How to prepare a huge model using well rules (Advanced) Trainings 2017
Rock Flow Dynamics
Training description
P ar t 1. B uilding a his tori orical cal mode odell • • • • •
Load grid from existing data file Load and/or calculate grid properties Load the PVT properties Load well trajectories Load tables with events and history of wells
Upda ating his tory P ar t 2. Upd • •
Add new events and history. history. Well Well Rules Export a dynamic model
P ar t 3. C rea reating ting a foreca forecass t • •
Load future events Create forecast controls. Well Rules
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Training description
P ar t 1. B uilding a his tori orical cal mode odell • • • • •
Load grid from existing data file Load and/or calculate grid properties Load the PVT properties Load well trajectories Load tables with events and history of wells
Upda ating his tory P ar t 2. Upd • •
Add new events and history. history. Well Well Rules Export a dynamic model
P ar t 3. C rea reating ting a foreca forecass t • •
Load future events Create forecast controls. Well Rules
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Part 1
P ar t 1. B ui uilldi ng a hi hiss tori oricc al mod ode el • • • • •
Load grid from existing data file Load and/or calculate grid properties Load the PVT properties Load well trajectories Load tables with events and history of wells
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New Project 1. tNa Navig vig ator ma main window window.. Desi g ne ner. r. New New Proje Pr oject ct 2. E nter a P roj roject ect name name 3. P ro rojec jectt wi will ll be cr eat eated ed (.(.ss np file)
New project window
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Loading Grid 1. 2. 3. 4.
R i g ht-c li ck on S tatic model. S elect S how Calculations . Import S elect the file Grid/grid.inc Pres s A pply Pres s S tatis tics & Information to check g rid info (note the number of blocks )
Statistics & Information
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Loading Porosity 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
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Leave the Calculations window open S elect G eometry objects. Initial. Poros ity In the Calculations window, click Import S elect the file Grid/poro.txt Pres s A pply
Preview
Loading Permeability 1. Obs erve the imported property in 2D and/or 3D 2. Import the Permeability along X in a similar manner (us e the file Grid/permx.txt ) 3. Pres s A pply
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Calculating Initial Properties Cr eation of PE R MY, PE R MZ: 1. Leave the Calculations window open 2. In the main tree, switch to Permeability along Y 3. In Calculations , switch to Calculator . Leave the default formula: permx . Pres s A pply 4. Switch to Permeability along Z . Leave the default formula: permx * 0.1. Pres s A pply
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Specifying Dead Oil Model 1. Close the Calculations window 2. S witch to Definitions 3. Under Fluid Properties , unchec k G as (this affects the Fluid Properties tab, s ee later)
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Loading Fluid Properties 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
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S witch to Fluid Properties. model PVT. R ig ht-click to open C alculations. Import. PV T Tables Pres s A dd R ows . S elect the file Props/PVT.inc . Press A pply S witch to model Rock , s elect Import. R ock Tables , import the s ame file again S witch to model R elative P ermeability , select Import. R P Tables , import Props/SWOF.inc S witch to model E quilibri um , select Import. E quilibration Tables , import Props/Equil.inc A lternatively, the fluid data mig ht be calculated by cor relations
Loading Wells Trajectories 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
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Switch to G eometry Objects. Wells. R ig ht-click to open Calculations. Import. Well Trajectories S elect format: Irap RMS Clic k A dd Rows , s elect the file Wells /welltracks _his t.txt Uncheck Invert Z-Coordinates Pres s A pply
Viewing Wells Trajectories 1. 2. 3. 4.
