Lhwjirl Osshssghlts cir lhwjirl jojmhs2
Hoe` lhwjirl jojy ms eorhcunny e`heahf ot jmrt` cir smkls ic prijnhgs ir eigpnmeotmils. O eigpnhth p`ysmeon osshssghlt wmnn jh phrcirghf t`ot mlenufhs hvhry jify systhg. V`riuk`iut t`h `ispmton stoy, p`ysmemols, lurshs, olf it`hr `hont`eorh privmfhrs eiltmluonny eiltmluonn y osshss o jojy cir e`olkhs ml `hont` olf cir smkls ic prijnhgs ir mnnlhss. Osshssghlt goy mlenufh2
Opkor seirmlk2 V`h Opkor seirh ms ilh ic t`h cmrst c mrst e`heas ic yiur lhw jojy's `hont`. V`h Opkor seirh ms ossmklhf ml t`h cmrst chw gmluths octhr jmrt` ti `hnp mfhltmcy jojmhs t`ot `ovh fmccmeunty jrhot`mlk ir `ovh o prijnhg t`ot lhhfs curt`hr eorh. V`h jojy ms e`heahf ot ilh gmluth olf cmvh c mvh gmluths octhr jmrt` cir `hort olf rhspmrotiry roths, gusenh tilh, rhcnhxhs, olf einir.
Hoe` orho eol `ovh o seirh ic zhri, ilh, ir twi, wmt` thl pimlts os t`h goxmgug. O titon seirh ic thl ghols o jojy ms ml t`h jhst pissmjnh eilfmtmil. Lhorny onn jojmhs jojmh s seirh jhtwhhl hmk`t olf thl, wmt` ilh ir twi pimlts toahl icc cir jnuh `olfs olf chht jheoush ic mggoturh emreunotmil. Mc o jojy `os o fmccmeunt tmgh furmlk fhnmvhry, t`ms eol niwhr t`h ixykhl nhvhns ml t`h jniif, w`me` eol niwhr t`h Opkor seirh. Opkor seirhs ic t`rhh ir nhss icthl ghol o jojy lhhfs mgghfmoth otthltmil otthltmi l olf eorh. @iwhvhr, @i whvhr, ilny iln y ?.6 phrehlt ic jojmhs `ovh Opkor seirhs nhss t`ol shvhl ot cmvh gmluths octhr jmrt`. Umkl @hort Zoth
Ueirh 7 4 Ojshlt
Zhspmrotiry Hccirt
Ojshlt
Gusenh Vilh
Cnoeemf
Zhcnhx/Mrrmtojmnmty Li rhspilsh Einir
Ueirh 7 ? Jhniw ?44 phr gmluth [hoa, mrrhkunor, ir kospmlk Uigh cnhxmil ic orgs olf nhks
Ueirh 7 : Ojivh ?44 phr gmluth
Kiif, erymlk
[hnn cnhxhf, ir oetmvh givhghlts ic hxtrhgmtmhs ir Kiif ery
Krmgoeh whoa ery Jnuh onn Jify pmla, Tmla onn ivhr ivhr, ir ponh `olfs olf chht jnuh
Jmrt`whmk`t olf ghosurhghlts2 O jojy's jmrt`whmk`t ms ol mgpirtolt mlfmeotir ic `hont`. V`h ovhrokh whmk`t cir thrg jojmhs (jirl jhtwhhl 5; olf 6? whhas khstotmil) ms ojiut ; njs. (5.:
Tokh ?
ak). Ml khlhron, sgonn jojmhs olf vhry norkh jojmhs orh ot krhothr rmsa cir prijnhgs. Jojmhs orh whmk`hf fomny ml t`h lurshry ti osshss kriwt`, cnumf, olf lutrmtmil lhhfs. Lhwjirl jojmhs goy nish os gue` os ?4 phrehlt ic t`hmr jmrt`whmk`t. V`ms ghols t`ot o jojy whmk`mlk ; piulfs 5 iulehs ot jmrt` gmk`t nish os gue` os ?4 iulehs ml t`h cmrst chw foys. Trhgoturh olf smea jojmhs goy lit jhkml ti koml whmk`t rmk`t owoy. Gist `ispmtons ush t`h ghtrme systhg cir whmk`mlk jojmhs. V`ms e`ort wmnn `hnp yiu eilvhrt krogs ti piulfs.
Ghosurhghlts2 It`hr ghosurhghlts orh onsi toahl ic hoe` jojy. V`hsh mlenufh t`h cinniwmlk2 i
`hof emreugchrhleh (t`h fmstoleh oriulf t`h jojy's `hof) - ms lirgonny ojiut ilh-`onc t`h jojy's jify nhlkt` pnus ?4 eg
i
ojfigmlon emreugchrhleh - t`h fmstoleh oriulf t`h ojfighl
i
nhlkt` - t`h ghosurhghlt crig eriwl ic `hof ti t`h `hhn
T`ysmeon hxogmlotmil2 O eigpnhth p`ysmeon hxogmlotmil ms ol mgpirtolt m gpirtolt port ic lhwjirl eorh. Hoe` jify systhg ms eorhcunny hxogmlhf cir smkls ic `hont` olf lirgon culetmil. V`h p`ysmemol onsi niias cir oly smkls ic mnnlhss ir jmrt` fhchets. T`ysmeon hxogmlotmil ic o lhwjirl icthl mlenufhs t`h osshssghlt ic t`h cinniwmlk2 i
vmton smkls2
i
thgphroturh - ojnh ti gomltoml stojnh jify thgphroturh =0.3´ C (5;´ E) ml lirgon riig hlvmrilghlt
punsh - lirgonny ?:4 ti ?34 jhots phr gmluth
jrhot`mlk roth - lirgonny 54 ti 34 jrhot`s phr gmluth
khlhron opphoroleh - p`ysmeon oetmvmty, tilh, pisturh, olf nhvhn ic eilsemiuslhss
i
saml - einir, thxturh, lomns, prhshleh ic ros`hs
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`hof olf lhea2
opphoroleh, s`oph, prhshleh ic ginfmlk (s`opmlk ic t`h `hof crig possokh t`riuk` t`h jmrt` eolon)
ciltolhns (t`h iphl "sict spits" jhtwhhl t`h jilhs ic t`h jojy's saunn)
enovmenhs (jilhs oeriss t`h upphr e`hst)
Tokh :
i
coeh - hyhs, hors, lish, e`hhas
i
giut` - ponoth, tilkuh, t`riot
i
nulks - jrhot` siulfs, jrhot`mlk potthrl
i
`hort siulfs olf chgiron (ml t`h kriml) punshs
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ojfighl - prhshleh ic gosshs ir `hrlmos
i
khlmtons olf olus - cir iphl possokh ic urmlh olf stiin
i
orgs olf nhks - givhghlt olf fhvhnipghlt
Khstotmilon osshssghlt2 Osshssmlk o jojy's p`ysmeon goturmty ms ol mgpirtolt port ic eorh. Goturmty osshssghlt ms `hnpcun ml ghhtmlk o jojy's lhhfs mc t`h foths ic o prhkloley orh ulehrtoml. Cir hxogpnh, o vhry sgonn jojy goy oetuonny jh girh goturh t`ol mt opphors jy smzh, olf goy lhhf fmcchrhlt eorh t`ol o prhgoturh jojy.
Ol hxogmlotmil eonnhf V`h Fujiwmtz/Jonnorf Hxogmlotmil cir Khstotmilon Okh ms icthl ushf. O jojy's khstotmilon okh icthl eol jh enishny hstmgothf usmlk t`ms hxogmlotmil. V`h Fujiwmtz/Jonnorf Hxogmlotmil hvonuoths o jojy's opphoroleh, saml thxturh, gitir culetmil, olf rhcnhxhs. V`h p`ysmeon goturmty port ic t`h hxogmlotmil ms filh ml t`h cmrst twi `iurs ic jmrt`. V`h lhuriguseunor goturmty hxogmlotmil ms eigpnhthf wmt`ml :6 `iurs octhr fhnmvhry. Mlcirgotmil icthl ushf ti `hnp hstmgoth jojmhs' p`ysmeon olf lhuriguseunor goturmty orh s`iwl jhniw.
T`ysmeon goturmty2 V`h p`ysmeon osshssghlt port ic t`h Fujiwmtz/Jonnorf Hxogmlotmil niias ot p`ysmeon e`oroethrmstmes t`ot niia fmcchrhlt ot fmcchrhlt stokhs ic o jojy's khstotmilon goturmty. Jojmhs w`i orh p`ysmeonny goturh usuonny `ovh `mk`hr seirhs t`ol prhgoturh jojmhs.
Timlts orh kmvhl cir hoe` orho ic osshssghlt, wmt` o niw ic -? ir -: cir hxtrhgh mggoturmty ti os gue` os 6 ir 8 cir pistgoturmty. Orhos ic osshssghlt mlenufh t`h cinniwmlk2 i
i
i
saml thxturhs (m.h., stmeay, sgiit`, phhnmlk). noluki (t`h sict fiwly `omr il o jojy's jify) - ms ojshlt ml mggoturh jojmhs, t`hl opphors wmt` goturmty, olf t`hl fmsopphors okoml wmt` pistgoturmty. pnoltor erhoshs - t`hsh erhoshs il t`h sinhs ic t`h chht rolkh crig ojshlt ojs hlt ti eivhrmlk t`h hltmrh ciit, fhphlfmlk il t`h goturmty.
Tokh 5
i
i
i
i
jrhost - t`h t`mealhss olf smzh ic jrhost tmssuh olf orhino (t`h forahlhf rmlk oriulf hoe` lmppnh) orh osshsshf. hyhs olf hors - hyhs cushf ir iphl olf ogiult ic eortmnokh olf stmcclhss ic t`h hor tmssuh. khlmtons, gonh - prhshleh ic thsths olf opphoroleh ic seritug, crig sgiit` ti wrmlanhf. khlmtons, chgonh - opphoroleh olf smzh ic t`h enmtirms olf t`h nojmo.
Lhuriguseunor goturmty2 Umx hvonuotmils ic t`h jojy's lhuriguseunor systhg orh phrcirghf. V`hsh mlenufh2 i
i
i
i
pisturh - `iw fihs t`h jojy `inf `ms/`hr orgs olf nhks. squorh wmlfiw - `iw cor t`h jojy's `olfs eol jh cnhxhf tiworf t`h wrmst. org rheimn - `iw cor t`h jojy's orgs "sprmlk joea" ti o cnhxhf pismtmil. pipnmthon olknh - `iw cor t`h jojy's alhhs hxthlf.
i
seorc smkl - `iw cor t`h hnjiws eol jh j h givhf oeriss t`h jojy's e`hst.
i
`hhn ti hor - `iw enish t`h jojy's joj y's chht eol jh givhf ti t`h hors.
O seirh ms ossmklhf ti hoe` osshssghlt orho. Vypmeonny, t`h girh lhurinikmeonny goturh t`h jojy, t`h `mk`hr t`h seirh. [`hl t`h p`ysmeon osshssghlt seirh olf t`h lhuriguseunor seirh orh offhf tikht`hr, t`h khstotmilon okh eol jh hstmgothf. Ueirhs rolkh crig vhry niw cir mggoturh jojmhs (nhss t`ol :3 ti :0 whhas) ti vhry `mk` seirhs cir goturh olf pistgoturh jojmhs. Onn ic t`hsh hxogmlotmils orh mgpirtolt woys ti nhorl ojiut yiur jojy's whnn-jhmlk ot jmrt`. Jy mfhltmcymlk oly prijnhgs, yiur jojy's p`ysmemol eol pnol t`h jhst pissmjnh eorh.
@mk`-Zmsa Lhwjirl
Hvhry cogmny niias cirworf ti t`h jmrt` ic o `hont`y lhwjirl. Mt ms ol hxemtmlk tmgh wmt` si gue` ti niia cirworf ti. Ml sigh eoshs, t`iuk`, ulhxphethf fmccmeuntmhs olf e`onnhlkhs ieeur onilk t`h woy. Uigh lhwjirls orh eilsmfhrhf `mk` rmsa. V`ms ghols t`ot o lhwjirl `os o krhothr e`oleh ic eigpnmeotmils jheoush ic eilfmtmils t`ot ieeur furmlk chton fhvhnipghlt, prhkloley eilfmtmils ic t`h git`hr, ir prijnhgs t`ot goy ieeur furmlk nojir olf jmrt`. Uigh eigpnmeotmils orh ulhxphethf olf goy ieeur
Tokh 6
wmt`iut worlmlk. It`hr tmghs, t`hrh orh ehrtoml rmsa coetirs t`ot goah prijnhgs girh nmahny. Cirtulothny, ofvolehs ml the`liniky `ovh `hnphf mgprivh t`h eorh ic smea lhwjirls. Xlfhr t`h eorh ic sphemonmzhf p`ysmemols olf it`hr `hont`eorh privmfhrs, jojmhs `ovh gue` krhothr e`olehs cir survmvmlk olf khttmlk jhtthr tifoy t`ol hvhr jhcirh. Fhcmlmtmil2
V`h `mk`-rmsa lhiloth2 eol jh fhcmlhf os o lhwjirl, rhkorfnhss ic khstotmilon okh ir jmrt` whmk`t, w`i `os o krhothr-t`ol-ovhrokh e`oleh ic girjmfmty ir girtonmty, jheoush ic eilfmtmils ir emreugstolehs suphrmgpishf s uphrmgpishf il t`h lirgon eiursh ic hvhlts ossiemothf wmt` jmrt` olf t`h ofbustghlt ti hxtro uthrmlh hxmsthleh. Enossmcmeotmil
Enossmcmhf oeeirfmlk ti2 ?. Jmrt` whmk`t.
Niw-jmrt`-whmk`t (NJ[)2 ol mlcolt w`ish jmrt` whmk`t ms nhss t`ol :844 k, rhkorfnhss ic khstotmilon okh.
Shry niw-jmrt`-whmk`t (SNJ[) mlcolt 2ol mlcolt w`ish jmrt` whmk`t ms nhss t`ol ?844k.
Hxtrhghny-niw-jmrt`-whmk`t (HNJ[) mlcolt2 ol mlcolt w`ish jmrt`-whmk`t ms nhss t`ol?444k.
Oppriprmoth-cir-khstotmilon-okh (OKO)MLCOLV2 ol mlcolt w`ish jmrt`t` t` whmk`t ms conns jhtwhhl t`h ?4 olf =4 phrehltmnhs il mltrouthrmlh kriwt` eurvhs.
Ugonn-cir-foth (UCF) ir sgonn-cir-khstotmilon okh (UKO) mlcolt2 ol mlcolt w`ish roth ic mltrouthrmlh kriwt` wos sniwhf olf w`ish jmrt` whmk`t conns t` jhniw t`h ?4 phrehltmnh il mltrouthrmlh kriwt` eurvhs
Mltrouthrmlh kriwt` rhstrmetmil (MXKZ) ciulf ml mlcolts w`ish mltrouthrmlh kriwt` ms rhstrmethf
Norkh-cir-khstotmilon-okh (NKO)2 ol mlcolt w`ish jmrt` whmk`t conns ojivh t` t`h =4 phrehltmnh il mltrouthrmlh kriwt` eurvhs.
:. Enossmcmeotmil oeeirfmlk ti Khstotmilon okh
Trhgoturh (prhthrg) mlcolt2 ol mlcolt jirl jhcirh eigpnhtmil ic 5; whhas ic khstotmil, rhkorfnhss ic jmrt` whmk`t.
Tokh 8
Cunn-thrg mlcolt2 ol mlcolt jirl jhtwhhl t`h jhkmllmlk ic t`h 50 whhas olf t`h eigpnhtmil ic t`h 6: whhas ic khstotmil, rhkorfnhss ic jmrt` whmk`t. Tist goturh (pist-thrg) mlcolt2 ol mlcolt jirl octhr 6: whhas ic khstotmilon okh , rhkorfnhss ic jmrt` whmk`t. 5. Enossmcmeotmil oeeirfmlk ti girtonmty
Nmvh jmrt`2 jmrt` ml w`me` t`h lhiloth golmchsts oly `hortjhot, jrhot`hs, ir fmspnoys vinultory givhghlt, rhkorfnhss ic khstotmilon okh. Chton fhot`2 fhot` ic t`h chtus octhr :4 whhas ic khstotmil olf jhcirh fhnmvhry, wmt` ojshleh ic oly smkls ic nmch octhr jmrt`. Lhiloton fhot`2 fhot` t`ot ieeurs ml t`h cmrst :; foys ic nmch1 horny lhiloton fhot` ieeurs ml t`h cmrst whhas ic nmch1 noth lhiloton fhot` ieeurs ot ;-:; foys. 6. Enossmcmeotmil oeeirfmlk ti Tot` p`ysminikme prijnhgs
Ossiemothf wmt` t`h stoth ic goturmty ic t`h mlcolt. E`hgmeon fmsturjolehs. hk2 `ypiknyehgmo, `ypieonehgmo. Mggoturh irkols olf systhgs. hk `yphrjmnmrujmlhgmo, rhspmrotiry fmstrhss, `ypit`hrgmo.
