Huawei ERAN12.1 - Workshop

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

eRAN12.1 Agenda

eRAN12.1 General Overview

Deep De ep Di Dive ve Se Sellec ecte ted d Fea eatu ture ress

Agenda

1

eRAN12.1 GENERAL OVERVIEW

4.5G New Era 4.5G as MBB Foundation

4.5G Evolution goes for 5G

Massive MIMO

Giga Basic

CA

Performa nce

Go

MBB Foundation

WTTx

3D Beamforming

3D Coordination

CIoT

LiTRA

Vertical

VoLTE

Video

Cloudif ication

CloudAIR Cloud AIR

Cloud RAN

Cloud Air

eRAN12.1 Address the challenges Go Giga

Go Vertical

n • NB-IoT o • 3D Beamforming i t  Massive Connections: 72K/cell G  Density area : capacity +100% u 5 l .  Module Battery Life: 10 Years 4 o • 3D Coordination v  Wide Coverage: GSM +20dB  Intra-band: Cell Edge User THP +30% E

n o i t B a B d n M u o F

• •



Inter-band: DL Cell THP +20%



Inter-RAT: LAA

Massive MIMO

•

CA everywhere 

IPRAN UL 2CC/DL 5CC



1588V2 ATR



Direct IPsec

•

•

Cloud Air 

LTE flexible bandwidth

LiTRA



•

Go Cloudification

IOPS: reliable & smart PTT

VoLTE as basic service 

Coverage: L1800 = G900



Quality: CD Level voice



Reliability: No Drop

HD video everywhere 

Coverage: Video = Voice

•

WTTx/MBB one network 

•

Reserved resource for MBB

Basic performance 

Downlink throughput: ↑10%



Uplink throughput: ↑15%

eRAN12.1 Promotes 4.5G to be MBB Foundation

MBB Network

Massive MIMO

VoLTE as basic service

HD Video enjoyed everywhere

Massive CA CA everywhere

WTTx WBB/MBB one Network

High THP as basic performance

4.5G Evolution, eRAN12.1 Goes for 5G

From 4.5G to 5G

CloudAIR Cloud AIR

Hotspot

Cell Edge

CIoT

LiTRA

3D Beamforming

3D Coordination

PSM

IOPS

Coordination

Flexible Bandwidth

CA Ev Evol olut utio ion n Intra-site Uplink CA

Intra-site Downlink CA •

DL 5CC CA

•

Flexible CA

•

UL 2CC CA

•

IPRAN UL 2CC CA

Fast CA Everywhere CA Flexible CA •

IPRAN DL 5CC

•

1588V2 ATR and Direct X2

•

IPRAN DL 3CC

Inter-site IPRAN DL CA

Inter-site IPRAN UL CA

VoLTE plus Ensure VoLTE as Basic Service VoLTE

1

Coverage

2

L1800 = G900 • • • • • • •

VoLTE Coverage Enhancement Based on Extended Delay Budget eTTIB VoLTE Rate Control TTI Bundling Robust Head Compression RLC Segmentation Enhancement VoLTE CoMP

Quality

3

No Drop

CD Music Level • • • • •

EVS Rate Control SRI Code Channel Allocation Optimization UL Compensation Scheduling VoLTE Handover Optimization Voice Characteristic Awareness Scheduling

Reliability

• • •

VoLTE User Prior Access VoLTE Smartphone Compatibility Uplink Call Mute Recovery

Video Plus Enable HD Video Everywhere

Video

1

Coverage

2

Video = Voice • • • •

Video TTI Bundling Video ACK IPRAN CoMP Video TCP Saving UDC

Initial Buffering

3

“0” Stalling

“0” Waiting •

WTCP

Speed

• •

Video Load Balance Video Service Rate Adaption

Basic Throughput Improvement based on Big Data Downlink Cell Avg

+10%

•

eRAN12.1 Downlink Performance Improvement

•

Uplink Cell Avg

Uplink Cell Edge User

+15%

+30%

eRAN12.1 Uplink Performance Improvement

•

Turbo Receiver

eRAN12.1 Main Feature Overview 4.5G as MBB foundation Field

Solution 4T4R

CA Gbps Basic Improvement

VoLTE Plus Experience 4.0

Video

Connection +

W TTx

Feature Description

Benefits

eMIMO phase2

Improved 4x2 MIMO vs 2x2 MIMO THP gain to 50%

Supporting IPRAN UL 2CC/5CC

Extend the UL CA ar area to 90%

1588 V2 Advanced Time Re Recover

Simplify titime sy synchronization

Direct IPsec

Reduce time delay

PAMC im i mproves basic UL THP

Improve up u plink throughput by 15%

Precise MCS improves improves basic DL THP

Improve downlink throughput throughput by 10%

Turbo Receiver

Improve cell edge uplink uplink throughput by 30%

VoLTE Coverage Enhancement Based on Extended Delay Budget

Extend VoLTE VoLTE coverage by 1~2dB

eTTIB

Extend VoLTE coverage by 0.5dB

EVS Rate Control

CD Level voice quality, MOS +0.5 +0.5,, Coverage +1dB

VoLTE prior Access

Reduce VoLTE call setup time by 30%

Upl pliink Cov ove era rag ge Imp Impro rove veme men nt for for Vid ideo eo

Ext xte end vid ideo eo co cove vera rag ge by by 1~2dB

Initial Acceleration

Reduce the video initial buffering time by 5%~10%

WBB Specified Policy Manageme Management nt

Enable WBB & MBB source allocation separately

WTTx Uplink Data Compression

Improve DL THP by 5%~10% 5%~10%,, UL THP by 30%~60%

eRAN12.1 Main Feature Overview 4.5G Evolution Field

Solution Massive MIMO Lite

Feature Description

Benefits

3D Beamforming

DL user throughput throughput gain improved by 50~100%

Uplink Interference Cancellatio Cancellation n

UL user throughput throughput gain of cell edge users 5~20%.

Uplink Coordinated Scheduling

UL user perceived throughput improved by 5~30%

NAICS

DL user throughput throughput gain of cell edge users 10%.

Go Giga 3D Coord Coordinat ination ion

Downlink CoMP

Go Vertical

LiTRA

Go Cloudification

Cloud Air

With DPS and JT, JT, edge user throughput increased increased 40%

Multi-band Isomerism and fast carrier Multiselection

Improve cell downlink downlink user THP by 20%

IOPS

Improve the reliability of PTT System

LTE Flexible Bandwidth

Support GL flexible bandwidth bandwidth allocation, maximize spectrum utilization.

eRAN12.1 Agenda

eRAN12.1 General Overview

Deep De ep Di Dive ve Se Sele lect cted ed Fe Feaatu ture ress

Agenda

2.1

eRAN12.1 eRAN12 .1 LTE LTE Selected Selected featur features es LOFD LO FD-1 -120 2020 2044 VoL oLTE TE Co Cove vera rage ge En Enha hanc ncem emen entt Bas Based ed on Ex Exte tend nded ed De Dela layy Bud Budge gett

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LOFD-120205 Uplink Coverage Improvement for Video

New

LOFD-120202 LOFD-1 20202 Intra Intra-eNode -eNodeB B & Inter Inter-eNode -eNodeB B Uplink Interf Interference erence Cancel Cancellation lation

New

LBFD-121102 eRAN12.1 Introduction Package

New

LOFD-121214 VoL VoLTE TE Coverage-based CSFB

New

LOFD-120201 Turbo Receiver

New

LOFD-121212 eNodeB Supporting 1588v2 ATR

New

LOFD-121213 Direct IPsec

New

LOFD-002015 RACH Optimization

E nh .

LAOFD-080201 In Inter-eNodeB CA CA based on Relaxed backhaul

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LEOFD-121202 EVS Rate Control

New

LEOFD-110301 DL 256QAM

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Description

PDCP

PDCP Discard Timer eNodeB Reordering timer

RLC

RLC maximum segment number maxHARQ-Tx

Server cell

MAC

TBS Optimization

Server cell

PDCP, RLC, and HARQ parameters,  eNB sets optimized PDCP,  The eNodeB forecasts forecasts the data volume to be scheduled by VoLTE VoLTE and selects the optimal MCS and RB

combination To reduce the packet loss probability due to PDCP discard timer timeout and to improve the  Target: To voice quality of users under weak coverage in the uplink

1

QCI1 bearer setup or RRC reconfiguration message for UEs entering TTI Bundling

RRC Connection Reconfiguration Complete SR

2 3

VoLTE VoLTE user us er

UL Grant QCI1 bearer release or RRC reconfiguration message for UEs exiting TTI Bundling

RRC Connection Reconfiguration Complete



When QCI1 is setup.  

If UE is in the weak coverage areas, the feature takes effect. According to the data size of the Buffer, the eNodeB will optimize the uplink TBS in each scheduling time time to reduce the packets discarded by PDCP discard timer.



When QCI1 releases or UE is in the good coverage areas, the feature no longer takes effect.

Parameter

Value When QCI 1 Bearers Are Set Up

Value After QCI 1 Bearers Are Deleted

PDCP-layer discard timer

MAX(150ms, RlcPdcpParaGroup. RlcPdcpParaGroup.DiscardTimer )

RlcPdcpParaGroup. RlcPdcpParaGroup.DiscardTimer

Maximum transmission times of HARQs in the uplink (in the non-TTI bundling state)

8

CellUlschAlgo. CellUlschAlgo.UlHarqMaxTxNum

Maximum transmission times of HARQs in the uplink (in the TTI bundling state)

MAX(N24, CellUlschAlgo. CellUlschAlgo.TtiBundlingHarqMa x Tx Num Nu m CellUlschAlgo. CellUlschAlgo.TtiBundlingHarqMaxTxNu xTx m)

eNodeB-specific timer for reordering at The values of these two parameters vary the receiver in AM for each bearer depending on the value of the UlHarqMaxTxNum parameter. parameter. For details, see tables in next page eNodeB-specific timer for reordering at the receiver in UM for each bearer

RlcPdcpParaGroup. RlcPdcpParaGroup.ENodeBAmRe

orderingTimer RlcPdcpParaGroup. RlcPdcpParaGroup.ENodeBUmRe

orderingTimer

Value  Value

of the eNodeB-specific timer for reordering at the receiver in AM/UM for each bearer in the non-TTI bundling state

Maximum Number of Uplink HARQ Transmission Times

Length of the eNodeB-specific Timer for Reordering at the Receiver in AM/UM for Each Bearer

8

60 ms

 Value Value

of the eNodeB-specific timer for reordering at the receiver in AM/UM for each bearer in the TTI bundling state

Maximum Number of Uplink HARQ Transmission Transmission Times

Length of the eNodeB-specific Timer for Reordering at the Receiver in AM/UM for Each Bearer

N24

80 ms

N28

95 ms

Feature Dependencies Prerequisite Features • Uplink RLC segmentation enhancement

Mutually Exclusive Feature • None

Impacted Features VoLTE Coverage Enhancement Based on Extended Delay Budget be • LOFD-001048 TTI Bundling: It is recommended that VoLTE enabled with TTI Bundling so that the uplink coverage improves for users in the TTI bundling state.

