THE HIGH VALYRIAN DICTIONARY Compiled by Joel Wibron wiki.dothraki.org December 26th 2016 First edition
High Valyrian is the language spoken by the Valyrian people in George R.R. Martin’s book series, A Song of Ice and Fire. The author himself coined a few words, phrases and many personal names, but that was the extent of the language in the books. For the third season of the television adaption by HBO, A Game of Thrones, the language was developed in full by the linguist and language creator David J. Peterson of the Language Creation Society. All copyrights concerning the High Valyrian language belong to HBO. This unofficial dictionary is based on the Vocabulary page for High Valyrian1 at the Tongues of Ice and Fire Wiki, formerly Dothraki Wiki. That information in turn is from the TV show and Peterson himself, put together by High Valyrian enthusiasts. Without their work, this dictionary would not have been possible. An entry in the dictionary generally has one of the following formats: verb [phonetics] (perfect form) type description noun [phonetics] (oblique stem) declension & class description adjective [phonetics] (oblique stem) (suffix/es) class description
The phonetic transcriptions are in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) inside square brackets, ͡ and indicate the classical pronunciation. The orthography is primarily phonemic, and e.g. ['aːɛ̯ksi ksio], generally corresponds to the symbols of the IPA and thus the transcription. The major exceptions are the digraphs gh [ɣ], rh [r̥] and lj [ʎ], and the letters j [ɟ ~ d͡ʒ ~ ʒ ~ j] and ñ [ɲ]. Long vowels are indicated with a macron, e.g. ā [aː] and geminate consonants are doubled. Stress is on the antepenult if it is heavy, otherwise the penult is stressed. In loanwords, the digraph kh [x] can also be pronounced as gh, k or h depending on the speaker. Likewise, th [θ] can vary between t, s or z. Finally, the vowel y is [y] in the classical pronunciation, but is most often pronounced [i] by contemporary speakers, e.g. on the TV show. Note that this version is largerly an unedited form of the text on the wiki page, and thus contains speculations and uncertainties, which are for the most part marked as such. Information regarding etymology and word derivation may also be speculative. Errors in formatting may also be present. For official information regarding the language, refer to David J. J . Peterson.
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URL: http://wiki.dothraki.org/High_Valyrian_Vocabulary 1
arlie ['aɾli͡e ] adj. III new arliñagon [aɾli'ɲagon] v. C-fin. to change intrans. (< arlie + -ñagon.) arlinio ['aɾlinio͡] n. 3lun. changer, one who
Vocabulary A
changes, becomes different
ābra ['aːbra] n. 1lun. woman (cf. col. ābrar) ābrar ['aːbrar] n. 6col.1lun. life; humanity, all
(< arliñagon + -io.) arlinnon [aɾ'linnon] n. 3ter. change (< arliñagon + -non.) asikagon [asi'kagon] sittan v. C-fin. to give rebirth to, to bear again (< a- + sikagon.) Astapor ['astapor] n. 3aq. Astapor atroksia [a'troksi͡ a] n. 1lun. owl ātsio ['aːtsi͡ o] n. 3lun tooth averilla [ave'ɾilla] n. 11aq. wine (< avero grape + -illa.) avero [a'veɾo] n. 3lun. grape azandy [a'zandy] n. 2lun. short sword azantyr [a'zantyr] n. 6col.2sol. army (relex. col. of azantys) azantys [a'zantys] n. 2sol. knight, swordsman, soldier, warrior (< azandy + -tys)
people; womankind, all women (relex. col. of ābra) ābrazȳrys [aːbra'zyːɾys] n. 2sol. wife (< ābra + -zȳrys.) addemmagon [ad'demmagon] v. C-fin. to pay, to satisfy, to make good →acc. inanim. object e.g. a debt adere [a'deɾe] adj. II slippery; sleek, smooth; fast, quick aderī [a'deɾiː] adv. soon (adere + -ī) aderves [a'derves] n. 4sol. quickness, sleekness, smoothness āegenka [aːɛ̯'geŋka] adj. I iron (< āegion + enka ) āegion ['aːɛ̯gi͡ on] n. 3ter. iron āeksio ['aːɛ̯ksi͡o ] n. 3lun. master, lord. (cf. āeksion ). āeksion ['aːɛ̯ksi͡o n] n. 3ter. gold (cf. āeksio ). Aeliks ['aɛ̯liks] Aelik- prop. n. 3sol-k Aelix Aerys ['aɛ̯ɾys] prop. n. 2sol. Aerys ajomemēbagon [ajome'meːbagon] v. C-fin. to
B baes [baɛ̯s] n. 3sol-h summit bāne ['baːne] -ior adj. II warm bantāzma [ban'taːzma] n. 1lun. long night (< bantis + -āzma ) bantis ['bantis] n. 5sol. night bardugon ['baɾdugon] bardutan v. V-fin. to
rage on amāzinon [a'maːzinon] n. 3ter. return (prob. < a- + māzigon + -non ) amazverdagon [amaz'veɾdagon] amazvēttan v. C-fin. to recreate, to create (< a- + mazverdagon.) ampa ['ampa] indec. num. ten amplie ['ampli͡e ] -ior num. adj. III tenth angogon ['aŋgogon] angotan v. V-fin. to bite anne ['anne] n. 4lun. horse ānogar ['aːnogar] n. 1aq. blood ao ['aɔ̯] pron. pers. you (sg.) aōha [a'ɔːha] -ys, -on, -or pron. poss. adj. your (sg.) aōhon [a'ɔːhon] pron. poss. yours (sg.) aōhoso [a'ɔːhoso] adv. in your way, as you wish (sg., ins. of aōha ). aōla [a'ɔːla] pron. refl. yourself (sg.) arakhi [a'ɾaxi], arakh [a'ɾax] n. 6for. arakh, a curved sword used by the Dothraki. (< Doth. arakh.) arghugon ['aɾɣugon] v. V-fin. to hunt arghurys ['aɾɣuɾys] n. 2sol. hunter (< arghugon + -tys with rhotacism of the t ) arlī ['aɾliː] adv. back, again (lit. anew , < arlie + -ī.)
write. bartos ['baɾtos] n. 3sol. head bē [beː] postp.→gen. on, on top of, upon; on (the subject of), about belmon ['belmon] n. 3ter. chain. col. belmor bondage belmurtys [bel'muɾtys] n. 2sol. slave master, slaver (prob. belmon + -uragon + -tys.) beqes ['beqes] n. 4sol. sow, female pig bēuvāedagon [beːu'vaːɛ̯dagon] v. loc. appl. to sing about (or upon) bēvilagon [beːviˈlagon] v. C-fin. loc. appl. to be necessary, must bēvilza it is necessary →gen for smn →inf. to ... (lit. to lie upon , < bē- + u- + ilagon.) bēvumbagon [beːˈvumbagon] v. C-fin. loc. appl. to float (lit. to remain above , < bē- + u- + umbagon.) ͡ bianor [ˈbianor] biādr- n. 3aq. ewe, female
sheep biare [ˈbi͡a ɾe] adj. II fortunate, lucky, happy biarves [ˈbi͡a ɾves] n. 4sol. happiness, jubilation, luck, fortune (< biare + ves.) exp. biarvī manaeragon to celebrate 2
bībagon [ˈbiːbagon] v. C-fin. to suck bisa ['bisa] -ys, -on, -or pron. dem. adj. I this prox. anim. bisir ['bisir] pron. dem. 5aq. this one prox. anim. for abstr. or uncount. entities bisy ['bisy] pron. dem. 2lun. this one prox. anim. for concr. count. entities blēnon ['bleːnon] n. 3ter. mountain bode ['bode] n. 5lun. tail bona ['bona] -ys, -on, -or pron. dem. adj. In that dist. anim. bonir ['bonir] pron. dem. 5aq. that one dist. anim. for abstr. or uncount. entities bony ['bony] pron. dem. 2lun. that one dist. anim. for concr. count. entities bōsa ['boːsa] -ys, -on, -or adj. I long either temporally or spatially , tall botagon [bo'tagon] v. C-fin. to suffer, to endure; to permit →inst. the thing suffered brāedāzma [braːɛ̯ˈdaːzma] n. 1lun. bronze brāedion [ˈbraːɛ̯di͡ on] n. 3ter. copper brōzagon [ˈbroːzagon] brōstan v. C-fin. to name (< brōzi.) in refl. to call oneself, to be
suffix -ilaros , as if from a verb *dāragon , which either has never existed or is obsolete.) dārion ['daːɾio͡n] n. 3ter-i kingdom dārōñe [daː'ɾoːɲe] adj. II royal (< dārys + ōñe.) dārys ['daːɾys] n. 2sol. king davābagon [da'vaːbagon] v. C-fin. to rain. (cf. daomio n. rain, contains -ābagon ) deks [deks] n. 3sol-k foot dekuragon [deku'ɾagon] v. C-fin. to step. (< deks + -uragon.) dekurūbagon [deku'ɾuːbagon] v. C-fin. to walk. (< dekur- + -ēbagon.) dēmagon ['deːmagon] v. V-fin. to sit dēmalion ['deːmali͡o n] n. 3ter-i throne (< dēmagon + -lion.) derēbagon [de'ɾeːbagon] derēptan v. C-fin. to
gather dīnagon ['diːnagon] dīntan v. to put →acc.