?. Enossmcmeotmil oeeirfmlk ti Jmrt` whmk`t. Niw jmrt` [hmk`t (NJ[) Jojmhs2 Niw Jmrt`whmk`t Fhcmlmtmil
Niw jmrt`whmk`t ms o thrg ushf ti fhsermjh jojmhs w`i orh jirl whmk`mlk nhss t`ol :,844 krogs (8 piulfs, 0 iulehs). Ml eiltrost, t`h ovhrokh lhwjirl whmk`s ojiut ; piulfs. Ivhr 0 phrehlt ic onn lhwjirl jojmhs ml t`h Xlmthf Utoths `ovh niw jmrt`whmk`t. V`h ivhronn roth ic t`hsh vhry sgonn jojmhs ml t`h Xlmthf Utoths ms mlerhosmlk. V`ms ms prmgormny fuh ti t`h krhothr lugjhrs ic guntmpnh jmrt` jojmhs w`i orh girh nmahny ti jh jirl horny olf whmk` nhss. Ivhr `onc ic guntmpnh jmrt` jojmhs `ovh niw jmrt`whmk`t eigporhf wmt` ilny ojiut 3 phrehlt ic smlknh jmrt` jojmhs. Jojmhs wmt` niw jmrt`whmk`t niia gue` sgonnhr t`ol it`hr jojmhs ic lirgon jmrt`whmk`t. O niw jmrt`whmk`t jojy's `hof goy opphor ti jh jmkkhr t`ol t`h rhst ic t`h jify olf `h/s`h icthl niias t`ml, wmt` nmttnh jify cot. Eoushs ic niw jmrt`whmk`t9
V`h prmgory eoush ic niw jmrt`whmk`t ms prhgoturh jmrt` (jhmlk jirl jhcirh 5; whhas khstotmil). Jhmlk jirl horny ghols o jojy `os nhss tmgh ml t`h git`hr's uthrus ti kriw
Tokh 3
olf koml whmk`t. Gue` ic o jojy's whmk`t ms komlhf furmlk t`h notthr port ic prhkloley. Olit`hr eoush ic niw jmrt`whmk`t ms mltrouthrmlh kriwt` rhstrmetmil (MXKZ). V`ms ieeurs w`hl o jojy fihs lit kriw whnn furmlk prhkloley jheoush ic prijnhgs wmt` t`h pnoehlto, t`h git`hr's `hont`, ir jmrt` fhchets. O jojy eol `ovh MXKZ olf jh jirl ot cunn thrg (5; ti 6? whhas). Jojmhs wmt` MXKZ jirl ot thrg goy jh p`ysmeonny goturh jut goy jh whoa. Trhgoturh jojmhs eol onsi `ovh MXKZ - t`hsh jojmhs orh jit` vhry sgonn olf p`ysmeonny mggoturh. Mlemfhleh
Oly jojy jirl prhgoturhny ms girh nmahny ti jh vhry sgonn. @iwhvhr, t`hrh orh it`hr coetirs t`ot eol onsi eiltrmjuth ti t`h rmsa ic vhry niw jmrt`whmk`t. V`hsh mlenufh2
Zoeh Ocrmeol-Oghrmeol jojmhs orh twi tmghs girh nmahny ti `ovh niw jmrt`whmk`t t`ol Eoueosmol jojmhs. Okh Vhhl git`hrs (hsphemonny t`ish yiulkhr t`ol ?8 yhors inf) `ovh o gue` `mk`hr rmsa ic `ovmlk o jojy wmt` niw jmrt`whmk`t. Guntmpnh jmrt` Guntmpnh jmrt` jojmhs orh ot mlerhoshf rmsa ic niw jmrt`whmk`t jheoush t`hy icthl orh prhgoturh. Ivhr `onc ic twmls olf it`hr guntmpnhs `ovh niw jmrt`whmk`t. Git`hr”s Git`hr”s `hont` Jojmhs ic git`hrs w`i orh hxpishf ti mnnmemt fruks, onei`in, olf emkorhtths orh girh nmahny ti `ovh niw jmrt`whmk`t. Git`hrs ic niwhr siemiheiligme stotus orh onsi girh nmahny ti `ovh piirhr prhkloley lutrmtmil, mlofhquoth prhloton eorh, olf prhkloley eigpnmeotmils - onn coetirs t`ot eol eiltrmjuth ti niw jmrt`whmk`t.
Fmoklisms
Furmlk prhkloley, o jojy's jmrt`whmk`t eol jh hstmgothf ml fmcchrhlt woys. V`h `hmk`t ic t`h culfus (t`h tip ic o git`hr's uthrus) eol jh ghosurhf crig t`h pujme jilh. V`ms ghosurhghlt ml ehltmghthrs usuonny eirrhspilfs wmt` t`h lugjhr ic whhas ic prhkloley octhr t`h :4t` whha. Mc t`h ghosurhghlt ms niw cir t`h lugjhr ic whhas, t`h jojy goy jh sgonnhr t`ol hxphethf. Xntrosiulf (o thst usmlk siulf wovhs ti erhoth o pmeturh ic mlthrlon strueturhs) ms o girh oeeuroth ght`if ic hstmgotmlk chton smzh. Ghosurhghlts eol jh toahl ic t`h chtus' `hof olf ojfighl olf eigporhf wmt` o kriwt` e`ort ti hstmgoth chton whmk`t. Jojmhs orh whmk`hf wmt`ml t`h cmrst chw `iurs octhr jmrt`. V`h whmk`t ms eigporhf wmt` t`h jojy's khstotmilon okh olf rheirfhf ml t`h ghfmeon rheirf. O jmrt`whmk`t nhss t`ol :,844 krogs (8 piulfs, 0 iulehs) ms fmoklishf os niw jmrt`whmk`t. Jojmhs whmk`mlk
Tokh ;
nhss t`ol ?,844 krogs (5 piulfs, 8 iulehs) ot jmrt` orh eilsmfhrhf vhry niw jmrt`whmk`t. Vrhotghlt cir niw jmrt`whmk`t2
Uphemcme golokhghlt cir niw jmrt`whmk`t wmnn jh fhthrgmlhf jy yiur jojy's p`ysmemol joshf il2
yiur jojy's khstotmilon okh, ivhronn `hont`, olf ghfmeon `mstiry yiur jojy's tinhroleh cir sphemcme ghfmeotmils, priehfurhs, ir t`hropmhs yiur ipmlmil ir prhchrhleh
Eorh cir niw jmrt`whmk`t jojmhs icthl mlenufhs2
eorh ml t`h LMEX thgphroturh eiltrinnhf jhfs sphemon chhfmlks, sightmghs wmt` o tujh mlti t`h stigoe` mc o jojy eollit suea it`hr trhotghlts cir eigpnmeotmils
Niw jmrt`whmk`t jojmhs typmeonny "eote` up" ml p`ysmeon kriwt` mc t`hrh orh li it`hr eigpnmeotmils. Jojmhs goy jh rhchrrhf ti sphemon cinniw -up `hont`eorh prikrogs. Trhvhltmil ic niw jmrt`whmk`t2
Jheoush ic t`h trhghlfius ofvolehs ml eorh ic smea olf prhgoturh jojmhs, girh olf girh jojmhs orh survmvmlk fhspmth jhmlk jirl horny olf jhmlk jirl vhry sgonn. @iwhvhr, prhvhltmil ic prhthrg jmrt`s ms ilh ic t`h jhst woys ti prhvhlt jojmhs jirl wmt` niw jmrt` whmk`t. Trhloton eorh ms o ahy coetir ml prhvhltmlk prhthrg jmrt`s olf niw jmrt`whmk`t jojmhs. Ot prhloton vmsmts, t`h `hont` ic jit` git`hr olf chtus eol jh e`heahf. Jheoush gothrlon lutrmtmil olf whmk`t koml orh nmlahf wmt` chton whmk`t koml olf jmrt`whmk`t, hotmlk o `hont`y fmht olf komlmlk t`h priphr ogiult ic whmk`t ml prhkloley orh hsshltmon. Git`hrs s`iunf onsi ovimf onei`in, emkorhtths, olf mnnmemt fruks, w`me` eol eiltrmjuth ti piir chton kriwt`, ogilk it`hr eigpnmeotmils. Ugonn cir Khstotmilon Okh Fhcmlmtmil
Ugonn cir khstotmilon okh (UKO) ms o thrg ushf ti fhsermjh o jojy w`i ms sgonnhr t`ol t`h usuon ogiult cir t`h lugjhr ic whhas ic prhkloley. UKO jojmhs usuonny `ovh jmrt`whmk`ts jhniw t`h ?4t` phrehltmnh cir jojmhs ic t`h sogh khstotmilon okh. V`ms ghols t`ot t`hy orh sgonnhr t`ol =4 phrehlt ic onn it`hr jojmhs ic t`h sogh khstotmilon okh.
Tokh 0
UKO jojmhs goy opphor p`ysmeonny olf lhurinikmeonny goturh jut orh sgonnhr t`ol it`hr jojmhs ic t`h sogh khstotmilon okh. UKO jojmhs goy jh pripirtmilothny sgonn (hquonny sgonn onn ivhr) ir t`hy goy jh ic lirgon nhlkt` olf smzh jut `ovh niwhr whmk`t olf jify goss. UKO jojmhs goy jh prhgoturh (jirl jhcirh 5; whhas ic prhkloley), cunn thrg (5; ti 6? whhas), ir pist thrg (octhr 6: whhas ic prhkloley). Eoushs sgonn cir khstotmilon okh (UKO)9
Ont`iuk` sigh jojmhs orh sgonn jheoush ic khlhtmes (t`hmr porhlts orh sgonn), gist UKO jojmhs orh sgonn jheoush ic chton kriwt` prijnhgs t`ot ieeur furmlk prhkloley. Goly jojmhs wmt` UKO `ovh o eilfmtmil eonnhf mltrouthrmlh kriwt` rhstrmetmil (MXKZ). MXKZ ieeurs w`hl t`h chtus fihs lit rhehmvh t`h lhehssory lutrmhlts olf ixykhl lhhfhf cir priphr kriwt` olf fhvhnipghlt ic irkols olf tmssuhs. MXKZ eol jhkml ot oly tmgh ml prhkloley. Horny-ilsht MXKZ ms icthl fuh ti e`rigisigon ojlirgonmtmhs, gothrlon fmshosh, ir shvhrh prijnhgs wmt` t`h pnoehlto. Noth-ilsht kriwt` rhstrmetmil (octhr 5: whhas) ms usuonny rhnothf ti it`hr prijnhgs. Uigh coetirs t`ot goy eiltrmjuth ti UKO olf/ir MXKZ mlenufh t`h cinniwmlk2
Gothrlon coetirs2 `mk` jniif prhssurh e`rilme amflhy fmshosh ofvolehf fmojhths `hort ir rhspmrotiry fmshosh gonlutrmtmil, olhgmo mlchetmil sujstoleh ush (onei`in, fruks) emkorhtth sgiamlk Coetirs mlvinvmlk t`h uthrus olf pnoehlto2 fherhoshf jniif cniw ml t`h uthrus olf pnoehlto pnoehlton ojruptmil (pnoehlto fhtoe`hs crig t`h uthrus) pnoehlto prhvmo (pnoehlto ottoe`hs niw ml t`h uthrus) mlchetmil ml t`h tmssuhs oriulf t`h chtus Coetirs rhnothf ti t`h fhvhnipmlk jojy (chtus)2 guntmpnh khstotmil (twmls, trmpnhts, hte.) mlchetmil jmrt` fhchets e`rigisigon ojlirgonmty i i i i i i i i
i i i i
i i i i
Fmoklisms
V`h jojy wmt` UKO ms icthl mfhltmcmhf jhcirh jmrt`. Furmlk prhkloley, o jojy's smzh eol jh hstmgothf ml fmcchrhlt woys. V`h `hmk`t ic t`h culfus (t`h tip ic o git`hr's uthrus) eol jh ghosurhf crig t`h pujme jilh. V`ms ghosurhghlt ml ehltmghthrs usuonny eirrhspilfs wmt` t`h lugjhr ic whhas ic prhkloley octhr t`h :4t` whha. Mc t`h ghosurhghlt ms niw cir t`h lugjhr ic whhas, t`h jojy j ojy goy jh sgonnhr t`ol hxphethf.
Tokh =
Ont`iuk` goly UKO jojmhs `ovh niw jmrt`whmk`t, t`hy orh lit onn prhgoturh olf goy lit hxphrmhleh t`h prijnhgs ic prhgoturh jojmhs. It`hr UKO jojmhs, hsphemonny t`ish wmt` MXKZ, opphor t`ml, ponh, olf wmt` niish, fry saml. V`h ugjmnmeon eirf ms icthl t`ml, olf funn-niiamlk rot`hr t`ol s`mly olf cot. V`hy sightmghs `ovh o wmfh-hyhf niia. It`hr fmoklistme priehfurhs goy mlenufh t`h cinniwmlk2
Xntrosiulf Xntrosiulf (o thst usmlk siulf wovhs ti erhoth o pmeturh ic mlthrlon strueturhs) ms o girh oeeuroth ght`if ic hstmgotmlk chton smzh. Ghosurhghlts eol jh toahl ic t`h chtus' `hof olf ojfighl olf eigporhf wmt` o kriwt` e`ort ti hstmgoth chton whmk`t. V`h chton ojfigmlon emreugchrhleh ms o `hnpcun mlfmeotir ic chton lutrmtmil. Fippnhr cniw olit`hr woy ti mlthrprht olf fmoklish MXKZ furmlk prhkloley ms Fippnhr cniw, w`me` ush siulf wovhs ti ghosurh jniif cniw. V`h siulf ic givmlk jniif prifuehs wovh-cirgs t`ot rhcnhet t`h sphhf olf ogiult ic t`h jniif os mt givhs t`riuk` o jniif vhsshn. Jniif vhsshns ml t`h chton jroml olf t`h ugjmnmeon eirf jniif cniw eol jh e`heahf wmt` Fippnhr cniw stufmhs. Git`hr”s whmk`t koml O git`hr's whmk`t koml eol onsi mlfmeoth o jojy's smzh. Ugonn gothrlon whmk`t komls ml prhkloley goy eirrhspilf wmt` o sgonn jojy Khstotmilon osshssghlt Jojmhs orh whmk`hf wmt`ml t`h cmrst chw `iurs octhr jmrt`. V`h whmk`t ms eigporhf wmt` t`h jojy's khstotmilon okh olf rheirfhf ml t`h ghfmeon rheirf. V`h jmrt`whmk`t gust jh eigporhf ti t`h khstotmilon okh. Uigh p`ysmemols ush o cirguno cir eoneunotmlk o jojy's jify goss ti t i fmoklish UKO.
Vrhotghlt ic jojmhs w`i orh sgonn cir khstotmilon okh (UKO)2
Uphemcme trhotghlt cir UKO wmnn jh fhthrgmlhf jy yiur jojy's p`ysmemol joshf il2
yiur jojy's khstotmilon okh, ivhronn `hont`, olf ghfmeon `mstiry hxthlt ic t`h eilfmtmil yiur jojy's tinhroleh cir sphemcme ghfmeotmils, priehfurhs, ir t`hropm hs hxphetotmils cir t`h eiursh ic t`h eilfmtmil yiur ipmlmil ir prhchrhleh
Jojmhs wmt` UKO goy jh p`ysmeonny girh goturh t`ol t`hmr sgonn smzh mlfmeoths. Jut t`hy goy jh whoa olf nhss ojnh ti tinhroth norkh chhfmlks ir ti stoy worg. Vrhotghlt ic t`h UKO jojy goy mlenufh2
thgphroturh eiltrinnhf jhfs ir mleujotirs tujh chhfmlks (mc t`h jojy fihs lit `ovh o strilk suea) e`heamlk cir `ypiknyehgmo (niw jniif sukor) t`riuk` jniif thsts
Tokh ?4
gilmtirmlk ic ixykhl nhvhns
Jojmhs w`i orh UKO olf orh onsi prhgoturh goy `ovh offmtmilon lhhfs mlenufmlk ixykhl olf ghe`olmeon `hnp ti jrhot`h. Trhvhltmil ic sgonn cir khstotmilon okh (UKO)2
Trhloton eorh ms mgpirtolt ml onn prhklolemhs, olf hsphemonny ti mfhltmcy prijnhgs wmt` chton kriwt`. Utippmlk sgiamlk olf ush ic sujstolehs sue` os fruks olf onei`in orh hsshltmon ti o `hont`y prhkloley. Hotmlk o `hont`y fmht ml prhkloley goy onsi `hnp. Mltrouthrmlh Kriwt` Zhstrmetmil (MXKZ) Fhcmlmtmil
Mltrouthrmlh kriwt` rhstrmetmil (MXKZ) ms o thrg ushf ti fhsermjh o eilfmtmil ml w`me` t`h chtus ms sgonnhr t`ol hxphethf cir t`h lugjhr ic whhas ic prhkloley. Olit`hr thrg cir MXKZ ms chton kriwt` rhstrmetmil. Lhwjirl jojmhs wmt` MXKZ orh icthl fhsermjhf os sgonn cir khstotmilon okh (UKO). O chtus wmt` MXKZ icthl `os ol hstmgothf chton whmk`t nhss t`ol t`h ?4t` phrehltmnh. V`ms ghols t`ot t`h chtus whmk`s nhss t`ol =4 phrehlt ic onn it`hr chtushs ic t`h sogh khstotmilon okh. O chtus wmt` MXKZ onsi goy jh jirl ot thrg (octhr 5; whhas ic prhkloley) ir prhgoturhny (jhcirh 5; whhas). Lhwjirl jojmhs wmt` MXKZ icthl opphor t`ml, ponh, olf `ovh niish, fry saml. V`h ugjmnmeon eirf ms icthl t`ml olf funn-niiamlk rot`hr t`ol s`mly olf cot. Jojmhs wmt` MXKZ sightmghs `ovh o wmfh-hyhf niia. Uigh jojmhs fi lit `ovh t`ms gonliurms`hf opphoroleh jut orh sgonn onn-ivhr. Eoushs ic mltrouthrmlh kriwt` rhstrmetmil (MXKZ)9
Mltrouthrmlh kriwt` rhstrmetmil rhsunts w`hl o prijnhg ir ojlirgonmty prhvhlts ehnns olf tmssuhs crig kriwmlk ir eoushs ehnns ti fherhosh ml smzh. V`ms goy ieeur w`hl t`h chtus fihs lit rhehmvh t`h lhehssory lutrmhlts olf ixykhl lhhfhf cir kriwt` olf fhvhnipghlt ic irkols olf tmssuhs, ir jheoush ic mlchetmil. Ont`iuk` sigh jojmhs orh sgonn jheoush ic khlhtmes (t`hmr porhlts orh sgonn), gist MXKZ ms fuh ti it`hr eoushs. Uigh coetirs t`ot goy eiltrmjuth ti MXKZ mlenufh t`h cinniwmlk2
Gothrlon coetirs2 i i i i i i
`mk` jniif prhssurh e`rilme amflhy fmshosh ofvolehf fmojhths `hort ir rhspmrotiry fmshosh gonlutrmtmil, olhgmo mlchetmil
Tokh ??
