargo destined for the home country of the airline (country “A”).
A
B
SET DOWN
Example:
Fifth freedom:
Flight Airline Origin Destination Right for AR:
PICK UP
AR 147 Aerolineas Argentinas London (United Kingdom) Buenos Aires (Argentina) To pick up passengers, mail & cargo from a foreign country to the home country.
The right of an airline of a country (country “A”) to carry passengers, mail & cargo form a point of origin in a foreign country (country “B”) to a point of destination in another foreign country (country “C”).
A
B
C
PICK UP
Example:
Flight Airline Origin Destination Right for QF:
SET DOWN
QF 005 Qantas (Australia) Bangkok (Thailand) Amsterdam (Netherlands) To carry passengers, mail & cargo between two foreign countries.
Sixth freedom:
A term sometimes applied to the type of fifth freedom traffic in which passengers, mail & cargo are carried from a point of origin in a foreign country (country “B”) to a point of destination in another foreign country (country “C”) via the home country of the airline (country “A”) .
B
A
PICK UP
C
VIA
SET DOWN
Example:
Flight Airline Origin Destination Via Right for CO:
Cabotage:
The right to carry traffic wholly within a country or between that country and any of its wholly owned overseas territories, or between any of its wholly owned overseas territories. Not so readily available today as more and more territories become independent and the Cabotage status is automatically relinquished.
A
CO 004 Continental (USA) Mexico City (Mexico) London (United Kingdom) Washington (USA) To carry passengers, mail & cargo between two foreign countries, but via the home country of the airline (normally with a change of aircraft).
B
PICK UP
Example:
Flight Airline Origin Destination Right for RK:
+
SET DOWN
RK 008 Air Afrique (Cote d’ d ’ Ivoire) Marseille (France) Paris (France) To carry passengers, mail & cargo wholly within a foreign country.
TOPIC 3: CONVERSION OF IST – UTC TIMINGS & VICE – VERSA To convert an UTC time into IST time, we need to add 0530 hrs with UTC time e.g.
1326 UTC = ???? IST
1326 UTC + 0530 hrs _________________ 1856 hrs in IST
To convert an IST time into UTC time, we need to substract 0530 hrs from IST time e.g.
1326 IST = ???? UTC
1326 IST - 0530 hrs _________________ 0756 UTC
