Hydraulics

Problem 1 What is the rate of flow of water passing through a pipe with a diameter of 20 mm and speed of 0.5 m/sec?  Ans: 0.157 0.157 lit/sec Problem 2 If the velocity of flow in a 75  –mm diameter fire hose is 0.5 m/s, what is the velocity in a 25 mm diameter jet issuing from a nozzle attached at the end of the pipe. Compute also the power available in the jet  Ans: 4.5 m/s; 22.37 watts Problem 3 Neglecting air resistance, determine to what maximum height a vertical jet of water could rise if projected with a velocity of 20 m/s  Ans: 20.4 m Problem 6 Determine the velocity and discharge through the 150 mm diameter pipe shown a.) assuming no head loss b.) considering a head loss of 200 mm  Ans; 177 L/s; 173 L/s

Problem 4  A diverging tube discharges discharges water water from a reservoir reservoir at a depth of of 10 m below below the water water surface. surface. The diameter of the tube gradually increases from 150 mm at the throat to 225 mm at the outlet. Neglecting friction, determine a.) the maximum possible rate of discharge through this tube b.) the corresponding pressure at the throat  Ans; 0.557 0.557 cu m; -398.75 -398.75 kPa kPa

Problem 5  A 50 mm diameter siphon discharges oil (sp. gr. =0.82) from a reservoir (elev. 20 m) into open air (elev. 15 m). The head loss from the reservoir (point 1) to the summit (point 2, elev. 22 m) is 1.5 m and from the summit to the discharge end is 2.4 m. Determine the flow rate in the pipe in lit/sec and the absolute pressure at the summit assuming atmospheric pressure to be 101.3 kPa.  Ans; 9.12 lit/sec; 64.3 kPa

Problem 7  A 20  –HP suction pump operating at 70% efficiency draws water from a suction line whose diameter is 200 mm and discharges into air through a line whose diameter is 150 mm. the velocity in the 150 mm line is 3.6 m/s. if the pressure at point A in the suction pipe is 34 kPa below the atmosphere, where A is 1.8 m below B on the 150 mm line, determine the maximum elevation above B to which water can be raised assuming a head loss of 3 m due to friction.  Ans; 15.19 m

Problem 8 Water enters a motor through a 600 mm diameter pipe under a pressure of 14 kPa. It leaves through a 900 mm diameter exhaust pipe with a pressure of 4 kPa. A vertical distance of 2.5 m separates the centers of the two pipes at the sections where the pressures are measured. If 500 liters of water pass the motor each second, compute the power supplied to the motor.  Ans; 23.98 HP

Problem 9  A fire pump delivers water through a 300 mm diameter main to a hydrant to which is connected a cotton rubber-lined fire hose 100 mm in diameter terminating to a 25 mm diameter nozzle. The nozzle is 2.5 m above the hydrant and 16 m above the pump. Assuming frictional losses of 3 m from the pump to the hydrant, 2 m in the hydrant, 10 m from the hydrant to the base of the nozzle, and the loss in the nozzle of 4% of the velocity head in the jet, to what vertical height can the jet be thrown if the gage pressure right after the pump is 550 kPa?  Ans; 24.102 m

Problem 5 (vena contrata)  A 75 mm-diameter orifice discharges 23.41 liters per second of liquid under a head of 2.85 m. the diameter of the jet at the vena contracta is found by callipering to be 66.25 mm. Calculate the three orifice coefficients.  Ans: 0.78; 0.709; 0.909 Problem 3 (orifice)  An open cylindrical tank, 2.4 m in diameter and 6 m tall has 1 m of glycerin (Sg=1.5), 2.5 m of water, and 1.5 m of oil (So=0.82). Determine the discharge through the 125 mm diameter located at the bottom of the tank. Assume C=0.65  Ans: 0.066 m^3/s

Problem 10  A pitot tube in the pipe in which air is flowing is connected to a manometer containing water as shown in the figure. If the difference in water levels in the manometer is 87.5 mm, what is the velocity of flow in the pipe, assuming a tube coefficient, Cp=0.99?  Ans: 37.07 m/s Problem 2 (venture meter)  A 150 mm diameter horizontal Venturi meter is installed in a 450-mm-diameter water main. The deflection of mercury in the differential manometer connected from the inlet to the throat is 375 mm. a.) Determine the discharge neglecting head lost. b.) Compute the discharge if the head lost from the inlet to the throat is 300 mm of water, c.) what is the meter coefficient  Ans: 0.1712 m^3/s; 0.1657 m^3/s; 0.968

Problem 1 (Gate)  A sluice gate flows into a horizontal channel as shown in the figure. Determine the flow through the gate per meter width when y=1.0 m and d1=6 m. assume that the pressure distribution at sections 1 and 2 to be atmospheric and neglect friction losses in the channel use coefficient of contraction Cc=0.85 and coefficient of velocity Cv=0.95  Ans: 8.2

Problem 11 During a test on a 2.4 m suppressed weir 900 mm high, the head was maintained constant it 300 mm. in 38 seconds, 28,800 liters of water were collected. What is the weir factor Cw? Ans: 1.891