Materials
Here's my list of art materials as requested. I'll do my best to explain what I use and why as well as where to get them. Lots of Manga specific art materials available HERE HERE..
Work Space: Space: How to set it up
Pencils:: What Kinds do you need? Pencils
Erasers:: They aren't only pink and square Erasers
Pens:: What kind of inker are you? Pens
Templates:: Need a fast circle? Templates
Curves and Edges: How to keep it all clean
Paper : How to choose.
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Accesories:: Not required..but nice to have Accesories
Digital Art: Art: Is your system ready?
What you see: A) A nice, large,clean,
flat,sturdy, well lit table. B) A storage system for
paper, reference materials, tools and other art related objects. C) A tool rack within easy
reach. D) a comfortable chair.
Pencils com in a wide array of options. You can pick up a box of designer pencils like the ones you see to the left. Or you can just individually pick out 2 or 3 that will work for you. I'll try to explain what factors should influence your decision.
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The chart to the right shows what the different "Grades" of pencil are. You've seen the infamous yellow #2 or 2B pencil all your life at school. Now looking at this chart you can see what that means. H = Hard lead. Hard lead makes a lighter line and is used mostly for drafting. 9H is as hard as it gets. On the opposite side of the spectrum are the B grade pencils. B has a soft lead so it makes a darker line. 9B is like mascara.
I choose the middle ground. an HB or F pencil has a nice versatile grade.
I use about 5 different pencils over the course of a drawing. I rough in with a photoblue. Clean up line art with a lead-holder pencil and then detail with a . 03 mechanical.
I've used Millions of erasers over the course of my art career but I've finally whittled my choices down to 2 kinds. A) Kneaded Eraser :
This eraser usually comes as a plain Grey or Blue square. Once you open it from it's wrapping you start working it like silly putty. Squeezing it into a Ball...pulling it into a ribbon..folding it, squishing it..Kneading it, really. What's the purpose? Well, you can squeeze it down into a
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completly removing pencil lines without destroying your inks or gouging your paper. It also has a low "debris" factor. Debris is that rubb off you get from your eraser. Sakura Pigma thing Micron: Pens are a difficult to reccomend since so much of what you chppse is based on how you ink. I'm going My personal favorite inking pen.toThey have to list the pens I personally choose get the joballdone. clean qualities of a techpen yet they alsoas Theythe may or may not work for you...experiment have a semi-flexible tip. SO the harder you needed. press the wider your line will be. Variable line weight is very important for inking. Otherwise your drawings come out flat like a coloring book.
They come in .005 (very fine) to .08 (very thick) These pens usually run about $12.00 for the whole set at your local art store.
The Sanford Sharpie:
I use these pens to fill in large black areas. These pens are great but only useful for a short period of time. When they are new they have an excellent point and a very uniform Black. I only use these for coloring large areas of black...never for line work or detailing. They tend to "bleed" quite a bit on regular paper so leave a space between your blackline and fill area. You can fill in the gap between with a .08 Sakura micron Sharpies are available almost everywhere.
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The Tombo Brush Pen:
This pen takes a little getting used too. It acts like a brush but without all the hassle of cleaning a brush. It's not very good for inking mechanical things like Robots, ships or cars. But it's great for inking Hair, fur, trees..ect. Organic natural objects. This pens a little harder to find but should be at most your major art stores.
Templates come in a variety of shapes and sizes and are save you a great deal of time in precise drawing . Gun Muzzles, Car wheels..just about anything. It also saves you from using a traditional compass and punching holes in your paper. One problem though..They are flat so ink can run underneath them and smear your drawing. Tape pennies under the edges of the template to raise it from the surface and avoid the ink smear.
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A little searching can turn up some very useful templates like this one I picked up in Tokyo. I suck at drawing word balloons and before I purchased Adobe Illustrator this was the only way I could draw them with looking like an amatuer.
French Curves:
These tools come in several different sizes and shapes. I use at least 4 on any given drawing. You rotate them around on your drawing till you find an closely matches the curve you're trying to Youegde can't that really do a good job without these tools unless Youkind canofalso purchase a see "Flexible yourink. some machine. Let's what Curve" they do for us. which looks like a peice of rubber railroad track. It's no good for tight curves but works nice on long curves.
Triangles:
A must have for Comic book paneling and perspective work. The triangle rest on your TSquare. Use the T-square to draw Horizontal lines and the Triangle to draw Vertical lines. The 45 degee angles com in andy for drawing perspective lines back to the "Vanishing point". I'll cover perspective in another tutorial.
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Ruler with Inking Edge:
Really, all your tools should have an inking edge. Notice the diagram on the left depicting the way an inking edge works with a Pen. The Ruler edge is raised from the drawing surface allowing the ink to apply cleanly. If that edge was flat on the paper the ink would bleed between the edge on the paper making an ugly mess.