something, in its natural place or container e.g. a sword in a scabbard, but not a sword on a table. In pass. →com. to marry. exp. ozdakonot dīnagon put to flight, chase
named Aelix brōzi [ˈbroːzi] n. 5lun. name (< brōzi.) bughegon [buˈɣegon] v. V-fin. to swim buzdari [buz'daɾi], buzdar [buz'dar] n. 6for. slave (< AV buzdar < Ghiscari.) byka ['byka] -ys, -on, -or adj. I small byllie ['bylli͡e ] -ior num. adj. III sixth bȳre ['byːɾe] -ior num. adj. II six bȳrēpsa [byː'ɾeːpsa] indec. num. sixty bȳrīblie [byː'ɾiːbli͡e ] -ior num. adj. III sixtieth
away dobotēdāves [doboteː'daːves] n. 4sol. ignorance (perh. lit. lack of suffering , cf . botagon.) dohaeragon [do'haɛ̯ɾagon] dohaertan v. C fin. to serve. exp. valar dohaeris all men must serve, the response to the greeting valar morghūlis all men must die. dohaeriros [do'haɛ̯ɾiɾos] n. 3sol. slave (subst. aor. part. of dohaeragon.) dohaertros [do'haɛ̯ɾtros] n. 3sol. one who was previously a slave (Past habitual active part. of dohaeragon.) dōna ['doːna] adj. I-n sweet dōre ['doːɾe] -ior adj. II no dōrenka [doː'ɾeŋka] adj. I made of stone (< dōron + -enka.) dōrenky [doː'ɾeŋky] adj. I stoney one; Stone Man i.e. a person in the late stages of the Grey Plague. dōrī ['doːɾī] pron. indef. adv. never dorolvie [do'ɾolvi͡e ] -ior adj. III not much, few (< dor- + olvie ) dōron ['doːɾon] n. 3ter. stone dōros ['doːɾos] n. 3sol. wall (cf. dōron.) dorzalty [doɾ'zalty] n. 2lun. unburnt one, The Unburnt one of Daenerys Targaryen’s titles (< dor- + zalta + -y cf. zālagon) Dovaogēdy [dovaɔ̯'geːdy] n. 2lun. an Unsullied. col. Dovaogēdyr the Unsullied as
D dāeremagon [daːɛ̯ɾe'magon] v. irreg. to free (< dāez + -emagon.) dāerves ['daːɛ̯ɾves] n. 4sol. freedom. (< dāez + -ves.) dāez [daːɛ̯z] dāerior adj. II-z free dakogon [da'kogon] v. V-fin. to run daomio ['daɔ̯mi͡ o] n. 3lun. rain. col. daomior daor [daɔ̯r], [da'or] adv. not, intj. no daoriot ['daɔ̯ɾi͡o t] pron. indef. adv. nowhere; exp. daoriot jemas it doesn't matter, lit. it leads nowhere daorun ['daɔ̯ɾun] pron. indef. 6pauc.3ter.
nothing daorys ['daɔ̯ɾys] pron. indef. 2sol. no one dāria ['daːɾi͡ a] n. 1lun. queen dārilaros [daːɾi'laɾos] n. 3sol. heir to the throne, crown prince, crown princess (
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epagon [e'pagon] eptan v. C-fin. to ask →dat. (of) smn→acc. a question, favor obl. appl. iepagon (less correctly jepagon ) to ask for →acc. smth, →dat of smn epses ['epses] 4sol. female goat, nanny goat ērinagon [eːri'nagon] v. C-fin. to win ērinnon ['eːrinnon] n. 3ter. victory (< ērinagon + -non ) ezīmagon [e'ziːmagon] v. C-fin. to split. with va+dat. into … insv. hezīmagon
a group. (< do- + vaogēda +-y , cf. vaogemagon.) drakarys [dra'kaɾys] n. 2sol. dragon-fire drāñe ['draːɲe] adj. II wide drēje ['dreːje] adj. II true, correct drējī ['dreːjī] adv. truly; very drīves ['driːves] n. 4sol. truth drīvose actually, in fact, in truth drīvose daor actually not, actually no drōmon ['droːmon] n. 3ter. egg dubāzma [du'baːzma] n. 1lun. cousin by
G
father's sister or mother's brother, cross cousin dubys ['dubys] n. 2sol. sibling; cousin by father's brother or mother's sister, parallel cousin dȳñes ['dyːɲes] 4sol. animal
gadbagi ['gadbagi], gadbag ['gadbag] n.
6for.lun. slave name (< AV gadbag < Ghiscari.) gallie ['galli͡e ] -ior num. adj. III hundredth galry ['galry n. 2lun. hammer gaomagon ['gaɔ̯magon] gōntan v. C-fin. to do; →dat. & inf. to allow, to let gaomilaksir [gaɔ̯mi'laksir] n. 5aq mission (subst. fut. pass. part. of gaomagon , lit. that which is to be done.) gaomon ['gaɔ̯mon] n. 3ter. deed gār [gaːr] indec. num. hundred gēlenka [geː'leŋko] -ys, -on, -or adj. I silvercolored; silver-like, (< gēlion + -enka.) gēlion ['geːli͡o n] n. 3ter-i silver gēlior ['geːli͡ or] n. 6col.3ter-i money (relex. col. of gēlion silver.) gelte ['gelte] n. 4lun helmet gēlȳn ['geːlyːn] n. 6pauc.3ter-i debt (relex. pauc. of gēlion silver.) genes ['genes] n. 4sol. mouse, rat geptot ['geptot] adv. left geralbar [ge'ɾalbar] n. 1aq road (< geron (etc.) + -albar.) geron ['geɾon] n. 3ter. walk geros ilas ['geɾos 'ilas] exp. good bye gerpa ['geɾpa] n. 1lun. fruit; more generally the
E ēbrion ['eːbri͡ on] n. 3ter-i night sky ēdrugon ['eːdrugon] ēdrutan v. V-fin. to sleep eglie ['egli͡e ] -ior adj. III high egros ['egros] n. 3sol. edge; blade; sword (cf. egry.) egry ['egry] n. 2lun. knife (cf. egros.) eleks ['eleks] n. 3sol-k ear elēnar [e'leːnar] n. 1aq? tide (cf. elēni perh. the semantic connection is “rhythm”) elēni [e'leːni] n. 5lun. voice; music (cf. elēnar.) ēlī ['eːliː] adv. first ēlie ['eːli͡e ] -ior adj. III first; primary emagon [e'magon] ēdan v. irreg. to have. 3s.pres.act.ind. ēza, 3pl. ēzi embar ['embar] n. 1aq. sea. col. embrar "the sea(s)", in a more figurative sense embāzma [em'baːzma] n. 1lun. great sea perh. in a metaphorical sense Parmenko Embāzmā The Great Grass Sea of the Dothraki (< embar + -āzma. Note the missing medial -r- in this word.) embōñe [em'boːƞe] -or adj. II aquatic (< embar + -ōñe.); embōñe kēli sea otter endia ['endi͡a ] n. 1lun. west (cf. endie, western) endie ['endi͡ e] -ior adj. III western (adj. formation off of endia.) ēngītsos ['eːŋgiːtsos] n. 3sol. little tongue (< ēngos + -ītsos.) ēngos ['eːŋgos] n. 3sol. tongue; language. muño ēngos mother tongue, native language. Quptenkys Ēngos The
edible part of a plant gevie ['gevi͡ e] Adj. III. beautiful gevives [ge'vives] n. 4sol. beauty (< gevie + -ves.) gīda ['giːda] adj. I. equal, even; steady, by extension calm giēñagon ['gi͡ eːɲagon] v. C-fin. to heal (intransitive), to be healed (perh. giez + ēñagon.) insv. zgiēñagon to heal of wounds etc. as opposed to people. giēñilaros [gi͡ eːɲi'laɾos] n. 3sol. One Who is Not Yet Healed, a term used in Astapor for
Common Tongue enkagon ['eŋkagon] v. C-fin. to owe →inst. smth →acc. to smn. 4
hen [hen] prep.→loc. from, of; →dat. out of hēnka ['heːŋka] adj. I same hēnkirī ['heːŋkiɾiː] adv. together (< hēnka + -ī.) 'adv. in kind henujagon [henu'jagon] hembistan v. irreg. to exit, to leave. (< hen- + u- + jagon.) hepnon ['hepnon] n. 3ter. climb. (< unattested *hep- to climb + -non.) hepvos ['hepvos] n. 3sol. ladder. (< unattested *hep- to climb + *-vos , presumably some sort of instrument-forming suffix .) hezīmagon [he'ziːmagon] v. C-fin. to split, used with instrumental subjects (< a- + ezīmagon.) hēzīr ['heːziːr] adv. henceforth, from now on (< hen + sīr with nasal deletion.) hīghagon [ˈhiːɣagon] v. to scream hīlagon [ˈhiːlagon] v. C-fin. to hit hobres ['hobres] n. 4sol. male goat, billy goat hontes ['hontes] n. 4sol. bird hoskagon ['hoskagon] v. to make proud (perh. hōzigon + -kagon.) hōzigon ['hoːzigon] v. V-fin. to swell hubon ['hubon] 3ter. rope hunes ['hunes] n. 4sol. rabbit hūra ['huːɾa] 1lun. moon hūrenka [huː'ɾeŋka] -ys -on -or adj. I lunar (< hūra + -enka.)