P res s S etting s . Wells. Make sure S how Wells is checked Check Cut Trajectories B y D epth (this is for better vi ew only; no actual chang e is made) S et Min. Depth = 2100m , Max. Depth = 2125 m P res s Us e Well Fi lter . R ename the default filter to HistoricWells (note the number of wells )
Show visualization settings Use Well Filter
Creating an Aquifer To create a Fetkovich aquifer on all sides of the model: 1. S witch to 2D view, click E dit Curves 2. Create a polyg on encompass ing the entire model. When prompted, s ave it 3. S elect A quifers , click Calculations 4. S elect the created polyg on in Polygon. Press A pply to create the aquifer with default s etting s Calculations
Create new Curve
Edit Curves
Editing Aquifer Settings 1. R ig ht-click on the created aquifer and select A quifer S etting s 2. Obs erve the aquifer type: Fetkovich. Leave the default properties and close A quifer S etting s 3. Obs erve the cr eated aquifer attached to all outer s ides of the model
Loading Wells Production History 1. 2. 3. 4.
Switch to Wells Data. Well Production Tables . Well His tory Pres s Import His tory - One Table button on the ri g ht panel. A dd the file Wells/history.txt Input data type: Well, Date, OR AT, WR AT, LR AT, Water injection S ee preview, chang e column names if neces s ary. Pres s OK
Editing Wells Production History
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1. R ig ht-click on column headers 2. In S elect Vi s ible Columns , pres s S elect non-empty columns , then scr oll down and s elect WEF (well effici ency factor) 3. Pres s OK 4. Left-click the WE F column header to s elect the column 5. In the bottom cell type 1. This will apply to all cells in the column
Loading Events 1. 2. 3. 4.
Switch to Wells Data. Well Structure Tables . Well S tructure Pres s Import E vents – One Table button on the rig ht panel. A dd the file Wells/events.txt Input data type: Well, Date, E vent, Top, B ottom, S ki n, Multiplier S ee preview, chang e column names if neces s ary. Pres s OK
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Creating Time Steps 1. 2. 3. 4.
S witch to the Rules tab Pres s A dd Steps F rom Hi s tory and E vent Tables S elect the firs t of the added dates P res s A dd new rule and s elect C reate Well Controls by the His tory Table
Add new rule Add Steps From History and Event Tables
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Creating Rules
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1. S elect C reate Well Controls by the His tory Table 2. Make sure A ll Wells choice is s elected. Make s ure Wells Type is s et to Detect B y R ate (this enables automatic s witch fr om production to injection bas ed on his torical data) 3. Define the rule for P roducers : Control Mode = Li quid R ate , BHP=50 ( W CONHIST is created) 4. S witch to Water Injectors: Control Mode = Injection R ate , BHP=450 ( W CONINJH is created)
For Producers:
For Water Injectors:
Viewing Schedule
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1. Switch to S chedule tab , wait until it populates . S elect A ll Operations 2. Pres s Us e Well Filter on the rig ht panel. Press A dd Fi lter 3. Create a new filter: pres s Des elect A ll , then select manually Well-10131 4. S ee the rules related to this well as it turns from producer to injector Hint: hover on Operation Parameters to see tooltips Add Filter
Use Well Filter
Part 2
Part 2. Updating his tory • • •
Update events and history with the new data for another year Create new rules for seamless transit to the new data Export a dynamic model
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Adding New Wells Production history 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Switch to Wells Data. Right-click on Well Production Tables. Create Define name: WellHistory2017 Pres s Import His tory - One Table button on the ri g ht panel S elect table name: WellHistory2017 and change the file to Wells/his tory_update.txt S ee preview, make s ure the columns are ass ig ned cor rectly. Pres s OK
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Adding New Events 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Right-click on Well S tructure Tables. Create Define name: WellEvents2017 Pres s Import His tory - One Table button on the ri g ht panel S elect table name: WellEvents2017 and the file: Wells/events_update.txt S ee preview, make s ure the columns are ass ig ned cor rectly. Pres s OK
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Including New Events in Global Rules 1. 2. 3. 4.
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S witch to the Rules tab Unfold G lobal R ules R ig ht-click the automatically created rule Input Well Structure… and press Duplicate S elect the created copy of the rule and chang e the Well S tructure table to WellEvents2017
Adding New Rules
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1. On the Rules tab, s elect the exis ting Create Historical Well Controls… rule and Duplicate it 2. Drag the copy to the last of the exis ting dates 3. Open the copy and change the table to WellHistory2017
Adding Time Steps, Viewing Rules 1. 2. 3. 4.