HW Dependencies • None

Network Impact System Capacity poor, VoLTE VoLTE services will consume more PDCCH CCEs and PRBs. If the uplink channel quality becomes poor, With the increase in the number of VoLTE VoLTE users, the traffic volume volume and throughput of data services may slightly decrease.

Network Impact Network performance  The Uu-interface transmission delay for voice packets increases.

The Uu-interface uplink packet loss rate of voice packets decreases by a maximum of 25% if the

proportion of VoL VoLTE users exceeds 5%, the proportion of uplink low-index MCSs on the PUSCH exceeds 20%, and users are evenly distributed.  The uplink coverage coverage of VoLTE VoLTE users increases increases by 0.5 dB to 2.5 dB when no interference exists exists in the t he

uplink and the downlink RSRP is less than -124 dBm. If the uplink channel quality becomes poor, poor, VoLTE VoLTE services may consume more RB resources.

When to use Same type type of scenar scenarios ios as for for TTI bundli bundling ng Same 

Sites with a great number of voice users



Weak coverage coverage occurs in the uplink



High uplink packet loss rate



Cells with a high packet loss rate of VoLTE-service VoLTE-service users at the cell edge



Cells with strong uplink interference

VoLTE VoLTE services are enabled in the uplink in weak coverage areas, such as rural, suburban, and indoor

areas  The uplink coverage is limited due to interference.

Parameters Parameters

Description

CellUlschAlgo.UlEnhencedVoipSchSw

The UlVoipCrosslayerOptSwitc UlVoipCrosslayerOptSwitch h option specifies whether to enable the the VoL VoLTECover TECoverage age EnhancementBa EnhancementBased sed on Extended Extended Delay Budget feature.

CellUlschAlgo.UlVoipRlcMaxSegNum

This parameter specifies whether to enable the uplink RLC segmentation enhancement function for VoLTE VoLTE services on UEs not in the TTI bundling state and specifies the maximum number of uplink RLC segments. If this parameter is set to a non-zero value X, the uplink RLC segmentation enhancement feature is enabled and a maximum of X RLC segments can be used for VoIP services in uplink dynamic scheduling when a UE exits the TTI bundling state. When the UlVoipCrosslayer-OptSwitch UlVoipCrosslayer-OptSwitch option is selected, set this parameter parameter to 23. Otherwise, set this parameter to 20.

CellUlschAlgo.TtiBundlingRlcMaxSegNum

This parameter specifies the maximum number of uplink RLC segments for UEs in the TTI bundling state. When the UlVoipCrosslayer-OptSwitch UlVoipCrosslayer-OptSwitch option is selected, set this parameter to 5. Otherwise, set this parameter to 4.

Activation //Switching on the feature MOD CELLULSCHALGO:LOCALCELLID=0,ULENHENCEDVOIPSCHSW=UlVoipCrosslayerOptSwitch-1,UlVoip RlcMaxSegNum=23;

Activation Observation Trace Trace the RRC_CONN_RECFG message with QCI1 bearer on the Uu interface. Check in the RRC_CONN_RECFG message whether the: drb-ToAddModLis odListt > pdcp-Conf pdcp-Config ig > discardTim discardTimer er  drb-ToAddM mac-MainConfig nfig > ul-SCH-Confi ul-SCH-Config g > maxHARQ-T maxHARQ-Txx  mac-MainCo field is set to the value recommended by Deep Coverage Improvement for VoLTE. VoLTE.

Performance Monitoring  Uplink average packet loss rate in a cell = L.Traffic.UL.PktLoss.Loss.QCI.1/L.Traffic.UL.PktLoss.Tot.QCI.1

L.Traffic.UL.BorderUE.PktLoss.Loss.QCI.1/ raffic.UL.BorderUE.PktLoss.Loss.QCI.1/  Uplink average packet loss rate of CEUs in a cell = L.T L.Traffic.UL.BorderUE.PktLoss.Tot.QCI.1 The voice quality will improve:

•

L.Voice.VQI.UL.Excellent.Times(L.Voice.VQI.AMRWB.UL.Excellent.Times)

•

L.Voice.VQI.UL.Good.Times(L.Voice.VQI.AMRWB.UL.Good.Times)

•

L.Voice.VQI.UL.Accept.Times(L.Voice.VQI.AMRWB.UL.Accept.Times)

•

L.Voice.VQI.UL.Poor. L.Voice.VQI.UL.Poor.Times( Times(L.V L.Voice.VQI.AMRWB.UL oice.VQI.AMRWB.UL.Poor .Poor..Times)

•

L.Voice.VQI.UL.Bad.Times(L.Voice.VQI.AMRWB.UL.Bad.Times)

VoLTE users in poor coverage areas. The poor and the bad VQI ratio will be reduced for VoLTE

Agenda

2.1


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CEU performing video services Long initial buffering delay

Video pause

3dB Bottleneck for Video on UL Coverage Speed Requirement for Video DL Sp Spee eed( d(Mb Mbps ps))

UL Sp Spee eed( d(Kb Kbps ps))

4M 1M

2M 52K

480P

78K

720P

156K

1080P

In UL weak coverage areas at cell edges, long initial video buffering delay and video pauses occur due to limited uplink power, causing significant deterioration in video experience.

~62bytes MAC

RLC

PDCP

IP

TCP

Payload

Timesta TCP mp header

12Bytes

Timestamp is Optional Field, get 19.4% gain.

The combination combination of coverage coverage gain of video TTI TTI Bundling, Bundling, Inter-eNodeB Inter-eNodeB UL CoMP for Video and TCP timestamp removal is around

Description: Description: TTI Bundling Video Packet ACK/NACK RV-0 RV-2 RV-3

Retransmission

ACK/NACK OFF

RV-1

Redundancy size

ON

Normal HARQ RTT Redundancy HARQ RTT

different HARQ redundancy versions is transmitted in  With TTI bundling, the same data block of different four consecutive TTIs, and these TTIs T TIs are processed as one resource unit.  TTI Bundling can reduce retransmissions and the round trip time (RTT), and make full use of the

gains generated by HARQ combination.

Description: UL COMP X2

X2 IP RAN

One-way delay ≤ 10 ms

A

B

Service cell

Collaboration cell

performing video services based on SC with with IPRAN. This function  This function supports UL CoMP for UEs performing takes effect effect only for video service UEs whose uplink power resources are limited in their serving cells.  The implement of this function is similar to that of LOFD-001066 Intra-eNodeB UL CoMP. CoMP.

Description: Timestamp Removal Bit 8

Bit 0

Bit 16

Source port

Bit 24

Bit 31

Destination port

Sequence number

Acknowledgment number

TCP header TCP header length

Flag bit

Checksum

Padding

Fixed 20-byte header

Window size

Urgent pointer

Timestamp

 As defined in RFC1323, a TCP packet contains contains a 12-byte timestamp option.

handshake between UEs and the server, the eNodeB removes timestamps from uplink SYN  During the TCP three-way handshake packets and then sends the packets to the server, ensuring that no timestamps are contained in transmitted data packets.  TCP timestamp removal significantly reduces the size of TCP ACKs and increases TCP ACK transmission efficiency (19.4% for a TCP ACKs) for UEs whose uplink coverage is limited, increasing the download rate of video services.

Feature Dependencies Prerequisite Features Identification: This function is required by the video TTI bundling and inter-eNodeB inter-eNodeB UL CoMP • SC-based Service Identification: for video services services to identify video services. LOFD-001066 1066 Intra-e Intra-eNodeB NodeB UL CoMP & LOFD-070 LOFD-070222 222 Intra-eNo Intra-eNodeB deB UL CoMP Phase Phase II Inter-eNo Inter-eNodeB deB are • LOFD-00 required for UL CoMP for Video Video


Impacted Features VoLTE TTI bundling state and then performs video services, it • LOFD-001048 TTI Bundling: If a UE enters the VoLTE remains in the VoLTE VoLTE TTI bundling state. Check criteria for video TTI bundling are applied only after the VoLTE VoLTE services are released and the UE exits the TTI bundling state. And viceversa.

• LOFD-110221 Initial Acceleration: After the LOFD-110221 Initial Acceleration feature is enabled, TCP packets do not contain timestamps. timestamps. Therefore, TCP timestamp removal does not need to be enabled when the Initial Acceleration feature feature is enabled. enabled.

Network Impact Network performance TCP timestamp removal. 

Increases the throughput of edge UEs performing video services.



The PDCP throughput on the entire network decreases slightly because a TCP packet header size decreases by 12 bytes.

Video TTI bundling. 

This function enhances uplink coverage coverage coverage and can increase MCS indexes in weak uplink coverage areas, reducing the packet loss rate rate and increasing throughput of edge Ues performing video services.

 Inter-eNo Inter-eNodeB deB UL CoMP CoMP for video video services services 

This function reduces the number of retransmissions and reduces the packet loss rate to increase throughput of edge UEs performing video services. Inter-eNo Inter-eNodeB deB transmiss transmission ion bandwidth consumption increases slightly.

When to use t his feature be activated when It is recommended that this 

the coverage is weak (for example, the percentage of uplink scheduling times with MCS 0 selected is greater than 10%),



network load is light (for example, the downlink PRB usage is less than 20%),



and video traffic at cell edges is high (for example, the traffic volume proportion of video services for UEs at the cell edge is greater than 5%).

Video TTI Bundling and inter-eNodeB inter-eNodeB UL CoMP for video video services are are not recommended recommended in the

following scenarios: 

High speed cells or ult ultra-high ra-high speed cells, to avoid increasing air interface signaling load



Cells with a bandwidth of 1.4 MHz, avoiding increasing PRB usage



Scenarios where uplink interference is small

Dependencies Hardware  Video service identification on the main control board is required for video TTI bundling and inter-

eNodeB UL CoMP for video services. Therefore, Therefore, a UMPTa, UMPTa, UMPTb, or UMPTe UMPTe board must must be configured.  The baseband processing unit must be LBBPd, UBBPd, or UBBPe. The RX mode of LBBPd1 and LBBPd2

must be 2R and non-4R, respectively. respectively. inter-eNodeB UL CoMP for video services is enabled, neither UBBPd3 UBBPd3 nor UBBPd4 UBBPd4 can be used  When inter-eNodeB in GL or UL mode.

Dependencies Other  For Video TTI bundling UEs must support.

inter-eNodeB eNodeB UL CoMP for video video services, services, For inter

the precision of time synchronization synchronization between BBUs must be within ±3 us,



the one-way transmission delay between BBUs must be less than or equal to 8 ms,



and no intermodulation interference or PCI conflict exists.

 For details about other requirements, see "Engineering Guidelines for LOFD-081219 Inter-eNodeB Inter-eNodeB

VoLTE VoLTE CoMP" in UL CoMP Feature Parameter Parameter Description.


Description

CellAlgoSwitch.TcpCtrlSwitch

Select th the Ts TstpRemovalSwitch option to to ac activate ti timestampt removal

CellAlgoSwitch.UlSchSwitch

Select th the Tt TtiBundlingForVideoSwitch option.

CellTt CellTtiB iBund undli lingA ngAlg lgo. o.Sin SinrT rThdT hdToT oTri rigV gVid ideo eoTt Ttib ib

SINR SINR Thres Thresho hold ld To Trigg rigger er Video Video TTI Bundl Bundlin ing g

CellAlgoSwitch.UplinkCompSwitch

Select th t he U lC lCompForVideoSwitch option.