Unsullied in training (subst. future part. of giēñagon. AV ginilaro.) giez [gi͡ ez] gier- adj. II-z whole gīmigon ['giːmigon] v. V-fin. to know gīs ['giːs] gīh- n. 3sol-h soul glaesagon ['glaɛ̯sagon] v. C-fin. to live; used with adv. to describe state of wellbeing : Skorkydoso glaesā? How are you?, Syrī glaesan I'm good. glaeson ['glaɛ̯son] n. 3ter. life. Col.glaesor life (slightly more abstr.) gō [goː] postp.→gen. under, beneath, below; before adv. under, beneath, below; before gōvilagon [goːvi'lagon] v to lie below →acc. (< gō- + u- + ilagon.) grēges ['greːges] n. 4sol. louse grevenka [greˈveŋka] -ys -on -or adj. I round (< grevy + -enka.) grevy [ˈgrevy] n. 2lun. wheel gryves ['gryves] n. 4sol. bear guēse ['gu͡ eːse] n. 4lun. tree guēsin ['gu͡ eːsin] n. 6pauc.4lun. forest (pauc. of guēse.) gūrēñagon [guː'ɾeːɲagon] gūrēntan v. C-fin. to learn (perh.gūrogon + -ēñagon.) gūrogon ['guːɾogon] gūrotan v. V-fin. to take; in the reflexive to earn, merit, deserve gūrotrir ['guːɾotrir] n. 6col.5aq. that which
one has earned, that which one deserves, one's due, just deserts (col. subst. perf. part. of gūrogon.)
I iā ['i͡a ː] conj. or iāpa ['aːpa] n. 1lun. mother's older brother, i͡
H
maternal uncle older than mother iāpanna [ia͡ː'panna] n. 1lun. mother's older brother's child, cousin by maternal uncle older than mother iāragon ['i͡a ːɾagon] v. C-fin. to flow īby ['iːby] 2lun. bone idaña [i'daɲa] n. 1lun. twin (cf. idañe.) idañe [i'daɲe] -or adj. II fellow (cf. idaña.) iderēbagon [ide'ɾeːbagon] iderēptan v. C fin. to chose, select. +dat: the thing selected,
hae [haɛ̯] prep.→loc. as, like hāedar ['haːɛ̯dar] n. 1aq. younger sister;
younger female cousin by father's brother or mother's sister hakogon ['hakogon] v. V-fin. to pull hāre ['haːɾe] -ior num. adj. II three hārēpsa ['haːɾeːpsa] indec. num. thirty hārīblie [haː'ɾiːbli͡e ] num. adj. III thirtieth havon ['havon] n. 3ter. bread havor [ˈhavoɾ] n. 6col.3ter. food (relex. col. of havon bread.) hēdrȳ ['heːdryː] postp.→gen. from amongst (prob. hen + rȳ , with nasal
+acc: the person for whom the thing is selected (this applies even in the passive) (< i- + derēbagon.) iderennon [ide'ɾennon] n. 3ter. choice (< iderēb- + -non.) iēdar ['i͡e ːdar] n. 1aq. water col. iēdrar poetic for sea iemny ['i͡e mny] n. 2lun. stomach
deletion.) hegagon [he'gagon] v. C-fin. to slaughter hegnīr ['hegniːr] adv. like that, in that way; conj. →subj. so that hembar ['hembar] adv. next (< pār , presumably with hen ).
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iemnȳ ['i͡e mnyː] postp.→gen. within more emphatic than using the bare locative. (loc. of iemny stomach.) ilagon [i'lagon] v. C-fin. to lie, to be in a certain place. Original meaning to lay straight preserved in expression geros ilas good bye , lit. something like may the path lie straight. (cf. ilie straight .) ilie [ˈili͡e ] adj. III straight (cf. ilagon to lie (straight) ). īlinuragon [iːlinu'ɾagon] īlinurtan v. C-fin. ? to crucify (Contains -uragon.) ilīrigon [i'liːɾigon] v. V-fin. to smile upon →acc. (< *līrigon to smile ) ilīritan īlon ['iːlon] pron. pers. we īlōnda [iː'loːnda] pron. refl. ourselves īlva ['iːlva] -ys, -on, -or pron. poss. adj. our īlvon ['iːlvon] pron. poss. ours ilzigon ['ilzigon] ilzitan v. V-fin. to throw imāzigon [i'maːzigon] imāstan v. V-fin. to attend an event. (< i- + māzigon lit. to come for.) imorghūljagon [imoɾ'ghuːʎagon] imorghūltan v. C-fin. to die for (< i- + morghuljagon.) indigon ['indigon] v. V-fin. to push inkon ['iŋkon] n. 3ter. back inkot ['iŋkot] behind (the locative or dative case of inkon.) Ionos ['i͡o nos] n. 3sol. Jonos, Jon a common name iōragon ['i͡o ːɾagon] v. C-fin. to be standing, to
izunnie [i'zunni͡ e] -ior num. adj. III fourth
J jaedos ['jaɛ̯dos] n. 3sol. summer Jaedria ['jaɛ̯dria͡] prop. n. 1aq. the Summer Isles usage unclear: it is not known whether this name is in the the singular, plural, or even collective (< jaedos + -ria.) jaehio [jaɛ̯hi͡o ] n. 3lun goddess jaelagon ['jaɛ̯lagon] jēldan v. C-fin. to want, to
wish jaes [jaɛ̯s] jaeh- n. 3sol-h god, deity (male or female) jagon ['jagon] istan v. irreg. to go jāha ['jaːha] -ys, -on, -or pron. poss. adj. its, his,
her jāhon ['jaːhon] pron. poss. its, his, hers jāla ['jaːla] pron. refl. itself, himself, herself jaos [jaɔ̯s] jaoh- n. 3sol-h dog jaqiarza [ja'qi͡a ɾza] adj. I glorious (Aor. passive part. of unknown verb *jaqagon , perhaps from a-|z- + raqagon.) jaqiarzir [ja'qi͡ aɾzir] n. 5aq. glory (Type 2 substantive of jaqiarza.) jazdan [jazdan] n. 6for. harpy (< AV jazdan < Ghiscari) jēda ['jeːdar] n. 1lun. season, time jēdar ['jeːdar] n. 1aq. sky (cf. jēda time and jēdar year. Possibly originally a collective, like lentor.) col. jēdrar sky jēdar ['jeːdar] n. 6col.1aq. year (col. of jēda time.) jehikagon [jehiˈkagon] jehittan v. C-fin. to shine. →acc. to shine on, illuminate (perh. jaeh- + -ikagon?) jehikarȳ [jehiˈkaɾyː] postp.→gen. in the presence of (< jehikarys.) jehikarys [jehiˈkaɾys] n. 2sol. radiance, glow; presence (< jehikagon.) jēlēbagon [jeːˈleːbagon] v. C-fin. to blow (from a root *jēl- , seen in jelmion etc., + -ēbagon.) jelmāzma [jelˈmaːzma] n. 1lun. storm. Gen. Jelmāzmo Stormborn. (< jelmio + -āzma.) jelmio ['jelmi͡o ] n. 3lun. wind. Col. jelmior ['jelmi͡o r] wind collectively , weather. (cf. jēlēbagon ) jelmōñe [jel'moːɳe] -or adj. III. northern (< jelmor + -ōñe.) jelmor ['jelmor] n. 3aq. north (related to jelmio.) jemagon [jeˈmagon] jentan v. to lead someone →acc., from something →acc(?), to something
stand. iōrtan iōrves ['i͡o ːɾves] n. 4sol. cold, coldness (< iosre + -ves.) iosre ['i͡o sre], ioje ['io͡je] -ior adj. II cold iotāptegon [io͡taːptegon] v. V-fin. to respect; to consider (< i- + otāp- +-tegon.) ipradagon [ipra'dagon] iprattan v. C-fin. to eat (In origin the applicative of *pradagon , a verb of uncertain meaning, but in any case not reated to eating. It supplanted kisagon as the word for to eat.) irudy [i'ɾudy] n. 2lun. gift issaros ['issaɾos] n. 3sol person (prob. subst. pres.part. of sagon , lit. being.) ivestragon [i'vestragon] ivestretan v. C-fin. to tell, to say to (< i- + vestragon.) ivīlībagon [iviː'liːbagon] v. C-fin. to fight for →acc. (< i- + vīlībagon to fight.) izula [i'zula] -ys, -on, -on num. adj. I four izulēpsa [i'zuleːpsa] indec. num. forty izulīblie [izu'liːbi͡e ] -ior num. adj. III fortieth
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→dat?loc?; daoriot jemas it doesn't matter, lit. it leads nowhere. (possibly in origin i- + emagon , but this is uncertain, and in any case the verb conjugates regularly) jeme ['jeme] pron. pers. you (plur.) jemēla [je'meːla] pron. refl. ourselves jenigon [je'nigon] v. V-fin. ? to bother jēnqa ['jeːɴqa] -ys, -on, -on num. adj. I eight jēnqelie ['jeːɴqeli͡e ] -ior num. adj. III eighth jēnqēpsa [jeːɴ'qeːpsa] indec. num. eighty jēnqīblie [jeːɴ'qiːbli͡e ] -ior num. adj. III eightieth jention ['jenti͡o n] n. 3ter-i leadership. (< jemagon.) jentys ['jentys] n. 2sol. leader, ruler, commander. (< jemagon.) jepagon see epagon jeson ['jeson] n. 3ter. dust jeva ['jeva] -ys, -on, -or pron. poss. adj. your
K
(pl.) jevon ['jevon] pron. poss. yours (pl.) jikagon [ji'kagon] jittan v. to send (prob. jagon + -kagon.) jiōragon ['ji͡o ːɾagon] v. C-fin. ? to receive (at least in the sense of receiving a guest ) (< i- + iōragon to stand ) with va →dat. to
paternal uncle kesa ['kesa] -ys, -on, -or pron. dem. adj. I this prox. inanim. kesīr ['kesiːr] pron. dem. adv. here (loc. of kesir.) kesir ['kesir] pron. dem. 5aq. this one prox. inanim. for abstr. or uncount. entitites, "this place." kesrio syt because, for; on account of this keskydoso [kesky'doso] adv. in the same way, likewise. (< demonstrative kes- + -kydoso.) kessa ['kessa] intj. yes (3s fut.act.ind. of sagon.) kesy ['kesy] pron. dem. 2lun. this one prox.