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P res s A dd Steps F rom Hi s tory and E vent Tables in order to add time s teps for the new events S witch to the S chedule tab , wait until it populates Make sure A ll Operations option is s elected S croll all the way to the bottom and check the new events dated 2017
Calculating a Model: Two Approaches There are two pos s ible workflows : calculate in Desi g ner G UI or i n S imulator G UI Calculate the model in the Designer . In cas e of further updates , make the chang es in the Des ig ner, close and reopen the dynamic model, and run the si mulation ag ain E xport the model in the form of *.data and *.inc files, open it in the S imulator and run
Open Dynamic Model Export Model Run Calculations
View Graphs, etc.
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Creating Dynamic Model 1. Pres s Open Dynamic Model on the top panel to generate the hydrodynamic model 2. S witch to G eometry Objects. Dynamic Model 3. Obs erve the hydrodynamic properties : Initial , Calculated , Fluid-in-place Open Dynamic Model
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Exporting Model 1. Select Document. E xport Model to s ave the model in tNavig ator format (k eywords WELLTRACK , COMPDATMD ) 2. A lternatively, s elect Document. E xport Model in E 100/E 300 Format 3. E nter the file name for the model
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Part 3
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Part 3. C reating a forecas t • •
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Load future wells (trajectories, events) Create control rules for the existing wells based on the last recorded pressure data Create groups Create control rules for the future wells based on the voidage replacement (VREP) Create economic rules
Loading Future Wells Trajectories 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
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Close the dynamic model S witch to G eometry Objects. Wells. R ig ht-click to open Calculations. Import. Well Trajectories Uncheck R eload all s o as not to overwrite the old wells , leave other options as before C lick A dd Rows , s elect the file Wells /forecas t_wells.txt containing ~2000 new wells . Check Well Filter , type FutureWells to create a filter with thes e wells P res s A pply Oil in Place
Loading Future Wells Production Data 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Switch to Wells Data. Right-click on Well Production Tables. Create Define name: Forecast Pres s Import His tory - One Table button on the ri g ht panel S elect table name: Forecast and the file: Wells/forecas t_prod.txt S ee preview, make s ure the columns are ass ig ned cor rectly. Pres s OK
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Fixing Errors in the Future Production Table
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The imported table have incons is tent entries (WR AT defined for injectors ). To fix them: 1. R ig ht-click on column headers 2. In S elect Vi s ible Columns , pres s S elect non-empty columns , then check also Li quid Rate 3. Us ing S hift + keys , s elect all cells of Water R ate in injector records (the lines wi th non-zero Water Injection value) and s et their value to 0 ins tead of 450 4. S elect the producers (all remaining lines), s et Liquid R ate to 700 (needed for controls )
Producers
Changed to 0 Injectors
Enter 700 here
Adding Forecast Events 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
To import the future well perforation events , ri g ht-click on Well Structure Tables . Create Define name: ForecastEvents Pres s Import His tory - One Table button on the ri g ht panel S elect table name: ForecastEvents and the file: Wells/events_forecas t.txt S ee preview, make s ure the columns are ass ig ned cor rectly. Pres s OK
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Including Future Events in Global Rules 1. 2. 3. 4.