Bristol Board Smooth:
Bristol board is a heavy, bright white paper. It comes in several sizes and surfaces. For comic book art you want a fairly large size (11x14) and a smooth surface. Bristol takes ink very well but because of it's smoothness it takes the ink a bit longer to dry. Be very carefull when inking not to drag your hand across the page or you'll end up with smudges and smears. Also give the ink a while to dry before attempting to erase your pencil marks. Acid Free board will stay whiter longer.( Age can yellow the paper). Vellum coating is ultra smooth and ideal for inking. This paper can be expensive so don't use it for sketching. It's for final peices....course, pe ices....course, if you buy it you can do whatever you want with it...see if I care.
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the Dummy:
This can be an excellent tool for helping you keep anatomy proportions correct. The only thing that kinda sucks about the dummy is that he's not really all that poseable. I've found that I get more out of Highly detailed action figures (like Todd McFarlanes). Still, Everyone should have a dummy.
the Brush:
How many times have you gone to swipe off the eraser debris with you hand an smear the inks on your picture with your big sweaty mits. The brush is the elegant answer to debris removal. It protects your art and removes a lot more crap than your hand does. Most drafting supply stores carry the brush.
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Top 10 System Recommendations:
A great system (for PC) consist of 1) Faster the better (600mhz minimum) 2) 256 MB of Ram (more is better) 3) 32mb Video Card 4) 13-25 Gig hard drive 5) A Wacom Tablet (shown at Right) 6) A 5 button Mouse 7) a 19-22 inch monitor 8) Adobe Photoshop 5.5 - 6.0 9) A digital Camera 10) A Scanner I'm not going to get into what brands I think are the best because I don't want to start any arguments. Just find what works for you.As time rolls on the above figures will look very dated. Just get as fast and as much of Everything as you can.
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OK..Here we are at the beginning. The human head is pretty much an "egg" shape. the set up for this is to draw a circle representing the top of the head and an inverted cone for the chin. Anime chins are much sharper than standard chins. Don't go making an arrowhead out of the chin but think more along the lines of the bottom half of a heart. (the cartoon kind of heart..not the biologically correct heart) The placement of the nose should be located on a horzontal line between the eyeline and the chin line
The Head itself should be 4 big eyes wide: Half an eye on the left, eye, eye, eye, half on the right. The Ears should be located on horizontal lines drawn out from the eyebrows and the nose.
On a normal human face, the width of the mouth would be determined by the center point of the pupils of the eye. Anime mouths are somewhat smaller so I use the inside corners of the eye as a guide. Experiment with whatevers best for you. s
Starting to shape up a bit, eh? Here's where it starts getting into "Style". Lot's of clueless folks say "all that japanese stuff looks alike" ..I beg to differ. I believe the eyes set the styles apart from each other. It's like a fingerprint. you can tell who did what just by looking at the construction of the eyes. But I will admit ..All Japanese anime eyes share similar traits across the board.
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Tada!...well, Tada!...well, almost. A little more pushing, shoving, erasing and cleaning brings us to stage 3. The big deal to this stage is defining the hair and a relevant light source so you know which lines to make heavy and wear to put shadows n' stuff. Hair is tricky business. Do what you want but just make sure you sweep some of it into the eyes. It should have "highlight squiggles" (for lack of an actual term) that makes it look like hair from a pantene pro V commercial. Anime hair comes in all sorts of colors so go nuts.
Hands : Step 1- the oval
Draw an oval. Much like the one you see to the
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Hands : Step 2- radials
Draw 5 lines radiating out from the anchor ancho r point. The longest line will be the middle finger...make it just slightly shorter than 2 oval lenghts.
Hands : Knuckle placement
The remaining finger lengths fall on an arc from the height of the middle finger. The knuckle closest to the tip of the finger is slightly less than 1/3 the way down from the finger tip. The next knuckle splits the difference d ifference between the
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Hands : Fleshing in
Flesh in the fingers as shown here. The fingers start narrow at the base..widen at the first knuckle then taper down again toward the tip. Believability is added by drawing creases in the places the hand bends the most...at the knuckles and along the palms. Look at your own hand for reference. Everybody's hand is slightly different. This hand is definately mine. (Notice I am Right handed and that's why my hand model is a Left hand)
Hands : The opposable Thumb
The thumb kinda has it's own thing going on. It rotates around on its own axis. The thumb swings inward on its Anchor Knuckle and bends down at its second knuckle to point at the base of the Ring finger. The thumbs arc
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Hands : Finger lengths
The Index finger and the Ring finger are nearly the same height..about the halfway point of the middle finger "tip". The Ring finger is just slightly longer. The Pinky finger comes up to the last knuckle line of the Ring finger. Notice how the hand is not Square but Wedge shaped.
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The Foot: Know your basic forms!
