WDM Wavelength Division Multiplexing www.huawei.com
Ing. Francisco Cano S. MSc Optical Networking, Int’l Marketing Dept. Transmission Product Manager Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
CONTENIDO ? Fibra Óptica ? Parámetros que afectan la señal óptica ? Principios de WDM
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U Q ¿
? A C I T P Ó A R IB F A L S E É
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Elementos de una fibra óptica
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Causas de pérdidas ópticas Pérdidas debido a acoplamiento con dispositivo emisor de luz
Pérdidas debido a Scattering Rayleigh Presión lateral externa
Pérdidas por splicing
.. . . . . . . . .. .. .. . . . Reflexión de Fressnel Pérdidas por absorción
Pérdidas de Scattering debido a no uniformidad en la estructura Pérdidas por microcurvaturas
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Pérdidas por radiación causadas por curvaturas
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Reflexión de Pérdidas debido a Fressnel acoplamiento con dispositivo receptor de luz
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Atenuación de la fibra óptica Banda E 1ª ventana
3,0
2ª v Banda O
Banda S (Short)
(Original)
Atenuación (dB/Km)
2,5
3ª v Banda C (Conventional)
(Extended)
4ª v Banda L (Long)
Fibra multimodo
2,0
Fibra monomodo
Absorción producida por el ión hidroxilo, OH (‘Pico de agua’)
1,5
1,0
Pérdida debida a la dispersión intrínseca
0,5
Láser CD-ROM
0 700 Luz visible
800
900
Luz infrarroja
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1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
Longitud de onda, λ (nm) Huawei Confidential
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1600
1700
Parámetros que afectan la señal en los sistemas WDM l
Chromatic Dispersion
l
Polarization Mode Dispersion- PMD
l
Nonlinear Effects in Fiber
l
Kerr Effect
l
Four-wave Mixing
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Principios del DWDM
www.huawei.com
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Evolution of transport network
1984
1965
1998
2005
20XX
2007
Transmission technologies Copper
Optical fiber
PtP WDM
Static OADM Ring
Optical Switching
Transport Hierarchy
PDH
SDH
OTN
Management & Control Plane Centralized Management Distributed Dynamic Control Plane
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What's WDM? lWDM
(Wavelength Division Multiplexing, multiplexación por división en longitudes de onda) consiste en enviar varias señales a diferentes longitudes de onda (diferentes λ) por una misma fibra (luz de varios ‘colores’)
Gas Station
Free Way
Patrol Car HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
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WDM Concept l
Different signals with specific wavelength are multiplexed into a fiber for transmission.
SDH signal
λ1
λ1 λ2
λn
IP package ATM cells
λ2 λ ?
?
λn
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WDM System Structure l
The overall structure of the WDM system of N-path wavelength: › › › ›
Optical Transponder Unit (OTU) Optical Multiplexer Unit / Optical De-multiplexer Unit (OMU/ODU) Optical Amplifier (OA) Supervisory Channel (OSC/ESC)
OTU OTU OTU
O M / O A
OLA
OSC HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
OSC
OTU
O A / O D
OTU OTU
OSC
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Optical Transponder Unit - OTU
Regeneration Input
O/E
G.957
Reshape
E/O
G.692
Retiming
3R ALS FEC (Optional) … HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
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Output
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Application of OA EDFA
Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier
RFA
Raman Fiber Amplifier
OTU
M M 4 U 0 X
OA
M OA4 0
M OA4 0
OTU
Booster amplifier
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Line Amplifier
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MD 4M 0U X
Pre-amplifier
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OTU
OTU
Longitudes de onda Banda C y Banda L 1529.55nm 196.00THz
1560.61nm 192.10THz
C-band
1560.20nm 192.15THz
1529.16nm 196.05THz
C-EVEN: C-ODD: L-EVEN: L-ODD:
192.10THz-196.00THz(1529.55nm-1560.61nm) 192.15THz-196.05THz(1529.16nm-1560.20nm) 187.00THz-190.90THz(1570.42nm-1603.17nm) 186.95THz-190.85THz(1570.82nm-1603.57nm)
1570.42nm 190.90THz
1570.82nm 190.85THz
1603.17nm 187.00THz
1603.57nm 186.95THz
L-band
l
Banda C+ Banda L (160 canales)
l
Banda C:192.1-196.0THz & 192.15-196.05THz, espaciamiento 100GHz.
l
Banda L:187.0-190.9THz & 186.95-190.85THz, espaciamiento100GHz.