CellUlCo CellUlCompAl mpAlgo.U go.UlCom lCompA3O pA3Offse ffsetFor tForRel Relaxe axedBH dBH

configur configure e an A3 offset offset for relax relaxed-b ed-backha ackhaul-ba ul-based sed UL CoMP CoMP..

Activation //Enabling TCP timestamp timestamp removal MOD CELLALGOSWITCH:LocalCellId=0,TcpCtrlSwitch=TstpRemovalSwitch-1;

//Enabling video TTI bundling MOD SCPOLICY:ScAlgoSwitch=SC_SER SCPOLICY:ScAlgoSwitch=SC_SERVICE_IDENTITY_SW-1; VICE_IDENTITY_SW-1; ADD SCAPPPARACFG: AppDnsId=0, AppIdentType=DNS, AppDns="*---sn-*.googlevideo.com", MatchRule=Query, MatchRule=Query, AppName="Y AppName="Youtube outube video"; video"; MOD CELLALGOSWITCH:LocalCellId=0,UlSchSw CELLALGOSWITCH:LocalCellId=0,UlSchSwitch=TtiBundlingForVideoSwitch-1; itch=TtiBundlingForVideoSwitch-1; //Enabling inter-eNodeB UL CoMP for video services MOD SCPOLICY:ScAlgoSwitch=SC_SER SCPOLICY:ScAlgoSwitch=SC_SERVICE_IDENTITY_SW-1; VICE_IDENTITY_SW-1; ADD SCAPPPARACFG: AppDnsId=0, AppIdentType=DNS, AppDns="*---sn-*.googlevideo.com", MatchRule=Query, MatchRule=Query, AppName="Y AppName="Youtube outube video"; video"; MOD CellAlgoSwitch:LocalC CellAlgoSwitch:LocalCellId=0,UplinkCompSwit ellId=0,UplinkCompSwitch=UlCompForVideoSwitch-1; ch=UlCompForVideoSwitch-1;

Activation Observation  TCP timestamp removal. 

Compare the TCP packets captured for video services before and after this function is enabled. Check that timestamps do not exist in the TCP packets on ports 80, 8080, and 443.

 Video TTI bundling. 

Observe Observe the value of the ttiBundling ttiBundling IE in ul-SCH-Confi ul-SCH-Config g of mac-MainCon mac-MainConfig fig in the RRC_CONN_RECF RRC_CONN_RECFG G message message over the Uu interfac interface e



L.Traffic.User.TtiBundling.Avg: Average number of UEs on which TTI bundling takes effect in a cell

Inter-eNodeB eB UL CoMP CoMP for video video services services..  Inter-eNod 

L.ChMeas.ULRelaxedBHCoMP L.ChMeas.ULRelaxedBHCoMP.PRB.Avg: .PRB.Avg: Average number of PRBs scheduled for relaxed-backhaul-based relaxed-backhaul-based UL CoMP CoMP in a cell cell



L.ULCoMP.ULRelax L.ULCoMP.ULRelaxedBHCoMP edBHCoMP.User .User.Avg: .Avg: Average number of UEs selected for whom UL CoMP based on relaxed backhaul backhaul is performed in a cell

Performance Monitoring PDCP-layer downlink After each function provided by this feature is enabled, the total PDCP-layer throughput of video services for UEs far from the cell center increases.  The increase is indicated by the L.Exp.Video. L.Exp.Video.Thrp.bits.DL.Far Thrp.bits.DL.Far counter when the

total throughput throughput of video services ser vices is stable. example, the fluctuation margin of the  When the throughput is unstable (for example, L.Exp.Video. L.Exp.Video.Thrp.bits.DL.All Thrp.bits.DL.All counter value is more than 5%), the increase can be estimated according to to the result of L.Exp.Video. L.Exp.Video.Thrp.bits.DL.Far Thrp.bits.DL.Far divided by L.Exp.Video.Thrp.bits.DL.All.

Agenda

2.1


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Overview UL IC can mainly improve the performance of cell edge users

Throughput

UL

IC can improve the performance performance of cell edge, edge, meanwhile it has no negative impact on network KPI. UL IC can work based on Intra-site 、Inter-site、Coordinated BBU and relaxed backhaul. receiver.. UL IC is able to co-operate with MRC、IRC and CoMP receiver

Benefits For the cell:

For the UE:

Description The procedure is started s tarted when UE1 reports the A3 measurement result to its serving cell in eNB1 UE1: Demodulation and Decoding

Control Information of UE1

1. Cell1 sends sends scheduling scheduling information information of UE1 to cell0 cell0

Optional: Data of UE1 UE 0/1: Demodulation and Decoding

Reconstruct Data of UE1 and interference Cancelling

UE 0: Demodulation and Decoding again

2. Cell0 cancels UE1’s interference from Cell UL receiving signal

UE 0

eNB 0

UE 1

The Procedure of Uplink IC

eNB 1

3. Cell0 retries User0 demodulati d emodulation on or decoding

Feature Dependencies Prerequisite Features • None

Mutually Exclusive Feature • LOFD-001007 High Speed Mobility None • LOFD-001008 Ultra High Speed Mobility None • N/A Frequency Hopping None • N/A Multi-RRU Cell None

Feature Dependencies Impacted Features Turbo Receiver: When UL IC is enabled, the benefited UEs of Turbo Receiver Receiver can be only non-UL• LOFD-120201 Turbo IC benefited UEs.

• LAOFD-080202 Carrier Aggregation for Uplink 2CC: If Carrier Aggregation for Uplink 2CC is enabled, an uplink CA UE cannot be selected as a UL IC interfering UE. LOFD-081219 1219 Inter-eN Inter-eNodeB odeB VoLTE VoLTE CoMP: If Inter Inter-eNod -eNodeB eB VoL VoLTE CoMP is enabled, enabled, an IP IP RAN CoMP UE cannot cannot • LOFD-08 be selected as a UL IC benefited UE. LOFD-001066 1066 Intra-eNo Intra-eNodeB deB UL CoMP: If Intra-eNo Intra-eNodeB deB UL CoMP is enabled, enabled, a UL CoMP UE cannot cannot be selected selected • LOFD-00 as a UL IC benefited UE when the eNodeB with four antennas antennas receives signals. LOFD-070222 0222 IntraIntra-eNode eNodeB B UL CoMP Phase II: If Intra-e Intra-eNodeB NodeB UL CoMP CoMP Phase Phase II is enable enabled, d, a UL CoMP CoMP UE • LOFD-07 cannot be selected as a UL IC benefited benefited UE when the eNodeB with four antennas antennas receives signals. eMTC Introduction: An eMTC UE cannot be selected selected as a UL IC benefited benefited or interfering interfering UE. • MLOFD-121280 eMTC

Network Impact Network performance This feature can 

increase the modulation and coding scheme (MCS) index of UL IC benefited UEs,



decrease the uplink initial block error rate (IBLER),



and increase the uplink cell ce ll coverage.

 When this feature is enabled, the average uplink cell throughput and the average uplink CEU

throughput increase significantly.

When to use It is recommended that this feature be enabled in densely populated urban areas

or urban areas where the inter-site distance is less than 1000m. Recommended nded UL PRB>10% PRB>10%  Recomme  If the traffic is heavy in such scenarios (for example, if the uplink or downlink

PRB usage is greater than 90% or the CCE or CPU usage is greater than 80%), it is recommended that the relevant parameter settings be optimized.  It is recommended that this feature be disabled in suburban and rural areas where

the inter-site distance is greater greater than 1000m.

Dependencies Hardware  UBBPe

Other  For inter-Site IC:



Time synchronization with a deviation less than 3.0 μs must be achieved between BBUs



one-way transmission delay between BBUs be less than 4 ms.

interference. Before enabling this feature, feature, check  The eNodeB cannot eliminate intermodulation interference. whether intermodulation interference interference exists.  When a physical cell identifier (PCI) conflict occurs between two cells, the two cells cannot be

differentiated differentiated using the A3 event. Consequently, Consequently, an incorrect coordinated cell may be selected. Therefore, Therefore, before enabling this feature, check whether a PCI conflict exists


Description

CellAlgoSwitch.UplinkIcSwitch

Select the UlInterSiteIcSwitch option of this parameter for all cells where this feature is to be enabled.

CellUlIcAlgo.UlIcA3Offset

UL IC A3 Offset

Activation //Turning on the UL IC switch MOD CELLALGOSWITCH:LocalCellId=0,UplinkIcSw CELLALGOSWITCH:LocalCellId=0,UplinkIcSwitch=UlInterSiteI itch=UlInterSiteIcSwitch-1 cSwitch-1 ; //(Optional) Modifying the UL IC A3 offset MOD CELLULICALGO:LocalCellId=0,UlIcA3Offset=-20; CELLULICALGO:LocalCellId=0,UlIcA3Offset=-20;

Activation Observation  Run the DSP CELLULICCLUSTER CELLULICCLUSTER command to query the cooperating candidate list of a cell. If the

command output is not empty, UL IC has taken effect.  On the U2000, you can check whether a UE is a UL IC UE by using the real-time user trace function.

If a UE is a UL IC UE, this feature has taken effect If the value of the counter L.ULIC.User.Avg L.ULIC.User.Avg or L.ULIC.RB is not zero, this feature has taken effect. effect.

Performance Monitoring UL IC Users  The gain of UL IC is directly proportional to the number of UL IC Ues

L.ULIC.User.Avg UL IC RB  The proportion of UL IC RBs can be calculated in the formula

L.ULIC.RB/L.ChMeas.PRB.PUSCH.Avg. L.ULIC.RB/L.ChMeas.PRB.PUSCH.Avg. A larger proportion of UL IC RBs results in more uplink throughput gains offered by UL IC. Uplink UE Throughput Uplink Cell Throughput

Agenda

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Before

After

RBG

RBG

allocated

allocated

foruser

foruser

A’sretx

B’stx

Near & CQI fluctucation is low.

Lowe Lo werr ta targ rget et IB IBLE LER R

Far & CQI fluctucation is high.

Highe Hig herr ta targ rget et IB IBLE LER R

TBS_indexnew=TBS_indexold + IncreaseNumbe IncreaseNumber r

• • • •

Burst Traffic DL User Average Throughput Gain:1%~5%; IBLER maybe increase; Hard to observe observe gain gain

• • •

• • DL PRB usage > 50%; • DL User Average Throughput Gain:1%~5%; • Hard to observe observe gain gain •

DL PRB usage > 30%; CPU load load < 55%; DL User Average Throughput Gain:1%~5%; MCS increase; IBLER increase;

Description: PAMC



For every new accessed user, a fixed initial SINR Adjustment is configured, which is more or less in many scenarios and deteriorates the performance of small packet service due to lack of enough data for SINR Adjustment convergence.

Enhanced MCS Mapping

Suitable User Initializing



Clustering users into different groups for each cell.



Based on the online users, we can get the statistic

Combing Gain ，we take the channel quality and

characteristics (e.g. SINR Adjustment) through adaptive

fluctuation and RB Number into consideration, an

learning method, which can provide a better initial value for

enhanced MCS mapping scheme is proposed

new users



Making full use of Receiver performance and HARQ


Mutually Exclusive Feature • LBFD-00101502 Dynamic Scheduling: UL target IBLER adaptation in the Dynamic Scheduling feature and PAMC in the eRAN12.1 Introduction Package feature cannot be enabled simultaneously. simultaneously.