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S witch to the Rules tab Unfold G lobal R ules R ig ht-click any of the Input Well Structure… rules and press Duplicate S elect the created copy of the rule and chang e the Well S tructure table to ForecastEvents
Creating Time Steps Let’s create a forecast till 2035:
1. On the Rules tab, pres s A dd Steps 2. In the A dd Time Steps window, s elect S tep Leng th = One Month 3. Pres s OK . Make s ure the new time steps appeared in the s chedule
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Saving the Last Historical Pressure as a UDQ 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
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R ig ht-click on the las t his torical time s tep S elect A dd new rule. User keywor ds Pres s A dd Keywor d and select UDQ (us er-defined quantity) Optionally, s witch to Table view to obs erve the hints on the meaning of keyword parameters Type DEFINE 'WUPR ES S' WBHP. This is to s ave the BHP values at the las t his tori cal time s tep as a us er-defined quantity for the later us e in the forecast well control rules
Add Keyword or
Setting up Forecast Rules for Existing Producers
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1. R ig ht-click on the firs t forecas t time s tep 2. S elect A dd new rule. User keywor ds 3. A dd the following keywor ds : K eyword
Parameters
Meaning
A CTIONX
'P R OD F' 1 30 / WUPRE SS > 0 AND / WLPR > 0 /
R un this action just once. For the producing wells with las t recorded pres s ure > 0 and liqui d rate > 0 do the following :
'?' OPEN BHP * * * 1000 * 'WUPRESS‘ /
S peci fy the wells as open with control by bottom hole pres s ure (upper li mit for the liquid rate is 1000, lower limit for the B HP is WUPR E S S )
WCONPROD
E NDA CTIO
E nd of action
Lines can be reordered by drag-and-drop
Setting up Forecast Rules for Existing Injectors
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1. R ig ht-click on the firs t forecas t time s tep 2. S elect A dd new rule. User keywor ds 3. A dd the following keywor ds : K eyword
Parameters
Meaning
A CTIONX
'INJ E F' 1 30 / WUPRE SS > 0 AND / WWIR > 0 /
R un this action just once. For the injecting wells with last recor ded pres s ure > 0 and liqui d rate > 0 do the following :
WCONINJE
'?' WATER OPEN GR UP 7 00 * 'WUPRESS‘ /
S pecify the wells as open with g roup control (upper limit for the injection r ate is 700, upper limit for the B HP i s WUP R E S S )
E NDA CTIO UDQ
E nd of action UPDATE 'WUPR ES S ' OFF /
Stop updating WUPRE S S
Creating Groups 1. 2. 3. 4.
R ig ht-click on the firs t forecas t time s tep A fter the us er keywor ds , add the new rule S elect Create G roup Hierarchy P res s Load Hierarchy F rom File and import the file: Wells/g roups .txt
Load Hierarchy From File
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Creating Group Controls 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
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R ig ht-click on the firs t forecas t time s tep A dd the new rule G roup Injection Controls S elect G roup = G R OUP-1 S et Control Mode = VR E P Check Voidage R eplacement Fr action (amount of injected water per g roup r elative to produced liquid), s et it to 1.1 and Voidage R eplacement Group to GROUP-1 6. Duplicate the rule 9 times and chang e the g roups in the copies to GROUP-2 , GROUP-3 , etc.
Setting up Forecast Rules for Future Wells 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
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R ig ht-click on the firs t forecas t time s tep A dd the new rule C reate Forecast Well Controls B y Table Chang e the s elected Well His tory table to Forecast For Producers, set Control Mode = Li quid R ate , BHP=50 so that wells would close if BHP ≤ 50 For Water Injectors , set Control Mode = Gr oup Control , BHP=450 s o that injected amount would be determined by the group controls created earlier, and wells would clos e if B HP ≥ 450
Setting up Economic Rules 1. 2. 3. 4.
R ig ht-click on the firs t forecas t time s tep A dd the new rule E conomic L imits for P roduction Well S et WORKOVER=WELL S et the following limits : Minimum Oil Production R ate = 1 , Maximum Water Cut = 95% Upon reaching these limits , the production well will be shut.
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Checking the Schedule 1. 2. 3. 4.
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G o to the tab S chedule , wait until it populates Make sure A ll Operations option is s elected S cr oll down to the forecas t dates (after 2017) Check out the created operations ( WELSPECS , COMPDATMD , and COMPORD for the new wells, GCONINJE for g roups , A CTIONX for trans ition actions , etc.) The model is ready for export and/or c alculation.
Running the Calculation 1. R un the calculation in one of the two ways : Calculate the model in the Designer E xpor t the model, open it in the S imulator and run 2. A s the calculation prog res s es , monitor it by graphs and maps Designer Simulator
End of Historic Data Many wells shut due to economic limits
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