Like everything else you draw, the foor also consist of basic forms. I break it down into 3 parts. 1) a cylinder for the shin 2) a half a peanut for the front 3) A roundish shape for the heel
Side view
Here you can kinda see those basic shapes beneath the foot. The shin comes into the ankejoint which then branches back for the heel and forward to the toes. Notice the foot does not sit FLAT on the ground plane..there's an arch between the toe pads and the heel pad.
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the Wedge
Notice how the foot is shaped like a rounded wedge the bend IN towards the body's center. The toes are also arced like the fingers of the hand...the middle toe is usually the longest.
The Instep
Okay, this foots a bit wide but you see the important structures. Everyone's seen foorptints in the sand. The heel and Ball of the foot are linked by the outside edge of the foot. The arch of the foot doesn't come into contact with the ground.
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Step 2: Define the strands
Hair grows up and out of the head like spikes on a sea-urchin. (uni anyone? hah, sushi joke). Except hair isn't rigid like a spike. It's soft so it falls back downward because of gravity. Draw the hair in smooth sweeps from the hairline and part. Remember..hair is individual strands.. It's not a helmet made of playdoe. Obviously you aren't going to draw a million strands but do draw enough the give body and depth to the hair. Step 2: Define the body
After you have your strands figured out. Define the outline of the hair. Trim away stray lines you aren't using and add shading where
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Step 1: Define the Hairline
The hairline is located on a line that extends from ear to ear at a 45 degree angle up from the eyeline. Or..bisects the forehead horizontally between the eyes and the crown of the head. This characters hair doesn't really part down the middle but I use the center line to help me keep things even.
Step 2: Define the strands
Male hair is typically shorter....at least in MY world. Longer hair would be drawn similar the
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Here is the long awaited expression tutorial.This tutorial.This tutorial is very similar to the tutorial available in the "How to draw Manga" book...since it's so hard to find I thought I'd convert the lesson using my own art and post it up here for you. Click on the face to the left to download a blank
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Happy (ureshii)
Rays of blushy joy on cheek. Mouth in sideways "D" mode. Eyebrows up.
Thoughtful : My personal
goes follows the upper curve of the eye to convey a relaxed state. The eyes are a bit wider open. Mouth is lower eyelid covers the bottom of the a small bow curve. pupil to mak it "squinty happy". Mouth is a sideways "D" but a bit smaller.
sick or disgusted: Features are
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Secretive
Combative
Lovestruck
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Evil
Heroic
Innocent
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GOOD KICK: BAD KICK: Same deal here. with the target being stick as a board it tells us this kick was nothing special. the attacker appears to be merely raising her foot at the target
Now THAT had to hurt! Again..the horizontal line of force crumples the targets body around the point of impact. He probably won't be getting up for a while. Also the attacker's body is much more a part of this kick. all the balance is thrown into it giving the impression of a mighty delivery.
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This is much better in the sense that you can really tell the target has been thrown. The composition is more pleasing and leaves room for backgrounds, sound effects or speech balloons....but still it could be better. I'd
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Step 3: Go with the flow
I now start to fill in the clothing based on the lines I discoverd on the last page. Notice the clothing is smooth and taught over areas that are bent or push against the fabric (her left knee, her left elbow, her chest, her right thigh). Fold lines radiate out and away from the bends. Other areas of clothes in a more relaxed state, succumb to gravity and fall in downwards. Imagine small hoola hoops around your arms, waist, neck and legs. If you raise your arm, how does the hoola hoop hang? Which part of your arm is touching the hoola hoop? The part that touches would be were the clothing would outline your arm and the folds would radiate out and away from there. (cont..).
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Step 4: Clean up
If you lept to the right wearing the hoola hoop. You would notice the hoop would touch our waist on the right side and hang towards the area you lept from to the left. When you landed the hoop would carry the force back to the right trying to continue in the direction you leapt towards. Clothes can be drawn in the same manner. They bunch up and hang in the opposite direction of the motion. It'll take some practice to get it to look right. Burne Hogarth has an exceptional book on this subject called "Dynamic "Dynamic Wrinkles and Drapery" Drapery" Need help with Buckles and laces?
You would think the buckle is simple but most people represent it as a square box on a thick line. A little attention to detail will make your pics looks sharper. Draw the buckle as shown here with the strap overlapping the back end of the buckle and ticking into the loop.
Here's a Quick Release buckle..used b uckle..used for military type characters. The strap is made of webbing instead of leather. The buckle is undone by pressing the tabs toward each other and pulling the ends apart.
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Zippers are usually represented as a zig-zag if you are distanced from your character. but for close ups, try and make it like you see here. Each "tooth" is a small square with a circle on top of it..they interlock as shown here. It takes a little extra time but people notice the effort.