Impacted Features • None

Network Impact Network performance PAMC function causes UL IBLER to increase by 0% –40%  It improves user-perceived UL throughput.

2~5%

5 ~15 %

Dependencies Hardware  LBBPd\UBBPd\UBBPe

Other  PAMC does not apply to UEs with any of the following attributes:



TTI bundling, VoLTE, VoLTE, UL interference cancellation (IC), and push to talk (PTT).

 PAMC does not take effect effect in cells whose Cell.UlCyclicPrefix is set to EXTENDED_CP(Extended).


Description

CellAlgoSwitch.UlSchExtSwitch

UlPAMCSwitch(UlPAMCSwitch) for PAMC activation

When to use  You are advised to select the UlPAMCSwitch UlPAMCSwitch option of this parameter if:



the average UL MCS index is less than 15: 15 :



and the MCSs with indexes smaller than 10 are selected on more than 10% occasions of UL scheduling.

Activation //Enabling the PAMC PAMC function MOD CELLALGOSWITCH:LocalCellId=0,UlSchExtS CELLALGOSWITCH:LocalCellId=0,UlSchExtSwitch=UlP witch=UlPAMCSwitch-1; AMCSwitch-1;

Performance Performance Monitoring MCS

IBLER

(L.ChMeas.PUSCH.MCS.0*0+L.ChMeas.PUSCH.MCS.1*1+…+L.ChMeas.PUSCH

.MCS.28*28)/sum(L.ChMeas.PUSCH.MCS.0...L.ChMeas.PUSCH.MCS.28)

Increase

("L.Traffic.UL.SCH.QPSK ("L.Traffic.UL.SCH.QPSK.ErrTB.Ibler"+"L.T .ErrTB.Ibler"+"L.Traffic.UL.SCH.16QAM.ErrTB.Ibler"+" raffic.UL.SCH.16QAM.ErrTB.Ibler"+" L.Traffic.U L.Traffic.UL.SCH.64QAM.ErrTB.Ibler")/("L.T L.SCH.64QAM.ErrTB.Ibler")/("L.Traffic.UL.SCH.QPSK. raffic.UL.SCH.QPSK.TB"+"L.T TB"+"L.Traffic.U raffic.U

Increase

L.SCH.16QAM.TB"+"L.Traffic.UL.SCH.64QAM.TB")*"100“

Cell throughput

"L.Thrp.bits.UL" "L.Thrp.bits.UL" / "L.Thrp. "L.Thrp.Time.Cell.UL.HighPrecision Time.Cell.UL.HighPrecision“

Increase

User throughput

("L.Thrp.bits.UL" ("L.Thrp.bits.UL" - "L.Thrp.bits.UE.UL.SmallPkt") "L.Thrp.bits.UE.UL.SmallPkt") / "L.Thrp.Time.UE.UL.RmvSmallPkt"

Increase

Agenda

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Description 2. The eNodeB determines whether the UE is in an LTE LTE weak-coverage area. If the UE is in an LTE LTE weak-coverage area, the eNodeB rejects to establish the VoL VoLTE TE call.

3a. The CN sends an SIP 380/500/503 message to the calling UE. 3b. The CN sends a CS Paging Notification message to the called UE.

1. A UE originates a VoLTE call.

LTE 4. The UE falls back to GERAN or

UTRAN.

GERAN/UTRAN For VoLTE UEs in LTE weak-coverage areas, VoLTE bearer setup is rejected and CSFB is triggered.

Description A UE is performing a VoLTE call. The UE moves.

•

SRVCC refers to single radio voice call continuity.

•

aSRVCC refers to SRVCC in alerting phase.

•

bSRVCC refers to SRVCC before alerting.

•

eSRVCC refers to enhanced SRVCC.

eSRVCC is triggered.

When a UE initiates a VoLTE call in an LTE weak-coverage area: • Initiating the call may fail due to the large probability of packet loss A UE initiates a VoLTE call. aSRVCC/bSRVCC is triggered.

and retransmissions retransmissions of VoLTE SIP signaling messages. • SRVCC may be triggered if the VoLTE call is successfully initiated. − If a UE is in the alerting status, aSRVCC aSRVCC is triggered. triggered. If the UE

does not support aSRVCC, call drop occurs. − If a UE has not entered the alerting status, bSRVCC bSRVCC is triggered. triggered.

If the UE does not support bSRVCC, call drop occurs.

Data-service handover threshold/Idle-mode reselection threshold

The eNodeB eNodeB determines determines that the UE is in a weakcoverage area if the following conditions are met: 

PathLoss PathL oss > CellHoParaCfg.UlPoorCoverPathLossThd



SINR < CellHoParaCfg.UlPoorCoverSinrThd

The VoLTE VoLTE Coverage-based Coverage-based CSFB feature feature can be enabled or disabled for specified UE types by configuring a whitelist and a blacklist

Feature Dependencies Prerequisite Features • LOFD-001033 CS Fallback to UTRAN • LOFD-001034 CS Fallback to GERAN The VoLTE VoLTE Coverage-based CSFB feature requires requires either of these features

• LBFD-081103 Terminal Awareness Differentiation: The UE whitelist and blacklist function requires Terminal Awareness Differentiation. Differentiation.



Network Impact Network performance VoLTE calls in weak-coverage areas areas fall back to the CS domain to process voice services. UEs initiating VoLTE This prevents prevents call drops caused by by bSRVCC and aSRVCC when the UE or core network network does not support bSRVCC and aSRVCC, thereby reducing reducing the call drop rate and improving improving voice user experience.  QCI 1 bearer setup requests from weak-coverage areas are rejected, decreasing the QCI 1 bearer setup

success rate.

When to use It is recommended that this feature be activated in the same scenarios as TTI bundling: 

The number of voice users exceeds a threshold (5%)






The proportion of uplink path loss greater greater than 135 dBm exceeds a threshold threshold (5%)



The coverage is weak (for example, the percentage of uplink scheduling times with MCS 0 selected is greater than 10%),



The uplink voice packet loss rate exceeds a threshold (0.2%)



CSFB successful successful rate>99% rate>99%

Not recommended: 

High speed cells or ultra-high speed cells



Cells with a bandwidth of 1.4 MHz, avoiding increasing PRB usage

Dependencies  The VoLTE VoLTE Coverage-based Coverage-based CSFB feature feature requires the cooperation cooperation between Huawei eNodeB and IMS.  UEs must be able to perform CSFB after receiving an SIP 500/380/503 message.

Necessary Support Support from from IMS and EPC  Necessary

•

IMS: After After receiving the message for rejecting the setup of the VoLTE-service oLTE-service bearer, the IMS sends an SIP 380/500/503 380/500/503 to calling UE and sends invite message to MSC for called call .

•

EPC: After receiving the invite message MSC send a CS Paging Notification message to the called UE.

•

Reference Reference TS 23.237 v14.1.0 /TS 23.228 v14.1.0 / TS24.229 v14.2.0


Description

CellHoParaCfg.FlashSrvccSwitch

This parameter specifies whether to enable VoLTE Coverage-based CSFB.

CellHoParaCfg.UlPoorCoverPathLossThd

This parameter specifies the path loss threshold for uplin k weak-coverage identification in VoLTE VoLTE Coverage-based CSFB.

CellHoParaCfg.UlPoorCoverSinrThd

This parameter specifies the SINR threshold for uplink weak-coverage identification in VoLTE VoLTE Coverage-based CSFB.

UeCompat.WhiteLstCtrlSwitch

The FLASH_SRVCC_SWITCH_ON( Flash SRVCC Switch On) option specifies whether to enable VoL VoLTE TE Coveragebased Coveragebased CSFB for UEs in the whitelist. whitelist.

UeCompat.BlkLstCtrlSwitch

The FLASH_SRVCC_SWITCH_OFF(FLASH_SRVCC_SWITCH_OFF) option specifies whether to disable VoLTE VoLTE Coverage-based CSFB for UEs in the blacklist.

Activation //Activating feature feature MOD CELLHOPARACFG: CELLHOPARACFG: LocalCellId=0, FlashSrvccSwitch=ON, UlPoorCoverPathLossThd=125, UlPoorCoverSinrThd=0;

//Configuring //Configuring Black-White list MOD UECOMPAT: Index=1, UeInfoType=IMEISV_TAC, ImeisvTac=2,BlkLstCtrlSwitch=FLASH_SRVCC_SWITCH_OFF-1, WhiteLstCtrlSwitch=FLASH_SRVCC_SWITCH_ON-0;

Activation Observation Message for requesting QCI 1 bearer setup Message for rejecti Message rejecting ng to set up the QCI 1 bearer due to unavailable radio resources

Message for triggering triggering a CSFB for the UE

Counter

Description

L.E-RAB.FailEst.PoolCover.VoIP

Number of setup failures of E-RABs for VoLTE services due to weak coverage

Performance Monitoring Voice QoS and Voice Voice Quality KPIs Voice COUNTER VoLTE VoLTE call drop rate

FORMUL A L.E-RAB.AbnormRel.QCI.1 / (L.E-RAB.AbnormRel.QCI.1+L (L.E-RAB.AbnormRel.QCI.1+L.E.ERAB.NormRel.QCI.1+L.IRATHO.SRVC RAB.NormRel.QCI.1+L.IRA THO.SRVCC.E2W C.E2W.ExecSuccOut .ExecSuccOut + L.IRATHO.SRVCC.E2G.E L.IRATHO.SRVCC.E2G.ExecSuccOutxecSuccOutL.IRATHO.SRVCC.E2W L.IRATHO.SRVCC.E2W.MMEAbnormRsp-L.IRATHO .MMEAbnormRsp-L.IRATHO.SRVCC.E2G .SRVCC.E2G.MMEAbnormRsp .MMEAbnormRsp

VoLTE TE experience has been improved by Additionally you can also monitor whether VoL this feature by viewing following counters. The counter values decrease after the VoLTE oLTE Coverage-based Coverage-based CSFB feature feature is enabled. Counter

Description

L.IR L.IRA ATHO. THO.SR SRVC VCC. C.E2 E2G. G.Pr Prep epA AttOu ttOutt

Numb Number er of inte interr-RA RAT T hand handov over er atte attemp mpts ts from from EUTR EUTRAN AN to GERA GERAN N for for SRVC SRVCC C

L.IRATHO.SRVCC.E2W.PrepAttOut

Number of inter-RAT inter-RAT handover attempts from EUTRAN to WCDMA network for SRVCC

Agenda

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This feature improves the PUSCH demodulation performance

receiver, the turbo receiver is characterized by iterativ i terative e channel  Compared with a common linear receiver, estimation and iterative equalization.  The iteration process improves channel estimation quality and reduces inter-symbol interference interference  In the scenarios of weak interference interference in the uplink, no other IC method is employed to effectively

improve the uplink reception quality.

Benefits  Benefits offered to UEs  This feature takes effect for UEs whose instantaneous modulation and coding scheme (MCS) indexes

are smaller than 9.  The uplink throughput of a UE increases by about 3% to 25% if the following conditions are met: 

The UE is in a weak coverage area.



The average MCS index is smaller than or equal to 5.