i i
Coetirs mlvinvmlk t`h uthrus olf pnoehlto2 i i i i
sujstoleh ojush (onei`in, fruks) emkorhtth sgiamlk
fherhoshf jniif cniw ml t`h uthrus olf pnoehlto pnoehlton ojruptmil (pnoehlto fhtoe`hs crig t`h uthrus) pnoehlto prhvmo (pnoehlto ottoe`hs niw ml t`h uthrus) mlchetmil ml t`h tmssuhs oriulf t`h chtus
Coetirs rhnothf ti t`h fhvhnipmlk jojy (chtus)2 i i i i
guntmpnh khstotmil (twmls, trmpnhts, hte.) mlchetmil jmrt` fhchets e`rigisigon ojlirgonmty
Fmoklisms
Furmlk prhkloley, chton smzh eol jh hstmgothf ml fmcchrhlt woys. V`h `hmk`t ic t`h culfus (t`h tip ic o git`hr's uthrus) eol jh ghosurhf crig t`h pujme jilh. V`ms ghosurhghlt ml ehltmghthrs usuonny eirrhspilfs wmt` t`h lugjhr ic whhas ic prhkloley octhr t`h :4t` whha. Mc t`h ghosurhghlt ms niw cir t`h lugjhr ic whhas, t`h jojy goy jh sgonnhr t`ol hxphethf. It`hr fmoklistme priehfurhs goy mlenufh t`h cinniwmlk2
untrosiulf Xntrosiulf (o thst usmlk siulf wovhs ti erhoth o pmeturh ic mlthrlon strueturhs) ms o girh oeeuroth ght`if ic hstmgotmlk chton smzh. Ghosurhghlts eol jh toahl ic t`h chtus' `hof olf ojfighl olf eigporhf wmt` o kriwt` e`ort ti hstmgoth chton whmk`t. V`h chton ojfigmlon emreugchrhleh ms o `hnpcun mlfmeotir ic chton lutrmtmil. Fippnhr cniw Olit`hr woy ti mlthrprht olf fmoklish MXKZ furmlk prhkloley ms Fippnhr cniw, w`me` ush siulf wovhs ti ghosurh jniif cniw. V`h siulf ic givmlk jniif prifuehs wovh-cirgs wovh-cir gs t`ot rhcnhet t`h t` h sphhf olf ogiult o giult ic t`h jniif os mt givhs t`riuk` o jniif vhsshn. Jniif vhsshns ml t`h chton jroml olf t`h ugjmnmeon eirf jniif cniw eol jh e`heahf wmt` Fippnhr cniw stufmhs. git`hr's whmk`t koml O git`hr's whmk`t koml eol onsi mlfmeoth o jojy's smzh. Ugonn gothrlon whmk`t komls ml prhkloley goy eirrhspilf wmt` o sgonn jojy.
Tokh ?:
Golokhghlt
Golokhghlt ic MXKZ fhphlfs il t`h shvhrmty ic kriwt` rhstrmetmil, olf `iw horny t`h prijnhg jhkol ml t`h prhkloley. prhklole y. Khlhronny, t`h hornmhr olf girh shvhrh t`h kriwt` rhstrmetmil, t`h krhothr t`h rmsas ti t`h chtus. Eorhcun gilmtirmlk ic o chtus wmt` MXKZ olf ilkimlk thstmlk goy jh lhhfhf. Uigh ic t`h woys ti wote` cir pithltmon prijnhgs mlenufh t`h cinniwmlk2
chton givhghlt eiultmlk - ahhpmlk troea ic chton ameas olf givhghlts. O e`olkh ml t`h lugjhr ir crhquhley goy ghol t`h chtus ms ulfhr strhss. lilstrhss thstmlk - o thst t`ot wote`hs t`h chton `hort roth cir mlerhoshs wmt` chton givhghlts, o smkl ic chton whnn-jhmlk. jmip`ysmeon pricmnh - o thst t`ot eigjmlhs t`h lilstrhss thst wmt` ol untrosiulf ti hvonuoth chton whnn-jhmlk. untrosiulf - o fmoklistme mgokmlk the`lmquh w`me` ushs `mk`-crhquhley siulf wovhs olf o eigputhr ti erhoth mgokhs ic jniif vhsshns, tmssuhs, olf irkols. Xntrosiulfs orh ushf ti vmhw mlthrlon irkols os t`hy culetmil, olf ti osshss jniif cniw t`riuk` vormius vhsshns. Xntrosiulfs orh ushf ti cinniw chton kriwt`. Fippnhr cniw stufmhs - o typh ic untrosiulf w`me` ush siulf wovhs ti ghosurh jniif cniw.
Vrhotghlt cir MXKZ2
Ont`iuk` mt ms lit pissmjnh ti rhvhrsh MXKZ, sigh trhotghlts goy `hnp sniw ir gmlmgmzh t`h hcchets. Uphemcme trhotghlts cir MXKZ wmnn jh fhthrgmlhf jy yiur p`ysmemol joshf il2
yiur prhkloley, ivhronn `hont`, olf ghfmeon `mstiry t`h hxthlt ic t`h fmshosh yiur tinhroleh cir sphemcme ghfmeotmils, priehfurhs, ir t`hropmhs hxphetotmils cir t`h eiursh ic t`h fmshosh yiur ipmlmil ir prhchrhleh
Vrhotghlts goy mlenufh2
lutrmtmil Uigh stufmhs `ovh s`iwl t`ot mlerhosmlk gothrlon lutrmtmil goy mlerhosh khstotmilon whmk`t koml olf chton kriwt`. jhfrhst Jhfrhst ml t`h `ispmton ir ot `igh goy `hnp mgprivh emreunotmil ti t`h chtus.
Tokh ?5
fhnmvhry Mc MXKZ hlfolkhrs t`h `hont` ic t`h chtus, t`hl ol horny fhnmvhry goy jh lhehssory.
Trhvhltmil ic mltrouthrmlh kriwt` rhstrmetmil2
Mltrouthrmlh kriwt` rhstrmetmil goy ieeur, hvhl w`hl t`h git`hr ms ml kiif `hont`. @iwhvhr, sigh coetirs goy mlerhosh t`h rmsas ic MXKZ, sue` os emkorhtth sgiamlk olf piir gothrlon lutrmtmil. lutrmt mil. Ovimfmlk `orgcun nmchstynhs, hotmlk o `hont`y fmht, olf khttmlk prhloton eorh goy `hnp fherhosh t`h rmsas cir MXKZ. Horny fhthetmil goy onsi `hnp wmt` MXKZ trhotghlt olf iuteigh. Norkh cir Khstotmilon Okh (NKO) Fhcmlmtmil Norkh cir khstotmilon okh (NKO) ms o thrg ushf ti fhsermjh jojmhs w`i orh jirl whmk`mlk girh t`ol t`h usuon ogiult cir t`h lugjhr ic whhas ic prhkloley. NKO jojmhs `ovh jmrt`whmk`ts krhothr t`ol t`h =4t` phrehltmnh cir t`hmr khstotmilon okh, gholmlk t`ot t`hy whmk` girh t`ol =4 phrehlt ic onn jojmhs ic t`h sogh khstotmilon okh.
V`h ovhrokh jojy whmk`s ojiut ; piulfs ot jmrt`. Ojiut ?4 phrehlt ic onn jojmhs whmk` girh t`ol 6,444 krogs (0 piulfs, ?5 iulehs). Zorhny fi jojmhs whmk` ivhr ?4 piulfs. Ont`iuk` gist NKO jojmhs orh jirl ot thrg (5; ti 6? whhas ic prhkloley), o chw prhgoturh jojmhs goy jh NKO. Eoushs ic norkh cir khstotmilon okh (NKO)
Uigh jojmhs orh norkh jheoush t`hmr porhlts orh norkh1 khlhtmes fihs pnoy o port. Jmrt`whmk`t goy onsi jh rhnothf ti t`h ogiult ic o git`hr's whmk`t koml ml prhkloley. Hxehssmvh whmk`t koml eol trolsnoth ti mlerhoshf chton whmk`t. Jy cor, gothrlon fmojhths ms t`h gist eiggil eoush ic NKO jojmhs. Fmojhths furmlk prhkloley eoushs t`h git`hr's mlerhoshf jniif knueish (sukor) ti emreunoth ti t`h jojy. Ml rhspilsh, t`h jojy's jify goahs mlsunml. Onn t`h hxtro sukor olf t`h hxtro mlsunml prifuetmil eol nhof ti hxehssmvh kriwt` olf fhpismts ic cot, t`us, o norkhr jojy. Fmoklisms
Furmlk prhkloley, o jojy's jmrt`whmk`t eol jh hstmgothf ml fmcchrhlt woys. V`h `hmk`t ic t`h culfus (t`h tip ic o git`hr's uthrus) eol jh ghosurhf crig t`h pujme jilh. V`ms ghosurhghlt, ml ehltmghthrs, usuonny eirrhspilfs wmt` t`h lugjhr ic whhas ic
Tokh ?6
prhkloley. Mc t`h ghosurhghlt ms `mk` cir t`h lugjhr ic whhas, t`h jojy goy jh norkhr t`ol hxphethf. It`hr fmoklistme priehfurhs goy mlenufh t`h cinniwmlk2
Xntrosiulf (o thst usmlk siulf wovhs ti erhoth o pmeturh ic mlthrlon strueturhs) ms o girh oeeuroth ght`if ic hstmgotmlk chton smzh. Ghosurhghlts eol jh toahl ic t`h chtus' `hof olf nmgjs olf eigporhf wmt` o kriwt` e`ort ti hstmgoth chton whmk`t. O git`hr's whmk`t koml eol onsi mlcnuhleh o jojy's smzh. Norkh gothrlon whmk`t komls ml prhkloley goy eirrhspilf wmt` o jmk jojy.
Jojmhs orh whmk`hf wmt`ml t`h cmrst chw `iurs octhr jmrt`. V`h whmk`t ms eigporhf wmt` t`h jojy's khstotmilon okh olf rheirfhf ml t`h ghfmeon rheirf. V`h jmrt`whmk`t gust jh eigporhf ti t`h khstotmilon okh. Khlhronny, o jojy whmk`mlk girh t`ol 6,444 krogs (0 piulfs, ?5 iulehs) ms eilsmfhrhf NKO. Vrhotghlt cir norkh cir khstotmilon okh (NKO)2
Uphemcme trhotghlt cir norkh cir khstotmilon okh wmnn jh fhthrgmlhf jy yiur jojy's p`ysmemol joshf il2
yiur jojy's khstotmilon okh, ivhronn `hont`, olf ghfmeon `mstiry hxthlt ic t`h eilfmtmil yiur jojy's tinhroleh cir sphemcme ghfmeotmils, priehfurhs, ir t`hropmhs hxphetotmils cir t`h eiursh ic t`h eilfmtmil yiur ipmlmil ir prhchrhleh
Mc untrosiulf hxogmlotmils furmlk prhkloley s`iw o chtus ms qumth norkh, sigh p`ysmemols goy rheigghlf horny fhnmvhry jhcirh t`h jojy kriws gue` jmkkhr. O git`hr goy lhhf mlfuetmil ic nojir, ir o pnollhf ehsorhol fhnmvhry mc t`h jojy ms hstmgothf ti jh vhry norkh. Octhr fhnmvhry, o NKO jojy wmnn jh eorhcunny hxogmlhf cir oly jmrt` mlburmhs. Jniif knueish thstmlk ms onsi phrcirghf ti e`hea cir `ypiknyehgmo. Horny chhfmlk wmt` o knueish/wothr sinutmil ms sightmghs lhhfhf ti eiulthr t`h niw jniif sukor. Trhvhltmil ic norkh cir khstotmilon okh (NKO)2
Trhloton eorh ms mgpirtolt ml onn prhklolemhs, olf hsphemonny ti gilmtir chton kriwt` w`hl o jojy shhgs ti jh tii sgonn ir tii norkh. Hxogmlotmils furmlk prhkloley t`ot s`iw o norkh jojy eol `hnp mfhltmcy o git`hr w`i goy `ovh ulfhthethf fmojhths, ir it`hr prijnhgs. Eorhcun golokhghlt ic fmojhths ml prhkloley eol `hnp niwhr sigh ic t`h rmsas ti t`h jojy.
Tokh ?8
@mk`-Zmsa Lhwjirls - Shry Niw Jmrt`whmk`t [`ot ms vhry niw jmrt`whmk`t9
Shry niw jmrt`whmk`t ms o thrg ushf ti fhsermjh jojmhs w`i orh jirl whmk`mlk nhss t`ol ?,844 krogs (5 piulfs, 6 iulehs). Ilny o chw jojmhs, ?.8 phrehlt, orh jirl t`ms tmly. @iwhvhr, t`h ivhronn roth ic vhry niw jmrt`whmk`t jojmhs ml t`h XU ms mlerhosmlk. V`ms ms prmgormny fuh ti t`h krhothr lugjhrs ic guntmpnh jmrt` jojmhs w`i orh girh nmahny ti jh jirl horny olf whmk` nhss. Jojmhs wmt` vhry niw jmrt`whmk`t niia gue` sgonnhr t`ol it`hr jojmhs ic lirgon jmrt`whmk`t. O vhry niw jmrt`whmk`t jojy's `hof ` hof opphors ti jh j h jmkkhr jmkk hr t`ol t`h rhst ic t`h jify olf `h/s`h icthl niias hxtrhghny t`ml, wmt` nmttnh jify cot. V`h saml ms icthl qumth trolsporhlt, onniwmlk t`h jniif vhsshns ti jh hosmny shhl. Utotmstmes cir vhry niw jmrt`whmk`t2
Eilsmfhr t`h nothst ovomnojnh stotmstmes crig t`h Lotmilon Ehlthr cir @hont` Utotmstmes2 Jmrt`whmk`t nhss t`ol :,844 krogs (8.8 njs) :,444 ti :,6== krogs (6.6 ti 8.8 njs) ?,844 ti ?,=== krogs (5.5 ti 6.6 njs) ?,444 ti ?,6== krogs (:.: ti 5.5 njs) 844 ti === krogs (?.? ti :.: njs) nhss t`ol 844 krogs (nhss t`ol ?.? njs)
Threhltokh ic Viton Jmrt`s 0.: phrehlt 8 phrehlt ?.3 phrehlt 4.0 phrehlt 4.3 phrehlt 4.: phrehlt
Eoushs ic vhry niw jmrt`whmk`t9
V`h prmgory eoush ic vhry niw jmrt`whmk`t ms prhgoturh jmrt` (jirl jhcirh 5; whhas khstotmil). Shry niw jmrt`whmk`t jojmhs orh icthl jirl jhcirh 54 whhas ic prhkloley. Jhmlk jirl horny ghols o jojy `os nhss tmgh ml t`h git`hr's uthrus ti kriw olf koml whmk`t. Gue` ic o jojy's whmk`t ms komlhf furmlk t`h notthr port ic prhkloley. Olit`hr eoush ic vhry niw jmrt`whmk`t ms mltrouthrmlh kriwt` rhstrmetmil (MXKZ). V`ms ms w`hl o jojy fihs lit kriw whnn furmlk prhkloley jheoush ic prijnhgs wmt` t`h pnoehlto, t`h t `h git`hr's `hont`, ir jmrt` fhchets. Gist vhry niw n iw jmrt`whmk`t jojmhs w`i `ovh MXKZ orh onsi jirl horny, olf orh jit` vhry v hry sgonn olf p`ysmeonny mggoturh. Mlemfhleh
Oly jojy jirl prhgoturhny ms girh nmahny ti jh vhry sgonn. @iwhvhr, t`hrh orh it`hr coetirs t`ot eol onsi eiltrmjuth ti t`h rmsa ic vhry niw jmrt`whmk`t. V`hsh mlenufh2
Tokh ?3
roeh Ocrmeol-Oghrmeol jojmhs orh twmeh os nmahny ti `ovh vhry niw jmrt`whmk`t t`ol Eoueosmol jojmhs. okh Vhhl git`hrs (hsphemonny t`ish yiulkhr t`ol ?8 yhors inf) `ovh o gue` `mk`hr rmsa ic `ovmlk o jojy wmt` vhry niw jmrt`whmk`t. guntmpnh jmrt` Guntmpnh jmrt` jojmhs orh ot mlerhoshf rmsa ic vhry niw jmrt`whmk`t jheoush t`hy icthl orh prhgoturh. Ojiut ?4 phrehlt ic twmls olf ilh-t`mrf ic trmpnhts `ovh vhry niw jmrt`whmk`t. git`hr's `hont` [ighl w`i orh hxpishf ti fruks, onei`in, olf emkorhtths furmlk prhkloley orh girh nmahny ti `ovh niw ir vhry niw jmrt`whmk`t jojmhs. Git`hrs ic niwhr siemiheiligme stotus orh onsi girh nmahny ti `ovh piirhr prhkloley lutrmtmil, mlofhquoth prhloton eorh, olf prhkloley eigpnmeotmils - onn coetirs t`ot eol eiltrmjuth ti vhry niw jmrt`whmk`t.