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Clases de Elementos de Red WDM 1.OTM 2.OADM
O T M
O T M OADM
3.OLA 4.REG
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R E G
R E G
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WDM Site Type and Networking l
Site Type :OTM, OADM(FOADM/ROADM) OLA,REG,OEQ 80.0 km
OTM
l
80.0 km
OLA
100.0 km
FOADM
200.0 km
ROADM
OTM
Networking Topology : P2P, Chain, Ring, Mesh. OADM
OADM
OADM
OADM
OADM
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OADM
OADM
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ROADM
Wave Blocker
PLC
WSS
ROADM-Reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexer nDynamic
wavelength management nDynamic power control and remote monitoring nAdd services quickly
Any node, any port, any wavelength
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Dynamic optical add/drop modules › Any wavelength accessible in any node, › No banding › Any node to any node connection without re-design › Integrated per channel equalization and monitoring › Reduced regeneration using optical bypass › Optical bypass and automated routing of wavelengths between nodes
ROADM
Multi-degree ROADM/WXC λ1 λ2 λ3 λ4
λ1 λ2 λ3 λ4
ROADM is used to drop any wavelengths at any node.
MROADM is used to interconnect rings or mesh nodes.
ROADM is the foundation of an automated photonic network HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
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OTN OTN-Optical Transport Network OTN is composed of a set of Optical Network Elements connected by optical fibre links, able to provide functionality of transport, multiplexing, routing, management, supervision and survivability of optical channels carrying client signals.
nTransparent
transmission of
client signals nExcellent OAM nLarge-capacity grooming nProtection
Non-associated overhead
OH
overhead
Associated
Wrapper
Client OCh Payload Unit (OPUk)
Client
OH
OCh Data Unit (ODUk)
OPUk
OH
ODUk
FEC
Optical Channel (OCh)
OTUk
OH OCC
OH
Optical Channel Carrier (OCC)
OCC
OMSn OPSn OTSn
OH
OOS OSC OSC
OCC
OCh Transport Unit (OTUk)
OPS0
Optical Multiplex Section Optical Transmission Section OTM Overhead Signal
OTM-nr.m: n? ? , ?
OTM-n.m:
n? ? ,
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Optical Supervisory Channel OSC
OTM-0.m
Optical Physical Section
OSC
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The G709 defines Structures & mapping The G709 Recommendation defines the interfaces of OTN : ü Overhead in support of multiwavelength optical networks
1
OTUk OH
ODUk OH
OPUk OH
2 3
Client Signal mapped in OPU k Payload OPUk Payload
4080
3825
3824
14 15 16 17
7 8
Frame structures Bit rates Formats for mapping client signals 1
ü ü ü
OTUk FEC
4
OTU is the highest electrical multiplexing level and includes a Forward Error Correction function. n ODU carriers an Optical Channel Payload Unit (OPU). n The client signals are mapped into the OPU, which is not processed at intermediate sites of OTN n
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Tunable Transponders You need 40 kinds of spare part.
?1 ?2
?1 ?2
?40
?40
Tunable OTU
?1 ?2
?n
You only need 1 kind of spare part.
?32
u Support dynamic wavelength adjustment covering the whole C band with 50GHz channel spacing (80 wavelength tunable range). u Support wavelength configuration and information inquiring by software. u Less inventory, and less Opex. HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
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Operation, Administration and Maintenance: 3A + OTDR + OSA ? ? Add/drop Add/drop
Fiber cut Fiber cut Varied Gain/ Varied Gain/ attenuation for attenuation for each ? each ?
Attenuation Attenuation change change
OTU
OTU
How to solve these problems? Fault point ALC
Fiber
AGC
System
Function Automatic accommodate the attenuation change of the fiber Automatic lock the amplifier gain and insure the system performance during the adding or dropping channels
APE
System
OTDR
Fiber
OSA
System
Automatic power equalization for all channels Monitor the parameters of the fiber and detect the break point Optical Spectrum Analyzer: Monitor the spectrum parameters. Provide on-line monitoring for all the service channels
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ALC – Automatic Level Control
High line losses OAU
OAU
OAU
OAU
Without ALC Function Normal output Attenuated output Attenuated input
High line losses OAU
With ALC Function
OAU
OAU
OAU Normal output Normal input Attenuated input
Adjust the Power lever automatically considering followings: 1) Lambda add/drop 2) Fiber getting older HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
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Protection Against Failures in System
Ø OSNCP (1+1 OTU) for endend-toto-end protection
Ø OMSP (1+1 OLP) for line protection
Ø 1:8 OChP for transponder protection. HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
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Optical Protection Protection(( ?) IndustryIndustry-Unique Transponder Units Protection
• 1:8 End to end wavelength protection. • Substantial network wavelength resource saving.
