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Music Theory Grade 1 Based on the ABRSM Syllabus
Associated Board of the Royal School of Musicians
Name:
Syllabus 1
Lesson
Topic
Score
1
Note Values
1
Dotted Notes
2
Rest values
/5
3
Tied notes
/10
4
Time signatures
/4
5
Composing a 2 bar rhythm Notes of the treble clef Notes of the bass clef
/10
8
Accidentals
/30
9
Constructing major scale C, G, D and F major scales Tonic triads
6 7
10 11 12 Ongoing
/40
Degrees of the Scale & Intervals Vocabulary
2
/6 /12 /8
Notes Values Draw the note
Name the note length
How many beats does it last?
Dotted Notes
A dot next to the note (not above or below) means that you half the note value and then add it on. For example:
A semibreve is worth 4 beats The dot means I halve it which is 2 beats And then I add it on 4+2=6 A dotted semibreve is worth 6 beats 3
Do the same for the following: Note
Without the dot
Half the value
Clap these rhythms
4
Added together
Homework
Note Value Knowledge Check Do these musical sums
Let’s make it a little harder…
5
Total score: _____ of 40
www:
ebi:
Teacher comment: 6
Rest Values Draw the note
Name the How many note length beats does it last?
Rest
Practice drawing the rests: 5
7
Tied Notes
Sometimes notes are tied together because they cross a bar line or you can’t make the note length you want by dotting it; e.g.
You can only tie notes that are on the same line or space within the stave. Circle the notes that can be tied and write the note length they create underneath.
10 8
Time Signatures.
Time signatures explained: The top number tells you how many beats are in a bar. The bottom number tells you what type of beat it is. Having a 4 on the bottom represents a crotchet beat. 3 4
means 3 crotchet beats in a bar.
Write the time signature at the start of the music.
4
9
Composing a 2 bar rhythm Because you’re writing a rhythm and not a melody you only need to
use one line on the stave. Advice for writing a 2 bar response.
Look at the time signature first. Tap the written rhythm to yourself. Tap a response that sounds good. Make the rhythm interesting. o Use the existing rhythm and amend it to be an answer. o This will make it similar but different. End on a longer note.
10
10
Notes of the treble clef
Firstly, practice drawing 10 treble clefs on the staff below. Copy the first one as accurately as you can.
Next you need to start learning what notes are on what lines and in which spaces. The best way is with mnemonics. The notes on the lines: E G B D F The notes in the spaces Spell FACE
When you go beyond the lines and spaces you keep going through the alphabet from A – G and then start again at A, like this:
11
Notes of the bass clef
Firstly, practice drawing 10 bass clefs on the staff below. Copy the first one as accurately as you can.
Next you need to start learning what notes are on what lines and in which spaces. The best way is with mnemonics again. The notes on the lines: G B D F A The notes in the spaces: A C E G 12
Insert resource worksheets
Accidentals – sharps, flats and naturals
# is the symbol for sharp
This means that you raise the note by a semi tone. A semi tone is the very next note. So seeing C# means that you play the back note above C.
b is
the symbol for flat
This means that you lower the note by a semi tone. A semi tone is the very next note. So seeing Ab means that you play the back note below A.
is the symbol for natural
This means that a # or b note returns to being ‘normal’. 13
Practice drawing some # b and
Accidentals – sharps, flats and naturals
Name these notes
____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____
____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____
Match the notes to the piano. The first one is done for you. C#
Eb
F#
A#
D#
Bb
Gb
Db
G#
Ab
14
30
Constructing a major scale.
All music scales are made up of tones and semitones. A semitone is the very next note. A tone is 2 notes away. All major scales follow the same pattern of tones (T) and semitones (St) C major scale is: C D E F G A B C What is the pattern of T and St used?
____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____
Using the pattern of tones and semitones, write out all the notes (including # and b) for the following scales: G major G ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ G D major D ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ D 15
F major F ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ F
6 Constructing a major scale. Now it’s time to draw these scales on the staff. Using crotchets, draw the C, G, D and F major scales using the correct # or b.
C Major
G Major
D Major
F Major
16
Tonic Triads
12
Look at the scales you have drawn. The first note of any scale is called the tonic. On the previous page put the numbers underneath your notes as shown on the PowerPoint. A triad is made of 3 notes; the tonic, 3rd and 5th. Draw the triads for C, G, D and F major in both treble clef and bass clef on the staves below. Don’t forget sharps or flats if needed. C major
G major
D major
17
F major
8 Degrees of the Scale and Intervals Degrees of the scale are exactly what you did on p16 when you wrote the number underneath your scales. Here is an example of C major with roman numerals rather than numbers:
What degree of the scale is: F ___
B ___
C ___
D ___
A ___
E ___
G ___
An interval is the gap between 2 notes that is expressed in numbers.
18
You count both the bottom note and the note you end on when counting intervals. Complete the following worksheets on intervals
Insert resource worksheets
Vocabulary Tempo - Speed, time Accelerando (accel)
Gradually getting quicker
Adagio
Slow
Allegretto
Fairly quick
Allegro
Quick, cheerful
Andante
Walking pace
Legato
Smoothly
Lento
Slow
Rallentando (rall)
Getting slower
Ritardando (rit)
Getting slower
Dynamics – Volume ff Fortissimo Very loud
f Forte Loud
mf Mezzo forte Quite loud
mp Mezzo piano Quite quiet
p Piano Quiet
pp Pianissimo Very quiet
19
Crescendo (cresc)
Getting louder
Diminuendo (dim)
Getting quieter
Symbols Pause
Hold the note, pause on the note
Accent
Above or below a note. Accent the note.
Vocabulary Other Italian terms Mezzo
half
Moderato
Moderately
Poco
A little
Poco a poco
Little by little
Staccato
Detached (a dot under or over a note)
Describing Music with Dr P Smith Dynamics
Volume
Rhythms
Note lengths
Pitch
High and Low
Structure
How music is built from start to end
Melody
The tune
Instrumentation
What instruments are used
20
Tempo
Speed
Texture
Layers of sound. How music is built from top to bottom.
Timbre
Sound quality
Harmony
What backs up the melody.
Well done for getting through grade 1 theory! There are now some practice exercises on the following pages. Revise ready for your test.