The average number of scheduled resource blocks (RBs) is smaller than or equal to 25.

 Benefits offered to cells 

The average uplink throughput in weak coverage areas increases by about 3% to 20%.

 This feature cannot offer obvious gains gains or any gains if either of the following conditions is met: 

Propagation conditions are good, or the limitation is in the downlink


Mutually Exclusive Feature • Uplink intrasubframe frequency hopping

Impacted Features LOFD-081219 1219 Inter-eNode Inter-eNodeB B VoLTE VoLTE CoMP & LOFD-12 LOFD-120202 0202 Intra-eNodeB Intra-eNodeB and Inter-eNode Inter-eNodeB B Uplink Uplink Interferenc Interference e • LOFD-08 Cancellation: When one of these features and the turbo receiver are enabled simultaneously, simultaneously, the feature is chosen preferentially and therefore and fewer UEs can benefit from the turbo receiver. LOFD-001066 1066 Intra-eNo Intra-eNodeB deB UL CoMP & LOFD-07022 LOFD-070222 2 Intra-eNodeB Intra-eNodeB UL CoMP Phase Phase II & LOFD-07 LOFD-070223 0223 UL • LOFD-00 CoMP based on Coordinated Coordinated eNodeB: When one of these features and the turbo receiver receiver are enabled simultaneously simultaneously,, UEs can benefit from the two features but the gains offered by the turbo receiver are lowered. However, • LOFD-001048 TTI Bundling The turbo receiver and TTI bundling can be both enabled in the same cell. However, they cannot take effect simultaneously for a UE. TTI bundling takes precedence

Network Impact System Capacity areas. This feature increases the uplink throughput of UEs in weak coverage areas.

Network Performance This feature improves improves the PUSCH demodulation performance, reduces the number of service drops,

access failures, and handover failures caused by PUSCH demodulation failures, and improves service quality for UEs in weak coverage areas. keying (QPSK) is used in the uplink, there may be some decrease in the initial  If quadrature phase shift keying block error rate rate (IBLER), residual block error rate (RBLER), and proportion proportion of Ues for which small MCS indexes are selected.

When to use Therefore, this feature is This feature is applicable when there are many UEs in weak coverage areas. Therefore, recommended in a cell where UEs with MCS indexes ranging from from 0 to 5 account for over 20% of UEs in the cell.  Cells with regions of weak uplink coverage, coverage, such as inside buildings  Cells with large inter-site distance Cells with large interference, interference, especially for cases with interference interference from non-LTE non-LTE system

Dependencies Hardware UBBPe


Description

CellAlgoSwitch.TurboReceiverSwitch

Turbo Receiver Switch

Activation //Turning //Turning on the turbo receiver receiver switch MOD CELLALGOSWITCH:LocalCellId=0, CELLALGOSWITCH:LocalCellId=0,TurboReceive TurboReceiverSwitch=ON; rSwitch=ON;

Activation Observation

Performance Monitoring Different Path-Loss Areas  Uplink Cell Throughput in Different 

After this feature is activated, the uplink throughout t hroughout will increase in high-path-loss areas (for example, areas indicated by PL10 to PL14) (>24h observation) Uplink cell throughput throughput in the path-loss area indicated by PLn =(L.Thrp.bits.UE.UL.PLn =(L.Thrp.bits.UE.UL.PLn - L.Thrp.bits.UE.UL.SmallPkt.PLn) L.Thrp.bits.UE.UL.SmallPkt.PLn) /L.Thrp.Time.UE.UL.RmvSmal /L.Thrp.Time.UE.UL.RmvSmallPkt.PLn lPkt.PLn

 Uplink MCS Distribution 

After this feature is activated, there will be a decrease in the number of times smaller MCS indexes are selected during scheduling and there will be an increase in the number of times larger MCS indexes (>24h observation) L.ChMeas.PUSCH.MCS.0 to L.ChMeas.PUSCH.MCS.28

 Uplink BLERs in QPSK Mode  After this feature is activated, the uplink IBLER or RBLER in QPSK mode may decrease Uplink IBLER in QPSK mode = L.Traffic.UL.SCH.QPSK.ErrTB.Ibler L.Traffic.UL.SCH.QPSK.ErrTB.Ibler / L.Traffic.UL.SCH.QPSK. L.Traffic.UL.SCH.QPSK.TB TB Uplink RBLER in QPSK mode = L.Traffic.UL.SCH.QPSK.ErrTB.Rbler L.Traffic.UL.SCH.QPSK.ErrTB.Rbler / L.Traffic.UL.SCH.QPSK. L.Traffic.UL.SCH.QPSK.TB TB

Agenda

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Clock synchronization solutions supported by RAN devices: Synchronization Type

Network synchronization synchronization

Absolute clock synchronization

Clock Source

Synchronization Mode

Synch ynchro rono nous us Ethe Ethern rnet et (Sy (SyncE) ncE)

Freq Freque uenc ncy y sync synchr hron oniz izat atio ion n

1588v2

Frequency synchronization and time synchronization

NodeB, eNodeB, eNodeB, BTS, and micro base stations

1588v2 ATR

Time synchronization

ITU-T G.8265.1

Frequency synchronization

Private IP IP clock


NodeB, eNodeB, and BTS NodeB, eNodeB, eNodeB, BTS, and micro base stations NodeB, eNodeB, and BTS

Line clock


NodeB, eNodeB, BTS, BSC, and RNC

ITU-T G.8275.1


eNodeB, BTS, and micro ba b ase stations

ITU-T G.8275.2


eNodeB, BTS, and micro ba b ase stations

1588+SynE backup Building integrated timing supply (BITS) 8 KHz TOD+1PPS GLONASS BeiDou


eNodeB

GPS

Air interface synchronization synchronization and other synchronization solutions

SyncE+Air SyncE+Air interface soft synchronization Inter-site Sniffer

NE NodeB, eNodeB, BTS, and micro base stations

Freq Freque uenc ncy y sync synchr hron oniz izat atio ion n

Node NodeB, B, eNod eNodeB eB,, BTS BTS,, BSC BSC,, and and RNC RNC

Frequency synchronization Time synchronization Time synchronization Time synchronization

RNC and BSC eNodeB eNodeB LTE TDD

Time synchronization and frequency synchronization

NodeB, eNodeB, BTS, BSC, RNC, and micro base stations stations

T im im e s yn ync hr hr on on iz iza titi on on

e No Nod eB eB, BT BT S, S, an an d m ic ic ro ro b as as e st st at at io io ns ns


LTE TDD micro ba base stations

Peer clock

Frequency synchronization and time synchronization

Cloud BB internal clock


NodeB, eNodeB, and BTS NodeB and eNodeB

Clock Synchronization Process Between Master and Slave Ends › The transmission delay between the master and slave ends is

ΔT

(Time offset)

measured using the timestamps carried in the Sync and Delay_req messages. Timestamps

Sync message

t2 = t1 + delay1 + offset t4 = t3 + delay2 delay2 - offset

Delay 1 t1, t2

t1, t2, t3

› If Delay1= Delay2, then Delay1 Dela y1 = Delay2 Delay2 = [(t2 - t1) + (t4 - t3)]/ t3)]/2 2

› If the transmission delay is obtained, the time offset between the

Delay 2

master and slave ends is calculated as follows:

Delay_Req message

Offset Offs et = [(t2 - t1) – (t4 - t3)]/ t3)]/2 2 Delay_Resp message

compensating for the offset, the slave slave end synchronizes synchronizes with › After compensating the master end. t1, t2, t3, t4

Description: 1588v2 Port status at the master end

Port status at the slave end

Passive port status

External synchronization interface

Phase trail path

Ethernet 1PPS+TOD

BC BC

BC

BC

E1 BC

BC BC

Device

Time Difference Introduced

A

Base station ≤ ±150 ns

B

Transmissio ≤ ±1000 ns n network

C

Clock server ≤ ≤ ±100 ns



BC

E2 BC

As shown in the preceding figure, the base station synchronizes only with the directly connected IEEE 1588v2 BC.



The total time difference is less than ±1.5 us. The figure on the left lists the time difference introduced at each hop (A, B, and C).



If the time difference at each hop meets the requirements, the IEEE 1588v2based time synchronization solution can be adopted.

All the transmission devices between the clock server (OC GM) and the base station must support IEEE 1588v2 BC. A transmission device supporting IEEE 1588v2 can meet the time difference requirement (±1.5 us) in the table.

Description: 1588v2 ATR IEEE 1588v2 adaptive time recovery (ATR) networking

IEEE 1588v2 master end

Base station Bearer network

Base station

Both the clock server and base station must support IEEE I EEE 1588v2 but the transmission devices between between them do not have to.





Application scenario: ATR can only be used to perform time synchronization for LTE FDD in the current version. Key factors affecting synchronization accuracy: network packet delay variation (PDV), traffic load and packet size, intermediate transmission transmission device type, or number of transmission transmission device hops

PDV (Packet delay variation) 





A PS network is characterized by PDV PDV noise floor and its minimum delay is fixed. fixed. A1 indicates the time time precision (1.5 us) required required for ATR. Collect numerous delay values within a fixed period and filter out the PDV by finding the minimum delay value. The value of A1 determines the time precision required for synchronization. If the value of A1 varies greatly, the status and precision for time synchronization cannot be ensured. A1

A2

Number of packets

Depending on the algorithm

0

Delay time Minimum Minimum packet packet delay



Packet delay variation

IEEE 1588v2 ATR first collects a large amount of delay data in a fixed period, then calculates the minimum delay to filter out the PDV, and finally calculates the synchronization offset.

Factors Affecting PDV PDV is key to the precision of IEEE 1588v2 ATR. The ratio of PDV noise floor delay less than 1.5 us must exceed 10% within 100s to meet the synchronization precision requirement. The key factors are as follows: •

Transmission Transmission device type

•

Number of transmission devices between the IP clock and the base station

•

Duration of background traffic exceeding 80% should be less than 100s.

Recommended Devices and Hops

Transmission Transmission equipments equipments & Hops suggested suggested <=4 <= 4 hops switch; <=2 <= 2 Hops Router; <=3 <= 3 Hops MicroWave; <=3 <= 3 Hops mix of Switch&RT&MW; Not support DSL/PON and MSTP etc.

Dependencies Hardware  Only the UMPT, UMPT, LMPT, LMPT, or UTRPc board can be used.

Activation //Configure the Clock Mode as “MANUAL” in the eNB SET CLKMODE: MODE=MANUAL, CLKSRC=IPCLK, SYNMODE=OFF; //Configure the Clock Synchronization Mode as “TIME” SET CLKSYNCMODE: CLKSYNCMODE=TIME; CLKSYNCMODE=TIME; //Configure the IP Clock Link as “PTP” and the protocol profile as “G.8275.2” ADD IPCLKLINK: LN=0, ICPT=PTP, CNM=UNICAST, IPMODE=IPV4, CIP="1.1.1.1", SIP="2.2.2.2", DELAYTYPE=E2E, PROFILETYPE=G.8275.2; //Configure the ATR Switch as “ON” SET IPCLKALGO: ATRSW=ON;

Activation Monitoring  Run the DSP IPCLKALGO command to check whether the ATR switch has been turned on.  Run the DSP CLKSTA CLKSTAT command to check the clock status. If the clock is locked, its status is normal.