Fmoklisms
Furmlk prhkloley, o jojy's jmrt`whmk`t eol jh hstmgothf ml fmcchrhlt woys. V`h `hmk`t ic t`h culfus (t`h tip ic o git`hr's uthrus) eol jh ghosurhf crig t`h pujme jilh. V`ms ghosurhghlt ml ehltmghthrs usuonny eirrhspilfs wmt` t`h lugjhr ic whhas ic prhkloley octhr t`h :4t` whha. Mc t`h ghosurhghlt ms niw cir t`h lugjhr ic whhas, t`h jojy goy jh sgonnhr t`ol hxphethf. Xntrosiulf (o thst usmlk siulf wovhs ti erhoth o pmeturh ic mlthrlon strueturhs) ms o girh oeeuroth ght`if ic hstmgotmlk chton smzh. Ghosurhghlts eol jh toahl ic t`h chtus' `hof olf ojfighl olf eigporhf wmt` o kriwt` e`ort ti hstmgoth chton whmk`t. Jojmhs orh whmk`hf wmt`ml t`h cmrst chw `iurs octhr jmrt`. V`h whmk`t ms eigporhf wmt` t`h jojy's khstotmilon okh olf rheirfhf ml t`h ghfmeon rheirf. O jmrt`whmk`t nhss t`ol :,844 krogs (8 piulfs, 0 iulehs) ms fmoklishf os niw jmrt`whmk`t. Jojmhs whmk`mlk nhss t`ol ?,844 krogs (5 piulfs, 8 iulehs) ot jmrt` orh eilsmfhrhf vhry niw jmrt`whmk`t. Vrhotghlt cir vhry niw jmrt`whmk`t2
Uphemcme trhotghlt cir vhry niw jmrt`whmk`t wmnn jh fhthrgmlhf jy yiur jojy's p`ysmemol joshf il2
yiur jojy's khstotmilon okh, ivhronn `hont`, olf ghfmeon `mstiry yiur jojy's tinhroleh cir sphemcme ghfmeotmils, priehfurhs, ir t`hropmhs yiur ipmlmil ir prhchrhleh
Eorh cir vhry niw jmrt`whmk`t jojmhs icthl mlenufhs2
eorh ml t`h LMEX
Tokh ?;
thgphroturh eiltrinnhf jhfs sphemon chhfmlks, sightmghs wmt` o tujh mlti t`h stigoe` mc o jojy eollit suea it`hr trhotghlts cir eigpnmeotmils
Shry niw jmrt`whmk`t jojmhs goy `ovh o `orfhr tmgh "eote`mlk up" ml p`ysmeon kriwt` jheoush t`hy icthl `ovh it`hr eigpnmeotmils. Goly vhry niw jmrt`whmk`t jojmhs orh rhchrrhf ti sphemon cinniw-up `hont`eorh prikrogs. Trhvhltmil ic vhry niw jmrt`whmk`t2
Jheoush ic t`h trhghlfius ofvolehs ml eorh ic smea olf prhgoturh jojmhs, girh olf girh jojmhs orh survmvmlk fhspmth jhmlk jirl horny olf jhmlk jirl vhry sgonn. @iwhvhr, prhvhltmil ic prhthrg jmrt`s ms ilh ic t`h jhst woys ti prhvhlt vhry niw jmrt`whmk`t. Trhloton eorh ms o ahy coetir ml prhvhltmlk prhthrg jmrt`s olf vhry niw jmrt`whmk`t jojmhs. Ot prhloton vmsmts, t`h `hont` ic jit` git`hr olf chtus eol jh e`heahf. Jheoush Jheo ush gothrlon lutrmtmil olf whmk`t koml orh nmlahf wmt` chton whmk`t koml olf jmrt`whmk`t, hotmlk o `hont`y fmht olf komlmlk t`h priphr ogiult ic whmk`t ml prhkloley orh hsshltmon. Git`hrs s`iunf onsi ovimf onei`in, emkorhtths, olf mnnmemt fruks, w`me` eol eiltrmjuth ti piir chton kriwt`, ogilk it`hr eigpnmeotmils. Enossmcmeotmil oeeirfmlk ti Khstotmilon okh Trhgoturmty Fhcmlmtmil
O jojy jirl jhcirh 5; whhas ic prhkloley ms eilsmfhrhf prhgoturh, t`ot ms, jirl jhcirh eigpnhth goturmty. goturm ty. Unmk`tny U nmk`tny chwhr t`ol ?: phrehlt ic onn jojmhs orh prhgoturh. prh goturh. Ivhronn, t`h roth ic prhgoturh jmrt`s ms rmsmlk, gomlny fuh ti t`h norkh lugjhrs ic guntmpnh jmrt`s ml rhehlt yhors. Vwmls olf it`hr guntmpnhs orh ojiut smx tmghs girh nmahny ti jh prhgoturh t`ol smlknh jmrt` jojmhs. V`h roth ic prhgoturh smlknh jmrt`s ms snmk`tny mlerhosmlk hoe` yhor. Oeeirfmlk ti t`h Gore` ic Fmghs, ojiut ?5 phrehlt ic jojmhs jirl ml t`h XU orh jirl prhthrg, ir jhcirh 5; eigpnhthf whhas ic prhkloley. Ic t`h jojmhs jojmhs jirl prhthrg2
;? phrehlt orh jirl jhtwhhl j htwhhl 56 olf 53 whhas ic khstotmil (t`h tmgh crig eilehptmil ti jmrt`) ojiut ?5 phrehlt orh jirl jhtwhhl 5: olf 55 whhas ic khstotmil ojiut 3 phrehlt orh jirl ot nhss t`ol :0 whhas ic khstotmil
It`hr thrgs icthl ushf cir prhgoturmty orh prhthrg olf "prhhgmh." Goly prhgoturh jojmhs onsi whmk` nhss t`ol :,844 krogs (8.8 piulfs) olf goy jh rhchrrhf ti os niw jmrt`whmk`t (NJ[).
Tokh ?0
Trhgoturh mlcolts jirl jhtwhhl 56 olf 5; whhas ic prhkloley orh icthl eonnhf noth prhthrg ir lhor-thrg mlcolts. Noth prhthrg mlcolts orh icthl gue` norkhr t`ol vhry prhgoturh mlcolts jut goy ilny jh snmk`tny sgonnhr t`ol cunn-thrg mlcolts. Noth prhthrg jojmhs usuonny opphor `hont`y ot jmrt` jut goy `ovh girh fmccmeuntmhs ofoptmlk t`ol cunn-thrg jojmhs. Jheoush ic t`hmr sgonnhr smzh, t`hy goy `ovh triujnh gomltomlmlk t`hmr jify thgphroturh. V`hy icthl `ovh fmccmeunty wmt` jrhostchhfmlk olf jittnh chhfmlk, olf goy lhhf ti hot girh crhquhltny. V`hy V`h y usuonny rhqumrh girh snhhp olf goy hvhl snhhp t`riuk` o chhfmlk, w`me` ghols t`hy gmss gue`-lhhfhf eonirmhs. Noth prhthrg mlcolts goy onsi `ovh jrhot`mlk fmccmeuntmhs, ont`iuk` t`hsh orh icthl mfhltmcmhf jhcirh t`h mlcolts ki `igh crig t`h `ispmton. V`hsh mlcolts orh onsi ot `mk`hr rmsa cir mlchetmils olf boulfmeh, olf s`iunf jh wote`hf cir smkls ic t`hsh eilfmtmils. Noth prhthrg mlcolts s`iunf jh shhl jy o eorh privmfhr wmt`ml t`h cmrst ilh ir twi foys octhr kimlk `igh crig t`h `ispmton. Eoushs ic prhgoturmty
V`hrh orh goly coetirs nmlahf ti prhgoturh jmrt`. Uigh fmrhetny eoush horny nojir olf jmrt`, w`mnh it`hrs eol goah t`h git`hr ir jojy smea olf rhqumrh horny fhnmvhry. V`h cinniwmlk coetirs goy eiltrmjuth ti o prhgoturh jmrt`2
Gothrlon coetirs2 prhhenogpsmo (onsi aliwl os tixhgmo ir `mk` jniif prhssurh ic prhkloley) e`rilme ghfmeon mnnlhss (sue` os `hort ir amflhy fmshosh) mlchetmil (sue` os kriup J strhptieieeus, urmlory troet mlchetmils, vokmlon mlchetmils, mlchetmils ic t`h chton/pnoehlton tmssuhs) fruk ush (sue` os eieomlh) ojlirgon strueturh ic t`h uthrus ehrvmeon mleigphthleh (mlojmnmty ic t`h ehrvmx ti stoy enishf furmlk prhkloley) prhvmius prhthrg jmrt` Coetirs mlvinvmlk t`h prhkloley2 ojlirgon ir fherhoshf culetmil ic t`h pnoehlto pnoehlto prhvmo (niw nymlk pismtmil ic t`h pnoehlto) pnoehlton ojruptmil (horny fhtoe`ghlt crig t`h uthrus) prhgoturh rupturh ic ghgjrolhs (oglmitme soe) piny`yfroglmis (tii gue` oglmitme cnumf) Coetirs mlvinvmlk t`h chtus2 w`hl chton jh`ovmir mlfmeoths t`h mltrouthrmlh hlvmrilghlt ms lit `hont`y guntmpnh khstotmil (twmls, trmpnhts ir girh) i
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E`oroethrmstmes ic prhgoturmty
Tokh ?=
V`h cinniwmlk orh t`h gist eiggil e`oroethrmstmes ic o prhgoturh jojy. @iwhvhr, hoe` jojy goy s`iw fmcchrhlt e`oroethrmstmes ic t`h eilfmtmil. E`oroethrmstmes goy mlenufh2
sgonn jojy, icthl whmk`mlk nhss t`ol :,844 krogs (8 piulfs 0 iulehs) t`ml, s`mly, pmla ir rhf saml, ojnh ti shh vhmls nmttnh jify cot nmttnh seonp `omr, jut goy `ovh nits ic noluki (sict jify `omr) whoa ery olf jify tilh khlmtons goy jh sgonn olf ulfhrfhvhniphf
V`h e`oroethrmstmes ic prhgoturmty goy rhshgjnh it`hr eilfmtmils ir ghfmeon prijnhgs. Onwoys eilsunt yiur jojy's p`ysmemol cir o fmoklisms. Vrhotghlt ic prhgoturmty2
Uphemcme trhotghlt cir prhgoturmty wmnn jh fhthrgmlhf jy yiur jojy's p`ysmemol joshf il2
yiur jojy's khstotmilon okh, ivhronn `hont`, olf ghfmeon `mstiry hxthlt ic t`h fmshosh tinhroleh cir sphemcme ghfmeotmils, priehfurhs, ir t`hropmhs hxphetotmils cir t`h eiursh ic t`h fmshosh yiur ipmlmil ir prhchrhleh
Vrhotghlt goy mlenufh2
prhloton eirtmeisthrimf t`hropy Ilh ic t`h gist mgpirtolt ports ic eorh cir prhgoturh jojmhs ms o ghfmeotmil eonnhf o eirtmeisthrimf. Zhshore` `os ciulf t`ot kmvmlk t`h git`hr o sthrimf ghfmeotmil ot nhost 60 `iurs prmir ti fhnmvhry krhotny rhfuehs t`h mlemfhleh olf shvhrmty ic rhspmrotiry fmshosh ml t`h jojy. Olit`hr gobir jhlhcmt ic sthrimf trhotghlt ms nhsshlmlk ic mltrovhltrmeunor `hgirr`okh (jnhhfmlk ml t`h jojy's jroml). Ont`iuk` stufmhs orh lit enhor, prhloton sthrimfs goy onsi `hnp rhfueh t`h mlemfhleh ic LHE olf TFO. Git`hrs goy jh kmvhl sthrimfs w`hl prhthrg jmrt` ms nmahny jhtwhhl :6 olf 56 whhas ic prhkloley. Jhcirh t`ot tmgh, ir octhr, t`h ghfmeotmil usuonny ms lit hcchetmvh.
Trhgoturh jojmhs usuonny lhhf eorh ml o sphemon lurshry eonnhf t`h Lhiloton Mlthlsmvh Eorh Xlmt (LMEX). V`h LMEX eigjmlhs ofvolehf the`liniky olf tromlhf `hont` prichssmilons ti privmfh sphemonmzhf eorh cir t`h tmlmhst potmhlts. V`h LMEX thog ms nhf jy o lhilotinikmst, w`i ms o phfmotrmemol wmt` offmtmilon tromlmlk ml t`h eorh ic smea olf prhgoturh jojmhs. jojm hs. Eorh ic prhgoturh jojmhs goy onsi mlenufh2
thgphroturh-eiltrinnhf jhfs
Tokh :4
gilmtirmlk ic thgphroturh, jniif prhssurh, `hort olf jrhot`mlk roths, olf ixykhl nhvhns kmvmlk hxtro ixykhl jy o gosa ir wmt` o jrhot`mlk goe`mlh ghe`olmeon vhltmnotirs (jrhot`mlk goe`mlhs) ti fi t`h wira ic jrhot`mlk cir t`h jojy mltrovhlius (MS) cnumfs - w`hl chhfmlks eollit jh kmvhl, ir cir ghfmeotmils pnoehghlt ic eot`hthrs (sgonn tujh) mlti t`h ugjmnmeon eirf ti kmvh cnumfs olf ghfmeotmils olf ti frow jniif x-roys (cir fmoklismlk prijnhgs olf e`heamlk tujh pnoehghlt) sphemon chhfmlks ic jrhost gmna ir cirguno, sightmghs wmt` o tujh mlti t`h stigoe` mc o jojy eollit suea. Jrhost gmna `os goly ofvoltokhs cir prhgoturh jojmhs os mt eiltomls mggulmtmhs crig t`h git`hr olf goly mgpirtolt lutrmhlts. ghfmeotmils olf it`hr trhotghlts cir eigpnmeotmils, sue` os oltmjmitmes Aolkorii Eorh - o ght`if ic eormlk cir prhgoturh jojmhs usmlk saml-ti-saml eiltoet wmt` t`h porhlt ti privmfh eiltoet olf omf porhlt-mlcolt ottoe`ghlt. Utufmhs `ovh ciulf t`ot jojmhs w`i "aolkorii" goy `ovh s`irthr stoys ml t`h LMEX.
Fmse`orkh
Trhgoturh jojmhs icthl lhhf tmgh ti "eote` up" ml jit` fhvhnipghlt olf kriwt`. Ml t`h `ispmton, t`ms eote`-up tmgh goy mlvinvh nhorlmlk ti hot olf snhhp, os whnn os sthofmny komlmlk whmk`t. Fhphlfmlk il t`hmr eilfmtmil, prhgoturh jojmhs icthl stoy ml t`h `ispmton ultmn t`hy rhoe` t`h prhkloley fuh foth. Mc o jojy wos trolschrrhf ti olit`hr `ispmton cir sphemonmzhf LMEX eorh, `h/s`h goy jh trolschrrhf joea ti t`h "`igh" `ispmton ileh t`h eilfmtmil ms stojnh. Eilsunt yiur jojy's p`ysmemol cir mlcirgotmil ojiut t`h sphemcme ermthrmo cir fmse`orkh ic prhgoturh jojmhs ot yiur `ispmton. Khlhron kions cir fmse`orkh goy mlenufh t`h cinniwmlk2
shrmius mnnlhsshs orh rhsinvhf stojnh thgphroturh - ojnh ti stoy worg ml ol iphl ermj toamlk onn chhfmlks jy jrhost ir jittnh li rhehlt oplho ir niw `hort roth porhlts orh ojnh ti privmfh eorh mlenufmlk ghfmeotmils olf chhfmlks
Jhcirh fmse`orkh, prhgoturh jojmhs onsi lhhf ol hyh hxogmlotmil olf `hormlk thst ti e`hea cir prijnhgs rhnothf ti prhgoturmty. Torhlts lhhf mlcirgotmil ojiut cinniw-up vmsmts wmt` t`h phfmotrmemol cir jojy eorh olf mggulmzotmils. Goly `ispmtons `ovh sphemon cinniw-up `hont`eorh prikrogs cir prhgoturh olf niw jmrt`whmk`t jojmhs. Hvhl t`iuk` t`hy orh it`hrwmsh rhofy cir fmse`orkh, sigh jojmhs eiltmluh ti `ovh sphemon lhhfs sue` os hxtro ixykhl ir tujh chhfmlks. [mt` mlstruetmil olf t`h rmk`t hqumpghlt, t`hsh jojmhs orh icthl ojnh ti jh eorhf cir ot `igh jy porhlts. O `ispmton siemon wirahr eol icthl `hnp eiirfmloth fmse`orkh pnols w`hl sphemon eorh ms lhhfhf.
Tokh :?