Snaps are pretty straight forward and you don't really get to see the 2 halves together unless the jacket is open. Again, good for detail in a close up. Show the one docking end smaller and rounded on the lip. Sorry for the messy ovals..I can't find my template. Laces are often represented as criss cross lines. It looks better if you draw the laces as 3D objects rather than a quick line. Show them overlapping each other and passing through the eyelets. Also, since the laces are pullig toward each other there will be buckling in the material around the stress points. Notice how I curved the material around the eyelets to show that. The tongue of the shoe/boot should push through the criss cross a little bit to give the impression that the laces are cinched down on the shoe.
The Basic Pistol
The best way to draw a gun is to look at pictures of guns. These aer available on most major gun brand websites: http://www.glock.com/ http://www.sigarms.com/ http://www.ruger-firearms.com/ http://www.hecklerkoch-usa.com/ Beats getting the suspicious looks when buying a gun magazine. Here we have a Glock 26 or "Baby Glock" 9x19 Basic Shapes
Break the gun down into basic shapes. The more you know about the mechanics of guns the better if your a detail freak. I like to just get by. The major parts of a pistol is the Slide, the Frame and the Grip (handle).
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The Guts
My father's a gun aficionado so he'll laugh his head off when he sees my lame cross-section and explanation...but it's more detail than a comic book artist usually needs :) The handle should be wide and long enough to accomodate the clip. Pulling back on the slide pulls the first bullet out of the clip and into the chamber. When the trigger is squeezed, the firing pin (not shown) smacks the back of the bullet and sends the lead part flying down the barrel..the brass casing ejects out the top of the gun. The force of the bullet leaving slams the slide back and loads the next bullet into the chamber. The esthetics
Now that we now the basic shap and what components are needed to make a gun it's time to pretty it up a little with some sleek lines. The Grey area is the basic shape we already had..the red sillouette is more or less the actual shape of a Glock26. Only reference material will help you here...after you get more comfortable with styles of pistols you can start getting creative with the lines...just look at Shirow's Seburo sidearms! A little Detail
Notice I've added a bevel to the slide and put the verticle grips on the rear of the slide. I've contoured the grip and made the trigger well a bit more comfortable. Again, reference material helps a lot. Build up a scrapbook of guns to whip out whenever your stuck. Wanna see more?
The Basic Shapes
The Revolvers has a few different parts than the Pistol. The most important difference is a Cylinder( shown in red) instead of a clip.
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exit the gun safely...fo you. Reloading
There's a few styles of revolver. Some have the cylinder flip out to the side. Some, like this one, pivot foward for quick loading (ala TRIGUN). You could take off the whole empty cylinder and slap another loaded one in there.
Detailing:
Have fun with it. I gave this one a laser sight under the barrel and a nice ergonomic grip so it doesn't look like an old cowboy gun. There's some really sweet "New Style" revolvers. Check out the gun manufacturer links on the previous page.
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PolyKarbon
StoryBoards Page1 Storyboards are essential for laying out action and deciding camera angles. I start by just having a grid of 6 squares. Working from the script I draw each important action in its own square. Only 1 action per square! For example: Script says "Character pulls a coin from pocket and examines it" There are 2 important actions there. 1) Character pulls coin from pocket 2) Character examines it (The journey of the coin from the pocket to being in front of the face is not important) So I would have 1 panel being the character rummaging for the coin and the next panel being the coin held up in front of the character...See? After I'm happy with the roughs I can start concentrating on how they would "panel out" on a page..which panels should be big...which panels should be small..ect...make sure my perspective is correct..yadda yadda I lay the new roughs on a light table and repencil them in a SUPER
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PolyKarbon
StoryBoards Page2 Storyboards are essential for laying out action and deciding camera angles. I start by just having a grid of 6 squares. Working from the script I draw each important action in its own square. Only 1 action per square! For example: Script says "Character pulls a coin from pocket and examines it" There are 2 important actions there. 1) Character pulls coin from pocket 2) Character examines it (The journey of the coin from the pocket to being in front of the face is not important) So I would have 1 panel being the character rummaging for the coin and the next panel being the coin held up in front of the character...See? After I'm happy with the roughs I can start concentrating on how they would "panel out" on a page..which panels should be big...which panels should be small..ect...make sure my perspective is correct..yadda yadda I lay the new roughs on a light table and repencil them in a SUPER
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PolyKarbon
Date:07-00 I've had several requests to post some more of my "technical" work stuff. This here is a Turnaround or Model Sheet. I use t to make sure I'm drawing d rawing her the same way everytime. I also use it to help me figure out her proportions to other characters and objects. After I draw the initial views..Front, Back and Side..I lay the original on a light table and trace the form out so I can save time when drawing another set to describe another outfit.s .
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PolyKarbon: Hohner Character sheet
10-2000 Hohner was born with Down's Syndrome. A wetware prosthetic compensates for his condition..however, Hohner sometimes has trouble dealing with the stark contrast in the