kaerīnio [kaɛ̯'ɾiːnio͡] n. 3lun. savior (prob. *kaerīñagon + -io.) kaerīnnon [kaɛ̯'ɾiːnnon] n. 3ter. salvation (prob. *kaerīñagon + -non.) kasta ['kasta] -ys, -on, -or adj. I blue, green kēli ['keːli] n. 5lun. cat, pauc. kēlin herd of cats; qelbōñe kēli river otter; embōñe kēli sea otter keligon [ke'ligon] kelitan v. V-fin. to stop, to come to a stop. Generally used intransitively, except in the perfect passive participle: keliton ended kēlio ['keːli͡o ] n. 3lun. lion (< kēli + -io.) kēlītsos [keː'liːtsos] n. 3sol. little cat (< kēli + -ītsos.) kempa ['kempa] -ys, -on, -or adj. I heavy kepa ['kepa] n. 1lun. father; father's brother,
welcome to. jiōrnon ['ji͡o ːɾnon] n. 3ter. a welcome in acc. pl. excl. welcome! (< jiōragon + -non.) jogeltigon [jo'geltigon] v. C-fin. to silence (prob. contains jo-.) johegagon [johe'gagon] v. C-fin. to continue to slaughter (< jo- + *hegagon to slaughter.) jollōragon [jol'loːragon] v. C-fin. to study +dat.? (< jo-|jor- + lōragon to drill, to bore ) jomōzugon [jo'moːzugon] v. V-fin. to continue to get drunk (< jo- + mōzugon to drink.) jorepagon [joɾe'pagon] v. C-fin. to pray (< jo|jor- + epagon.) →gen. to pray to, to beg jorepnon [joɾe'pnon] n. 3ter. prayer (< jorepagon + -non.) jorhakoɡon [jor̥a'koɡon] v. V-fin. to wring ondossa jorhakogon to wring one's hands (< jor- + hakogon to pull ) jorrāelagon [jor'raːɛ̯lagon] v. C-fin. to hold dear, to love; to need (< jo- + rāelagon.) jumbagon [ˈjumbagon] jumptan v. C-fin. to wait for (< i + umbagon.) jurnegon ['juɾnegon] jūndan v. V-fin. to look at, regard (< i- + urnegon.)
inanim. for concr. count. entities khal [xal], khali ['xali] n. 6for Khal , title used for the leader of a Dothraki horde (< Doth. khal.) khalēsi [xaˈleːsi] n. 6for Khaleesi, Dothraki queen, wife of a khal (< Doth. khaleesi.) kiōs [ki͡o ːs] n. 3sol-h spring kipagon [kipagon] v. to ride kirimves [ki'ɾimves] n. 4sol. joy (< kirine + ves.) kirimvose [ki'ɾimvose], kirimvos [ki'ɾimvos] exp. thank you. (ins. of kirimves.) kirimvose daor no thank you. kirimvose, sȳz iksan thanks, I'm good kirine [ki'ɾine] -ior adj. II happy kisagon [ki'sagon] v. to eat obsolete sense, has an unknown newer sense kisalbar [ki'salbar] n. 1aq. feast (< kisagon + -albar (cf. geralbar ) kivio [ˈkivio͡] n. 3lun. promise
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klios [kli͡o s] klioh- n. 3sol-h fish kona ['kona] -ys, -on, -or pron. dem. adj. In that dist. inanim. konīr ['koniːr] pron. dem. adv. there (loc. of konir.) konir ['konir] pron. dem. 5aq. that one dist. inanim. for abstr. or uncount. entities, that
lēkia ['leːki͡a ] n. 1lun. older brother; older
male cousin by father's brother or mother's sister lenton ['lenton] n. 3ter. house as in a physical building in which one lives. lentor ['lentor] n. 3aq. house in the sense of family, noble line, dynasty. (originally a relexified collective of lenton, which was
place konor ['konor] 3aq. steam, vapor kony ['kony] pron. dem. 2lun. that one dist.
then reanalyzed into a 3aq. noun.) lentor ['lentor] n. 6col.3ter. village (col. of lenton.) lentun ['lentun] n. 6pauc.3ter. community (relexified paucal of lenton.) letagon [le'tagon] v. C-fin. to tie, to bind lilagon [li'lagon] v. C-fin. to dance limagon [li'magon] limatan v. V-fin. to cry lioragon [li͡o 'ɾagon] liortan v. C-fin. to sell liorilaksa [li͡o ɾi'laksa] -ys, -on, -or adj. I for sale (fut.pass.part. of lioragon.) līr [liːr] pron. rel that which (is) for abstr. or uncount. entitites (subst. of lua.) līrinon ['liːɾinon] n. 3ter? smile (< *līrigon to smile + -non.) litse ['litse] adj. II fair, beautiful lo [lo] conj. if (perh. related to lua?) perh. also just as. lo sīr now that lodaor [lodaɔ̯r] conj. otherwise lōgor ['loːgor] n. 6col. ship (cf. loktys.) loktys ['loktys] n. 2sol. sailor. (cf. lōgor.) lopor ['lopor] n. 3aq.3? salt lōragon ['loːragon] v. C-fin. to drill, to bore Takes a dative object. lōz [loːz] adj. II-z wet lua [lu͡a ] pron. rel.adj who, which, that; agrees
inanim. for concr. count. entities korze ['koɾze] n. 4lun. longsword (cf. korzion ) korzion ['korzi͡o n] n. 3ter. steel , especially, but not exclusively Valyrian steel (cf. korze.) kostagon ['kostagon] v. C-fin. to be able, can,
may kostilus ['kostilus] adv. perhaps; exp. please. ( 3s. fut.act.subj. of kostagon , lit. be it possible.) kostion ['kosti͡ on] n. 3ter. power, might (< kostagon + -ion.) kostōba [ko'stoːba] adj. I powerful, strong, mighty (< kostagon ) kris [kris] krih- n. 3sol-h leg krubo ['krubo] n. 3lun. dwarf kustikagon [kusti'kagon] kustittan v. C-fin. to
strengthen, to enable, to encourage (< kostagon + -ikagon.) kydȳbagon [ky'dyːbagon] kydȳptan v. C fin. to measure (prob. contains -bagon.) kyndrir ['kyndrir] n. 6col. intestines Kȳvakio ['ky:vaki͡o ] n. Cyvasse , a Volantene board game (lit. strategist) kȳvanon ['kyːvanon] n. 3ter. plan, strategy (< kȳvagon + -non.)
with head noun's gender, case & number(?) in main clause lurugon [lu'ɾugon] v. V-fin. to fold lȳ [lyː] pron. rel one which (is) for concr. count. entities (subst. of lua.) lyka ['lyka] adj. I quiet, silent lykāpsirī [ly'kaːpsiɾiː] adv. idly (cf. lyka ) lykemagon [lyke'magon] lykēdan v. irreg. to silence (< lyka + emagon) lyks ['lyks] n. 3sol-k peace (cf. lyka ) Lys [lys] Lyh- n. 3sol-h Lys
L laehurlion [laɛ̯'huɾli͡ on] n. 3teri face (perh. laes + -uragon + -lion.) laehurloqitta [laɛ̯huɾlo'qitta] adj. I faceless (< laehurlion face + oqitta.) Laehurloqitti Vali The Faceless
Men laes [laɛ̯s] laeh- n. 3sol-h eye lanta ['lanta] -ys, -on, -on num. adj. I two laodigon ['laɔ̯digon] v. V-fin. to steal lāra ['laːɾa] n. 1lun. crow lēda ['leːda] -ys, -on, -or adj. I filled, full →gen. with., of. (perf. part. of leghagon.) leghagon [le'ɣagon] lēdan v. C-fin. to fill. →acc. the thing being lled, →gen. the
M maegi ['maɛ̯gi] n. 5lun.? wise-woman, witch, wise one (decl. class uncertain) maghagon [ma'ɣagon] v. C-fin. to bring majaqagon [maja'qagon] majattan v. C-fin. to admire (< maz- + raqagon.)
substance with which it is filled, →inst. the instrument by which it is filled.
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manaeragon [ma'naɛ̯ɾagon] v. C-fin. to raise, →acc: to celebrate, biarvī manaeragon to celebrate mandia ['mandia] n. 1lun older sister; older
mīsio ['miːsio] n. 3lun. protector mittys ['mittys] n. 2sol. fool molry ['molry] n. 2lun. horn morghe ['moɾɣe] adj. II dead morghon ['moɾɣon] n. 3ter. death morghūlilare [moɾɣuːli'lare] -ior adj. II mortal (future part. of morghūljagon.) morghūljagon [moɾ'ɣuːʎagon] morghūltan v. C-fin. to die (< morghe + -ūljagon.) of fire to burn out Valar morghūlis All men must die , a common greeting. mōris ['moːɾis] n. 5sol. end, conclusion; loc. or adv. mōrī at the end, finally; va moriot always lit. to the end mōzugon ['moːzugon] v. V-fin. to drink muña ['muɲa] n. 1lun. mother; mother's sister, maternal aunt. Muño ēngos mother tongue. Col. muñar "parents." mundagon ['mundagon] v. to be miserable munnon ['munnon] n. 3ter. sorrow (perh. mundagon + -non?) Mȳr [myːr] prop. n. 3aq. Myr myrdys [myrdys] n. 2sol. or 2lun. deer
female cousin by father's brother or mother's sister massa ['massa] n. 1lun bat massigon ['massigon] v. V-fin. to happen (perh. maz- + sigon , aor. of sagon.) mazemagon [maze'magon] v. irreg. to take. ( lit. come to have , < maz- + emagon ) māzigon ['maːzigon] māstan v. V-fin. to come mazilībagon [mazi'lībagon] v. C-fin. to set (of the sun) (lit. something like come to lie (< maz- + ilībagon , also seen in sytilībagon to belong , < ilagon to lie (down) + ībagon.) mazōregon [maz'oːɾegon] v. V-fin. to accept ( lit. come to hold < maz- + ōregon.) mazverdagon [maz'veɾdagon] mazvēttan v. C fin. to create (lit. come to arrange , < maz- + verdagon.) mele ['mele]-ior adj. II red memēbagon [me'meːbagon] v. C-fin. to advance. ( -ēbagon formation off of unknown verb *memagon.) mentyn ['mentyn] n. 6pauc.2sol. battalion (relex. pauc. of mentys.) mentyr ['mentyr] n. 6col.2sol. army mentys ['mentys] n. 2sol soldier, col. mentyr Merakses [me'ɾakses] n. 4sol. Meraxes , one of the dragons used in Aegon's invasion of Westeros. merbugon ['merbugon] v. V-fin. to be hungry mēre ['meːɾe] -ior num. adj. II one mērī ['meːɾiː] adv. only, alone mhysa ['mysa] n. 1lun. , or n. 6for. the Ghiscari word for mother , widely used in Slaver's Bay. One of Daenerys Targaryen's titles. (< AV mysa < Ghiscari mhysa.) mība ['miːba] -ys, -on, -or adj. I short mijegon [mi'jegon] v. V-fin. to lack. →inst. mirre ['mirre] -ior adj. II any This word has many uses, corresponding almost exactly to those of the English equivalent any ; some. In the sense of all: in the sense of whatever: as opposed to none: with a negative: In the sense of some* mirrī ['mirriː] adv. a bit, somwhat (< mirre + -ī .) mirros ['mirros] pron. indef.something, anything? (substantive of mirre.) mīsagon ['miːsagon] v. to defend, to protect. →acc. of the thing protected
N nābēmagon [naː'beːmagon] v. to unfasten, to
unleash; to fire a siege engine (< nā- + *bēmagon , presumably meaning to fasten, restrain .) ñābranna [ɲaː'branna] n. 1lun. father's younger sister's child, cousin by paternal aunt younger than father nādīnagon [naː'diːnagon] v. to remove (< nā- + dīnagon ) naejon ['naɛ̯ jon] n. 3ter. front naejos ['naɛ̯ jos] n. 3sol. breast (cf. naejon.) naejot ['naɛ̯ jot] postp.→gen. in front of; adv. forward. (loc/dat. of naejon.) naena ['naɛ̯na] -ys, -on, -or num. n. 1lun. countless number (cf. naenie ). naenie ['naɛ̯ni͡ e] -ior adj. III many (cf. naena ). nagegon [na'gegon] v. V-fin. to sweat nāgīdāves [naːgiː'daːves] n. 4sol. Inequality nākostōbāves [na:kosto:'ba:ves] n. 4sol. weakness (< nā- + kostōba + -ves.) ñāmar ['ɲaːmar] n. 3aq. father's younger
sister, paternal aunt younger than father nāmorghūlilare [naːmoɾɣuːli'lare] -ior adj. II immortal (< nā- + morghūljagon.) nāmorghūlilaros [naːmoɾɣuːli'laros] n. 3sol. immortal nāpāsiros [naː'paːsiros] n. 3sol. unbeliever nāpāstys [naː'paːstys] n. 2sol. unbeliever 9
ñāqa ['ɲaːqa] adj. I eastern. ñāqes ['ɲaːqes] n. 4sol. dawn nāvar ['naːvar] n. 1aq. lake nēdenka [neː'deŋka] adj. I brave nēdenkirī [neː'deŋkiɾiː] adv. bravely nēdys ['neːdys] n. 2sol brave person nehugon [ne'hugon] v. V-fin. to leak →inst. the substance leaked. ānogrosa nehugon to bleed insv. anehugon to leak with impersonal subjects. nekēpty [ne'keːpty] n. 2lun. idol (< * nekēbagon , cf. nektogon ) nektogon ['nektogon] v. V-fin. to cut ñellyr ['ɲellyr] n. 6col.2?. skin, flesh va ñellyrty perzys fire made flesh ñepegon ['ɲepegon] v. V-fin. to sew ñōghe ['ɲoːɣe] n. 4lun arm ñōghoqitta [ɲoːɣo'qitta] adj. I armless (< ñōghe + -oqitta.) ñombes ['ɲombes] n. 4sol elephant nopāzma [no'paːzma] n. 1lun hell ñuha ['ɲuha] -ys, -on, -or pron. poss. adj. my ñuhon ['ɲuhon] pron. poss. 3ter. mine ñuhoso [ɲu'hoso] adv. in my way, as I wish (ins. of ñuha.) nūmāzma [nuː'maːzma] n. 1lun. meaning, essence (prob. nūmo + -āzma.) nūmio ['nuːmi͡o ] n. 3lun. pearl (cf. nūmo) nūmo ['nuːmo] n. 3lun. seed (cf. nūmio) ñuqir ['ɲuqir] n. 5aq. ashes nuspes ['nuspes] 4sol. cow, female head of
ondor ['ondor] n. 6col.3sol. power (relex. col. of ondos.) ondos ['ondos] n. 3sol. hand. ondoso ['ondoso] postp.→gen. by, at the hand of, used with passive verbs to mark the agent. (Ins. of ondos.) onduragon [ondu'ragon] v. C-fin. to take up (< ondos + -uragon ) ōños ['oːɲos] n. 3sol. light ōrbar ['oːɾbar] n. 1aq. smoke ōregon ['oːɾegon] v. V-fin. to hold ospȳnagon [os'spyːnagon] v. C-fin. to squeeze ossēnagon [os'seːnagon] v. C-fin. to kill, to slay. (< oz- + sēnagon.) ossȳngagon [os'syːŋgagon] v. to terrify, terrorize (Etymology unknown but does not contain oz- , and is not primordially related to zūgagon.) ossȳngnon [os'syːŋgnon] n. 3ter. terror (< ossȳngagon + -non.) otāpagon [o'taːpagon] v. to think ōtor ['oːtor] n. 3aq. ram, male sheep ovoño [o'voɲo] n. 3lun. jasmine flower ozbāragon [o'zbaːɾagon] ozbārtan v. C fin. ? to brand (contains oz-.) ozdakonon [ozda'konon] n. 3ter. run, flight, running away (< oz- + dakogon + non ) ozdakonot dīnagon put to flight,
chase away ozzālagon [oz'zaːlagon] v. C-fin. to burn away (< oz- + zālagon.)