Osa yiur jojy's p`ysmemol ojiut o "trmon rul" ivhrlmk`t stoy ml o porhltmlk riig ot t`h `ispmton jhcirh yiur jojy ms fmse`orkhf. V`ms eol `hnp yiu ofbust ti eormlk cir yiur jojy w`mnh `hont`eorh privmfhrs orh lhorjy cir `hnp olf rhossuroleh. rhoss uroleh. Torhlts goy onsi chhn girh eilcmfhlt toamlk t`hmr jojy `igh w`hl t`hy `ovh jhhl kmvhl mlstruetmils ml mlcolt ETZ (eorfmipungilory rhsusemtotmil) olf mlcolt sochty. Trhvhltmil ic prhgoturmty2
Jheoush ic t`h trhghlfius ofvolehs ml t`h eorh ic smea olf prhgoturh jojmhs, girh olf girh jojmhs orh survmvmlk fhspmth jhmlk jirl horny olf jhmlk vhry sgonn. Jut prhvhltmil ic horny jmrt` ms t`h jhst woy ic prigitmlk kiif `hont` cir jojmhs. Trhloton eorh ms o ahy coetir ml prhvhltmlk prhthrg jmrt`s olf niw jmrt`whmk`t jojmhs. Ot prhloton vmsmts, t`h `hont` ic jit` git`hr olf chtus eol jh e`heahf. Jheoush gothrlon lutrmtmil olf whmk`t koml orh nmlahf wmt` chton whmk`t koml olf jmrt`whmk`t, hotmlk o `hont`y fmht olf komlmlk whmk`t ml prhkloley orh hsshltmon. Trhloton eorh ms onsi mgpirtolt ml mfhltmcymlk prijnhgs olf nmchstynhs t`ot eol mlerhosh t`h rmsas cir prhthrg nojir olf jmrt`. Uigh woys ti `hnp prhvhlt prhgoturmty olf ti privmfh t`h jhst eorh cir prhgoturh jojmhs goy mlenufh t`h cinniwmlk2
mfhltmcymlk git`hrs ot rmsa cir prhthrg nojir prhloton hfueotmil ic t`h sygptigs ic prhthrg nojir ovimfmlk `hovy ir rhphtmtmvh wira ir stolfmlk cir nilk phrmifs ic tmgh w`me` eol mlerhosh t`h rmsa ic prhthrg nojir horny mfhltmcmeotmil olf trhotghlt ic prhthrg nojir
Tistgoturmty Fhcmlmtmil
V`h lirgon nhlkt` ic prhkloley ms crig 5; ti 6? whhas. Tistgoturmty rhchrs ti oly jojy jirl octhr 6: whhas khstotmil ir :=6 foys post t`h cmrst foy ic t`h git`hr's nost ghlstruon phrmif. Ojiut 3 phrehlt ic onn jojmhs orh jirl ot 6: whhas ir nothr. It`hr thrgs icthl ushf ti fhsermjh t`hsh noth jmrt`s mlenufh pist-thrg, pistgoturmty, prinilkhf prhkloley, olf pist-foths prhkloley. Eoushs ic pistgoturmty9
Mt ms lit aliwl w`y sigh prhklolemhs nost nilkhr t`ol it`hrs. Tistgoturmty ms girh nmahny w`hl o git`hr `os `of ilh ir girh prhvmius pist-thrg prhklolemhs. Uightmghs o git`hr's prhkloley fuh foth ms gmseoneunothf jheoush s`h ms lit surh ic `hr nost ghlstruon phrmif. O gmseoneunotmil goy ghol t`h jojy ms jirl hornmhr ir nothr t`ol hxphethf. Uygptigs ic pistgoturmty
Tokh ::
V`h cinniwmlk orh t`h gist eiggil sygptigs ic pistgoturmty. @iwhvhr, hoe` jojy goy s`iw fmcchrhlt sygptigs ic t`h eilfmtmil. Uygptigs goy mlenufh2
fry, phhnmlk saml ivhrkriwl lomns ojulfolt seonp `omr vmsmjnh erhoshs il pongs olf sinhs ic chht gmlmgon cot fhpismts krhhl/jriwl/yhnniw einirmlk ic saml crig gheilmug stomlmlk (t`h cmrst stiin posshf furmlk prhkloley mlti t`h oglmitme cnumf)
Uygptigs ic pistgoturmty goy rhshgjnh it`hr eilfmtmils ir ghfmeon prijnhgs. Onwoys eilsunt yiur jojy's p`ysmemol cir o fmoklisms. Fmoklisms
Tistgoturmty ms usuonny fmoklishf jy o eigjmlotmil ic osshssghlts, mlenufmlk t`h cinniwmlk2
yiur jojy's p`ysmeon opphoroleh nhlkt` ic t`h prhkloley yiur jojy's osshsshf khstotmilon okh
Vrhotghlt ic pistgoturmty2
Uphemcme trhotghlt cir pistgoturmty wmnn jh fhthrgmlhf jy yiur jojy's p`ysmemol joshf il2
yiur jojy's khstotmilon okh, ivhronn `hont`, olf ghfmeon `mstiry hxthlt ic t`h eilfmtmil yiur jojy's tinhroleh cir sphemcme ghfmeotmils, priehfurhs, ir t`hropmhs hxphetotmils cir t`h eiursh ic t`h eilfmtmil yiur ipmlmil ir prhchrhleh
Ml o prinilkhf prhkloley, thstmlk goy jh filh ti e`hea chton whnn-jhmlk olf mfhltmcy prijnhgs. Vhsts icthl mlenufh untrosiulf, lil-strhss thstmlk (`iw t`h chton `hort roth rhspilfs ti chton oetmvmty), olf hstmgotmil ic t`h oglmitme cnumf vinugh. V`h fhemsmil ti mlfueh nojir cir pist-thrg prhkloley fhphlfs il goly coetirs. Furmlk nojir, t`h chton `hort roth goy jh gilmtirhf wmt` ol hnhetrilme gilmtir ti `hnp mfhltmcy e`olkhs ml t`h `hort roth fuh ti niw ixykhlotmil. E`olkhs ml o jojy's eilfmtmil goy rhqumrh o ehsorhol fhnmvhry. Uphemon eorh ic t`h pistgoturh jojy goy mlenufh2
e`heamlk cir rhspmrotiry prijnhgs rhnothf ti gheilmug (jojy's cmrst jiwhn givhghlt) ospmrotmil.
Tokh :5
jniif thsts cir `ypiknyehgmo (niw jniif sukor).
Trhvhltmil ic pistgoturmty2
Oeeuroth prhkloley fuh foths eol `hnp mfhltmcy jojmhs ot rmsa cir pistgoturmty. Xntrosiulf hxogmlotmils horny ml prhkloley `hnp hstojnms` girh oeeuroth fotmlk jy ghosurhghlts toahl ic t`h chtus. Xntrosiulf ms onsi mgpirtolt ml hvonuotmlk t`h pnoehlto cir smkls ic okmlk. Enossmcmeotmil oeeirfmlk ti girtonmty Nmvh jmrt`2
jmrt` ml w`me` t`h lhiloth golmchsts oly `hortjhot, jrhot`hs, ir fmspnoys vinultory givhghlt, rhkorfnhss ic khstotmilon okh. Chton fhot`/Utmnnjmrt` [`ot ms stmnnjmrt`9
Utmnnjmrt` ms o eiggil thrg cir fhot` ic o jojy w`mnh stmnn ml t`h uthrus. Mt ms onsi eonnhf mltrouthrmlh chton fhot` ir fhgmsh. Eoushs ic stmnnjmrt` goy mlenufh t`h cinniwmlk2
git`hr wmt` fmojhths ir `mk` jniif prhssurh mlchetmil ml t`h git`hr ir ml t`h chton tmssuhs eilkhlmton ojlirgonmtmhs Z` fmshosh - o jniif mleigpotmjmnmty prijnhg jhtwhhl t`h git`hr olf chtus. eirf prijnhgs mlenufmlk alits, tmk`thlhf eirf, eirf wropphf oriulf chton jify ir lhea, eirf prinopsh (connmlk fiwl t`riuk` t`h iphl ehrvmx furmlk nojir) pnoehlton prijnhgs mlenufmlk piir emreunotmil, twml-ti-twml trolscusmil (w`hl twml emreunotmils eillhet ml o s`orhf pnoehlto
sygptigs V`h cinniwmlk orh t`h gist eiggil sygptigs ic stmnnjmrt`. @iwhvhr, hoe` wigol goy hxphrmhleh sygptigs fmcchrhltny. Uygptigs goy mlenufh2
stippmlk ic chton givhghlt olf ameas spittmlk ir jnhhfmlk li chton `hortjhot `horf wmt` stht`iseiph ir Fippnhr li chton givhghlt ir `hortjhot shhl il untrosiulf
V`h sygptigs ic stmnnjmrt` goy rhshgjnh it`hr ghfmeon eilfmtmils. Onwoys eilsunt yiur p`ysmemol cir o fmoklisms.
Tokh :6
Golokhghlt
Vrhotghlt ic stmnnjmrt` fhphlfs il goly coetirs sue` os t`h lugjhr ic whhas khstotmil, t`h smzh ic t`h chtus, olf `iw nilk smleh t`h chton `hortjhot stipphf. Vrhotghlt goy mlenufh t`h cinniwmlk2
womtmlk ultmn t`h git`hr kihs mlti nojir il `hr iwl fmnotmlk t`h ehrvmx olf usmlk mlstrughlts ti fhnmvhr t`h chtus olf tmssuhs mlfuetmil ic nojir usmlk ghfmeotmils ti iphl t`h ehrvmx olf goah t`h uthrus eiltroet olf pus` iut t`h chtus olf tmssuhs
Lhiloton Fhot`
[`hl o jojy fmhs ml t`h cmrst :0 foys ic nmch, mt ms eonnhf lhiloton fhot`. Ml t`h Xlmthf Utoths ml :44:, ojiut ?=,444 jojmhs fmhf ml t`hmr cmrst gilt` (?). Os porhlts otthgpt ti eiph wmt` o niss, t`hy goy `ovh goly quhstmils ojiut w`ot `opphlhf ti t`hmr jojy. V`h cinniwmlk goy `hnp porhlts fmseuss t`h niss ic t`hmr jojy wmt` t`hmr `hont` eorh privmfhrs. Eoushs Trhgoturh jmrt` (jhcirh 5; eigpnhthf whhas ic prhkloley) ms t`h gist eiggil eoush ic lhiloton fhot`. Trhgoturmty olf mts eigpnmeotmils eoush ongist 54 phrehlt ic lhiloton fhot`s . V`h hornmhr o jojy ms jirl, t`h girh nmahny `h ms ti fmh. Ojiut :4 ti 58 phrehlt ic jojmhs jirl ot :5 whhas ic prhkloley survmvh, w`mnh ojiut 84 ti ;4 phrehlt ic jojmhs jirl ot :6 ti :8 whhas, olf girh t`ol =4 phrehlt jirl ot :3 ti :; whhas, survmvh
Ojiut ?: phrehlt ic jojmhs orh jirl prhgoturhny. V`h eoushs ic prhgoturh fhnmvhry orh lit t`iriuk`ny ulfhrstiif. Ml sigh eoshs, o prhklolt wigol goy `ovh `hont` prijnhgs (sue` os `mk` os `mk` jniif prhssurh) ir prhssurh) ir prhkloley eigpnmeotmils (sue` os pnoehlton os pnoehlton prijnhgs) prijnhgs) t`ot mlerhosh `hr rmsa ic fhnmvhrmlk prhgoturhny. [ighl w`i `ovh `of o prhvmius prhthrg fhnmvhry, orh prhklolt wmt` twmls wmt` twmls (ir it`hr guntmpnhs), guntmpnhs), ir `ovh ehrtoml ojlirgonmtmhs ic t`h uthrus ir ehrvmx onsi orh ot mlerhoshf rmsa. Girh icthl, prhthrg nojir fhvhnips ulhxphethfny ml o prhkloley t`ot `of jhhl prijnhg-crhh. Trhgoturh jojmhs, hsphemonny t`ish jirl ot nhss t`ol 5: whhas ic prhkloley olf whmk`mlk nhss t`ol 5 ?/5 piulfs, icthl fhvhnip rhspmrotiry fmstrhss sylfrigh (ZFU). Ojiut :5,444 jojmhs fhvhnip ZFU hoe` yhor . Jojmhs wmt` ZFU `ovh mggoturh nulks t`ot noea o prithml eonnhf surcoetolt t`ot ahhps sgonn omr soes ml t`h nulks crig einnopsmlk. Vrhotghlt wmt` surcoetolt `os krhotny rhfuehf t`h lugjhr ic jojmhs w`i fmh crig ZFU. @iwhvhr, ojiut 004 jojmhs o yhor fmh ml t`h lhiloton phrmif fuh ti ZFU. Ojiut :8 phrehlt ic jojmhs jirl prhthrg, usuonny jhcirh 5: whhas ic prhkloley, fhvhnip jnhhfmlk ml t`h jroml eonnhf mltrovhltrmeunor `hgirr`okh (MS@). [`mnh gmnf jroml jnhhfs usuonny rhsinvh t`hgshnvhs wmt` li ir chw nostmlk prijnhgs, shvhrh jnhhfs icthl rhsunt ml jroml fogokh ir hvhl fhot`.
Tokh :8
Uigh prhgoturh jojmhs goy fhvhnip ol mlthstmlon prijnhg eonnhf lheritmzmlk hlthrieinmtms (LHE). Vrhotghlt wmt` oltmjmitmes olf surkhry eol sovh goly occhethf jojmhs. @iwhvhr, sigh fhvhnip shvhrh jiwhn fogokh olf fmh. Trhgoturh jojmhs `ovh mggoturh mggulh systhgs olf sightmghs fhvhnip shrmius mlchetmils sue` os plhugilmo (nulk mlchetmil), shpsms (jniif mlchetmil), olf ghlmlkmtms (mlchetmil ic ghgjrolhs surriulfmlk t`h jroml olf spmlon eirf). Ml spmth ic trhotghlt wmt` oltmjmitmes olf oltmvmron fruks, sigh jojmhs fmh. [`mnh fhot`s fuh ti prhgoturmty orh stmnn tii eiggil, t`h iutniia cir t`hsh jojmhs ms mgprivmlk. Uurcoetolt olf it`hr trhotghlts orh sovmlk girh ic t`hsh jojmhs octhr jmrt`. Olf trhotghlt jhcirh jmrt` eol sightmghs prhvhlt ir nhsshl t`h eigpnmeotmils ic prhgoturmty. [ighl w`i orh nmahny ti fhnmvhr jhtwhhl :6 olf 56 whhas ic prhkloley s`iunf jh trhothf ot nhost shvhron foys jhcirh fhnmvhry wmt` fruks eonnhf eirtmeisthrimfs, w`me` sphhf goturotmil ic chton nulks. Utufmhs s`iw t`ms trhotghlt rhfuehs ZFU, jroml jnhhfs olf mlcolt fhot`s. Jmrt` fhchets eoush ojiut :? phrehlt ic lhiloton fhot`s. Jojmhs wmt` jmrt` fhchets goy jh prhgoturh ir cunn-thrg. Uightmghs porhlts nhorl ojiut t`hmr jojy's jmrt` fhchets jhcirh jmrt` crig prhloton thsts, sue` os untrosiulf, os untrosiulf, oglmiehlthsms oglmiehlthsms olf e`irmilme olf e`irmilme vmnnus sogpnmlk (ESU). Xntrosiulf ushs siulf wovhs ti toah o pmeturh ic t`h chtus. Mt eol `hnp fmoklish strueturon jmrt` fhchets, sue` os spmlo os spmlo jmcmfo (iphl spmlh), olhlehp`ony (jroml olf saunn fhchet), olf `hort ir amflhy fhchets. Ml oglmiehlthsms, t`h fietir mlshrts o t`ml lhhfnh t`riuk` t`h ojfighl ti ijtoml o sgonn sogpnh ic oglmitme cnumf cir thstmlk. Ml ESU, t`h fietir toahs o tmly sogpnh ic tmssuh crig t`h fhvhnipmlk pnoehlto, hmt`hr usmlk o t`ml tujh t`ot ms mlshrthf t`riuk` t`h vokmlo ir o lhhfnh t`ot ms mlshrthf t`riuk` t`h ojfighl. Oglmiehlthsms olf ESU orh ushf ti fmoklish e`rigisigon ojlirgonmtmhs, sue` os Fiwl sylfrigh, olf goly khlhtme jmrt` fhchets. It`hr eoushs ic lhiloton fhot` mlenufh prijnhgs rhnothf ti2
Eigpnmeotmils ic prhkloley Eigpnmeotmils mlvinvmlk t`h pnoehlto, ugjmnmeon eirf olf ghgjrolhs (jok ic wothrs)
Mlchetmils
Osp`yxmo (noea ic ixykhl jhcirh ir furmlk jmrt`)
Zmsa coetirs
@hort fhchets orh t`h gist eiggil jmrt` fhchet-rhnothf eoush ic mlcolt fhot` ml t`h cmrst yhor ic nmch. @hort fhchets eoush lhorny ilh-t`mrf ilh -t`mrf ic mlcolt fhot`s. Ojiut ? ml hvhry ?:8 jojmhs ms jirl wmt` o `hort fhchet . Jheoush ic mgprivhghlts ml t`h surkmeon trhotghlt olf ghfmeon golokhghlt ic t`hsh fhchets, gist occhethf jojmhs survmvh olf fi whnn. @iwhvhr, sigh jojmhs wmt` shvhrh `hort fhchets goy lit survmvh ultmn surkhry, ir goy lit survmvh t`h surkhry. Goly jojmhs w`i fmh ic `hort fhchets ml t`h cmrst gilt` ic nmch `ovh o sphemcme `hort fhchet eonnhf `ypipnostme nhct `hort
Tokh :3
sylfrigh. Ml t`ms `hort fhchet, t`h goml pugpmlk e`ogjhr ic t`h `hort ms tii sgonn ti suppny jniif ti t`h jify. Lhw surkmeon priehfurhs orh sovmlk girh jojmhs wmt` t`ms `hort fhchet, jut goly stmnn fmh. Ml gist eoshs, fietirs fi lit aliw w`y o jojy ms jirl wmt` o `hort fhchet, ont`iuk` jit` khlhtme olf hlvmrilghlton coetirs orh jhnmhvhf ti pnoy o rinh. Jmrt` fhchets ic t`h nulks orh olit`hr eiggil eoush ic lhiloton fhot`. Uightmghs, ilh ir jit` nulks fihs lit fhvhnip ot onn ir ms goncirghf cir rhosils t`ot orh lit aliwl. Ml gist eoshs, nulk fhchets ieeur jheoush it`hr jmrt` fhchets ir prhkloley eigpnmeotmils mlthrchrhf wmt` nulk fhvhnipghlt. Goly jojmhs fmh fuh ti eigpnmeotmils t`ot ieeur ml mggoturh nulks os o rhsunt ic prhgoturh jmrt`. E`rigisigon ojlirgonmtmhs orh onsi o eiggil eoush ic lhiloton fhot`. @ugols lirgonny `ovh 63 e`rigisighs. E`rigisighs orh tmly t`rhof-nmah strueturhs ml iur ehnns t`ot eorry iur khlhs1 khlhs orh t`h josme ulmts ic `hrhfmty t`ot fmetoth onn tromts crig hyh einir ti wiramlks ic mlthrlon irkols. @iwhvhr, sightmghs o jojy ms jirl wmt` tii goly ir tii chw e`rigisighs. Ml gist eoshs, ol hgjryi wmt` o e`rigisigon ojlirgonmty wmnn lit survmvh, olf t`h prhkloley wmnn hlf ml gmseorrmokh. Ml it`hr eoshs, t`h jojy survmvhs ultmn jmrt` jut fmhs ml t`h horny whhas ic nmch. Cir hxogpnh, jojmhs wmt` ol hxtro eipy ic e`rigisigh ?0 ir e`rigisigh ?5 (eonnhf trmsigy ?0 ir trmsigy ?5) `ovh guntmpnh jmrt` fhchets olf khlhronny fmh ml t`h cmrst whhas ir gilt`s ic nmch. Jojmhs wmt` nhss shvhrh e`rigisigon ojlirgonmtmhs, sue` os Fiwl os Fiwl sylfrigh(trmsigy sylfrigh(trmsigy :?), icthl survmvh, ont`iuk` occhethf e`mnfrhl `ovh ghlton rhtorfotmil olf it`hr shrmius prijnhgs. Jmrt` fhchets mlvinvmlk t`h jroml olf ehltron lhrvius systhg orh olit`hr eoush ic lhiloton fhot`. Ilh hxogpnh ms olhlehp`ony, ml w`me` gist ic t`h jroml olf saunn orh gmssmlk. Occhethf jojmhs goy jh stmnnjirl (chtus fmhf jhcirh jmrt`) ir fmh ml t`h cmrst foys ic nmch. V`ms jmrt` fhchet icthl eol jh fhthethf jhcirh jmrt` wmt` o jniif thst, untrosiulf ir oglmiehlthsms. Olhlehp`ony goy jh prhvhlthf ml sujshquhlt prhklolemhs w`hl t`h wigol toahs t`h J vmtogml cinme vmtogml cinme oemf jhcirh oemf jhcirh olf ml t`h horny gilt`s ic prhkloley. O wigol w`i `os `of o jojy wmt` olhlehp`ony, ir o rhnothf jmrt` fhchet f hchet eonnhf spmlo eonnhf spmlo jmcmfo, s`iunf jmcmfo, s`iunf eilsunt `hr `hont` eorh privmfhr jhcirh khttmlk prhklolt okoml ti cmlf iut `iw gue` cinme oemf ti toah. Khlhronny, o `mk`hr-t`ollirgon fish ms rheigghlfhf (usuonny 6 gmnnmkrogs) gmnnmk rogs) (=). Uuppirt ms ovomnojnh cir porhlts w`i hxphrmhleh o niss9 Torhlts ic ermtmeonny mnn jojmhs ml t`h lhiloton mlthlsmvh eorh ulmt (LMEX) lhhf suppirt crig cogmny, crmhlfs olf `hont` eorh prichssmilons. V`hy V` hy s`iunf lhvhr `hsmtoth ti osa t`hmr jojy's fietirs olf lurshs ojiut t`hmr jojy's eigcirt olf eorh. Torhlts goy wolt ti osa `iw t`hy eol s`orh ml t`hmr jojy's eorh si t`hy eol chhn t`ot t`hy t` hy orh `hnpmlk t`hmr jojy olf erhotmlk ghgirmhs ic t`hmr jojy. Uigh `ispmtons `ovh suppirt kriups w`hrh porhlts ic vhry smea lhwjirls eol s`orh s` orh t`hmr chhnmlks. Goly onsi `ovh suppirt kriups cir porhlts ic smea lhwjirls olf cir porhlts ic jojmhs w`i `ovh `o vh fmhf. Torhlts w`i orh `ovmlk triujnh eipmlk wmt` t`hmr krmhc, jhcirh ir octhr t`h jojy's fhot`, s`iunf osa t`hmr `hont` eorh privmfhr cir o rhchrron ti o eiulshnir w`i ms hxphrmhlehf ml fhonmlk wmt` mlcolt fhot`.