Activation Monitoring PDV measurement: In the navigation tree, choose Monitor > Common Monitoring. Double-click IP

Clock Data Collection Monitoring

 Clock Quality test: In the navigation tree, choose Monitor > Common Monitoring. Double-click Clock

Quality Test Monitoring.

Agenda

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

Concepts 

In IPsec networking, a direct IPsec tunnel is established over the X2 interface between two eNodeBs, without the need of deploying a SeGW. IPsec tunnel with SeGW Direct IPsec tunnel X2 flows in IPsec tunnel with SeGW X2 flows in Direct IPsec

eNodeB Router Switch

Router

eNodeB Router

IP network

Router

IP network Router Router

eNodeB 

Switch

Router

EPC

SeGW

Router

Background 

Traditional X2 interfaces mainly carry handover-related traffic and neighboring cell measurement messages, which feature small bandwidth and low requirements for transmission delay.



IP RAN inter-site coordination-based services, such as CA, CoMP, and CSPC, occur, requiring large bandwidth and low transmission delay.

SRAN12.1 X2/eX2 Changes

eX2 Self-Management Feature Parameter Parameter Description

“In non-ideal backhaul mode, coordination services are carried over an X2 interface

if the GlobalProcSwitch.ItfTypeForNonIdealModeServ parameter is set to X2. If this parameter parameter is set to eX2, coordination services are carried over an eX2 interface in non-ideal backhaul mode .” Plan Plan to move move all eX2 func functio tional naliti ities es to X2. X2. eX2 will will be disco disconti ntinnu nnued ed in the the future future..

X2_CP： For X2AP signaling like X2 interface setup signal, the delay less than 20ms. X2_UP： For CA/CSPC/UL CoMP services’ data, data, The delay must less less than 8ms in SRAN12.1. mode2: both UP and CP are in direct IPSEC IPSEC

mode1 : Only UP is in direct IPSEC

X2-UP and X2-CP’s X2-CP’s direct IPSEC

X2-UP’s X2-UP’s direct IPSEC

eNB1

eNB1 GW

GW

SecG W

SecG W

X2-CP’s X2-CP’s IPSEC(can sharing with S1)

eNB2

eNB2

X2_UP: • eNB can auto configure the direct IPSEC X2_CP: •IPSEC should be manually configured, it can sharing with S1. Benefits & Drawback: •Saving almost half of the IPSEC specification •X2_CP ‘s IPSEC should be configured. •The IPSEC specification can meet the specification requirement

X2_UP & X2_CP: • eNB can auto configured configured the direct IPSEC Benefits & Drawback: •X2_UP and X2_CP’s IPSEC are both auto configured configured . •IPSEC specification requirement is higher. •The IPSEC specification can’t meet the specification requirement.

It is recommended to mode1, because X2_CP in direct IPSEC isn’t necessary.

Specifications Board

X2 interfaces

eX2 interfaces

Direct IP I PSEC X2

Direct IP I PSEC eX2

LMPT

96

32

48

None

UMPTa/UMPTb

256

96

264

None

UMPte

384

96

392

None

It is recommended that Direct IPsec be used only on the X2 user plane because the X2 control plane has low requirements on delay and requires small bandwidth and the IPsec specifications cannot meet the need.

Feature Dependencies • LOFD-003009 IPSec • LOFD-002004 Self Configuration

Network Impact Network Performance Compared with IPsec tunnels to the SeGW, X2 interfaces with direct IPsec tunnels

effectively effectively reduce transmission path alternations of X2 interfaces, decrease the X2 interface latency, and reduce the bandwidth consumption of the transport network.

System Capacity The CPU usage increases by at most 5% due to the increase in the number of

IPsec tunnels, compared compared with when SeGWs are deployed to to establish IPsec tunnels.


Description UP: the security peer IP address acts as the IP address for the IKE peer of the X2-U interface. interface. Direct IPSec tunnel is set up for the user plane, plane, and an IPSec tunnel must be set up between the X2-U interface and SeGW by manually configuring all IPSec-related IPSec-related MOs.

GlobalProcSwitch.X2SonSecMode

CP_UP: the security peer IP address acts as the IP address for the IKE peer of the X2 -C and X2-U interfaces. Direct Direct IPSec tunnels are automatic automatically ally set up for the control and user planes, and direct IPSec is deployed for X2-C and X2-U interfaces, with the SECURITYHOST MOs being the same. SECURITYTEMPLATE.SEGWSWITCH

DISABLE

SECURITYHOST.SEGWSWITCH

DISABLE

SCTPHOST.SIGIP1SECSWITCH

DISABLE DISABLE for UP ENABLE for for CP_UP

USERPLANEHOST.IPSECSWITCH

ENABLE

GlobalProcSwitch.ItfT GlobalProcSwitch.ItfTypeForNonIdea ypeForNonIdealModeServ lModeServ

Service Coord Interface Interface in Non-ideal TX mode: “X2” or “eX2”

Activation 1.Turn on the switch GlobalProcSwitch. GlobalProcSwitch. X2S X2S onS etupS witch wi tch 2. Configure the parameter GlobalProcSwitch.X2SonSecMode to UP 3. Transmission should use End-Point: When ADD USERPLANEHOST, USERPLANEHOST, the parameter USERPLANEHOST. USERPLANEHOST.IPSECSWITCH should be configured to ENABLE In addition, Direct IPSec IPSec has no effect to S1, through it can share Userplane.host. Userplane.host.

“When direct IPSec is deployed for the user plane plane of the X2 interface, the S1 interface can share interface” USERPLANEHOST with this X2 interface”

Activation Observation 1. Sele Select ct the the eNo eNode deB B to be obs obser erve ved. d. 2. Run the the DSP IPSEC IPSECSA SA comman command. d. If the the value value of Desti Destinati nation on IP in in the command output is the IP address of the peer eNodeB instead of the SeGW, SeGW, Direct IPsec is used.

Agenda

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Contention-based random access : Random access preambles are generated by UEs, and conflicts  Contention-based may exist among these preambles. preambles. The eNodeB uses a contention resolution resolution mechanism to handle such conflicts.

Non-contention-based random access: Random access preambles are allocated a llocated by the eNodeB,  Non-contention-based and each preamble is dedicated to only one UE. Therefore, there is no preamble conflict.

Contention-based

Non-contention-based

Description: Detection of Contention-based Random Access Beyond Cell Radius UE cannot detect Msg2，RA failed

eNB detect preambleID=1

UE t detect preambleID=2 in Msg2 ,and UE send msg3


Blue area ：cell coverage area (set by RF )

Before

Yellow area ：cell radius area (set by parameter )

Now

Description: Detection of Contention-based Random Access Beyond Cell Radius a s follows: The detection procedure is as 1.

An eNodeB eNodeB receives receives a random random preamble preamble that that is a retransmis retransmission sion preamble, preamble, and detects detects the preamble index of N but not the preamble index of N+1.

2.

The eNode eNodeB B deliv deliver erss two RAR RAR messag messages, es, which which carr carry y preamb preamble le index indexes es N and N+1, N+1, respectively, to a UE.

3.

The eNode eNodeB B receiv receives es an RRC RRC conne connectio ction n estab establis lishme hment nt reque request st from from the UE. UE.

4.

If the RAR message message for for this this reques requestt carries carries the the preamble preamble index index of N+1, the eNodeB eNodeB determines that the UE is beyond the cell radius.

5.

The eNode eNodeB B stops stops the the random random access access pro proced cedur ure e and measur measures es the access access-r -rela elated ted performance counters. counters.

controlled by the ExceedRadiusRaDetectionSw ExceedRadiusRaDetectionSw check box under the This function is controlled CellAlgoSwitch.RachAlgoSwitch CellAlgoSwitch.RachAlgoSwit ch parameter

Description: Detection of Contention-based Random Access Beyond Cell Radius

UE cannot detect Msg2, RA failed


UE t detect preambleID=2 in Msg2 ,and UE send msg3


Blue area ：cell coverage erea (set by RF )

Before

Yellow area ：cell radius area (set by parameter parameter )

Now

Description: Optimization of non-contention-based random access beyond cell radius optimized procedure, if an eNodeB receives a dedicated random random preamble that is a During the optimized retransmission preamble, and the following conditions are met: 

The eNodeB detects that the index of the preamble preamble is N but not N+1.



The eNodeB allocates preamble N+1 N+1 to a UE but but not preamble N.

 Then the eNodeB delivers the RAR message message that carries the preamble index of N+1 to the UE. This function is controlled controlled by the NonContRaOptSwitch NonContRaOptSwitch check box under the

CellAlgoSwitch.RachAlgoSwitch CellAlgoSwitch.RachAlgoSwit ch parameter. parameter.



Impacted Features • LOFD-003029 SFN • LOFD-001007 High Speed Mobility • LOFD-001008 Ultra High Speed Mobility These functions are mutually exclusive with the detection of contention-based contention-based random access beyond cell radius and the optimization of non-contention based random access beyond cell radius.

Network Impact System capacity Detection of contention-based random access beyond cell radius 

This function increases the overheads of PDSCH, PUSCH, and PDCCH resources and slightly decreases the uplink and downlink data rates.

Network Performance  Detection of contention-based random access beyond cell radius



This function increases the number of times that preamble messages are received in a cell and decreases the random access success rate.

 Optimization of non-contention-based random access beyond cell radius



This function increases the non-contention-based random access success rate.

When to use Detection of Contention-based Random Access Beyond Cell Radius 

It is recommended that this function be enabled during off-peak hours when the contentionbased random access success rate in a cell is lower than expected so that the number of random access failures of UEs beyond the cell radius can be measured.



This function is supported only by low-speed cells but not by SFN cells or high-speed cells.

 Optimization of Non-Contention-based Random Access Beyond Cell Radius: 

It is recommended that this function be enabled when the non-contention-based random random access success rate in a cell is lower than expected.



This function is supported only by low-speed cells but not by SFN cells or high-speed cells.



Overlap scenario with non-contention-based load<90%

Dependencies Hardware  Not supported supported by the LBBPc LBBPc board. board.

Parameters Detection of Contention-based Random Access Beyond Cell Radius

Parameters

Description

CellAlgoSwitch.RachAlgoSwitch

Select the ExceedRadiusRaDetectionSw check box under this parameter.

 Optimization of Non-Contention-based Random Access Beyond Cell Radius

Parameters

Description

CellAlgoSwitch.RachAlgoSwitch

Select the NonContRaOptSwitch check box under this parameter.

Activation //Activating detection detection of contention-based random access beyond cell radius MOD CELLALGOSWITCH:LocalCellId=0,RachAlgoS CELLALGOSWITCH:LocalCellId=0,RachAlgoSwitch= witch= ExceedRadiusRaDetectionSw-1; ExceedRadiusRaDetectionSw-1;

//Activating //Activating optimization optimization of non-contention-based non-contention-based random random access beyond beyond cell radius MOD CELLALGOSWITCH:LocalCellId=0,RachAlgoS CELLALGOSWITCH:LocalCellId=0,RachAlgoSwitch= witch= NonContRaOptSwitch-1; NonContRaOptSwitch-1;


Performance Monitoring

Function

Description

Counter

Detection of contentionbased Random access beyond cell radius

Number of contentio contentionbased nbased exceedingexceedingcellradius cellradius Accesses Accesses

L.RA.ExceedRadiusContention.Access.Num

Optimization of noncontention contentionbased based random random access beyond cell radius

Noncontentionbased random access success rate

L.RA.Dedicate.Msg3Rcv/L.RA.Dedicate.Att

Agenda

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eRAN8.1



DL 2CC (one-way delay ≤4ms)

eRAN12.1

eRAN11.1




eX2

eNodeB 1






UL 2CC (new, one-way delay ≤4ms)

One-way delay shall be smaller than 4ms

eNodeB 2

Description  PCell  The

and SCell, located at different BBU, can work simultaneously for a UE’s uplink transmission.

data aggregation happens on PCell.