cattle nyke ['nyke] pron. pers. I nykēla [ny'keːla] pron. refl. myself
P paez [paɛ̯z] Adj. II-z slow paghagon [pa'ɣagon] v. C-fin. breathe paktot ['paktot] adv. to the right; to the side,
O obar ['obar] n. 1aq. curve obūljagon [o'buːʎagon] v. C-fin. to bend refl. to bend the knee, to surrender (cf. obar ) obūljarion [o'buːʎaɾi͡o n] n. 3ter. surrender ōdres ['oːdres] n. 4sol. pain; damage ōdrikagon [oː'drikagon] v. C-fin.? to harm ōdrio ['oːdri͡ o] n. 3lun. wound (cf. ōdres ) ōghar ['oːɣar] n. 1aq. hair ohīlagon [oˈhiːlagon] v. C-fin. to stab (poss. oz- + hīlagon.) oiro [o'iro] n. 3lun. fat ojehikagon [ojehiˈkagon] ojehittan v. C-fin. to bless. (< oz- + jehikagon.) ojughagon [oju'ɣagon] ojūdan v. C-fin. to lose (< oz- + rughagon.) oktion ['okti͡o n] n. 3ter. city olvie ['olvi͡e ] olvior adj. III much, many
beside pālegon ['paːlegon] v. V-fin. to turn, to twist,
to rotate pāletilla [paːle'tilla] n. 11aq. crown (< pālegon + -illa.) pamagon [pa'magon] v. C-fin. to rub pār [paːr] HVpron then, at that time parklon ['paɾklon] n. 3ter. meat parmon ['paɾmon] n. 3ter. grass pāsagon ['paːsagon] pāstan v. C-fin. to trust esp. in perf., believe esp. in imperf. pēko ['peːko] n. 3lun olive pelar ['pelar] n. 1aq wave peldio ['peldi͡o ] n. 3lun. snake, viper (possibly from a verb root *pel- meaning something like to wiggle, undulate, wave? Cf. pelar.)
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pelōñe [pe'loːɲe] adj. II coming from the
qilōnagon [qi'loːnagon] qilontan v. C-fin. ? to scourge (cf. qilōny whip.) qilōnarion [qi'loːnaɾi͡o n] n. 3ter. punishment (subst. part. from qilōnagon to scourge.) qilōny [qi'loːny] n. 2lun. whip qintir ['qintir] n. 5aq. turtle qlādugon ['qlaːdugon] v. V-fin. to drag qogron ['qogron] n. 3ter. line (prob. in the military sense; see qogror below.) qogror ['qogror] n. 6col.3ter. ranks; class, type, gender (relex. collective of qogron ) qopsa ['qopsa] -ys, -on, -or adj. I hard, difficult qrīdronnor [qriː'dronnor] n. 6col.3ter. Chaos. (< qrin- + rholagon + -non , lit. (pejorative) mixture.) qrīdrughagon [qriːdru'ɣagon] v. C-fin. to throw away. (< qrin- + rughagon ) qrillaetagon [qril'laɛ̯tagon] v. C-fin.? to rape (contains qrin-.) qrimbrōzagon [ˈqrimbroːzagon] qrimbrōstan v. C-fin. to curse (lit. to name badly , < qrin- + brōzagon.) qrimbughegon [qrimbuˈɣegon] v. V-fin. to drown (< qrin- + bughegon.) qringaomagon [qriŋ'gaɔ̯magon] v. C-fin. to
waves (< pelar + -ōñe) pendagon ['pendagon] v. V-fin. to wonder perzys ['peɾzys] n. 2sol. fire, flame; zīrtys perzys frozen fire, dragonglass, obsidian. col. perzyr fire as a substance. pikībagon [pi'kiːbagon] v. C-fin. to read. (< *pikagon + -ībagon.) pikīptan pilogon [pi'logon] v. V-fin. to hold pirta ['piɾta] adj. III false pirtir ['piɾtir] n. 5aq. falsehood, lie (subst. of pirta.) pogry ['pogry] n. 2lun. nail pōja ['poːja] -ys, -on, -or pron. poss. adj. their pōjon ['poːjon] pron. poss.pron theirs pōnta ['poːnta] pron. pers. they pōntāla [poːn'taːla] pron. pers. themselves pragrion ['pragrio͡n] n. 3ter. bark prūbres ['pruːbres] n. 4sol apple prūmia ['pruːmi͡ a] n. 1lun. heart pryjagon [pry'jagon] pryjatan v. V-fin. to destroy, to strike off pryjatys [pry'jatys] n. 2sol. destroyer, breaker (< pryjagon + -tys.) puatta [ˈpu͡a tta] -ys, -on, -or adj. I rotten pungilla [puŋ'gilla] n. 1aq. nostril (< pungos + -illa.) pungos ['puŋgos] n. 3sol. nose puñila [pu'ɲila] adj. I worn, weather beaten; of language proficiency rusty purtagon ['purtagon] v. C-fin. to scratch pyghagon [py'ɣagon] pȳdan pykagon [py'kagon] v. C-fin. to spit pyrys ['pyɾys] num. 2sol. thousand col. ins. pyryrzy by the thousands
fail, to err, to sin. (< qrin- + gaomagon.) qringōntan qringaomio [qriŋ'gaɔ̯mi͡o ] n. 3lun. evildoer (< qringaomagon + -io.) qringaomnon [qriŋ'gaɔ̯mnon] n. 3ter. sin (< qringaomagon + -non.) hen pōjo qringaomnoti for their sins qrinuntenka [qrinun'teŋka] adj. I antagonistic qrinuntenkāves [qrinunteŋ'kaːves] n. 4sol. antagonism qrinuntys [qri'nuntys] n. 2sol. enemy qryldes ['qryldes] 4sol. male pig quba [ˈquba] -ys, -on, -or adj. I bad qumblie ['qumbli͡e ] adj. III thick qupēgrie [qup'eːgri͡e ] adj. III terrible (< possibly the same root as in quba + ēgrie.) quptenka [qup'teŋka] -ys, -on, -or adj. I pagan; Quptenkys Ēngos The Common Tongue; (< quptys.) quptys ['quptys] n. 2sol. heathen qurdon [ˈquɾdon] n. 3ter. table qūvy [ˈquːvy] n. 2lun. tear qȳbor ['qyːbor] n. 3aq. mother's younger brother, maternal uncle younger than mother
Q qablos ['qablos] n. 3sol. liver qana [ˈqana] -ys, -on, -or adj. I-n sharp qanemagon [qane'magon] v. irreg. to sharpen. (< qane + -emagon.) qanēdan qelbar ['qelbar] n. 1aq. river qelbōñe [qel'boːɲe] adj. II that lives/comes from the river (< qelbar + -ōñe.) qelbōñe kēli river otter Qelbria ['qelbri͡ a] prop. n. 11aq. the Riverlands (< qelbar + -ria.) qeldlie ['qeldlq] -ior adj. III yellow, golden-
colored qēlītsos ['qeːliːtsos] n. 3sol. candle (< qēlos + -ītsos , lit. app. little star.) qēlos ['qeːlos] n. 3sol. star (original meaning may be torch: cf. qēlītsos.) 11
qȳbranna [qyː'branna] n. 1lun. mother's
riña ['riɲa] n. 1lun. girl, maiden; child col. riñar children riñītsos [ri'ɲiːtsos] n. 3sol. little child; little girl ( riña + -ītsos.) ripo ['ripo] n. 3lun. the pit or stone of a fruit. rīza ['riːza] n. 1lun. reptile, lizard rizmon ['rizmon] n. 3ter. sand rōbir ['roːbir] n. 5aq. fig ropagon [ro'pagon] ropatas v. V-fin. to fall rōva ['roːva] , comp. rōvykta adj. I big rōvēgrī [roː'veːgriː] adv. greatly, enormously (< rōvēgrie + -ī.) rōvēgrie [roː'veːgri͡ e] adj. III great, excellent (< rōva + -ēgrie.) rōvēgrior intj. "excellent" ruaka [ˈru͡ aka] adj. I dull ruaragon [ru͡a'ɾagon] v. C-fin. hide (oneself); hen→dat from. rudigon [ru'digon] v. V-fin. dig rughagon [ru'ɣagon] rūdan v. C-fin. to drop; in the reflexive to quit rūklon ['ruːklon] n. 3ter. flower Rullor [rul'lor] 6for R'hllor, the Lord of Light (possibly from Asshai'i.) rūs [ruːs] n. 3sol-h baby, child rȳ [ryː] post.→gen. between, through, across,
younger brother's child, cousin by maternal uncle younger than mother
R raedes ['raɛ̯des] 4sol. scorpion rāelagon ['raːɛ̯lagon] v. C-fin. to hold rāenābagon [raːɛ̯'naːbagon] v. C-fin. to wash (< rāena- + -ēbagon.) rāenagon ['raːɛ̯nagon] v. C-fin. to wipe rāenion ['raːɛ̯ni͡ on] 3ter-i shore (probably connected to rāenagon and rāenābagon , with the idea of the land that the sea washes.) rāpa ['raːpa] adj. I soft rāpūljagon [raː'puːʎagon] rāpūltan v. C-fin. to soften. ( rāpa + -ūljagon.) raqagon [ra'qagon] rattan v. C-fin. ? to like, to love "lighter" than jorrāelagon, to enjoy raqiarzy [ra'qi͡ aɾzy] n. 2lun beloved raqiros [ra'qiros] n. 3sol. friend raqnon ['raqnon] n. 3ter. love rēbagon [reː'bagon] v. to walk, to pass relgos ['relgos] n. 3sol. mouth remio ['remi͡o ] n. 3lun. gate renigon [re'nigon] v. V-fin. to touch with the hand Rhaegal ['r̥aɛ̯gal] n. 6for. Rhaegal a dragon’s name rhaenagon ['r̥aenagon] rhēdan v. C-fin. to
throughout rȳbagon ['ryːbagon] ryptan v. C-fin. to hear ryptegon ['ryptegon] v. V-fin. to listen (eventative of rȳbagon.) rytsa ['rytsa] adj. I healthy rytsas ['rytsas] exp. hello. (< rytsa )
meet; to find to begin rhēdegon ['r̥eːdegon] v. V-fin. to know a person, to be acquainted with (the eventative form of rhaenagon, to meet.) rhinka ['r̥iŋka] adj. I (of a material or texture) rough, coarse; by extension unpleasant rholagon [r̥o'lagon] v. C-fin. to mix rhovagon [r̥o'vagon] v. C-fin. to bark (perh.