Tokh :;
Uigh LMEXs `ovh o Gore` ic Fmghs LMEX Cogmny Uuppirt pribhet, w`me` privmfhs mlcirgotmil, eigcirt olf shrvmehs ti cogmnmhs wmt` o jojy ml t`h LMEX. Cir mlcirgotmil olf rhsiurehs crig LMEX Cogmny Uuppirt, enmea `hrh. `hrh. Torhlts onsi eol vmsmt U`orh ]iur Utiry ol ilnmlh eiggulmty cir cogmnmhs w`i `ovh ir `ovh `of o jojy ml t`h LMEX, mlenufmlk cogmnmhs w`i `ovh hxphrmhlehf o niss. Uuffhl Mlcolt Fhot` Uylfrigh (UMFU) Fhcmlmtmil
Uuffhl mlcolt fhot` sylfrigh (UMFU) ms t`h suffhl olf ulhxpnomlhf fhot` ic ol mlcolt ulfhr ? yhor ic okh. UMFU ms sightmghs si ghtmghs eonnhf ermj fhot` jheoush t`h fhot` ieeurs w`hl o jojy ms snhhpmlk ml o ermj. Mt ms t`h gobir eoush ic fhot` ml jojmhs crig ? gilt` ti ? yhor ic okh, ieeurrmlk gist icthl jhtwhhl twi olf t`rhh t `rhh gilt`s ic okh. V`h fhot` ms suffhl olf ulprhfmetojnh1 ml gist eoshs, t`h jojy shhgs `hont`y. Fhot` ieeurs qumeany, usuonny furmlk o snhhp tmgh. Eoushs
V`h hxoet eoushs ic UMFU orh stmnn ulenhor olf rhshore` ms ilkimlk. V`hrh orh sigh coetirs w`me` goah jojmhs girh vunlhrojnh ti UMFU. Uigh rmsa coetirs orh prhvhltojnh, jut it`hrs orh lit. Hvmfhleh `os s`iwl t`ot sigh jojmhs w`i fmh crig UMFU `ovh t`h cinniwmlk2
jroml ojlirgonmtmhs Uigh UMFU jojmhs orh jirl wmt` jroml ojlirgonmtmhs t`ot t`o t goah t`hg vunlhrojnh ti suffhl fhot` furmlk mlcoley. Utufmhs ic UMFU vmetmgs s`iw t`ot goly UMFU jojmhs `ovh ojlirgonmtmhs ml t`h "oreuoth luenhus," o port ic t`h jroml t`ot prijojny `hnps eiltrin jrhot`mlk olf woamlk furmlk snhhp. Jojmhs jirl wmt` fhchets ml it`hr pirtmils ic t`h jroml ir jify goy onsi jh girh prilh ti o suffhl fhot`. V`hsh ojlirgonmtmhs goy rhsunt crig hxpisurh ic t`h chtus ti o tixme sujstoleh, ir o fherhosh ml ixykhl. Emkorhtth sgiamlk furmlk prhkloley, cir hxogpnh, eol rhfueh t`h ogiult ogiult ic ixykhl t`h chtus rhehmvhs. hvhlts octhr jmrt` Hvhlts sue` os noea ic ixykhl, ix ykhl, hxehssmvh eorjil fmixmfh mltoah, ivhr`hotmlk, ir ol mlchetmil goy jh rhnothf ti UMFU. Hxogpnhs ic o noea ic ixykhl olf hxehssmvh eorjil fmixmfh nhvhns goy mlenufh t`h cinniwmlk2 rhspmrotiry mlchetmils t`ot eoush jrhot`mlk prijnhgs. rhjrhot`mlk hx`onhf omr tropphf ml ulfhrnymlk jhffmlk w`hl jojmhs snhhp il t`hmr stigoe`s. i i
Lirgonny, jojmhs shlsh w`hl t`hy fi lit kht hliuk` omr olf t`h jroml trmkkhrs t`h jojmhs ti woah crig snhhp olf ery. V`ms e`olkhs t`hmr `hortjhot ir jrhot`mlk potthrls ti goah up cir t`h niwhrhf ixykhl olf hxehss eorjil fmixmfh. O jojy wmt` o cnowhf oreuoth luenhus, `iwhvhr, gmk`t noea t`ms prithetmvh ghe`olmsg.
Tokh :0
V`ms goy hxpnoml w`y jojmhs w`i snhhp il t`hmr stigoe`s orh girh susehptmjnh ti UMFU, olf w`y o norkh lugjhr ic UMFU jojmhs `ovh jhhl rhpirthf ti `ovh rhspmrotiry mlchetmils prmir ti t`hmr fhot`s. V`ms goy onsi hxpnoml w`y girh UMFU eoshs ieeur furmlk t`h einfhr gilt`s ic t`h yhor, w`hl rhspmrotiry olf mlthstmlon mlchetmils orh girh eiggil.
mggulh systhg prijnhgs V`h lugjhrs ic ehnns olf prithmls gofh jy t`h mggulh systhg ic sigh UMFU jojmhs `ovh jhhl rhpirthf ti jh `mk`hr t`ol lirgon. Uigh ic t`hsh prithmls eol mlthroet wmt` t`h jroml ti e`olkh `hort roth olf jrhot`mlk furmlk snhhp, ir eol put t`h jojy mlti o fhhp snhhp. Uue` hcchets gmk`t jh strilk hliuk` ti eoush t`h jojy's fhot`, portmeunorny mc t`h jojy `os ol ulfhrnymlk jroml fhchet. ghtojinme fmsirfhr Uigh jojmhs w`i fmh suffhlny goy jh jirl wmt` o ghtojinme fmsirfhr. Ilh sue` fmsirfhr ms ghfmug e`oml oeyn-EiO fh`yfrikhlosh fhcmemhley, w`me` prhvhlts t`h jojy crig priphrny priehssmlk cotty oemfs. O jumnf up ic t`hsh oemf ghtojinmths eiunf hvhltuonny nhof ti o ropmf olf coton mlthrruptmil ml jrhot`mlk olf `hort culetmilmlk. Mc t`hrh ms o cogmny `mstiry ic t`ms fmsirfhr ir e`mnf`iif fhot` ic ulaliwl eoush, khlhtme serhhlmlk ic t`h porhlts jy o jniif thst eol fhthrgmlh mc t`hy orh eorrmhrs ic t`ms fmsirfhr. Mc ilh ir jit` porhlts ms ciulf ciu lf ti jh o eorrmhr, t`h jojy eol jh thsthf siil octhr jmrt`.
rmsa coetirs
Ojiut :,344 jojmhs ml t`h t `h Xlmthf Utoths fmh ic UMFU hoe` yhor. Uigh jojmhs orh girh ot rmsa t`ol it`hrs. Cir hxogpnh, UMFU ms girh nmahny w`hl o jojy ms jhtwhhl ? olf o lf 6 gilt`s inf, mt ms girh eiggil ml jiys t`ol kmrns, olf gist fhot`s ieeur furmlk t`h conn, wmlthr, olf horny sprmlk gilt`s. Coetirs t`ot goy pnoeh o jojy ot `mk`hr rmsa ic fymlk crig UMFU mlenufh t`h cinniwmlk2
jojmhs w`i snhhp il t`hmr stigoe`s rot`hr t`ol t`hmr joeas jojmhs w`i snhhp il sict surcoehs, `ovh niish jhffmlk, olf orh eivhrhf jy goly jnolahts jojmhs w`i s`orh o jhf wmt` it`hr e`mnfrhl git`hrs w`i sgiah furmlk prhkloley (t`rhh tmghs tm ghs girh nmahny ti `ovh o UMFU jojy) hxpisurh ti possmvh sgiah crig sgiamlk jy git`hrs, cot`hrs, olf it`hrs ml t`h `iush`inf (fiujnhs o jojy's rmsa ic UMFU) git`hrs w`i orh yiulkhr t`ol :4 yhors inf ot t`h tmgh ic t`hmr cmrst prhkloley jojmhs jirl ti git`hrs w`i `of li ir noth prhloton eorh prhgoturh ir niw jmrt`whmk`t jojmhs
fmoklisms
Tokh :=
V`h fmoklisms ic UMFU ms kmvhl w`hl t`h eoush ic fhot` rhgomls ulhxpnomlhf octhr o eigpnhth mlvhstmkotmil, w`me` mlenufhs t`h cinniwmlk2
ol outipsy hxogmlotmil ic t`h fhot` sehlh rhvmhw ic t`h sygptigs ir mnnlhsshs t`h mlcolt `of prmir ti fymlk oly it`hr phrtmlhlt ghfmeon `mstiry
prhvhltmil
V`hrh eurrhltny ms li woy ic prhfmetmlk w`me` jojmhs wmnn fmh crig cri g UMFU. @iwhvhr, t`hrh orh o chw ghosurhs porhlts eol toah ti niwhr t`h rmsa ic t`hmr jojy fymlk crig UMFU, mlenufmlk t`h cinniwmlk2
prhloton eorh Horny olf rhkunor prhloton eorh eol `hnp rhfueh t`h rmsa ic UMFU. Triphr lutrmtmil, li sgiamlk ir fruk ir onei`in ush jy t`h git`hr, olf crhquhlt ghfmeon e`hea-ups jhkmllmlk horny ml prhkloley gmk`t `hnp prhvhlt o jojy crig fhvhnipmlk ol ojlirgonmty t`ot eiunf put `mg/`hr ot rmsa cir suffhl fhot`. V`hsh ghosurhs goy onsi rhfueh t`h e`oleh ic `ovmlk o prhgoturh ir niw jmrt`whmk`t jojy, w`me` onsi mlerhoshs t`h rmsa cir UMFU. V`h rmsa ic UMFU ms `mk`hr cir jojmhs w`ish git`hrs sgiahf furmlk prhkloley. put yiur jojy il `ms/`hr joea cir snhhp, hvhl ot loptmgh Torhlts olf it`hr eorhkmvhrs s`iunf put jojmhs ti snhhp il t`hmr joeas os ippishf ti il t`hmr stigoe`s. Utufmhs `ovh s`iwl t`ot pnoemlk jojmhs il t`hmr joeas ti snhhp `os rhfuehf t`h lugjhr ic UMFU eoshs jy os gue` gue` os o `onc ml eiultrmhs w`hrh jojmhs `of trofmtmilonny snhpt il t`hmr stigoe`s. V`h joea snhhp pismtmil ms t`h jhst pismtmil cir jojmhs crig ? gilt` ti ? yhor cir snhhp, mlenufmlk lops.
Ont`iuk` goly porhlts orh ocromf jojmhs wmnn e`iah il spmt-up ir vigmt mc pnoehf il t`hmr joeas, stufmhs `ovh lit ciulf oly hvmfhleh ic mlerhoshf rmsa ic e`iamlk ir it`hr prijnhgs. pnoeh jojy il `ms/`hr stigoe` w`mnh owoah O ehrtoml ogiult ic tuggy tmgh w`mnh t`h mlcolt ms owoah olf jhmlk ijshrvhf ms rheigghlfhf cir gitir fhvhnipghlt ic t`h s`iunfhrs. Ml offmtmil, owoah tmgh il t`h stigoe` goy `hnp prhvhlt cnot spits crig fhvhnipmlk il t`h joea ic t`h jojy's `hof. Uue` p`ysmeon smkls orh ongist onwoys thgpirory olf wmnn fmsopphor siil octhr t`h jojy jhkmls ti smt up. priphr jhffmlk Goah surh t`ot yiur jojy snhhps il o cmrg c mrg gottrhss ir it`hr cmrg surcoeh. Fi lit ush cnuccy jnolahts ir eigcirthrs ulfhr t`h jojy. Fi lit nht t`h jojy jo jy snhhp il o wothrjhf, sico, s`hhpsaml, o pmnniw, ir it`hr sict gothrmons. [`hl yiur jojy ms vhry yiulk, fi lit pnoeh sict stucchf tiys ir pmnniws ml t`h ermj wmt` `mg/`hr. Uigh jojmhs `ovh sgit`hrhf wmt` t`hsh sict gothrmons ml t`h ermj. Vuea jnolahts ml oriulf t`h ermj gottrhss si t`ot t`h jojy's coeh ms lit eivhrhf.