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Optical Protection Protection(( ??))
lDualDual- feed SelectiveSelective-Receive lLocal decision, Fast switch. lProcessing and switching in OLP board. lProtection against the fiber cable route’ route’s failure .
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Optical Protection Protection(( ? ) 1+1 OTU Protection
lDualDual- feed SelectiveSelective-Receive lLocal decision, Fast switch(<50 ms). lProcessing and switching in received transponder units. l1+1 transponder unit protection for certain important traffic is also available.
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Ventajas del DWDM l
Transparencia
l
Transmisión de largo alcance
l
Alta Capacidad
l
Utiliza las fibras ópticas existentes
l
Alta relación desempeño/costo
l
Confiabilidad
l
Facilidad de actualización
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? National Backbone Solution ? Intercity Backbone Solution ? Intelligent Backbone Solution
Huawei OptiX DWDM Backbone Solutions Optical Networking, Int’l Marketing Dept. Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2009? 3? 7? ? ? ? HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
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Where does the WDM work in optical network? OptiX BWS1600G
OptiX OSN9500
32×10G
OptiX BWS1600G
160 × 10G
Unified Network Management Solution
LongLong-Haul Backbone Layer OptiX 6800/6100 OptiX 10G
SDH/ATM/IP
32?
iManager T2000/T2100
10G/2.5G
OSN7500/3500 OptiX Metro3100
MAN Core Layer OptiX 3800/6040
OSN3500/2500
OptiX Metro1000
OSN2500/1500
Metro Access Layer HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
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Complete Optical Portfolio - OptiX iManager T2000/T2100
WDM Family
Intelligent NG SDH Family
LH DWDM
Metro WDM
NG WDM
OptiX BWS 1600G/400G
Metro 6100
OptiX OSN 9500
OSN7500
OSN 3500
Metro 1050
Metro 1000
CPE Family
MW Family
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OSN1500A
RTN620
Metro 6040
OSN 6800
OSN 3800
OSN 2500
Metro 500
RTN610
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OSN 900
OSN 1500B
Metro 100
F Trends of the Backbone Transport Network F National/Intercity DWDM Backbone Solution F Intelligent Backbone Solution F Applications
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The features of OptiX BWS 1600G • Ultra Capacity • Ultra long haul transmission, • Modular on-line upgrade: system upgrade is based on the multiple of 400G module • NMS supports the End-to-End wavelength management; • Support one fiber bi-direction and two fiber bi-direction transmission.
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OptiX BWS 1600G: A Unified Platform for Backbones OptiX BWS1600G
High integration Channels
Subracks
Racks
40λ@10G
5
2
80λ@10G
9
3
160λ@10G
17
6
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High Dense C-Band DWDM Solution Ø Highest density: 25GHz spacing 160λ @ 10G in C band with SuperDRZ Ø1600km for 160×10G huge capacity Ø Modular design, smooth expansion: 40à80à160chs Ø Low initial investment, pay as grow 100GHZ spacing 50GHZ spacing
OTU
40chs
OTU
Mux 80chs
40chs
25GHZ spacing
Mux 160chs
OTU
40chs OTU
Mux 80chs
40chs
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Extended C band solution 100GHZ spacing
Provide an excellent solution with low initial
50GHZ spacing
OTU
48chs
ITL 96chs
OTU
investment and up to 20% extension capacity in 25GHZ spacing
48chs
extended C band 40×10G system smoothness upgrade to 48×10G system
ITL
80×10G system smoothness upgrade to 96×10G system
192chs
160×10G system smoothness upgrade to 192×10G
OTU
48chs
ITL
system
Support mixed C band and extended C band solutions
96chs
OTU
48chs
Extended C band 192chs C band 160chs
192.125THz 192.05THz
196.05THz
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Extended 32chs
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191.275THz
OptiX BWS 1600G System Overview Simple unified network platform from common distance to ultra long long--haul. OTU
MUX DeMUX
MUX/ DeMUX OA
OLA
OLA
OLA
Network function unit
Topology/protection
• • • • • •
•Topology: Liner, chain, ring
Optical Transponder Unit Optical amplifier unit MUX/DEMUX/OADM unit Control unit Optical supervisor unit Maintenance unit
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•Protection 1+ 1 Line/OTU protection 1 : 8 OTU protection 1+ 1 for timing unit
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OTU
OA
Network element • Optical Terminal Multiplexer • Optical Line Amplifier • Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer
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