S saelie ['saɛ̯li͡ e] -ior num. adj. III third sagon ['sagon] istan v. irreg. to be. 3g pres. issa and fut. kessa may be used to mean yes sambar ['sambar] n. 1aq. cloud sambrar ['sambrar] n. 6col.1aq. fog (col. of sambar.) se [se] conj. and sēnagon ['seːnagon] sēntan v. C-fin. to kill sepār ['sepaːr] conj. and esp. where consecutivity is implied; and then, next; just as; so then (< se + pār ). sesīr ['sesiːr] conj. even; and now; and so. (< se and + sīr now.) sētegon ['seːtegon] v. V-fin. to make poss. more specifically to forge sēter ['seːter] n. 3aq. magic spell, enchantment (perh. akin to sētegon.) sīglie ['siːgli͡e ] -ior num. adj. III seventh
onomatopoeic) rijagon [ri'jagon] riddan v. C-fin. to praise. (cf. rijes.) rijes [ri'jes] n. 4sol. praise. (cf. rijagon.) rijes aōt praise to you , poss. an expression for congratulations! rijībagon [ri'jiːbagon] v. C-fin. to worship (< rijagon + -ībagon.) rijīblion [ri'jiːbli͡o n] n. 3ter-i temple (< rijībagon + -lion.) rijnor ['rijnor] n. 6col.3ter. praise ( col. of *rijnon < rijagon + non.) Rijnondi praise (to you) poss. an expression for congratulations
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sigligon ['sigligon] v. V-fin. to bear again (< sikagon + -ligon.) in the passive to be
suvion [ˈsuvio͡n ] n. 3ter-i ice sylugon [sy'lugon] sylutan v. V-fin. to try (cf. sylvia.) sylutegon [sylu'tegon] v. V-fin. trans. to taste something (eventative of sylugon ). sylvia ['sylvi͡a ] n. 1lun. wisdom (cf. sylugon , the sense being experience.) sylvie ['sylvi͡e ] adj. III wise sȳndor ['syːndor] n. 3aq. shadow sȳndror darkness sȳrī [ˈsyːɾiː] adv. well syt [syt] postp.→gen. for Skoro syt? Why? sytiderēbagon [sytide'ɾeːbagon] sytiderēptan v. C-fin. to chose for, select for. →acc: the person for whom the thing is selected →dat. the thing selected sytilībagon [syti'liːbagon] v. C-fin. to belong. (prob. < syt- + il- + -ībagon.) sytivīlībagon [sytiviː'liːbagon] v. C-fin. to fight for →acc. (< syt- + i- + vīlībagon "to fight".) sȳz [syːz] sȳrior adj. II-z good
born again sikagon [si'kagon] sittan v. C-fin. to give birth to, to bear (prob. sagon , or its aor. sigon , + ikagon.) to light a candle sīkuda ['siːkuda] -ys, -on, -on num. adj. I seven sīkudēpsa ['siːkudeːpsa] indec. num. seventy sīmonagon [siːmo'nagon] sīmontan v. C-fin. to rise sindigon ['sindigon] sindita v. V-fin. to buy sīr [siːr] adv. now lo sīr now that sīudīblie ['siːudiːbli͡e ] -ior num. adj. III seventieth skore ['skoɾe] -ior pron. int. adj. II which for inanim.s, what skorī ['skoɾiː] pron. int. when? conj./ pron. rel when skorion ['skoɾi͡o n] pron. int. 3ter. what esp. for places, mass nouns, and abstract things. skorio syt why skoriot ['skoɾio͡t] pron. int . where? (loc. of skorion.) skorkydoso [skoɾky'doso] pron. int how (< skore + -kydoso.) Skorkydoso glaesā? How are you? skoros ['skoɾos] pron. int. 3sol. what esp. for concr. count. items skoro syt why skorȳso ['skoɾyːso] pron. int why; conj. because properly used in this sense only in response to a question. (instrumental of skoros.) sombāzmion [som'baːzmi͡o n] n. 3ter. castle (< *somby , possibly meaning "shield," cf. sumby , -āzma , -ion.) sōna ['soːna] n. 1lun. snow. gen. col. Sōnaro Snow surname used by acknowledged bastards in The North of Westeros. sōnar ['soːnar] n. 6col.1lun. winter (relex. col. of sōna.) sōpagon ['soːpagon] v. C-fin. to laugh sōvegon ['soːvegon] v. V-fin. to fly sōvemagon ['soːvemagon] v. irreg. to make fly (< sōvegon + -emagon.) spare ['spaɾe] -ior pron. int. adj. II which for anim. sparion ['spaɾi͡o n] pron. int. 3ter. who esp. for mass nouns, and abstr. sparos ['spaɾos] pron. int. who esp. for concr. count. entities. sparo syt For whom? On
T tāemītsos ['taːɛ̯miːtsos] n. 3sol. stick (dimin. of *tāem- + -ītsos , perh. meaning branch.) tala ['tala] n. 1lun. daughter taoba ['taɔ̯ba] n. 1lun. boy Targārien [taɾ'gaːɾi͡ en] n. 4ter. Targaryen a family name tatagon [ta'tagon] tetan v. C-fin. to finish tēgie ['teːgi͡ e] -ior adj. III curved tēgigon ['teːgigon] v. V-fin. intrans. to curve,
be curved tēgir ['teːgir] n. 5aq. curve tegon ['tegon] n. 3ter. ground. pauc. tegun land. col. tegor lands collectively tegōñe [te'goːɳe] -or adj. II terrestrial tegun ['tegun] n. 6col.3ter. land. col. tegor lands collectively . (relex. pauc. of tegon ) temby ['temby] n. 2lun. leaf tembyr ['tembyr] n. 6col.2lun. book. (col. of temby.) tepagon ['tepagon] teptan v. C-fin. to give Thoros ['θoɾos] n. 3sol(?) Thoros , a name. tīkor ['tiːkor] n. 6col.3sol. flock of birds (col. of tīkos.) tīkos ['tiːkos] n. 3sol. feather tīkun ['tiːkun] n. 6pauc.3sol. wing (pauc. of tīkos.) timpa ['timpa] -ys, -on, -or adj. I white tindon ['tindon] n. 3ter. root
account of whom? For whose sake? stepagon ['stepagon] steptan v. C-fin. to share sūmar ['suːmar] sūbr- n. 1aq. tea 13
tista ['tista] -ys, -on, -or adj. I dry tistālior [ti'staːlio͡r] n. 6col?.3ter? bank (poss. < tista ) tolī ['toliː] adv. above; after excessively, too
umbagon [ˈumbagon] umptan v. C-fin. to stay,
to wait, to remain ūñagon [uː'ɳagon] ūntan v. C-fin. to count ūndegon ['uːndegon] ūndetan v. V-fin. to see, to catch sight of, to sight (eventative
more tolie ['toli͡e ] -ior adj. III other (perh. lit. higher , cf. tolī , toliot.) toliot ['toli͡o t] post.→gen. above, over; after tolmio ['tolmi͡o ] 3lun. far side, far wall tolmiot ['tolmio͡t] adv. far post.→gen. across hen tolmiot from afar, from across (loc. of tolmio far side ) tolvie ['tolvi͡e ] -ior adj. III every tolvys ['tolvys] pron. indef. 2sol. everyone tōma ['toːma] -ys, -on, -on num. adj. I-n five tōmelie ['toːmeli͡e ] -ior num. adj. III fifth tōmēpsa [toː'meːpsa] indec. num. fifty tōmīblie [toː'miːbli͡e ] -ior num. adj. III fiftieth tōmītsos [toː'miːtsos] n. 3sol. elderberry (< tōmo + -ītsos.) tōmo ['toːmo] n. 3lun. elderberry plant (< tōma , referring to the five-petaled
of urnegon.) unektogon [u'nektogon] v. V-fin. to cut out. (< u- + nektogon.) urnēbagon [uɾ'neːbagon] v. C-fin. to watch. (< urnegon + -ēbagon.) urnēbion [uɾ'neːbi͡o n] n. 3ter-i watch urnegon ['uɾnegon] ūndan v. V-fin. to see usōvegon [u'soːvegon] v. V-fin. to apologize (< {u- + sōvegon.)