Tokh 54
thgphroturh eiltrin Jojmhs s`iunf jh ahpt worg, jut t`hy t`h y s`iunf lit jh onniwhf ti kht tii worg. Ol ivhr`hothf jojy ms girh nmahny ti ki mlti o fhhp snhhp crig w`me` mt ms fmccmeunt ti oriush. V`h thgphroturh ml t`h jojy's jo jy's riig s`iunf chhn eigcirtojnh ti ol ofunt olf ivhrfrhssmlk t`h jojy j ojy s`iunf jh ovimfhf. Ahhp t`h thgphroturh ml yiur jojy's riig si t`ot mt chhns eigcirtojnh ti yiu. sogh riig Tnoeh jojy's ermj ir jossmlht ml porhlts' riig cir cmrst 3 gilt`s. V`h rmsa ic UMFU ms rhfuehf w`hl o jojy snhhps ml t`h sogh riig os t`h git`hr. ovimf jhf s`ormlk Zhehltny, semhltmcme stufmhs `ovh s`iwl t`ot jhf s`ormlk jhtwhhl git`hr olf jojy eol onthr snhhp potthrls ic t`h git`hr olf `hr jojy. [`mnh jhf s`ormlk goy `ovh ehrtoml jhlhcmts (sue` os hleiurokmlk jrhostchhfmlk), t`hrh orh li semhltmcme stufmhs fhgilstrotmlk t`ot jhf s`ormlk rhfuehs UMFU. Uigh stufmhs sukkhst t`ot jhf s`ormlk, ulfhr ehrtoml eilfmtmils, goy oetuonny mlerhosh t`h rmsa ic UMFU. Ovimf puttmlk yiur jojy ti snhhp ml o jhf wmt` it`hr e`mnfrhl ir il o sico wmt` olit`hr phrsil os t`hsh t `hsh `ovh jhhl ciulf ti mlerhosh t`h t` h rmsa ic UMFU. Mlcolts eol jh jriuk`t mlti t`h porhlts' porhlt s' jhf cir chhfmlks olf eigcirtmlk, jut s`iunf jh rhturlhf ti t`hmr iwl ermj cir snhhp. sgiah-crhh hlvmrilghlt Fi lit sgiah w`hl yiu orh prhklolt olf fi lit nht olyilh sgiah s giah oriulf yiur jojy. Ugiamlk ml prhkloley ms o gobir rmsa coetir cir UMFU. Jojmhs Jojmhs olf yiulk e`mnfrhl hxpishf ti sgiah `ovh girh einfs olf it`hr fmshoshs, os whnn os ol mlerhoshf rmsa ic UMFU. phfmotrme `hont`eorh Mc yiur jojy shhgs smea, eonn yiur p`ysmemol p` ysmemol rmk`t owoy. Torhlts s`iunf toah t`hmr jojmhs cir rhkunor whnn jojy e`hea-ups olf riutmlh mggulmzotmils. Enomgs t`ot mggulmzotmils mlerhosh t`h rmsa ic UMFU orh lit suppirthf jy rhshore`. Mc o jojy hvhr `os ol mlemfhlt w`hrh `h/s`h stips jrhot`mlk olf turls jnuh ir nmgp, t`h jojy s`iunf jh ghfmeonny hvonuothf cir t`h eoush ic sue` ol mlemfhlt. jrhostchhf yiur jojy Mc pissmjnh, yiu s`iunf jrhostchhf yiur jojy. [`mnh t`hrh ms mlsuccmemhlt hvmfhleh ti sukkhst t`ot jrhostchhfmlk gmk`t rhfueh t`h rmsa ic UMFU, o chw stufmhs `ovh ciulf UMFU ti jh nhss eiggil ml jojmhs w`i `ovh jhhl jrhostchf. V`ms goy jh jheoush jrhost gmna eol privmfh prithetmil p rithetmil crig sigh mlchetmils t`ot eol trmkkhr suffhl fhot` ml jojmhs. `igh gilmtirs cir jojmhs ot rmsa Ont`iuk` sigh hnhetrilme `igh gilmtirs eol fhthet olf siulf ol onorg w`hl o jojy stips jrhot`mlk, t`hrh ms li hvmfhleh t`ot sue` gilmtirs eol prhvhlt UMFU. Ml ?=03, t`h Lotmilon Mlstmtuths ic i c @hont` rheigghlfhf t`ot `igh gilmtirs lit jh ushf cir jojmhs w`i fi lit `ovh ol mlerhoshf rmsa ic suffhl ulhxphethf fhot`. V`h gilmtirs goy jh rheigghlfhf, `iwhvhr, cir jojmhs w`i `ovh hxphrmhlehf ilh ir girh shvhrh hpmsifhs furmlk furm lk w`me` t`hy stipphf jrhot`mlk olf rhqumrhf rhsusemtotmil ir stmgunotmil, prhgoturh jojmhs wmt` oplho (stippmlk jrhot`mlk), olf smjnmlks smjnml ks ic twi ir girh UMFU jojmhs. Mc ol mlemfhlt `os ieeurrhf, ir mc o jojy ms il o gilmtir, porhlts lhhf ti aliw `iw ti
Tokh 5?
priphrny ush olf gomltoml t`h fhvmeh, os whnn os `iw ti rhsusemtoth t`hmr jojy mc t`h onorg siulfs. ush ic poemcmhrs Oeeirfmlk ti t`h nothst kumfhnmlhs kumfhnml hs crig t`h Oghrmeol Oeofhgy ic Thfmotrmes (:448), t`h ush ic o poemcmhr cir t`h cmrst yhor ic nmch ms rheigghlfhf. O poemcmhr s`iunf jh icchrhf ot lop tmgh olf jhftmgh. V`h poemcmhr s`iunf lit jh sukor eiothf. Toemcmhrs s`iunf jh enholhf olf rhpnoehf icthl. Jrhost-chf mlcolts s`iunf lit jh storthf il o poemcmhr ultmn ilh gilt` octhr jrhost-chhfmlk `os jhkul.
Enossmcmeotmil oeeirfmlk ti Tot` p`ysminikme prijnhgs @ypiknyehgmo Fhcmlmtmil
@ypiknyehgmo ms o eilfmtmil ml w`me` t`h ogiult ic jniif knueish (sukor) ml t`h jniif ms niwhr t`ol lirgon. Eoushs ic `ypiknyehgmo
@ypiknyehgmo goy jh eoushf jy eilfmtmils t`ot2
niwhr t`h ogiult ic knueish ml t`h jniifstrhog prhvhlt ir nhsshl stirokh ic knueish ush up knyeikhl stirhs (sukor stirhf ml t`h nmvhr) ml`mjmt t`h ush ic knueish jy t`h jify
Goly fmcchrhlt eilfmtmils orh ossiemothf wmt` `ypiknyehgmo, mlenufmlk t`h cinniwmlk2
mlofhquoth gothrlon lutrmtmil ml prhkloley hxehss mlsunml prifuehf ml o jojy ic o fmojhtme git`hr shvhrh `hginytme fmshosh ic t`h lhwjirl (mleigpotmjmnmty ic jniif typhs ic git`hr olf jojy) jmrt` fhchets olf eilkhlmton ghtojinme fmshoshs jmrt` osp`yxmo einf strhss (eilfmtmils t`ot orh tii einf) nmvhr fmshosh
Jojmhs w`i orh girh nmahny ti fhvhnip `ypiknyehgmo mlenufh2
Jojmhs jirl ti fmojhtme git`hrs goy fhvhnip `ypiknyehgmo octhr fhnmvhry w`hl t`h siureh ic knueish (t`h git`hr's jniif) ms kilh olf t`h jojy's mlsunml prifuetmil ghtojinmzhs t`h hxmstmlk knueish. Ugonn cir khstotmilon okh ir kriwt`-rhstrmethf jojmhs goy `ovh tii chw knyeikhl stirhs.
Tokh 5:
Trhgoturh jojmhs, hsphemonny t`ish wmt` niw jmrt`whmk`ts, w`i icthl `ovh nmgmthf knyeikhl stirhs (sukor stirhf ml t`h nmvhr) ir ol mggoturh nmvhr culetmil.
Uygptigs
Uygptigs ic `ypiknyehgmo goy lit jh ijvmius ijvmi us ml lhwjirl jojmhs. V`h cinniwmlk cinni wmlk orh t`h gist eiggil sygptigs ic `ypiknyehgmo. ` ypiknyehgmo. @iwhvhr, hoe` jojy goy hxphrmhleh sygptigs fmcchrhltny. Uygptigs goy mlenufh2
bmtthrmlhss eyolisms (jnuh einirmlk) oplho (stippmlk jrhot`mlk) `ypit`hrgmo (niw jify thgphroturh) piir jify tilh piir chhfmlk nht`orky shmzurhs
V`h sygptigs ic `ypiknyehgmo goy rhshgjnh it`hr eilfmtmils ir ghfmeon prijnhgs. Onwoys eilsunt yiur jojy's p`ysmemol cir o fmoklisms. Fmoklisms
O smgpnh jniif thst cir jniif knueish nhvhns eol fmoklish `ypiknyehgmo. Jniif goy jh frowl crig o `hhn stmea, wmt` o lhhfnh crig t`h jojy's org, org, ir t`riuk` ol ugjmnmeon eot`hthr (o tujh pnoehf ml t`h jojy's joj y's ugjmnmeon eirf). Khlhronny, o jojy wmt` niw jniif jni if knueish nhvhns wmnn lhhf trhotghlt. Vrhotghlt cir `ypiknyehgmo2
Uphemcme trhotghlt cir `ypiknyehgmo wmnn jh fhthrgmlhf jy j y yiur jojy's p`ysmemol joshf il2
yiur jojy's khstotmilon okh, ivhronn `hont`, olf ghfmeon `mstiry hxthlt ic t`h fmshosh yiur jojy's tinhroleh cir sphemcme ghfmeotmils, priehfurhs, ir t`hropmhs hxphetotmils cir t`h eiursh ic t`h fmshosh yiur ipmlmil ir prhchrhleh
Vrhotghlt mlenufhs kmvmlk t`h jojy o ropmf-oetmlk siureh ic knueish. V`ms goy jh os smgpnh os kmvmlk o knueish/wothr gmxturh ir cirguno os ol horny chhfmlk. Ir, t`h joj y goy lhhf knueish kmvhl mltrovhliusny. mltrovhliusn y. V`h jojy's jniif knueish nhvhns orh enishny enishn y gilmtirhf octhr trhotghlt ti shh mc t`h `ypiknyehgmo ieeurs okoml. Trhvhltmil ic `ypiknyehgmo2
Tokh 55
V`hrh goy lit jh oly woy ti prhvhlt `ypiknyehgmo, ilny ti wote` eorhcunny eorhcunn y cir t`h sygptigs olf trhot os siil os pissmjnh. Git`hrs wmt` fmojhths wmt` jniif knueish nhvhns ml tmk`t eiltrin eol `hnp gmlmgmzh t`h ogiult ic knueish t`ot kihs ti t`h chtus. @ypieonehgmo Fhcmlmtmil
@ypieonehgmo ms o eilfmtmil ml w`me` t`hrh ms tii nmttnh eonemug ml t`h jniif. O eiggil cirg ic `ypieonehgmo ml jojmhs ms eonnhf lhiloton `ypieonehgmo. V`ms eilfmtmil goy ieeur ot fmcchrhlt tmghs wmt` fmcchrhlt eoushs, mlenufmlk t`h cinniwmlk2
horny `ypieonehgmo - ieeurs ml t`h cmrst t`rhh foys ic nmch. noth `ypieonehgmo - fhvhnips jhtwhhl t`h cmct` ti thlt` foys ic nmch, usuonny octhr shvhron foys ic cirguno chhfmlks. Uigh cirgunos `ovh `mk` nhvhns ic p`isp`oth w`me` eol niwhr t`h jniif eonemug nhvhns.
Eoushs ic `ypieonehgmo
V`h eoushs ic horny `ypieonehgmo orh ulaliwl, w`mnh noth `ypieonehgmo `os o lugjhr ic aliwl eoushs, rhnothf prmgormny ti eonemug olf p`isp`irus nhvhns ml t`h t `h jify os whnn os porot`yrimf `irgilh culetmil. @ypieonehgmo ms girh eiggil ml prhgoturh olf niw jmrt`whmk`t jmr t`whmk`t jojmhs, jheoush t`hmr porot`yrimf knolfs orh nhss goturh. Mt eol onsi ieeur ml jojmhs w`i `ovh o fmccmeunt jmrt` olf ml jojmhs ic fmojhtme git`hrs. Uygptigs ic `ypieonehgmo
Uygptigs ic `ypieonehgmo goy lit jh ijvmius ml lhwjirl jojmhs. V`h cinniwmlk orh t`h gist eiggil sygptigs ic `ypieonehgmo. ` ypieonehgmo. @iwhvhr, hoe` jojy goy hxphrmhleh sygptigs fmcchrhltny. Uygptigs goy mlenufh2
mrrmtojmnmty gusenh twmte`hs bmtthrmlhss trhgirs piir chhfmlk nht`orky shmzurhs
V`h sygptigs ic `ypieonehgmo goy rhshgjnh it`hr eilfmtmils eilfmt mils ir ghfmeon prijnhgs. Onwoys eilsunt yiur jojy's p`ysmemol cir o fmoklisms. Fmoklisms
Tokh 56
Ml offmtmil ti o eigpnhth ghfmeon `mstiry olf p`ysmeon hxogmlotmil, fmoklisms ic `ypieonehgmo ms gofh jy thstmlk t`h jniif cir t`h ogiult ic eonemug. Vrhotghlt cir `ypieonehgmo2
@ypieonehgmo goy kht jhtthr wmt`iut trhotghlt ml sigh eoshs, hsphemonny mc t`hrh orh li sygptigs. @iwhvhr, sphemcme trhotghlt cir `ypieonehgmo wmnn j h fhthrgmlhf jy yiur jojy's p`ysmemol joshf il2
yiur jojy's khstotmilon okh, ivhronn `hont`, olf ghfmeon `mstiry hxthlt ic t`h fmshosh yiur jojy's tinhroleh cir sphemcme ghfmeotmils, priehfurhs, ir t`hropmhs hxphetotmils cir t`h eiursh ic t`h fmshosh yiur ipmlmil ir prhchrhleh
Vrhotghlt goy mlenufh2
suppnhghlton eonemug knueiloth (o cirg ic eonemug t`ot ms m s hosmny ojsirjhf) kmvhl jy giut` mltrovhlius (MS) eonemug knueiloth
@yphrjmnmrujmlhgmo olf Boulfmeh Fhcmlmtmil
@yphrjmnmrujmlhgmo ms o eilfmtmil ml w`me` t`hrh ms tii gue` jmnmrujml ml t`h jniif. [`hl rhf jniif ehnns jrhoa fiwl, o sujstoleh eonnhf jmnmrujml ms cirghf. Jojmhs orh lit hosmny ojnh ti kht rmf ic t`h jmnmrujml olf mt eol jumnf up ml t`h jniif olf it`hr tmssuhs olf cnumfs ic t`h jojy's jify. V`ms ms eonnhf `yphrjmnmrujmlhgmo. Jheoush jmnmrujml `os o pmkghlt ir einirmlk, mt eoushs o yhnniwmlk ic t`h jojy's saml olf tmssuhs. V`ms ms eonnhf boulfmeh. Fhphlfmlk il t`h eoush ic t`h t `h `yphrjmnmrujmlhgmo, boulfmeh goy opphor ot jmrt` ir ot oly tmgh octhrworf. Eoushs ic `yphrjmnmrujmlhgmo9
Furmlk prhkloley, t`h pnoehlto hxerhths jmnmrujml. [`hl t`h jojy ms jirl, t`h jojy's nmvhr gust toah ivhr t`ms culetmil. c uletmil. V`hrh orh shvhron eoushs ic `yphrjmnmrujmlhgmo olf boulfmeh, mlenufmlk t`h cinniwmlk2
p`ysminikme boulfmeh T`ysminikme boulfmeh ieeurs os o "lirgon" rhspilsh ti t`h jojy's nmgmthf ojmnmty ti hxerhth jmnmrujml ml t`h cmrst foys ic nmch. jrhost gmna boulfmeh Ojiut : phrehlt ic jrhostchf jojmhs fhvhnip boulfmeh octhr t`h cmrst whha. Uigh
Tokh 58
fhvhnip jrhost gmna boulfmeh ml t`h cmrst whha fuh ti niw eonirmh mltoah ir fh`yfrotmil. boulfmeh crig `hginysms Boulfmeh goy ieeur wmt` t`h jrhoafiwl ic rhf jniif ehnns fuh ti `hginytme `hgin ytme fmshosh ic t`h lhwjirl (Z` fmshosh), `ovmlk tii t ii goly rhf jniif ehnns, ir jnhhfmlk. boulfmeh rhnothf ti mlofhquoth nmvhr culetmil culetmil Boulfmeh goy jh rhnothf ti mlofhquoth nmvhr culetmil fuh ti mlchetmil ir it`hr coetirs.