 Data

transmission between BBU is via.eX2 interface (Huawei private). PCell PCell and SCell’s data is aggregated aggregated at PCell and sent to upper layer.

S1

SCell transfer data to PCell for aggregation.

SGW

eX2

PCell

SCell

Carrier Management Inter-eNodeB UL CA and intra-eNodeB intra-eNodeB UL CA has the same mechanism on the following aspects: 

SCell config/deconfig based on measurement/blind, SCell activation and deactivation, deactivation, Traffic-based Traffic-based SCell configuration and activation, Relation with TTI Bundling

Feature Dependencies Prerequisite Features • LAOFD-001001 LTE-A Introduction: Aggregation for Downlink 2CC in 40MHz: This feature is required if the • (Optional) LAOFD-001002 Carrier Aggregation largest total bandwidth of two carriers among all CCs is greater than 20 MHz but not greater than 40 MHz. Aggregation for Downlink 3CC in 40MHz: This feature is required if the • (Optional) LAOFD-080207 Carrier Aggregation largest total bandwidth of three carriers among all CCs does not exceed 40 MHz. Carrier Aggregation for Downlink Downlink 3CC in 60MHz: This feature is required if the • (Optional) LAOFD-080208 Carrier largest total bandwidth of three carriers carriers among all CCs is greater than 40 MHz but not greater than 60 MHz. Aggregation for Downlink 4CC and 5CC This feature is required if four or five • (Optional) LEOFD-110303 Carrier Aggregation CCs are involved. Carrier Aggregation for Uplink Uplink 2CC: This feature is required if inter-eNodeB inter-eNodeB uplink CA • (Optional) LAOFD-080202 Carrier is to be used.

Mutually Exclusive Features

Impacted Features

Dependencies Hardware  Cells on on LBBPc LBBPc boards boards cannot cannot act as PCells PCells in this featur feature e or as SCells SCells in inter-eN inter-eNodeB odeB uplink CA. CA.

BTS3203Es cannot act as PCells in this feature feature or as SCells SCells in interCells served by BTS3202Es or BTS3203Es eNodeB eNodeB uplink CA.  If the LMPT is used as the main control control board, at most seven seven inter-eNodeB BBPs can be

interconnected interconnected because the transport resource group bandwidth of the LMPT is limited.  If the total bandwidth of five aggregated carriers carriers is 100 MHz, use UBBP and UMPT boards to process

the data transmitted in PCells. If LBBPd or LMPT boards are used, the peak data rate may not reach the expected value, due to the lower hardware capabilities.

Dependencies Other This inter-eNodeB CA feature requires requires that a GPS or IEEE1588 V2 clock source be deployed with a

time synchronization accuracy within 3 μs.  It also requires that the jitter and packet loss rate meet the requirements Transmission delay



DL 5CC one-way delay≤8ms



UL 2CC one-way delay≤4ms


Description

ENodeBAlgoSwitch.CaAlgoSwitch

The RelaxedBackhaulCaSwitch option of this parameter parameter specifies whether to enable CA between cells cells served by macro eNodeBs, LampSite eNodeBs, or macro macro and LampSite eNodeBs eNodeBs on a network network with relaxed relaxed backhaul backhaul requirements.

CaMgtCfg.RelaxedBackhaulCaMaxCcNum

Relaxed Backhaul Ca Max Component Carrier Numb er. er. Set this parameter to 2CC(2CC), 3CC(3CC), 4CC(4CC), or 5CC(5CC) as required.

CaMgtCfg.RelaxedBHCaUlMaxCcNum

Relaxed Backhaul CA UL Max CC Num. Set this parameter to 2CC(2CC) or 0CC(0CC) as required.

Activation MOD ENODEBALGOSWITCH:CAALGOSWIT ENODEBALGOSWITCH:CAALGOSWITCH=RelaxedBackhaulCaSw CH=RelaxedBackhaulCaSwitch-1; itch-1; //UL Inter-site CA activation MOD CAMGTCFG:LocalCellId=0,CellCaAlgoSwitch=CaUl2CC CAMGTCFG:LocalCellId=0,CellCaAlgoSwitch=CaUl2CCSwitch-1,Relax Switch-1,RelaxedBHCaUlMaxCcNum=2CC; edBHCaUlMaxCcNum=2CC; //Turn on switch of UL CA (cell level)

MOD CAMGTCFG: LOCALCELLID=0, LOCALCELLID=0, CaUl2CCSwitch-1; // UL Inter-site CA activation MOD CAMGTCFG:LocalCellId=0,CellCaAlgoSwitch=CaDl3CCS CAMGTCFG:LocalCellId=0,CellCaAlgoSwitch=CaDl3CCSwitch-1,RelaxedBackhaulCaMaxC witch-1,RelaxedBackhaulCaMaxCcNum=5CC; cNum=5CC;


Counter

Description

L.Traffic.User.PCell.UL.RelaxedBackhaulCA.Avg

Average number of CA UEs in the uplink relaxed-backhaul-based intereNodeB CA state that treat treat the local cell as their Pcell

L.Traffic.User L.Traffic.User.SCell.UL.RelaxedBackhaulCA.Avg .SCell.UL.RelaxedBackhaulCA.Avg

Average number of CA UEs that treat treat the local cell as their SCell in the uplink relaxed-backhaul-based relaxed-backhaul-based inter-eNodeB CA state state

L.Traffic.User L.Traffic.User.RelaxedBackhaulCA.SCell.Active.UL.Avg .RelaxedBackhaulCA.SCell.Active.UL.Avg

Average number of CA UEs in the uplink relaxed-backhaul-based intereNodeB CA state that treat the the local cell as their SCell and have the Scell Activated Activated

Agenda

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Fully Utilize Hearing Ability By EVS Hearing Ability

4.5G EVS

4G AMR-WB

Enable FHD Voice With EVS MOS

2/3G AMR-NB

20 Hz

4.5

EVS

4 50 Hz

50 Hz AMR-WB

300 Hz

24.4kbps

9.6kbps 3400 Hz 12.65kbps 7K Hz

23.85kbps Code Rate

* 3GPP EVS Characterization Test Result: Mixed / Music, P.800 DCR test methodology

20K Hz

20K Hz

*EVS: Enhanced Voice Service (3GPP R12 Voice Codec)

Samsung S7

Sharp Zeta

Sony Xperia

Snapdragon 820



When VoLTE VoLTE user is in weak coverage areas, the QoS is not satisfied because of the high code rate.



The purpose of EVS Rate Control is to improve uplink coverage and voice quality by adjusting the code rate for VoLTE VoLTE users supporting multiple EVS codec. For example, use higher code rate under cell center, center, and use lower code rate under cell edge.

Description  Voice rate rate adjustment is i s controlled by the CellAlgoSwitch.UlAmrcMode

Initial: EVS-SWB 13.2K

1 2

UE in the Center RTP: CMR = 24.4K

3

New :EVS-SWB 24.4K

4

Rates available available:: 24.4k, 13.2k, 9.6k

EVS Rate Adjust Determination

Description  The coding rate increases if the following conditions are both met:

 The TBS of the UE is greater than TbsUpTh.  The UL packet loss rate for for services with a QCI of 1 is less than VoiceAmrControl.PlrThdForIncreasingAmr for two consecutive times.  The coding rate will be decreased if the t he following conditions are both met:

 The TBS of the UE is less than TbsDownTh.  The uplink packet loss rate for services with a QCI of 1 is greater than VoiceAmrControl.PlrThdForDecreasingAmrless for two consecutive times. TbsUpTh and TbsDownTh are automatically calculated based on VoiceAmrControl.RsnThdForIncreasingAmr and and VoiceAmrControl.RsnThdForDecreasingAmr respectively. respectively.

Feature Dependencies Prerequisite Features VoLTE Rate Control: The uplink adaptive AMR/EVS rate adjustment adjustment function provided by the EVS Rate Control • LOFD-111207 VoLTE feature requires requires VoLTE VoLTE Rate Control. Control.

• LBFD-081103 Terminal Awareness Differentiation: The UE whitelist and blacklist function provided by EVS Rate Control requires Terminal Awareness Differentiation.

Mutually Exclusive Feature • LOFD-001008 Ultra High Speed Mobility: In an ultra-high-speed cell where the channel conditions change rapidly, enabling the Voice Rate Control feature causes frequent rate adjustments, reducing voice quality Voice Rate • LOFD-001007 High Speed Mobility In a high-speed cell where the channel conditions change rapidly, enabling the Voice Control feature causes frequent rate adjustments, reducing voice quality. quality.


Network Impact Network performance  When the uplink channel quality is favorable, favorable, using a high EVS coding rate increases the MOS by 0.2 to

0.5.  When the uplink channel quality is unfavorable, unfavorable, using a low voice coding rate decreases the uplink

packet loss rate by 0% to 20% and improves uplink voice coverage by 0.5 dB to 1 dB . The impact on the throughput, data rate, rate, and transmission delay varies depending on scenarios: 

If the voice coding rate of a majority of voice services is increased, more PDCCH CCE and PRB resources will be consumed, which may slightly reduce the t hroughput and data rate of data services, and increase the transmission delay. delay.



If the voice coding rate of a majority of voice services is reduced, less PDCCH CCE and PRB resources will be consumed, which may slightly increase the throughput and data rate of data services, and reduce the transmission delay. delay.

When to use Same type type of scenar scenarios ios as for for TTI bundli bundling ng Same 

Sites with a great number of voice users






High uplink packet loss rate



Cells with a high packet loss rate of VoLTE-service VoLTE-service users at the cell edge



Cells with strong uplink interference

VoLTE VoLTE services are enabled in the uplink in weak coverage areas, such as rural, suburban, and indoor

deep coverage areas

Dependencies EVS rate control does not take effect in the following scenarios: VoLTE and EVS codec. • UEs doesn’t support VoLTE

• EPC doesn’t support IMS-based voice services. • The voice coding format is not EVS-SWB. • RTP packets are encrypted. • The number of rates in both the rate set supported by UEs, and the configured rate set is less than or equal to 1. CellUlSchAlgo.RateCtrlCmrProcessStrategy cessStrategy • If another network node is performing rate adjustment, the CellUlSchAlgo.RateCtrlCmrPro parameter controls whether this feature takes effect as follows: o o

The value BASIC_STRA BASIC_STRATEGY indicates that the eNodeB does not perform rate adjustment. The value ADAPTIVE_STRATEGY ADAPTIVE_STRATEGY indicates that the eNodeB can perform rate adjustment only when the target rate rate provided by the eNodeB is lower than that provided provided by the other node.

• The UE does not respond to the rate adjustment request, and therefore the rate adjustment fails. • if the IMS encrypts signaling messages, rate adjustment will fail.


Description

VoiceAmrCtrlParaGroupId

This parameter specifies the parameter group ID used for voice AMR control. A parameter group for voice AMR control consists of one high coding mode and one low AMR coding mode.

HighAmrCod HighAmrCodingMo ingMode de

This paramet parameter er speci specifies fies the high coding coding mode in the the group group speci specified fied by VoiceAm VoiceAmrCon rControl trol.AmrGr .AmrGroupI oupId. d.

LowAmrCodi LowAmrCodingMo ngMode de

This paramet parameter er specifie specifiess the the low coding coding mode in the group group speci specified fied by VoiceAm VoiceAmrCon rControl trol.AmrGr .AmrGroupId oupId..

PlrThdForDecreasingAmr

If the uplink QCI 1 packet loss rate is greater than the threshold and the TBS meets the rate reduction conditions, rate reduction is triggered.

PlrThdForIncreasingAmr

If the uplink QCI 1 packet loss rate is less than the threshold and the TBS meets the rate increase conditions, the rate is increased increased (Def 2).

RsnThdForDecreasingAmr RsnThdForDecreasingAmr

This parameter parameter is used used to calculate calculate the TBS threshold threshold for reducing reducing the uplink data data rate of voice services services (Def 14).

RsnThdForIncreasingAmr RsnThdForIncreasingAmr

This parameter parameter is used to calculate calculate the TBS threshold for increasing increasing the the uplink data rate rate of voice services services (Def 5).

BlkL BlkLst stCt Ctrl rlSw Swit itch ch

Disa Disabl ble e VoLTE oLTE Rate Rate Con Control trol for for blac blackl klis iste ted d Ues Ues (UL_ (UL_EV EVSC SC_S _SWI WITC TCH_ H_OF OFF) F)

Whit WhiteL eLst stCt Ctrl rlSw Swit itch ch

Enab Enable le VoLTE oLTE Rate Rate Cont Contro roll for for whit whitel elis iste ted d Ues Ues (UL_ (UL_EV EVSC SC_S _SWI WITC TCH_ H_ON ON))

RateCtrlCmrProcessStrat egy

Indicates Indicates whether the local end performs rate adjustment adjustment when the eNodeB detects that other NEsperform rate adjustment. When this parameter is set to BASIC_STRATEGY, the local end does not perform rate adjustment when the eNodeB detects that other NEs perform rate adjustment. When this parameter is set to ADAPTIVE_STRATEGY ADAPTIVE _STRATEGY,, the


Description

UlAmrcMode

ULAMRC_OFF: indicates that VoLTE VoLTE Rate Control is disabled. ULAMRC_ENB_CONTROL: indicates indicates that the eNodeB adjusts the uplink AMR-NB/AMRWB rate for for voice services. ULAMRC_SBC_CONTROL: indicates indicates that the eNodeB requests the SBC of the CN to adjust the uplink AMRNB/AMR-WB rate for voice services. ULEVSC_ENB_CONTROL: specifies whether the eNodeB adjusts the uplink uplink EVSSWB rate rate for for VoLTE VoLTE services. ADAPTIVE_ENB_CONTROL: specifies whether the eNodeB adjusts the uplink AMRNB/ AMR-WB/EVS-SWB rate for VoLTE VoLTE services.

UlAmrcExceedingInitialSw

If the option is selected, the adjusted coding rate can exceed the initial coding rate of this call. If the option is deselected, the adjusted coding rate cannot exceed the initial coding rate of this call. It is recommended that this option be deselected when PDCCH resources are limited

UlAmrCheckSw

If the option is selected, the voice rate cannot be adjusted before the rate set required by a session is obtained. If the option is deselected, the voice rate can be adjusted before the rate set required by a session is obtained. It is recommended that this option be selected.

VoiceCodingModeMeasSw

If the option is selected, counters related to the distribution of voice coding modes are measured. If the option is deselected, counters related to the distribution of voice coding modes are not measured. Select this option when you need to monitor the changes in the distribut ion of voice coding modes.

Activation //Activating Voice Voice AMR control and configuring groups MOD CELLALGOSWITCH: CELLALGOSWITCH: LocalCellId=0,UlAmrcMode=ADAPTIVE_EN LocalCellId=0,UlAmrcMode=ADAPTIVE_ENB_CONTROL,AmrcAlgoSwitc B_CONTROL,AmrcAlgoSwitch=UlAmrcExceedingInit h=UlAmrcExceedingInitia ia lSw-1&UlAmrCheckSw-1&Voic lSw-1&UlAmrCheckSw -1&VoiceCodingModeMeasSweCodingModeMeasSw-1&UlEvsEx 1&UlEvsExceedingInitialSw-1; ceedingInitialSw-1; […]

ADD VOICEAMRCONTRO VOICEAMRCONTROL: L: LocalCellId=0,VoiceAmrCt LocalCellId=0,VoiceAmrCtrlParaGroupId=4,HighAmrCodingMode=E rlParaGroupId=4,HighAmrCodingMode=EVS_SWB_24_4kbps, VS_SWB_24_4kbps, LowAmrCodingMode=EVS_SWB_13_2kbps, LowAmrCodingMode= EVS_SWB_13_2kbps, PlrThdForDecreasingAmr=6, PlrThdForDecreasingAmr=6, PlrThdForIncreasingAmr=2, PlrThdForIncreasingAmr=2, RsnThdForDecreasingAmr=14, RsnThdForDecreasingAmr=14, RsnThdForIncreasingAmr=5; RsnThdForIncreasingAmr=5; ADD VOICEAMRCONTRO VOICEAMRCONTROL: L: LocalCellId=0,VoiceA LocalCellId=0,VoiceAmrCtrlParaGroupId=5,HighAmrCodingMode= mrCtrlParaGroupId=5,HighAmrCodingMode= EVS_SWB_13_2kbps, EVS_SWB_13_2kbps, LowAmrCodingMode=EVS_SWB_9_6kbps, LowAmrCodingMode=EVS_SWB_9_6kbps, PlrThdForDecreasingAmr=16, PlrThdForDecreasingAmr=16, PlrThdForIncreasingAmr=2, PlrThdForIncreasingAmr=2, RsnThdForDecreasingAmr=14, RsnThdForDecreasingAmr=14, RsnThdForIncreasingAmr=5; RsnThdForIncreasingAmr=5; ADD UECOMPA UECOMPAT: T: Index=1, Index=1, UeInfoType=IMEISV_ UeInfoType=IMEISV_TA TAC, C, ImeisvTac=2, ImeisvTac=2, BlkLstCtrlSwitch=UL_AMR BlkLstCtrlSwitch=UL_AMRC_SWITCH_OF C_SWITCH_OFFF1&UL_EVSC_SWITCH_OFF-1, 1&UL_EVSC_SWITCH_OFF-1, WhiteLstCtrlSwitch=UL_AMR WhiteLstCtrlSwitch=UL_AMRC_SWITCH_ONC_SWITCH_ON-0&UL_EVSC_SWIT 0&UL_EVSC_SWITCH_ON-0; CH_ON-0;

Activation Observation EVS Rate Control is enabled if the values of any of the following counters is not 0:

Performance Monitoring  Packet Loss Rate Counters for QCI1.  Voice Quality Counters (L.Voice.VQI…)  Number of Times the Uplink Speech Coding Rate Changes  Speech Coding Scheme Distribution

Terminal Dependancy 



Huawei terminal: 

2017H1，P10/P10 PLUS to be confirmed.



2017H2，Flagship product (MATE) to be confirmed.



The EVS default format is Header-Full Header-Full Format（with with CMR CMR）which can support EVS rate control.

Samsung terminal: 

The korean version of Samsung S7 can support EVS, but the EVS default format is Compact Compact Format (no CMR), which can not supporte EVS rate control. Whether to support other formats is unclear. unclear.



Apple terminal: 

Commercial plan is unclear.

Huawei can provide MOP in order to confirm the capability of the phone can support EVS rate control

EVS Format ： Compact Format （no CMR）; Header-Full Format （no CMR）; Header-Full Format （with CMR）;

Agenda

2.1


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Description  3GPP Release 12 introduces DL 256 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM), which is a high-

order modulation scheme.  As a supplement to the existing modulation schemes (QPSK, 16QAM, and 64QAM), 256QAM is

used to improve UE transmission rates when radio conditions are good.  DL 256QAM allows the modulation of eight bits per symbol, supporting a large transport block size

(TBS). In theory, DL 256QAM improves improves peak spectral efficiency by 33% compared with 64QAM.

Benefits  DL 256QAM improves downlink spectral efficiency (by up to 30%) and throughput mainly for users

near the cell center.  The feature benefits vary with radio channel quality, RF error vector magnitude (EVM), and UE

EVM.



Impacted Features • LEOFD-111305 Virtual 4T4R The DL 256QAM accessory algorithm must be disabled if the Virtual4T4RSwitch(Virtual4T4RSwitch) Virtual4T4RSwitch(Virtual4T4RSwitch) option of the CellAlgoSwitch.EmimoSwitch CellAlgoSwitch.EmimoSwitch parameter is selected.

64QAM

256QAM

Dependencies  The eNodeB model must be 3900 series, BTS3911E, BTS3911E, BTS3912E BTS3912E or DBS3900 LampSite.

that: The baseband processing unit must not be LBBPc. If LBBPd boards are used, note that: 

Because 256QAM needs more resources. So if user number raise and include 256QAM user, user, the non256QAM users data throughput will decrease a little in LBBPd. There is no impact i mpact if cell users load is low or no 256QAM users in cell.



The specification of downlink downlink peak throughput of of the cell allocated in LBBPd is 300Mbps. This means in 20MHz bandwidth with 4x4 MIMO cells allocated all ocated in LBBPd, user peak throughput throughput is up to 300Mbps. Even 256QAM is activated (theoretical peak throughput 390Mbps), it is l imited by hardware specification.



The DL 256QAM accessory algorithm is not supported.

for which V3, V6, or KUNLUN is displayed in the Description Description  The eNodeB must be equipped with RF modules for field of the DSP B RDMFRINFO command output, for example, RRU3952 and RRU3959 LTE  In addition, to enable the DL 256QAM accessory algorithm, each RF module must be configured to work for LTE FDD only, with a single carrier, and at its rated power.  UEs must be of categories 11 to 14, comply with 3GPP Release 12, and support the DL 256QAM modulation

Parameters

The following table describes the parameter that must be set in the

The following table describes the parameters that must be set in the

MO.

MO.

Activation 1. Run th the under the 2. Run th the 3. (Opt (Optio iona nal) l) If If

command with the parameter. command to set

option selected

is set to command to set the

parameter.

DL256QAMALGOSWITCH=Dl256QamSwitch-1;

LOCALCELLID=0, DL256QAMCQITBLCFGSTRATEGY=ADAPTIVE_CONFIG;

DL256QAMCQITBLADPPERIOD=10;

. , run the

Counters

Performance Monitoring

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Copyright©2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved. The information contained in this this document is for reference purpose only, and is subject to change or withdrawal according according to specific customer requirements and conditions.

Huawei ERAN12.1 - Workshop

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