V v. C-fin. to jump; to beat of the heart va [va] prep.→loc. towards, at, near; →dat. to,
all the way up to vāedagon ['vaːɛ̯dagon] vāettan v. C-fin. to sing vāedar ['vaːɛ̯dar] n. 1aq. song vala ['vala] n. 1lun. man exp. valar morghūlis all men must die , a common
blossoms.) trēsy ['treːsy] n. 2lun. son trūma ['truːma] adj. I-n deep trūmirī ['truːmiɾiː] adv. deeply (< trūma + ī.) tubis ['tubis] n. 5sol. day; kesȳ tubī, tubī adv. today turgon [tuɾ'gon] n. 3ter. worm tymagon [ty'magon] tymptan v. C-fin. to play tymptir ['tymptir] n. 5aq. game (< tymagon.) tȳne ['tyːne] -ior num. adj. II second;
greeting, to which the response is valar dohaeris all men must serve valonqar [va'loɴqar] n. 1aq. younger brother;
younger male cousin by father's brother or mother's sister Valyria [va'lyɾi͡a ] n. 1lun. Valyria; the Valyrian language. Valyrio, Valyrio udrir the Valyrian language Valyrīha [valy'ɾiːha] adj. I. Valyrian. (< Valyria + -sīha.) Valyrīhy [valy'ɾiːhy] n. 2lun. Valyrian , i.e. a Valyrian person , or a person from the Valyrian peninsula. (Subst. form of Valyrīha.) valzȳrys [val'zyːɾys] n. 2sol. husband (< vala + -zȳrys.) vamiot ['vami͡o t] adv. near vandis ['vandis] n. 5sol. bull, male head of
secondary tyvagon [tyˈvagon] tȳdan v. C-fin. to crawl, to creep tyvaros [tyˈvaɾos] n. sol. serpent, snake (< tyvagon.)
U
cattle
ubles ['ubles] n. 4sol. eel udir ['udir] n. 5aq. word; news (cf. ȳdragon.) udligon [u'dligon] udlitan v. V-fin. to respond, to answer (poss. < udir + -ligon.) udrāzma [u'draːzma] n. 1lun. command (< udir- + -āzma.) udrir ['udrir] n. 6col.5aq. language (relex. col. of udir.) uēmagon ['u͡e ːmagon] v. C-fin. to vomit uēpa ['u͡e ːpa] adj. I old ūja ['uːja] pron. pers. it, he, she (terrestrial & aquatic)
vaogemagon [vaɔ̯ge'magon] vaogēdan v. irreg. to sully, to defile (< vaog- + emagon , also seen in seen in vaogenka ) vaogenka [vaɔ̯'geŋka] -ys, -on, -or adj. I dirty (< vaog- , as in dovaogedy , + -enka.) vaokses ['vaɔ̯kses] n. 4sol. spider. (perh. related to vaogenka?) vaoresagon ['vaɔ̯ɾesagon] v. C-fin. to prefer, to favor →gen/dat. (perh. < va- + u- + * resagon ) vaoreznon [vaɔ̯'ɾeznon] n. 3ter. favor (< vaoresagon + -non.)
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vasīr ['vasiːr] adv. still, as yet, so far (< va + sīr.) vasrie ['vasri͡e ], vajie ['v ajie͡] -ior adj. III thin vēdros ['veːdros] n. 3sol. anger vējes ['veːjes] n. 4sol. fate, doom (including The Doom of Valyria) in the ins.: intj. Vējose! By fate! vējōñe [veː'joːɳe] -or adj. III. southern (< vēzor + -ōñe.) velkrys ['velkrys] 2sol. stag, male deer velma ['velma] n. 1lun. father's older sister,
vys [vys] vyh- n. 3sol-h? world
Y ybon ['ybon] n. 3ter. knee ȳdragon ['yːdragon] v. V-fin. to speak; →inst. a language ȳgha ['yːɣa] adj. I safe yknagon ['yknagon] v. V-fin. to smell yn [yn] conj. but yne, ynot etc., see nyke ȳrda ['yːrda] -ys, -on, -or adj. I narrow ȳrgos ['yːrgos] n. 3sol. neck ȳs [yːs] yv- n. 3sol-v art Yunkai ['juŋkai]̯ Yunkaih- prop. n. 6for.
paternal aunt older than father velmanna [vel'manna] n. 1lun. father's older sister's child, cousin by paternal aunt older than father verdagon ['veɾdagon] vēttan v. C-fin. to arrange; to make →acc. a decision verdligon ['veɾdligon] verdlitan v. V-fin. to remake, to recreate (< verdagon + -ligon.) Vesteros ['vesteros] n. 3sol. Westeros vestragon ['vestragon] vestretan v. C-fin. to say; it seems w. impersonal subject →dat. to someone vestretir ['vestretir] n. 5aq. proclamation, statement vestriarzir [ves'tria͡ɾzir] n. 5aq story vēttir ['veːttir] n. 5aq. law a specific one, regulation col. vēttrir the law in general (< verdagon , lit. what has been arranged. ) vēzenka [veː'zeŋka] adj. I solar vēzor ['veːzor] vēj- n. 3aq. south (< vēzos.) vēzos ['veːzos] n. 3sol. sun vīlībagon [viː'liːbagon] v. C-fin. to fight vīlībāzma [viːliː'baːzma] n. 1lun. war, battle, combat instr. vīlībāzmosa by combat of a
Yunkai
Z zālagon ['zaːlagon] zaltan v. C-fin. to burn. va daorunta zālagon to burn away, to burn to
nothing zaldrīzes [zal'driːzes] n. 4sol. dragon. (< zālagon + rīza , lit. fire lizard ) zentys ['zentys] n. 2sol. guest ziksoso [zi'ksoso] adv. in his way, as he wishes (unknown source; cf. ñuhoso & aōhoso for which corresponding form should be *zȳhoso.) zīragon ['ziːɾagon] zīrtan v. C-fin. to freeze. zīrtys perzys frozen fire,
dragonglass, obsidian ziry ['ziɾy] pron. he, she, it (solar & lunar) zirȳla [zi'ɾyːla] pron. refl. himself, herself, itself zōbrie ['zoːbri͡e ], -ior adj. III dark; black zokla ['zokla] n. 1lun. wolf zoklītsos [zo'kliːtsos] n. 3sol. little wolf zūgagon ['zuːgagon] v. C-fin. to fear →dat.? or
trial vokemagon [voke'magon] v. irreg. to purify (cf. voktys ) voktys ['voktys] n. 2sol. priest, priestess Volantīha [volan'tiːha] adj. I. Volantene vōljes ['voːʎes] n. 4sol. raven vollie ['volli͡e ] -ior num. adj. III ninth vōre ['voːɾe] -ior num. adj. II nine vōrēpsa [voː'ɾeːpsa] indec. num. ninety vōrīblie [voː'ɾiːbli͡e ] -ior num. adj. III ninetieth vūjigon ['vuːjigon] v. V-fin. to kiss
→loc.? zūger ['zuːger] n. perh. 4sol. or 6col. fear zȳha ['zyːha] -ys, -on, -or pron. poss. adj. his,
her, its zȳhon ['zyːhon] pron. poss. his, hers, its
15
Abbreviations → triggers (case) ° unexpected gender abstr . abstract acc. accusative adj. adjective adv. adverb anim. animate aor . aorist aq. aquatic C-fin. consonant-final col. collective concr . concrete conj. conjunction count . countable dat. dative dem. demonstrative dist . distal exp. expression fut . future gen. genitive imperf . imperfect inanim. inanimate indec. indeclinable ins. instrumental intj. interjection intrans. intransitive loc. locative lun. lunar n. noun num. numeral part . participle pauc. paucal pl. plural plup. pluperfect poss. possessive postp. postposition prep. preposition pres. present pron. pronoun, pronominal prop. proper prox . proximal sg . singular smn. someone smth. something sol. solar subst . substantive, substantivized ter. terrestrial trans. transitive uncount . uncountable v. verb V-fin. vowel-final 16