Ojiut 34 phrehlt ic thrg lhwjirls olf 04 0 4 phrehlt ic prhgoturh jojmhs fhvhnip boulfmeh. Mlcolts ic fmojhtme git`hrs olf ic git`hrs wmt` Z` fmshosh orh girh nmahny ti fhvhnip `yphrjmnmrujmlhgmo olf boulfmeh. Uygptigs ic `yphrjmnmrujmlhgmo9
V`h cinniwmlk orh t`h gist eiggil sygptigs ic `yphrjmnmrujmlhgmo. @iwhvhr, hoe` jojy goy hxphrmhleh sygptigs fmcchrhltny. Uygptigs goy mlenufh2
yhnniw einirmlk ic t`h jojy's saml (usuonny jhkmllmlk il t`h coeh olf givmlk fiwl t`h jify) piir chhfmlk ir nht`orky
V`h sygptigs ic `yphrjmnmrujmlhgmo goy rhshgjnh it`hr eilfm tmils ir ghfmeon prijnhgs. Onwoys eilsunt yiur jojy's p`ysmemol cir o fmoklisms. Fmoklisms
V`h tmgmlk ic t`h opphoroleh ic boulfmeh `hnps wmt` t`h fmoklisms. Boulfmeh opphormlk ml t`h cmrst :6 `iurs ms qumth shrmius olf usuonny rhqumrhs mgghfmoth trhotghlt. [`hl boulfmeh opphors il t`h sheilf ir t`mrf foy, mt ms usuonny "p`ysminikme." @iwhvhr, mt eol jh o girh shrmius typh ic boulfmeh. [`hl boulfmeh opphors il t`h t`mrf foy ti t`h cmrst whha, mt goy jh fuh ti ol mlchetmil. mlc hetmil. Nothr opphoroleh ic boulfmeh, ml t`h sheilf whha, ms icthl rhnothf ti jrhost gmna chhfmlks, c hhfmlks, jut goy `ovh it`hr eoushs. Fmoklistme priehfurhs cir `yphrjmnmrujmlhgmo goy mlenufh2
fmrhet olf mlfmrhet jmnmrujml nhvhns V`hsh rhcnhet w`ht`hr t`h jmnmrujml ms jiulf wmt` it`hr sujstolehs jy t`h nmvhr si t`ot mt eol jh hxerhthf (fmrhet), ir ms emreunotmlk ml t`h jniif emreunotmil (mlfmrhet). rhf jniif ehnn eiults jniif typh olf thstmlk cir Z` mleigpotmjmnmty (Eiigj's thst)
Vrhotghlt cir `yphrjmnmrujmlhgmo2
Tokh 53
Uphemcme trhotghlt cir `yphrjmnmrujmlhgmo wmnn jh fhthrgmlhf jy yiur jojy's p`ysmemol joshf il2
yiur jojy's khstotmilon okh, ivhronn `hont`, olf ghfmeon `mstiry hxthlt ic t`h fmshosh yiur jojy's tinhroleh cir sphemcme ghfmeotmils, priehfurhs, ir t`hropm hs hxphetotmils cir t`h eiursh ic t`h fmshosh yiur ipmlmil ir prhchrhleh
Vrhotghlt fhphlfs il goly coetirs, mlenufmlk t`h eoush ic t`h `yphrjmnmrujmlhgmo olf t`h nhvhn ic jmnmrujml. V`h kion ms ti ahhp t`h nhvhn ic jmnmrujml crig mlerhosmlk ti folkhrius nhvhns. Vrhotghlt goy mlenufh2
p`itit`hropy Umleh jmnmrujml ojsirjs nmk`t, boulfmeh olf mlerhoshf jmnmrujml nhvhns usuonny fherhosh w`hl t`h jojy ms hxpishf ti sphemon sph emon jnuh sphetrug nmk`ts. T`itit`hropy goy toah shvhron `iurs ti jhkml wiramlk olf mt ms ushf t`riuk`iut t`h foy olf lmk`t. V`h jojy's pismtmil ms e`olkhf ti onniw onn ic t`h saml ti jh hxpishf ti t`h t `h nmk`t. V`h jojy's hyhs gust jh prithethf olf t`h thgphroturh gilmtirhf furmlk p`itit`hropy. Jniif nhvhns ic jmnmrujml orh e`heahf ti gilmtir mc t`h p`itit`hropy ms wiramlk. cmjhriptme jnolaht Olit`hr cirg ic p`itit`hropy ms o cmjhriptme jnolaht pnoehf ulfhr t`h jojy. V`ms goy jh ushf onilh ir ml eigjmlotmil wmt` rhkunor p`itit`hropy. hxe`olkh trolscusmil ti rhpnoeh t`h jojy's fogokhf jniif wmt` crhs` jniif Hxe`olkh trolscusmil `hnps mlerhosh t`h rhf jniif ehnn eiult olf niwhr t`h nhvhns ic jmnmrujml. Ol hxe`olkh trolscusmil ms filh jy onthrlotmlk kmvmlk olf wmt`frowmlk jniif ml sgonn ogiults t`riuk` o vhml ir orthry. Hxe`olkh trolscusmils goy lhhf ti jh rhphothf mc t`h jmnmrujml nhvhns rhgoml `mk`. ehosmlk jrhostchhfmlk cir ilh ir twi foys Vrhotghlt ic jrhost gmna boulfmeh icthl rhqumrhs stippmlk t`h jrhostchhfmlk cir ilh ti twi foys olf kmvmlk t`h jojy cirguno icthl `hnps niwhr t`h jmnmrujml nhvhns. Jrhostchhfmlk eol t`hl jh rhsughf. trhotmlk oly ulfhrnymlk eoush ic `yphrjmnmrujmlhgmo, sue` os mlchetmil
Trhvhltmil ic `yphrjmnmrujmlhgmo2
[`mnh `yphrjmnmrujmlhgmo eollit jh titonny prhvhlthf, horny rheiklmtmil olf trhotghlt orh mgpirtolt ml prhvhltmlk jmnmrujml nhvhns crig rmsmlk ti folkhrius nhvhns.
Tokh 5;
Zhspmrotiry FmstrhssUylfrigh/@yonmlh Ghgjrolh Fmshosh
FHCMLMVMIL
@yonmlh ghgjrolh fmshosh (@GF), onsi eonnhf rhspmrotiry fmstrhss sylfrigh (ZFU), ms ilh ic t`h gist eiggil prijnhgs ic prhgoturh jojmhs. Mt eol eoush jojmhs ti lhhf hxtro ixykhl olf `hnp jrhot`mlk. V`h eiursh eiur sh ic mnnlhss wmt` `yonmlh ` yonmlh ghgjrolh fmshosh fhphlfs il t`h smzh olf khstotmilon okh ic t`h jojy, t`h shvhrmty ic t`h fmshosh, t`h prhshleh ic mlchetmil, w`ht`hr ir lit o jojy `os o pothlt fuetus orthrmisus (o `hort eilfmtmil), olf w`ht`hr ir lit t`h jojy lhhfs ghe`olmeon `hnp ti jrhot`h. @GF typmeonny wirshls ivhr t`h cmrst 60 ti ;: `iurs, t`hl mgprivhs wmt` trhotghlt. EOXUHU
@GF ieeurs w`hl t`hrh ms lit hliuk` ic o sujstoleh ml t`h nulks nulk s eonnhf surcoetolt. Uurcoetolt ms gofh jy t`h ehnns ml t`h omrwoys olf eilsmsts ic p`isp`inmpmfs olf prithml. Mt jhkmls ti jh prifuehf ml t`h chtus ot ojiut :6 ti :0 whhas ic prhkloley. Uurcoetolt ms ciulf ml oglmitme cnumf jhtwhhl :0 olf 5: whhas. Jy J y ojiut 58 whhas khstotmil, gist jojmhs `ovh fhvhniphf ofhquoth ogiults ic surcoetolt. Uurcoetolt ms lirgonny rhnhoshf mlti t`h nulk tmssuhs w`hrh mt `hnps niwhr surcoeh thlsmil ml t`h omrwoys. V`ms `hnps ahhp t`h nulk onvhinm (omr soes) iphl. [`hl t`hrh ms lit hliuk` surcoetolt, t`h tmly onvhinm einnopsh wmt` hoe` jrhot`. Os t`h onvhinm einnopsh, fogokhf ehnns einnhet ml t`h omrwoys olf curt`hr occhet jrhot`mlk ojmnmty. V`hsh ehnns orh eonnhf `yonmlh ghgjrolhs. V`h jojy wiras `orfhr olf `orfhr ot jrhot`mlk, trymlk ti rh-mlcnoth t`h einnopshf omrwoys. Os t`h jojy's nulk culetmil culetm il fherhoshs, nhss ixykhl ms toahl ml olf girh eorjil fmixmfh jumnfs up ml t`h jniif. V`ms eol nhof ti mlerhoshf oemf ml t`h jniif eonnhf oemfisms, o eilfmtmil t`ot eol occhet it`hr jify irkols. [mt`iut trhotghlt, t`h jojy jheighs hx`ousthf trymlk ti jrhot`h olf hvhltuonny kmvhs up. O ghe`olmeon vhltmnotir (jrhot`mlk goe`mlh) gust fi t`h wira ic jrhot`mlk mlsthof. @GF ieeurs ml ivhr `onc ic jojmhs jirl jhcirh :0 whhas khstotmil, jut ilny ml nhss t`ol ilh-t`mrf ic t`ish jirl jhtwhhl 5: olf 53 whhas. Uigh prhgoturh jojmhs fhvhnip @GF shvhrh hliuk` ti lhhf o ghe`olmeon vhltmnotir (jrhot`mlk goe`mlh). V`h girh prhgoturh t`h jojy, t`h `mk`hr t`h rmsa r msa olf t`h girh shvhrh t`h @GF. Ont`iuk` gist jojmhs wmt` @GF orh prhgoturh, it`hr coetirs eol mlcnuhleh t`h e`olehs ic fhvhnipmlk t`h fmshosh. V`hsh mlenufh t`h cinniwmlk2
Eoueosmol ir gonh jojmhs prhvmius jmrt` ic jojy wmt` @GF ehsorhol fhnmvhry phrmloton osp`yxmo
Tokh 50
einf strhss (o eilfmtmil t`ot supprhsshs surcoetolt prifuetmil) phrmloton mlchetmil guntmpnh jmrt`s (guntmpnh jmrt` jojmhs orh icthl prhgoturh) mlcolts ic fmojhtme git`hrs (tii gue` mlsunml ml o jojy's systhg fuh ti gothrlon fmojhths eol fhnoy surcoetolt prifuetmil) jojmhs wmt` pothlt fuetus orthrmisus
Uygptigs ic ZFU
V`h cinniwmlk orh t`h gist eiggil sygptigs ic @GF. @iwhvhr, hoe` jojy goy hxphrmhleh sygptigs fmcchrhltny. Uygptigs goy mlenufh2
rhspmrotiry fmccmeunty ot jmrt` t`ot khts prikrhssmvhny wirsh eyolisms (jnuh einirmlk) cnormlk ic t`h listrmns toe`yplho (ropmf jrhot`mlk) krultmlk siulfs wmt` jrhot`mlk e`hst rhtroetmils (punnmlk ml ot t`h rmjs olf sthrlug furmlk jrhot`mlk)
V`h sygptigs ic @GF usuonny phoa jy j y t`h t`mrf foy, olf goy rhsinvh qumeany w`hl t`h jojy jhkmls ti fmurhsh (hxerhth hxehss wothr ml urmlh) olf jhkmls ti lhhf nhss ixykhl olf ghe`olmeon `hnp ti jrhot`h. V`h sygptigs ic @GF goy rhshgjnh it`hr eilfmtmils ir ghfmeon prijnhgs. Onwoys eilsunt yiur jojy's p`ysmemol cir o fmoklisms. FMOKLIUMU
@GF ms usuonny fmoklishf jy o eigjmlotmil ic osshssghlts, mlenufmlk t`h cinniwmlk2
opphoroleh, einir, olf jrhot`mlk hccirts (mlfmeoth o jojy's lhhf cir ixykhl) e`hst x-roys ic nulks - icthl s`iw o ulmquh "kriulf knoss" opphoroleh eonnhf o rhtmeunikrolunor potthrl. P-roys orh hnhetrigoklhtme hlhrky ushf ti prifueh mgokhs ic jilhs olf mlthrlon irkols ilti cmng. jniif koshs (thsts cir ixykhl, eorjil fmixmfh olf oemf ml orthrmon jniif) - icthl s`iw niwhrhf ogiults ic ixykhl olf mlerhoshf eorjil fmixmfh. he`ieorfmikrop`y (HAK) - sightmghs ushf ti runh iut `hort prijnhgs t`ot gmk`t eoush sygptigs smgmnor ti @GF. Ol hnhetrieorfmikrog hn hetrieorfmikrog ms o thst t`ot rheirfs t`h hnhetrmeon oetmvmty ic t`h `hort, s`iws ojlirgon r`yt`gs (orr`yt`gmos ir fysr`yt`gmos), olf fhthets `hort gusenh fogokh.
Vrhotghlt cir ZFU2
Uphemcme trhotghlt cir @GF wmnn jh fhthrgmlhf jy yiur jojy's p`ysmemol joshf il2
yiur jojy's khstotmilon okh, ivhronn `hont`, olf ghfmeon `mstiry
Tokh 5=
hxthlt ic t`h eilfmtmil yiur jojy's tinhroleh cir sphemcme ghfmeotmils, priehfurhs, ir t`hropmhs hxphetotmils cir t`h eiursh ic t`h eilfmtmil yiur ipmlmil ir prhchrhleh
Vrhotghlt cir @GF goy mlenufh2
pnoemlk ol hlfitroe`hon (HV) tujh mlti t`h jojy's wmlfpmph ghe`olmeon jrhot`mlk goe`mlh (ti fi t`h wira ic jrhot`mlk cir t`h jojy) suppnhghlton ixykhl (hxtro ogiults ic ixykhl) eiltmluius pismtmvh omrwoy prhssurh (ETOT) - o ghe`olmeon jrhot`mlk goe`mlh t`ot pus`hs o eiltmluius cniw ic omr ir ixykhl ti t`h omrwoys ti `hnp ahhp tmly omr possokhs ml t`h nulks iphl surcoetolt rhpnoehghlt wmt` ortmcmemon surcoetolt - gist hcchetmvh mc storthf ml t`h cmrst smx `iurs ic jmrt`. Uurcoetolt rhpnoehghlt `os jhhl s`iwl ti rhfueh t`h shvhrmty ic @GF. Uurcoetolt ms kmvhl os prip`ynoetme (prhvhltmvh) trhotghlt cir sigh jojmhs ot vhry `mk` rmsa cir @GF. Cir it`hrs mt ms ushf os o "rhseuh" ght`if. V`h fruk eighs os o piwfhr ti jh gmxhf wmt` sthrmnh wothr olf t`hl ms kmvhl t`riuk` t`h HV tujh (jrhot`mlk tujh). Uurcoetolt ms usuonny kmvhl ml shvhron fishs. ghfmeotmils (ti `hnp shfoth olf hosh poml ml jojmhs furmlk trhotghlt)
Eigpnmeotmils ic ZFU2
Jojmhs wmt` @GF sightmghs fhvhnip eigpnmeotmils ic t`h fmshosh ir prijnhgs os smfh hcchets ic trhotghlt. Os wmt` oly ol y fmshosh, girh shvhrh eoshs icthl `ovh krhothr rmsas cir eigpnmeotmils. Uigh eigpnmeotmils ossiemothf wmt` @GF mlenufh t`h cinniwmlk2
omr nhoas ic t`h nulk tmssuhs sue` os2 plhugighfmostmlug - omr nhoas mlti t`h ghfmostmlug (t`h spoeh ml t`h t`iroeme eovmty jh`mlf t`h sthrlug olf jhtwhhl t`h twi pnhuron soes eiltomlmlk t`h nulks). plhugit`irox - omr nhoas mlti t`h spoeh jhtwhhl t`h e`hst wonn olf t`h iuthr tmssuhs ic t`h nulks. plhugiphrmeorfmug - omr nhoas mlti t`h soe surriulfmlk t`h `hort. pungilory mlthrstmtmon hgp`yshgo (TMH) - omr nhoas olf jheighs tropphf jhtwhhl t`h onvhinm, t`h tmly omr soes ic t`h nulks. e`rilme nulk fmshosh, sightmghs eonnhf jrile`ipungilory fyspnosmo i
i
i i
Trhvhltmil ic ZFU2
Trhvhltmlk o prhthrg jmrt` ms t`h prmgory ghols ic prhvhltmlk @GF. [`hl o prhthrg jmrt` eollit jh prhvhlthf, kmvmlk t`h git`hr ghfmeotmils eonnhf eirtmeisthrimfs jhcirh fhnmvhry `os jhhl s`iwl ti frogotmeonny niwhr t`h rmsa olf shvhrmty ic @GF ml t`h
Tokh 64
jojy. V`hsh sthrimfs orh icthl kmvhl ti wighl jhtwhhl :6 olf 56 whhas khstotmil w`i orh ot rmsa ic horny fhnmvhry. Lhiloton @ypit`hrgmo
V`h lhiloth ms ot `mk` rmsa ic `ypit`hrgmo, portmeunorny mc prhgoturh, sgonn cir foths, ir smea. Ot fhnmvhry t`h wht surcoeh ic ol mlcolt mlerhoshs t`h `hot niss ti ot nhost 4.:8ðE phr gmluth. Mt ms cir t`ms rhosil t`ot o prmirmty ic rhsusemtotmil ms t`ot t`h e`mnf ms frmhf, wropphf, olf golokhf ulfhr o worghr. Ght`ifs ovomnojnh ti t`h lhiloth ti prhshrvh `hot mlenufh ofiptmil ic o cnhxhf pisturh, sujeutolhius cot mlsunotmil, olf oetmvh t`hrgikhlhsms jy jriwl ofmpish. V`h girh prhgoturh ir ulfhrwhmk`t o jojy t`h nhss t`hsh ght`ifs orh ovomnojnh. V`h prhthrg lhiloth `os o piir t`hrgirhkunotiry t`hrgirhkunotir y jonoleh cir shvhron rhosils2
lhuron chhfjoea eiltrin ms lit cmlhny tulhf `mk` surcoeh orho ti vinugh rotmi t`h saml ms lit cunny fhvhniphf ultmn := whhas ic okh prhthrg mlcolts hsphemonny `ovh niw jriwl cot rhshrvhs onilk t`h seopuno olf porovhrthjron kutthr
Zmsa coetirs mlenufh2
prhgoturmty sgonn cir foths shpsms
eigpnmeotmil
@ypit`hrgmo ml t`h lhiloth eol rhsunt ml rhfuehf surcoetolt prifuetmil, olf t`us `ypixohgmo wmt` krultmlk. V`h eileigmtolt oemfisms wmt` mlerhoshf ixykhl olf eonirmh eilsugptmil eol rhsunt ml `ypiknyeohgmo. Trhvhltmil
Trhvhltmil ic horny lhiloton `ypit`hrgmo ms jy ropmf frymlk, wroppmlk, olf phrcirgmlk oly rhsusemtotmil ulfhr o worghr. Ml prhgoturh ir smea mlcolts `hot nisshs orh prhvhlthf os cinniws2
hvopirotmvh niss goy jh rhfuehf jy oppnymlk imn eilfuetmvh nisshs eol jh rhfuehf wmt` mlsunothf ir `hotf gotrhsshs eilvhetmvh nisshs s`iunf jh gilmtirhf ml eilvhetmvh mleujotirs
Tokh 6?
rofmolt `hot niss ms rhfuehf wmt` jujjnh ciog s`hhts olf jy ahhpmlk t`h riig thgphroturh - iutsmfh t`h mleujotir - comrny `mk`
Vhrg mlcolts smgpny lhhf ti jh priphrny enit`hf olf ahpt ml o frouk`t crhh eit
Tokh 6: